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Journal articles on the topic 'DRR and near-field control'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 11 March 2023

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1

Comisso, Massimiliano, and Roberto Vescovo. "Fast 3D Pattern Synthesis with Polarization and Dynamic Range Ratio Control for Conformal Antenna Arrays." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/106741.

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This paper proposes an iterative algorithm for the 3D synthesis of the electric far-field pattern of a conformal antenna array in the presence of requirements on both the polarization and the dynamic range ratio (DRR) of the excitations. Thanks to the use of selectable weights, the algorithm allows a versatile control of the DRR and of the polarization in a given angular region and requires a low CPU time to provide the array excitations. Furthermore, a modified version of the algorithm is developed to enable the optimization of the polarization state by phase-only control. Numerical results are presented to verify the usefulness of the proposed approach for the joint pattern and polarization synthesis of conformal arrays with reduced or even unitary DRR.

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Day, Jonathan, Francois Lintz, Martinus Richter, Céline Fernando, Scott J. Ellis, Jonathan T. Deland, and Cesar de Cesar Netto. "Evaluation of a Weightbearing CT Artificial Intelligence-based Automatic Measurement for Hallux Valgus: A Case-Control Study." Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics 5, no. 4 (October 1, 2020): 2473011420S0003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2473011420s00033.

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Category: Bunion; Other Introduction/Purpose: Cone Beam Weight Bearing CT (WBCT) is gaining traction, particularly in the foot and ankle, due to the ability to perform natural stance weight bearing 3D scans. However, the resulting wealth of 3D data renders daily clinical use time consuming. Therefore, reliable automatic measurements are indispensable in order to make best use of the technology. The aim of this study was to evaluate a beta-version WBCT artificial intelligence (AI) automatic measurement system for the M1-M2 intermetatarsal angle (IMA), which is applicable in the absence of metallic hardware in the foot and ankle. We hypothesized that automatic measurements would correlate well with human measurements, and that software reproducibility would be better and close to perfect compared to manual measurements. Methods: In this retrospective case-control study, 90 feet were included from patients who underwent WBCT scans during routine follow up: 44 feet (90.9% female, mean age 54 years) with symptomatic hallux valgus (HV), 46 controls (76.1% female, mean age 49 years). Patients were excluded if they had history of surgery or trauma involving the first or second metatarsals, hallux rigidus, or presence of metal in their foot/ankle. IMA was measured manually on Digitally Reconstructed Radiographs (DRR IMA) and automatically with AI software producing auto 2D (ground plane projection) and 3D (multiplanar) measurements. Each IMA DRR was measured by two independent raters twice to calculate intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). To assess intra- software reliability, AI software measurements were made twice on each dataset. Manual and automatic measurements were compared between HV and control groups. Failures of the AI software to produce a measurement were recorded. Results: Mean values for controls were 8.6° +-1.8° (range, 5°-14°) for the manually measured DRR IMA, 9.3° +-2.8° (range, 3°- 17°) for auto 2D, and 9.2° +-2.6° (range, 3°-16°) for auto 3D IMA measurements. Compared to controls, HV patients demonstrated significantly increased IMA (p<0.0001): 14.2° +-2.7° (range, 8°-21°) for the manually measured DRR IMA, 15.4°+- 4.4° (range, 8°-26°) for auto 2D, and 15.1° +-4.1° (range 8°-28°) for auto 3D IMA measurements. There were strong correlations (r=0.75 and r=0.80) between manual and auto 2D and 3D measurements. Intraobserver and interobserver ICCs for DRR IMA were 0.96 and 0.90, respectively, and the intra-software ICCs for the AI were near 1.0 for both auto 2D and auto 3D IMA. The AI software failed in 32.3% cases. Conclusion: Our results demonstrated strong correlation between a WBCT Artificial Intelligence based automatic measurement for IMA with human measurements, with the ability to distinguish HV from control with close to 100% repeatability. However, the number of failures was still high due to the early stage beta-version of the algorithm tested. While these early results are promising, further developments are warranted in order to improve usability of this tool in daily practice, especially in the presence of metal hardware. [Figure: see text]

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Mrejen, M., L. Yadgarov, A. Levanon, and H. Suchowski. "Transient exciton-polariton dynamics in WSe2by ultrafast near-field imaging." Science Advances 5, no. 2 (February 2019): eaat9618. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aat9618.

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Van der Waals (vdW) materials offer an exciting platform for strong light-matter interaction enabled by their polaritonic modes and the associated deep subwavelength light confinement. Semiconductor vdW materials such as WSe2are of particular interest for photonic and quantum integrated technologies because they sustain visible–near-infrared (VIS-NIR) exciton-polariton (EP) modes at room temperature. Here, we develop a unique spatiotemporal imaging technique at the femtosecond-nanometric scale and observe the EP dynamics in WSe2waveguides. Our method, based on a novel ultrafast broadband intrapulse pump-probe near-field imaging, allows direct visualization of EP formation and propagation in WSe2showing, at room temperature, ultraslow EP with a group velocity ofvg~ 0.017c. Our imaging method paves the way for in situ ultrafast coherent control and extreme spatiotemporal imaging of condensed matter.

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Buttazzoni, Giulia, and Roberto Vescovo. "An Efficient and Versatile Technique for the Synthesis of 3D Copolar and Crosspolar Patterns of Phase-Only Reconfigurable Conformal Arrays With DRR and Near-Field Control." IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 62, no. 4 (April 2014): 1640–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tap.2014.2308319.

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5

LAKHRAN, LALITA, and R. R. AHIR. "Evaluation of fungicides, plant extracts and bio-agents against dry root rot of chickpea (Cicer arietinum)." Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 92, no. 1 (January 31, 2022): 36–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v92i1.120826.

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Dry root rot (DRR) of chickpea caused by Macrophomina phaseolina is an important disease affecting chickpea production especially in tropical and sub-tropical ecologies of world. The present investigation was planned to evaluate the in vitro efficacy of various fungicides, plant extracts and bio-control agents against Macrophomina phaseolina. Results suggested that among fungicides, significantly maximum mean mycelium growth inhibition was recorded with Carbendazim (100%) followed by Carbendazim+Mancozeb (84.65%). Likewise, among phyto extracts, garlic extract was excellent with maximum mycelia growth inhibition (70.15 and 100 %) followed by neem extract (68.35 and 82.35%) at 5 and 10% concentration, respectively. Among bio-agents, Trichoderma viride showed significantly maximum mycelia growth inhibition (80.20%) followed by Trichoderma harzianum (65.10%). Therefore, from the findings of present study, it can be concluded that apart from use of fungicides (Carbendazim and Carbendazim+Mancozeb) phyto extracts such as extract of garlic and neem leaves and bio-control agent Trichoderma viride can also be used as an effective alternative for management of DRR in chickpea. Findings of our study may help in development of sustainable management strategies against DRR thus minimizing its yield consequences in chickpea. However, there is a need to further strengthen the investigations on this aspect based on thorough understanding of the biology of the pathogen and hostÃ—plantÃ—environment interaction especially under field conditions.

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Qiu, Wenhao, Gang Wang, and Wenjing Zhang. "Acoustic SLAM Based on the Direction-of-Arrival and the Direct-to-Reverberant Energy Ratio." Drones 7, no. 2 (February 9, 2023): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/drones7020120.

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This paper proposes a new method that fuses acoustic measurements in the reverberation field and low-accuracy inertial measurement unit (IMU) motion reports for simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM). Different from existing studies that only use acoustic data for direction-of-arrival (DoA) estimates, the source’s distance from sensors is calculated with the direct-to-reverberant energy ratio (DRR) and applied to eliminate the nonlinear noise from motion reports. A particle filter is applied to estimate the critical distance, which is key for associating the source’s distance with the DRR. A keyframe method is used to eliminate the deviation of the source position estimation toward the robot. The proposed DoA-DRR acoustic SLAM (D-D SLAM) is designed for three-dimensional motion and is suitable for drones. The method is the first acoustic SLAM algorithm that has been validated on a real-world drone dataset that contains only acoustic data and IMU measurements. Compared with previous methods, D-D SLAM has acceptable performance in locating the drone and building a source map from a real-world drone dataset. The average location accuracy is 0.48 m, while the source position error converges to less than 0.25 m within 2.8 s. These results prove the effectiveness of D-D SLAM in real-world scenes.

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Newman, Ward D., Cristian L. Cortes, Amir Afshar, Ken Cadien, Al Meldrum, Robert Fedosejevs, and Zubin Jacob. "Observation of long-range dipole-dipole interactions in hyperbolic metamaterials." Science Advances 4, no. 10 (October 2018): eaar5278. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aar5278.

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Dipole-dipole interactions (Vdd) between closely spaced atoms and molecules are related to real photon and virtual photon exchange between them and decrease in the near field connected with the characteristic Coulombic dipole field law. The control and modification of this marked scaling with distance have become a long-standing theme in quantum engineering since dipole-dipole interactions govern Van der Waals forces, collective Lamb shifts, atom blockade effects, and Förster resonance energy transfer. We show that metamaterials can fundamentally modify these interactions despite large physical separation between interacting quantum emitters. We demonstrate a two orders of magnitude increase in the near-field resonant dipole-dipole interactions at intermediate field distances (10 times the near field) and observe the distance scaling law consistent with a super-Coulombic interaction theory curtailed only by absorption and finite size effects of the metamaterial constituents. We develop a first-principles numerical approach of many-body dipole-dipole interactions in metamaterials to confirm our theoretical predictions and experimental observations. In marked distinction to existing approaches of engineering radiative interactions, our work paves the way for controlling long-range dipole-dipole interactions using hyperbolic metamaterials and natural hyperbolic two-dimensional materials.

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Volz, M., E. Prof Abele, and F. Donig. "Simulationsmodell zur Temperaturbestimmung beim Bohren*/Simulation model to determine temperature during drilling - Analytical simulation of temperature distribution during axial near-surface drilling." wt Werkstattstechnik online 107, no. 10 (2017): 761–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.37544/1436-4980-2017-10-83.

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Ziel ist die simulative Bestimmung der Temperatur beim axial-oberflächennahen Bohren. Dazu wird ein analytisches Simulationsmodell mit dem Ansatz von Carslow und Jaeger implementiert. Es werden Randbedingungen für adiabate Werkstückoberflächen definiert, um die Auswirkungen auf die Temperaturverteilung zu simulieren. Das Simulationsmodell wird anhand experimenteller Bohrversuche unter Verwendung der Infrarot-Thermographie validiert, um anschließend den Temperaturverlauf im Werkstück zu simulieren.   An analytical simulation model based on the approach of Carslow and Jaeger is used to calculate the temperature field during drilling. In this case, the workpiece surface boundary condition is constrained to be adiabatic. The simulation model is validated by experimental data by means of infrared thermography. Finally, the simulation model is used to calculate the temperature during axial near-surface drilling.

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Issa, Fadi S., Michael Molloy, Alexander Hart, Mahmoud S. Issa, Reem AlFalasi, Abdullah A. Alhadhira, Ritu R. Sarin, Amalia Voskanyan, and Gregory R. Ciottone. "Effectiveness of Children’s Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) Program on Earthquake Preparedness in Jordan." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 34, s1 (May 2019): s42—s43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x1900102x.

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Introduction:Children represent a particularly vulnerable population in disasters. Disaster Risk Reduction refers to a systematic approach to identifying, assessing, and reducing risks of disaster through sets of interventions towards disaster causes and population vulnerabilities. Disaster Risk Reduction through the education of the population, and especially children, is an emerging field requiring further study.Aim:To test the hypothesis that an educational program on Disaster Risk Reduction can induce a sustained improvement in knowledge, risk perception, awareness, and attitudes toward preparedness behavior of children.Methods:A Disaster Risk Reduction educational program for students aged 10-12 was completed in an earthquake-prone region of Jordan (Madaba). Subject students (A) and control groups of similarly aged untrained children in public (B) and private (C) schools were surveyed one year after the program. Surveys focused on disaster knowledge, risk perception, awareness, and preparedness behavior. Likert scales were used for some questions and binary yes/no for others. Results were collated and total scores averaged for each section. Average scores were compared between groups and analyzed using SPSS.Results:Students who had completed the Disaster Risk Reduction program were found through Levene’s test to have statistically significant improvement in earthquake knowledge (5.921 vs. 4.55 vs. 5.125), enhanced risk perception (3.966 vs. 3.580 vs. 3.789), and improved awareness of earthquakes (4.652 vs. 3.293 vs. 4.060) with heightened attitudes toward preparedness behavior (8.008 vs. 6.517 vs. 7.597) when compared to untrained public and private school control groups, respectively.Discussion:Disaster Risk Reduction education programs can have lasting impacts when applied to children. They can improve students’ knowledge, risk perception, awareness, and attitudes towards preparedness. Further work is required to determine the frequency of re-education required and appropriate age groups for educational interventions.

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Lv, Xinyu, Lu Wen, Zhenbing Dai, Guoyu Luo, and Zhiqiang Li. "Tuning polaritons in van der Waals moiré superlattices with interlayer spacing." Applied Physics Letters 121, no. 5 (August 1, 2022): 053101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0091952.

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We theoretically study the interference and propagation of phonon polaritons in hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) in van der Waals heterostructures composed of hBN and twisted bilayer graphene (TBG) with different interlayer spacing in TBG. We show that varying the interlayer spacing and, hence, the interlayer coupling strength results in dramatic modifications of the local optical conductivity at the domain walls (DWs) in TBG, which leads to significant changes in the polariton interference profile near DWs. Moreover, our simulation reveals that the two-dimensional near-field interference pattern generated by polariton propagation in hBN/TBG heterostructures can be dramatically changed by interlayer spacing and the superlattice period. Our study demonstrates that combining interlayer spacing modification with moiré superlattices is a valuable route to control light at the nanoscale and design nanophotonic devices with tunable functionalities.

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Nayak, Somanath, Yashbir Singh Shivay, Radha Prasanna, and Sunil Mandi. "Effect of Biofortified and Non-Biofortified Varieties and Zinc Fertilization Strategies on Growth, Productivity and Profitability of Rice." International Journal of Bio-resource and Stress Management 13, no. 10 (October 31, 2022): 1003–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.23910/1.2022.3181a.

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The field experiment was conducted in the rainy (Kharif, June to October) seasons of 2019 and 2020 at ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India with the objective to appraise the effect of biofortified and non-biofortified varieties and zinc fertilization strategies on the growth, productivity and profitability of rice. The biofortified variety DRR Dhan 45 recorded a higher value of dry matter accumulation, leaf area index, and crop growth rate, and the non-biofortified variety Pusa 44 recorded higher effective tillers, panicle weight, filled grain weight per panicle, number of filled grains and total grains per panicle, fertility percentage and grain yield (5.2 t ha-1), though the performance of both varieties was statistically similar. But, the higher straw yield was recorded with the non-biofortified variety, Pusa Basmati 1121 (10.8 t ha-1). Pusa Basmati 1509 recorded higher cost of cultivation, gross returns, net returns and B:C. Among zinc fertilization strategies, soil application of 2.5 kg Zn ha-1 along with the foliar application of 0.5% ZnSO4.7H2O at maximum tillering and anthesis stages recorded higher growth parameters, yield, and yield attributes and better economics. On average, the soil+foliar Zn application increased grain yield by 14% and straw yield by 10.5%, and gross returns and net returns by 15.6% and 26.7%, respectively, than the control. Cultivation of rice varieties, Pusa 44 or DRR Dhan 45, along with soil+foliar Zn fertilization enhanced growth and productivity, while the aromatic variety, Pusa Basmati 1509 enhanced the profitability.

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Sipp, Denis. "Open-loop control of cavity oscillations with harmonic forcings." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 708 (September 12, 2012): 439–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2012.329.

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AbstractThis article deals with open-loop control of open-cavity flows with harmonic forcings. Two-dimensional laminar open-cavity flows usually undergo a supercritical Hopf bifurcation at some critical Reynolds number: a global mode becomes unstable and its amplitude converges towards a limit cycle. Such behaviour may be accurately captured by a Stuart–Landau equation, which governs the amplitude of the global mode. In the present article, we study the effect on such a flow of a forcing characterized by its frequency ${\omega }_{f} $, its amplitude ${E}^{\ensuremath{\prime} } $ and its spatial structure ${\mathbi{f}}_{E} $. The system reacts like a forced Van der Pol oscillator. In the general case, such a forcing modifies the linear dynamics of the global mode. It is then possible to predict preferred forcing frequencies ${\omega }_{f} $, at which the global mode may be stabilized with the smallest possible forcing amplitude ${E}^{\ensuremath{\prime} } $. In the case of a forcing frequency close to the frequency of the global mode, a locking phenomenon may be observed if the forcing amplitude ${E}^{\ensuremath{\prime} } $ is sufficiently high: the frequency of the flow on the limit cycle may be modified with a very small forcing amplitude ${E}^{\ensuremath{\prime} } $. In each case, we compute all harmonics of the flow field and all coefficients that enter the amplitude equations. In particular, it is possible to find preferred forcing structures ${\mathbi{f}}_{E} $ that achieve strongest impact on the flow field. In the general case, these are the optimal forcings, which are defined as the forcings that trigger the strongest energy response. In the case of a forcing frequency close to the frequency of the global mode, a forcing structure equal to the adjoint global mode ensures the lowest forcing amplitude ${E}^{\ensuremath{\prime} } $. All predictions given by the amplitude equations are checked against direct numerical simulations conducted at a supercritical Reynolds number. We show that a global mode may effectively be stabilized by a high-frequency harmonic forcing, which achieves suppression of the perturbation frequencies that are lower than the forcing frequency, and that a near-resonant forcing achieves locking of the flow onto the forcing frequency, as predicted by the amplitude equations.

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Gong, Chengxuan, and Gaige Zheng. "Selective Properties of Mid-Infrared Tamm Phonon-Polaritons Emitter with Silicon Carbide-Based Structures." Micromachines 13, no. 6 (June 10, 2022): 920. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13060920.

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Electromagnetic (EM) absorbers and emitters have attracted much interest because of their versatile applications. A photonic heterostructure composed of silicon carbide (SiC) layer/germanium (Ge) cavity/distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) has been proposed. Selective emission properties have been investigated through rigorous coupled wave analysis (RCWA) method. The results illustrate that Tamm phonon-polaritons can be excited, and the magnetic field is partially centralized at the junction of Ge cavity and SiC film, aimed to improve the interactions of photon–phonon. The absorptivity/emissivity of the structure can be better optimized by controlling the coupling of surface modes with the incident wave. Near-unity absorption can be achieved through optimizing the SiC grating/Ge cavity/distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) multilayer structure with geometrical parameters of ds = 0.75 μm, dg = 0.7 μm, d1 = 1.25 μm and d2 = 0.75 μm, respectively. Physical mechanism of selective emission characteristics is deliberated. In addition, the simulation results demonstrate that the emitter desensitizes to the incidence angle and polarization state in the mid-infrared (MIR) range. This research ameliorates the function of the selective emitters, which provides more efficient design for SiC-based systems.

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de Sanctis, Jose H. S., Stevan Z. Knezevic, Vipan Kumar, and Amit J. Jhala. "Effect of single or sequential POST herbicide applications on seed production and viability of glyphosate-resistant Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) in dicamba- and glyphosate-resistant soybean." Weed Technology 35, no. 3 (January 22, 2021): 449–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/wet.2021.7.

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AbstractGlyphosate-resistant (GR) Palmer amaranth is a troublesome weed that can emerge throughout the soybean growing season in Nebraska and several other regions of the United States. Late-emerging Palmer amaranth plants can produce seeds, thus replenishing the soil seedbank. The objectives of this study were to evaluate single or sequential applications of labeled POST herbicides such as acifluorfen, dicamba, a fomesafen and fluthiacet-methyl premix, glyphosate, and lactofen on GR Palmer amaranth control, density, biomass, seed production, and seed viability, as well as grain yield of dicamba- and glyphosate-resistant (DGR) soybean. Field experiments were conducted in a grower’s field infested with GR Palmer amaranth near Carleton, NE, in 2018 and 2019, with no PRE herbicide applied. Acifluorfen, dicamba, a premix of fomesafen and fluthiacet-methyl, glyphosate, or lactofen were applied POST in single or sequential applications between the V4 and R6 soybean growth stages, with timings based on product labels. Dicamba applied at V4 or in sequential applications at V4 followed by R1 or R3 controlled GR Palmer amaranth 91% to 100% at soybean harvest, reduced Palmer amaranth density to as low as 2 or fewer plants m−2, reduced seed production to 557 to 2,911 seeds per female plant, and resulted in the highest soybean yield during both years of the study. Sequential applications of acifluorfen, fomesafen and fluthiacet premix, or lactofen were not as effective as dicamba for GR Palmer amaranth control; however, they reduced seed production similar to dicamba. On the basis of the results of this study, we conclude that dicamba was effective for controlling GR Palmer amaranth and reduced density, biomass, and seed production without DGR soybean injury. Herbicides evaluated in this study had no effect on Palmer amaranth seed viability.

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Sarmiento, Juan Pablo, Suzanne Polak, and Vicente Sandoval. "An evidence-based urban DRR strategy for informal settlements." Disaster Prevention and Management: An International Journal 28, no. 3 (June 3, 2019): 371–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/dpm-08-2018-0263.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze the evidence-based research strategy (EBRS) used to evaluate eight projects that applied the neighborhood approach for disaster risk reduction (NA-DRR) in informal urban settlements in Colombia, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica and Peru, between 2012 and 2017. Design/methodology/approach The study covers the first five of the seven EBRS stages: first, identify relevant interventions; second, prepare evaluation questions; third, select evidence sources and implement a search strategy; fourth, appraise evidences and identify gaps; fifth, create an evaluation design to include an extensive literature review, followed by a mixed research method with surveys, focus groups and interviews; disaster risk modeling; georeferencing analysis; and engineering inspections. The last two stages: sixth, apply the evidence, and seventh, evaluate the evidence application, will be addressed in a near future. Findings Even though the reference to “evidence” is frequent in the DRR field, it is largely based on descriptive processes, anecdotal references, best practices, lessons learned and case studies, and particularly deficient on the subject of informal and precariousness settlements. The evaluation allowed a deep and broad analysis of NA-DRR in urban informal settlements, comparing it with other DRR strategies implemented by different stakeholders in fragile urban settings, assessing the effectiveness and sustainability of the various DRR interventions. Originality/value The abundant data, information and knowledge generated will serve as foundation for forthcoming thematic peer-reviewed publications informing evidence-based DRR research, policy and practice, with emphasis on informal and precariousness settlements in particular.

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Hajian, Hodjat, Ivan D. Rukhlenko, A. Louise Bradley, and Ekmel Ozbay. "High-Figure-of-Merit Biosensing and Enhanced Excitonic Absorption in an MoS2-Integrated Dielectric Metasurface." Micromachines 14, no. 2 (February 1, 2023): 370. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi14020370.

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Among the transitional metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) is considered an outstanding candidate for biosensing applications due to its high absorptivity and amenability to ionic current measurements. Dielectric metasurfaces have also emerged as a powerful platform for novel optical biosensing due to their low optical losses and strong near-field enhancements. Once functionalized with TMDCs, dielectric metasurfaces can also provide strong photon–exciton interactions. Here, we theoretically integrated a single layer of MoS2 into a CMOS-compatible asymmetric dielectric metasurface composed of TiO2 meta-atoms with a broken in-plane inversion symmetry on an SiO2 substrate. We numerically show that the designed MoS2-integrated metasurface can function as a high-figure-of-merit (FoM=137.5 RIU−1) van der Waals-based biosensor due to the support of quasi-bound states in the continuum. Moreover, owing to the critical coupling of the magnetic dipole resonances of the metasurface and the A exciton of the single layer of MoS2, one can achieve a 55% enhanced excitonic absorption by this two-port system. Therefore, the proposed design can function as an effective biosensor and is also practical for enhanced excitonic absorption and emission applications.

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Tichy, Jiri. "Near‐field control of complex sources." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 105, no. 2 (February 1999): 1155. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.425492.

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Bari, Inam, Javed Iqbal, Haider Ali, Abdul Rauf, Muhammad Bilal, Naveed Jan, Usman Illahi, Muhammad Arif, Muhammad Amir Khan, and Rania M. Ghoniem. "Bandwidth Enhancement and Generation of CP of Yagi-Uda-Shape Feed on a Rectangular DRA for 5G Applications." Micromachines 13, no. 11 (November 4, 2022): 1913. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13111913.

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A wideband circularly polarized rectangular dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) fed by a single feeding mechanism has been studied theoretically and experimentally. The purpose of the study is to determine how adding a parasitic strip next to the flat surface metallic feed would affect various far- and near-field antenna characteristics. Initially, the basic antenna design, i.e., the T-shape feed known as antenna A, produced a 4.81% impedance matching bandwidth (|S11| −10 dB). Due to the narrow and undesirable results of the initial antenna design, antenna-A was updated to the antenna-B design, i.e., Yagi-Uda. The antenna-B produced a decent result (7.89% S11) as compared to antenna-A but still needed the bandwidth widened, for this, a parasitic patch was introduced next to the Yagi-Uda antenna on the rectangular DRA at an optimized location to further improve the results. This arrangement produced circular polarization (CP) waves spanning a broad bandwidth of 28.21% (3.59–3.44 GHz) and a broad impedance |S11| bandwidth of around 29.74% (3.71–3.62 GHz). These findings show that, in addition to producing CP, parasite patches also cause the return loss to rise by a factor of almost three times when compared to results obtained with the Yagi-Uda-shape feed alone. Computer simulation technology was used for the simulation (CST-2017). The planned antenna geometry prototype was fabricated and measured. Performance indicators show that the suggested antenna is a good fit for 5G applications. The simulated outcomes and measurements match up reasonably.

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Vaz de Castro, Pedro Alves Soares, Pedro A. Jose, and Ana Cristina Simões e Silva. "Interactions between the intrarenal dopaminergic and the renin–angiotensin systems in the control of systemic arterial pressure." Clinical Science 136, no. 16 (August 2022): 1205–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs20220338.

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Abstract Systemic arterial hypertension is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the general population, being a risk factor for many cardiovascular diseases. Although its pathogenesis is complex and still poorly understood, some systems appear to play major roles in its development. This review aims to update the current knowledge on the interaction of the intrarenal renin–angiotensin system (RAS) and dopaminergic system in the development of hypertension, focusing on recent scientific hallmarks in the field. The intrarenal RAS, composed of several peptides and receptors, has a critical role in the regulation of blood pressure (BP) and, consequently, the development of hypertension. The RAS is divided into two main intercommunicating axes: the classical axis, composed of angiotensin-converting enzyme, angiotensin II, and angiotensin type 1 receptor, and the ACE2/angiotensin-(1–7)/Mas axis, which appears to modulate the effects of the classical axis. Dopamine and its receptors are also increasingly showing an important role in the pathogenesis of hypertension, as abnormalities in the intrarenal dopaminergic system impair the regulation of renal sodium transport, regardless of the affected dopamine receptor subtype. There are five dopamine receptors, which are divided into two major subtypes: the D1-like (D1R and D5R) and D2-like (D2R, D3R, and D4R) receptors. Mice deficient in any of the five dopamine receptor subtypes have increased BP. Intrarenal RAS and the dopaminergic system have complex interactions. The balance between both systems is essential to regulate the BP homeostasis, as alterations in the control of both can lead to hypertension.

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Singh, Anshuman, James T. Hugall, Gaëtan Calbris, and Niek F. van Hulst. "Far-Field Control of Nanoscale Hotspots by Near-Field Interference." ACS Photonics 7, no. 9 (July 31, 2020): 2381–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.0c01039.

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You, Xiangyu, Chengcong Ye, and Ping Guo. "Electric field manipulation for deposition control in near-field electrospinning." Journal of Manufacturing Processes 30 (December 2017): 431–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmapro.2017.10.005.

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22

Kim, Sungyoung, Hiraku Okumura, and Makoto Otani. "Near-Field Sound Control Using a Planar Loudspeaker." Journal of the Audio Engineering Society 63, no. 1/2 (January 10, 2015): 54–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.17743/jaes.2015.0005.

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23

Jia, Zi-Xun, Yong Shuai, Jia-Hui Zhang, and He-Ping Tan. "Noncontact Near-Field Photon Transfer Control Using Metamaterial." Journal of Thermophysics and Heat Transfer 33, no. 1 (January 2019): 163–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/1.t5446.

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24

Koenderink, A. F., R. Wüest, B. C. Buchler, S. Richter, P. Strasser, M. Kafesaki, A. Rogach, et al. "Near-field optics and control of photonic crystals." Photonics and Nanostructures - Fundamentals and Applications 3, no. 2-3 (December 2005): 63–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.photonics.2005.09.007.

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25

Kou, Junlong, and Austin J. Minnich. "Dynamic optical control of near-field radiative transfer." Optics Express 26, no. 18 (July 24, 2018): A729. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.26.00a729.

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26

Dubrovkin, A. M., R. Barillé, E. Ortyl, and S. Zielinska. "Near-field optical control of doughnut-shaped nanostructures." Optics Communications 334 (January 2015): 147–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optcom.2014.08.027.

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27

Dryakhlushin, V. F., V. P. Veiko, and N. B. Voznesenskii. "Scanning near-field optical microscopy and near-field optical probes: properties, fabrication, and control of parameters." Quantum Electronics 37, no. 2 (February 28, 2007): 193–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1070/qe2007v037n02abeh008955.

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28

Bhattacharjee, Ujjal, Claire A. West, Seyyed Ali Hosseini Jebeli, Harrison J. Goldwyn, Xiang-Tian Kong, Zhongwei Hu, Elliot K. Beutler, et al. "Active Far-Field Control of the Thermal Near-Field via Plasmon Hybridization." ACS Nano 13, no. 8 (July 30, 2019): 9655–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.9b04968.

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29

Aeschlimann, Martin, Michael Bauer, Daniela Bayer, Tobias Brixner, Stefan Cunovic, Alexander Fischer, Pascal Melchior, et al. "Optimal open-loop near-field control of plasmonic nanostructures." New Journal of Physics 14, no. 3 (March 19, 2012): 033030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/14/3/033030.

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30

Buersgens, F., G. Acuna, C. H. Lang, S. I. Potrebic, S. Manus, and R. Kersting. "Shear force control for a terahertz near field microscope." Review of Scientific Instruments 78, no. 11 (November 2007): 113701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2804077.

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31

Caridad, José M., Sinéad Winters, David McCloskey, Georg S. Duesberg, John F. Donegan, and Vojislav Krstić. "Control of the plasmonic near-field in metallic nanohelices." Nanotechnology 29, no. 32 (June 6, 2018): 325204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/aac666.

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32

Cong, Longqing, Yogesh Kumar Srivastava, and Ranjan Singh. "Near-Field Inductive Coupling Induced Polarization Control in Metasurfaces." Advanced Optical Materials 4, no. 6 (March 2, 2016): 848–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adom.201500681.

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Hassani Gangaraj, Seyyed Ali, and Francesco Monticone. "Molding light with metasurfaces: from far-field to near-field interactions." Nanophotonics 7, no. 6 (June 27, 2018): 1025–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2017-0126.

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AbstractThe field of metasurfaces is revolutionizing the way we control and manipulate light and electromagnetic fields based on engineered ultrathin structures. In this review article, we discuss the theory, modeling, and applications of metasurfaces, with particular focus on controlling the near-field response of sources close to the artificial surface. Although metasurfaces have attracted large attention for their ability to control and mold the wavefront of propagating waves, hence acting as flat lenses, they can also be used to modify the emission/radiation from near-field sources and control the generation and propagation of surface waves guided and confined along the surface. We discuss the analytical modeling of metasurfaces treated as homogenized impedance sheets and elucidate the application and limits of this approach for near-field sources. We devote a large part of the review article to anisotropic and hyperbolic metasurfaces, which enable some of the most exciting and extreme examples of anomalous surface-wave propagation on planarized artificial structures, with important implications for light focusing, confinement, and subwavelength imaging. We also connect these ideas with the emerging area of 2D materials and discuss how to implement hyperbolic metasurfaces with graphene and black phosphorus. We hope that this review article may provide the reader with relevant physical insights and useful analytical tools to study metasurfaces and their near-field interactions with localized sources and, more generally, offer an overview of this field and its ambitious goal of ideal light control on a surface.

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Li, Peijun, and Yuliang Wang. "Near-field imaging of obstacles." Inverse Problems & Imaging 9, no. 1 (2015): 189–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/ipi.2015.9.189.

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Chester, Ryan T., and Timothy W. Leishman. "Active control of free‐field sound using near‐field energy‐based error signals." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 120, no. 5 (November 2006): 3198. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4788069.

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36

Huang, Tianping (Tim), and David E. Clark. "Enhancing Oil Recovery With Specialized Nanoparticles by Controlling Formation-Fines Migration at Their Sources in Waterflooding Reservoirs." SPE Journal 20, no. 04 (August 20, 2015): 743–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/166294-pa.

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Summary Waterflooding is a conventional improved-oil-recovery method. When water flows into pores of the media in formations occupied by hydrocarbons, clays and other formation fines are released and flow with the injection water. The released formation particles can accumulate and plug the pore throats in the flow channels, causing lower water sweep efficiency and reduced oil recovery. The solution to this problem is adding additives into the injection water to stabilize formation clays and fine particles at their sources during waterflooding operations. Recent studies and field applications have confirmed that some inorganic nanoparticles can efficiently control formation-fines migration in proppant fractures by coating the nanoparticles onto the proppants in hydraulic-fracturing and frac-pack applications. The nanoparticles have significantly high surface forces, including van der Waals forces and electrostatic forces, to attach themselves to the surface of commonly used proppants. The nanoparticles that adhere to the proppants adsorb migrating formation fines onto the proppant surface as the fines flow into the fracture. This paper provides detailed laboratory evaluations of the use of the same nanoparticles to enhance oil recovery by stabilizing formation clays and fines in waterflooding operations. As water drives hydrocarbons toward producers, the nanoparticles fix the formation fines at their sources in the water flow channels. When the water breakthrough happens at producers, fewer fines accumulate at the near-wellbore region of producers to choke the production of hydrocarbons, and the water sweep efficiency is increased. Laboratory tests show that the effluent of a sandpack containing nanoparticles is cleaner than a pack containing no nanoparticles, and the pressure drop across the sandpack containing nanoparticles is less than that for a pack containing no nanoparticles under the same flow rate of 5%KCl and the same sand composition.

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37

Brungart, Douglas S. "Near-Field Virtual Audio Displays." Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments 11, no. 1 (February 2002): 93–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/105474602317343686.

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Although virtual audio displays are capable of realistically simulating relatively distant sound sources, they are not yet able to accurately reproduce the spatial auditory cues that occur when sound sources are located near the listener's head. Researchers have long recognized that the binaural difference cues that dominate auditory localization are independent of distance beyond 1 m but change systematically with distance when the source approaches with in 1 m of the listener's head. Recent research has shown that listeners are able to use these binaural cues to determine the distances of nearby sound sources. However, technical challenges in the collection and processing of near-field head-related transfer functions (HRTFs) have thus far prevented the construction of a fully functional near-field audio display. This paper summarizes the current state of research in the localization of nearby sound sources and outlines the technical challenges involved in the creation of a near-field virtual audio display. The potential applications of near-field displays in immersive virtual environments and multimodal interfaces are also discussed.

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38

Zhong, Yuhan, Xiao Lin, Jing Jiang, Yi Yang, Gui‐Geng Liu, Haoran Xue, Tony Low, Hongsheng Chen, and Baile Zhang. "Toggling Near‐Field Directionality via Polarization Control of Surface Waves." Laser & Photonics Reviews 15, no. 4 (February 24, 2021): 2000388. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lpor.202000388.

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39

Xu, Deyu, Junming Zhao, and Linhua Liu. "Near-field radiation assisted smart skin for spacecraft thermal control." International Journal of Thermal Sciences 165 (July 2021): 106934. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2021.106934.

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40

Karrai, Khaled, and Robert D. Grober. "Piezoelectric tip‐sample distance control for near field optical microscopes." Applied Physics Letters 66, no. 14 (April 3, 1995): 1842–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.113340.

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41

Herget, Philipp, Tomoki Ohno, James A. Bain, Kunihiro Takatani, Mototaka Taneya, William C. Messner, and T. E. Schlesinger. "Laser Diode Active Height Control for Near Field Optical Storage." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 45, no. 2B (February 24, 2006): 1193–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/jjap.45.1193.

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42

Mino, T., Y. Saito, and P. Verma. "Control of near-field polarizations for nanoscale molecular orientational imaging." Applied Physics Letters 109, no. 4 (July 25, 2016): 041105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4960016.

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43

Dvořák, Petr, Tomáš Neuman, Lukáš Břínek, Tomáš Šamořil, Radek Kalousek, Petr Dub, Peter Varga, and Tomáš Šikola. "Control and Near-Field Detection of Surface Plasmon Interference Patterns." Nano Letters 13, no. 6 (May 16, 2013): 2558–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/nl400644r.

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44

Carsjens, M., M. Kohnen, T. Dubielzig, and C. Ospelkaus. "Surface-electrode Paul trap with optimized near-field microwave control." Applied Physics B 114, no. 1-2 (November 2, 2013): 243–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00340-013-5689-6.

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45

Kim, Myung Sik, Songhui Kim, Jooyoung Kim, Kiejin Lee, Barry Friedman, Jin-Tae Kim, and Jaekwang Lee. "Tip–sample distance control for near-field scanning microwave microscopes." Review of Scientific Instruments 74, no. 8 (August 2003): 3675–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1589162.

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46

Haber, L. H., R. D. Schaller, J. C. Johnson, and R. J. Saykally. "Shape control of near-field probes using dynamic meniscus etching." Journal of Microscopy 214, no. 1 (April 2004): 27–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-2720.2004.01308.x.

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47

Ginis, Vincent, Marco Piccardo, Michele Tamagnone, Jinsheng Lu, Min Qiu, Simon Kheifets, and Federico Capasso. "Remote structuring of near-field landscapes." Science 369, no. 6502 (July 23, 2020): 436–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.abb6406.

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The electromagnetic near field enables subwavelength applications such as near-field microscopy and nanoparticle manipulation. Present methods to structure the near field rely on optical antenna theory, involving nanostructures that locally convert propagating waves into confined near-field patterns. We developed a theory of remote rather than local near-field shaping, based on cascaded mode conversion and interference of counterpropagating guided waves with different propagation constants. We demonstrate how to structure at will the longitudinal and transverse variation of the near field, allowing for distributions beyond the conventional monotonic decay of the evanescent field. We provide an experimental realization that confirms our theory. Our method applies to fields with arbitrary polarization states and mode profiles, providing a path toward three-dimensional control of the near field.

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48

Li, Ruijing, and Chaozhu Hu. "Maximum Principle for Near-Optimality of Mean-Field FBSDEs." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2020 (June 8, 2020): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8572959.

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The present paper concerns with a near-optimal control problem for systems governed by mean-field forward-backward stochastic differential equations (FBSDEs) with mixed initial-terminal conditions. Utilizing Ekeland’s variational principle as well as the reduction method, the necessary and sufficient near-optimality conditions are established in the form of Pontryagin’s type. The results are obtained under restriction on the convexity of the control domain. As an application, a linear-quadratic stochastic control problem is solved explicitly.

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Zhang, Bo, Jinlin Song, Lu Lu, Bowen Li, Kun Zhou, Qiang Cheng, and Zixue Luo. "Magnetic-field control of near-field radiative heat transfer between graphene-based hyperbolic metamaterials." Applied Physics Letters 117, no. 16 (October 19, 2020): 163901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0022763.

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50

Egarguin, Neil Jerome A., Daniel Onofrei, Chaoxian Qi, and Jiefu Chen. "Active manipulation of Helmholtz scalar fields: near-field synthesis with directional far-field control." Inverse Problems 36, no. 9 (September 1, 2020): 095005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6420/aba106.

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