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Journal articles on the topic 'Drying system control'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 30 May 2022

Last updated: 31 May 2022

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1

Di, Shuyu, and Shumei Di. "The Development and Implementation of Alcohol Plant Fan Drying Control System." International Journal of Modeling and Optimization 4, no. 2 (February 2014): 137–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.7763/ijmo.2014.v4.361.

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2

Aprillia, Bandiyah Sri, Brahmantya Aji Pramudita, and Prisma Megantoro. "Temperature Control System on Greenhouse Effect Gaplek Dryer." JURNAL INFOTEL 14, no. 1 (February 26, 2022): 50–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.20895/infotel.v14i1.736.

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Gaplek is a processed product of cassava that requires a drying process to remove the water content in cassava. Solar thermal energy can be used for the drying process of gaplek by using a greenhouse effect drying system. However, the greenhouse effect drying system using solar thermal energy is very dependent on weather conditions and temperature that is difficult to control. Therefore, a temperature control system is proposed in this study by utilizing Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) to control the exhaust fan speed. Thus, the temperature can be maintained according to the drying standard of processed cassava products. In this study, a temperature control system has been successfully created that is able to maintain the temperature in the drying room according to the drying standard, namely at a temperature of 50℃ to 60℃ when tested in three different locations, namely, Sukamaju Village, Kaligunting Village, and Sumberejo Village which have shown optimal drying temperature.

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3

Yuan, Yan Wei, Zheng Sun, Shu Jun Li, Xin Dong, Jun Ning Zhang, and Li Ming Zhou. "Adaptive Control System of Coated Seed Dryer." Applied Mechanics and Materials 536-537 (April 2014): 1261–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.536-537.1261.

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In order to improve the efficiency of the coated seed dryers, improve the drying quality and reduce energy consumption, the adaptive control technology of coated seed dryer was studied. Detection system for temperature measuring, material level measuring, and wind speed and direction measuring were fixed on the drying equipment. According to the detected data, the adaptive control system controlled the dryer blade to adjust the temperature and intensity of air intake. This technology accurately controlled the drying air temperature, moisture and moisture content in the seeds. The test results show that the drying efficiency is 1.38 times of the original dryer, while the power consumption reduces to 40.05%, and intake air temperature reduced 19.84°C, which can improve the seed activity.

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4

Feng, Jingxiao, and Xijuan Wang. "Research on electrical automatic control system based on PLC." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2258, no. 1 (April 1, 2022): 012079. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2258/1/012079.

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Abstract At present, automatic control technology is widely used in the field of drying. Although the existing processing technology can basically ensure the quality of drying, there are some problems, such as low production efficiency, low thermal efficiency, uneven hot air cloth, inaccurate temperature control and so on. The application of electromagnetic technology can improve the efficiency of drying and processing. It has remarkable energy-saving effect. In the drying process, aiming at the technical problems such as incomplete volatilization of water and difficult stability of temperature in rapid drying, a drying system based on PLC control is designed in this paper. Using PLC as the main controller of the control system, through the reasonable control of the changes of temperature and humidity in the drying process, a more efficient processing process can be realized. The drying quality can be improved, and the process flow of mass processing and production can be realized. Through the experimental analysis of the drying process, it is proved that the control accuracy of the research content in this paper is more accurate, which not only improves the automation level in the drying process, but also reduces the labor cost in the process, and has high technical application value.

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5

Wang, Zheng Shun, Yu Dou, and Chang Jian Zhou. "Studying on Expert Control System Used in the Electromagnetic Drying." Advanced Materials Research 588-589 (November 2012): 1573–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.588-589.1573.

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Starting with single loop, on the base of electromagnetic drying system, simple mathematical model for paper-drying control was studied by experimental modeling and an model for drying loops of dryer was gained. The interrelation among each loops was analyzed, and a bridge among them was set up combing with worker’s experience. The coordinated control between single drying loop and several drying loops under expert control was summarized, and the system design and the program of the whole paper-drying control loops were designed.The studying of the application has shown that expert control is advanced and effective on both equipment and control precision.

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6

Марсов, Вадим Израилевич, Александр Маркович Колбасин, Марина Юрьевна Абдулханова, and Андрей Валентинович Курилин. "Two-channel control system of thermal drying." Automation and Control in Technical Systems, no. 2 (January 4, 2015): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/2306-1561-2014-2-13.

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7

Di, Shu Yu, and Huan Yu Chi. "Design and Simulation of Automatic Control System for Feed-Drier." Applied Mechanics and Materials 548-549 (April 2014): 990–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.548-549.990.

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Based on the research on the dynamic changes of the water content in the drying stages of using Alcohol to produce high-protein feed DDGS, advanced intelligent control method is proposed and water content in the feed and the drying time are used as the main control parameter. On the basis of one for there frequency conversion and PLC, intelligent control system for the drier fan is designed to realize the efficient control of quality online detecting and recognition in the drying process. Many problems such as low accuracy, large wastage, high cost and so on are solved and thereby the work efficiency of the drying unit is enhanced. On the basis of simulation, several test-beds were built, and a large number of experimental studies. This system proves to be the most efficient with drying and optimizing the dryer index at the different stages. The calculated results indicate that the drying method has drying efficient and energy saving features.

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8

Peng, Yuhao, and Tianping Ren. "Design of Heat Exchange System of Sand Core Drying Furnace." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2083, no. 3 (November 1, 2021): 032056. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2083/3/032056.

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Abstract Heat exchange system is a circulatory drying system on sand core drying furnace. However, there are some shortcomings in the heat exchange system of sand core drying furnace in the current industrial field. For example, the temperature in the drying process is not stable enough, and the optimal temperature control parameters are difficult to choose. In this study, a proportional regulating heat exchange system is designed. The system adopts SIMATIC 1200 programmable logic controller as controller, motor-driven control valve as actuator and back propagation neural network proportion integral differential control algorithm. After sand core drying test, the results revealed that the proportional regulating heat exchange system can realize automatic control of sand core drying temperature and output the optimal combination of heat exchange system control parameters. Compared to the previous heat exchange system, it has better drying temperature control stability.

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9

Jia Heming, Song Wenlong, Wang Haitao, and Yang Xin. "Immune PID Algorithm of Wood Drying Control System." International Journal of Advancements in Computing Technology 4, no. 9 (May 31, 2012): 248–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4156/ijact.vol4.issue9.29.

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10

KONDO, Yoshio. "A Drying System Using Wavelength Control Infrared Heater." Journal of the Surface Finishing Society of Japan 66, no. 7 (2015): 300–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.4139/sfj.66.300.

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11

Sereda, T. G., and S. N. Kostarev. "Development of automated control system for wood drying." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1015 (May 2018): 042022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1015/4/042022.

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12

Wolszczak, Piotr, and Waldemar Samociuk. "The control system of the yeast drying process." MATEC Web of Conferences 241 (2018): 01022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201824101022.

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The article presents the results of choosing how to control a real non-linear object. Yeast drying requires a precise temperature control due to the possibility of overheating. The object changes properties during of the process flow. Object identification is used and a mathematical model is developed. The model is used to select roboust control methods. The results are compared to the system of two PID regulators used in practice.

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13

Martynenko, A. I. "Computer-Vision System for Control of Drying Processes." Drying Technology 24, no. 7 (August 2006): 879–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07373930600734067.

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14

Stawczyk, J., J. Comaposada, P. Gou, and J. Arnau. "Fuzzy Control System for a Meat Drying Process." Drying Technology 22, no. 1-2 (December 31, 2004): 259–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/drt-120028232.

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15

Li, Changyou, Hua Ban, and Wenhao Shen. "Self-Adaptive Control System of Grain Drying Device." Drying Technology 26, no. 11 (October 10, 2008): 1351–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07373930802333437.

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16

Hasan, Syaiful, Amalia Herlina, and Muhammad Hasan Basri. "Prototipe Perancangan Control System of Corn Dryer Machine Dengan Mikrokontroler." Buletin Ilmiah Sarjana Teknik Elektro 1, no. 3 (December 30, 2019): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.12928/biste.v1i3.1099.

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Selama ini masyarakat di Indonesia melakukan pengeringan jagung dengan cara konvensional, yaitu dengan cara menjemur langsung di bawah sinar matahari. Selain tidak efektif cara tersebut juga sangat bergantung pada cahaya matahari. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini mengusulkan tentang mesin pengering jagung dengan menggunakan mikrokontroler dan pengendali PID agar pengeringan dapat berjalan dengan maksimal. Selain itu alasan pembuatan alat ini adalah agar pengeringan biji jagung dapat terus berjalan tidak bergantung pada cahaya matahari. Untuk mencapai kondisi jagung yang sesuai standar pengeringan yaitu 14%, diperlukan sensor SHT11 untuk mendeteksi kadar air yang ada pada jagung. Untuk pemanas menggunakan 5 elemen pemanas serta exhaust fan sebagai penghantar panas. Pengaturan kelembaban menggunakan set point yang ada pada mikrokontroler. Berdasarkan pengujian, alat dapat berjalan dengan baik dan memiliki keunggulan waktu yang pengeringan yang lebih pendek daripada metode konvensional. Hasil pengujian diperoleh hasil bahwa nilai rata-rata MEA (Mean Absolute Error) adalah 0,611% dan rata-rata RMSE (Root Mean Square Error) adalah 0,687%, Time Constan = 55 detik, Rise Time = 6,95 detik dan Setting Time = 164,45 detik pada set point RH 21,5%.So far, people in Indonesia are drying corn in a conventional way, namely by drying directly in the sun. Besides being ineffective, this method is also very dependent on sunlight. Therefore, this study proposes a corn drying machine using a microcontroller and PID controller so that drying can run optimally. Besides that, the reason for making this tool is that the drying of corn kernels can continue without dependence on sunlight. To achieve the conditions of corn in accordance with the drying standard of 14%, the SHT11 sensor is needed to detect the moisture content in corn. For heaters use 5 heating elements and exhaust fans as heat conductors. Humidity regulation using the setpoint that is on the microcontroller. Based on testing, the tool can run well and has the advantage of shorter drying time than conventional methods. The test results obtained that the average value of the MEA (Mean Absolute Error) is 0.611% and the average RMSE (Root Mean Square Error) is 0.687%, Time Constant = 55 seconds, Rise Time = 6.95 seconds and Setting Time = 164.45 seconds at 21.5% RH setpoint.

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17

Catania, Pietro, Raimondo Gaglio, Santo Orlando, Luca Settanni, and Mariangela Vallone. "Design and Implementation of a Smart System to Control Aromatic Herb Dehydration Process." Agriculture 10, no. 8 (August 5, 2020): 332. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture10080332.

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Drying is a process aimed at reducing the water content in plant materials below a limit where the activity of microbes and decomposing enzymes deteriorate the quality of medicinal and aromatic plants. Today, the interest of consumers towards medicinal and aromatic herbs has registered a growing trend. This study aims at designing a low-cost real-time monitoring and control system for the drying process of aromatic herbs and evaluating drying efficacy on the microbial community associated with the studied herbs. Hot-air drying tests of sage and laurel leaves were carried out in a dryer desiccator cabinet at 40 °C and 25% relative humidity using three biomass densities (3, 4 and 5 kg/m2). The prototype of the smart system is based on an Arduino Mega 2560 board, to which nine Siemens 7MH5102-1PD00 load cells and a DHT22 temperature and humidity sensor were added. The data acquired by the sensors were transmitted through Wi-Fi to a ThingSpeak account in order to monitor the drying process in real time. The variation in the moisture content of the product and the drying rate were obtained. The system provided a valid support decision during the drying process, allowing for the precise monitoring of the evolution of the biomass moisture loss and drying rate for laurel and sage. The three different biomass densities employed did not provide significant differences in the drying process for sage. Statistically significant differences among the three tests were found for laurel in the final part of the process. The microbial loads of the aromatic herbs after drying were influenced by the different leaf structures of the species; in particular, with laurel leaves, microbial survival increased with increasing biomass density. Finally, with the drying method adopted, the two species under consideration showed a different microbial stability and, consequently, had a different shelf life, longer for sage than laurel, as also confirmed by water activity (aw) values.

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18

Chen, Lin, and Xue Song Tai. "The Design and Test for the Intermittent Work-Style Drying System." Advanced Materials Research 490-495 (March 2012): 1728–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.490-495.1728.

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In order to improve the quality of microwave drying, we propose the microwave drying temperature control system which consists of microcontroller (AT89S52), temperature sensors (DS18b20) and other electronic components. The system can monitor the real-time temperature of the drying chamber and can control the drying process automatically , let the temperature cannot out of the permitted range(control the extent permitted automatically), these processes ensure the quality of the dried crop. The results shows that crops using the system are better than those that not used（using）. These tests proved (prove) that the microwave temperature control system can achieve its designed function.

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19

Mochalov, L. V., and V. G. Drozdov. "TECHNOLOGICAL FEATURES OF AUTOMATIC CONTROL OF LONG FIBRE PRODUCTION." Technologies & Quality, no. 1 (2020): 3–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.34216/2587-6147-2020-1-47-3-6.

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Machines for producing flax fibre as automatic control objects are described in this article. Versions of control of drying machine by control of amount of supplied heat, intensity of replacement of spent drying agent with fresh one, change of drying agent speed in drying region, change of material movement speed in drying space are considered. It is shown that what is the most rational way of controlling the moisture of retted straw is the way that uses a closed control system with negative feedback. The block diagram of the automatic drying control system that acts on the control object, in this case on the dryer, through the actuator, in order to reduce the amount of humidity deviation depending on the amount and the sign of deviation, is developed.

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20

Zhang, Xue, Ya Qiu Liu, and Qian Long Zhang. "The Distributed Control of Multi-Kiln Wood Drying Environment Based on Multi Agent System." Advanced Materials Research 466-467 (February 2012): 469–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.466-467.469.

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This paper introduces the basic performances of the multi-agent system. And according to the wood drying kiln distributed characteristics and the actual requirements of the wood drying factory, apply Multi-Agent System to the control of the wood drying; establish a multi-agent control system with the hierarchical control method. The system efficiently achieves the distributed control environment of the wood drying. And discuss about the real-time agent’s hardware structure in detail. Meanwhile apply the fuzzy theory to real-time intelligent agent’s software algorithm. And use it on the simulation experiment. Experimental results show that this method can improve the overall efficiency of the system. Application with this method in wood drying control is advanced.

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21

Yu, Ge. "PLC Control System of Microwave Drying Apparatus on Honeysuckle." Advance Journal of Food Science and Technology 9, no. 2 (August 5, 2015): 146–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.19026/ajfst.9.1950.

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22

Vijayanandh, D., V. M. Sivakumar, and M. Thirumarimurugan. "Design of Control System for a Pineapple Drying Process." Asian Journal of Research in Social Sciences and Humanities 6, no. 10 (2016): 797. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2249-7315.2016.01053.4.

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23

Koberle, M., V. Ďurišová, and T. Trebula. "Automatic Control System in Wood Drying Process: Case Study." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 19, no. 12 (November 1986): 159–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)59607-x.

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24

Gou, P., J. Comaposada, E. Serra, M. Corominas, M. Poch, and Jacint Arnau. "Fuzzy Control System in Drying Process of Fermented Sausages." Drying Technology 23, no. 9-11 (September 2005): 2055–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07373930500210523.

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25

Nagaya, K., Y. Ando, Ying Li, Z. Jin, M. Fukumuro, and A. Akaishi. "Low Temperature Desiccant Food Drying System and Its Control." Proceedings of Conference of Hokkaido Branch 2003.43 (2003): 226–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmehokkaido.2003.43.226.

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26

NAKAMURA, Makoto, Masakatsu FUJIMOTO, Teizoh SHIRAGAMI, Masayuki KITAZAWA, and Yoshiro SAKAI. "A Fish-Drying Control System Based on Human Expertise." Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers Series C 62, no. 603 (1996): 4236–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/kikaic.62.4236.

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27

Han, Feng, Chun Cheng Zuo, Hang Zhu, Wen Fu Wu, and Chun Shan Liu. "The Establish of Digital Simulation System on Continuous Cross-Flow Dryer." Advanced Materials Research 430-432 (January 2012): 1759–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.430-432.1759.

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Drying plays an important role in the post-harvesting process of grain, and the quality of the corn after drying has received an increasing concern. The mathematical model of grain drying plays an essential role in developing grain dryer structure and obtaining the drying technological parameters. Furthermore, an accurate mathematical model is a reference for automated control during drying process. In this paper, using mathematical models and quality model of the corn drying process, a digital simulation of corn drying machine system based on a virtual instrument was established for 5HSZ dryer. Finally, an on-line measurement and automated control software of grain parameters were developed providing the changes of moisture, temperature, humidity, and germination rate in the process of drying. The experimental results show that the simulation result is valid, which has practical merit of operation and technical optimization of dryer.

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28

Jing Huang, Jing Huang, Wei Xiong Jing Huang, Honglei Xu Wei Xiong, Jingyu Zhang Honglei Xu, and Xiaofeng Yu Jingyu Zhang. "Expert System for Drying Schemes of Agricultural Products Based on Fuzzy Control and BP Neural Network." 網際網路技術學刊 22, no. 6 (November 2021): 1253–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/160792642021112206005.

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29

Ren, Hong E., Long Chen, and Ji Feng Guo. "Study on Wood Drying Based on Neural Network and Expert System." Key Engineering Materials 467-469 (February 2011): 1164–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.467-469.1164.

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Wood drying is a complicated non-linear process that is lagged,time-variable and coupling. For them,it is difficult to build up ideal drying model,which is corresponding to reality.The paper put forward the drying method of vacuum dehumidification.This drying method is based on neural network and expert system. The test results showed that the control method were better than traditional PID control.The control system could meet requirement of precision and a fast convergence and small overshoot.

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30

Saakian, Alexander. "Investigation of the possibility of regulation and automatic optimization of the control system of a chamber grain dryer." АгроЭкоИнфо 4, no. 46 (July 19, 2021): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.51419/20214406.

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The regulation of the coolant speed during convective drying in a stationary grain layer allows the maximum use of the amount of heat energy for drying the material. The paper presents the results of a study of the regulation of the coolant speed on an experimental drying plant for use in the automatic control system of a chamber grain dryer. The article also discusses the issues of energy saving efficiency in drying chambers. The possibility of automatic control of the main parameters control system using a microcontroller is analyzed. Keywords: DRYING MODES, DRYING ZONE, AUTOMATIC CONTROL, TEMPERATURE CONTROLLER, FAN, OPTIMIZATION, MICROCONTROLLER, FREQUENCY CONVERTER

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31

Wang, Shi Jun. "Human-in-the-Loop Intelligent Control System for Continuous-Flow Grain Drying." Advanced Materials Research 383-390 (November 2011): 1273–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.383-390.1273.

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Moisture content is one of the key controlled variables in grain drying processes. However, this variable cannot or is difficult to be controlled accurately, due to grain drying is a nonlinear process with multi-variables and long delay. To solve this problem, the study is focused on a new intelligent control system for continuous-flow dryer. Based on the manual control idea for controlling the outlet moisture content, a nonlinear process intelligent control algorithm is presented, a human-in-the-loop intelligent control model for grain drying is developed, a system of software structure based on Visual Basic 6.0 is designed.

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32

Nguyen, V. V., A. A. Shilin, V. G. Bukreev, F. V. Perevoshchikov, and A. A. Bryantsev. "Synthesis of Regulators of the Drying Plant Control System Based on Statistical Data." Proceedings of Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics 24, no. 2 (2021): 56–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.21293/1818-0442-2021-24-2-56-63.

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In the article a method to carry out a synthesis of regulators of the drying plant control system is considered based on the integration of known statistical data by the Lagrange polynomial. An algorithm to correct the parameters of regulators in problematic modes of operation of the drying plant is proposed. It is shown that the control system developed and implemented on the PLC provides stable control of temperature and humidity during the drying of materials

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33

Rahardi, Gamma Aditya, Widjonarko Widjonarko, and Satryo Budi Utomo Utomo. "Design of Rice Dryer Automation System Using Fuzzy MIMO Method." INAJEEE Indonesian Journal of Electrical and Eletronics Engineering 5, no. 1 (March 30, 2022): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.26740/inajeee.v5n1.p19-24.

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Rice is one of the most important cultivated plants in human civilization. One of the most important post-harvest processes is drying. Therefore, we need a drying process with an artificial heat source that can be adjusted to achieve constant heat according to the temperature characteristics of the rice. By applying the Fuzzy-MIMO control system, rice drying is expected to work quickly without damaging the rice foam. Fuzzy-MIMO system is translated into a rule based on the fuzzy algorithm that has been created. The fuzzy-MIMO method used is the Sugeno method with input temperature errors and humidity errors and outputs in the form of heat and wind gusts. The temperature sensor used has an error factor of 3.61%. The expected control system is a heating system and a motor to regulate the wind gusts in the drying chamber. The total drying time produced is 240 seconds with a moisture content of 15.2%. Drying time is influenced by the initial moisture content of rice.

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34

Artemova, S. V., A. G. Shmeleva, M. A. Kamenskaya, M. I. Beskhmelnov, and E. S. Mityakov. "INTELLIGENT CONTROL SYSTEM FOR THE DRYING PROCESS OF PASTY MATERIALS IN ROLLER-BELT DRYING PLANTS." Современные наукоемкие технологии (Modern High Technologies), no. 3 2022 (2022): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.17513/snt.39066.

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35

Yu, Li Jun, Jing Guang Sun, Jia Chen, and Hui Wang. "The Application of CFD in Wood Drying Kiln System Identification." Applied Mechanics and Materials 391 (September 2013): 386–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.391.386.

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As wood drying kiln system has the nonlinear characteristics of a large lag, multivariable, large inertia and strong coupling. It is difficult to establish an accurate mathematical model of the wood drying kiln system by using traditional mathematical Modeling method. The data of wood drying kiln is drawn by CFD-Fluent, and the translate function of the control system is obtained by Matlab system identification. The simulation results show that the method has good accuracy, and can meet the control requirements of the system.

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36

Zhao, Wu Yun, Qiang Fei, Jie Yang, and Fei Dai. "Design of 5HZL-1200 Type Maize Ear Vertical Drying System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 456 (October 2013): 571–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.456.571.

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Corn grain drying not only required high productivity, but also guaranteed the quality of the dry ear after good. Consequently, we design 5HZL-1200 type maize ear vertical drying system, the control part of which was corn grain drying monitoring system developed on the kingview. It overcomed the problem of low efficiency of seeds drying, artificial error and so on. The experimental results of using the vertical drying system for corn grain drying experiment showed that adopting vertical type of drying made its drying time 21h shorter than that of flat drying,moreover, the precipitation rate was increased on average by 42.8%, the operation cost was saved of 36. 8%, and corn grain crushing rate was reduced by 2.2%. the system had proved to have a series of characteristics, including high thermal efficiency, small occupied area, good drying quality, low unit cost , and high automation, etc.

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37

Gorokhovsky, Alexandr G., Elena E. Shishkina, and Artem S. Agafonov. "Lumber Convective Drying Based on Controlled Moisture Transfer." Lesnoy Zhurnal (Forestry Journal), no. 1 (February 1, 2022): 166–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2022-1-166-172.

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Wood drying (in particular lumber drying), which almost entirely determines the quality of the wooden products, is one of the most complicated and energy-consuming processes in wood processing. Convective drying of lumber, in all its varieties, remains the most common by far. Computer modeling of wood drying processes is usually based on solving systems of differential heat and mass transfer equations. The methods for solving such systems, both analytical and numerical, are well researched and developed. However, the most important methodological issue is the correct formulation of the boundary conditions that determine the process of interrelated heat and mass transfer at the interface (wood – moist air). The convective drying has traditionally used the boundary conditions of type III by Academician A.V. Lykov, which are characterized by a sufficiently close correspondence between the mass flows moving from the wood depth and at the interface. This correspondence is described by the value of the so-called Bio mass transfer criterion. A computational experiment was carried out to verify these assumptions. It enabled to determine the possible controllability of the moisture removal during low-temperature convective drying of conventional lumber using modes of three-step and stepless structure. Besides this, the influence of the moisture removal on the dynamics of the internal stresses in wood was also studied. The results have shown that the stepless drying modes, on the one hand, offer a significant improvement in drying quality with practically no loss of drying capacity, and on the other hand, have better controllability. The results of the previously conducted and mentioned studies made it possible to propose general principles and then to patent a system for automatic control of moisture transfer during wood drying, which is fundamentally different from the previously known wood drying control systems. The system controls the drying process by adjusting the ratio of external to internal moisture transfer, rather than the value of the media parameters in the chamber. The moisture transfer control system for convective drying of lumber is of limited control: it cannot fully stabilize the values of the Bio mass transfer criterion. However, its use maintains a certain balance between internal and external moisture transfer, ensures the required drying quality and almost completely eliminates the occurrence of defects. For citation: Gorokhovsky A.G., Shishkina E.E., Agafonov A.S. Lumber Convective Drying Based on Controlled Moisture Transfer. Lesnoy Zhurnal [Russian Forestry Journal], 2022, no. 1, pp. 166–172. DOI: 10.37482/0536-1036-2022-1-166-172

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Groombridge, P., A. Oloyede, and E. Siores. "A Control System for Microwave Processing of Materials." Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering 122, no. 1 (April 1, 1999): 253–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.538902.

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This paper discusses a control system for microwave processing of materials. Microwave joining of ceramics and drying of timber are currently industry practices while microwave joining of engineering plastics and curing of epoxy adhesives are still being researched. In this study, all materials are processed in rectangular sections of waveguide fed by a magnetron with a maximum output power of 2 kW operating at 2.45 GHz. The most significant problems encountered when processing these materials are: (i) maintaining proper tuning to ensure maximum power transfer, (ii) thermal runaway, where the heating rate proceeds so rapidly that the material burns within a few seconds, and (iii) hot spot development, where localized regions heat up at a faster rate than adjacent regions. A computerized automated control system has been developed to alleviate these processing problems and has been successfully employed in joining a range of ceramics and engineering plastics, curing epoxy adhesives and drying wood. Results of preliminary tests obtained using the developed prototype are presented. [S1087-1357(00)71701-1]

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Li, Zhi Xiang, Jian Feng Yang, Qing He, and Heng Wu Li. "A New Wave-Wheel Dishwasher Control System." Advanced Materials Research 443-444 (January 2012): 528–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.443-444.528.

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This paper describes a family dishwasher which has been applied for China Patents, it mainly introduces the wave-wheel dishwasher control system that adopts AT89S52 to be the control core. The article gives the hardware control circuit, provides the system’s main program and the keyboard interrupt program block diagram. Through practice, the system is operating reliably, its performance is stable, and can effectively complete the tasks of washing, disinfection and drying by full-automatic.

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Han, Feng, Chuncheng Zuo, Wenfu Wu, Junxing Li, and Zhe Liu. "Model Predictive Control of the Grain Drying Process." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2012 (2012): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/584376.

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Drying plays an important role in the postharvesting process of grain. To ensure the quality of the dried grain and improve the intelligent level in drying process, a digital simulation of corn drying machine system based on a virtual instrument was established for 5HSZ dryer, automatically control the air temperature, and predict the discharging speed of grain and so forth. Finally, an online measurement and automated control software of grain parameters were developed to provide the changes of moisture, temperature, humidity, and germination rate in the process of drying. The study carried out in the actual processing showed that it can meet the requirements of the actual drying operation, effectively control the stability of the grain moisture, and keep the dry food quality.

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Nurba, D., R. Agustina, M. Yasar, and A. Khurjannah. "Performance test of air input control system for paddy grain drying using in-store dryer." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 922, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/922/1/012032.

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Abstract The control system is e series of a system that is very important in today’s technology. Wherewith control system can make the human job easy and get a good result. This study used a controlled In-Store Dryer to dry 100 kg of grain with an initial moisture content of 17,77% to reach 14%. The study results using a control system, the average ambient temperature of the three tests ranged from 32°C to 33°C, and the RH ranged from 64,8 % to 68,6%. At the same time, the average temperature was 36,7°C to 37,5°C, and the average RH was 49,9% up to 64,7%. The drying airflow speed at the fan input is 6,2 m/s and at the chimney 9,2 m/s. Moisture content during drying differs for each thickness depending on the location, with an average drying rate of 0,92%. During drying, the moisture content varied for each consistency depending on the site, with the drying rate at an average ISD of 0.92% w / hr. total electrical energy consumption of 32.57 kWh and energy in biomass combustion 1,416,600 kJ. The quality during rice drying starts from the initial moisture content of 17.78% to reach the final moisture content of 10.44%.

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Zhou, Zheng, and Keqi Wang. "RBF based sliding mode control method for lumber drying system." Wood and Fiber Science 51, no. 3 (July 31, 2019): 300–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.22382/wfs-2019-028.

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Oliveira, Josenalde B. "Smooth Adaptive Robust Temperature Control of a Seed Drying System." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 46, no. 18 (August 2013): 6–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3182/20130828-2-sf-3019.00012.

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GOROHOVSKY, A. G., and E. E. SHISHKINA. "SYNTHESIS OF AN OPTIMAL SPEED CONTROL SYSTEM FOR DRYING LUMBER." Systems. Methods. Technologies, no. 1(49) (2021): 98–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.18324/2077-5415-2021-1-98-103.

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Wu, Ji Mei, Qiu Min Wu, Yan Feng Li, Zhi Cheng Xue, Yu Ling Zhang, and Li E. Ma. "Research on Drying System Based on the Lower Explosion Limit." Applied Mechanics and Materials 731 (January 2015): 407–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.731.407.

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In gravure printing process, it is easy to trigger an explosion for the explosive volatile solvents of drying system accumulated. In this paper, the lower explosion limit (LEL) is introduced to drying system of the gravure press, and the LEL value is calculated. Then added the LEL sensor to the drying system to monitor and control the concentration of gas in the solvent evaporation. Finally, the structure of the drying system is optimized. It is showed that the consumption of the steam is reduced sharply, the drying system has pronounced energy-saving effect, and operated more steadily and more efficiently.

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Yuan, Yupeng, Shan Liang, Shaojun Gan, Jiaqi Zhong, and Qingyu Xiong. "Expert control system–based multimode hybrid switching control strategy for microwave lignite drying." Drying Technology 35, no. 12 (June 13, 2017): 1468–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07373937.2016.1254652.

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Li, Bin, Zhiheng Zeng, Xuefeng Zhang, and Ye Zhang. "Study on the Variable-Temperature Drying Process of Corn Drying in an Industrial Corn-Drying System Equipped with a Self-Adaptive Control Heat Exchanger." Applied Sciences 11, no. 6 (March 19, 2021): 2772. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11062772.

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To realize energy-saving and efficient industrial grain drying, the present work studied the variable-temperature drying process of corn drying in a novel industrial corn-drying system with a heat recycling and self-adaptive control function. The drying kinetics, thermal performance, heat-loss characteristics and the heat-recycling performance of the drying system under different allocations between flue gas and hot air were investigated, and the optimized drying process was proposed and compared with two constant drying processes. The results showed that the optimized drying process exhibited better drying kinetic and thermal performance than the two constant drying processes. More specifically, the total heat loss, total energy consumption and specific energy consumption of the optimized drying process were ascertained to be 36,132.85 MJ, 48,803.99 MJ and 7290.27 kJ/kg, respectively, which were lower than those of the other two processes. On the other hand, the thermal efficiency of the drying chamber for the optimized drying process was ascertained to be varied within the range of 6.81–41.71%. Overall, the validation results showed that the optimized drying process can significantly improve the drying performance of the drying system.

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Kucharski, Jacek, Andrzej Fraczyk, and Piotr Urbanek. "Energy Efficient, Highly Precise Cascade Dryness Control for Fibrous Tape by Induction-Based Surface Heating of a Rotating Steel Cylinder with Moving Inductors." Applied Sciences 12, no. 1 (December 28, 2021): 261. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12010261.

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Drying various materials constitutes an essential component of several industrial processes, e.g., paper production. Typically, rotating cylinders heated internally by water steam are used for drying tape-shaped material in paper-making machines. Such an approach remains very energy-consuming, while the whole process is expensive and in conflict with the global policy of reducing energy consumption in heavy industry. One promising alternative method of drying fibrous tapes is the induction heating of drying cylinders. In this paper, we propose a drying system based on a set of inductors (electromagnetic field sources) that generate energy in the mantle of the cylinder and dry the running tape. By enabling the movement of the inductors, the system provides a high level of flexibility in terms of reacting to the varying humidity of the tape. Additionally, imaging the temperature field on the cylinder surface provides a supplementary source of information, enabling the temperature profile to be controlled. Two types of humidity control systems, a one-loop feedback control and a cascade control, were designed and analyzed. Simulation analysis and experimental verification performed using a semi-industrial setup proves that using the proposed cascade control ensures more than 30% faster response of the whole dryness control system.

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Хандожко, Виктор, Viktor Khandozhko, Олег Федонин, Oleg Fedonin, Виталий Матлахов, and Vitaliy Matlakhov. "Development of an automated humidity control in the drying box based devices by «OWEN»." Bulletin of Bryansk state technical university 2014, no. 2 (June 30, 2014): 80–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/23323.

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The automated system drying control of humidity in the drying box was considered in article. The educational stand humidity control in the drying box is designed based on the devices of "OWEN" used in automated manufacturing environment was presented.

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Muravyova, E. A., A. E. Listunova, S. Sh Iskakova, A. B. Kaziyeva, and A. N. Abdigaliyeva. "Development of the Adaptive Fuzzy Control System for a Parallel-Flow Drying Drum." E3S Web of Conferences 288 (2021): 01024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202128801024.

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The process of removing liquid from the surface or inner layers of materials is widely used by various enterprises. To implement such a process, such a method of dehydration as drying is most often used. In drying technology, drum dryers are the most common type. Controlling a drum dryer causes problems such as low efficiency (0.4-0.6) and high operating costs. To eliminate these problems, it is proposed to develop a system of adaptive fuzzy control of a continuous-flow drum dryer in order to increase the efficiency of control of technological processes of drying sand by using intelligent technologies. The method for this article is adaptive control using fuzzy logic control, which has the ability to control the parameters of the dryer depending on changes in the parameters of the control object or external disturbances acting on the control object. Adaptive fuzzy controllers are created on the basis of the proposed method. A model of the control object has been developed taking into account the links between the parameters of the technological regime. The processing of the research results was carried out using the MatLab software. The practical significance of the article lies in the fact that the results can be used in enterprises where parallel-flow drying drums are used to obtain a product of the highest quality, as well as to reduce the cost of purchasing raw materials.

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