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Abdul Kadir, Aida Fazliana, Hanisah Mupangat, Dalila Mat Said, and Zulhani Rasin. "REACTIVE POWER ANALYSIS AT SOLAR POWER PLANT." Jurnal Teknologi 83, no. 2 (February 2, 2021): 47–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/jurnalteknologi.v83.15104.
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Reactive power is essential to control the power system's voltage stability as the reactive power is directly proportional to the voltage. Hence, every new solar photovoltaic (PV) plant installed in the grid system must comply with the grid code requirements to ensure that the electricity supply remains stable and reliable. As the more penetration of PV plants, the electrical system will face some challenges related to reactive power control and voltage support. Thus, many countries including Malaysia have updated their grid codes to permit a smooth interaction between these new plants with the grid system. The inverter of PV solar connected to grid system are required to supply rated power output (MW) at point of common coupling (PCC) between the limits of 0.85 power factor lagging, and 0.95 leading follow to the Malaysian Grid Code (MGC) requirement. Hence, this research aims to design a controller for the PV inverter in Matlab/Simulink that able to absorb and supply the reactive power. Then, the comparison will execute between the simulation results and the MGC requirement. However, due to power loss in the system, the PV inverter controller may not comply with the reactive power capability as the MGC requirement. Thus, the PV system need to integrate with the capacitor bank as a reactive power compensator.
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Chen, Nuofu, Xiulan Zhang, Yiming Bai, and Han Zhang. "Environmental Friendly PV Power Plant." Energy Procedia 16 (2012): 32–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2012.01.007.
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Pelin, Denis, Matej Žnidarec, Damir Šljivac, and Andrej Brandis. "Fast Power Emulation Approach to the Operation of Photovoltaic Power Plants Made of Different Module Technologies." Energies 13, no. 22 (November 15, 2020): 5957. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13225957.
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This paper gives a comprehensive approach to the emulation of photovoltaic (PV) plants made of different module technologies as well as varying peak power through the advanced fast PV power emulation technique. Even though PVs are recognized as a technology for CO2 emissions mitigation, the proposed emulation technique provides the opportunity to replicate PV plant operation without a carbon footprint because of its working principle. The process of PV power plant emulation consists of several stages which are described in detail. An algorithm for determining PV power plant configuration based on the technical characteristics of the PV emulation system equipment is developed and presented, as well as an algorithm for preparing data on the current–voltage (i–v) characteristics used as input data into programmable sources that mimic the power plant PV array. A case study of a single day operation of PV power plants made of two different topologies and technologies was carried out with the fast PV power emulation approach and the results are evaluated and presented.
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Jing, Shi, Wang Zhimin, Huang Zhonghua, and Qi Yanshou. "Analysis of harmonic resonance mechanism of PV power plant." E3S Web of Conferences 107 (2019): 02002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201910702002.
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Great amount of PV inverters connected with the PV power plant causes the power system to become electronically power and affects the operation mode of the traditional power system. High-frequency switching characteristics of PV inverters carry a large number of harmonic components, even lead to the harmonic resonance of a multi-machine parallel system. In the paper, based on physical mechanism of power electronics, a high-order model of harmonic impedance of a typical PV power plant is established, and harmonic resonance mechanism in parallel operation of PV power plant is analyzed, as well as key factors.
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Liang, Hai Feng, Hai Hong Wang, and Zi Xing Liu. "Study on the Output Power of the PV Power Plant Model Based on ANFIS." Advanced Materials Research 724-725 (August 2013): 190–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.724-725.190.
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in order to study the output power of PV plant in depth, effective and reasonable methods of modeling for PV power plant are explored and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) based on Takagi-Sugeno (TS) model is proposed in this paper. According to the power output characteristics of PV system and a variety of factors which impact, three kinds of model of PV plant power output are established based on subtractive clustering ANFIS. After model test and calculation for confidence interval estimate of power output, the results show that the accuracy of the model is able to meet the practical engineering application requirements and the second model is optimal by comparison. In conclusion, ANFIS provides an innovative and feasible model establishment method for the power output of PV plant.
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Alhmoud, Lina. "Why Does the PV Solar Power Plant Operate Ineffectively?" Energies 16, no. 10 (May 13, 2023): 4074. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16104074.
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Quality, reliability, and durability are the key features of photovoltaic (PV) solar system design, production, and operation. They are considered when manufacturing every cell and designing the entire system. Achieving these key features ensures that the PV solar system performs satisfactorily and offers years of trouble-free operation, even in adverse conditions. In each cell, the quality of the raw material should meet the quality standards. The fulfillment of the quality management system requires every part that goes into the PV solar system to undergo extensive testing in laboratories and environments to ensure it meets expectations. Hence, every MWh of electricity generated by the PV solar system is counted, the losses should be examined, and the PV system’s returns should be maximized. There are many types of losses in the PV solar system; these losses are identified and quantified based on knowledge and experience. They can be classified into two major blocks: optical and electrical losses. The optical losses include, but are not limited to, partial shading losses, far shading losses, near shading losses, incident angle modifier (IAM) losses, soiling losses, potential induced degradation (PID) losses, temperature losses, light-induced degradation (LID) losses, PV yearly degradation losses, array mismatch losses, and module quality losses. In addition, there are cable losses inside the PV solar power system, inverter losses, transformer losses, and transmission line losses. Thus, this work reviews the losses in the PV solar system in general and the 103 MWp grid-tied Al Quweira PV power plant/Aqaba, mainly using PVsyst software. The annual performance ratio (PR) is 79.5%, and the efficiency (η) under standard test conditions (STC) is 16.49%. The normalized production is 4.64 kWh/kWp/day, the array loss is 1.69 kWh/kWp/day, and the system loss is 0.18 kWh/kWp/day. Understanding factors that impact the PV system production losses is the key to obtaining an accurate production estimation. It enhances the annual energy and yield generated from the power plant. This review benefits investors, energy professionals, manufacturers, installers, and project developers by allowing them to maximize energy generation from PV solar systems and increase the number of solar irradiation incidents on PV modules.
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Delfanti, Maurizio, Davide Falabretti, and Marco Merlo. "Energy storage for PV power plant dispatching." Renewable Energy 80 (August 2015): 61–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2015.01.047.
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Venkatesh, V., D. Vamsi Krishna, K. V. Kalyani, and Ashutosh Saxena. "ADVANCED APPROACH IN SOLAR PV PLANT PROTECTION SYSTEM." International Journal of Engineering Applied Sciences and Technology 6, no. 10 (February 1, 2022): 295–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.33564/ijeast.2022.v06i10.039.
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Solar Photovoltaic (PV) technology has become one of the most promising and reliable source of renewable energy. The favorable conditions like decreasing prices of PV system, increased panel size and enhanced efficiency improved the solar PV power plants installations. PV Panel and Inverter are vital equipment’s in functioning of solar PV system. As the solar power plant has various power electronics and other electrical components, there might be chance for power interruptions due to improper functioning of switch gear. Ensuring protection measures of the solar power plant plays a key role in smooth functioning of the system. The main objective of the paper is to explain various protection issues faced in solar roof top system and the necessary measures taken for resolving the issues with root cause analysis. This technical paper also showcases various preventive maintenance activities followed in the solar PV plant
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Vaskov, A. G., N. Y. Mozder, and A. F. Narynbaev. "Modelling of Solar-Diesel Hybrid Power Plant." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1211, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 012011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1211/1/012011.
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Abstract The article highlights the problems of distributed energy generation and focuses on solar-diesel hybrid power plant modelling and optimization. Designing power systems based on renewable energy sources includes a very relevant task of building mathematical models of such systems and their elements. The article presents an approach and definition of mathematical models describing photovoltaic-diesel (PV-D) hybrid power system elements used in decision making processes as a part of PV-D operation control. An overview of PV module output power, performance and temperature models is given. Along with the analysis of the specific fuel consumption dependencies on the operating power of the diesel generator, an example of diesel power plant unit commitment is shown.
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Haji, AHMED, and Mehdi F. Bonneya. "Assessment of Power Quality for Large Scale Utility Grid-Connected Solar Power Plant Integrated System." Journal of Techniques 3, no. 3 (September 29, 2021): 20–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.51173/jt.v3i3.336.
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This paper introduces the simulation and analysis of a three-phase large-scale grid-connected solar Photovoltaic (PV) system in order to assess the effect of integrated PV grid-connected mode on the power quality of the utility grid. The study takes into account the effect of solar system power variation as well as the PV inverter's introduction of penetrating harmonics into the system. The simulation of the system is done in MATLAB software using the SIMULINK environment and is tested by the Pysyst program. Where it is done in real-time with an actual case study on a 1620-kW PV array connected to an 11-kV grid via a three-level Voltage Source Converter (VSC). The technical data was recorded, and the system's power quality was examined. The grid-connected PV system's Performance Ratio (PR) is assessed to determine the PV system's reliability and grid connectivity.
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Liu, Qingjun, Fei Cao, Yanhua Liu, Tianyu Zhu, and Deyou Liu. "Design and Simulation of a Solar Chimney PV/T Power Plant in Northwest China." International Journal of Photoenergy 2018 (2018): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/1478695.
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A solar chimney PV/T power plant (SCPVTPP) is proposed. Mathematical models are established for the PV/T solar collector, the chimney, and the power conversion unit, respectively. Performances of the designed SCPVTPP are then simulated. The SCPVTPPs with different PV module areas are finally discussed. It is found that the PV cells hold the highest temperature in the solar collector. Temperature rise of the PV module has significant influences to its power generation. Without cooling, the PV power capacity has an average decrease of 28.71%. The contradictory influences of temperature rise and airflow cooling lead to an 11.81% decrease of the average power capacity. By adding the power generated by PVT, the total PV-related power contribution increases by 4.72%. With the increase of the solar collector ratio, the temperature rise and the wind velocity both first decrease then increase, the SCPP power productivity decreases linearly, and the PV power productivity increases linearly, whereas the PVT power productivity first increases linearly then increases superlinearly. There is a reversed solar collector ratio, exceeding which the PV generates most power. In this study, solar thermal power takes the major role when the solar PV area ratio is smaller than 0.055.
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Libra, Martin, Milan Daneček, Jan Lešetický, Vladislav Poulek, Jan Sedláček, and Václav Beránek. "Monitoring of Defects of a Photovoltaic Power Plant Using a Drone." Energies 12, no. 5 (February 27, 2019): 795. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12050795.
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Drone infrared camera monitoring of photovoltaic (PV) power plants allows us to quickly see a large area and to find the worst defects in PV panels, namely cracked PV cells with broken contacts. Roofs are suitable for the integration of PV power plants into buildings. The power plant at the Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague, which was monitored by this method, does not show any significant defects, and the produced electric energy exceeds the expected values. On the contrary, the PV power plant in Ladná has visible defects, and the data monitoring system Solarmon-2.0 also indicates defects. Our newly developed data monitoring system Solarmon-2.0 has been successfully used in 65 PV power plants in the Czech Republic and in many PV power plants throughout the world. Data are archived and interpreted in our dispatch area at the Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague. The monitoring system can report possible failure(s) if the measured amount of energy differs from the expected value(s). The relation of the measured values of PV power to the PV panel temperature is justified, which is consistent with the physical theory of semiconductors.
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Chai, Yuan, Jing Hong Zheng, Lian Shu, and Shou Zhen Zhu. "Equivalent Modeling of Large-Scale Photovoltaic Power Plant." Applied Mechanics and Materials 448-453 (October 2013): 1419–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.448-453.1419.
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This paper introduces the single unit model of photovoltaic (PV) system as the basic component for the modeling of the large-scale PV power plant. Based on the single unit model, the equivalent models of the large-scale PV power plant are presented in two different situations. As the general situation of the two in which the parameters of the inverter controllers are different, a clustering and equivalent modeling method based on the characteristic distance of parameter sensitivity is proposed. Finally, the simulation cases are provided to verify the effectiveness of the equivalent models.
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Li, Wei Guo, Zhi Min Liao, and Xue Lin Sun. "Based on Time Series Prediction of Photovoltaic Power Plant Output." Advanced Materials Research 383-390 (November 2011): 5142–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.383-390.5142.
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With the PV power system capacity continues to expand, PV power generation forecasting techniques can reduce the PV system output power of randomness, it has great impact on power systems. This paper presents a method based on ARMA time series power prediction model. With historical electricity data and meteorological factors, the model gets test and evaluation by Eviews software. Results indicated that the prediction model has high accuracy, it can solve the shortcomings of PV randomness and also can improve the ability of the stable operation of the system.
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Utama, Ida Bagus Krishna Yoga, Radityo Fajar Pamungkas, Muhammad Miftah Faridh, and Yeong Min Jang. "Intelligent IoT Platform for Multiple PV Plant Monitoring." Sensors 23, no. 15 (July 25, 2023): 6674. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23156674.
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Due to the accelerated growth of the PV plant industry, multiple PV plants are being constructed in various locations. It is difficult to operate and maintain multiple PV plants in diverse locations. Consequently, a method for monitoring multiple PV plants on a single platform is required to satisfy the current industrial demand for monitoring multiple PV plants on a single platform. This work proposes a method to perform multiple PV plant monitoring using an IoT platform. Next-day power generation prediction and real-time anomaly detection are also proposed to enhance the developed IoT platform. From the results, an IoT platform is realized to monitor multiple PV plants, where the next day’s power generation prediction is made using five types of AI models, and an adaptive threshold isolation forest is utilized to perform sensor anomaly detection in each PV plant. Among five developed AI models for power generation prediction, BiLSTM became the best model with the best MSE, MAPE, MAE, and R2 values of 0.0072, 0.1982, 0.0542, and 0.9664, respectively. Meanwhile, the proposed adaptive threshold isolation forest achieves the best performance when detecting anomalies in the sensor of the PV plant, with the highest precision of 0.9517.
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Pavithra, C., R. Geethamani, G. Radhakrishnan, Kishore S. Kumar, and C. Manoj. "A Novel Grid Integrated Perturb and Observe Maximum Power Point Tracking Controlled Photovoltaic Power Plant for Power Enhancement." Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience 16, no. 2 (February 1, 2019): 410–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jctn.2019.7741.
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Solar Photovoltaic power generation shows considerable growth in the past decades. In the grid integrated PV system require MPPT controller to improve the efficiency of the power harvested from the plant due to nonlinearity nature of PV module. Among many MPPT Technique P&O has adaptive tracking, reduced oscillation around MPP. In this paper the Perturbation and Observation based MPPT algorithm with adaptive duty ratio generation is used. In this Paper in addition to PV power generation it is used for the power correction of the utility grid by injecting the power to balance the system during unbalanced load condition. Simulation of the proposed concept is run in the MATLAB 2018/Simulink environment.
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Setiadi, Herlambang, Firdaus Bima Firmansyah, Prisma Megantoro, Tahta Amrillah, Herri Trilaksana, Galih Bangga, Muhammad Abdillah, and Awan Uji Krismanto. "Design intelligent maximum power point tracking for photovoltaic at Universitas Airlangga." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 27, no. 3 (September 1, 2022): 1212. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v27.i3.pp1212-1222.
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Rooftop photovoltaic (PV) plant is one ot the independent electricity that us favorable in recent year. Rooftop PV plant can be used as the source of smart building as well as fast charging station. Although rooftop PV plant could provide clean and sustainable energy from solar, they also come with disadvantages in term of intermittent power output. This intermittent power output is due to the uncertainty of the source. To tackle this problem, maximum power point tracking method is essential. Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) method can be used to extract maximum power from the solar cell in all conditions. This paper proposes an intelligent method for designing DC-DC MPPT based on <span>fruit fly optimization</span> (FFO) on realistic rooftop PV plant. Practical rooftop PV plant in Universitas Airlangga is employed as the testing system. The proposed method's efficacy is evaluated using time domain simulation. According to the simulation results, the proposed method can significantly extract power from PV.
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Semeskandeh, Sina, Mehrdad Hojjat, and Mohamad Hosseini Abardeh. "Techno–economic–environmental comparison of floating photovoltaic plant with conventional solar photovoltaic plant in northern Iran." Clean Energy 6, no. 2 (April 1, 2022): 1118–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ce/zkac019.
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Abstract Photovoltaic (PV) systems can be used to generate electricity due to the potential for solar energy in Iran. Applying floating photovoltaic (FPV) systems is a new approach to utilizing PV systems in water. Most of Iran’s energy consumption is supplied from fossil fuels, especially oil and gas. In recent years, Iran has faced environmental problems and air pollution. Electricity generation using fossil fuels has led to increased environmental pollution. Accordingly, PV systems can be used to generate electricity due to the potential for solar energy in Iran. The interest in predicting the energy production of PV power plants has increased in recent years. In this regard, the techno–economic–environmental study of constructing PV power plants is a basic process to encourage people to use solar energy. A techno–economic–environmental feasibility study has been performed to construct a 5-kW FPV and ground PV (GPV) power plant in a northern city of Iran. Also, the FPV system is compared with the ground PV system using MATLAB® Simulink and RETScreen® software. In this study, the effects of wind and water temperature have been considered. Also, a sensitivity analysis was performed due to the uncertainty in climatic conditions and the amount of PV energy generation. The simulation results show that due to the cooling effect for panels in the FPV system, the production capacity and panels’ efficiency are respectively 19.47% and 27.98% higher than the those of the GPV system. In addition, the FPV system was found to have a 16.96% increase in the annual performance ratio. Overall, using the FPV system reduces the equity payback to 6.3 years (a 22.2% reduction compared to the GPV power plant).
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Alrumayh, Omar, Khairy Sayed, and Abdulaziz Almutairi. "LVRT and Reactive Power/Voltage Support of Utility-Scale PV Power Plants during Disturbance Conditions." Energies 16, no. 7 (April 5, 2023): 3245. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16073245.
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This paper proposes a control technique for a large-scale grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) plant that maintains the connection of an inverter to the grid voltage under different types of faults, while injecting a reactive power to accommodate the required grid connection. This control strategy is suggested to improve the low-voltage ride-through (LVRT) capability of grid-connected PV power generation plants. A 20 MW solar PV power plant is modeled and simulated using Matlab/Simulink. The power plant is composed of 10 parallel groups of arrays with a power rating of 2 MWp. The solar PV arrays are connected to a medium-voltage side-rated 22 KV to the utility grid. A dynamic analysis of the grid-connected large-scale solar PV power plant is introduced. This analysis is accomplished in order to determine the impact of three-phase short-circuits at the point of common-coupling (PCC), where the solar PV power station is connected to ensure a practical voltage level by injecting active and reactive power. The reactive power support allows for faster restoration of voltage values at the PCC. When subjected to transient disturbances, the stability of the studied system relies on both the type of the disturbance and the initial operating situation. The disturbance may be either small, resulting from electrical load changes, or large, such as from a transmission line short-circuit (fault) and significant generator loss.
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Lin, Faa-Jeng, Su-Ying Lu, Jo-Yu Chao, and Jin-Kuan Chang. "Intelligent PV Power Smoothing Control Using Probabilistic Fuzzy Neural Network with Asymmetric Membership Function." International Journal of Photoenergy 2017 (2017): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/8387909.
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An intelligent PV power smoothing control using probabilistic fuzzy neural network with asymmetric membership function (PFNN-AMF) is proposed in this study. First, a photovoltaic (PV) power plant with a battery energy storage system (BESS) is introduced. The BESS consisted of a bidirectional DC/AC 3-phase inverter and LiFePO4 batteries. Then, the difference of the actual PV power and smoothed power is supplied by the BESS. Moreover, the network structure of the PFNN-AMF and its online learning algorithms are described in detail. Furthermore, the three-phase output currents of the PV power plant are converted to the dq-axis current components. The resulted q-axis current is the input of the PFNN-AMF power smoothing control, and the output is a smoothing PV power curve to achieve the effect of PV power smoothing. Comparing to the other smoothing methods, a minimum energy capacity of the BESS with a small fluctuation of the grid power can be achieved by the PV power smoothing control using PFNN-AMF. In addition, a personal computer- (PC-) based PV power plant emulator and BESS are built for the experimentation. From the experimental results of various irradiance variation conditions, the effectiveness of the proposed intelligent PV power smoothing control can be verified.
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Liu, Ling, Bao Guo Tang, and Kai Sun. "The Output Power of the PV Power Plant Modeling Based on ANFIS." Advanced Materials Research 1006-1007 (August 2014): 945–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1006-1007.945.
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To find an effective and reasonable method for calculating precisely the output power of the PV power plant, adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) based on Takagi-Sugeno (TS) is proposed. Analysis of the various weather factors that affect the output power of the PV power plant, and select the appropriate input ,MATLAB as a tool ,depend on the different input variable to establish different output power of photovoltaic power plants based on the subtractive clustering the ANFIS model .Results show that all the model has a high accuracy and meet the practical engineering application requirements,by comparing models choose the optimal model.
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Ubaidah. "Analisa Dampak Masuknya Photovoltaic (PV) Dalam Skala Besar Terhadap Performa Sistem Tenaga Listrik." Electrician 16, no. 1 (January 24, 2022): 31–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/elc.v16n1.2277.
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Abstract — Photovoltaic (PV) is a renewable energy generator that produces electrical energy at a certaintime or also called intermittent.. A large number of PV penetrations into the system significantly affects theability of conventional generators to catch up with power due to decreased PV output power or when PVoutput power is not available. This is due to the different characteristics of the lean rate of each type ofgenerator. To overcome the power imbalance in the electric power system with various compositions, it isnecessary to limit the number of PV that is allowed to be installed in the electrical power interconnectionsystem.In this study, the generator and load data were used collectively from the Indonesian National GreatCompany. The power plants used are hydropower plant, steam power plant, geothermal power plant, dieselpower plant, gas engine power plant, and gas power plant. Based on the simulation results, the number of PVthat is allowed to be installed is a maximum of 30% of the total generation in a certain generationconfiguration. If the amount of PV exceeds the maximum limit, there will be a power imbalance between thegenerator and the load. If the generator configuration has a large generator capacity and has a high lean rate,PV plants can be connected to the electrical power interconnection of more than 30% of the total generation. Keywords— Duck curve, photovoltaic, ramping rate, power imbalance.
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Järvelä, Markku, and Seppo Valkealahti. "Operation of a PV Power Plant during Overpower Events Caused by the Cloud Enhancement Phenomenon." Energies 13, no. 9 (May 1, 2020): 2185. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13092185.
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Partly cloudy days possess two characteristics that can significantly increase the photovoltaic (PV) generator power: the operating temperature of the PV panels can cool down during the shade periods, and the irradiance can be enhanced due to the cloud enhancement phenomenon. If an overirradiance event is preceded by a long shade period, the maximum power of a PV generator can occasionally be much higher than the nominal nameplate power. During the overpower events, the inverter is operating in power-limiting mode whereby the operating voltage is increased to decrease the power of the PV generator. We created a simulation model of a 31.9 kW PV generator and used 12 months of irradiance and PV panel temperature measurement data to analyze its operation. We analyzed the PV generator power during the overirradiance events and applied various static power limits to calculate the operating voltage ranges in case of power curtailment. During the observation period, the maximum power produced by the PV generator was 1.42 times its nominal power. The duration of the overpower events was up to several minutes, but the typical duration was only some tens of seconds. The strongest overpower events occur seldom and their duration is only some seconds. Due to the overpower events, the operating voltage may receive high values, especially if the DC-to-AC power ratio is large.
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Ma, Jinhui, Haifeng Ye, Zhi Li, Pingping Han, Zihao Lin, and Jianxiong Shi. "Research on Source-Network Coordination Voltage Control Strategy of Photovoltaic Power Plant Considering the Stability of Inverter Port Voltage." E3S Web of Conferences 143 (2020): 02018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202014302018.
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At present, the reactive power distribution method considering the reactive power adjustment capacity of the inverter in the photovoltaic (PV) power plant will lead to the output voltage of the inverter exceeding the limit. In particular, the PV inverter adopts the constant reactive power control to support the voltage at point of common coupling (PCC), which has a good effect in the steady-state operation. However, when the system is subject to transient disturbance, the PV inverter cannot flexibly support the voltage level of the system by changing the reactive power output. Therefore, this paper proposes a source-network coordination control strategy aiming at the stability of bus voltage at PCC and inverter port voltage. Firstly, the paper introduced the advantages of constant voltage control of PV inverter. Then, the voltage and reactive power control objectives of the PV Inverter in the PV power plant were calculated by considering the PCC voltage, tie lines, power collection lines, the power of transformers and the voltage loss to realize the voltage and reactive power balance control between the inverters. Finally, an actual PV power plant simulation model was built to analyse the PCC voltage under the two conditions of PV output fluctuation and system fault to verify the effectiveness of the control strategy proposed in this paper. The proposed strategy has engineering application value for the realization of closed-loop voltage control between the power grid and PV power plant and the improvement of the active response ability to the PCC voltage.
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Wu, Wei, Shengjuan Yue, Xiaode Zhou, Mengjing Guo, Jiawei Wang, Lei Ren, and Bo Yuan. "Observational Study on the Impact of Large-Scale Photovoltaic Development in Deserts on Local Air Temperature and Humidity." Sustainability 12, no. 8 (April 22, 2020): 3403. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12083403.
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As an important form of clean energy, photovoltaic (PV) power generation is entering a rapid development phase. Qinghai, China is located on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. It has sufficient sunlight and rich heat and light resources, includes a large area of the Gobi Desert, and has become China’s largest base for PV power generation. However, large-scale PV development in deserts changes the local surface energy distribution and impacts local microclimates. This study considered the Gonghe PV Power Plant in Qinghai as an example. Three monitoring stations were set up in the PV power plant, transition, and reference areas, and the influence of large-scale PV developments on the local air temperature and humidity was studied based on long-term, multi-point field observation data. The results showed that the overall daytime air temperature in the PV power plant had changed slightly (increased and decreased), while the night-time temperature dropped significantly. Specifically, in spring and summer, the daytime temperature increased slightly, with a maximum increase of 0.34 °C; in autumn and winter, the daytime temperature decreased slightly, with a maximum decrease of 0.26 °C; in all seasons, the night-time temperature decreased, with a maximum decrease of 1.82 °C during the winter night. The relative humidity in the PV power plant generally increased; except for a slight decrease in summer, the daytime and night-time relative humidity in spring, autumn, and winter always increased. The humidification in winter was the most significant, with increases of 5.00% and 4.76% for the transition and reference areas, respectively. The diurnal air temperature and relative humidity ranges in the PV power plant were greater than those outside the PV power plant. The results obtained in this field observation study could serve as a basis for quantitative evaluation of the microclimate effects of large-scale PV development in deserts and provide technical support for guiding the future planning and development of the PV industry.
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Vidhia Kumara, Ketut, I. Nyoman Satya Kumara, and Wayan Gede Ariastina. "TINJAUAN TERHADAP PLTS 24 KW ATAP GEDUNG PT INDONESIA POWER PESANGGARAN BALI." Jurnal SPEKTRUM 5, no. 2 (December 13, 2018): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/spektrum.2018.v05.i02.p04.
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PT. Indonesia Power unit Pesanggaran is one of the power generation companies in Bali, which has also participated in the development of renewable energy by installing solar PV with a capacity of 24 KW. In this research, reviews was conducted to know the condition of the solar PV plant. Review is carried out by conducting observation in the field, reviewing technical data of solar PV components, and also interviews with the staff who operate and maintain the solar PV. Through reviews it was found that the design and installation of solar PV plant is good and follows good practice of solar PV installation for optimum energy production. Due to plant location at GPS coordinate of -8,72, 115,21 therefore the solar module has been installed facing north or azimuth 0o. This module is placed on the roof of Building A, thereby reducing the cost to construct mechanical supports. The solar module was installed with a slope angle of 22o approaching the optimum slope angle. The components of the PV plant are good as they bear international standards. The solar module is CHN240-60P polycrystalline silicon with 60 cells that caccries CE certificate (Conformité Europeenne). Also, the inverter is three units of ABB PVS300-TL-800W-2 with AC output of 8,000 W which are also carries CE certificate and others. The quality of technical specifications of solar PV components and also installation of the plant has direct influence on the energy production of the plant and these have been properly implemented on the 24 KW Indonesia Power solar PV plant.
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Said, Mohamed R., Adel A. El-Samahy, and Helmy M. El Zoghby. "Cleaning frequency of the solar PV power plant for maximum energy harvesting and financial profit." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 14, no. 1 (March 1, 2023): 546. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v14.i1.pp546-554.
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Cleaning frequency of the solar PV power system plays a major role in energy harvesting. This paper proposed an optimized cleaning frequency for the PV power plants. The objective is to maximize energy harvesting and increase financial profit. The proposed technique is tested in roof top grid connected 20 kW PV power plant in Cairo, Egypt. Experimental results are collected for one year throw the period from January 2021 to December 2021 based on real time monitoring under the regular cleaning of the PV plant every fifteen days. The collected data and results are used for deriving a formula to find the optimal frequency for cleaning the PV cells. This formula can be used for any PV power plant under different operating conditions. Therefore, the formula can detect the financial losses due to the dust accumulated on the surfaces of PV panels. The model proposed in this research is verified by the comparison between the generated power from the photovoltaic power plant and the cost of cleaning (water and cleaning workers) in case of manual cleaning, taking into consideration the various operating conditions though whole the period of the study.
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Corba, Zoltan, Bane Popadic, Dragan Milicevic, Boris Dumnic, and Vladimir A. Katic. "A Long-Term Condition Monitoring and Performance Assessment of Grid Connected PV Power Plant with High Power Sizing Factor under Partial Shading Conditions." Energies 13, no. 18 (September 14, 2020): 4810. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13184810.
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Partial shading conditions of photovoltaic (PV) modules often occurs in urban areas leading to losses in electricity power generation of the PV power plant. The purpose of this study is to present how the PV power plant with high value of inverter power sizing factor (Kinv) can achieve high performance and power production under partial shading conditions with high shading losses. In this paper the results of long-term monitoring, performance analysis and experimental results are presented, while the results are compared to the estimated values calculated using PVsyst software. The study focused on the PV power plant at the Faculty of Technical Sciences (FTS) in Novi Sad, Republic of Serbia, for the period between the years 2012 and 2019. It has been shown that the values of PV power plant performance parameters are better than expected (very high), and resemble the power plants operating without shading. The high value of the inverter power sizing factor may lead to occasional saturation of the inverter when certain conditions are met, but most of the times it allows the inverter to operate at a more optimal power level. PV module soiling and power degradation is within the limits mentioned in the literature. The increase in Kinv in the partial shading conditions favorably affects the performance, does not degrade the efficiency of the inverter at saturation, reduces the effect of soiling and aging of PV modules, leading to higher power production.
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Shulzhenko, S. V., T. P. Nechaieva, and I. M. Buratynskyi. "Optimal power system’s generation dispatch with PV-plants equipped battery energy storage systems." Problems of General Energy 2021, no. 4 (December 22, 2021): 4–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/pge2021.04.004.
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Due to the increase in the share of electricity production at solar photovoltaic power plants (PV-plants), with a decrease in consumption and low flexibility of the power system, forced dispatch restrictions of generating capacities are already occurring. The problem of the emergence of a power surplus with an increase in the capacity of PV-plant can be solved by introducing a battery energy storage system (BESS) into its structure. The purpose of this study is to develop a mathematical model for the joint operation of a PV-plant and BESS for the formation of characteristic hourly daily power profiles for the supply of electrical energy to the power system. With the subsequent assessment of the impact of such hybrid PV-plants on changing the loading modes of traditional generating capacities in the Integrated power system of Ukraine. The proposed mathematical model for the joint operation of a PV-plant and BESS is, in fact, an algorithm for controlling such a hybrid PV-plant. The main principle of which is that during the period of maximum solar irradiation, the batteries are charged to the maximum possible level, which corresponds to the available capacity, and if the volume of BESS produced at the PV-plant is less than the available capacity, then all the generated electrical energy is accumulated for further discharge. Thus, the main modes of joint operation of a PV-plant and BESS are distinguished: mode No. 1 – when all PV generated electrical energy is charged with subsequent discharge; mode No. 2 – only a part of PV generated electrical energy is transferred in time, and the other part is supplied to the power system directly. Based on the developed mathematical model, daily profiles were formed for the joint operation of a PV-plant and BESS for a whole year. The analysis of the obtained daily profiles for the whole year showed, that for a day with maximum solar irradiation, in order to transfer 20% of PV-plants generated electrical energy, the discharge power of the BESS should be about 37% of the installed capacity of the inverters of the PV-plants. Thus, for 2040, with the installed capacity of PV-plants at the level of 11 GW, the total capacity of BESS should be 4 GW, and their charging capacity – 16 GWh. Using a mathematical programming model, determining the optimal structure and loading of power units of the power system when covering the daily schedule of electrical loads for each day of the year, it was determined that the introduction of BESS in PV-plants affects the performance of the power system as a whole. The transfer of 20% of the peak generation capacity of PV-plants with an installed capacity of 11 GW at the level of 2040 leads to: an increase in the production of electricity from nuclear power plants by 8% with an increase in the number of power units with an installed capacity of 1000 MW; the volume of electricity production at coal-fired thermal power plants is reduced by 20%; the generation volumes of pumped storage power plants are reduced by 4.5% and the discharge volumes of the system-scale storage systems are reduced by 57%. Reducing coal consumption by 19% leads to a 15‒19% reduction in emissions of carbon dioxide, sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides and dust, which are important results for achieving environmental goals of Ukraine. Keywords: structure of generating capacities, power system, PV-plant, battery energy storage system, mathematical model
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Kongnok, Rungphet, Thanakorn Pummaitong, and Boonyang Plangklang. "Five-Year Performance of an ESE Lightning Protection System for a Large Scale PV Power Plant in Thailand." Symmetry 13, no. 11 (November 6, 2021): 2106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym13112106.
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This article presents a five-year performance review of an early streamer emission (ESE) air terminal lightning protection system for a large scale PV power plant in Thailand. The comparison effect of a Franklin lightning protection system and the ESE lightning protection system was analyzed for the PV power plant. The ESE lightning protection system was selected to be implemented in the PV power plant. The capacity of the PV power plant studied was 8 MWp on an area of 150,000 square meters in the Nong Ya Plong district, Phetchaburi province, Western Thailand. A Franklin lightning rod type was also designed to be implemented in this PV power plant. The Franklin lightning rod type comprised 122 pieces but the ESE lightning rod type consisted of only 11 pieces. The conceptual design of the Franklin rod type followed the standard of the Council of Engineers, Thailand, and the ESE lightning rod type followed the NFC17102 standard of France. The estimated cost of installation was a key comparison to select the lightning protection system; the total installation cost of the Franklin lightning rod type was USD 197,363.80 and the ESE lightning rod type was USD 44,338.06. The lightning system was applied to the lightning arrester in the power plant to provide good protection, in which the balance of the pole to the mounting position is required to optimize the system performance. The result of the simulation also showed that the shading effects of the Franklin rod type were greater than the ESE rod type. The installation cost of the Franklin lightning rod type was 4.45 times more expensive than the ESE lightning rod type. Therefore, the ESE lightning protection system was selected to be implemented in the PV power plant. From the recorded data of the five-year performance of the ESE lightning protection system (2016–2020), there were three occurrences of a lightning strike on the PV power plant. The ESE lightning protection system effectively protected and prevented the lightning strike to the PV power plant. This study can help and support with the selection of a lightning system for the protection of large scale PV power plants in the future.
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Alanzi, Sultan Sh, and Rashad M. Kamel. "Photovoltaic Maximum Penetration Limits on Medium Voltage Overhead and Underground Cable Distribution Feeders: A Comparative Study." Energies 14, no. 13 (June 25, 2021): 3843. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14133843.
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This paper investigates the maximum photovoltaic (PV) penetration limits on both overhead lines and underground cables medium voltage radial distribution system. The maximum PV penetration limit is estimated considering both bus voltage limit (1.05 p.u.) and feeder current ampacity (1 p.u.). All factors affect the max PV penetration limit are investigated in detail. Substation voltage, load percentage, load power factor, and power system frequency (50 Hz or 60 Hz) are analyzed. The maximum PV penetration limit associated with overhead lines is usually higher than the value associated with the underground cables for high substation voltage (substation voltage = 1.05 and 1.04 p.u.). The maximum PV penetration limit decreases dramatically with low load percentage for both feeder types but still the overhead lines accept PV plant higher than the underground cables. Conversely, the maximum PV penetration increases with load power factor decreasing and the overhead lines capability for hosting PV plant remains higher than the capability of the underground cables. This paper proved that the capability of the 60-Hz power system for hosting the PV plant is higher than the capability of 50 Hz power system. MATLAB software has been employed to obtain all results in this paper. The Newton-Raphson iterative method was the used method to solve the power flow of the investigated systems.
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Sheryar, Muhammad, Farhana Umer, Aoun Muhammad, and Zeeshan Rashid. "Reconfiguration and Analysis of PV Array based on Particle Swarm Optimization of Solar Plant." Electrical, Control and Communication Engineering 18, no. 1 (June 1, 2022): 18–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ecce-2022-0003.
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Abstract The major shortcoming in the extraction of electrical energy occurs due to partial shading over a limited area of vast spread solar panels underpinning reduction of efficiency. A number of panels are interconnected in series and parallel to form a photovoltaic (PV) array for large power plants and a shadow over a single cell deteriorates overall performance. As a consequence, several peaks are added to the P-V curve causing hotspots in PV panels, degradation of the PV system, and collapse of tracking algorithms. In order to minimize such issues in PV panels, an effective optimization technique is developed by reconfiguring the panels which are capable of reaching the full global power point in a PV system under partial shading conditions. The study proposes particle swarm optimization (PSO) using PV characteristics of Quaid-e-Azam Solar Plant (QASP) in Punjab, Pakistan1. In PSO, electrical connections of PV modules are changed keeping their physical locations unaltered aiming to improve the performance of the PV system. After reconfiguration, the algorithm finds the best combination of PV modules by equalizing the row currents followed by the comparison of row current, voltages, and power of panels. The proposed PSO is proved to be an efficient method for reconfiguring PV modules in very less computational time by increasing the output power of shaded modules.
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Raj, M. Nirrmahl, and Jagadeesh Pasupuleti. "Performance assessment of a 619kW photovoltaic power plant in the northeast of peninsular Malaysia." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 20, no. 1 (October 1, 2020): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v20.i1.pp9-15.
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<span lang="EN-GB">Photovoltaic (PV) power plants are becoming widely implemented and in larger scale around the world. Understanding performance criteria is crucial in the benchmark of PV plants and ascertaining performance requirements during both design and operational stage of a PV plant. Performance Ratio (PR) and Capacity Factor (CF) are two generally accepted benchmarks for the assessment of a grid connected PV plant. However, within the South East Asia region, and especially within Malaysia, there is a lack of compilation and benchmark for the PR and CF values of existing and operational PV plants. This lack of data is disadvantageous for the designing and assessment of performance of any PV plants in the area. Thus, the focus of this study is to assess the PR and CF performance a 619kW PV plant in the Northeast of Peninsular Malaysia, with the ultimate goal of proposing a standard. From the continuous operation of the said PV plant for the duration of one year, the plant energy production has been obtained and is compared with the simulated energy generation model. Based on the comparison, the plant is determined to be operating with PR value of 0.77 and CF value of 12%. The plant is evaluated to be operating within benchmark values</span><span lang="EN-GB">. These values not only verify the performance of the studied PV plant, they also present a form of comparison </span><span lang="EN-GB">for future studies.</span>
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Reddy, Pranavamshu, M. V. N. Surendra Gupta, Srijita Nundy, A. Karthick, and Aritra Ghosh. "Status of BIPV and BAPV System for Less Energy-Hungry Building in India—A Review." Applied Sciences 10, no. 7 (March 29, 2020): 2337. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10072337.
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The photovoltaic (PV) system is one of the most promising technologies that generate benevolent electricity. Therefore, fossil fuel-generated electric power plants, that emit an enormous amount of greenhouse gases, can be replaced by the PV power plant. However, due to its lower efficiency than a traditional power plant, and to generate equal amount of power, a large land area is required for the PV power plant. Also, transmission and distribution losses are intricate issues for PV power plants. Therefore, the inclusion of PV into a building is one of the holistic approaches which reduce the necessity for such large land areas. Building-integrated and building attached/applied are the two types where PV can be included in the building. Building applied/attached PV(BAPV) indicates that the PV system is added/attached or applied to a building, whereas, building integrated PV (BIPV) illustrates the concept of replacing the traditional building envelop, such as window, wall, roof by PV. In India, applying PV on a building is growing due to India’s solar mission target for 2022. In 2015, through Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission, India targeted to achieve 100 GW PV power of which 40 GW will be acquired from roof-integrated PV by 2022. By the end of December 2019, India achieved 33.7 GW total installed PV power. Also, green/zero energy/and sustainable buildings are gaining significance in India due to rapid urbanization. However, BIPV system is rarely used in India which is likely due to a lack of government support and public awareness. This work reviewed the status of BIPV/BAPV system in India. The BIPV window system can probably be the suitable BIPV product for Indian context to reduce the building’s HVAC load.
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Zhao, Yong, Zilong Yang, Yibo Wang, and Ying Zhang. "Mechanism Analysis of PCC Harmonic Resonance Based on Nonlinear Self-Oscillation Concept in a High-Power Grid-Tied Photovoltaic Plant." Applied Sciences 8, no. 9 (September 1, 2018): 1507. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app8091507.
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With the high penetration of photovoltaic systems, the interaction between grid-tied inverters and line impedances results in harmonic resonance at point of common coupling (PCC) in high-power photovoltaic (PV) plants. Thus far, most publications have reported about this issue from a theoretical perspective, and there is no field verification in a real PV plant. To fill this gap, field waveforms are captured in a high-power PV plant to figure out the mechanism of the harmonic resonance phenomenon. This paper, for the first time, presents a nonlinear self-oscillation concept to clarify the mechanism of the harmonic resonance in a high-power PV plant. The field harmonic measurement of a grid-tied PV plant is carried out. The analysis of harmonic spectra and current distributions in a photovoltaic plant shows that these harmonic characteristics are different from the signals generated by the resonances of PV inverter output filters. The correlation of frequency, phase sequence and amplitude show that the different harmonics at PCC are generated by the same source inside PV inverters. Based on the comparison of PCC harmonics with periodic steady-state outputs of nonlinear systems, the nonlinear self-oscillation concept is proposed to clarify the mechanism of the harmonic resonance in a high-power PV plant. The tests in field and signal analysis verify the effectiveness of the proposed method and solution.
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Nebey, Abraham Hizkiel, Biniyam Zemene Taye, and Tewodros Gera Workineh. "Site Suitability Analysis of Solar PV Power Generation in South Gondar, Amhara Region." Journal of Energy 2020 (May 13, 2020): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3519257.
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The Ethiopian government looked towards renewable energy resources to generate electrical power for the current demand of the country. 85% of the total population of the country lives in rural areas and uses fossil fuel for their domestic uses. Using fossil fuel poses a danger for users and the environment. And the government of Ethiopia planned to electrify 85% of the rural community with abundant available renewable resources around the community. Therefore, identifying potential locations for solar PV with GIS is a decision support tool for proposing suitable sites to the government. The solar PV suitability analysis provides optimal locations for solar PV power plant installations. To find suitable locations for solar PV, factors that affect suitability were identified and weighted using analytical hierarchy processes. Then, the weighted values and reclassified values were multiplied together to produce the final suitability map for solar PV. Due to site unsuitability, solar PV generation efficiency drops and may malfunction. By identifying the most suitable locations, a solar PV power plant is optimally located. Therefore, the objective of this study was to find the most suitable sites in the South Gondar Zone for generating power from solar PV. The suitability of the study area for a solar PV power plant is 86.5%. Eighty-six (86%) of the criteria considered in the study area were found to be suitable for optimal location of solar PV power plant. Most of the suitable areas were found in the western part of the zone. The nature of topography is a key factor in generating solar energy; it affects the solar irradiance coming to the solar PV panel surface.
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Wang, Yi Feng. "Discussion on Asset-Backed Securitization of PV Power Plants." Advanced Materials Research 960-961 (June 2014): 1536–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.960-961.1536.
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At present, it universally exists that the financing problem confronts photovoltaic (PV) power plant construction in our country. The PV power plant construction in industry falls into the capital-intensive enterprises with the feature of long-time development, substantial investment needed but relatively fixed income. Thereby, it is greatly appropriate for solar securitization to address the financing needs of the industry with its characteristic and realize diversified financing channels. In this paper, firstly, the feasibility and necessity of ABS financing for PV industry is discussed. Then, we elaborate the current four construction modes of PV power plant, namely, transfer of beneficial interest of power charge, credit increment of financing platform company, BOT (build-operate-transfer), and financing leasing, according to which the financial institution designs the asset-backed securities supported by the beneficial interest of the power plant. Further, we analyze the main problems and challenges of carrying out the ABS business. Countermeasures and suggestion ns are put forward finally.
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Zidane, Tekai Eddine Khalil, Mohd Rafi Adzman, Mohammad Faridun Naim Tajuddin, Samila Mat Zali, Ali Durusu, and Saad Mekhilef. "Optimal Design of Photovoltaic Power Plant Using Hybrid Optimisation: A Case of South Algeria." Energies 13, no. 11 (June 1, 2020): 2776. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13112776.
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Considering the recent drop (up to 86%) in photovoltaic (PV) module prices from 2010 to 2017, many countries have shown interest in investing in PV plants to meet their energy demand. In this study, a detailed design methodology is presented to achieve high benefits with low installation, maintenance and operation costs of PV plants. This procedure includes in detail the semi-hourly average time meteorological data from the location to maximise the accuracy and detailed characteristics of different PV modules and inverters. The minimum levelised cost of energy (LCOE) and maximum annual energy are the objective functions in this proposed procedure, whereas the design variables are the number of series and parallel PV modules, the number of PV module lines per row, tilt angle and orientation, inter-row space, PV module type, and inverter structure. The design problem was solved using a recent hybrid algorithm, namely, the grey wolf optimiser-sine cosine algorithm. The high performance for LCOE-based design optimisation in economic terms with lower installation, maintenance and operation costs than that resulting from the use of maximum annual energy objective function by 12%. Moreover, sensitivity analysis showed that the PV plant performance can be improved by decreasing the PV module annual reduction coefficient.
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Eth, Oudaya, Bundhit Eua-Arporn, Surachai Chaitusaney, and Tu Van Dao. "Minimization of Voltage Deviation by Considering Active Power Change of Solar PV Plant." Applied Mechanics and Materials 781 (August 2015): 304–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.781.304.
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For grid-connected photovoltaic systems, voltage profile is one of the most important issues to consider when the active power from PV plant changes because of variation of sunlight or night time. This paper proposes a method to calculate the optimal reactive power from solar PV plant to minimize voltage deviation when active power of one PV plant changes. By injecting of optimal reactive power, the voltage profile of all buses will be improved. The IEEE 33 bus system is selected to analyse the voltage deviation in various conditions [1].
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Bamisile, Olusola, Foyin Olubiyo, Mustafa Dagbasi, Humphrey Adun, and Ifeoluwa Wole-Osho. "Economic Analysis and Performance of PV Plants: An Application in Kurdistan Region of Iraq." International Journal of Renewable Energy Development 8, no. 3 (October 2, 2019): 293–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijred.8.3.293-301.
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In this study, photovoltaic (PV) technology development over the years is reviewed. The use of PV power plants to solve inadequate power supply in Kurdistan is also analysed. PV power application is one of the most developed renewable energy applications but still not commercialized in somw countries. In this paper, three different locations will be evaluated in Kurdistan for PV plant installation. The research will investigate the best location for PV plant installation in Kurdistan, check the viability of the proposed plants and compare the performance of a fixed and a double axis tracking system. A 10 MW PV plant is developed and simulated based on economic terms. The results from the analysis shows that the simple payback period for a 10 MW PV plant in all the locations considered is between 6.8 and 7.2 years. Also, the installation with two-axis tracking system gave the lowest simple payback period (6.8 years). The PV plant is viable considering other economic indicators like; IRR, NPV, annual life cycle savings and BCR. The yearly savings of the system for one of the locations considered is US$1,573,327 with a dual axis tracking system. ©2019. CBIORE-IJRED. All rights reserved
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Zhou, Niancheng, and Jizhong Zhu. "Voltage Assessment in Distributed Network with Photovoltaic Plant." ISRN Renewable Energy 2011 (November 16, 2011): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2011/520278.
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This paper presents an approach to analyze the steady-state voltage change in distributed network with or without connection of Photovoltaic (PV) plant. Several scenarios are discussed: the voltage drop of distribution feeders with or without PV plant; the voltage impact in distributed network with different weather conditions; the impacts of PV power plant capacity on the voltage. A practical distribution system with PV plant in China is used for simulation. The results and analysis are reported.
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Dokur, Emrah. "Swarm Decomposition Technique Based Hybrid Model for Very Short-Term Solar PV Power Generation Forecast." Elektronika ir Elektrotechnika 26, no. 3 (June 27, 2020): 79–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.eie.26.3.25898.
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Accurate predictions of solar photovoltaic (PV) power generation at different time horizons are essential for reliable operation of energy management systems. The output power of a PV power plant is dependent on non-linear and intermittent environmental factors, such as solar irradiance, wind speed, relative humidity, etc. Intermittency and randomness of solar PV power effect precision of estimation. To address the challenge, this paper presents a Swarm Decomposition Technique (SWD) based hybrid model as a novel approach for very short-term (15 min) solar PV power generation forecast. The original contribution of the study is to investigate use of SWD for solar data forecast. The solar PV power generation data with hourly resolution obtained from the field (grid connected, 857.08 kWp Akgul Solar PV Power Plant in Turkey) are used to develop and validate the forecast model. Specifically, the analysis showed that the hybrid model with SWD technique provides highly accurate predictions in cloudy periods.
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Gaevskii, A., and D. Diomin. "INFLUENCE OF SOLAR PANELS TILT ANGLE AND GROUND COVER RATIO ON PV PLANT PERFORMANCE." Alternative Energy and Ecology (ISJAEE), no. 25-30 (December 7, 2018): 12–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.15518/isjaee.2018.25-30.012-024.
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One of the main factors affecting the photovoltaic (PV) plant power is the self-shading from adjacent rows of solar panels. Due to the peculiarities of the electric connections of photovoltaic cells in PV modules and the presence of bypass diodes, the partial shading is capable of significantly decreasing the PV plant power at certain times of the day. The partial shading of solar panels effects in different ways on the energy production in cases of the vertical placement of PV modules in the panel’s frame (portrait mounting) and the horizontal placement of PV modules (landscape mounting). This work presents a novel analytical approach for determining of the inter-row shading effect on the large PV plant efficiency which is applicable for any seasonal period of PV operation. The initial data for calculations are the hourly generation of shaded and fully illuminated solar panels. On the base of these data, we have calculated the power factor that describes the dependence of the module's electrical power on the shading degree. The power factor is used to determine the amount of radiation entering the panel’s tilted surface during each day of the operation period. The long-term meteorological data for the main radiation components and one of the known anisotropic radiation model are necessary for these calculations. The main calculations result is the distribution maps for the average daily energy output which first proposed in our work. These maps have the form of contour graphs which build in the coordinates “the ground cover ratio – the tilt angle” as construction parameters. Using this maps one can find the optimal ratios of these parameters for two types of optimization problems: (1) ensure the maximum possible output under given installed PV power and (2) the determination of the most rational use of a land plot for PV plant, i.e. the obtaining of maximum PV production per unit of land area. The advantage of the analytical approach is that it allows scaling to large PV systems without increasing the computation time. As examples, the paper performs the optimization calculations based on the monitoring output data for the commercial PV plant located in Germany and on the experimental partial shading data in Odessa region.
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Guo, Xiaoqiang, Ran He, and Mehdi Narimani. "Modeling and Analysis of New Multilevel Inverter for Solar Photovoltaic Power Plant." International Journal of Photoenergy 2016 (2016): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4063167.
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Solar photovoltaic (PV) power plant is an effective way to utilize the renewable energy sources. EMI is one of the major concerns in PV power plant. Typically, the multilevel inverters are used in high voltage PV power plant. However, the conventional multilevel inverters require more semiconductors, which complicate the circuit structure and control algorithm. In this paper, a novel five-level inverter is introduced for the high voltage PV power plant applications. The model of the inverter is analyzed. With the redundant switching states, a new modulation strategy is proposed to reduce the common-mode voltage and EMI. The proposed approach is able to eliminate the common-mode voltage; meanwhile it has the capability of balancing the capacitor voltages. The cosimulation tests with the Matlab/Simulink and S-function are carried out. The results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
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Khortsriwong, Nonthawat, Promphak Boonraksa, Terapong Boonraksa, Thipwan Fangsuwannarak, Asada Boonsrirat, Watcharakorn Pinthurat, and Boonruang Marungsri. "Performance of Deep Learning Techniques for Forecasting PV Power Generation: A Case Study on a 1.5 MWp Floating PV Power Plant." Energies 16, no. 5 (February 22, 2023): 2119. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16052119.
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Recently, deep learning techniques have become popular and are widely employed in several research areas, such as optimization, pattern recognition, object identification, and forecasting, due to the advanced development of computer programming technologies. A significant number of renewable energy sources (RESs) as environmentally friendly sources, especially solar photovoltaic (PV) sources, have been integrated into modern power systems. However, the PV source is highly fluctuating and difficult to predict accurately for short-term PV output power generation, leading to ineffective system planning and affecting energy security. Compared to conventional predictive approaches, such as linear regression, predictive-based deep learning methods are promising in predicting short-term PV power generation with high accuracy. This paper investigates the performance of several well-known deep learning techniques to forecast short-term PV power generation in the real-site floating PV power plant of 1.5 MWp capacity at Suranaree University of Technology Hospital, Thailand. The considered deep learning techniques include single models (RNN, CNN, LSTM, GRU, BiLSTM, and BiGRU) and hybrid models (CNN-LSTM, CNN-BiLSTM, CNN-GRU, and CNN-BiGRU). Five-minute resolution data from the real floating PV power plant is used to train and test the deep learning models. Accuracy indices of MAE, MAPE, and RMSE are applied to quantify errors between actual and forecasted values obtained from the different deep learning techniques. The obtained results show that, with the same training dataset, the performance of the deep learning models differs when testing under different weather conditions and time horizons. The CNN-BiGRU model offers the best performance for one-day PV forecasting, while the BiLSTM model is the most preferable for one-week PV forecasting.
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Grover, Ashish, Anita Khosla, and Dheeraj Joshi. "Design and simulation of 20MW photovoltaic power plant using PVSyst." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 19, no. 1 (July 1, 2020): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v19.i1.pp58-65.
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<p>This paper deeply explains the analysis through simulation and sizing of grid connected photovoltaic plant of 20MW for the site Devdurga, Karnataka India with use of PV syst software tool. Primarily, the trajectories the behavior of grid tied photovoltaic system at a particular location. It gives results for the geographical position taken by maps for avoiding the oversizing or under sizing of the systems which projects the installation with very much realistic conditions. The projected area is of about 110 acres would generate 44854 MWh/year for a 20MW PV system, with a performance ratio of 76.28%.Loss fraction taken for simulation and sizing is 2%.The paper also includes the study and behavior of the system with tilt and orientation of the PV Panel which gives better simulation results at similar latitudes for any feasible sizing.</p>
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ŚWIDERSKI, Mariusz. "Solar Power Plant with Distributed System of PV Panels." PRZEGLĄD ELEKTROTECHNICZNY 1, no. 2 (February 5, 2019): 57–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.15199/48.2019.02.11.
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Pujan Jaiswal, Shiva, Vivek Shrivastava, and Shashank Singh. "Economic Viability Solar PV Power Plant in Distribution System." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 594 (September 16, 2019): 012010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/594/1/012010.
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Bhargavi, Paidi, Pitta Rupa, Kuppa Yamuna, Nakka Leela Deborah, and Anand Gondesi. "300 KW Grid Connected Rooftop Solar PV Power Plant." Journal of Advances in Electrical Devices 8, no. 1 (May 8, 2023): 23–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.46610/jaed.2023.v08i01.002.
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With the intent of reducing carbon footprints on the energy used for a Commercial unit in Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India has considered going with a 300KW Solar PV Power Plant connected to Grid with a Grid Intertie Inverter to convert generated DC power from Solar to AC Power. Thus, the latest Photovoltaic Technology called Mono facial has been used with a 550Wp PV Module has been utilized to generate desired energy from the system. The goal of this project is to demonstrate the feasibility of solar power as a reliable source of clean energy, and to contribute to the transition towards a more sustainable energy system. The proposed plant is at a location in Resapuvanipalem, Dwarakanagar, Visakhapatnam District with 15 Deg Fixed tilt and detailed aspects of Engineering, procurement and construction were considered to generate a minimum 14000KWh per year and the same is captured within this paper.
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Pavlovic, Tomislav, Dragana Milosavljevic, Aleksandar Radivojevic, and Mila Pavlovic. "Comparison and assessment of electricity generation capacity for different types of PV solar plants of 1MW in Soko banja, Serbia." Thermal Science 15, no. 3 (2011): 605–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci110322065p.
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This paper gives the results of the electricity generated by the fixed, one-axis and dual-axis tracking PV solar plant of 1 MW with flat PV panels made of monocrystalline silicon which is to be built in the area of Soko banja (spa in Serbia). Further on follows a description of the functioning of the fixed and one-axis and dual-axis tracking PV solar plant. For the calculation of the electricity generated by these plants PVGIS program from the Internet was used. Calculations have shown that fixed PV solar plant power of 1 MW, solar modules of monocrystalline silicon yield 1130000 kWh power output, one-axis tracking PV solar plant yields 1420000 kWh, and dual-axis tracking PV solar plant yields 1450000 kWh of electricity. Electricity generated by the fixed PV solar plant could satisfy 86% of the annual needs for the electricity of the ?Zdravljak? hotel and the special ?Novi stacionar? hospital in Soko banja.