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Journal articles on the topic 'Dry matter production'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 10 March 2023

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1

Ragab, R., F. Beese, and W. Ehlers. "A Soil Water Balance and Dry Matter Production Model: II. Dry Matter Production of Oat." Agronomy Journal 82, no. 1 (January 1990): 157–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj1990.00021962008200010034x.

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2

Friend, D., and R. H. V. Corley. "Measuring Coconut Palm Dry Matter Production." Experimental Agriculture 30, no. 02 (April 1994): 223. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479700024169.

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3

SONG, Xiang fu, Waichi AGATA, and Yoshinobu KAWAMITSU. "Studies on dry matter and grain production of F1 hybrid rice in China. I. Characteristics of dry matter production." Japanese journal of crop science 59, no. 1 (1990): 19–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1626/jcs.59.19.

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4

ABOAGYE, Lawrence Misa, Akihiro ISODA, Hiroshi NOJIMA, Yasuo TAKASAKI, Takao YOSHIMURA, and Toshio ISHIKAWA. "Plant Type and Dry Matter Production in Peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.) Cultivars. I. Varietal differences in dry matter production." Japanese journal of crop science 63, no. 2 (1994): 289–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1626/jcs.63.289.

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5

ONAHA, Anyu, Hidekazu IKEMIYA, and Fukunori NAKASONE. "Studies on the Dry Matter Production of Pineapple; Relationships between Dry Matter Productions and an Establishing Process of Yield." Journal of the Japanese Society for Horticultural Science 54, no. 4 (1986): 438–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2503/jjshs.54.438.

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6

Balick, Michael J., and Anthony Β. Anderson. "Dry matter allocation in Jessenia bataua (PALMAE)." Acta Amazonica 16 (1986): 135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1809-43921986161140.

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There are few assessments of lifetime dry matter production for tropical trees. However, several studies, have been carried out for palms. This study measures dry matter production for Jessenia bataua,a useful palm common in many areas of the Amazon Valley. Palms In the Ducke Forest Reserve Of INPA were studied. Approximately 34% of total aboveground dry matter production in this palm was, alllocated to reproductive effort, eg., the production of in florescences and fruits. The meaning of this percentage, to discussed, relative to percentages identified in other Neotropical palms.

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7

Manrique, L. A., J. R. Kinry, T. Hodges, and D. S. Axness. "Dry Matter Production and Radiation Interception of Potato." Crop Science 31, no. 4 (July 1991): 1044–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1991.0011183x003100040040x.

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8

Shi, Li Jun, Miao Huang, Wei Yu Zhang, and Hui Fen Liu. "Effect of Dry Matter Concentration on Dry Anaerobic Digestion of Animal Manure and Straw." Applied Mechanics and Materials 253-255 (December 2012): 897–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.253-255.897.

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In this paper anaerobic digestion of dairy manure and straw was conducted to produce biogas. Under the conditions of C/N=25-30 and T=36°C, five kinds of dry matter concentration of 20%, 15%, 10%, 5% and 2.5% were tested to investigate the effect of dry matter concentration on anaerobic digestion. The result showed that first 30 days was the biogas production peak phase and VFA concentrations in the leachate were also high during the same period. When dry matter concentration increased, biogas production appeared larger fluctuation, and alkalinity and NH4+-N concentration in the leachate also increased with higher organic loading rate. Among five kinds of dry matter concentration, 10% was more suitable for anaerobic digestion to produce biogas with total biogas production amount of 4710 mL after 30 days and volumetric biogas yield of 0.313 m3•m-3•d-1. These results could provide instructive meaning to the engineering application of dry anaerobic digestion.

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9

ITO, Koji, and Shinobu INANAGA. "Studies on dry matter production of Napiergrass. IV. Direct- and after-effects of temperature on leaf growth and dry matter production." Japanese journal of crop science 57, no. 4 (1988): 699–707. http://dx.doi.org/10.1626/jcs.57.699.

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10

Kolář, L., S. Kužel, J. Peterka, P. Štindl, and V. Plát. "Agrochemical value of organic matter of fermenter wastes in biogas production." Plant, Soil and Environment 54, No. 8 (August 12, 2008): 321–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/412-pse.

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We performed 28-day mesophilic fermentation of a mixture of pig slurry and primary (raw) sludge from the sedimentation stage of a wastewater treatment plant at a 1:1 ratio. The components and the original and fermented mixture of slurry and sludge were subjected to acid hydrolysis. Dry matter of the solid phase of both components and both mixtures was incubated with sandy-loamy Cambisol at a weight ratio 3:1 at 25°C for 20 weeks; in 14-day intervals lipids, crude protein, hemicelluloses, cellulose, lignin, total nitrogen and hot-water-insoluble solids were determined. Changes in ion-exchange and buffering capacity of the test materials were recorded. Labile organic matters were determined after 20 weeks of incubation. Liquid fractions of both components and their mixtures were analysed before and after anaerobic fermentation. It was concluded that beneficial effects of wastes as fertilisers from anaerobic digestion could be attributed to their liquid fraction. After anaerobic digestion the solid fraction of these wastes has relatively increased ion exchange capacity as well as buffering capacity but it is very stable, hardly degradable organic matter, and therefore it cannot play the role of organic matter in soil. This is the reason why it should not be considered as an organic fertiliser.

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11

Matsakas, Leonidas, and Paul Christakopoulos. "Optimization of ethanol production from high dry matter liquefied dry sweet sorghum stalks." Biomass and Bioenergy 51 (April 2013): 91–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2013.01.007.

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12

Ishii, Yasuyuki, Nobuaki Yamaguchi, and Sachiko Idota. "Dry matter production and in vitro dry matter digestibility of tillers among napiergrass (Pennisetum purpureum Schumach) varieties." Grassland Science 51, no. 2 (June 2005): 153–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-697x.2005.00021.x.

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13

Marcelis, L. F. M., A. Elings, M. J. Bakker, E. Brajeul, J. A. Dieleman, P. H. B. de Visser, and E. Heuvelink. "MODELLING DRY MATTER PRODUCTION AND PARTITIONING IN SWEET PEPPER." Acta Horticulturae, no. 718 (October 2006): 121–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2006.718.13.

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14

Louwerse, W., L. Sibma, and J. van Kleef. "Crop photosynthesis, respiration and dry matter production of maize." Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Science 38, no. 2 (June 1, 1990): 95–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/njas.v38i2.16597.

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Aboveground net photosynthesis and respiration of maize cv. LG11 was determined in the field between mid-June and end-Oct. at regular intervals (1-2 weeks) at 12.5 and 22.5 degrees C by measuring the CO2 uptake or release in mobile crop enclosures. The actual growth rate of the crop was determined from fortnightly harvests. Temp. dependence of photosynthesis was highest in the early (until mid-July) and very late (early Oct.) stages of crop growth, showing a reduction of about 50% at the higher irradiances (>400 W/msuperscript 2). In the period of major DM production (mid-July to Sep.) the reduction was only 12-15%. Assuming maintenance respiration to become constant for cobs and grain exceeding a yield of 1000 kg/ha and for stems exceeding 2500 kg/ha, the measured and calculated dark respiration at 22.5 degrees matched fairly well. At 12.5 degrees the calculation, using the same assumptions, significantly overestimated dark respiration during the first part of the growing period. The carbon balance sheet showed that from the total amount of CO2 absorbed by the crop (equivalent to 30.7 t DM/ha), 30% was lost by aboveground respiration and 50% was invested in aboveground harvestable material. The remaining 20% was assumed to be transported to plant parts below ground. Substantial losses of DM at the end of the growing season did not occur. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

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15

KANDA, Manabu, and Yoko HANAI. "Modification of Dry-Matter Production Model and Its Performance." Journal of Japan Society of Hydrology and Water Resources 11, no. 5 (1998): 472–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3178/jjshwr.11.472.

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16

Belesky, D. P., J. P. S. Neel, and J. M. Ruckle. "Prairiegrass-Brassica Hybrid Swards for Autumn Dry Matter Production." Agronomy Journal 98, no. 5 (September 2006): 1227–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj2006.0037.

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17

Manrique, Luis A. "Leaf Area Development and Dry Matter Production of Cassava." Agronomy Journal 82, no. 5 (September 1990): 887–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj1990.00021962008200050008x.

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18

Overman, A. R., and R. V. Scholtz. "Dry Matter Production and Cutting Interval for Perennial Grasses." Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 34, no. 1-2 (March 2003): 225–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/css-120017427.

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19

Nádasy, Erzsébet, and Gábor Wágner. "Dry matter production of green pea influenced by herbicides." Cereal Research Communications 33, no. 1 (March 2005): 377–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/crc.33.2005.1.93.

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20

Heitholt, James J., and D. B. Egli. "Influence of deflowering on dry matter production of soybeans." Field Crops Research 12 (January 1985): 163–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-4290(85)90062-0.

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21

Castro Filho, Edivilson Silva, Evandro Neves Muniz, José Henrique de Albuquerque Rangel, Gladston Rafael de Arruda Santos, José Adelson Santana Neto, and Helber Rodrigues de Araujo. "Dry matter yield and bromatological composition of gliricidia in different crop densities." Ciência Rural 46, no. 6 (June 2016): 1038–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20150782.

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ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different gliricidia planting densities on productive and qualitative parameters. The experiment was carried out at the Experimental Station Pedro Arle, Embrapa Tabuleiros Costeiros (Embrapa Coastal Tablelands), in Frei Paulo, Sergipe, Brazil. The effect of densities of 10,000; 20,000; 30,000 and 40,000 plants ha-1 was tested in biomass production (fresh and dry), dry matter content (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid-detergent fiber (ADF), in gliricidia leaves and tender stems. The experiment consisted of a randomized block design with four replications. Production of leaf and stem fresh biomass; production of leaf dry matter; percentage of fresh leaves in relation to the total fresh matter; and percentage of leaf dry matter of 13 cuttings were evaluated from September 2nd, 2009 to December 18th, 2013. There was increase in the production of total fresh matter, leaf fresh matter, and leaf dry matter (P<0.05) in planting densities greater than 20,000 plants ha-1. Year effect (P<0.05) was found only for total production of fresh matter, production of fresh leaves, percentage of leaf fresh matter, leaf dry matter content and crude protein.

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22

Kamalak, A., O. Canbolat, Y. Gurbuz, and O. Ozay. "Comparison of in vitro gas production technique with in situ nylon bag technique to estimate dry matter degradation." Czech Journal of Animal Science 50, No. 2 (December 6, 2011): 60–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/3996-cjas.

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Dry matter (DM) degradation of wheat straw (WS), barley straw (BS), lucerne hay (LH) and maize silage (MS) was determined using two different techniques: (i) in vitro gas production and (ii) nylon bag degradability technique. In vitro gas production and in situ DM disappearance were measured after 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours of incubation. In situ and in vitro DM degradation kinetics was described using the equation y = a + b (1 – e<sup>ct</sup>). In all incubations there were significant (P < 0.001) correlations between gas production and in situ DM disappearance or estimated parameters ((a + b)<sub>ga</sub><sub>s</sub> and (a + b)<sub>is</sub> or (a + b)<sub>gas</sub> and EDMD<sub>is</sub>) whereas there were no significant (P > 0.05) correlations between c<sub>gas</sub> and c<sub>is</sub> or b<sub>gas</sub> and b<sub>is</sub>. Gas production from the insoluble fraction (b) alone explained 98.3% of the variation of EDMD. The inclusion of gas production from the quickly soluble fraction (a) and rate constant (c) of gas production in the regression equation improved the accuracy of EDMD prediction. The correlations between the results of both methodologies seem to be sufficiently strong to predict degradability parameters from gas production parameters. It was concluded that the in vitro gas production technique has good potentiality to predict in situ DM disappearance and some DM degradation parameters.    

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23

Seseray, Daniel Yohanis, Budi Santoso, and Marlyn Nelce Lekitoo. "Produksi Rumput Gajah (Pennisetum purpureum) yang Diberi Pupuk N, P dan K dengan Dosis 0, 50 dan 100% pada Devoliasi Hari ke-45." Sains Peternakan 11, no. 1 (March 1, 2013): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/sainspet.11.1.49-55.

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<p>Production of elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) would be better if fertilized with the proper doses and appropriate. This study aimed to determine the production of fresh matter, dry matter, ratio of grass stems and leaves, dry matter and organic matter of elephant grass given fertilizer N, P and K with the doses of 0%, 50% and 100% at defoliation at 45th day. This study used an experimental method of randomized block design experiment consisted of 5 and 3 treatments<br />groups, so there were 15 experimental units. The treatments used were: Treatment 1 (control/not fertilizer), Treatment 2 (100 kg Urea/ha; 50 kg TSP/ha; 50 kg KCl/ha) and Treatment 3 (200 kg Urea/ha, 100 kg TSP/ha: 100 kg KCl/ha). The results showed that the doses of fertilization treatments did not significantly (P≥ 0,05) affect the fresh matter, dry matter, ratio of grass stems:leaves, dry matter and organic matter value of elephant grass at the first harvest aged 45th day. Treatment 2 and 3 increased forage the fresh matter production by 29.86% and 28.51%, respectively, while production of dry matter by 28.85% and 30.77% compared to treatment 1 (control). The ratio of grass stems and leaves varied between 59.1 - 61.26%:38,7 - 40, 9%. Organic matter content tended to increase with increasing doses of N, P and K fertilizer.<br />Key words : elephant grass production, N, P, and K fertilizer, fertilizer doses</p>

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24

Seseray, Daniel Yohanis, Budi Santoso, and Marlyn Nelce Lekitoo. "Produksi Rumput Gajah (Pennisetum purpureum) yang Diberi Pupuk N, P dan K dengan Dosis 0, 50 dan 100% pada Devoliasi Hari ke-45." Sains Peternakan 11, no. 1 (March 1, 2013): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/sainspet.v11i1.4874.

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<p>Production of elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) would be better if fertilized with the proper doses and appropriate. This study aimed to determine the production of fresh matter, dry matter, ratio of grass stems and leaves, dry matter and organic matter of elephant grass given fertilizer N, P and K with the doses of 0%, 50% and 100% at defoliation at 45th day. This study used an experimental method of randomized block design experiment consisted of 5 and 3 treatments<br />groups, so there were 15 experimental units. The treatments used were: Treatment 1 (control/not fertilizer), Treatment 2 (100 kg Urea/ha; 50 kg TSP/ha; 50 kg KCl/ha) and Treatment 3 (200 kg Urea/ha, 100 kg TSP/ha: 100 kg KCl/ha). The results showed that the doses of fertilization treatments did not significantly (P≥ 0,05) affect the fresh matter, dry matter, ratio of grass stems:leaves, dry matter and organic matter value of elephant grass at the first harvest aged 45th day. Treatment 2 and 3 increased forage the fresh matter production by 29.86% and 28.51%, respectively, while production of dry matter by 28.85% and 30.77% compared to treatment 1 (control). The ratio of grass stems and leaves varied between 59.1 - 61.26%:38,7 - 40, 9%. Organic matter content tended to increase with increasing doses of N, P and K fertilizer.<br />Key words : elephant grass production, N, P, and K fertilizer, fertilizer doses</p>

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25

Fulkerson, WJ, and PJ Michell. "Production response to feeding wheat grain to milking cows." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 25, no. 2 (1985): 253. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9850253.

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Friesian cows in their 6th to 8th month of lactation, on a basal diet of 8 kg silage and 6.4 kg pasture (dry matter), were supplemented with 2.14 kg (2.4 kg as fed) of whole or hammermilled wheat (dry matter)/day. Cows fed hammermilled wheat produced 3.43 kg more milk fat and gained 10 kg more body weight than unsupplemented cows over the 8-week feeding period (February and March). Cows fed whole wheat produced no more milk fat but gained 6 kg more body weight than unsupplemented cows. The marginal response to feeding hammermilled wheat was 0.029 kg milk fat/kg wheat (dry matter). The difference in production response between whole and hammermilled wheat is in line with their apparent digestibilities of 14.4 and 93%, respectively.

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26

Wei, C., S. X. Lin, J. L. Wu, G. Y. Zhao, T. T. Zhang, and W. S. Zheng. "Effects of supplementing vitamin E on in vitro rumen gas production, volatile fatty acid production, dry matter disappearance rate, and utilizable crude protein." Czech Journal of Animal Science 60, No. 8 (April 9, 2018): 335–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/8402-cjas.

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Two in vitro trials were carried out to study the effects of supplementing vitamin E (V<sub>E</sub>) on rumen fermentation. In Trial I, four levels of V<sub>E</sub> product (purity 50%), i.e. 0, 15, 30, and 60 mg/kg dry matter (DM) of feed (equivalent to 0, 7.5, 15, 30 IU V<sub>E</sub>/kg DM) were supplemented to a typical feed mixture, respectively, as experimental treatments. The gas test technique of Menke et al. (1979) was used to measure gas and volatile fatty acid (VFA) production. In Trial II, the in vitro incubation technique of Zhao and Lebzien (2000) was used to determine DM disappearance rate and utilizable crude protein (uCP). Four levels of V<sub>E</sub>, i.e. 0, 7.5, 15, 30 IU/kg DM were supplemented to the same feed mixture as in Trial I, respectively, as experimental treatments. The results showed that supplementing V<sub>E</sub> increased total gas production (P < 0.01) and tended to increase methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) production (P = 0.087). Supplementing V<sub>E</sub> also increased total VFA (P < 0.05) and propionate (P < 0.05), tended to increase acetate production (P = 0.084), and significantly increased DM disappearance rate (P < 0.05) and uCP (P < 0.01). It was concluded that supplementing V<sub>E</sub> at 30 IU/kg DM under the conditions of present trials with 11.1 IU/kg DM in the feed mixture improved in vitro rumen fermentation of feed mixture. Further research is necessary to confirm the effects of supplementing V<sub>E</sub> using in vivo trials.

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27

Regan, KL, KHM Siddique, NC Turner, and BR Whan. "Potential for increasing early vigour and total biomass in spring wheat. II. Characteristics associated with early vigour." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 43, no. 3 (1992): 541. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9920541.

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Increased early growth and total dry matter production have been suggested as useful traits to improve yield in Mediterranean-type environments. In Part I, genotypic variation for early growth and total dry matter production was identified among cultivars and some introduced lines. In this part, characteristics associated with early vigour in five of these introduced lines and ten Australian cultivars were examined in a field study at Wongan Hills in Western Australia. Differences in dry matter production were observed at all sampling times during the season, with three of the introduced lines (CEP 8058, Kansu No. 32 and V979-28) having consistently higher dry matter production than the standard cultivars during the early growth period. Those genotypes with a higher dry matter production at 54 days after sowing had higher relative growth rates and green area indices than those with low dry matter production. Both genotypes with large leaves on few tillers and genotypes with small leaves on many tillers had higher green area indices and higher dry matter production. While high dry matter production was associated with a large degree of ground cover and high light interception, it was not associated with the earlier commencement of reproductive development. Incorporation of early vigour and high dry matter production into locally adapted cultivars is required to demonstrate its benefit in these environments.

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28

SAITO, Kuniyuki, Sinya KASIWAGI, Takahiro KINOSITA, and Kuni ISHIHARA. "Characteristics of Dry Matter Production ocess in High Yielding Rice Varieties. IV. Dry matter accumulation in the panicle." Japanese journal of crop science 60, no. 2 (1991): 255–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1626/jcs.60.255.

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29

Nagasuga, Kiyoshi, Shunsuke Uchida, Hideyuki Kaji, Yuki Hayakawa, Sumiyo Nose, and Teruhisa Umezaki. "Seed Production, Dry Matter Production, and Light Intercepting Characteristics of Soybean Cultivar‘Misato-zairai’." Japanese Journal of Crop Science 80, no. 3 (2011): 326–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1626/jcs.80.326.

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30

ASANUMA, Koh-ichiro, and Michio OKUMURA. "Effect of Sowing Time on Dry Matter Production and Seed Production of Soybean." Japanese journal of crop science 60, no. 4 (1991): 484–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1626/jcs.60.484.

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31

Vieira, Elvis Lima, and Adriana Queiroz de Almeida. "Plant stimulant effect on Brasil-Bahia tobacco growth and production." Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical 40, no. 4 (December 2010): 468–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1983-40632010000400013.

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The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effect of the Stimulate® plant stimulant, applied to leaves by spraying, on tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) growth and production. The Brasil-Bahia tobacco and Stimulate®, at the doses of 0.0 mL L-1 (control - water); 1.0 mL L-1; 3.0 mL L-1; 5.0 mL L-1; and 11.0 mL L-1, in watery solution, were used. On the fifteenth day after sowing (DAS), the treatments were applied. A total of six sprayings were made, once a day, each five days. After forty-three DAS, the number of leaves; stem and root length; stem, roots, and leaves dry matter; and leaf area were evaluated, under nursery conditions. In the field, the plants remained for 64 days (107 DAS) and the number of leaves; number of viable leaves; plant height; stem and leaves dry matter; and leaf area were evaluated. Stimulate®, under nursery conditions, decreased stem, root and leaf dry matter and leaf area for tobacco. Stimulate® was also efficient to increase the number of leaves and stem length, under nursery conditions, for the Brasil-Bahia tobacco. Under field conditions, Stimulate®, applied during the vegetative stage, was not efficient to increase leaf production, however, it increased stem height and dry matter.

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32

Halevy, J., and A. Hartzook. "Dry Matter Accumulation and Nutrient Uptake of High-Yielding Peanut (Arachis Hypogaea L.) Grown in a Sandy Soil1." Peanut Science 15, no. 1 (January 1, 1988): 5–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3146/i0095-3679-15-1-2.

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Abstract Growth and NPK uptake of peanut of cultivar Shulamit (Arachis hypogaea L.) grown in a sandy soil (Xeropsamment - Torripsamment) was investigated under favorable semi-arid conditions conducive to high yields. The rate of dry matter production was slow until flowering at 44 days after planting when only 6% of the total dry matter had been produced. From flowering until 111 days. 58% of the total dry matter was produced with an average rate of 97 kg DM ha-1 day-1. Thereafter, from 112 days until 128 days, at the pod ripening stage, the rate was 233 kg DM ha-1 day-1. Total dry matter production was 11,200 kg ha-1, of which 54% was in the leaves and stems and 46% in the pods. The pod dry matter yield was 5200 kg ha-1. The total uptake of N and P followed generally that of dry matter production, whereas highest K uptake occurred at 128 days and then decreased by 26% at harvest time. The total uptake of N, P, and K was 300, 27 and 244 kg ha-1, respectively. At 128 days the N, P, and K in the pods was 63, 71, and 16% of the total uptake of N, P, and K, respectively.

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33

Ward, P. R., D. J. M. Hall, S. F. Micin, K. Whisson, T. M. Willis, K. Treble, and D. Tennant. "Water use by annual crops. 1. Role of dry matter production." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 58, no. 12 (2007): 1159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar07076.

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In southern Australia, expanding dryland salinity is the result of increased deep drainage associated with widespread replacement of native perennial vegetation by annual agricultural crops and pastures. Although perennial pastures have been shown to assist in slowing salinisation, their adoption has been slow, and annual crops and pastures are likely to remain as the dominant land use for the foreseeable future. Therefore, understanding the water balance of annual crops and pastures, and how it can be manipulated, is important in trying to manage salinity. In this research we investigate the effect of varying levels of dry matter production on components of the water balance (soil evaporation, transpiration, soil water storage, and drainage) for annual crops at contrasting sites and soil types in south-western Australia. Dry matter production was controlled by fertiliser addition and crop rotation, and varied by a factor of up to 2, depending on seasonal conditions. Deep drainage was zero for most sites and years, but where it was greater than zero, there was no discernible effect due to production level. Out of a total of 14 site/year comparisons, the difference in soil water extraction associated with greater dry matter production averaged 5 mm, and was greater than 20 mm on only 1 occasion. However, high dry matter production was associated with greater transpiration, at the expense of soil evaporation. Manipulating dry matter production is unlikely to have a substantial effect on deep drainage and the expansion of dryland salinity in south-western Australia.

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34

Fekadu, T., T. Acamovic, C. S. Stewart, and J. H. Topps. "Dry Matter and Protein Degradability of Leucaena." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) 1994 (March 1994): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600026829.

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There are major limitations imposed on animal production in tropical areas of the world. Some of the limitations are caused by the lack of availability of protein for animal consumption. This lack of dietary protein can be attributed to lack of pasture because of adverse environmental conditions, overgrazing which can lead to erosion and thus a poorer environment, poor soil condition and nutritional status. Often, grazing of mixed pastures and the provision of cereal crop residues are the fundamentals of ruminant nutrition in most tropical countries. These dietary substrates are frequently N-deficient and also frequently very high in fibre which limits digestibility. Such a dietary regime may maintain animals at low levels of production and may prevent their death during prolonged dry periods but good productivity is precluded. The inclusion of legumes, either browse or forage, in pastures can reduce or alleviate some of the problems mentioned above and provide dietary protein. Leucaena leucocephala has been shown to be a suitable leguminous forage supplement for ruminants in arid areas of the world including Zimbabwe. It is not however without problems thus there is considerable interest in producing different cultivars.

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35

Newman, Y. C., L. E. Sollenberger, K. J. Boote, L. H. Allen, and R. C. Littell. "Carbon Dioxide and Temperature Effects on Forage Dry Matter Production." Crop Science 41, no. 2 (March 2001): 399–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2001.412399x.

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Otto, R. F., C. Gimenez, and N. Castilla. "EVAPOTRANSPIRATION AND DRY MATTER PRODUCTION OF HORTICULTURAL CROPS UNDER COVER." Acta Horticulturae, no. 516 (April 2000): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2000.516.2.

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Kakiuchi, Jin, and Yoshiaki Kamiji. "Relationship between Phosphorus Accumulation and Dry Matter Production in Soybeans." Plant Production Science 18, no. 3 (January 2015): 344–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1626/pps.18.344.

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Fiez, Timothy E., O. Steven Norberg, and Gary D. Jolliff. "Dry Matter Production and Carbohydrate Accumulation in Three Meadowfoam Lines." Crop Science 31, no. 4 (July 1991): 1008–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1991.0011183x003100040033x.

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Smith, A., and Marie F. Smith. "Some factors effecting the dry matter production of lucerne cultivars." Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa 5, no. 4 (January 1988): 207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02566702.1988.9648142.

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Wu, Wen-ge, Hong-cheng Zhang, Ying-fei Qian, Ye Cheng, Gui-cheng Wu, Chao-qun Zhai, and Qi-gen Dai. "Analysis on Dry Matter Production Characteristics of Super Hybrid Rice." Rice Science 15, no. 2 (June 2008): 110–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1672-6308(08)60028-1.

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41

Mauad, M., R. S. Santana, T. H. Carli, F. Carli, A. C. T. Vitorino, R. M. Mussury, and J. Rech. "Dry matter production and nutrient accumulation in Crotalaria spectabilis shoots." Journal of Plant Nutrition 42, no. 6 (February 6, 2019): 615–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01904167.2019.1567779.

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Umemoto, Shinya, and Hirofumi Yamaguchi. "Variation in plant dry matter production of traditional paddy levees." Journal of Weed Science and Technology 42, no. 2 (1997): 73–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3719/weed.42.73.

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Bovera, F., S. Calabrò, R. Schettini, M. I. Cutrignelli, F. Infascelli, and V. Piccolo. "Gas production and dry matter degradability of diets for ruminants." BSAP Occasional Publication 34 (2006): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1463981500042217.

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SummaryFour feeds widely used in ruminant nutrition (corn silage, alfalfa hay, corn grain and soybean meal) and nine diets prepared in the laboratory by thorough mixing of these four feeds in different ratios, were analysed for: chemical composition according to the Weende and Van Soest schemes. Starch content, as well as total gas production and dry matter degradability after 8, 24 and 48 hours of incubation were measured. The same parameters were calculated for the nine diets from the measurements made on each of the four components (i.e. estimated values). For the chemical determinations, the differences between the analytical results (real values) and the corresponding estimated values varied little and did not reach statistical significance. However, statistically significant differences (P<0.05) between real and estimated values appeared for gas production at 24 hours (48.07 vs. 44.13 ml/200mg DM) and for DM degradability after 8 hours of incubation (32.35 vs. 30.56 %). The differences in the gas production measurements were removed when Diet 1 was excluded.

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van der Werf, H. M. G., W. J. M. Meijer, E. W. J. M. Mathijssen, and A. Darwinkel. "Potential dry matter production of Miscanthus sinensis in The Netherlands." Industrial Crops and Products 1, no. 2-4 (December 1992): 203–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0926-6690(92)90020-v.

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KOESMARYONO, Yonny, and Hideki SUGIMOTO. "Dry Matter Production and Yield of Maize-Soybean Intercropping Systems." Journal of Agricultural Meteorology 60, no. 5 (2005): 941–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2480/agrmet.941.

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Almeida, Júlio César Silva, Jean Kaique Valentim, Dawson José Guimarães Faria, Cassia Maria Silva Noronha, Jonatan Mikhail Del Solar Velarde, Janaina Palermo Mendes, Rita Therezinha Rolim Pietramale, and Henrique Momo Ziemniczak. "Bromatological composition and dry matter production of corn hydroponic fodder." Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences 43 (August 19, 2020): e48800. http://dx.doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v43i1.48800.

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The objective was to evaluate sowing density influence on hydroponic corn fodder bromatological composition, harvested in different ages raised on grass mix substrate. The experimental design used was completely randomized with six replications for each treatment, using 2.0 m² plots (1.0 x 2.0 m). The densities were distributed into factorial array (4x4), consisting in four sowing densities (1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 kg m-²) and four cutting ages (10, 15, 20 and 25 days). The dry matter content (DMC) and production (DMP) and crude protein (CP), acid detergent fiber (ADF), Fiber neutral detergent (FND) and ethereal extract (EE) were analyzed each cutting age. In terms of DMP (kg m-²), EE (%) and DMC (kg m-²), it is recommended to use the density 1.0 kg m-² with cutting age of 25 days. Regarding CP (%) the best result was at 15 days of cut and density 2.5 kg m-² and the values for FND (%) and ADF (%) were higher at 25 days at 2.0 kg density 2,0 kg m-². The choice of both best harvesting age and density will depend on what is desired of the nutritional forage (CP, EE, NDF, ADF, DMC and DMP) as well its destination, since very close values were found in all analyzes, regardless of density and age of harvest analyzed.

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47

Heuvelink, E. "Dry Matter Production in a Tomato Crop: Measurements and Simulation." Annals of Botany 75, no. 4 (April 1995): 369–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/anbo.1995.1035.

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Rogers, Christopher W., Biswanath Dari, Gongshe Hu, and Robert Mikkelsen. "Dry matter production, nutrient accumulation, and nutrient partitioning of barley." Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science 182, no. 3 (February 28, 2019): 367–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jpln.201800336.

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Pardales, J. R., and D. V. Belmonte. "Comparative Patterns of Dry Matter Production in Bushy and Spreading Sweet Potato Cultivars." Experimental Agriculture 25, no. 2 (April 1989): 243–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479700016744.

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SUMMARYDry matter production in a bushy and spreading cultivar of sweet potato was studied in two trials comparing dry matter partitioning between plant components. The bushy cultivar, VSP-2, accumulated more tuber dry matter than the spreading cultivar, BNAS-51. The number and yield of tubers of VSP-2, was also greater but its foliage dry weight was less than that of BNAS-51. The vine and root dry weight of BNAS-51 increased with time but that of VSP-2 reached a peak about 10–12 weeks after planting. The tuber dry weight of BNAS-51 at harvest was similar to its foliage dry weight but that of VSP-2 was three times greater. The proportion of total dry matter partitioned to the tubers of VSP-2 was greater than that in BNAS-51 at all stages of growth.

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Ng'etich, W. K., and W. Stephens. "RESPONSES OF TEA TO ENVIRONMENT IN KENYA. 1. GENOTYPE × ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONS FOR TOTAL DRY MATTER PRODUCTION AND YIELD." Experimental Agriculture 37, no. 3 (July 2001): 333–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479701003052.

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Dry matter production and yield of tea were recorded in a genotype × environment interaction experiment with four tea clones planted at four sites at a range of altitudes in Kericho, Kenya. Large responses to environment in dry matter production and yield were found. After 34 months from planting, the total plant dry matter production ranged from 18 to 22 t ha−1 across the sites. One clone, TN14-3, produced the most dry matter, reaching 29 t ha−1 at the lowest altitude, while clone S15/10 produced the least (15 t ha−1). Analysis of genotype × environment inter actions showed that clone TN14-3 was above average stability in dry matter production across the four sites, but below average in yield. Clone S15/10 showed above average stability for tea yield, but was below average in dry matter production.

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