Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Droit international humanitaire coutumier'
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Balguy-Gallois, Alexandre. "Droit international et protection de l'individu dans les situations de troubles intérieurs et de tensions internes." Paris 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA010320.
Full textKadimanche, Kadima Kalala André. "La mise en oeuvre du droit international humanitaire en République démocratique du Congo." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022COAZ0035.
Full textDespite the commitment of the Democratic of the to international humanitarian law - a commitment favored by its membership in the monist systèm - and its institutional participation in the implementation bodies provided for in humanitarian treaties, the rules of IHL are constantly violated in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. This reality has led to an analysis of the factors behind the ineffectiveness of the implementation. Among thse, the man ones seem to be institutional shortcomings that encourage impunity for international crimes and the inoperability of certain implementation mechanisms provided for in humanitarian treaties. In order to overcome these shortcomings, the thesis makes concrete proposals for the effective and efficient implementation of international humanitarian law in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, including the creation of Special Panels within the Congolese judicial system to try international crimes
Capette, Isabelle. "La légalité de l'emploi de l'arme nucléaire." Paris 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA010308.
Full textBencherif, Taha Bachir. "Le respect des règles des conflits armés par les organisations internationales." Dijon, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008DIJOD002.
Full textSince the occurrence of the events symbolised by the fall of Berlin Wall and the collapse of the Soviet system in 1991, International Organisations have been lead up to carry out an increased role in peace keeping matters, more particularly in operations more and more numerous and complex, which was not the case of the first peace-keeping operations undertaken by the United Nations. In addition to their traditional military tasks, forces of different International Organisations are called up to play an active role and to fulfil several new functions, notably in disarming, transporting humanitarian aid, protection of certain zones and assistance to refugees…etc. And to reach thereto, they have been entrusted of combat missions and have been authorized to recourse to heavy weapons, armoured vehicles and aviation in order to reach their goals. In these situations, which appear to be far from strict neutrality notions and self-defence, on can talk about International Organisations involvement in armed conflicts situations in a way that it becomes sine qua non to call for rules regulating this type of situations, specially armed conflicts law. Thus, the purpose of this research is to explore the sources which oblige an International Organisation to abide by armed conflicts law. Nevertheless, the later remains the less abide with and consequently the most theoretical, which can let arise another problem, the one of International Organisations responsibility, since forces are likely to violate obligations which they are bound to
Gout, Philippe. "L’appréhension de l’ordre juridique coutumier infra-étatique par le droit international : l’expérience soudanaise de la consolidation de la paix." Thesis, Paris 2, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA020031.
Full textThe international peacebuilding intervention model was conceptualized in the 1990’s by the United Nations. It originates from theoretical approaches within Global Administrative Law that promote a materialist and alienating understanding of the concept of sovereignty and monist theories of international law. Peacebuilding aims at establishing liberal rule of law that fosters democratic good governance and the protection of individual human rights. A close scrutiny of this international peacebuilding framework in two exemplary settings in Sudan (Darfur, the “two areas” of South Kordofan and Blue Nile) allows for an analysis of the general legal regime of the peacebuilding model. In the interest of upholding the state’s rule of law, peacebuilding dismantles any competing infra-state legal order. Such so-called autonomous ‘customary’ orders are theorized here following Italian institutionalism and a formalist approach to law. This enables an understanding of how international law maneuvers the constituent elements of such legal orders. Maneuvering of infra-state customary legal orders is enacted through localized and temporary development and transitional justice programs based on the institution of the “trust”. The peacebuilding model consequently appears as a renewed and fleeting form of internationalized administration of territories borrowing from the League of Nations mandate or the United Nations trust systems. By drawing on customary legal orders, international law alienates the constituent elements therein at the price of an acknowledge paradox: international law denies any legal nature to the customary legal orders with which it interacts on a daily basis
Garompolo, Devidal Mélinda. "Droit international public et action humanitaire : deux "acteurs" de la protection des droits de l'enfant." Thesis, Dijon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014DIJOD002/document.
Full textBy making a survey of the several rules of current public international law, this dissertation will try to make the reader undestand the importance of the protection of children's rights all over the world. Nowadays, children die every minute because of conflicts, diseases, malnutrition..., a lot of them are exploited and have no possibilities of going to school, seeing their future escaping them every day a little more. It is against all these too recurring problems that States have to intervene by exercising their legislator's role, both on the international level and on the national level. But they also have to take their role of subject of law by respecting the international conventions which they made a commitment to respect of their own free will. This respect requires them to protect the children by offering them the possibility of enjoying humanitarian aid set up by many organizations loudly proclaiming that everybody has to act, in one way or another, to allow the development of many and various actions in spite of difficulties
Beham, Markus. "Doctrinal Illusion and State Interest : an Analysis of 'Non-Treaty' Law for 'Moral Concepts'." Thesis, Paris 10, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA100078.
Full textThe main question of the thesis is whether ‘non-treaty’ law – that is customary international law and general principles of law – may exist for ‘moral concepts’ – ideas that follow an altruistic as opposed to a self-interested motivation. In particular, this possibility is discussed against the background of doctrinal discourse on the issue, in order to confront the casual assessment that this is the case. The argument is advanced in three steps. First, a row of preliminary questions under the UN-CHARTER is set out for further discussion. Second follow the ‘non-treaty’ sources of international law. Third stands the essential element of international relations underlying the main question of this thesis: state interest. The latter discussion is complemented by two case studies, one on human rights and one on humanitarian use of force
Die Forschungsfrage bezieht sich auf die Existenz von „moralischen Konzepten“ – also solchen, die einer altruistischen anstelle einer eigennützigen Motivation folgen – als Völkergewohnheitsrecht oder allgemeine Rechtsgrundsätze. Dabei wird die Frage insbesondere vor dem Hintergrund des Diskurses betrachtet, um der beiläufigen Feststellung deren Existenz entgegenzutreten.Die Argumentation folgt drei Schritten. Zu Beginn steht eine Reihe von Vorfragen in Bezug auf die Satzung der Vereinten Nationen als Rahmen für die weitere Diskussion. Zweitens werden das Völkergewohnheitsrecht und die allgemeinen Rechtsgrundsätze erläutert. Drittens wird das Staatsinteresse als essentielles Element der internationalen Beziehungen, das der Forschungsfrage zugrunde liegt, diskutiert. Abgerundet wird die Analyse durch zwei Fallstudien, eine zu Menschenrechten und eine zu humanitären Ausnahmen zum Gewaltverbot
Zamuna, Abdolhakim. "Ingérence humanitaire et droit international." Nice, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998NICE0007.
Full textThe very beginning of the law of people. The fundamental question which arose among christians was over the origin of the causes which could start a situation of ingerence or a war. If the causes were considered as fair in the eyes of the theological tradition, there was a right of "fair war". In the nineteenth and in the beginning of the twentieth century, states and the occidental doctrine adapt this right of "fair war", justifying colonial expansion with the theory of "humanity intervention". According to the old occidental doctrine, international law only governs "civilized" states, while it is allowed to interfere in states that are disrespectful to humanitarian values in ingerence for humanitarian motives goes back a long way. This notion dates back a long time, from order to carry out a civilizing mission. After the second world war, the consequence of the principle of the sovereign equality of states in the charter of the united nations, is the banning of ingerence in all its forms. No state, however big its power is, can impose its will on a weaker state. As a consequence, ingerence even in the name of the humanitarian cause, is banned in the contemporary international law. At the end of the bipolar era, from 1989, the question of the direct ingerence of a state especially in the name of the humanitarian is once again considered. The notion of "humanitarian ingerence" is ambiguous and implies several problems difficult to solve. From the juridical point of view, this notion has always been a source of ambiguity and has not been subjected to any convention or usual practice considered as a custom that could give ingerence some juridical value
Gautron, Jérôme. "Les sanctions du droit international humanitaire." Tours, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994TOUR1018.
Full textThe first part is a diagnosis : the repression system of breaches of international humanitarian law, detailed in the four geneva conventions of 1949 and geneva protocols of 1977, is not adapted to international reality. The second part is therapeutic : it analyses the recent sanctions of international humanitarian law (humanitarian interventions and united nations) and it tries to find new mechanisms to improve the actual system in the future
Munsch, Catherine. ""Action humanitaire et droit international public" Etude des incidences de l'action humanitaire sur le droit international public." Tours, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999TOUR1003.
Full textAhipeaud, Evelyne. "Terrorisme et droit international humanitaire : les règles du droit international humanitaire à l'épreuve des actes de terrorisme." Thesis, Paris 11, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA111017.
Full textThe question of international terrorism continually catches the attention of jurists and the international community since the attacks of September 11th, 2001. On this occasion, the doctrine of “war on terror” prevailed. This doctrine strives to remove the distinction between state of war in the sense of law of armed conflict and terrorism traditionally governed by the rules of law of peace. This doctrine symbolizes the entry of the fight against terrorism in a new era, that of the law of war which will bring to the adoption of new rules of international humanitarian law intended to replace existing law, that is said to be out-of-date. The purpose of this research is to check the assumption of such a break and evaluate this possible change of paradigm in the rules of international humanitarian law. From this perspective, the question of the applicability of international humanitarian law to the fight against terrorism as well as its implementation in the fight against terrorism will be examined. For each question, it will be necessary to study the international humanitarian law available to find out if, and to what extent, the fight against terrorism puts this corpus juris to the test
Fahandej-Saadi, Ardavan. "L’interaction entre la souveraineté des Etats et les droits de la personne humaine : vers la responsabilité de protéger." Thesis, Paris 10, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA100199.
Full textThrough crystallization of the right and responsibility to intervene to protect the international community tries to bridge the gap between morality and legality of the interference for the protection of human rights. As interference in human protection purposes, since the end of the Cold War, found a legal basis for customary and does not correspond to an exceptional act may be justified in certain circumstances. With this approach, in case of failure of the Security Council in the implementation of military interference, regional organizations could without authorization "prior" and "precise" Security Council, commit armed interference. The study of the legal status of the UN and practices since the end of the Cold War, shows that if the right of intervention and the responsibility to protect has not yet found a foundation "live" in international conventions, however, they can find a legal basis in customary international law. Indeed, analysis of the value of UN resolutions and customary law elements of interference and the responsibility to protect demonstrate how resolutions 43/131 and 45/100 of the General Assembly inaugurated the process the right of intervention and the responsibility to protect. And since the 1990s, the practice of the Security Council, illustrated by a large number of resolutions that led to the implementation of operations just as many, and the practice of States and regional organizations to provide a legal body interference for human protection and leave no doubt about the legal nature of the latter
Dakessian, Rodney. "Les effets juridiques des massacres commis contre les Armeniens en 1915 et leurs modes de resolutions judiciaires et extrajudiciaires possibles." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO30096/document.
Full textThe main purpose of my thesis is to study all the legal issues concerning the 'Armenian question'.First, the existence of the elements of the crime of genocide in 1915 at the conventional international law, made our first question to consider. Then, it was necessary to study the nature of the crime committed against the Ottoman Armenians in 1915.In addition, can Turkey be responsible for a crime committed by the Ottoman Empire, according to the principle of succession of States in international law, especially that the Turkish state was created in 1923?And in case of such responsibility, has Armenia the right to maintain a lawsuit against Turkey, especially at the time of the crime, there was no Armenian state?The victims were citizens of the Ottoman Empire but of Armenian descent.Also, the quality of Armenia to take legal action, by judicial or extrajudicial processes, must be studied, regarding especially to the principle of non-retroactivity of treaties, especially that in our case, the crime was committed in 1915, while the Genocide Convention was enacted in 1948.In fact, our thesis aims ultimately to bring the two countries closer and actually try to help reach the end of the conflict between them, perceive what gather them and not what divides them, and find a fair and objective solution for both countries, in order to help put an end to their historic dispute, and that through a realistic and impartial study, based on logic and the nature of things and the circumstances of the existing
Debaa, Audrey. "Le principe de proportionnalité en droit international humanitaire." Paris 13, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA131036.
Full textIn international humanitarian law, applying the principle of proportionality involves two levels of legality concerning attacks. The principle of proportionality requires the limitation of the attacks to the strict necessity: attacks have to be limited to military objectives and conducted in accordance with precautionary duties. Recent armed conflict actors’ practice calls for a reaffirmation of the conditions to realize such dutides, constituting the framework for applying the principle. The second level of legality refers to the inherent function of the principle by requiring an assessment of the proportionality of the attack. Respecting proportionality in attacks prohibits causing predictable effects that are too significant on civilians and civilian property. Respecting this second level of legality in attacks is essential to realize the principle of distinction
Cahin, Gérard. "La coutume internationale et les organisations internationales : l'incidence de la dimension institutionnelle sur le processus coutumier." Nancy 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998NAN20013.
Full textThis thesis intends to analyze systematically the growing effect of international organizations on the customary process, and specifically the extent in which the institutional context deeply modified nowadays the conditions of birth, existence and disappearance of the international customary rules. First, this effect produces an enlargement of the material sphere of these rules: on the one hand, they are concerned with the relational society, governing, not only the traditional interstate relations, but these, too, of international organizations, between themselves and with states; on the other hand, these rules are a matter for the functioning and the life of international organizations, analogous to constitutional custom or conventions of the constitution. Next, this effect tends to a relative objectivity of the customary process, favoring its appraisal, in the course of three stages, at each of which the effect of the institutional dimension is evaluated. A first part of this work illustrates the increasing diversity of the authors and the elements of practice, and the more formal process of its structuration and generalization. This thesis shows in its second part how the international organizations tend to generate more easily customary rules, facilitating their identification in texts of codification, and refining the criteria and space-time conditions of normativity. The third part of this thesis considers the impact of international organizations on the juridical effects to custom, in space-time dimension (opposability and longevity), then in their intensity: the institutional factor revels in this respect the gradual subordination of the customary rules of the organization to the constitutive treaty, the authority of custom being itself much more depending on the jurisdictional function relating to international
Tiwa, Fomekong Steve Martial. "La contribution de l'Union africaine au droit international humanitaire." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/67788.
Full textThe African Union (AU) is particularly active in the domain of humanitarian law. Indeed, this regional organisation has adopted several rules of humanitarian law and has established institutional mechanisms with a mandate to ensure the implementation of this legal corpus. Consequently, through the impetus of the AU, there is a move towards the significant development of humanitarian law at the regional African level. However, the regionalization of humanitarian law is generally considered as being able to challenge the universal dimension as well as the coherence of international humanitarian law (IHL). The majority view particularly claims that regional measures in relation to humanitarian law could, from a normative point of view, cause an erosion of the universal rules of IHL and, from the point of view of implementation, give rise to difficulties in terms of articulating the universal and regional mechanisms for implementation. Ultimately, this would result in the weakening of the fundamental base of the legal regime for the protection of victims of armed conflicts. This research which is inscribed within the framework of the question of the relationship between regional law and international law aims to determine whether legal action taken by the AU in the domain of humanitarian law can contribute to the development of IHL or rather retard its evolution. The position put forward states that legal action taken by the AU within the domain of humanitarian law does not challenge the integrity nor the coherence of IHL but rather contributes to its development. This is demonstrated in two parts. In the first part, following a thematic approach suitable to IHL, we demonstrate that the normative activities of the AU, in relation to humanitarian law, contribute to the progressive development of the universal rules of IHL. To accomplish this, a review of the normative activities of the AU is done in an effort to extract the humanitarian law rules that it has produced. Each rule extracted is then compared with a current equivalent rule or rules of IHL which exist at the universal level. Finally, the regional and universal rules extracted and compared are interpreted in a systematic and evolutionary manner. Such an approach permits us to reach the conclusion that the rules produced by the AU are in harmony with the universal rules of IHL and furthermore enrich them. In the second part, we show that the operational activities undertaken by the AU in the field of humanitarian law contribute only modestly to the strengthening of the implementation of IHL. However, it is possible to envisage solutions to strengthen the efficiency of these activities. To arrive at this, we proceed with a critical analysis of the mechanisms put in place by the AU to ensure the implementation of IHL. This allows us to bring to light the limitations of these mechanisms. Furthermore, with an approach centered around making suggestions for law reform, solutions aimed at strengthening the contribution of the continental action framework to improve the fate of individuals affected by armed conflict are formulated
Besson, Marie-Pierre. "Les difficultés d'application du droit international humanitaire : sanctions-diffusion." Toulouse 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001TOU10025.
Full textThe Geneva Conventions and the Additional Protocols require the states party to adopt a number of measures in order to assure compliance with these treaties
Torrione, Henri Abi-Saab Georges. "L'Influence des conventions de codification sur la coutume en droit international public /." Fribourg (Suisse) : Ed. universitaires, 1989. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37662990c.
Full textMahai-Batel, Asma. "La diplomatie humanitaire et le droit international humanitaire : de l'empirisme à une diplomatie de catalyse ?" Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2019. http://theses.univ-cotedazur.fr/2019AZUR0036.
Full textThe concept of humanitarian diplomacy, which is still the subject of few theoretical studies, has fluctuating boundaries, depending on whether it is limited to negotiations accompanying humanitarian action or whether it includes diplomacy relating to international humanitarian law and its various functions carried out by multiple actors. The study of the relationship between humanitarian diplomacy and international humanitarian law (IHL) reveals its great plasticity over time, both in the field of the evolution of its objects - first focused on the development of IHL sources, then on improving the implementation of this law - and in its actors - initiated by private actors, such as Henry Dunant and the first relief societies, led by States, before being largely determined once again by a civil society organized through powerful NGOs -.These fluctuations, highlighted since antiquity, concern diplomacy relating to the material and formal sources of IHL, which has, in a first empirical approach, revealed and affirmed the values of IHL. The gradual structuring of a network of stakeholders in conventional negotiations then made it possible to affirm methods specific to this field of diplomacy, which very early on deviated from that of conventional diplomacy. Faced with the contemporary challenges of IHL and the transformation of conflict, humanitarian diplomacy is now characterized by the emergence of new forms of negotiation, emancipated from techniques based on confidentiality, where the prerogatives of the State recede in the face of the rise in power of NGOs. The proliferation of actors, but also the flexibility of methods and subjects of negotiation reveal the enrichment of a creative diplomacy of IHL by an operational diplomacy, constituting a "catalyst diplomacy", likely to allow adaptations of the norms of this corpus
Bolot, Fabrice. "L'action humanitaire internationale d'urgence." Dijon, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998DIJOD002.
Full textAt the end of the cold war, it could be hoped that a new world order would arise and that it would pave the way for more stable relationship between states and for a decrease in the number of conflicts. In a context of geopolitical upheaval, it seemed that time had come to assert the right of endangered populations to international emergency humanitarian action when they could not be rescued by their own governments. One of the most crucial issues for the united-nations organization was to find a way of reconciling the need for efficient measures at international level with the principle of sovereignty of states. This issue is at the center of the role of the united-nations organization as the defender of human rights throughout the world
Karimzadeh, Meibody Anahita. "Les enfants soldats : aspects de droit international humanitaire et de droit comparé." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAA003/document.
Full textThe uncontrolled spread of the phenomenon of child soldiers culminated in such a point during the 1990s that the international community was forced to strengthen the protection of children by introducing additional safeguards for children affected by armed conflict. Some of the main explanations for the rise of the phenomenon of child soldiers have been: areas of political instability, conflicts and almost universal impunity in cases of serious human rights violations. The objective of putting an end to the illegal involvement of children in armed conflict required close cooperation between all states concerned. Yet, legal complications did not take long to appear. Moreover, the diversity of legal systems and the variety of doctrinal approaches to the definition of the term "child" made a consensual approach difficult. The international criminalization of recruiting children, defined as a war crime, was just the beginning. The issue of justice in countries emerging from conflict is still relevant today and the adoption of other forms of justice is essential in the process of reconciliation and reintegration of former child soldiers. The criminal accountability of child soldiers is examined in its dual aspect of victim/executioner, addressing some emblematic cases
Fedida, Gaëlle. "Les ONG humanitaires d'urgence : nouveaux sujets du droit international ?" Paris 10, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA100168.
Full textCahin, Gérard Simon Denys. "La coutume internationale et les organisations internationales : l'incidence de la dimension institutionnelle sur le processus coutumier /." Paris : A. Pédone, 2001. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb38801576q.
Full textBibliogr. p. 715-776. Index.
Ruiz, Fabri Hélène. "Sur quelques aspects de la théorie de la coutume en droit international contemporain." Bordeaux 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989BOR1D011.
Full textInternational custom appears to be destabilized under the twofold effect of the diversification of its formal manifestations which is a cause of uncertainty due to its modes of realization ; and of the calling into question of its content which casts doubts on this source of law. However, its important contemporary use must not be ignored. Given this, the durability of international custom's basic characteristics with its adaptation to the evolution of surrounding factors, leads to the strengthening of custom
Djinadou, Moudjib. "L'organisation des nations unies et l'action humanitaire." Paris 5, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA05D011.
Full textThe new context of the end of the eighties, with the end of cold war, the desintegration of the soviet empire, and the resurgence of nationalisms, was the catalyst of a new type of conflicts, the internal ones, dividing ethnics groups. The united nations have then been forced to fit their intervention policy to this new deal. The resolutions 43/131 and 45/100 adopted by general assembly, and resolution 688 of the security courcil have been the juridical outcome of an awareness of the necessity of this adaptation. But several difficulties appear on the field, mainly because of a lack of preparation of the organization before the newness and complexity of the situations, as shown by the cases of former yugoslavia, rwanda and somalia
Rondeau, Sophie. "Les caractéristiques spéciales du droit international humanitaire en matière de sources." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/69664.
Full textJouni, Hassan. "Le droit international humanitaire dans les conflits contemporains au Liban." Montpellier 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MON10010.
Full textZemmali, Ameur. "Combattants et prisonniers de guerre en droit islamique et en droit international humanitaire /." Paris : A. Pedone, 1997. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb36696151q.
Full textHarouel-Bureloup, Véronique. "Genève - Paris 1863-1918 : le droit humanitaire en construction /." Genève : Société Henry Dunant, 2003. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb390633410.
Full textMaskrot, El Idrissi Latifa. "La protection des populations civiles victimes de conflits armés ayant entraîné le prononcé d'un embargo international." Montpellier 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MON10029.
Full textVibeke, Eggli Ann. "Mass refugee influx and the limits of public international law /." The Hague : M. Nijhoff publ, 2002. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39269232j.
Full textChaouch, Helel Adel. "La responsabilité pénale indirecte du supérieur hiérarchique pour violation du Droit international humanitaire." Nice, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NICE0004.
Full textHannikainen, Lauri. "Peremptory norms (jus congens) in international law : historical development, criteria, present status /." Helsinki : Lakimiesliiton Kustannus, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb373828424.
Full textSow, Youssouf. "Contribution à l'étude du principe d'ingérence humanitaire et ses difficultés d'application dans [le] droit international contemporain." Perpignan, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PERP0725.
Full textQuestions relative to interference for humanitarian motives have long existed. In fact they go back to the most primitive origins of the rights of people. However, the recognition of the principle of sovereign equality , of the non-use of force and intervention of the Charter of United Nations immediately after the Second World War means that interference of any form is strictly forbidden. At the end of the Cold War (from 1989), which was characterised by a significant change in international relations, the issue of interference, and in particular, interference for huminatarian motives, was once again raised. At this period, the concept of "the right to interfere" appeared. Having been cited often by the authors of legal doctrine for many years now, in order to support international humanitarian actions, this concept seems presently to be raising more questions than it has answered. The theoretical relevance of this concept has not been established in a satisfactory manner. Its full recognition by the United Nations is still uncertain and controversial, and its practical application difficult. "Law" and "Interference" are contradictory when seen through the prism of sovereignty, even if it is true that the two notions can be reconciled if one considers the underlying sources of inference and assistance. The legal arguments must be examined and highlighted in order to show both their weaknesses and their contradictions
Santa-Anna, Dahirou Olatundé. "Conflits internes, crises humanitaires et droit international." Limoges, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LIMO1012.
Full textTwo phenomena destabilize the internal order of States and the international order. These are internal armed conflicts and humanitarian crises. Their conceptualization, definition and subjection to International Law wich is built upon the interests of States and hence their sovereignty, have long engendered resistance. Unlike armed conflicts of an international character, internal armed conflicts have long been subject to the domestic law of States. Humanitarian crises, for their part, although usually associated with internal conflicts, have not led to a generally accepted definition even though they are subject to operational management and have led to the development of an interventionist approach. With the end of World War II and the Cold War, the ensuing myriad changes in the international system increased the magnitude and complexity of internal conflicts and humanitarian crises and led to a gradual development of International Law characterized by the normative and operational management of both internal conflicts and humanitarian crises, including the development and affirmation of standards for the protection of human rights, the implementation and modernization of existing mechanisms, and the emergence of new players on the international scene whose competences reflect only a partial erosion of the sovereignty of States, wich remain essential subjects of International Law, both in its development and its implementation
Laugier-Deslandes, Sophie. "Les méthodes d'interprétation du juge français face au droit international." Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010282.
Full textGrossemy, Dolorès. "De l'assistance à l'ingérence humanitaire, progrès ou régression du droit international public?" Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0004/MQ33665.pdf.
Full textJoram, Frédéric. "Les opérations de paix et l'obligation de respecter le droit international humanitaire." Paris 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA020069.
Full textBui, Alexandra. "Contribution à l'étude des facteurs de non-respect du droit international humanitaire." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM1064/document.
Full textInternational humanitarian law is one of the rare domains of international law which receive almost the entire support of the International Community and the Civil Society. Moreover, almost all of the rules that form international humanitarian law are part of international customary law which is compulsory for all, except for persistent objector. International jurisdictions, International Court of Justice and International Criminal Court, as well as doctrine agree that the rules of the law of armed conflict should be considered of superior value compared to ordinary norms. They have been qualified as obligations erga omnes, intransgressible principles of international law and even as jus cogens or imperative law. One cannot think of a better legal acknowledgment. Furthermore, international humanitarian law, at least its essential principles, appears to be one of the fundamental elements of an international moral in a globalized world. With the States and the ICRC, civil society has seized the question of its respect and even its development and many NGO work for it. We couldn’t contemplate a more favorable situation to ensure its respect that this unanimous legal and social recognition. However, the international humanitarian law is infringed every passing second. The aim of this thesis is to try to study the factors which explain the recurrence of infringements, be them legal, anthropological or sociological
Dermendjian, Valérie. "L'autorité de la coutume internationale dans l'ordre juridique interne des Etats-Unis." Aix-Marseille 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AIX32012.
Full textThe formal authority of customary international law stems from the constitutional jurisprudence of the nation and from the principle down from English common law and maritime law “international law is part of the law of the land”. The founding fathers considered the law of nations as to be apllied intercally as unwritten general law. Nowadays, the three branches of the national government participate in the incorporate process in ways that vary according to their constitutional powers. Specifically, a federal judge may rely upon the customary norm, using the sliding scale principle, and transforming it into specific federal common law. The material authority of customs international law can be perceived by the norms applied to both the states and the individual by the federal judge. Particulary, the Filartiga case law allows foreigner to bring a claim under the Alien Tort Statute for torts in violation of the law of nations
Damtsas, Spyridon. "La Pratique comme source de droit dans le cadre du système des Nations-unies." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1985. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37594153w.
Full textVité, Sylvain Condorelli Luigi. "Les procédures internationales d'établissement des faits dans la mise en oeuvre du droit international humanitaire /." Bruxelles : Bruylant : Éd. de l'Université de Bruxelles, 1999. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb377021965.
Full textWeil-Sierpinski, Batyah. "L'intervention d'humanité : un concept en mutation." Montpellier 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995MON10062.
Full textHumanitarian intervention is a concept that was developped in the nineteenth century. This concept was formed differently according as it was conceived by the states or authors of international law. It remained in contemporary international law but its content and modalities have changed, state presentation coming close to doctrinal presentation. It was especially envisaged in connection with rescuing nationales abroad through military coercion. The concept of humanitarian intervention was reactived by the latest emergence of a type of humanitarian assistance. It is possible to consider that humanitarian intervention is a changing concept but whatever this change is, this concept must be analysed according to nowadays international law. The study of humanitarian intervention stricto senso, humanitarian intervention rescuing national abroad and humanitarian assistnce shows typical changes in the international society evolution
Koutroulis, Vaios. "Les relations entre le jus contra bellum et le jus in bello: étanchéité absolue ou vases communicants ?" Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209966.
Full textDans la première partie, nous avons procédé à l’étude du principe de l’égalité des belligérants. Ce principe constitue la pierre angulaire de l’application des règles du DIH et proscrit toute invocation du jus contra bellum pour influencer l’application du jus in bello. Cela n’est pas évidemment sans poser de problèmes dans un ordre juridique dont une des règles fondamentales interdit le recours à la force. Ainsi, le principe de l’égalité des belligérants a fait l’objet de théories visant à remettre en cause son caractère absolu. Notre étude a montré qu’il n’en était rien. Le principe de l’égalité des belligérants est de nature coutumière et ne souffre pas d’exception. Ainsi, il incarne, dans sa forme la plus absolue, l’indépendance qui existe entre le jus contra bellum et le jus in bello.
La seconde partie de notre étude a eu pour objet de vérifier si cette indépendance pouvait également caractériser d’autres aspects des relations entre ces deux corps de règles, ou si on contraire, l’étanchéité entre ces deux branches du droit international n’était pas absolue. Ont été analysés, d’une part, les champs d’application ratione materiae et personae de ces corps de règles et, d’autre part, deux notions de fond qui sont considérées comme formant des « ponts » entre le jus contra bellum et le jus in bello :la nécessité et la proportionnalité. Ici encore, notre analyse confirme que l’indépendance constitue la caractéristique principale des relations entre le jus contra bellum et le jus in bello.
Doctorat en Sciences juridiques
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Falkowska, Martyna. "Entre conformisme et émancipation: le juge pénal international face à la coutume et aux principes généraux." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/249496.
Full textDoctorat en Sciences juridiques
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Buhedma, Abdulaziz. "Contribution à l'étude de la réaffirmation et du développement du droit international humanitaire applicable dans les conflits armés internationaux et non internationaux : des projets du C.I.C.R. aux protocoles additionnels adoptés en 1977." Orléans, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985ORLE0005.
Full textBurns, Anne-Marie. "La sous-traitance d'activités militaires par l'État au secteur privé : une entorse aux règles du droit international humanitaire?" Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/27753/27753.pdf.
Full textSince the 1990’s, States outsource military activities once performed by their army to private companies, leading the latter to intervene in armed conflicts. The rules of Humanitarian Law applicable in international armed conflicts were not conceived for these non-state actors, making them difficult to apply in this context, notably when it comes to determining the status of the employees of private military companies under the Geneva Conventions. Considering that the involvement of these actors whose status is uncertain or hard to determine causes confusion on the application of Humanitarian Law, this research project aims at determining whether States fulfil all their obligations when they outsource military activities to private companies. In other words, it inquires whether the obligation to respect the principle of distinction between combatants and civilians entails limitation to this practice.
Tam, Théodore. "La protection du handicap en droit international." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO30050/document.
Full textInternational protection of disable person is our topic. We have analyzed this topic in two parts.First of all, we have analyzed and presented the international juridical system of protection of the disable persons. In this way, we have study, all the institutions of protection, the laws and, international, regional, national and typical mechanisms of protection provide by human international law and also by humanitarian law. In the second part, we have studied different obstacles with not permit a huge or effective protection of disable and disable person. These obstacles are in different sorts. In this study, we have pick and analyze political, economic, social, cultural, or legal obstacles. In the terms of this study, we give some proposals or solutions in order to ameliorate and improve the protection of these persons
Olinga, Alain Didier. "Contribution à l'étude du droit d'ingérence : l'assistance humanitaire et la protection des droits de l'homme face au principe de non-intervention en droit international contemporain." Montpellier 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993MON10031.
Full textThe right of interference, conceived since few years by authors in international law to strengthen the international humanitarian action and the international protection of human rights, appears today to create more problems than it solves. The theoritical pertinency of the concept is not yet established in a satisfactory way. Its normative elaboration by united nations still remains uncertain and controversal and its material execution problematical. Between the return to the quasi-unanimously rejected prostice of humanitarian interventions and the dilution in a collective security practice reactivated by actual changes in the world, the right of interference as a new autonomous institutions still have to find its marks, to give itself a distinctive aspect. Its future already seems in delay and even compromise
Pisciotta, Linda. "Conflitti armatti interni e situazioni di emergenza tra diritti umani e diritto umanitorio : la tutela di alcuni diritti." Nice, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NICE0027.
Full textThe research deals with the complementary application of international human rights law and international humanitarian law during internal armed conflicts and emergency situations, such as violent disturbances, riots and the fight against international terrorism. Literature and international case law concerning the protection of three among the most fundamental human rights are analysed: the right to life, the right not to be subject to torture, cruel, inhuman and degrading treatments, and the right to a fair trial. This research aims to demonstrate the existence of a set of norms deriving from the complementary application and interpretation of humanitarian law and human rights law and constituting the so called “fundamental standards of humanity”, a nucleus of essential and non-derogable rights that must be respected in every circumstance