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Doss, A. "DTS 5.1 and DFS." Clinical Radiology 57, no. 9 (September 2002): 861. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/crad.2002.1084.
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Li, Yiqiang, and Junrong Liu. "Distributed FiberOptic Sensing for Hydraulic-Fracturing Monitoring and Diagnostics." E3S Web of Conferences 118 (2019): 02046. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911802046.
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Fiber-optic sensing (FOS) are an emerging technology in hydraulic fracture diagnosis. Fiber-optic sensing technologies mainly include distributed temperature sensing (DTS) and distributed sound sensing (DAS). During hydraulic fracturing, the perforation cluster efficiency for cemented plug and perforation (PnP) wells, points of fracture initiation for packer and sleeve (PnS), and fluid channelling between fractured intervals caused by either tubular or annular leaks could be quantitatively evaluated by DTS data. Combined with DAS data, fluid distributions for each fracturing stage along the entire horizontal wellbore could be obtained. The roles of DTS and DAS in different hydraulic fracture stages are comprehensively analyzed in this paper. It provides a guidance for application of FOs in oil industry.
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Falkowski, Bogdan J., and Radomir S. Stanković. "Spectral Interpretation and Applications of Decision Diagrams." VLSI Design 11, no. 2 (January 1, 2000): 85–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2000/95282.
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Different Decision Diagrams (DDs) for representation of discrete functions are discussed. DDs can be derived by applying some reduction rules to Decision Trees (DTs) which in turn are graphical representations of some function expressions for discrete functions. Various DTs and their generalizations based on lesser known AND-EXOR rather than AND-OR expressions are surveyed. Finally, the concept of spectral interpretation of DDs and some of their applications and ways of calculation are also presented.
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Sinnett, Gregory, Kristen A. Davis, Andrew J. Lucas, Sarah N. Giddings, Emma Reid, Madeleine E. Harvey, and Ian Stokes. "Distributed Temperature Sensing for Oceanographic Applications." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 37, no. 11 (November 2020): 1987–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech-d-20-0066.1.
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AbstractDistributed temperature sensing (DTS) uses Raman scatter from laser light pulsed through an optical fiber to observe temperature along a cable. Temperature resolution across broad scales (seconds to many months, and centimeters to kilometers) make DTS an attractive oceanographic tool. Although DTS is an established technology, oceanographic DTS observations are rare since significant deployment, calibration, and operational challenges exist in dynamic oceanographic environments. Here, results from an experiment designed to address likely oceanographic DTS configuration, calibration, and data processing challenges provide guidance for oceanographic DTS applications. Temperature error due to suboptimal calibration under difficult deployment conditions is quantified for several common scenarios. Alternative calibration, analysis, and deployment techniques that help mitigate this error and facilitate successful DTS application in dynamic ocean conditions are discussed.
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Schaich, Anja, Diana Braakmann, Mirco Rogg, Clara Meine, Julia Ambrosch, Nele Assmann, Stefan Borgwardt, Ulrich Schweiger, and Eva Fassbinder. "How do patients with borderline personality disorder experience Distress Tolerance Skills in the context of dialectical behavioral therapy?—A qualitative study." PLOS ONE 16, no. 6 (June 15, 2021): e0252403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0252403.
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Distress Tolerance Skills (DTS) are an important component of Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT), a therapy method frequently used for treating patients with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). However, little is known about how DTS-training is experienced by individuals with BPD. The aim of this study was to explore BPD patients’ experiences with receiving DTS-training. Qualitative data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 24 individuals (87.5% females) with a primary diagnosis of BPD who received DTS-training in the context of 18 months of DBT treatment. Interview data were analyzed following the procedures of qualitative content analysis. Participants reported various effects of DTS including an immediate reduction of tension. Patients perceived DTS as a tool to cope with difficult interpersonal situations and emergencies and stated that this helped them to feel stable, safe and self-confident. Patients reported difficulties during the initial engagement, the learning process and the application of DTS as well as various facilitating factors. Implications of the findings for further research and for optimizing DTS-training in clinical practice are discussed.
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Sahal, Radhya, Saeed H. Alsamhi, Kenneth N. Brown, Donna O’Shea, Conor McCarthy, and Mohsen Guizani. "Blockchain-Empowered Digital Twins Collaboration: Smart Transportation Use Case." Machines 9, no. 9 (September 9, 2021): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines9090193.
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Digital twins (DTs) is a promising technology in the revolution of the industry and essential for Industry 4.0. DTs play a vital role in improving distributed manufacturing, providing up-to-date operational data representation of physical assets, supporting decision-making, and avoiding the potential risks in distributed manufacturing systems. Furthermore, DTs need to collaborate within distributed manufacturing systems to predict the risks and reach consensus-based decision-making. However, DTs collaboration suffers from single failure due to attack and connection in a centralized manner, data interoperability, authentication, and scalability. To overcome the above challenges, we have discussed the major high-level requirements for the DTs collaboration. Then, we have proposed a conceptual framework to fulfill the DTs collaboration requirements by using the combination of blockchain, predictive analysis techniques, and DTs technologies. The proposed framework aims to empower more intelligence DTs based on blockchain technology. In particular, we propose a concrete ledger-based collaborative DTs framework that focuses on real-time operational data analytics and distributed consensus algorithms. Furthermore, we describe how the conceptual framework can be applied using smart transportation system use cases, i.e., smart logistics and railway predictive maintenance. Finally, we highlighted the future direction to guide interested researchers in this interesting area.
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Ebbeling, L., C. Robertson, A. McNicol, and JM Gerrard. "Rapid ultrastructural changes in the dense tubular system following platelet activation." Blood 80, no. 3 (August 1, 1992): 718–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v80.3.718.718.
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Abstract The dense tubular system (DTS) functions to regulate platelet activation by sequestering or releasing calcium, similar to the sarcotubules of skeletal muscle. In resting platelets, the DTS exists as thin elongated membranes. Within 10 seconds of the addition of thrombin, platelets show a major ultrastructural change in their DTS: from the thin elongated form to a rounded vesicular form. These morphologic changes were demonstrated with two different stains and two different fixation methods. Platelets exposed to the calcium ionophore A23187 showed the same ultrastructural changes in the DTS. In contrast, the DTS remains in a thin elongated form when platelets are stimulated by the protein kinase C activators phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and oleoylacetylglycerol (OAG). These morphologic changes may be related to the discharge of calcium from the DTS because this is stimulated by thrombin and A23187, but not by PMA. Preincubation of the platelets with the intracellular calcium chelator 5,5′-dimethyl-bis-(0- aminophenoxy)-ethane-N,N,N′,N tetra acetic acid (BAPTA) largely prevented both the thrombin-induced rise in intracellular calcium and the changes in DTS morphology, suggesting that the changes in DTS morphology are secondary to the increase in cytosolic calcium. The results provide a morphologic correlate to existing biochemical evidence showing that the DTS is involved early during paltelet activation.
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Ebbeling, L., C. Robertson, A. McNicol, and JM Gerrard. "Rapid ultrastructural changes in the dense tubular system following platelet activation." Blood 80, no. 3 (August 1, 1992): 718–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v80.3.718.bloodjournal803718.
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The dense tubular system (DTS) functions to regulate platelet activation by sequestering or releasing calcium, similar to the sarcotubules of skeletal muscle. In resting platelets, the DTS exists as thin elongated membranes. Within 10 seconds of the addition of thrombin, platelets show a major ultrastructural change in their DTS: from the thin elongated form to a rounded vesicular form. These morphologic changes were demonstrated with two different stains and two different fixation methods. Platelets exposed to the calcium ionophore A23187 showed the same ultrastructural changes in the DTS. In contrast, the DTS remains in a thin elongated form when platelets are stimulated by the protein kinase C activators phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and oleoylacetylglycerol (OAG). These morphologic changes may be related to the discharge of calcium from the DTS because this is stimulated by thrombin and A23187, but not by PMA. Preincubation of the platelets with the intracellular calcium chelator 5,5′-dimethyl-bis-(0- aminophenoxy)-ethane-N,N,N′,N tetra acetic acid (BAPTA) largely prevented both the thrombin-induced rise in intracellular calcium and the changes in DTS morphology, suggesting that the changes in DTS morphology are secondary to the increase in cytosolic calcium. The results provide a morphologic correlate to existing biochemical evidence showing that the DTS is involved early during paltelet activation.
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Manzoor, Bilal, Idris Othman, and Juan Carlos Pomares. "Digital Technologies in the Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) Industry—A Bibliometric—Qualitative Literature Review of Research Activities." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 11 (June 6, 2021): 6135. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18116135.
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Digital technologies (DTs) are proven helpful in the Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) industry due to their varied benefits to project stakeholders, such as enhanced visualization, better data sharing, reduction in building waste, increased productivity, sustainable performance and safety improvement. Therefore, researchers have conducted various studies on DTs in the AEC industry over the year; however, this study explores the state-of-the-art research on DTs in the AEC industry by means of a bibliometric-qualitative review method. This research would uncover new knowledge gaps and practical needs in the domain of DTs in the AEC industry. In addition, bibliometric analysis was carried out by utilizing academic publications from Scopus (i.e., 11,047 publications for the AEC industry, 1956 for DTs and 1778 for DTs in the AEC industry). Furthermore, a qualitative review was further conducted on 200 screened selected research publications in the domain of DTs. This study brings attention to the body of knowledge by envisioning trends and patterns by defining key research interests, journals, countries, new advancements, challenges, negative attitudes and future directions towards DTs in the AEC industry. However, this study is the first in its vital importance and uniqueness by providing a broad updated review of DTs in the AEC literature. Furthermore, this research laid a foundation for future researchers, policy makers and practitioners to explore the limitations in future research.
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You, Binsheng, Yanhao Cheng, Jian Zhang, Qimin Song, Chao Dai, Xueyuan Heng, and Chang Fei. "Application of contrast-enhanced T1-weighted MRI-based 3D reconstruction of the dural tail sign in meningioma resection." Journal of Neurosurgery 125, no. 1 (July 2016): 46–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2015.5.jns142510.
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OBJECT The goal of this study was to investigate the significance of contrast-enhanced T1-weighted (T1W) MRI-based 3D reconstruction of dural tail sign (DTS) in meningioma resection. METHODS Between May 2013 and August 2014, 18 cases of convexity and parasagittal meningiomas showing DTS on contrast-enhanced T1W MRI were selected. Contrast-enhanced T1W MRI-based 3D reconstruction of DTS was conducted before surgical treatment. The vertical and anteroposterior diameters of DTS on the contrast-enhanced T1W MR images and 3D reconstruction images were measured and compared. Surgical incisions were designed by referring to the 3D reconstruction and MR images, and then the efficiency of the 2 methods was evaluated with assistance of neuronavigation. RESULTS Three-dimensional reconstruction of DTS can reveal its overall picture. In most cases, the DTS around the tumor is uneven, whereas the DTS around the dural vessels presents longer extensions. There was no significant difference (p > 0.05) between the vertical and anteroposterior diameters of DTS measured on the contrast-enhanced T1W MR and 3D reconstruction images. The 3D images of DTS were more intuitive, and the overall picture of DTS could be revealed in 1 image, which made it easier to design the incision than by using the MR images. Meanwhile, assessment showed that the incisions designed using 3D images were more accurate than those designed using MR images (ridit analysis by SAS, F = 7.95; p = 0.008). Pathological examination showed that 34 dural specimens (except 2 specimens from 1 tumor) displayed tumor invasion. The distance of tumor cell invasion was 1.0–21.6 mm (5.4 ± 4.41 mm [mean ± SD]). Tumor cell invasion was not observed at the dural resection margin in all 36 specimens. CONCLUSIONS Contrast-enhanced T1W MRI-based 3D reconstruction can intuitively and accurately reveal the size and shape of DTS, and thus provides guidance for designing meningioma incisions.
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Yu, Naihui, and Jianzhong Shang. "A Uniform Method of Mechanical Disturbance Torque Measurement and Reduction for the Seeker Gimbal in the Assembly Process." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2017 (2017): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/2179503.
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In the manufacturing process of seekers, the reduction of disturbance torques (DTs) is a critical but time-consuming work. The innovation of the paper is to present a uniform method to measure and reduce mechanical DTs during gimbal’s assembly process. Firstly, the relationships between assembly parameters and DTs are established and analyzed by theoretical model. And then, a measuring system is established to measure the driven torque of the gimbal’s torque motor. With the goal of stabilizing and minimizing the driven torque, all assembly parameters relating to DTs could be adjusted. Through the proof of a lot of experiments, this proposed method could reduce the bias and fluctuation of these mechanical DTs. This method could also be used for the mechanical DTs reduction of most similar productions and improve the quality and efficiency during their system assembly process.
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Lim, Kimin, Seung Yeon Lee, Kihyung Song, G. D. Sharma, and Jaejung Ko. "Synthesis and properties of low bandgap star molecules TPA-[DTS-PyBTTh3]3 and DMM-TPA[DTS-PyBTTh3]3 for solution-processed bulk heterojunction organic solar cells." J. Mater. Chem. C 2, no. 39 (2014): 8412–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4tc01495b.
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Two symmetrical planar star shaped organic small molecules TPA[DTS-PyBTTh3]3 (1) and DMM-TPA[DTS-PyBTTh3]3 (2) with TPA and fused TPA core donors, respectively, and three branched DTS-PyBTTh3 units were synthesized and characterized.
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Liu, Lumei, Sayali Dharmadhikari, Kimberly M. Shontz, Zheng Hong Tan, Barak M. Spector, Brooke Stephens, Maxwell Bergman, et al. "Regeneration of partially decellularized tracheal scaffolds in a mouse model of orthotopic tracheal replacement." Journal of Tissue Engineering 12 (January 2021): 204173142110174. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20417314211017417.
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Decellularized tracheal scaffolds offer a potential solution for the repair of long-segment tracheal defects. However, complete decellularization of trachea is complicated by tracheal collapse. We created a partially decellularized tracheal scaffold (DTS) and characterized regeneration in a mouse model of tracheal transplantation. All cell populations except chondrocytes were eliminated from DTS. DTS maintained graft integrity as well as its predominant extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. We then assessed the performance of DTS in vivo. Grafts formed a functional epithelium by study endpoint (28 days). While initial chondrocyte viability was low, this was found to improve in vivo. We then used atomic force microscopy to quantify micromechanical properties of DTS, demonstrating that orthotopic implantation and graft regeneration lead to the restoration of native tracheal rigidity. We conclude that DTS preserves the cartilage ECM, supports neo-epithelialization, endothelialization and chondrocyte viability, and can serve as a potential solution for long-segment tracheal defects.
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Zhang, Zhen Peng, Shao Xin Meng, Jian Kang Zhao, and Wen Bin Rao. "Test Method for Verification Power Cable DTS System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 543-547 (March 2014): 621–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.543-547.621.
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The verification test method on DTS system for power cable conductor-temperature calculation accuracy is described in this paper. The DTS temperature measure accuracy and positional accuracy are tests firstly. During the test a power cable laying in tunnel and applying different load currents ,the conductor-temperature measured value and the DTS system calculated value were compared. Testing process are employs the T-type thermocouple for conductor-temperature measure. DTS system calculates the conductor-temperature according to load current, over-sheath temperature etc. The difference between measured and calculated value were analyzed and compared, that was used for verify the accuracy of the power cable conductor temperature calculated by the DTS system.
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Kasahara, Toshihiko, Akira Miyauchi, Takumi Kudo, Eijun Nishihara, Mitsuru Ito, Yasuhiro Ito, Minoru Kihara, and Akihiro Miya. "Spontaneous Slowing and Regressing of Tumor Growth in Childhood/Adolescent Papillary Thyroid Carcinomas Suggested by the Postoperative Thyroglobulin-Doubling Time." Journal of Thyroid Research 2018 (2018): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/6470251.
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Background. Children and adolescents with papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs) have generally excellent prognoses despite their frequent extended disease. The tumor growth of young patients’ PTCs might show spontaneous slowing postoperatively. We compared young PTC patients’ postoperative thyroglobulin-doubling time (Tg-DT) with their preoperative hypothetical tumor volume-doubling time (hTV-DT). Methods. Fourteen PTC patients aged ≤18 years who underwent total thyroidectomy at Kuma Hospital in 1998–2016 had biochemically persistent disease postoperatively. We calculated their Tg-DTs and estimated their preoperative TV-DTs with the tumor size and the patient’s age at surgery, presuming that a single cancer cell was present at the patient’s birth. Results. Twelve patients had positive Tg-DTs ranging from 2.0 to 147 years, and the remaining two had negative Tg-DTs, indicating slow growth or even regression. The hTV-DTs were 0.3–0.6 years (median 0.5 years), which were significantly shorter than the Tg-DTs (p<0.001), indicating much faster growth preoperatively. The analyses of the nine patients without radioactive iodine administration (RAI) gave similar results (p<0.01). Conclusions. Irrespective of RAI, the patients’ postoperative Tg-DTs were significantly longer than their preoperative hTV-DTs and were negative values in two patients, indicating that the growth of these young patients’ PTCs had spontaneously slowed or even regressed postoperatively.
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Hu, Shaolin, Shihua Wang, Naiquan Su, Xiwu Li, and Qinghua Zhang. "Digital twin based reference architecture for petrochemical monitoring and fault diagnosis." Oil & Gas Science and Technology – Revue d’IFP Energies nouvelles 76 (2021): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2516/ogst/2020095.
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The whole process of the petrochemical industry involves flammable and explosive dangerous goods. The timely discovery of abnormalities or failures in the petrochemical process is crucial to ensure production safety. This paper sets up the approach to build the Digital Twin System (DTs) of a petrochemical process. Specifically, we decompose the petrochemical process into five levels one by one and build a digital twin plug-in for each component of the component layers, and then inversely decouple the process to assemble the DTs layer by layer. As a specific experimental example, the characteristic DTs is proposed to build modules of temperature field and pressure field and flow field, these DT modules are driven by practical industrial sampling data from cracking furnace, and three characteristic DTS modules stated above are integrated to form DTS. Based on the digital twin technology and DTs, we propose the logical structure of chemical process status monitoring and fault diagnosis in detail, which improves the safety and controllability of the petrochemical process.
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Schilperoort, Bart, Miriam Coenders-Gerrits, Willem Luxemburg, César Jiménez Rodríguez, César Cisneros Vaca, and Hubert Savenije. "Technical note: Using distributed temperature sensing for Bowen ratio evaporation measurements." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 22, no. 1 (January 30, 2018): 819–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-819-2018.
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Abstract. Rapid improvements in the precision and spatial resolution of distributed temperature sensing (DTS) technology now allow its use in hydrological and atmospheric sciences. Introduced by ) is the use of DTS for measuring the Bowen ratio (BR-DTS), to estimate the sensible and latent heat flux. The Bowen ratio is derived from DTS-measured vertical profiles of the air temperature and wet-bulb temperature. However, in previous research the measured temperatures were not validated, and the cables were not shielded from solar radiation. Additionally, the BR-DTS method has not been tested above a forest before, where temperature gradients are small and energy storage in the air column becomes important. In this paper the accuracy of the wet-bulb and air temperature measurements of the DTS are verified, and the resulting Bowen ratio and heat fluxes are compared to eddy covariance data. The performance of BR-DTS was tested on a 46 m high tower in a mixed forest in the centre of the Netherlands in August 2016. The average tree height is 26 to 30 m, and the temperatures are measured below, in, and above the canopy. Using the vertical temperature profiles the storage of latent and sensible heat in the air column was calculated. We found a significant effect of solar radiation on the temperature measurements, leading to a deviation of up to 3 K. By installing screens, the error caused by sunlight is reduced to under 1 K. Wind speed seems to have a minimal effect on the measured wet-bulb temperature, both below and above the canopy. After a simple quality control, the Bowen ratio measured by DTS correlates well with eddy covariance (EC) estimates (r2 = 0.59). The average energy balance closure between BR-DTS and EC is good, with a mean underestimation of 3.4 W m−2 by the BR-DTS method. However, during daytime the BR-DTS method overestimates the available energy, and during night-time the BR-DTS method estimates the available energy to be more negative. This difference could be related to the biomass heat storage, which is neglected in this study. The BR-DTS method overestimates the latent heat flux on average by 18.7 W m−2, with RMSE = 90 W m−2. The sensible heat flux is underestimated on average by 10.6 W m−2, with RMSE = 76 W m−2. Estimates of the BR-DTS can be improved once the uncertainties in the energy balance are reduced. However, applying, for example, Monin–Obukhov similarity theory could provide independent estimates for the sensible heat flux. This would make the determination of the highly uncertain and difficult to determine net available energy redundant.
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Na, Ji-Hoon, Heung-Dong Kim, and Young-Mock Lee. "Effective and safe diet therapies for Lennox-Gastaut syndrome with mitochondrial dysfunction." Therapeutic Advances in Neurological Disorders 13 (January 2020): 175628641989781. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1756286419897813.
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Background: Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS) is a typical intractable form of epilepsy that most often occurs between the second and sixth year of life. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of ketogenic diet therapies (DTs) for LGS with mitochondrial dysfunction. Methods: This was a retrospective study involving 20 LGS patients with mitochondrial dysfunction who received several DTs from 2004 to 2014 at a single tertiary care center. Seizure reduction rate, cognitive function, retention rate, electroencephalography (EEG) changes, and adverse effects were examined before and after DTs. Results: The retention rates at 1 and 2 years after initiation of DTs were 45% and 40%, respectively. After 1-year follow up, we observed seizure freedom in two patients, 75% seizure reduction in two patients, 50% reduction in three patients, and 25% reduction in one patient. After 2-year follow up, the outcomes were seizure freedom in two patients, 90% seizure reduction in one patient, 75% reduction in two patients, and 50% reduction in two patients. EEG findings improved in nine patients. Nine patients were treated with DTs for 1 year; all patients demonstrated improved cognitive status. Eight patients were treated with DTs for 2 years, of whom seven had improved cognitive status. Poor tolerability of DTs was due to poor oral intake and gastrointestinal problems. Conclusions: We demonstrate that, in LGS with mitochondrial dysfunction, improvement of seizures and cognitive function are not inferior to those in other patients treated with DTs. This study showed that DTs are efficacious and feasible for LGS patients with mitochondrial dysfunction and can significantly improve their prognosis.
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Ben Dor, Arik, Lev Dynkin, Jay Hyman, Patrick Houweling, Erik van Leeuwen, and Olaf Penninga. "DTS SM (Duration Times Spread)." Journal of Portfolio Management 33, no. 2 (January 31, 2007): 77–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3905/jpm.2007.674795.
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Denney, Dennis. "DTS Technology: Improving Acid Placement." Journal of Petroleum Technology 64, no. 06 (June 1, 2012): 96–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/0612-0096-jpt.
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White, Reed I. "DTS: a data transport standard." Computer Standards & Interfaces 6, no. 2 (January 1987): 275–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0920-5489(87)90069-9.
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Simon, Nataline, Olivier Bour, Nicolas Lavenant, Gilles Porel, Benoît Nauleau, Behzad Pouladi, and Laurent Longuevergne. "A Comparison of Different Methods to Estimate the Effective Spatial Resolution of FO-DTS Measurements Achieved during Sandbox Experiments." Sensors 20, no. 2 (January 20, 2020): 570. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20020570.
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For many environmental applications, the interpretation of fiber-optic Raman distributed temperature sensing (FO-DTS) measurements is strongly dependent on the spatial resolution of measurements, especially when the objective is to detect temperature variations over small scales. Here, we propose to compare three different and complementary methods to estimate, in practice, the “effective” spatial resolution of DTS measurements: The classical “90% step change” method, the correlation length estimated from experimental semivariograms, and the derivative method. The three methods were applied using FO-DTS measurements achieved during sandbox experiments using two DTS units having different spatial resolutions. Results show that the value of the spatial resolution estimated using a step change depends on both the effective spatial resolution of the DTS unit and on heat conduction induced by the high thermal conductivity of the cable. The correlation length method provides an estimate much closer to the value provided by the manufacturers, representative of the effective spatial resolutions along cable sections where temperature gradients are small or negligible. Thirdly, the application of the derivative method allows for verifying the representativeness of DTS measurements all along the cable, by localizing sections where measurements are representative of the effective temperature. We finally show that DTS measurements could be validated in sandbox experiments, when using devices with finer spatial resolution.
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Jakobsen, Lars, Evald H. Christiansen, Phillip Freeman, Johnny Kahlert, Karsten Veien, Michael Maeng, Bent Raungaard, et al. "Randomized Clinical Comparison of the Dual-Therapy CD34 Antibody-Covered Sirolimus-Eluting Combo Stent With the Sirolimus-Eluting Orsiro Stent in Patients Treated With Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: The SORT OUT X Trial." Circulation 143, no. 22 (June 2021): 2155–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/circulationaha.120.052766.
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Background: Target lesion failure remains an issue with contemporary drug-eluting stents. Thus, the dual-therapy sirolimus-eluting and CD34+ antibody–coated Combo stent (DTS) was designed to further improve early healing. This study aimed to investigate whether the DTS is noninferior to the sirolimus-eluting Orsiro stent (SES) in an all-comers patient population. Methods: The SORT OUT X (Combo Stent Versus Orsiro Stent) trial, was a large-scale, randomized, multicenter, single-blind, 2-arm, noninferiority trial with registry-based follow-up. The primary end point target lesion failure was a composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, or target lesion revascularization within 12 months, analyzed using intention-to-treat. The trial was powered for assessing target lesion failure noninferiority of the DTS compared with the SES with a predetermined noninferiority margin of 0.021. Results: A total of 3146 patients were randomized to treatment with the DTS (1578 patients; 2008 lesions) or SES (1568 patients; 1982 lesions). At 12 months, intention-to-treat analysis showed that 100 patients (6.3%) assigned the DTS and 58 patients (3.7%) assigned the SES met the primary end point (absolute risk difference, 2.6% [upper limit of 1-sided 95% CI, 4.1%]; P (noninferiority)=0.76). The SES was superior to the DTS (incidence rate ratios for target lesion failure, 1.74 [95% CI, 1.26–2.41]; P =0.00086). The difference was explained mainly by a higher incidence of target lesion revascularization in the DTS group compared with the SES group (53 [3.4%] vs. 24 [1.5%]; incidence rate ratio, 2.22 [95% CI, 1.37–3.61]; P =0.0012). Conclusions: The DTS did not confirm noninferiority to the SES for target lesion failure at 12 months in an all-comer population. The SES was superior to the DTS mainly because the DTS was associated with an increased risk of target lesion revascularization. However, rates of death, cardiac death, and myocardial infarction at 12 months did not differ significantly between the 2 stent groups. Registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov ; Unique identifier: NCT03216733.
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de Sousa, Cleydiane Lima, and Arilo Claudio Dias Neto. "Identificando e Avaliando Dívidas Técnicas no Processo de Testes de Software." Singular Engenharia, Tecnologia e Gestão 1, no. 2 (October 19, 2019): 33–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.33911/singular-etg.v1i2.63.
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Dívida Técnica (DT) está relacionada a tarefas que devem ser executadas e são acumuladas ao longo de um projeto para serem realizadas posteriormente. DTs não solucionadas tendem a criar dependências e aumentar o grau de complexidade para correção, resultando em maior esforço, custo e retrabalho em um projeto. A sua identificação e gerenciamento ao longo de um projeto é essencial para minimizar seu impacto e consequências negativas. Estudos apontam teste de software como sendo uma das principais áreas impactadas por DTs em projetos de software. Neste artigo foram mapeadas a partir da literatura técnica 22 possíveis DTs relacionadas ao processo de teste, suas causas e indicadores. Elas foram avaliadas por meio de um survey com os profissionais da área de teste de software. Como resultados do survey, são apresentados os níveis de concordância obtidos para cada DT, suas causas e indicadores sugeridos.
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Nilasari, Khurnia Eva. "EFEKTIVITAS DIKLAT TEKNIS SUBSTANTIF (DTS) MODEL-MODEL PEMBELAJARAN TERHADAP EFIKASI DIRI DAN KOMPETENSI PEDAGOGIK GURU." JENTRE 1, no. 1 (January 11, 2021): 9–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.38075/jen.v1i1.9.
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Balai Diklat Keagamaan Padang memiliki fungsi menyelenggarakan pendidikan dan pelatihan (diklat) bagi tenaga teknis Pendidikan Pelaksanaan. Terselenggaranya diklat diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kompetensi peserta diklat dan memberikan dampak terhadap peningkatan pelaksanaan tugasnya di madrasah masing-masing. Salah satu diklat yang dilaksanakan adalah DTS Model-model pembelajaran. Untuk mengetahui kefektifan pelaksanaan diklat ini maka dilakukan penelitian. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menjelaskan efektivitas diklat terhadap efikasi diri guru di madrasah dan menjelaskan efektivitas diklat terhadap kompetensi pedagogik guru setelah mengikuti DTS Model-model Pembelajaran. Subjek penelitian adalah alumni DTS Model-model pembelajaran yang dilaksanakan dari Tanggal 13 s.d. 18 Mei 2019 yang berjumlah 30 orang. DTS model-model Pembelajaran ini dilaksanakan di Wilayah Kerja di Kementerian Agama Kabupaten Solok. Peserta merupakan guru Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI), guru Madrasah Tsanawiyah (MTs), dan Guru Madrasah Aliyah (MA). Metode penelitian ini menggunakan prosedur Kirkpatrick dari level 1 sampai dengan level 3. Data diolah dengan menggunakan analisis statistik deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa efikasi peserta diklat setelah mengikuti diklat adalah 88,9%. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan DTS Model-model pembelajaran berada pada kategori sangat efektif dalam membentuk efikasi diri guru. Selanjutnya, untuk kompetensi pedagogik menunjukkan hasil 85% yang juga menjelaskan bahwa DTS Model-model pembelajaran dapat membangun kompetensi pedagogik sampai pada kategori sangat efektif. Dengan itu dapat dikatakan bahwa bahwa pelaksanaan DTS Model-model pembelajaran sangat efektif hal ini ditunjukkan oleh data-data di atas.
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Toriida, Marie-Claude, Robert Johnson, Simon Heslup, Rabeena Adul Latif, Conchita Fatima Chiuco, Abdul Rahman Hamdeh, Sharifat Atinuke Makinde, Rubeena Toufiq, and Nooreh Mehdi Zadeh. "Fostering Independent Learning amongst English for Academic Purposes Students through Exploration of Digital Tools." Journal of Language Teaching and Research 11, no. 6 (November 1, 2020): 863. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/jltr.1106.02.
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Interest in using digital tools (DTs) to facilitate self-directed learning has continued to increase alongside the power and complexity of the Web. However, English language instructors cannot always be certain of the appropriateness of particular DTs for their students’ unique linguistic needs, learning preferences, and cultural sensitivities. This study seeks to determine if a pedagogical approach making English language learners (ELLs) at a university in Qatar responsible for finding, trialing, vetting, and perhaps endorsing DTs results in significant changes in opinions and behaviours regarding such self-directed learning resource use. The analysis of the quantitative and qualitative data suggests that students in this context are already using DTs for English language learning, without prior teacher instructions, and are comfortable doing so. However, the findings suggest that students of lower English ability might benefit from more initial instructor guidance in selecting and using new DTs. While participants did not increase their use of DTs as a result of the intervention, they noted having become more efficient in using them. All participants said that the intervention had been beneficial. Many noted they had discovered at least one new tool that they would continue to use.
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Yang, Lei, Caixia Hao, and Yina Chai. "Life Cycle Assessment of Commercial Delivery Trucks: Diesel, Plug-In Electric, and Battery-Swap Electric." Sustainability 10, no. 12 (December 2, 2018): 4547. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10124547.
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The development of electric delivery trucks has attracted much attention in recent years. The purpose of this study is to assess the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and the total cost of ownership (TCO) of light-duty and medium-duty diesel trucks (DTs), plug-in electric trucks (ETs), and battery-swap ETs. A simplified life cycle assessment (LCA) method and a TCO assessment method are used. Numerical results show that the average GHG emission of light-duty ETs is 69% lower than that of light-duty DTs, while that of medium-duty ETs is 9.8% higher than that of medium-duty DTs. As regards TCO, those of plug-in ETs and battery-swap ETs are 37.8% lower and 21% higher than that of light-duty DTs, while for medium-duty trucks, the TCO of plug-in and battery-swap ETs are 6.7% lower and 18.9% higher than that of medium-duty DTs. The main conclusion of this paper is that light-duty plug-in ETs exhibit the best performance in terms of cost saving and GHG emission reduction. Moreover, ETs show more advantages than DTs when the frequency of use is higher or when the driving environment is more congested.
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McKenna, Jill E., Noel J. Ray, Gerald McKenna, and Francis M. Burke. "The Effect of Variability in the Powder/Liquid Ratio on the Strength of Zinc Phosphate Cement." International Journal of Dentistry 2011 (2011): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/679315.
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Aim. To investigate (a) variability in powder/liquid proportioning and (b) effect of variability on diametral tensile strength (DTS), in a zinc phosphate cement. Statistical analyses () were by Student’st-test in the case of powder/liquid ratio and one-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD for pair-wise comparisons of mean DTS. The Null hypotheses were that (a) the powder-liquid mixing ratios would not differ from the manufacturer’s recommended ratio (b) DTS of the set cement samples using the extreme powder/liquid ratios would not differ from those made using the recommended ratio.Methodology. 34 dental students dispensed the components according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The maximum and minimum powder/liquid ratios, together with the manufacturer’s recommended ratio, were used to prepare samples for DTS testing.Results. Powder/liquid ratios ranged from 2.386 to 1.018. The mean ratio (1.644) was not significantly different from the recommended value of 1.718 (). DTS values for the maximum and minimum ratios were both significantly different from each other () and from the mean value obtained from the recommended ratio ().Conclusions. Variability exists in powder/liquid ratio for hand dispensed zinc phosphate cement. This variability can affect the DTS of the set material.
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Acar, Zeydin, Levent Korkmaz, Mustafa T. Agac, Hakan Erkan, Ihsan Dursun, Ezgi Kalaycioglu, Gulhanim Kiris, and Sukru Celik. "Relationship Between Duke Treadmill Score and Coronary Artery Lesion Complexity." Clinical & Investigative Medicine 35, no. 6 (December 1, 2012): 365. http://dx.doi.org/10.25011/cim.v35i6.19208.
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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the Duke Treadmil Score (DTS) and coronary artery disease (CAD) complexity in patients with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD).
Methods: Sixty five patients who had positive exercise testing for CAD were enrolled. Coronary angiography was performed and Syntax score (SxScore), a marker of CAD complexity, was determined. The relationship between DTC and SxScore then evaluated.
Results: There was a strong negative correlation between DTS and SxScore (r= - 0.91, p < 0.001). In addition, patients with higher and intermediate risk as evaluated by DTS had increased SxScore compare to those that were low risk (23 ± 6, 6 ± 5 and 0 ± 0 respectively).
Conclusions: A strong negative correlation was seen between DTS and coronary lesion complexity. By assessing DTS important information about coronary artery lesion complexity can be obtained before invasive coronary angiography.
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Ramirez, Hector E., Marjory D. Williams, JulieAnn Martel, Piyali Chatterjee, Hosoon Choi, John David Coppin, Patrick Crowley, et al. "818. Healthcare Worker Feedback Regarding the Implementation of a New Disinfection Tracking System." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 7, Supplement_1 (October 1, 2020): S451—S452. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofaa439.1007.
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Abstract Background Tracking of disinfection of portable medical equipment (PME) and demonstration of compliance with PME disinfection policies can be difficult to demonstrate. A Disinfection Tracking System (DTS) was implemented in our hospital to assess the impact of such a system on the disinfection events of PME and its ability to capture disinfection events. The DTS system improved the total disinfection events as well as disinfection events on commonly used items such as Computer-on-wheels (COWs) and vitals machine (VM) (Figures 1 & 2). Here we present a summary of healthcare workers’ (HCWs) opinions about the implementation of the DTS system in their routine work flow. Image of DTS Mounted on a Computer-on-Wheel Image of a DTS Mounted on a Vitals Machine Methods The study was conducted on two medical-surgical acute care units in Temple, TX Veterans Affairs hospital. The DTS devices were equipped with sensors to detect moisture events corresponding to disinfection. A display on the device indicated the last time the PME was disinfected. Opinions were obtained after the 10-week study period through a survey and facilitated group discussions between frontline HCWs and managers who had encountered the DTS during their daily work routine. The survey measured level of agreement with 13 items on a Likert-type scale system ranging from one (least agreement) to ten (most agreement). Disinfection Tracking System with Screen Displaying Time Since Last Disinfection Results A total of 17 surveys were completed. The lowest mean agreement score was 5.1 for the statement - the DTS system display corresponds to a real disinfection of the equipment and the highest mean agreement scores included - the DTS system was easy to understand and follow and the DTS system can easily be adopted in my routine workflow. Lastly, - the DTS system helped improve the disinfection of my COW and the DTS system will improve patient outcomes corresponded to agreement score means of 8.1 and 7.9, respectively. In the group discussions, all the involved groups of healthcare workers expressed agreement in the ease of use of the system and minimal disruption in workflow. Conclusion Our survey and interview results indicate that most of the HCWs who interacted with the device had a positive interaction with the device. They stated the DTS system helped serve as an indicator about the last disinfection event. They also noted the system integrated well into their workflow without any disruption or additional workload. Disclosures Sarah Simmons, DrPH, Xenex Disinfection Services (Employee, Shareholder) Mark Stibich, PhD MHS, Xenex Disinfection Services, Inc (Board Member, Employee) Chetan Jinadatha, MD, MPH, AHRQ (Research Grant or Support)Department of Veterans Affairs (Other Financial or Material Support, Owner: Department of Veterans Affairs. Licensed to: Xenex Disinfection System, San Antonio, TX)Inventor (Other Financial or Material Support, Methods for organizing the disinfection of one or more items contaminated with biological agents)NiH/NINR (Research Grant or Support)NSF (Research Grant or Support)Xenex Healthcare Services (Research Grant or Support)
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McCarthy, N., M. Schultz, and C. Wall. "P575 Nutrition and Inflammatory Bowel Disease – a nationwide survey of patients, gastroenterologists and dietitians." Journal of Crohn's and Colitis 15, Supplement_1 (May 1, 2021): S532—S533. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjab076.696.
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Abstract Background Literature indicates that Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) patients (pts), who are at high risk of malnutrition, often adjust their diet following diagnosis and wish to receive specialised nutrition advice from their healthcare team. Dietitians (DTs) are health professionals (HPs) with specialist nutrition expertise. Our aim was to assess nutrition advice provided by different HPs. Methods Electronic surveys were disseminated to New Zealand IBD pts, DTs and gastroenterologists (GIs) asking about experience of, and practice providing, IBD nutrition advice. DTs and GIs were asked which nutrition interventions they recommend. DTs responded separately for Crohn’s disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC) while GIs responded about IBD pts as a group. Results Surveys were completed by 407 pts, 79 DTs and 40 GIs. Almost all (97%) GIs report their IBD pts ask about nutrition and 95% said they provide nutrition advice. DTs and GIs commonly recommended specific diets: modified fibre, high protein/energy and low fermentable carbohydrate diets, with occasional use of some other diet regimes (Table 1). Half of the pts (52%) had seen a DT for advice and 31% had received nutrition advice from other HPs, commonly their GI, general practitioner or IBD nurse. Some patients (13%) received nutrition advice from other practitioners: nutritionist, naturopath, other medical doctors, counsellor, cannabis practitioner, integrated health professional, osteopath and herbalist. Patients frequently received general nutrition advice and specific diet advice including various strict exclusion diets and herbal, probiotic and vitamin/mineral supplements from DTs and non-DT HPs (Table 1). No DTs or GIs recommended low carb, high fat, sugar free or ketogenic diets in IBD, which were recommended to pts by other HPs. Conclusion Pts with IBD often ask for nutrition advice but only half had seen a DT. The advice given by HPs (medical and non-medical) varies and it appears that this high-risk group of pts is not always offered advice with evidence of scientific benefit in pts with IBD. Pts would benefit from greater access to DTs with IBD expertise.
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Han, Yang, Chunbao Liu, Lingyun Yan, and Lei Ren. "Design of Decision Tree Structure with Improved BPNN Nodes for High-Accuracy Locomotion Mode Recognition Using a Single IMU." Sensors 21, no. 2 (January 13, 2021): 526. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21020526.
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Smart wearable robotic system, such as exoskeleton assist device and powered lower limb prostheses can rapidly and accurately realize man–machine interaction through locomotion mode recognition system. However, previous locomotion mode recognition studies usually adopted more sensors for higher accuracy and effective intelligent algorithms to recognize multiple locomotion modes simultaneously. To reduce the burden of sensors on users and recognize more locomotion modes, we design a novel decision tree structure (DTS) based on using an improved backpropagation neural network (IBPNN) as judgment nodes named IBPNN-DTS, after analyzing the experimental locomotion mode data using the original values with a 200-ms time window for a single inertial measurement unit to hierarchically identify nine common locomotion modes (level walking at three kinds of speeds, ramp ascent/descent, stair ascent/descent, Sit, and Stand). In addition, we reduce the number of parameters in the IBPNN for structure optimization and adopted the artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm to perform global search for initial weight and threshold value to eliminate system uncertainty because randomly generated initial values tend to result in a failure to converge or falling into local optima. Experimental results demonstrate that recognition accuracy of the IBPNN-DTS with ABC optimization (ABC-IBPNN-DTS) was up to 96.71% (97.29% for the IBPNN-DTS). Compared to IBPNN-DTS without optimization, the number of parameters in ABC-IBPNN-DTS shrank by 66% with only a 0.58% reduction in accuracy while the classification model kept high robustness.
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Wang, Hecheng, Junzheng Feng, Hui Zhang, and Xin Li. "The effect of digital transformation strategy on performance." International Journal of Conflict Management 31, no. 3 (April 1, 2020): 441–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijcma-09-2019-0166.
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Purpose The purpose of this study is to verify whether digital transformation strategy (DTS) could improve the organizational performance and provide a comprehensive analysis for enterprises on the necessity of implementing digital transformation in the context of China and draw on the perspectives of “Skewed conflict,” “minority dissent theory” and “too-much-of-a-good-thing.” This study investigates the curvilinear moderating role of cognitive conflict between DTS and performance. Design/methodology/approach An empirical investigation was used to collect a large sample data of Chinese enterprises’ digital transformation. A multiple linear regression analysis with SPSS was used to test the proposed hypotheses such as the inverted U-shaped moderating effect of the cognitive conflict. Findings In the Chinese context, DTS has a positive relationship on the short- and long-term financial performance. Moreover, this relationship was moderated by cognitive conflict such that the relationship between DTS and short-term financial performance could be further enhanced under the moderate cognitive conflict; however, the relationship between DTS and long-term financial performance was considerably influenced for higher cognitive conflict. Originality/value Based on the co-evolution of the information technology/information system (IT/IS) and business strategy, this study clarified the relationships among DTS, digital strategy and business and information technology strategies. By focusing on corporate strategy, this study further examined the effect of digital transformation on both short- and long-term financial performance. To further reveal the micro-psychological mechanisms underlying the effect of DTS on organizational performance, this study confirmed the inverted U-shaped moderating effect of the top management team’s cognitive conflict. Therefore, this research provides a new theoretical perspective for future research in the field of IT/IS, DTS and digital strategy.
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Spruit, Rodriaan, Frits van Tol, Wout Broere, Pieter Doornenbal, and Victor Hopman. "Distributed temperature sensing applied during diaphragm wall construction." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 54, no. 2 (February 2017): 219–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2014-0522.
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Distributed temperature sensing (DTS) can be used to monitor the production process of diaphragm walls. DTS is able to differentiate between already present or fresh bentonite suspensions during refreshing of the bentonite slurry in the trench. During concrete casting, DTS is able to differentiate between the bentonite suspension and concrete. As a result, the continuity of the casting process and the arrival of good grade concrete at crucial locations in the trench can be monitored. Tests conducted on laboratory models provided reference information for interpretation of field data. Field experiences have shown the benefits of DTS tests and the predictive value of the reference measurements. Results are compared with crosshole sonic logging measurements at the same location.
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Pedersen, Agnethe N., Morten Borup, Annette Brink-Kjær, Lasse E. Christiansen, and Peter S. Mikkelsen. "Living and Prototyping Digital Twins for Urban Water Systems: Towards Multi-Purpose Value Creation Using Models and Sensors." Water 13, no. 5 (February 25, 2021): 592. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13050592.
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In this paper, we review the emerging concept of digital twins (DTs) for urban water systems (UWS) based on the literature, stakeholder interviews and analyzing the current DT implementation process in the utility company VCS Denmark (VCS). Here, DTs for UWS are placed in the context of DTs at the component, unit process/operation or hydraulic structure, treatment plant, system, city, and societal levels. A UWS DT is characterized as a systematic virtual representation of the elements and dynamics of the physical system, organized in a star-structure with a set of features connected by data links that are based on standards for open data. This allows the overall functionality to be broken down into smaller, tangible units (features), enabling microservices that communicate via data links to emerge (the most central feature), facilitated by application programing interfaces (APIs). Coupled to the physical system, simulation models and advanced analytics are among the most important features. We propose distinguishing between living and prototyping DTs, where the term “living” refers to coupling observations from an ever-changing physical twin (which may change with, e.g., urban growth) with a simulation model, through a data link connecting the two. A living DT is thus a near real-time representation of an UWS and can be used for operational and control purposes. A prototyping DT represents a scenario for the system without direct coupling to real-time observations, which can be used for design or planning. By acknowledging that different DTs exist, it is possible to identify the value-creation from DTs achieved by different end-users inside and outside a utility organization. Analyzing the DT workflow in VCS shows that a DT must be multifunctional, updateable, and adjustable to support potential value creation across the utility company. This study helps clarify key DT terminology for UWS and identifies steps to create a DT by building upon digital ecosystems (DEs) and open standards for data.
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Gu, Peng, Xinghua Zhu, Haihua Wu, and Dingyu Yang. "Regulation of Substrate-Target Distance on the Microstructural, Optical and Electrical Properties of CdTe Films by Magnetron Sputtering." Materials 11, no. 12 (December 8, 2018): 2496. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11122496.
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Cadmium telluride (CdTe) films were deposited on glass substrates by direct current (DC) magnetron sputtering, and the effect of substrate-target distance (Dts) on properties of the CdTe films was investigated by observations of X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns, atomic force microscopy (AFM), UV-VIS spectra, optical microscopy, and the Hall-effect measurement system. XRD analysis indicated that all samples exhibited a preferred orientation along the (111) plane, corresponding to the zinc blende structure, and films prepared using Dts of 4 cm demonstrated better crystallinity than the others. AFM studies revealed that surface morphologies of the CdTe films were strongly dependent on Dts, and revealed a large average grain size of 35.25 nm and a high root mean square (RMS) roughness value of 9.66 nm for films fabricated using Dts of 4 cm. UV-VIS spectra suggested the energy band gap (Eg) initially decreased from 1.5 to 1.45 eV, then increased to 1.68 eV as Dts increased from 3.5 to 5 cm. The Hall-effect measurement system revealed that CdTe films prepared with a Dts of 4 cm exhibited optimal electrical properties, and the resistivity, carrier mobility, and carrier concentration were determined to be 2.3 × 105 Ω∙cm, 6.41 cm2∙V−1∙S−1, and 4.22 × 1012 cm−3, respectively.
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Demuyakor, John. "COVID-19 Pandemic and Higher Education: Leveraging on Digital Technologies and Mobile Applications for Online Learning in Ghana." Shanlax International Journal of Education 9, no. 3 (June 1, 2021): 26–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/education.v9i3.3904.
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Since mid-March 2020, educational systems worldwide and particularly Ghana were under increasing pressure to use the new Digital Technologies (DTs) and mobile applications (apps) to assist teachers in guiding students to continue with online learning activities due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The study is aimed at assessing the utilization of DTs and apps tools by students during the COVID-19 pandemic and how those technologies have affected online learning in institutions of higher education in Ghana. The researcher adopted an online survey and exploratory-based design that utilized quantitative and qualitative approaches to purposively collect data from N=784 students from three major public universities in Ghana. Also, the study applied Uses and Gratification as the theoretical basis in understanding the utilization of DTs and their possible limitations for remote learning during the peak of COVID-19 in Ghana. This study reported that the specific DMTs and mobile apps used by students in higher education for online learning are smarts phones and apps such as Class In, Zoom, Skype, and Instagram live stream. This study also revealed that Personal Learning Network (PLN) such as WhatsApp, Facebook, Twitter were also actively used by students for remote online learning. Again, the study shows that 77.1% of students in the sampled three universities were fully aware of the DTs and apps utilized for online learning during COVID-19. Also, the findings from this study report that students in higher institutions identified unstable electricity for continuous online learning, especially for those students in rural areas, unreliable internet service, poor WiFi connections, expensive smartphones / laptops, and high cost of inter bundle as key challenges of using DMTs and mobile apps for online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. Finally, on the perceived usefulness of DTs and mobile apps among students for online learning in higher educational institutions, the findings from this study suggest that DMT’s and apps were of great benefit to students for remote online learning.
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Juárez, Fernando, and Ángela Guerra. "Características socioeconómicas y salud en personas pobres y desplazadas." Psicologia: Teoria e Pesquisa 27, no. 4 (December 2011): 511–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-37722011000400016.
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Se estudió la relación entre aspectos socioeconómicos, desplazamiento, eventos traumáticos, salud, trastorno por estrés postraumático (TEPT) y coocurrencia, en 93 personas pobres. Se aplicó la Escala de Trauma Davidson (DTS) y el Cuestionario de Salud General de Goldberg (GHQ-28); 50,5% de los participantes tuvieron TEPT y 74,2% tuvo problemas de salud. Existió coocurrencia entre el TEPT y los problemas de salud, siendo la asociación elevada para la ansiedad (GHQ-28) y la hiperreactivación (DTS). En la existencia de problemas de salud, influyó la puntuación en el DTS. En la existencia de TEPT influyó la puntuación en el GHQ-28, el departamento emisor y el tipo de desplazamiento. La puntuación en la DTS y el departamento emisor influyeron en la existencia de coocurrencia.
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Guerra, Cristobal, Patricia Martínez, Carolina Ahumada, and Marcelo Díaz. "Análisis Psicométrico Preliminar de la Escala de Trauma de Davidson en adolescentes Chilenos." Summa Psicológica 10, no. 2 (December 27, 2013): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.18774/448x.2013.10.139.
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La escala de Trauma de Davidson (DTS) mide la frecuencia y gravedad del Estrés Postraumático. Dado que en Chile existe escasez de datos respecto de la validez y confiabilidad de instrumentos para medir este trastorno, se examinan las propiedades psicométricas de la escala. Participaron 130 adolescentes de entre 13 y 18 años (M= 15,78; DT= 1,40). Participaron pacientes traumatizados y adolescentes de la población general. Los participantes respondieron la DTS, una escala de depresión y otra de ansiedad. La DTS obtuvo adecuada consistencia interna, mostró validez convergente (correlacionó de forma moderada, directa y significativa con escalas de depresión y ansiedad) y discriminó entre la muestra clínica y general. La DTS parece ser un instrumento válido y confiable en adolescentes chilenos.
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Delord, J., P. Schöffski, E. Brain, H. Dumez, J. Robert, S. Faivre, V. Dubois, K. Vialatte, J. Deshayes, and D. Ravel. "Results of a phase I study of DTS-201, a peptidic prodrug of doxorubicin, in patients with solid tumors." Journal of Clinical Oncology 25, no. 18_suppl (June 20, 2007): 2547. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.2547.
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2547 Background: DTS-201 is a promising prodrug of doxorubicin (dox) designed to preferentially deliver the parent compound to tumor cells and to limit cardiotoxicity. Based on animal studies showing that DTS-201 was markedly safer and more active than conventional dox, a phase I trial was conducted to determine safety, pharmacokinetics and the recommended dose (RD) for phase II studies. Methods: DTS-201 was given as 1-hour infusion every 3 weeks. Four dose levels were tested: 80, 160, 250 and 400 mg/m2 equivalent to 45 to 225 mg dox/m2. Toxicity was evaluated according to CTCAE v3.0 with specific attention to cardiotoxicity assessed by troponin I, echocardiography or cardio MUGA scan and 12-lead ECG. Results: Nineteen cancer patients (pts) with solid tumors (age range: 30–72 yrs) received DTS-201. Tolerance was good at 80 and 160 mg/m2. Three dose limiting toxicities (DLTs) were observed at cycle 1, one at 250 mg/m2 (grade 3 diarrhea) and two at 400 mg/m2 (one grade 3 vomiting and one grade 4 neutropenia = 5 days). Myelosuppression was the most common toxicity with 5 of the 6 pts treated at 400 mg/m2 experiencing transient asymptomatic grade 3–4 neutropenia on day 15 that spontaneously resolved. Other adverse reactions included mild to moderate asthenia, alopecia, anorexia and nausea. Neither cardiotoxicity or dox unrelated toxicities were observed. Disease stabilization for more than 4 cycles was observed in three pts with prostate cancer, pleural mesothelioma or bronchoalveolar carcinoma at 250 and 400 mg/m2. The pt with prostate cancer treated at 250 mg/m2 experienced a 60% decrease in serum PSA and a 23% reduction in lymph node size. The plasma AUCs and Cmax for DTS-201 and dox increased linearly with dose. At 400 mg/m2, the AUC of dox was within the range of values observed in pts receiving 60 mg/m2 of conventional dox. However the Cmax of dox, observed at 1 to 1.5 hours following DTS-201 administration, was 20 to 25 times lower. Conclusion: DTS-201 was well tolerated up to 400 mg/m2, corresponding to 3.750-fold the standard dose of dox. This dose, with no evidence of cardiac toxicity, was proposed to be the RD for future phase II studies. Six additional pts will be treated at that dose level to better characterize safety. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Hilgersom, Koen, Tim van Emmerik, Anna Solcerova, Wouter Berghuijs, John Selker, and Nick van de Giesen. "Practical considerations for enhanced-resolution coil-wrapped distributed temperature sensing." Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods and Data Systems 5, no. 1 (May 20, 2016): 151–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gi-5-151-2016.
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Abstract. Fibre optic distributed temperature sensing (DTS) is widely applied in Earth sciences. Many applications require a spatial resolution higher than that provided by the DTS instrument. Measurements at these higher resolutions can be achieved with a fibre optic cable helically wrapped on a cylinder. The effect of the probe construction, such as its material, shape, and diameter, on the performance has been poorly understood. In this article, we study data sets obtained from a laboratory experiment using different cable and construction diameters, and three field experiments using different construction characteristics. This study shows that the construction material, shape, diameter, and cable attachment method can have a significant influence on DTS temperature measurements. We present a qualitative and quantitative approximation of errors introduced through the choice of auxiliary construction, influence of solar radiation, coil diameter, and cable attachment method. Our results provide insight into factors that influence DTS measurements, and we present a number of solutions to minimize these errors. These practical considerations allow designers of future DTS measurement set-ups to improve their environmental temperature measurements.
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Szczesio-Wlodarczyk, Agata, Karolina Rams, Karolina Kopacz, Jerzy Sokolowski, and Kinga Bociong. "The Influence of Aging in Solvents on Dental Cements Hardness and Diametral Tensile Strength." Materials 12, no. 15 (August 2, 2019): 2464. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12152464.
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Prosthetic materials must exhibit adequate resistance to the oral environment. The aim of this paper was to study the resistance of selected cements used for cementing restorations (Breeze—composite, Adhesor Carbofine—zinc-polycarboxylate and IHDENT–Giz type II—glass-ionomer) against ethanol, soda and green tea solutions. The highest values of hardness and DTS (diametral tensile strength) were obtained by composite cement (HV = 15–31, DTS = 34–45 MPa). Ethanol solution had the greatest impact on the hardness value of composite cement, and soda solution on zinc-polycarboxylate cement. No significant differences were noted in the DTS values of composite cements after immersion in solvents; however, the DTS value of zinc-polycarboxylate cement increased after prolonged immersion time in ethanol and the DTS of glass-ionomer cement (IHDENT Giz type II) clearly decreased after submersion in soda solutions. Variation in pH across the range of 6 (tea) to 9 (soda solution) had a low impact on the properties of dental cements. Extended exposure to solvents appears to worsen the properties of cements.
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Ran, Wenxue, Yan Wang, Lifan Yang, and Sen Liu. "Coordination Mechanism of Supply Chain considering the Bullwhip Effect under Digital Technologies." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2020 (September 9, 2020): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3217927.
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The bullwhip effect (BWE) and stochastic demand coexist in supply chain operation management, which leads to a lower performance. In recent years, with the development of blockchain, cloud computing, big data, and other digital technologies (DTs), many enterprises hope to use them to weaken the BWE and improve profits. This paper focuses on improving the application level of DTs in the supply chain through coordination for enhancing the performance. We consider a supply chain with one-supplier-one-retailer and coordinate it with the cost-sharing contract and revenue-cost-sharing contract (the improved contract). We find out that the retailer and supplier did not always have the willingness to use DTs to alleviate the BWE. Even if they have the intention to use DTs, their ideal application level is not the same. After coordination, both the application level of DTs and the performance of the supply chain are improved, and we find that the improved contract has a better coordination effect. Finally, we validate our model by numerical simulation.
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Rogers, Travis A., Joseph R. Bardeen, Thomas A. Fergus, and Natasha Benfer. "Factor Structure and Incremental Utility of the Distress Tolerance Scale: A Bifactor Analysis." Assessment 27, no. 2 (July 20, 2018): 297–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1073191118789496.
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The Distress Tolerance Scale (DTS) is a self-report measure of perceived capacity to withstand aversive emotions. Initial factor analysis of this measure suggested a structure comprising one higher-order factor and four lower-order domain-specific factors. However, there is limited evidence in support of the DTS’s purported multidimensionality, and despite use of the DTS subscales, research has yet to assess their incremental utility. The current investigation sought to rectify the paucity of evidence in support of the DTS’s factor structure and independent use of DTS subscales via bifactor analysis. In the present study ( N = 826 community adults), a bifactor model of the DTS provided the best fit to the data. However, an examination of statistical indices associated with bifactor modeling, as well as results from an examination of incremental utility, suggest that the domain-specific factors are largely redundant with the general factor and do not provide incremental utility in predicting relevant clinical constructs beyond the general factor. Measurement invariance between sexes was confirmed. Taken together, results support use of a DTS total score, but not subscale scores.
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Mohammed, Amrallah A., Hani EL-Tanni, and Hani M. EL-Khatib. "Targeted therapy in advanced desmoid tumors: Current perspectives." Forum of Clinical Oncology 11, no. 3 (December 1, 2020): 9–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/fco-2019-0023.
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Abstract Background Desmoid tumors/aggressive fibromatosis (DTs/AF) are cytological bland fibrous neoplasms originating from the musculoaponeurotic structures throughout the body. The exact cause still remains unknown, however, they may present sporadically or as a manifestation of a hereditary syndrome called familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). Although they lack the capacity to establish metastases, DTs/AF may be devastated and occasionally fatal. As a result of the heterogeneity of DTs/AF, treatment needs to be individualized to improve local tumor control and maintain patients’ quality of life. Therefore, after a multidisciplinary approach, all treatment options should be discussed with patients. Where systemic chemotherapy has been shown to be unsuccessful with marked side effects in case of advanced DTs/AF, new therapeutic options are needed. Methods A Medline search was conducted and published articles in different studies from 2000 to the present were reviewed. Conclusion More research is needed to illustrate both the prognostic and predictive factors of the targeted therapy and the value of their combinations with or without other treatment modalities to get the best result for the treatment of advanced DTs/AF.
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Qi, Song-tao, Yi Liu, Jun Pan, Silky Chotai, and Lu-xiong Fang. "A radiopathological classification of dural tail sign of meningiomas." Journal of Neurosurgery 117, no. 4 (October 2012): 645–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2012.6.jns111987.
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Object The completeness of meningioma resection depends on the resection of dura mater invaded by the tumor. The pathological changes of the dura around the tumor can be interpreted by evaluating the dural tail sign (DTS) on MRI studies. The goal of this study was to clarify the pathological characteristics of the DTSs, propose a classification based on the histopathological and radiological correlation, and identify the invasive range of tumor cells in different types of DTS. Methods The authors retrospectively reviewed 179 patients with convexity meningiomas who underwent Simpson Grade I resection. All patients underwent an enhanced MRI examination preoperatively. The convexity meningiomas were dichotomized into various subtypes in accordance with the 2007 WHO classification of tumors of the CNS, and the DTS was identified based on the Goldsher criteria. The range of resection of the involved dura was 3 cm from the base of the tumor, which corresponded with the length of DTS on MRI studies. Histopathological examination of dura at 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, and 3.0 cm from the base of the tumor was conducted, and the findings were correlated with the preoperative MRI appearance of the DTS. Results A total of 154 (86%) of 179 convexity meningiomas were classified into WHO Grade I subtype, including transitional (44 [28.6%] of 154), meningothelial (36 [23.4%] of 154), fibrous (23 [14.9%] of 154), psammomatous (22 [14.3%] of 154), secretory (10 [6.5%] of 154), and angiomatous (19 [12.3%] of 154). The other 25 (14%) were non–Grade I (WHO) tumors, including atypical (12 [48%] of 25), anaplastic (5 [20%] of 25), and papillary (8 [32%] of 25). The DTS was classified into 5 types: smooth (16 [8.9%] of 179), nodular (36 [20.1%] of 179), mixed (57 [31.8%] of 179), symmetrical multipolar (15 [8.4%] of 179), and asymmetrical multipolar (55 [30.7%] of 179). There was a significant difference in distribution of DTS type between Grade I and non–Grade I tumors (p = 0.004), whereas the difference was not significant among Grade I tumors (0.841) or among non–Grade I tumors (p = 0.818). All smooth-type DTSs were encountered in Grade I tumors, and the mixed DTS (52 [33.8%] of 154) was the most common type in these tumors. Nodular-type DTS was more commonly seen in non–Grade I tumors (12 [48%] of 25). Tumor invasion was found in 88.3% (158 of 179) of convexity meningiomas, of which the range of invasion in 82.3% (130 of 158) was within 2 cm and that in 94.9% (150 of 158) was within 2.5 cm. The incidence of invasion and the range invaded by tumor cells varied in different types of DTS, and differences were statistically significant (p < 0.001). Conclusions Nodular-type DTS on MRI studies might be associated with non–Grade I tumors. The range of dural resection for convexity meningiomas should be 2.5 cm from the tumor base, and if this extent of resection is not feasible, the type of DTS should be considered. However, for skull base meningiomas, in which mostly Simpson Grade II resection is achieved, the use of this classification should be further validated. The classification of DTS enables the surgeon to predict preoperatively and then to achieve the optimal range of dural resection that might significantly reduce the recurrence rate of meningiomas.
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Yin, Jiayi, Wen Sun, Fengcheng Li, Jiajun Hong, Xiaoxu Li, Ying Zhou, Yinjing Lu, et al. "VARIDT 1.0: variability of drug transporter database." Nucleic Acids Research 48, no. D1 (September 9, 2019): D1042—D1050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkz779.
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Abstract The absorption, distribution and excretion of drugs are largely determined by their transporters (DTs), the variability of which has thus attracted considerable attention. There are three aspects of variability: epigenetic regulation and genetic polymorphism, species/tissue/disease-specific DT abundances, and exogenous factors modulating DT activity. The variability data of each aspect are essential for clinical study, and a collective consideration among multiple aspects becomes crucial in precision medicine. However, no database is constructed to provide the comprehensive data of all aspects of DT variability. Herein, the Variability of Drug Transporter Database (VARIDT) was introduced to provide such data. First, 177 and 146 DTs were confirmed, for the first time, by the transporting drugs approved and in clinical/preclinical, respectively. Second, for the confirmed DTs, VARIDT comprehensively collected all aspects of their variability (23 947 DNA methylations, 7317 noncoding RNA/histone regulations, 1278 genetic polymorphisms, differential abundance profiles of 257 DTs in 21 781 patients/healthy individuals, expression of 245 DTs in 67 tissues of human/model organism, 1225 exogenous factors altering the activity of 148 DTs), which allowed mutual connection between any aspects. Due to huge amount of accumulated data, VARIDT made it possible to generalize characteristics to reveal disease etiology and optimize clinical treatment, and is freely accessible at: https://db.idrblab.org/varidt/ and http://varidt.idrblab.net/.
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Murugavel, P., and L. Pari. "Effects of diallyl tetrasulfide on cadmium-induced oxidative damage in the liver of rats." Human & Experimental Toxicology 26, no. 6 (June 2007): 527–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0960327107073810.
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The protective efficacy of diallyl tetrasulfide (DTS) from garlic on liver injury induced by cadmium (Cd) was investigated. In this study, Cd (3 mg/kg body weight) was administered subcutaneously for 3 weeks to induce toxicity. DTS was administered orally (10, 20 and 40 mg/kg body weight) for 3 weeks with subcutaneous (sc) injection of Cd. Cd-induced liver damage was evidenced from increased activities of serum hepatic enzymes, namely aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase, with significant elevation of lipid peroxidation indices (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and hydroperoxides) and protein carbonyl groups in the liver. Rats subjected to Cd toxicity also showed a decline in the levels of total thiols, reduced glutathione (GSH), vitamin C and vitamin E, accompanied by an increased accumulation of Cd, and significantly decreased activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-S-transferase (GST), glutathione reductase, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in the liver. Administration of DTS at 40 mg/kg body weight significantly normalised the activities of hepatic marker enzymes, compared to other doses of DTS (10 and 20 mg/kg body weight). In addition, DTS (40 mg/kg body weight) significantly reduced the accumulation of Cd and the level of lipid peroxidation, and restored the level of antioxidant defense in the liver. Histological studies also showed that administration of DTS to Cd-treated rats resulted in a marked improvement of hepatocytes morphology with mild portal inflammation. Our results suggest that DTS might play a vital role in protecting Cd-induced oxidative damage in the liver. Human & Experimental Toxicology(2007) 26, 527—534
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Dutta, Sujoy, Celia Chang, Bala Krishna Kolli, Shigeru Sassa, Malik Yousef, Michael Showe, Louise Showe, and Kwang-Poo Chang. "Delta-Aminolevulinate-Induced Host-Parasite Porphyric Disparity for Selective Photolysis of Transgenic Leishmania in the Phagolysosomes of Mononuclear Phagocytes: a Potential Novel Platform for Vaccine Delivery." Eukaryotic Cell 11, no. 4 (February 3, 2012): 430–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/ec.05202-11.
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ABSTRACT Leishmania double transfectants (DTs) expressing the 2nd and 3rd enzymes in the heme biosynthetic pathway were previously reported to show neogenesis of uroporphyrin I (URO) when induced with delta-aminolevulinate (ALA), the product of the 1st enzyme in the pathway. The ensuing accumulation of URO in DT promastigotes rendered them light excitable to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS), resulting in their cytolysis. Evidence is presented showing that the DTs retained wild-type infectivity to their host cells and that the intraphagolysosomal/parasitophorous vacuolar (PV) DTs remained ALA inducible for uroporphyrinogenesis/photolysis. Exposure of DT-infected cells to ALA was noted by fluorescence microscopy to result in host-parasite differential porphyrinogenesis: porphyrin fluorescence emerged first in the host cells and then in the intra-PV amastigotes. DT-infected and control cells differed qualitatively and quantitatively in their porphyrin species, consistent with the expected multi- and monoporphyrinogenic specificities of the host cells and the DTs, respectively. After ALA removal, the neogenic porphyrins were rapidly lost from the host cells but persisted as URO in the intra-PV DTs. These DTs were thus extremely light sensitive and were lysed selectively by illumination under nonstringent conditions in the relatively ROS-resistant phagolysosomes. Photolysis of the intra-PV DTs returned the distribution of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules and the global gene expression profiles of host cells to their preinfection patterns and, when transfected with ovalbumin, released this antigen for copresentation with MHC class I molecules. These Leishmania mutants thus have considerable potential as a novel model of a universal vaccine carrier for photodynamic immunotherapy/immunoprophylaxis.
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Jurczuk, Krzysztof, Marcin Czajkowski, and Marek Kretowski. "Fitness evaluation reuse for accelerating GPU-based evolutionary induction of decision trees." International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications 35, no. 1 (September 15, 2020): 20–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1094342020957393.
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Decision trees (DTs) are one of the most popular white-box machine-learning techniques. Traditionally, DTs are induced using a top-down greedy search that may lead to sub-optimal solutions. One of the emerging alternatives is an evolutionary induction inspired by the biological evolution. It searches for the tree structure and tests simultaneously, which results in less complex DTs with at least comparable prediction performance. However, the evolutionary search is computationally expensive, and its effective application to big data mining needs algorithmic and technological progress. In this paper, noting that many trees or their parts reappear during the evolution, we propose a reuse strategy. A fixed number of recently processed individuals (DTs) is stored in a so-called repository. A part of the repository entry (related to fitness calculations) is maintained on a CPU side to limit CPU/GPU memory transactions. The rest of the repository entry (tree structures) is located on a GPU side to speed up searching for similar DTs. As the most time-demanding task of the induction is the DTs’ evaluation, the GPU first searches similar DTs in the repository for reuse. If it fails, the GPU has to evaluate DT from the ground up. Large artificial and real-life datasets and various repository strategies are tested. Results show that the concept of reusing information from previous generations can accelerate the original GPU-based solution further. It is especially visible for large-scale data. To give an idea of the overall acceleration scale, the proposed solution can process even billions of objects in a few hours on a single GPU workstation.