Relevant bibliographies by topics / Drug addiction

Academic literature on the topic 'Drug addiction'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 31 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Drug addiction"

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Zaika, Vitalii, and Roman Sharavara. "THE INFLUENCE OF DISHARMONOUS CHILD-PARENT RELATIONSHIPS ON THE EMERGENCE OF ADDICTIVE TENDENCIES IN ADOLESCENT AGE AS A SOCIAL PROBLEM." Scientific Bulletin of Uzhhorod University. Series: «Pedagogy. Social Work», no. 1(52) (June 1, 2023): 50–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2524-0609.2023.52.50-54.

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The article highlights the current issue of peculiarities of emergence of addictive tendencies in adolescence based on child-parent relations in the family. On the basis of psychodiagnostic methods, it was found that various forms of inadequate upbringing in the family (high demandingness of parents, high strictness of parents, high control in relation to the child, emotional distance of parents, denial of the child by parents, lack of cooperation between parents and child, disagreement between the child and by parents, parental inconsistency, parental authority) lead to a predisposition to certain types of addictions, which differ between high school and college students. These types of addictions include: alcohol addiction, Internet and computer addiction, love addiction, drug addiction, game addiction, nicotine addiction, food addiction, intersex addiction, workaholism, television addiction, religious addiction, addiction to a healthy life, drug addiction dependence. Among all types of addictions, according to the results of the study, school students are more prone to the following addictions: smoking (80%), gaming addiction (80%), food addiction (80%) and love addiction (76%). At the average level, they show a tendency to: addiction to alcohol, addiction to intersex relationships, drug addiction, addiction to the computer (Internet, social networks), addiction to a healthy lifestyle). Adolescent college students have among the prevailing tendencies towards addictions: addiction to the computer (Internet, social networks) (88%), addiction to intersex relationships (88%), addiction to a healthy lifestyle (80%). At the average level, students show tendencies towards the following addictions: alcohol addiction, gaming addiction, smoking addiction, food addiction, love addiction, drug addiction. Both schoolchildren and college students have a low level of addiction to the following types: religious addiction, television addiction, work addiction.
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Alexander, Bruce K. "The Empirical and Theoretical Bases for an Adaptive Model of Addiction." Journal of Drug Issues 20, no. 1 (January 1990): 37–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002204269002000103.

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There is substantial scientific support for an adaptive model of addiction. Research reviewed in this article supports the adaptive model's assertions that failure of psychosocial integration precedes addiction; that addiction serves a number of adaptive functions; that addictive behavior is not “out of control”; that drug use generally fits the predictions of coping theory; that addictions are often transitory; that the “lessor evil” assumption of the adaptive model is compatible with current theory; that addictions are often interchangeable; and that the term “adaptive” is defined precisely in the adaptive model. The extensive support for an adaptive model of addiction, in conjunction with the wealth of recent evidence against a disease model of addiction, suggests that a major reformulation of theory about drugs and addiction is underway in the scholarly community.
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Griffiths, Mark. "The biopsychosocial approach to addiction." Psyke & Logos 26, no. 1 (July 31, 2005): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/pl.v26i1.8200.

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For many people the concept of addiction involves taking of drugs. Therefore it is perhaps unsurprising that most official definitions concentrate on drug ingestion. Despite such definitions, there is now a growing movement that views a number of behaviours as potentially addictive including many behaviours which do not involve the ingestion of a drug such as gambling, sex, exercise, videogame playing and Internet use. This paper argues that all addictions consist of a number of distinct common components (salience, mood modification, tolerance, withdrawal, conflict and relapse) and that there are many other types of commonality on a psychological, biological, sociological, and cultural level. The paper argues that addictions are a part of a biopsychosocial process and evidence is growing that excessive behaviours of all types do seem to have many commonalities. This may reflect a common etiology of addictive behaviour and suggests that addiction may be a syndrome. It is argued that an eclectic approach to the studying of addictive behaviour appears to be the most pragmatic way forward in the field.
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Daniguelo, Antonio. "Preliminary Analysis of the Effectiveness of Handing Criminal Acts by Children Under the Age." Journal La Sociale 2, no. 3 (August 23, 2021): 22–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.37899/journal-la-sociale.v2i3.387.

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The issue of drug addiction and illegal trafficking continues to plague nations across the globe. Between 153 and 300 million individuals, or 3.4 to 6.6 percent of the world's drug abusers aged 15 to 64 years, having used drugs at least once a year, with almost 12% (15.5 to 38.6 million people) of users being heavy addicts. Initially created for medicinal reasons (therapy), opioids became a political target for those seeking profit by introducing harmful addictive chemicals. Addition of hazardous addictive drugs may precipitate a person's hallucinations and addictions, wreaking havoc on the neurological system and organs of the body and ultimately resulting in death. The risks of drug addiction have prompted many nations to implement laws aimed at protecting citizens and prohibiting drug trafficking. This restriction eventually spawned illegal commerce and the growth of global marketplaces
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Sun, Jingchun, Liang-Chin Huang, Hua Xu, and Zhongming Zhao. "Network-Assisted Prediction of Potential Drugs for Addiction." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/258784.

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Drug addiction is a chronic and complex brain disease, adding much burden on the community. Though numerous efforts have been made to identify the effective treatment, it is necessary to find more novel therapeutics for this complex disease. As network pharmacology has become a promising approach for drug repurposing, we proposed to apply the approach to drug addiction, which might provide new clues for the development of effective addiction treatment drugs. We first extracted 44 addictive drugs from the NIDA and their targets from DrugBank. Then, we constructed two networks: an addictive drug-target network and an expanded addictive drug-target network by adding other drugs that have at least one common target with these addictive drugs. By performing network analyses, we found that those addictive drugs with similar actions tended to cluster together. Additionally, we predicted 94 nonaddictive drugs with potential pharmacological functions to the addictive drugs. By examining the PubMed data, 51 drugs significantly cooccurred with addictive keywords than expected. Thus, the network analyses provide a list of candidate drugs for further investigation of their potential in addiction treatment or risk.
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Heyman, Gene M. "Resolving the contradictions of addiction." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 19, no. 4 (December 1996): 561–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x00042990.

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AbstractResearch findings on addiction are contradictory. According to biographical records and widely used diagnostic manuals, addicts use drugs compulsively, meaning that drug use is out of control and independent of its aversive consequences. This account is supported by studies that show significant heritabilities for alcoholism and other addictions and by laboratory experiments in which repeated administration of addictive drugs caused changes in neural substrates associated with reward. Epidemiological and experimental data, however, show that the consequences of drug consumption can significantly modify drug intake in addicts. The disease model can account for the compulsive features of addiction, but not occasions in which price and punishment reduced drug consumption in addicts. Conversely, learning models of addiction can account for the influence of price and punishment, but not compulsive drug taking. The occasion for this target article is that recent developments in behavioral choice theory resolve the apparent contradictions in the addiction literature. The basic argument includes the following four statements: First, repeated consumption of an addictive drug decreases its future value and the future value of competing activities. Second, the frequency of an activity is a function of its relative (not absolute) value. This implies that an activity that reduces the values of competing behaviors can increase in frequency even if its own value also declines. Third, a recent experiment (Heyman & Tanz 1995) shows that the effective reinforcement contingencies are relative to a frame of reference, and this frame of reference can change so as to favor optimal or suboptimal choice. Fourth, if the frame of reference is local, reinforcement contingencies will favor excessive drug use, but if the frame of reference is global, the reinforcement contingencies will favor controlled drug use. The transition from a global to a local frame of reference explains relapse and other compulsive features of addiction.
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Zimny, Eva. "Monoamine Neurotransmitters and Drug Addiction." Science Insights 42, no. 3 (March 29, 2023): 837–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.15354/si.23.re216.

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Drug addiction is a chronic, relapsing brain disease. Various addictive drugs act on the reward circuit and eventually cause changes in the release of neurotransmitters, resulting in a rewarding effect. Among them, the monoamine neurotransmitters 5-hydroxytryptamine, norepinephrine and dopamine play an essential role in drug addiction. The role and mechanism of monoamine neurotransmitters in drug addiction are reviewed and discussed.
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Collins, Allan C. "The Nature of Addictive Diseases." Journal of Pharmacy Practice 4, no. 6 (December 1991): 345–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089719009100400602.

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Drug addiction and addictions to foods, sex, gambling, exercise, and many other things are widespread in modern societies. Addiction or dependence are terms used to describe persistent psychoactive drug use, but these terms also can be applied to other forms of repetitive behaviors. Many of these repetitive behaviors are regulated by specific regions of the brain that are influenced by drugs. Consequently, drug addiction may involve effects on systems that are involved in regulating forms of addiction that are necessary for the maintenance of life. Addictions also seem to be regulated by genetic factors. Because drug addiction may influence the activities of systems that evolved to regulate behaviors necessary to survive (ie, eating and drinking) and because individuals may differ in addict-ability for a given drug caused by genetic reasons, addiction should be considered as a disease and therapy should be developed with this concept in mind.
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Fariña, Francisca, Juan Romero, Manuel Isorna, and Ramón Arce. "Profiling and Prevalence of Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders and Behavioural Addictions in Incarcerated Traffic Offenders." Sustainability 15, no. 12 (June 19, 2023): 9771. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15129771.

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A field study was designed to determine if traffic offenders were characterised by substance-related and addictive disorders and behavioural addictions, and to examine their prevalence in this population. A total of 268 regular drivers (weekly or daily use) participated in the study; 132 incarcerated traffic offenders and 136 drivers with no criminal background. Subsamples were matched in age, sex, and time elapsed since their driving test. Participants responded to a measure of impulse control and addictions. The results revealed a more-than-problematic effect regarding drug addiction, alcohol consumption, and compulsive purchasing in the population of traffic offenders. In contrast, a trivial effect (insignificant) was observed in addiction to gambling, internet, videogames, eating, and sex. Comparatively, traffic offenders reported higher addiction to drugs, alcohol, gambling, compulsive purchasing, and sex, but less addiction to internet than controls. As for caseness analysis, a significant prevalence of caseness (>0.05) was observed in traffic offenders in connection to drugs, alcohol, internet, compulsive purchasing, and eating addictions. Moreover, addiction comorbidity or multi-comorbidity was found to be common (=0.50). The implications of the results for interventions with traffic offenders are discussed.
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Moreno-Flórez, Daniel. "The Preponderance of Psychic Elements in Drug Addiction." Psychoanalytic Review 107, no. 5 (October 2020): 473–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/prev.2020.107.5.473.

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The clinical perspective used to understand a patient with an addiction affects the course of treatment and the possibilities for recovery. Positivist and pharmacological models have become popular in the treatment of addictions. These models claim that addiction is primarily a pharmacological occurrence and privilege the biochemical effects of specific substances over the intrapsychic conflict of the patient in order to justify the phenomenology of addiction. Although psychoanalytic approaches have been previously used to treat addictive patients, they have frequently been considered unsuitable and inadequate for such cases. The author's purpose is to use the scope that psychoanalytic comprehension provides to examine the subject who is addicted in relation to his or her maturational development; considering the roles played by pleasure, ego defects, and defensive behavior, derived from case vignettes, in order to illustrate the role of intrapsychic life in the maintaining of an addiction.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Drug addiction"

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Reagan, Andrew Shawn. "Drug Addiction and Personal Responsibility." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2009. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/philosophy_theses/63.

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This project examines drug addiction and personal responsibility from the perspective of three different types of theories of addiction: full responsibility, diminished responsibility, and no responsibility. The rational theory of addiction is the fully responsibility theory. The philosophical insights by R. Jay Wallace and George Graham are the diminished responsibility theories. Berridge and Robinson’s Incentive Salience theory of drug addiction is the no responsibility theory examined. My conclusion is that diminished responsibility frameworks are the most suitable in a therapeutic context because they are most sensitive to relevant normative aspects.
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Rojo, Gonzalez Loreto. "The role of GABAB in drug addiction." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2018. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/844932/.

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The GABAergic system is the primary inhibitory regulator of the mesolimbic dopamine system, mediating both natural and drug-induced reward behaviours. The GABAB agonist, baclofen, has been postulated as a potential anti-addiction treatment. However, clinical studies have revealed conflicting results and both anti- and pro-rewarding effects of GABAB system activation have been reported. Thus, a deeper and more refined understanding of GABAB receptor pharmacology is needed. GABAB receptors are obligate heterodimers of GABAB(1) and GABAB(2) subunits and further GABAB(1) subunit isoforms are GABAB(1a) and GABAB(1b). While presynaptic GABAB receptors are likely to contain the GABAB(1a) isoform, postsynaptic GABAB receptors are composed of the GABAB(1b) isoform. Using mice lacking in GABAB(1a) (1a KO) and GABAB(1b) (1b KO) isoforms, we tested the hypothesis that the GABAB receptor isoforms differentially modulate psychomotor and reward behaviours of cocaine and morphine, alcohol intake and social behaviours via distinct neurochemical mechanism. We therefore examined cocaine- and morphine-induced locomotion stimulation, sensitisation and conditioned place preference (CPP) as well as alcohol intake. The 3-chambered box was utilised to investigate social behaviours. Cocaine and morphine enhanced the locomotor activity in 1a KO mice but not in 1b KO and WT mice. However, cocaine- and morphine-induced CPP was unaffected by either isoform deletion. Conversely, while WT and 1a KO mice extinguished alcohol preference during withdrawal, this was not seen in 1b KO mice. Finally, 1a KO mice exhibited higher social novelty preference and striatal oxytocin receptor levels compared to WT and 1b KO mice. These results reveal that presynaptic preferring GABAB(1a) receptors selectively modulate the psychomotor effects of cocaine and morphine as well as social novelty, most likely by inhibiting dopaminergic transmission. Conversely, the postsynaptic GABAB(1b) receptors may play a larger role in alcohol addiction. We conclude that targeting GABAB receptor isoforms may constitute an effective approach to drug addiction treatment.
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Yavorsky, William Christian. "Addiction : disturbing fixity and mobilising ambiguity." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.271272.

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Murphy, Jennifer. "Therapy and Punishment: Negotiating Authority in the Management of Drug Addiction." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2008. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/8969.

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Sociology
Ph.D.
Throughout the twentieth century, many behaviors previously considered criminal or immoral were instead defined as medical problems. This process is often referred to as the medicalization of deviance. Like many other behaviors once considered deviant, drug and alcohol abuse has been medicalizing, in a process that accelerated during the latter half of the twentieth century. Despite this movement along the path toward medicalization, drug use, and alcohol use to a lesser extent, are still also sanctioned and managed by the criminal justice system, resulting in a medical-legal-moral hybrid definition of these issues. Today we find instances where these two institutions overlap significantly. At the same time, their mutual involvement in defining and managing drug use is inconsistent. This research uses a qualitative research design to study how this medical-legal-moral hybrid definition of drug use and addiction is discussed and negotiated by various institutions that label and manage individuals who use drugs. I examined this issue by conducting interviews and observations in Philadelphia's Drug Treatment Court as well as in two outpatient drug treatment programs. Results indicate that individuals in both settings frame addiction as a "disease," although the definition is ambiguous and inconsistent. The court and the treatment programs use similar language and methods for assessing substance abuse and how to deal with it. Both also extend the definition of "addiction" to include aspects not directly related to the consumption of drugs or alcohol but to the "drug lifestyle" that includes selling drugs. Still, in neither location is a comprehensive, clear definition of "addiction" promoted and used consistently. This ambiguity results in an overlap of therapeutic and punitive methods to handle the individual's drug usage. In addition, both settings benefit from their interaction and cooperation in managing individuals with substance abuse problems, indicating that rather than moving toward a purely "medical" way of dealing with substance abuse, or placing the issue more firmly in the realm of the criminal justice system, the current mix of moral, criminal and medical methods of labeling and managing substance abuse problems may be more stagnant than the medicalization of deviance thesis suggests.
Temple University--Theses
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Kausar, Wasim. "Drug addiction syndrome : among university students in Pakistan." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.324031.

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Webb, Michael Blair. "Addiction and the law : a case-study of the Alcoholism and Drug Addiction Act." University of Canterbury. School of Law, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/2567.

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The thesis presents a case study of New Zealand's Alcoholism and Drug Addiction Act 1966 - a civil commitment law used to detain alcoholics and drug addicts for up to two years in state-certified residential treatment facilities. The thesis positions itself as a call for legislative reform. The central argument is that the Act is an anachronistic and potentially draconian piece of social legislation which has no place on the modern-day New Zealand statute book. In the first part of the thesis, Chapter 1 introduces the research, outlines the structure and methodology of the thesis, and locates the study within a wider tradition of scholarship on the management of people with alcohol problems. Chapter 2 summarises the analytical framework that is used to evaluate the Act, attaching particular importance to both the philosophical traditions and the practical strategies of harm minimisation and therapeutic jurisprudence. Chapter 3 gives a positivist reading of the legislation : outlining the evolution of the Act, essaying its major provisions, and noting the efforts that have been made to refine or reform the statute since it was passed in the mid-1960s. Chapter 4 draws on the limited amount of data available to describe how the Act is currently operating 'on the ground'. In the second part of the thesis, the Alcoholism and Drug Addiction Act is put into a comparative context by describing examples of similar-type statutes that exist in two other jurisdictions. Chapter 5 focuses on the New South Wales Inebriates Act 1912; Chapter 6 focuses on the Swedish Act on Care of Addicts in Certain Cases 1989. The final part of the thesis builds a case for reform of the Alcoholism and Drug Addiction Act. Chapter 7 identifies various practical and clinical problems with the Act, which mean that the statute does not work in instrumental terms. It is submitted that the Act cannot be said to make better provision for the care and treatment of alcoholics. Chapter 8 highlights several legal and philosophical difficulties with the Act, which mean that the legislation does not work in value terms. It is submitted that the Act is offensive to the right to refuse treatment and fundamentally conflicts with the principles of individual autonomy and informed consent. Chapter 9 proposes three options for reforming the Act, expressing a preference for the outright repeal of the statute. Finally, Chapter 10 draws conclusions from the preceding discussion, and speculates on the likelihood that the recommended reforms will be implemented.
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Shewan, David. "Patterns of drug using behaviour : the importance of drug, set, and setting." Thesis, Glasgow Caledonian University, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.480943.

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Best, David W. "Seeking explanations about drug use : methodological issues around explaining self-reported drug behaviours." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1998. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21402.

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The thesis investigates the dynamics that surround participants' responses to questions about illicit drug activities. By examining the attributional and discursive literatures, the opening chapters (Chapters 1 and 2) outline the difficulties associated with assuming veridicality in question-answer dyads. Emphasis is placed on the essentially social and intentional foundations of the applied research procedure. The existing research on methodological effects in substance research is outlined at the start of Chapter 3. These form the foundation for the empirical investigations that constitute the remainder of the thesis. The studies carried out attempt to examine methodological issues in the context of applied research procedures that combine quantitative outcomes with qualitative considerations such as reflexive consideration of the role of the researcher and the status of the participant. The first investigation demonstrates the influence of treatment status on the discourse provided by adult substance users. Drug users in contact with treatment services provide drug-related explanations distinct from those given by users who are not in treatment. This distinction is assessed in terms of a theoretical model of addiction based on discursive criteria and contextual influence (Chapter 4). These contextual influences are further examined in the empirical studies presented in Chapters 4 and 5 in which the subjects are young people whose drug experiences are assessed in the context of drug education (Chapter 5) and treatment and service needs (Chapter 6). Each of these investigations attempts to demonstrate the sophistication of discourse that respondents exhibit in their drug-related conversations and the ways in which their attitudes and understandings of these topics are shaped by the context of the experiences they have had.
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De, Backer Jean-François. "Involvement of Maged1 in motor behaviour and drug addiction." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/216707.

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Maged1 appartient à la famille des gènes Mage (pour Melanoma antigen gene). Bien que les gènes Mage aient tout d'abord été découverts dans des cellules tumorales, le gène Maged1 est également exprimé dans un grand nombre de tissus sains et particulièrement dans le système nerveux central, aussi bien au cours du développement que chez l'animal adulte. Les fonctions exercées par la protéine Maged1 dans le système nerveux restent actuellement fort méconnues bien que des études aient pu mettre en évidence son implication dans des processus tels que l'homéostasie du rythme circadien, certaines formes d'apprentissages, les comportements sociaux et sexuels ainsi que dans des pathologies telles que la dépression et l'obésité. Au laboratoire, nous avons pu montrer que la délétion de l'allèle Maged1 chez la souris cause une diminution d'activité locomotrice spontanée et un déficit de coordination motrice. Les animaux ne possédant plus l'allèle Maged1 montrent également une absence complète de réponse à l’administration de drogues comme la cocaïne et la morphine. Au cours de ce travail de thèse, nous avons recherché les mécanismes liant le gène Maged1 et ces comportements. La dopamine étant un neurotransmetteur connu pour réguler à la fois les comportements moteurs et les comportements liés à la dépendance aux drogues, nous avons tout d'abord fait l'hypothèse qu'un déficit en dopamine pouvait expliquer les phénotypes observés. En effet, des expériences de microdialyse in vivo ont montré que l'augmentation de concentration en dopamine dans le nucleus accumbens suite à une injection de cocaïne était significativement réduite chez les souris dépourvues de l'allèle Maged1. L'implication directe de Maged1 dans la physiologie des neurones dopaminergiques a été étudiée par la génération de souris transgéniques dont la délétion du gène Maged1 a été ciblée spécifiquement dans ces neurones. Cependant, cette lignée de souris ne récapitule pas les phénotypes observés chez les souris entièrement dépourvues de l'allèle Maged1. Ces résultats indiquent que l'expression de Maged1 dans les neurones dopaminergiques n'est pas nécessaire au contrôle moteur et à la réponse comportementale à l'administration de cocaïne. Nous avons ensuite étudié les régions innervées par les neurones dopaminergiques en réalisant des enregistrements électrophysiologiques sur tranches de cerveaux en survie. Nous avons ainsi pu mettre en évidence une altération de la transmission glutamatergique entre le cortex préfrontal et le nucleus accumbens chez les souris dépourvues du gène Maged1. La délétion spécifique de l'allèle Maged1 dans chacune de ces deux régions a ensuite été effectuée. Les souris dont la délétion de Maged1 a été ciblée dans les neurones du striatum n'ont pas montré d'altération comportementales. Cependant, lorsque la délétion de Maged1 est effectuée spécifiquement dans le cortex préfrontal, les souris montrent un déficit d'apprentissage moteur ainsi qu'une réduction de l'effet de sensibilisation à des injections répétées de cocaïne. Chez ces mêmes souris, la réduction de sensibilisation est accompagnée d'une réduction de la réponse dopaminergique à la cocaïne telle qu'observée au cours d' expériences de microdialyse in vivo. Au cours de ce travail, nous avons donc pu montrer que la présence de la protéine Maged1 dans le cortex préfrontal est nécessaire à l'apprentissage moteur et à l'expression de la sensibilisation comportementale à la cocaïne. Cette protéine exerce probablement sa fonction en régulant la neurotransmission au niveau du compartiment présynaptique.
Doctorat en Sciences biomédicales et pharmaceutiques (Médecine)
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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ROCHA, ERICA SILVA. "THE SOCIAL BOND IN CONTEMPORARY SOCIETY AND DRUG ADDICTION." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2004. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=4562@1.

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COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
Neste trabalho parte-se da concepção de que o sujeito e seus sintomas se constituem no seio de fatores pulsionais e socioculturais que promovem o laço social. Em seguida, delineia-se o perfil sócio-histórico da modernidade e da contemporaneidade, propondo-se que ambas constituem laços sociais diferentes, respectivamente centrados nos imperativos da interdição e da satisfação. Por último, argumenta-se que o imperativo da satisfação favorece a expansão do sintoma da toxicomania, que pode ser compreendido, tal como o laço social contemporâneo, pelo modelo da perversão.
This work is based on the idea that the individual and his symptoms are constituted in the realm of libidinal and social-cultural factors that promote the social bond. At first, the social-historic profile of modernity and contemporary society are delineated, suggesting that both constitute different social bonds, respectively centered on the imperative of interdiction and the imperative of satisfaction. Next and finally, it is argued that the imperative of satisfaction favors the expansion of drug addiction, which can be explained, as well as the current social bond, by the model of perversion.
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Books on the topic "Drug addiction"

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Rapaka, Rao S., and Wolfgang Sadée, eds. Drug Addiction. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-76678-2.

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Cockayne, Janet. Selected references on drug addiction and drug addiction treatment. London: DHSS Library, 1989.

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Thomas, Yonette F., Douglas Richardson, and Ivan Cheung, eds. Geography and Drug Addiction. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-8509-3.

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Loimer, Norbert, Rainer Schmid, and Alfred Springer, eds. Drug Addiction and AIDS. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-9173-6.

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Kaul, H. Kumar. Yoga and drug addiction. Delhi: B.R. Pub. Corp., 1993.

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AAG/NIDA Symposium (2006 Chicago, Ill.). Geography and drug addiction. Edited by Thomas Yonette F, Richardson Douglas 1950-, Cheung Ivan, Association of American Geographers, and National Institute on Drug Abuse. [Dordrecht]: Springer, 2008.

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F, Thomas Yonette, Richardson Douglas 1950-, Cheung Ivan, Association of American Geographers, and National Institute on Drug Abuse, eds. Geography and drug addiction. [Dordrecht]: Springer, 2008.

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Batiste, Linda Carter. Employees with drug addiction. Morgantown, WV: Job Accommodation Network, Office of Disability Employment Policy, 2010.

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Davidson, Robin, M.Sc., M.Sc. (Clin. Psych), ABPS., ed. Alcoholism and drug addiction. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone, 1985.

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Jason-Lloyd, Leonard. Drugs, addiction, and the law. Huntingdon, Cambridgeshire: ELM Publications, 1994.

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Book chapters on the topic "Drug addiction"

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Justinova, Zuzana, Leigh V. Panlilio, and Steven R. Goldberg. "Drug Addiction." In Behavioral Neurobiology of the Endocannabinoid System, 309–46. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-88955-7_13.

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Charlet, Katrin, Anne Beck, and Andreas Heinz. "Drug Addiction." In MRI in Psychiatry, 357–70. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54542-9_19.

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Simola, Nicola, Micaela Morelli, Tooru Mizuno, Suzanne H. Mitchell, Harriet de Wit, H. Valerie Curran, Celia J. A. Morgan, et al. "Drug Addiction." In Encyclopedia of Psychopharmacology, 425. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68706-1_3199.

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Wang, Xiaohui, Thomas A. Cochran, Mark R. Hutchinson, Hang Yin, and Linda R. Watkins. "Drug Addiction." In Microglia in Health and Disease, 299–317. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1429-6_12.

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Berg, Charles. "Drug Addiction." In Clinical Psychology, 174–81. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003251514-14.

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Berg, Charles. "Drug Addiction." In Clinical Psychology, 166–73. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003251514-13.

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Everitt, Barry J., and Trevor W. Robbins. "Drug Addiction." In Evaluating the Brain Disease Model of Addiction, 50–73. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003032762-7.

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Westermeyer, Joseph, and Gihyun Yoon. "Drug Addiction." In The Medical Basis of Psychiatry, 271–91. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2528-5_15.

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Barber, James G. "Drugs and Drug Addiction." In Social Work with Addictions, 1–25. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-23805-7_1.

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Svenningsson, Per, Angus C. Nairn, and Paul Greengard. "DARPP-32 Mediates the Actions of Multiple Drugs of Abuse." In Drug Addiction, 3–16. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-76678-2_1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Drug addiction"

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Altay, Osman, and Hatice Mutlu. "Financial Evaluation of Drug Addiction Rehabilitation Services with Respect to the Health Economics." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c12.02360.

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Healthcare interventions are concern of government policies, health service providers, civil society organizations and public. These interventions are mainly criticized with respect to their cost effectiveness. However, economic, social and health benefits of drug addiction rehabilitation services are not well understood and they remain relatively subsidized in comparison to other aspects of healthcare interventions. But, notwithstanding this, drug addiction rehabilitation services are generally financed with public funds in Turkey as like many other countries and this situation become subject to questioning when fiscal policies and cost effectiveness of these services are considered. Based on this circumstances there is a great need for scientifically sound and practical financial and economic evaluation of substance abuse treatment services. In Turkey, recent legislative developments on substance abuse treatment services provide a baseline for structural evaluation of financial and economic feasibility of these services. In spite of ongoing methodological and empirical developments in economic evaluation of the primary health services, similar studies regarding addiction treatments are very rare in the literature. Correspondingly, methodological guidelines in this area are also very limited. This study addresses these gaps by presenting a financial and economic evaluation of drug addiction rehabilitation services in Turkey considering urgent need of intervention in this area. Evaluation of these services is based on the basic requirements of a drug addiction rehabilitation center, which is determined by the related legislation in Turkey, and the evaluation was conducted according to the methodological principles presented by EMCDDA, European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addictions.
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Kurtoğlu, Gazi Levent. "Anti-Drug Supply Policies: Inter-institutional Coordination and Action Plans." In Panel on "Effective Drug Control Strategies in Northern Cyprus: Challenges and Opportunities in 2024". Emanate Publishing House Ltd., 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.70020/ehass.2024.7.6.

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Türkiye has been developing strategic plans and related action plans to fight addictions including drugs since 2006. The responsibility for nationwide coordination is under the jurisdiction of the Department of Combating Tobacco and Substance Addiction in the Ministry of Health. This paper focuses on four research objectives: firstly, the inter-institutional coordination mechanisms in place for combating drug supply in Türkiye; secondly, the National Strategy Documents and Action Plans in the fight against drugs developed and implemented so far in Türkiye; and thirdly, the contents of the Action Plans the fight against drugs in Türkiye between 2006-2023 are presented. The fourth research objective covers noteworthy literature review on strategies to ensure the fight against drug supplies in Türkiye’s Action Plan are compatible with those of the EU Drugs Strategy and Action Plan. The paper concludes with recommendations for the coordination of the fight against drug supply in the Strategy and Action Plan for Northern Cyprus.
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Plotkina, L. N. "RISK FACTORS FOR YOUTH DRUG ADDICTION." In Безопасность жизнедеятельности: современные вызовы, наука, образование, практика. Южно-Сахалинск: Сахалинский государственный университет, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.52606/9785888116135_70.

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Hani, Ahmad Fadzil M., Nuhman Ul Haq, Dileep Kumar, and Eric Ho Tatt Wei. "Brain circuit model for drug addiction." In 2014 5th International Conference on Intelligent and Advanced Systems (ICIAS). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icias.2014.6869524.

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McKim, Katherine G., Cat Mai, Danielle Hess, and Shuo Niu. "Investigating Drug Addiction Discourse on YouTube." In CSCW '21: Computer Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3462204.3481762.

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Süer, Kaya, Omid Mirzaei, Kadir Yelmi, and Aslı Aykaç. "The Relationship Between Drug Addiction and Significant Infectious Diseases." In Panel on "Effective Drug Control Strategies in Northern Cyprus: Challenges and Opportunities in 2024". Emanate Publishing House Ltd., 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.70020/ehass.2024.7.4.

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Substance addiction can be explained as individuals’ unrestrained desire to consume a substance although such consumption harms their mental, physical, and social lives. Addicts are exposed to stigmatization and discrimination, which limits their ability to get the help they need. In 2021, one in every 17 people between the ages of 15 and 64 was found to be using drugs, which is a 23% increase compared to 10 years ago. In addition to overdose, hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are the leading causes of deaths related to drug use. Research on drug use by gender shows that men were more likely to be addicted to drugs than women with opioids being the most used resulting in about two-thirds of drug-related deaths occur among opioid users. HCV and HIV infection are the two most important parameters for intravenous drug users. In the context of WHO's HCV and HIV elimination projects, the key points are particularly at-risk groups. For this reason, treatment options and education of the population at key points in terms of both viral infections should be planned primarily without allowing stigmatization and discrimination in terms of public health.
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Ribeiro Siqueira, Milena, Cezar Villaça Azeredo, Raphael Fonseca Braga de Melo, Rebecca Rodrigues Cedro de Brito, and Érica Henrique Ribeiro-Andrade. "Subjectivity and media production on drug addiction." In 7th International Congress on Scientific Knowledge. Perspectivas Online: Humanas e Sociais Aplicadas, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25242/8876113220212453.

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The present study analyzes the phenomenon of drug addiction concerning how it is affected by the media and its ways of representing reality. This study aimed to identify articles about drug addiction published in information media of great national circulation, namely VEJA online Magazine, Folha de São Paulo online newspaper and Scielo Brasil website. Leading off from the hypothesis that the influence of media in society impacts the ways of coping with the issue studied. A theoretical survey was then carried out on media productions and social representations, as well as a general concept on drug addiction. The selected time criterion was of five years from January 2016 to December 2020. The research data were treated using the Content Analysis method proposed by Bardin (2011). It was possible to perceive a profile in these publications with regard to their vulnerabilities, such as the use of stigmatizing terms to refer to the drug addict. A great disproportionality between the total number of publications and the number of productions that addressed the topic of drug addiction could be observed in all three information vehicles. All three platforms demonstrated a limited view on the importance of the emotional aspects linked to drug addiction, and on the urgency of attention to the addict's support network. The power of influence that the information media has on social action could be verified. It is recommended that information sources in Brazil make better use of this provision, in addition to the knowledge acquired in Psychology for a better basis and greater range of the required problematizations
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Monisha, P., S. Sweatha, and S. Sindu Devi. "Fuzzy drug addiction and abuse growth model." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON RECENT INNOVATIONS IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (RIST 2021). AIP Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0081065.

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Мусаев, Сайд-Магомед Исламович. "CORRELATION OF TRADITIONAL AND MODERN MEASURES TO COMBAT DRUG DEPENDENCE IN SOCIETY." In Наука. Исследования. Практика: сборник избранных статей по материалам Международной научной конференции (Санкт-Петербург, Декабрь 2020). Crossref, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37539/srp294.2020.71.25.009.

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В статье исследованы отдельные уголовно-правовые особенности противодействия наркомании и наркотической преступности в нашей стране. Даны предложения по принятию мер, направленных на противодействие незаконному обороту наркотических средств и распространению наркомании в России. The article examines individual criminal law features of counteracting drug addiction and drug crime in our country. Proposals are given on the adoption of measures aimed at countering drug trafficking and the spread of drug addiction in Russia.
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Li, Du, Banghua Yang, Xuelin Gu, Dewen Kong, and Peng Zan. "Drug Addiction Detection Algorithm Based on CNN-BN." In ICCPR 2020: 2020 9th International Conference on Computing and Pattern Recognition. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3436369.3436450.

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Reports on the topic "Drug addiction"

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Henkemeyer, Mark. EphB1 as a Novel Drug Target to Combat Pain and Addiction. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada623593.

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Mark, Tami L., William N. Dowd, and Carol L. Council. Tracking the Quality of Addiction Treatment Over Time and Across States: Using the Federal Government’s “Signs” of Higher Quality. RTI Press, July 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2020.rr.0040.2007.

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The objective of this study was to track trends in the signs of higher-quality addiction treatment as defined by the National Institute on Drug Abuse, the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Addiction, and the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. We analyzed the National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services from 2007 through 2017 to determine the percent of facilities having the characteristics of higher quality. We analyzed the percent by state and over time. • We found improvements between 2007 and 2017 on most measures, but performance on several measures remained low. • Most programs reported providing evidence-based behavioral therapies. • Half or fewer facilities offered medications for opioid use disorder; mental health assessments; testing for hepatitis C, HIV, and sexually transmitted diseases; self-help groups; employment assistance; and transportation assistance. • There was significant state-level variation across the measures.
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Bragge, Peter, Veronica Delafosse, Ngo Cong-Lem, Diki Tsering, and Suzanne Nielson. Community impacts of residential alcohol and drug rehabilitation services. The Sax Institute, June 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.57022/jgsk1115.

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Residential rehabilitation for alcohol and other drug dependence aims to provide a structured environment for people to break addiction and reintegrate into society within a community rather than in outpatient or other settings. This Evidence Snapshot aimed to identify the community impacts of residential alcohol and drug rehabilitation services. Ten studies were reviewed, seven of which were from the US and two from Australia. A consistent theme across five studies examining community perceptions and impact was that initial concerns around the potential impacts of drug treatment facilities, including residential rehabilitation, were largely unfounded or did not materialise in the long term. Studies also reported a number of positive impacts on communities as reflected by participation in events at community rehabilitation centres, residents making contributions to communities through volunteering, and longer-term employment and associated economic impacts stemming from successful reintegration into the community following rehabilitation. Three studies examining impacts on property values reported mixed findings. One study reported negative impacts, however two studies demonstrated either no effect or higher sales in houses close to sober-living houses over time. A large study examining crime rates showed that drug treatment centres had similar crime rates to areas around liquor stores and lower rates than near corner and convenience stores. A US-based study of economic impacts reported positive impacts. The review findings raise a number of important considerations. Initial community concerns are not based on lived experience of residential rehabilitation in their area and appear to diminish once the centres are established. A number of gaps in the evidence - including a dearth of studies; lack of exploration of community knowledge; and potential under-measurement of complex outcomes such as community attitudes and sentiment – should be borne in mind when interpreting review findings.
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Bogdanov, Sergey I. Electronic educational resource "Ambulance and emergency medical care for mental disorders and behavioral disorders at the prehospital stage". SIB-Expertise, January 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/er0784.29012024.

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The Electronic educational resource (hereinafter referred to as EER) “Basic aspects of narcology” is designed for 36 training hours. This distance learning course aims to develop communicative competence, prepare for solving standard problems of professional activity using information resources, medical and biological terminology, and is also aimed at optimizing the educational process at the university, creating conditions for achieving the required level of modern education and comprehensive development of the personality of students . The EER was developed in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard of Higher Education. Intended for medical school students as a material that allows future doctors to become more in-depth acquainted with the basic aspects of narcology, as well as for psychiatrists, psychiatrists-narcologists, and doctors of other specialties who, due to the specifics of their work, systematically interact with patients with drug addiction pathology. The EER was developed by Doctor of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, highly qualified psychiatrist-narcologist with 37 years of experience in the specialty of psychiatry-narcology. The structure of the EER is classic and includes an abstract, glossary, instructions for working with the course, brief information about the authors, a methodological block, 4 lectures in presentation format and video lectures on the following topics: “Ethanol from the birth of modern civilization to the creation of new stars”, “Alcoholism”, “General issues of addiction” and “Classification of substances and drugs that cause addiction.” To control the studied material, clinical tasks and final testing on the topic being studied are used. To receive feedback from cadets and students, there is a feedback form. A student who has mastered the program is able to possess professional competencies, including the ability to: professionally navigate issues of terminology and definitions related to the subject of the educational material; master the amount of knowledge on the mechanisms of the effects of psychoactive substances on the human body; correctly navigate the issues of modern classification of surfactants; correctly diagnose pathological conditions associated with chronic ethanol intoxication; apply distance educational technologies (DET) in professional activities; use automated information systems and knowledge bases in professional activities.
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Bogdanov, Sergey I. Electronic educational resource "Basic aspects of narcology". SIB-Expertise, January 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/er0783.29012024.

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The electronic educational resource (hereinafter referred to as EER) “Basic aspects of narcology” is designed for 36 training hours. This distance learning course aims to develop communicative competence, prepare for solving standard problems of professional activity using information resources, medical and biological terminology, and is also aimed at optimizing the educational process at the university, creating conditions for achieving the required level of modern education and comprehensive development of the personality of students . The EER was developed in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard of Higher Education. Intended for medical school students as a material that allows future doctors to become more in-depth acquainted with the basic aspects of narcology, as well as for psychiatrists, psychiatrists-narcologists, and doctors of other specialties who, due to the specifics of their work, systematically interact with patients with drug addiction pathology. The EER was developed by Doctor of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, highly qualified psychiatrist-narcologist with 37 years of experience in the specialty of psychiatry-narcology. The structure of the EER is classic and includes an abstract, glossary, instructions for working with the course, brief information about the authors, a methodological block, 4 lectures in presentation format and video lectures on the following topics: “Ethanol from the birth of modern civilization to the creation of new stars”, “Alcoholism”, “General issues of addiction” and “Classification of substances and drugs that cause addiction.” To control the studied material, clinical tasks and final testing on the topic being studied are used. To receive feedback from cadets and students, there is a feedback form. A student who has mastered the program is able to possess professional competencies, including the ability to: professionally navigate issues of terminology and definitions related to the subject of the educational material; master the amount of knowledge on the mechanisms of the effects of psychoactive substances on the human body; correctly navigate the issues of modern classification of surfactants; correctly diagnose pathological conditions associated with chronic ethanol intoxication; apply distance educational technologies (DET) in professional activities; use automated information systems and knowledge bases in professional activities.
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O’Reily, Keelin, and Claire Wilkinson. Involuntary treatment for alcohol and other drugs: An Evidence Check rapid review. The Sax Institute, March 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.57022/accg7897.

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Involuntary alcohol and other drug (AOD) treatment is a legal process in which an individual is mandated to receive treatment for substance dependence or addiction against their will. The potential benefits in these circumstances must be assessed against the removal of liberty and possible risks for already vulnerable people. This Evidence Check aimed to understand whether committing individuals to such programs produces positive outcomes, and whether they are comparable to what may have occurred through voluntary treatment. The authors identified 13 publications that met the eligibility criteria and included them in the review. Evidence quality was moderate (cohort-III-2) or low (case series IV). Involuntary AOD treatment was associated with beneficial outcomes in the form of reduced AOD use and reduced health service use. No studies measuring outcomes of involuntary treatment for adolescents / those under 18 years of age were found. In studies that compared voluntary and involuntary treatment of patients with AOD dependence, those voluntarily treated had equivalent or slightly better outcomes. The available evidence was insufficient to determine what program elements may have been associated with positive outcomes.
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Brown, Candace, Chudney Williams, Ryan Stephens, Jacqueline Sharp, Bobby Bellflower, and Martinus Zeeman. Medicated-Assisted Treatment and 12-Step Programs: Evaluating the Referral Process. University of Tennessee Health Science Center, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21007/con.dnp.2021.0013.

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Purpose/Background Overdose deaths in the U.S. from opioids have dramatically increased since the COVID-19 pandemic. Although medicated-assisted treatment (MAT) programs are widely available for sufferers of opiate addiction, many drop out of treatment prematurely. Twelve-step programs are considered a valuable part of treatment, but few studies have examined the effect of combining these approaches. We aimed to compare abstinence rates among patients receiving MAT who were referred to 12-step programs to those only receiving MAT. Methods In this prospective study, a cohort of participants from a MAT clinic agreeing to attend a 12-step program was compared to 15 controls selected from a database before project implementation. Eligible participants were diagnosed with OUD, receiving buprenorphine (opiate agonist), and at least 18. Participants were provided with temporary sponsors to attend Narcotics Anonymous, Alcoholics Anonymous, and Medication-Assisted Recovery meetings together. The primary endpoint was the change in positive opiate urine drug screens over 6 months between participants and controls. Results Between March 29, 2021, and April 16, 2021, 166 patients were scheduled at the clinic. Of those scheduled, 146 were established patients, and 123 were scheduled for face-to-face visits. Of these, 64 appeared for the appointment, 6 were screened, and 3 were enrolled. None of the participants attended a 12-step meeting. Enrollment barriers included excluding new patients and those attending virtual visits, the high percentage of patients who missed appointments, and lack of staff referrals. The low incidence of referrals was due to time constraints by both staff and patients. Implications for Nursing Practice Low enrollment limited our ability to determine whether combining medication management with a 12-step program improves abstinence. Failure to keep appointments is common among patients with OUD, and virtual meetings are becoming more prevalent post-COVID. Although these factors are unlikely to be controllable, developing strategies to expedite the enrollment process for staff and patients could hasten recruitment.
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