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Journal articles on the topic 'Drug abuse'
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Sharu, Aliyu Umar. "An Overview of Dangers of Drug Abuse to a Muslim Man and Relations." Asian Journal of Islamic Studies and Da'wah 2, no. 3 (April 28, 2024): 174–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.58578/ajisd.v2i3.2901.
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The aim of this research paper is to deliberate on the dangers of drug abuse to Muslim (and other humans). Drug abuser is a threat to humans that has been inflicting humans from ancient time to date. Drug abuse kill, maim, harm, and destroy abusers and related members of the society. A conceptual review made in this work deliberate on the following items of drug abuse among others: Islamic concepts of drug abuse, drug abuse in the context of health, drivers of drug abuse, dangers of drug abuse, examples of drugs of abuse and their respective effects, etc. It is important to re-alert the society (especially policy makers and stakeholders) to take heed and stringent measures to prevent drug abuse through disparate means including utilization of religious interventions.
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Maraire, Tariro, and Saralah Devi Chethiyar Mariamdaran. "DRUG AND SUBSTANCE ABUSE PROBLEM BY THE ZIMBABWEAN YOUTH: A PSYCHOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE." Practitioner Research 2 (August 6, 2020): 41–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.32890/pr2020.2.3.
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Drug abuse has become a problem among youths in Zimbabwe, so dire is the situation that more than half of the youths’ population, approximately 57% in Zimbabwe are involved in drug abuse. The statistics on youth drug abuse in Zimbabwe increase yearly despite measures implemented by various stakeholders to fight the pandemic. The study seeks to understand the problem of drug abuse within the Zimbabwean context from a psychological perspective. The current study takes a desk research approach to understand the problem of drug abuse by the youth in Zimbabwe. The study unearths the most affected age group by drug abuse, the causes of drug abuse, the types of drug abuse and the effects of drug abuse to that age group. The study reviewed relevant literature, using key terms in the study, which are youth, drug abuse and problem. Literature was systematically categorised into categories of causes of drug abuse, types of drug abuse and the effects of drug abuse among the youth. Findings from the study are that, the youth are the most affected age group by drug abuse in Zimbabwe and the problem stems from lack of self-control and negative self-concept on the youth drug abusers. The study also established that cannabis is the most abused drug in Zimbabwe and that the problem of drug abuse has negative effects to the drug abuser, family, community and nation at large. The current study recommends for future studies to establish intervention programs in Zimbabwe that aim to enhance self-control and self-concept in youth drug abusers.
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Ahmadi NH, Ahmadi NH, Ratna Fitri, and Elly NH Elly NH. "Relationship between Risk Factors and Drug Use among Female Prisoners in Semarang Prison between 2012 and 2013." Sains Medika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan 5, no. 1 (June 7, 2013): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/sainsmed.v5i1.363.
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Drugs abuse is a complex problem facing family and society. Drug abuse cases have long long been recognized. in Indoneisia the cases started to gain public attention in 1969. Today, the similiar cases are increasing in number. There have been more number cases and type of drugs abused (multiple drugs). The Risk factors for drug abuse vary among individuals and involve several factors namely individual, environment and drugs. The interaction of the three factors leads to the drug abuse. To cope with that, a holistic approach is needed. This study was aimed at dinding out the risk factors for drug abuse among women serving in women prison of Semarang due to drug abuse. In this cross-sectional study, chi square test was applied to assess the correlation between the risk factors and the drug abuse. Cooficient contigency was applied to evaluate the degree of correlation among variables. The result showed that out of 273 women prisoners, 176 were drug abusers. The individual factors of enxiety had a normal possitive correlation with drug abuse with a weak correlation (p<0,05, r=0,221.)
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Zaman, Muhammad, Sobia Razzaq, Rabia Hassan, Junaid Qureshi, Hira Ijaz, Muhammad Hanif, and Fazal Rahman Chughtai. "Drug abuse among the students." Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 1, no. 1 (January 1, 2015): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.22200/pjpr.2015141-47.
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ABSTRACT:Drug abuse is the willful misuse of either licit or illicit drugs for the purpose of recreation, perceived necessity or convenience. Drug abuse is a more intense and often willful misuse of drugs often to the point of addiction. In the eastern world the incidence shows a decline or a static pattern but the number of drug addicts is still enormous.. The major drug of abuse are heroin and marijuana but designer drugs are shown to be on the increase. The aim of the study is to determine the ratio of the drug abuse in student. For this purpose we selected different institutions including “the university of Lahore”, “Forman Christian college”(private sector) and Punjab university(Govt sector) and conducted survey in 500 student. High proportion of students was found abusing drugs. From this study, we came across multiple factors which are the main cause of drug abuse in medical student including depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, as well as personality disorder like antisocial personality disorder. The most commonly abused drugs include stimulants, opioids, and benzodiazepines, antihistamines. Although survey have indicated high rate of illicit and prescription drugs misuse among college students, few have assessed the negative consequences, personel concerns, or interest in intervention for drugs use. Drug abuse although regarded as a personality disorder, may also be seen as worldwide epidemic with evolutionary genetic, physiology and environmental influences Controlling and affecting human behavior. Globally, the use has reached all time high. The study showed males are more drug abusers as compared to females. The drug abuse ratio in students of private sector is more as compared to Govt sector.
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Yuen, WC, WF Tang, and CH Chung. "Substance Abuse Patient Characteristics: A Scene from an Emergency Department near the Hong Kong – Shenzhen Border." Hong Kong Journal of Emergency Medicine 8, no. 4 (October 2001): 196–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/102490790100800402.
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Objective Drug abuse is an escalating problem in Hong Kong, especially among teenagers and young adults. A study was conducted in order to obtain the characteristics of drug abusers presenting to the Accident & Emergency department of North District Hospital, which is located in the New Territories near the Hong Kong – Shenzhen border. Design Prospective study. Setting Accident and Emergency department of a public general hospital. Patients Drug abusers presenting to the Accident and Emergency department in a six-month period. Main outcome measures Epidemiological data including demographic data, types of drug taken, place of drug abuse and magnitude of cross-border drug abuse were collected and analyzed. Results The sex distribution was male 59 and female 13 (ratio=4.5:1). The mean age was 29.2 (range 14 to 67 years). Of interest, 29.2% abused drugs at home; 29.2% abused drugs in parties such as karaoke, rave and disco; 68% abused drugs in Hong Kong; 32% abused drugs in China and 6.9% claimed themselves first-time drug abusers. The commonest drug taken was ecstasy (40.3%) – the majority (55%) in China and the rest (45%) in Hong Kong. For organic solvent abusers, 57.1% were below 18 years of age. One patient died, resulting in a mortality rate of 1.4%. Conclusion Ecstasy was the commonest drug abused on both sides of the “border”. The majority of substance abusers were teenagers or young adult males. This study confirmed the significant magnitude of psychotropic substance abuse problem among the young population in the North District, indicating the urgent need for clinical and social intervention.
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Wakefield, Julie. "Drug Abuse. Leading to Drug Abuse." Environmental Health Perspectives 109, no. 2 (February 2001): A68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3434752.
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Marsono, Iman Santoso, and Kemala Atmojo. "Penerapan Rehabilitasi terhadap Korban Penyalahgunaan Narkotika Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 35 Tahun 2009 tentang Narkotika dalam Perspektif Teori Rehabilitasi." Syntax Literate ; Jurnal Ilmiah Indonesia 8, no. 9 (September 24, 2023): 4961–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.36418/syntax-literate.v8i9.13552.
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In Law Number 35 of 2009 concerning Narcotics (Narcotics Law), drug users can be divided into Abusers, Addicts and Victims of Narcotics Abuse. Drug abusers are people who use drugs without rights or against the law. But if the person is a drug addict, he is a person who uses and abuses drugs dependently both physically and psychologically. Where drug abusers and addicts have an element of intentionality in their actions. This is of course different from the qualifications of people who are victims of drug abuse. The Supreme Court based on the provisions of Article 103 of the Narcotics Law took steps to build a paradigm to stop criminalization for drug addicts by issuing a Supreme Court Decree (SEMA) Number 4 of 2010 concerning the Determination of Abusers, and Drug Addicts into Medical Rehabilitation and Social Rehabilitation Institutions. The author provides an example of a case of a victim of drug abuse whose case has been decided by PN Klaten with its decision Number 8 / Pid.Sus / 2019 / PN.Kln. The research method used is the normative juridical method, which is research that prioritizes literature data, namely research on secondary data. The secondary data can be primary, secondary or tertiary legal material. This research includes research on positive legal provisions in force in Indonesia relating to the application of rehabilitation to victims of drug abuse. Based on the results of the study, the author concluded that the application of rehabilitation for victims of drug abuse was carried out by an integrated assessment team with the aim of saving victims of drug abuse, if someone is an addict. Or the victim caught can determine whether to be put in prison or rehabilitated. Addicts and victims of drug abuse are "sick people" who are obliged to undergo treatment by placing them in social rehabilitation institutions. This is based on the consideration that most drug offenders are victims of drug abuse. Understanding the reorientation of handling addicts and victims of drug abuse, which formulates that drug users who are in the legal process and proven to be pure users are no longer led to bars, but rehabilitated, so that both the Police and the Prosecutor's Office still apply legal processes and naan ids for every abuser caught consuming narcotics
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Nautiyal, Anuj. "Drug Abuse & Cognitive Functioning." Mental Health & Human Resilience International Journal 7, no. 2 (2023): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/mhrij-16000227.
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Extensive research has been conducted on cognitive impairments in substance use disorders, particularly with the advancements in cognitive and computational neuroscience as well as neuroimaging techniques over the past two decades. It has been noticed that, impaired cognition functioning is the common factor in person with substance abuse most precisely in case of attention, memory, recalling, decision making etc. Addiction has been showing basic impairment in brain and brain related processes through improper regulation and decreasing motivation and development of apathy. This special issue addresses cognitive impairment as a trans-diagnostic domain, highlighting the potential benefits of advancing the understanding and treatment of cognitive dysfunction in substance use disorders for various psychiatric conditions. In line with this overarching objective, we provide a summary of current findings in the fore mentioned cognitive domains of substance use disorders. Additionally, we propose an expansion of the scope to encompass precognition and social cognition, which are often overlooked but hold significant relevance to substance use disorders. While these two areas have received comparatively less attention, they are essential aspects of substance use disorders both phenomenologically and in other respects. The review concludes by suggesting avenues for further research and potential therapeutic interventions targeting both the well-established cognitive domains and this more comprehensive understanding of cognitive impairments associated with substance use disorders.
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Kavita, Vincent, Jacob Masika, and Priscilla Kabue. "Epidemiology of Substance Abuse Among the Youths in Makueni County, Kenya." Psychology and Behavioral Sciences 13, no. 2 (April 17, 2024): 32–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.pbs.20241302.13.
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Introduction: Majority of youths all over the world ignorantly rely on one or more types of drugs for their everyday activities, including Mandrax, Cocaine, Tobacco, Heroine, Khat, Morphine, Alcohol, Amphetamines, Ephedrine, and Glue among others. This study’s purpose was to evaluate the epidemiology of substance abuse among the youths in Makueni County, Kenya. The broad objectives that guided the study was; to determine the epidemiology of substance abuse among the youths in Makueni County, Kenya. Methodology: -A Cross-sectional mixed-method study design was undertaken, with the target population consisting of all youths from Makueni County's eight main marketplaces. Purposive sampling was employed to obtain the 8 Major urban centres while simple random selection approach was employed to obtain respondents in each market. Qualitative data was collected using 8 key informants to supplement the quantitative data collected from the youths. A self-administered questionnaire was employed. Quantitative data was analysed using Descriptive as well as inferential statistics while qualitative narrative data was grouped into themes and was presented inform of texts with verbatim quotes used to amplify the voice of the informants. Results: The study sampled 384 respondents from Makueni County. Prevalence of Drug/Substance abuse stood at 62.3 % with alcohol (58.3%) being the most commonly abused drug/Substance. Hard Drugs were the least abused with 96.9% reporting they had never abused. Pearson correlation between gender, age and education level on prevalence of drug abuse in Makueni showed a weak positive relationship(r=0.032), weak negative relationship (r=-0.064) and a significant negative relationship (r=-0.212) respectively. High unemployment rates 62.3%, easy availability of drugs 34.3%, Peer pressure 72.3%, cheap cost of drugs 28.3% and poverty level 15.1% are main contributory factors to drug abuse. A chi-square run on the factors contributing to drug abuse also indicated a significant positive relationship between the local music, TV programs, friends, and social media with prevalence of drug abuse in Makueni County. The chi-square results also revealed a weak positive relationship between parents and prevalence of drug abuse in Makueni County. Faith-based organizations, local leaders, religious leaders, and non-governmental organizations had a strong negative relationship with prevalence of drug abuse in Makueni County. Conclusion & Recommendations: There is high prevalence of Drug/Substance abuse among the youths in Makueni County and both the County Government, national Government and the community in general must put stringent measures to curb the easy availability, sale and buying of abusive Drugs and other substances in the county.
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Wang, Xin, Jingjing Cui, Yue Zhuo, Baohua Shen, Sujing Zhang, Wei Liu, Min Shen, and Ping Xiang. "A Retrospective of Prevalence of Drugs of Abuse by Hair Analysis in Shanghai using LC–MS-MS." Journal of Analytical Toxicology 44, no. 5 (February 4, 2020): 482–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jat/bkaa007.
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Abstract This study presents a retrospective analysis of the prevalence of drug abuse in Shanghai by hair analysis. Files and toxicology analysis results of a total of 5,610 cases requesting for hair analysis of abused drugs at the Academy of Forensic Science (AFS) in Shanghai over 12 months between August 2018 and July 2019 were reviewed. All cases of drug abuse identified by hair analysis were from the public security organs in Shanghai, China. Hair samples were analyzed for drugs of abuse and related metabolites, mainly including amphetamine (AMP), methamphetamine (MA), 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), ketamine (K), norketamine (NK), cocaine (COC), benzoylecgonine, morphine, 6-acetylmorphine, flunitrazepam, and 5-methoxy-N,N-diisopropyltryptamine (5-MeO-DIPT), using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS-MS). Among the 5,610 cases, 1,713 (30.5%) were positive for drugs of abuse, with amphetamine-type stimulants (ATS) (57%), including amphetamines (AMP and MA) (48%), MDMA and MDA (9%), being the most frequently detected drugs, followed by THC (14%), COC (8%), 5-MeO-DIPT (8%), and K (7%). The majority (75%) of positive hair samples were from male subjects. Overall, 77% of abusers were younger than 44 years old. The proportion of female subjects (22.3%) under 24 years was larger than that of male subjects (7.8%). There were 132 cases (7.7%) in which more than one type of drug was detected among 1,713 drug-positive cases. The most common combination was MDMA and K. The present study characterizes the current toxicological profile of drug abuse cases and provides a scientific basis for drug abuse prevention. Moreover, the hair concentration distributions of the commonly abused drugs in positive cases have been reported.
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Adetiloye, Adepeju Akinlawon, and Osunwoye Adedapo Abel. "Drug Abuse Among Nigerian Youth and Its Consequences – A Review of Literature." Sokoto Journal of Medical Laboratory Science 7, no. 2 (August 26, 2022): 101–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/sokjmls.v7i2.12.
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The available evidences suggest that it is true that drugs are used for beneficial therapeutic purposes, effective substance for good health, but they are also being abused by people especially youths. They use it illegally and unlawfully, thus it becomes harmful to the body. Studies have described a growing impact of drug abuse among Nigerian youths to the extent of being considered a moral decadent. The Nigerian youths are deliberately using drugs illegally, unlawfully and intentionally. while many are ignorantly or knowingly depending on one drug or the other for their daily activities. The objective of this review is to highlight the dangers and consequences of drug abuse particularly among the Nigerian youths. The review, which consists of literature search of journals and chapters in books, provides an insight into common drugs and substances that are abused, causes of drug abuse, social effect, prevention or control measures and laboratory investigations. Hence, for its public health significance, there is an urgent call for increased vigilance and improved knowledge/research-driven approaches to the diagnosis and management of drugs and substance of abuse.
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E Nabofa, Ochuko. "New trend of drugs abused by secondary school students in Nigeria." African Health Sciences 21, no. 3 (September 27, 2021): 1460–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v21i3.57.
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Background: It appears that there is a new trend in the types of drugs abused by secondary school students in Nigeria that makes it difficult to identify current drug abusers.
Objectives: This study was conducted to reveal the trends with regards to the types of drugs abused by these students in the country.
Methods: This is an online and desktop review of published articles about the types of drugs abused by secondary school students during the period that spanned from 2010–2020.
Results: In all, 17 research reports were identified as having data on the types of drugs abused by secondary students in the Nigeria. It was found that 18 different drugs were empirically identified as being abused by secondary school students in 9 different states of Nigeria. The observed trend is that alcohol, cannabis, tobacco and cigarettes are the most abused drugs, while drugs that were least abused were cocaine, caffeine, glue, heroine, energy drinks, miraa, rohypnol and tramadol.
Conclusion: It was concluded that studies of drug abuse by secondary school students in Nigeria are not yet robust enough to reveal the types of drugs that are currently being abused.
Keywords: Adolescent Health; Drug Abuse; Drug Effects; Drug Safety; Drug Utilisation.
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Fatema, Kaniz, Kazi Shafiqul Halim, Sohela Rahman, Sharmin Hamid, Keya Sarke, Arifa Akram, and Ashiqur Rahman. "Drug Abuse of Professional Drivers: Experience from Referral Dope Test." Bangladesh Medical Journal 52, no. 1 (June 13, 2024): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bmj.v52i1.71039.
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In Bangladesh, drug abuse is one of the dangerous problems among drivers that hamper road safety and make government worry. In that context, this cross-sectional study was conducted in National Institute of Laboratory Medicine and Referral Center (NILMRC) and aims to determine the proportion of drug abuser among professional drivers in Bangladesh. This study also addressed to recognize the various types of abused drugs, the pattern and the trend of drug abusers during study period. Data were collected from online data server of NILMRC during the period of July to December 2022. Bangladesh Road Transport Authority (BRTA) customarily refers urine samples of drivers to NILMRC for dope test. Dope tests were performed in immunochromatographic test (ICT) device and semi-auto analyzer. Dope results and demographic data of drivers were well-kept-up in online server for electronic transfer and use of data. Commonly abused drugs in Bangladesh such as, cannabinoids, amphetamines, opiates, benzodiazepines and alcohol were assessed. A total of 70866 drivers had been tested for six months of study period among them 2720 (3.81%) were found dope test positive. Considering monthly trends from July to December 2022 the highest incidence were found in December where 473 (4.58%) of 10323 drivers were dope test positive; however in November 639 (4.56%) of 14,017, in September 682 (4.07%) of 16757, in October 551(3.62%) of 15221, in August 320 (3.42%) of 9348, then less incidence were found in July 55 (1.05%) of 5200 drivers had been tested positive. There was an increase number of test positive cases were detected during the period from July to December. The highest number drug abuser that is more than two-third (70%) of drivers were found among young adult age group (25-44) years. The five types of abused drugs were tested; among those the highest proportion (91.5%) of abused drug was Cannabinoids, then Benzodiazepines was 5.5%, Amphetamine was 1.3%, Opiates was 1% and Alcohol was 0.8%. No female drivers were found test positive. Cannabinoids was the most common drug of abuse among drivers referred by BRTA, Bangladesh. During this study, there was challenge to different kind illegal means. If the illegal means could be resolute then the data of positive finding would be higher than this finding. So implementation online registration, proper identification by finger print or retinal scanning and providing online reports may minimize the illegal means. Bangladesh Med J. 2023 Jan; 52(1): 1-5
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Baigent, Michael, Gwili Holme, and R. Julian Hafner. "Self Reports of the Interaction between Substance abuse and Schizophrenia." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 29, no. 1 (March 1995): 69–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00048679509075894.
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Fifty-three psychiatric hospital inpatients with a dual diagnosis of substance abuse and schizophrenia were given the Brief Symptom Inventory and the Schizophrenia/Substance Abuse Interview Schedule. Mean age was 29; 49 were men. Only 11% were employed. Forty percent abused mainly alcohol, 40% cannabis and 8% amphetamines; 20% abused more than one substance. Mean onset age of drug abuse was 16 years; schizophrenia was diagnosed a mean of 5 years later, and subjects had been admitted to hospital an average of 7 times since then. Most believed that drug abuse initiated or exacerbated their schizophrenia; 80% took drugs primarily to relieve dysphoria and anxiety. Amphetamines improved subjective well-being significantly more than alcohol, but choice of drugs was determined mainly by price and availability. Only cannabis increased positive symptoms of schizophrenia and only amphetamines reduced negative ones. Effectively treating this population requires an integration of psychiatric and drug treatment services, ideally in a community context.
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Aweh, Opani, Oniyide Alabi Bello, and Jason Omemu. "A framework for tracking the distribution of increasingly abused pharmaceutical medications." ABUAD International Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences 2, no. 1 (March 30, 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.53982/aijnas.2022.0201.01-j.
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The purpose of this study is to identify a system for tracking the distribution of increasingly abused prescription drugs. The problems identified in the study was the increase of prescribed drugs falling into the category of drugs that are frequently abused and this was as a result of improper systems in place designed to track such drugs alongside normal drug distribution networks. The theories of drug abuse highlight the propensity for the increased rate of drug abuse amongst individuals and why it has become imperative that a system that will track such drugs be developed and must be dynamic to readily update new discoveries falling into the abuse category. The study used the object-oriented design methodology to formulate designs for the system through eliciting information on the subject matter with documents and literature of previous works, empirical investigations and personal interviews. The obtained knowledge was then used in designing the proposed system requirements. Manual tests were carried out in units for each component’s functionality before the system was tested as a single integrated unit. The study concludes with the development of a system that can meet the dynamic requirements for tracking the distribution of drugs that are subject to drug abuse along with the distribution framework.
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Melanson, Stacy E. F., Leland Baskin, Barbarajean Magnani, Tai C. Kwong, Annabel Dizon, and Alan H. B. Wu. "Interpretation and Utility of Drug of Abuse Immunoassays: Lessons From Laboratory Drug Testing Surveys." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 134, no. 5 (May 1, 2010): 735–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/134.5.735.
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Abstract Context.—To assist with patient diagnosis and management, physicians from pain services, drug treatment programs, and the emergency department frequently request that urine be tested for drugs of abuse. However, urine immunoassays for drugs of abuse have limitations. Objective.—To use data from the College of American Pathologists Proficiency Testing Surveys to determine and summarize the characteristics, performance, and limitations of urine immunoassays for drugs of abuse. Design.—Six years of urine drug testing proficiency surveys were reviewed. Results.—Lysergic acid diethylamide and methaqualone are infrequently prescribed or abused and, therefore, testing may be unnecessary. However, implementation of more specific testing for methylenedioxymethamphetamine and oxycodone may be warranted. Each drug of abuse immunoassay exhibits a different cross-reactivity profile. Depending on the cross-reactivity profile, patients with clinically insignificant concentrations of drugs may have false-positive results, and patients with clinically significant concentrations of drugs may have false-negative results. Conclusions.—Laboratory directors should be aware of the characteristics of their laboratories' assays and should communicate these characteristics to physicians so that qualitative results can be interpreted more accurately. Furthermore, manufacturer's claims should be interpreted with caution and should be verified in each organization's patient population, if possible.
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Kanamori, Mariano, Mario De La Rosa, Jessica Weissman, Patria Rojas, Maria Elena Villar, Mary Jo Trepka, Frank Dillon, and Maritza Jaramillo. "Associations between drug/alcohol use and emotional abuse: Who perpetrates emotional abuse against Latina women?" Journal of Epidemiological Research 2, no. 1 (November 17, 2015): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/jer.v2n1p95.
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Emotional abuse is the most prevalent form of violence against Latinas. We examined dimensions and characteristics of Latino mothers’ and daughters’ exposure to emotional abuse and the associations between emotional abuse and heavy alcohol use and illicit drug illicit substance abuse. This 5-year longitudinal study included 112 Latino mothers and 121 Latino daughters. Analyses included: chi-square test and logistic regression. The proportion of women who reported being emotionally abused at Wave 2 but who did not report any emotional abuse during Wave 1 (5 years total) was 21.2% for daughters and 14.3% for mothers. Among emotionally abused women, 33.3% of mothers and 36.1% of daughters were abused by 2 or more people. Almost half of the mothers (48.0%) were emotionally abused by their son/daughter; 36.1% of daughters were emotionally abused by their mother. Mothers who abused drugs were more likely to be emotionally abused (OR = 3.86; 95% CI = 1.32, 11.34). Our findings suggest that attention should be given to emotional abuse and its potential for leading to substance abuse among Latinas.
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Muthikwa, Immaculate, and Lucy Kibera. "EFFECTS OF DRUG AND SUBSTANCE ABUSE ON PRIMARY SCHOOL PUPILS’ ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN KAKUMA REFUGEE CAMP, TURKANA COUNTY, KENYA." International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 6, no. 1 (January 31, 2018): 186–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol6.iss1.889.
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This study investigated the effect of drug and substance abuse on primary school pupils’ academic performance in Kakuma refugee camp, Turkana County, Kenya. Specifically, the study sought to determine the extent of drug and substance abuse among pupils, establish whether peer influence led to drug and substance abuse among pupils and determine the influence of drug and substance abuse on pupils; academic performance. The study was guided by Albert Bandura’s social cognitive theory of 1986. The research used descriptive survey design and stratified sampling technique. The sample size compared 200 pupils, 20 guiding and counseling teachers, 10 headteachers and 1 education officer. The study used questionnaires to gather quantitative data which was analyzed using SPSS package and was thereafter presented in frequencies tables and graphs. On the other hand, qualitative data was solicited through focus discussion groups and was processed through content analysis and summarized in thematic areas. The findings indicated that alcohol was the commonly abused substance. The majority (65%) of teacher counselors stated that drug and substance abuse and was most commonly available at 55% among pupils who abused drugs and alcohol. As a result, most of the pupils (58.8%) expected to attain between 201-250 marks at Kenya Certificate of Primary Education in 2017. The prevalence of abuse of alcohol was at 55% followed by tobacco and bhang at 45% and 35% respectively. The results have further revealed that the causes of alcohol and drug abuse included peer pressure influence with (75%), idleness (65%), lack of parental guidance (40%), availability of drugs in schools (35%) and influence of extended family (25%).
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Ejodamen, P. U., and N. O. Ogini. "Students’ Perceptions on Drug Abuse and Academic Performance in Computer Science and Allied Subjects." Nigerian Journal of Technology 40, no. 1 (March 23, 2021): 63–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v40i1.10.
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Given the high rate of drug abuse in society, this study investigates how much of its knowledge is available to secondary school students. Also evaluated is the perceived effect of drug abuse on their academic achievement in subjects such as Computer science and allied subjects. A questionnaire was developed to obtain the respondents’ opinion with 304 responses analyzed for this study. This research reveals that the majority (97.4%) of students know about drug abuse and the harm it causes to health. The most abused drugs by the students surveyed are Alcohol (5.9%), Tobacco (3.3%), and Marijuana (Indian hemp) (2.3%). The hypotheses tested showed a statistically significant (p<0.05) relationship between the type of school (public/private) a student attends and their tendency to abuse drugs, as well as how much knowledge is possessed by the students. We conclude that the academic performance of students can be negatively influenced by the abuse of drugs.
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Zemba, Mercy. "The Causes and Effects of Drug Abuse on Pupils Academic Performance: A Case Study of Mindolo Secondary School in Kitwe, Zambia." International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Analysis 05, no. 08 (August 29, 2022): 2253–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.47191/ijmra/v5-i8-45.
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: The study analyses the causes and effects of drug abuse on academic performance of pupils at Mindolo secondary school in Kitwe District, Zambia. This study used a descriptive survey design to find out the causes and effects of drug abuse on pupil’s academic performance. Questionnaire and interviews were the instruments used to collect data and data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences, (SPSS). The mean and the standard deviation were used to see the trends in the data. The results of the study reviewed that Alcohol was frequently abused by pupils at Mindolo secondary school and that factors such as peer pressure, low self-esteem, and availability of drugs contributed to the abuse of drugs. The abuse of these drugs has led to poor performance, absenteeism, and low concentration in class amongst pupils. The other effects of drug abuse were suspensions, dropping out of school, and failure to participate in various school activities.
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Conca, Addison J., and David R. Worthen. "Nonprescription Drug Abuse." Journal of Pharmacy Practice 25, no. 1 (January 3, 2012): 13–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190011431148.
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Nonprescription drug, also referred to as over-the-counter (OTC) abuse, is a serious and growing global health challenge. Drugs from many different therapeutic classes and numerous dosage forms and drug delivery systems are implicated in nonprescription drug abuse. Individuals who commonly abuse certain nonprescription medications are likewise diverse, varying in age, demographics, and overall health status. The clinician is in a unique position to assist in identifying those patients at risk for nonprescription drug abuse and those who are abusers, and may play an important role in intervention, patient care, and in the treatment of nonprescription drug abuse. A concise review of nonprescription drug abuse may be of use to the clinician in this regard.
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Ngwu, Christopher N., Ogbu Chukwuemeka Osmond, and Abonyi E. Sunday. "Perceptions of Drug Use and Abuse among Adults in Igbo-Eze North Local Government Area of Enugu State, Nigeria: Implications for Social Work Practice." Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences 11, no. 5 (September 23, 2020): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.36941/mjss-2020-0056.
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Drug use has not been the problem but rather its abuse and irrespective of the risk thereof, people still abuse them. That is why this study was set out to examine the perceptions of drug use and abuse among adults in Enugu-Ezike in Igbo-Eze North Local Government Area, Enugu State, Nigeria. The study utilized a cross-sectional survey design. The study subjects consisted of 195 respondents (107 males and 88 females) aged 18 years and above. The quantitative data gathered were analyzed with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) using percentages and frequency distribution tables. Chi-square (X2) statistics were used to test the hypotheses The findings showed that 52.3% of the respondents know the meaning of drug use while majority of the respondents were aware of drug abuse. 81.0% of the respondents have negative perception of drug abuse. Also, 54.9% stated that Marijuana is the most abused drug in the study area. Eighty percent (80%) believed that increase in drug abuse increases the rate of crime in the communities. Above thirty-one percent believe that family problems contributed in abusing drugs. The implications of the study to social work practice therefore, is to carry out the public enlightenment, community education, counselling and research on the dangers of drug abuse in Nigeria. The study recommends that the stakeholders in drug use and management should develop appropriate measures to combat the menace of drug abuse that is ravaging our society.
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Anselmino, Matteo, Mario Matta, and Fiorenzo Gaita. "Drug abuse." Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine 15, no. 7 (July 2014): 525–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2459/jcm.0b013e3283641b3d.
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Gossop, M. R. "Drug abuse." British Journal of Clinical Psychology 31, no. 1 (February 1992): 121–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8260.1992.tb00976.x.
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Lettieri, Dan J. "Drug Abuse:." Advances in Alcohol & Substance Abuse 4, no. 3-4 (March 1985): 9–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j251v04n03_02.
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&NA;. "Drug Abuse." Nursing Management (Springhouse) 21, no. 6 (June 1990): 14???15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006247-199006000-00005.
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Marks, John. "DRUG ABUSE." Lancet 329, no. 8535 (March 1987): 746. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(87)90386-2.
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Eve, S. B. "Drug Abuse." Gerontologist 25, no. 6 (December 1, 1985): 656–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geront/25.6.656.
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Davis, Gregory G. "Drug Abuse." Clinics in Laboratory Medicine 32, no. 3 (September 2012): 407–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cll.2012.06.002.
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M, K. "DRUG ABUSE." Nursing 24, no. 2 (February 1994): 4–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00152193-199402000-00003.
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&NA;. "Drug Abuse." Psychiatric Genetics 5, Supplement (August 1995): 76–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00041444-199508001-00023.
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Bergen, Sarah E., Charles O. Gardner, Steven H. Aggen, and Kenneth S. Kendler. "Socioeconomic Status and Social Support Following Illicit Drug Use: Causal Pathways or Common Liability?" Twin Research and Human Genetics 11, no. 3 (June 1, 2008): 266–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/twin.11.3.266.
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AbstractThe negative social attributes associated with drug use and abuse/dependence may arise as a result of shared genetic or environmental factors rather than through causal pathways. To evaluate this possibility, structured interviews were conducted for 3969 male and female twins from the Mid-Atlantic Twin Registry and evaluations of their socioeconomic status (SES), social interactions, and use of drugs were obtained. Drug involvement was categorized as never used, tried, or met criteria for abuse or dependence. A co-twin control design was implemented using hierarchical linear modeling to assess whether twins who used drugs experienced lower SES and social support than non-using co-twins. Poorer social functioning in the drug-exposed twin is consistent with a causal relationship, while similar functioning in the drug exposed versus naive twins imply shared genetic or common environmental factors. Use of drugs was not significantly related to any SES measures. However, education and job status appear to share genetic influences with drug abuse/dependence. Lower income was not related to abuse/dependence of drugs. Negative interactions with friends and relatives share genetic factors with use of drugs, but the escalation from trying drugs to abusing them appears to generate discord between the abuser and friends and relatives in a causal fashion. These results indicate that presumptive causal influences of drug abuse/dependence on low SES may actually be mediated by shared genes. Drug use and social discord also appear to have shared genetic factors, but increased levels of drug involvement seem to causally influence social interactions.
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Jude N Nwafor, Lois N Omaka-Amari, Raphael E Ochiaka, Eunice N Afoke, Christian O Aleke, and Emeka M Osman. "Socio-demographic factors influencing the level of drug abuse among undergraduates in tertiary institutions in Ebonyi State." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 12, no. 1 (October 30, 2021): 378–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2021.12.1.0460.
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This study examined the demographic factors influencing the level of drug abuse among undergraduates of Ebonyi State University. To achieve this, three objectives and corresponding research questions were posed and three hypotheses were formulated and tested at. 05 level of significance. The study design was a descriptive cross-sectional survey. A sample of 943 students was drawn from a population of 18859 students. The instrument for data collection was a three-item questionnaire titled: Level of Drug Abuse Survey questionnaire (LDASQ) with a reliability coefficient of 0.93. Data were analyzed using Frequency, Percentage and chi-square statistic. The results of the study showed among others, that more males (56.7%) than females (35.2%) abused drugs. There was significant association between student gender and level of drug abuse among university students in Ebonyi state. It was recommended among others that the Ministry of Education (Federal and State) must as a matter of urgency add to their curricular drug education for both the primary and secondary schools to enable students understand the adverse effect of drug abuse and as well develop attitude that will help them resist the temptation to abuse drugs even as they enter into high institutions.
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Tahjiba, Faiqua. "Drug abuse and drug addiction among students of University of Rajshahi." Bangladesh Journal of Bioethics 11, no. 3 (December 8, 2020): 21–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bioethics.v11i3.50595.
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Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the actual condition of the students of University of Rajshahi (RU) regarding drug abuse and addiction. Using case study method the research was conducted with four objectives: (a) to find out how respondents began drug abuse; (b) to discover the causes of their drug addiction; (c) to understand the process of their drug abuse; and (d) to find out the economic, social and health effects of drug abuse. Methods: Case study method was used in this research. Through snowball sampling 18 drug- addicted students of RU were selected as respondents. In-depth interview with a schedule was used to collect data from the respondents in January 2019. Results: Findings of the study show that the causes of drug addiction included curiosity, frustration, friends’ request, neglect from family and friends etc. The drugs which they usually abused were Yaba, Phensydyle, Ganja (Weed), Chuani etc. Their average monthly expenditure for collecting drugs was in between Taka 8,000-10,000. They collected those drugs from rickshaw pullers at different points within the campus and from Mizaner Mor, Budhpara slum and other places outside the campus. The respondents opined that drugs were available if sufficient money could be spent. The respondents had senior and junior fellow students and local boys as companions while taking drugs. Most of them faced physical problems after taking drugs, and some of them tried to get rid of this curse of drug addiction. Conclusion: The findings of this research show that the rate of drug addiction among the students of RU was quite alarming. Therefore, all stakeholders including the students, guardians, teachers, university authority, the law makers and law enforcing agencies, researchers, civil society, NGO’s and the state must come forward together to combat this formidable foe.
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Djou, Rahmatia, and Tenny Setiani Dewi. "Oral Manifestation Related to Drug Abuse : A Systematic Review." Dentika Dental Journal 22, no. 2 (October 22, 2019): 44–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/dentika.v22i2.759.
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Drug abuse influences the pathological of oral diseases. There are scarce evidence-based data on the oral manifestations related to drug abuse. This systematic review aim to assess the oral manifestations related to drug abuse. Electronic databases were searched using keywords include oral manifestations and drug abuse. Observational studies published until September 2018 with the outcome of oral manifestations related to drug abuse were included. Data were extracted as percentage include drug type, route of administration, and oral manifestations. Study quality was assessed using the quartile score of Scopus index. The systematic review of 17 studies revealed that methamphetamine (53%), heroin (41%), cannabis (35%), and cocaine (35%) were the most frequent abused drugs from 10139 samples. The routes of administration include smoking (58%),inhalation (35%), injection (35%), and oral route (17%), with duration of use ranged from one year to forty years. The most significant of oral manifestations reported were periodontal diseases (76%), dental caries (76%), and xerostomia (41%). Adverse drug reaction in oral cavity may cause, directly or indirectly, immunosuppression, susceptibility to infections, and oral pathologies due to chemical composition and mechanism of action specifically to drug type related with duration of use and route of administration.
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Nurrilla, Rima Diana. "EFIKASI DIRI KADER ANTI PENYALAHGUNAAN NARKOBA BERBASIS PELAJAR DI SMA SURABAYA." IKESMA 14, no. 2 (September 17, 2018): 154. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/ikesma.v14i2.9200.
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Drug abuse has increased each year and and has spread to adolescents who are still in school. Goverments city of Surabaya issued preventive drug abuse policies (Perwali) Number 65 of 2014about policies and strategies for the area in the field of prevention, combating drug abuse and illict drugs (P4GN). One of the priority programs of the Government of the city of Surabaya is forming student-based cadre. The formation of drug abused student-based cadre is a form of social reinforcement among students. The purpose of the research is to find out academic self efficacy of drug abused student-based cadre in Surabaya High School. This research is descriptive research with using qualitative approach. The results showed that self efficacy of drug abused student-based cadre can be seen through the dimension level, the dimension of generality, and dimensions of strenght. Dimension level faced cadres was considered patronizing by friends, many of friends are less open regarding their problems , and the issue abaout time management.The dimension of generality is obtained because the respondents consider they are able to carry out his duties as motivate friends, discussions, sharing drug-related information to a friend, an extension of the hand counselor teacher and positive activities that lead to prevention drugs. The dimensions of the strenght that is owned by the respondent based on some of the things that is add to the experience and insights, like to help friends, fighting drugs and because chosen to represent the school.
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Sil, Susmita, Fang Niu, Ernest T. Chivero, Seema Singh, Palsamy Periyasamy, and Shilpa Buch. "Role of Inflammasomes in HIV-1 and Drug Abuse Mediated Neuroinflammaging." Cells 9, no. 8 (August 8, 2020): 1857. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells9081857.
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Despite the effectiveness of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) in suppressing virus replication, chronic inflammation remains one of the cardinal features intersecting HIV-1, cART, drug abuse, and likely contributes to the accelerated neurocognitive decline and aging in people living with HIV-1 (PLWH) that abuse drugs. It is also estimated that ~30–60% of PLWH on cART develop cognitive deficits associated with HIV-1-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND), with symptomatology ranging from asymptomatic to mild, neurocognitive impairments. Adding further complexity to HAND is the comorbidity of drug abuse in PLWH involving activated immune responses and the release of neurotoxins, which, in turn, mediate neuroinflammation. Premature or accelerated aging is another feature of drug abusing PLWH on cART regimes. Emerging studies implicate the role of HIV-1/HIV-1 proteins, cART, and abused drugs in altering the inflammasome signaling in the central nervous system (CNS) cells. It is thus likely that exposure of these cells to HIV-1/HIV-1 proteins, cART, and/or abused drugs could have synergistic/additive effects on the activation of inflammasomes, in turn, leading to exacerbated neuroinflammation, ultimately resulting in premature aging referred to as “inflammaging” In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of inflammasome activation, neuroinflammation, and aging in central nervous system (CNS) cells such as microglia, astrocytes, and neurons in the context of HIV-1 and drug abuse.
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Marlinda, Evy, Syamsul Firdaus, and Haitami Haitami. "DILAN (DETEKSI DINI-LANJUT) NARKOBA PELAJAR SMPN-3 KECAMATAN CEMPAKA KOTA BANJARBARU." Jurnal Rakat Sehat : Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat 1, no. 1 (April 22, 2022): 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.31964/jrs.v1i1.5.
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Drug abuse in students are increase. Banjarbaru City shows 305 case drug abuse in 65% students in the range 10-19 years old covers third highest district are Cempaka district, Landasan Ulin district and Banjarbaru district. Objective : supportive knowledge early teenage traits of drug abuser, how to prevent drug abuse by reinforcement of assertive behavior and self concept. Method : screening drug abuse randomly to 100 students, leaflet distribution, practical simulation and health education to 55 participants of community school. Result : urine test to 95 students show negative, health promotion by DILAN drug abuse shows difference between pre and post test. Training introduction of DILAN drug abuse will help community school to care with drug abuse. Getting early to know potential deviation will be easy to early detection and prevention by teacher and family in school level. Recommendation : the need to continuity of program by monitoring aplication and tools by online program.
Keyword : early detection, drug abuse, students
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Aliyu, Samaila, and Kabiru Umar. "Drug Abuse and Implications on Students Learning: A Conceptual Review Emphasized on Sokoto, Nigeria." EDUMALSYS Journal of Research in Education Management 2, no. 2 (May 16, 2024): 60–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.58578/edumalsys.v2i2.2987.
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Drug abuse is a worldwide issue threatening almost all aspects of human life. The aim of this paper is to consider a review of concepts of drug abuse and effects on academic/education of learners with a particular emphasis on Sokoto. Drug is a substance that alters the body. Many people administer drugs just for euphoria without proper justification, a condition that is dubbed as drug abuse. Drug abuse is spurred by peers, curiosity, family, accessibility, work, stress and relations. However, effects of drug abuse are multifold, on a major part drug abuse affect health and onward cause poor learning. Most importantly, rehabilitation, religious, law implications, and other policies need to be embraced to deal with drug abuse. The following themes were engaged: drug and drug abuse concepts, classification, common drugs, cause, effects, prevention, etc.
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Mukarram, O., Y. Hindi, G. Catalasan, and J. Ward. "Loperamide Induced Torsades de Pointes: A Case Report and Review of the Literature." Case Reports in Medicine 2016 (2016): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4061980.
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Abuse of over the counter drugs often gets overlooked by health care providers. Loperamide is one such over the counter drug that is often abused by drug addicts. We present here a case of a young male attaining euphoria from taking massive doses of loperamide. He developed Torsades de Pointes and subsequent cardiac arrest. We found similarities in the progression of myocardial electrical conduction abnormalities among loperamide and other previously known arrhythmogenic drugs. We intend to raise concern over the ease of availability of such drugs over the counter and increase the index of suspicion for over the counter drug abuse from our experience.
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Sipahutar, Hadijah, Rifka Hadia Lubis, and Fauziah Nur Simamora. "SOSIALISASI PENCEGAHAN PENYALAHGUNAAN NARKOTIKA DI DESA GUNUNG KELAMBU KABUPATEN TAPANULI TENGAH." COVIT (Community Service of Health) 2, no. 2 (April 19, 2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.31004/covit.v2i2.4115.
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Circulation and abuse of drugs is one of the national problems that is considered serious by the government, because it can cause damage to the nation's morale. Therefore, the government pays great attention to the handling of drug abuse. In our country, the problem of widespread drug abuse is increasing. The domino effect resulting from drug abuse is also increasingly diverse, and efforts to overcome drug abuse are steps that are not easy to implement. Abusers are people who use Narcotics without rights or against the law. When a person abuses Narcotics continuously, then that person will be in a state of dependence on Narcotics, both physically and psychologically. Narcotics dependence is a condition characterized by an urge to use Narcotics continuously with increasing doses to produce the same effect and when its use is reduced and/or stopped suddenly, it causes characteristic physical and psychological symptoms. Society has an important role in preventing and overcoming drug abuse. For this reason, community leaders can carry out the following things: Understand the problem of drug abuse, prevention and control. Observe the situation and environmental conditions. Galang community potentials that can help implement the prevention, especially parents, teenagers, schools, social organizations in the community in Indonesia. around the environment. Direct, encourage and control the movement of the community.
Keywords: Narcotics, Prevention.
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Lisdahayati, Lisdahayati, Nelly Rustiati, Yunike Yunike, and Ira Kusumawaty. "Faktor Determinan Pembentuk Perilaku Orang Tua dalam Upaya Pencegahan Penyalahgunaan Narkoba oleh Remaja." Journal of Telenursing (JOTING) 5, no. 2 (December 4, 2023): 3340–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.31539/joting.v5i2.5340.
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This research aims to analyze the factors that most influence the formation of the role of parents in preventing teenagers from falling into drug abuse. The research method used in this research is an analytical method with a cross-sectional design. The research results show that knowledge about drugs and attitudes towards drug abuse are the factors that have the most influence on the formation of drug abuse prevention behavior in adolescents. In conclusion, a good level of knowledge about drug abuse will still be followed by positive drug prevention behavior; attitudes towards drug abuse have a significant relationship and influence the existence of drug abuse behavior by teenagers.
Keywords: Drugs, Drug Abuse, Mother's Attitude, Adolescents
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Mieczkowski, Tom. "Book Review: Drug Abuse Policy and Drug Abuse Prevention." Criminal Justice Review 23, no. 2 (September 1998): 208–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/073401689802300205.
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Chan, Gloria Hongyee, T. Wing Lo, Gabriel Kwun-Wa Lee, and Cherry Hau-Lin Tam. "Social Capital and Social Networks of Hidden Drug Abuse in Hong Kong." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 17 (August 27, 2020): 6231. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176231.
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Owing to the increasing prevalence of hidden drug abuse in Hong Kong, yet scarce relevant current local research, this study seeks to carry out an in-depth investigation into the experience of hidden drug abusers, paying particular attention to their relevance to social capital and social networks. Seventy-three abusers attending drug treatment programs were interviewed, and a thematic analysis was performed. The results indicate hidden drug abuse is popular in Hong Kong. Apart from the decline of public, large-scale discos and the change of the types of drugs abused to date, one important contributing factor is the drug supply and transaction networks, which are extensive and multilocused, but secretive, with high closure levels. This kind of network is supported by bonding, bridging, and linking social capital as well as by providing convenient supply modes and offering drug abusers psychological comfort and safety. These factors encourage the hidden drug abuse to prevail and allow drug abusers to remain unidentifiable.
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Saefudin, Yusuf, and Gamalel Rifqi Samhudi. "Mencegah Second Victimization Melalui Asesmen Terpadu bagi Korban Penyalahgunaan Narkotika di Kabupaten Banyumas." Kosmik Hukum 21, no. 3 (October 25, 2021): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.30595/kosmikhukum.v21i3.12029.
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Cases of drugs abuse and illicit trafficking continue to rise along with the increasing number of addicts and abusers of narcotics. Addicts and Victims of Narcotics Abuse are often in a dilemma between the perpetrator or victim. Assessment integrated can clarify their position. The problems studied in this research is about how the concept of assessment integrated into the case of criminal acts of narcotics and how the mechanism of placement of victims of abuse of narcotics into institutions of rehabilitation. This research is a juridical-sociological, designed using survey method, observation, interview and literature study. The Data obtained were collected and analyzed qualitatively with the model of descriptive-analytical. Based on the results of research, assessment integrated designed to distinguish between addicts and victims of narcotics abuse with a drug dealer/courier narcotics. Assessment integrated to produce recommendations that contain a description of the involvement of the suspect with a network of illicit narcotics, the level of dependence on narcotics and a plan of rehabilitation of addicts and victims of narcotics abuse. Of the 15 cases studied, there were 8 cases of drug abuse and only 1 of 8 such cases that boil down to rehabilitation. The assessment integrated a mechanism that is able to avoid the victims of the abuse of narcotics from the threat of imprisonment. Avoiding the victims of drug abuse from a criminal to prison is expected to break the chain of problems of drug abuse and illicit trafficking. It can be realized through a pattern of different handling between the addict/abuser with a drug dealer/courier narcoticsKeywords: Integrated Assessment, the Narcotics Crime, the Victims of Drug Abuse
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Saefudin, Yusuf, and Gamalel Rifqi Samhudi. "Mencegah Second Victimization Melalui Asesmen Terpadu bagi Korban Penyalahgunaan Narkotika di Kabupaten Banyumas." Kosmik Hukum 21, no. 3 (October 25, 2021): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.30595/kosmikhukum.v21i3.12029.
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Cases of drugs abuse and illicit trafficking continue to rise along with the increasing number of addicts and abusers of narcotics. Addicts and Victims of Narcotics Abuse are often in a dilemma between the perpetrator or victim. Assessment integrated can clarify their position. The problems studied in this research is about how the concept of assessment integrated into the case of criminal acts of narcotics and how the mechanism of placement of victims of abuse of narcotics into institutions of rehabilitation. This research is a juridical-sociological, designed using survey method, observation, interview and literature study. The Data obtained were collected and analyzed qualitatively with the model of descriptive-analytical. Based on the results of research, assessment integrated designed to distinguish between addicts and victims of narcotics abuse with a drug dealer/courier narcotics. Assessment integrated to produce recommendations that contain a description of the involvement of the suspect with a network of illicit narcotics, the level of dependence on narcotics and a plan of rehabilitation of addicts and victims of narcotics abuse. Of the 15 cases studied, there were 8 cases of drug abuse and only 1 of 8 such cases that boil down to rehabilitation. The assessment integrated a mechanism that is able to avoid the victims of the abuse of narcotics from the threat of imprisonment. Avoiding the victims of drug abuse from a criminal to prison is expected to break the chain of problems of drug abuse and illicit trafficking. It can be realized through a pattern of different handling between the addict/abuser with a drug dealer/courier narcoticsKeywords: Integrated Assessment, the Narcotics Crime, the Victims of Drug Abuse
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Georgsdottir, Margret Torshamar, Sigrun Sigurdardottir, and Hrafnhildur Gunnthorsdottir. "“This Is the Result of Something Else”: Experiences of Men That Abused Drugs and Had Experienced Childhood Trauma." American Journal of Men's Health 15, no. 2 (March 2021): 155798832110093. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15579883211009348.
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Drug abuse is a serious public health issue that may have irreversible consequences. Research has revealed that childhood psychological trauma can promote addictive behaviors in adulthood and that drugs are often used as a coping mechanism. Men are less likely to report trauma and seek help than women. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the experience of men in Iceland who have abused drugs and experienced childhood psychological trauma, to increase knowledge and deepen the understanding of trauma and addiction. Participants were seven men who had both experienced childhood trauma and had a history of drug abuse. Two interviews were conducted with each participant. The main findings suggest that participants abused drugs as a coping mechanism due to the trauma experienced in childhood. For some participants, seeking companionship was a key component of their drug use. Participants were mostly dissatisfied with treatment resources in Iceland; waiting lists were long and too much focus was on religion. Five main themes were identified: emotional impact, self-medication for pain, gender expectations, impermanence of thoughts, and loss of a sense of wholeness. Increased societal and professional awareness of the linkage between trauma and drug abuse is needed, as are additional resources specific to men who have experienced childhood trauma and drug abuse. It is important to integrate trauma focused services into health-care settings to educate health-care professionals on trauma and the consequences thereof, in addition to utilizing screening tools such as the Adverse Childhood Experience Questionnaire for those seeking assistance.
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Bhutada, T., A. Ray, B. K. Behera, B. K. Dash, and S. Otta. "Analysis of Hospital Based Urine Drug Screening Tests over 2 Years. Does it Mirror the Actual Prevalence of Drug Abuse!" Journal of Indian Academy of Forensic Medicine 45, no. 1 (2023): 19–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.48165/jiafm.2023.45.1.5.
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Effect of drugs often interplays with the diagnosis and treatment of patients presenting to Emergency and critical care services of the hospital. Urine drug screen (UDS) is a qualitative toxicological screening tool which is simple, fast and has a relatively low cost providing a clue in acute care settings. The present study aims to determine the prevalence of drugs of abuse determined by UDS in suspected patients in a hospital set up and compare it to national prevalence study. It is a retrospective study conducted in the Toxicology lab in KIMS Medical College and Hospital, in Odisha over a period of 30 months where urine samples received from the hospital were included. Commonly abused substances were detected by urine drug screen by the help of a commercially available lateral flow assay kit. We received 232 samples in this study period of which 108 (46.5%) tested positive by urine drug screen.The highest positivity among the samples was noted in the age group of 21-30 (33.3%) closely followed by 11-20 (30.6%) with a male preponderance.(32.3%) cases where single drug was found in urine drug screen while 33 (14.2%) of cases had multiple drugs detected in the UDS. Most common substance of abuse was benzodiazepines in 43.2% cases. THC (29.05%) and OPI (14.2%) were the other commonly abused drugs. In poly drug abusers, commonest drug combination consisted of OPI and THC with or without BZO in 36.36 % (12 /33) cases. Thus, in spite of having many limitation of urine drug screen will help in the acute patient care set up particularly for diagnosis of poly drug abuse.
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Yunus, Nur Rohim, Siti Nurhalimah, Latipah Nasution, and Siti Romlah. "Drug Abuse as an Extra-Ordinary Crime: Some Legal and Political Debates." Jurnal Scientia Indonesia 8, no. 1 (April 30, 2022): 71–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/jsi.v8i1.36017.
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As though a double-edged knife, on the one hand, Narcotics can be a panacea for various critical illnesses, but on the other hand, Narcotics can destroy all joints and organs of the human body. Both sides are very much determined by who the narcotics are used for. As one type of Narcotics, Drugs are the type most abused. However, the problems arising from drugs are in fact not only about abuse. Drug abuse is then used as a momentum to form an organized business sector with a structured and systematic sales mechanism. Of course, this is what makes drug abuse categorized as an extraordinary crime that requires extraordinary handling as well. This research will reveal various types of drug abuse as well as national and international efforts and efforts in fighting drug crimes. This research uses qualitative research methods with a literature approach. The data obtained comes from several regulations, such as Law Number 35 of 2009 concerning Narcotics and several other regulations and policies, as well as international cooperation carried out by Indonesia. The results of the study state that Indonesia is currently in a state of drug emergency, so it is necessary to strengthen and innovate government policies to tackle drug crimes that have been committed at this time, as a form of government commitment to eradicating drugs from the base to the upstream of the problem.
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Kabir, SM Humayun, Muhammad Abdul Kayum Shaikh, Masud Ahmed, Masuda Begum, Farzana Zafreen, and Atiqul Haq Mazumder. "Socio-demographic Characteristics of Drug Abusers Attending a De-addiction Center in Dhaka." Journal of Armed Forces Medical College, Bangladesh 14, no. 2 (March 10, 2020): 113–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jafmc.v14i2.45887.
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Introduction: Drug addiction is a social curse involving all classes of people for ages. Not only it increases individuals morbidity and mortality but also creates social unrest and reduces the national productivity frequent assessment surveys have provided insights into the pattern and required responses.
Objectives: To assess the sociodemographic profile of drug addicts admitted in a prominent drugs deaddiction centre of Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study carried out on 158 admitted patients in Thikana Psychiatric/ Drug de-addiction clinic, from October 2014 to September 2015. A predesigned questionnaire used in evaluating the patients by two or more sittings face-to-face interviews.
Results: Amongst 158 patients, 94.30% were male and 62.0% were in the age group of 21-30 years with a mean age of 26.46 + 6.168 years. Majority (60.8%) patients were married and 48.7% had education up to higher secondary level, 29.1% were unemployed and 27.2% students. About 36.7% were spending between 101- 500 Taka/day and 65.8% arrange money for drugs by themselves. The reason behind starting drug abuse was mainly peer pressure (49.4%) followed by curiosity (26.6%). The mean age of starting drug was 19.42 + 7.68 years and 68.35% were addicted to the drug for the period between 1-5 years. Only 4.4% had positive family history of drug abuse. Regarding route of drug abuse, ingestion was most popular (55.1%) and only 8.9% participants were using injectable route. Amongst abused drugs, Amphetamine (Yaba) was most popular among the female (77.7%) and students (21.5%).
Conclusion: Drug abuse cripples the individual, the family, the society and finally the nation. Since younger generations most affected by the drug abuse, it is prudent to evolve and apply preventive, curative and rehabilitative strategies before it is too late.
Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.14 (2) 2018: 113-115