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1

Taylor, John R. "Controlled Drinking Studies:." Drugs & Society 1, no. 2-3 (July 23, 1987): 83–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j023v01n02_04.

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2

Vázquez, Alvaro, and Patrick Moyna. "Studies on mate drinking." Journal of Ethnopharmacology 18, no. 3 (December 1986): 267–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-8741(86)90005-x.

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3

Cisin, Ira H. "COMMUNITY STUDIES OF DRINKING BEHAVIOR." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 107, no. 2 (December 15, 2006): 607–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1963.tb13305.x.

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4

Lock, Roger, and Nigel Collins. "Freshwater studies using cattle drinking troughs." Journal of Biological Education 30, no. 3 (September 1996): 166–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00219266.1996.9655497.

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5

Crabbe, John C., R. Adron Harris, and George F. Koob. "Preclinical studies of alcohol binge drinking." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1216, no. 1 (January 2011): 24–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2010.05895.x.

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6

S, Mohanraghupathy, Swarnalatha D, Nagendra M, Kishore Kumar D, Rajeev C, and Gouthami . S. "COMPARISION OF INVITRO ANTIMICROBIAL STUDIES OF CINCHONA AND CEFEXIME ON DRINKING WATER BACTERIA." Indian Research Journal of Pharmacy and Science 6, no. 3 (September 2019): 1948–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/irjps.2019.6.3.5.

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7

Annis, Helen M., Linda C. Sobell, Hector Ayala-Velazquez, Janusz K. Rybakowski, Christer Sandahl, Bill Saunders, Sally Thomas, and Marcin Zlotkowski. "Drinking-Related Assessment Instruments: Cross-Cultural Studies." Substance Use & Misuse 31, no. 11-12 (January 1996): 1525–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10826089609063990.

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8

Taylor, J. R., J. E. Helzer, and L. N. Robins. "Moderate drinking in ex-alcoholics: recent studies." Journal of Studies on Alcohol 47, no. 2 (March 1986): 115–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.15288/jsa.1986.47.115.

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9

Rossow, Ingeborg, Patrick Keating, Lambert Felix, and Jim McCambridge. "Does parental drinking influence children's drinking? A systematic review of prospective cohort studies." Addiction 111, no. 2 (October 16, 2015): 204–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/add.13097.

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10

Stookey, Jodi D. "Under What Conditions do Water-Intervention Studies Significantly Improve Child Body Weight?" Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism 70, Suppl. 1 (2017): 62–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000463074.

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There are particular conditions that may optimize the effects of drinking-water interventions on body weight change and risk of obesity. Strategic planning to create and sustain conditions for optimal effects of drinking water may maximize the impact of school-based interventions to reduce childhood obesity. This paper proposes questions about the target population, type of diet and activity level that will be maintained during the intervention, and planned intervention message(s). The proposed questions are motivated by conditions associated with significant effects of drinking water in randomized controlled trials. They are discussed in relation to conditions underlying the recently successful school-based drinking-water intervention in New York City. If conditions allow, school-based drinking-water interventions have the potential to efficiently benefit millions of children worldwide, who are at risk of becoming obese.
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11

Yuan, J. "Effects of drinking pattern on the peak/trough blood concentrations in drinking water studies." Food and Chemical Toxicology 33, no. 7 (July 1995): 565–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0278-6915(95)00027-y.

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12

Tevik, Kjerstin, Sverre Bergh, Geir Selbæk, Aud Johannessen, and Anne-S. Helvik. "A systematic review of self-report measures used in epidemiological studies to assess alcohol consumption among older adults." PLOS ONE 16, no. 12 (December 16, 2021): e0261292. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0261292.

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Background There is a lack of standardization regarding how to assess and categorize alcohol intake in older adults. The aim of this study was to systematically review methods used in epidemiological studies to define drinking patterns and measure alcohol consumption among older adults. Methods A systematic search was conducted in the MEDLINE, PubMed, PsycINFO, EMBASE, and CINAHL databases for studies published from January 2009 to April 2021. Studies were included if they were observational studies with a quantitative design; the mean age of the participants was ≥ 65 years; questionnaires, screening tools, or diagnostic tools were used to define alcohol consumption; and alcohol consumption was self-reported. Results Of 492 studies considered, 105 were included. Among the 105 studies, we detected 19 different drinking patterns, and each drinking pattern had a wide range of definitions. The drinking patterns abstaining from alcohol, current drinking, and risk drinking had seven, 12 and 21 diverse definitions, respectively. The most used questionnaire and screening tools were the quantity-frequency questionnaire, with a recall period of 12 months, and the full and short versions of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, respectively. Conclusion No consensus was found regarding methods used to assess, define, and measure alcohol consumption in older adults. Identical assessments and definitions must be developed to make valid comparisons of alcohol consumption in older adults. We recommend that alcohol surveys for older adults define the following drinking patterns: lifetime abstainers, former drinkers, current drinkers, risk drinking, and heavy episodic drinking. Standardized and valid definitions of risk drinking, and heavy episodic drinking should be developed. The expanded quantity-frequency questionnaire including three questions focused on drinking frequency, drinking volume, and heavy episodic drinking, with a recall period of 12 months, could be used.
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13

Gilmore, Thomas B. "James Boswell's Drinking." Eighteenth-Century Studies 24, no. 3 (1991): 337. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2738667.

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14

Burkett, Steven R. "Perceived Parents' Religiosity, Friends' Drinking, and Hellfire: A Panel Study of Adolescent Drinking." Review of Religious Research 35, no. 2 (December 1993): 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3511780.

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15

Tomkins, Mary M., Clayton Neighbors, and Crystal L. Park. "Expressing discrepancies between religious affiliations and drinking reduces drinking intentions." Psychology of Religion and Spirituality 12, no. 1 (February 2020): 124–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/rel0000229.

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16

BONDY, SUSAN J. "Overview of studies on drinking patterns and consequences." Addiction 91, no. 11 (November 1996): 1663–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.1996.tb02269.x.

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BONDY, SUSAN J. "Overview of studies on drinking patterns and consequences." Addiction 91, no. 11 (November 1996): 1663–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1360-0443.1996.911116637.x.

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18

Jespersen, Lennard Tang, O. Lederballe Pedersen, E. O. Mikkelsen, and P. Jakobsen. "Drinking Water and Drug Dosage in Rat Studies." Acta Pharmacologica et Toxicologica 53, no. 3 (March 13, 2009): 212–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0773.1983.tb01127.x.

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19

Craun, Gunther F. "Epidemiologic studies of organic micropollutants in drinking water." Science of The Total Environment 47 (December 1985): 461–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0048-9697(85)90350-x.

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20

Tigerstedt, Christoffer, and Jukka Törrönen. "Artikel." Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs 22, no. 2 (April 2005): 105–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/145507250502200203.

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Finnish drinking habits have changed drastically during the past few decades. Studies on drinking habits, however, consistently seem to come to the conclusion that in Finland, drinking patterns are still traditional, national, and unitary. Such conclusions rely on the notion of cultural lag and are based on stereotypical dichotomies between traditional and modern, and Finnish and European drinking habits. The article shows that analyses of drinking habits tend not to problematise the concept of habit. It is mostly used to refer to the most stereotypical kind of drinking behaviour, namely intoxication-oriented drinking, while other patterns tend to be overshadowed. The studies, which are most often based on survey data, also give little attention to the meanings the actors attribute to their drinking. For a more sensitive analysis, the article outlines a cultural model of drinking habits, which is then adapted to the analysis of the results of both statistical and qualitative studies on drinking habits carried out during the past three-four decades. The analysis shows that it would be vital, firstly, to carry out time series analyses on the epidemiological data, which would test the assumptions of the unitary nature of drinking habits on the one hand, and chart their variability on the other. Secondly, there is a need for efforts to reconcile the contradictory findings of epidemiological and qualitative studies. And thirdly, research on drinking habits should shift its focus towards the situational variability of drinking.
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21

Palmer, Catherine. "Drinking like a guy? Women and sport-related drinking." Journal of Gender Studies 24, no. 5 (October 3, 2013): 483–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09589236.2013.841574.

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22

Calderon, Rebecca L., and Gunther F. Craun. "Estimates of endemic waterborne risks from community-intervention studies." Journal of Water and Health 4, S2 (December 1, 2006): 89–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wh.2006.019.

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The nature and magnitude of endemic waterborne disease are not well characterized in the United States. Epidemiologic studies of various designs can provide an estimate of the waterborne attributable risk along with other types of information. Community drinking water systems frequently improve their operations and may change drinking water treatment and their major source of water. In the United States, many of these treatment changes are the result of regulations promulgated under the Safe Drinking Water Act. A community-intervention study design takes advantage of these “natural” experiments to assess changes in health risks. In this paper, we review the community-intervention studies that have assessed changes in waterborne gastroenteritis risks among immunocompetent populations in industrialized countries. Published results are available from two studies in Australia, one study in the United Kingdom, and one study in the United States. Preliminary results from two other US studies are also available. Although the current information is limited, the risks reported in these community-intervention studies can help inform the national estimate of endemic waterborne gastroenteritis. Information is provided about endemic waterborne risks for unfiltered surface water sources and a groundwater under the influence of surface water. Community-intervention studies with recommended study modifications should be conducted to better estimate the benefits associated with improved drinking water treatment.
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23

Lipp, P., and G. Baldauf. "Enhanced particle removal in drinking water treatment plants – case studies." Water Science and Technology 41, no. 7 (April 1, 2000): 135–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2000.0125.

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Measurements of parasites in surface waters in Germany showed that their presence is widely spread. Concentrations may reach values up to a maximum of 50 cysts per 100 l. Normally raw waters used for drinking water production show much lower values. In order to ensure sufficient parasite removal in drinking water treatment plants an enhancement of particle removal is required. For filtration processes parameters influencing particle removal are filter media, filtration velocity, flocculant dosage, preozonationand filter back wash. Moderate filtration conditions show best results. Three case studies show that preozonation, optimized energy input and use of flocculants improve particle removal. One case study shows results of the first ultrafiltration plant in Germany treating reservoir and spring water for drinking water production.
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Mearns, Chris. "Eating Christ and Drinking his Blood." Theology 95, no. 764 (March 1992): 126–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040571x9209500210.

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Abbas, Moneeza, and Kausar Jamal Cheema. "Correlation Studies of Arsenic Level In Drinking Water and Blood Samples of Females in District Sheikhupura, Pakistan." Journal of Environmental Science and Management 22, no. 2 (December 29, 2019): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.47125/jesam/2019_2/01.

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Arsenic contamination of drinking water has become a major health concern all over the world. Pakistan is also facing an arsenic contamination in drinking water. The present study determine the correlation of arsenic level in drinking water and blood sample of females of District Sheikhupura, Pakistan. The study area for the present research work is District Sheikhupura, which is an industrial as well as an agricultural city in the province of Punjab, Pakistan. The arsenic concentration in drinking water from different sources used by the inhabitants and blood samples of females was measured by using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The drinking water of tehsils Sheikhupura and Sharaqpur had higher arsenic as compared to other tehsils (64.25 ± 2.55 μg L-1 and 61.63 ± 2.73 μg L-1) respectively, and was highest in all hands pumping water (71.14 ± 2.6μg L-1). Mean arsenic concentration in blood samples was highest in the age group of 23-25 years (3.2 ± 0.23 μg L-1) and being highest among respondents of tehsil Sheikhupura. A positive correlation between drinking water and blood samples when analyzed with respect to area and drinking water sources was found. Evidences suggest that the presence of arsenic in drinking water is likely to affect general metabolism and its accumulation in human. This appears to be linked with exposure of varying magnitude and duration.
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26

West, Lois. "Negotiating Masculinities in American Drinking Subcultures." Journal of Men's Studies 9, no. 3 (April 1, 2001): 371–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3149/jms.0903.371.

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27

Uy, Philip J., Neil A. Massoth, and William H. Gottdiener. "Rethinking male drinking: Traditional masculine ideologies, gender-role conflict, and drinking motives." Psychology of Men & Masculinity 15, no. 2 (April 2014): 121–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0032239.

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28

Clark, Peter. "Drinking and Public Place." Contemporary Drug Problems 32, no. 1 (March 2005): 3–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009145090503200102.

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This paper introduces four following case studies, by Kümin, Brennan, Wacklin, and Törrönen and Karlsson, as well as commentaries by Graham and Rudy. It stresses the need for more research on the historical evolution of European drinking houses and their world, where there have been only a limited number of recent studies; the early 20th century is particularly neglected. This is despite the fact that drinking houses have generated a great variety and volume of source material, which has the potential to shed valuable light on drinking houses themselves, their landlords, customers, and relations with the authorities. The different spaces associated with the drinking house are of especial interest. The introduction summarizes the papers and suggests that many of the issues raised by the authors are of major relevance to the contemporary debate about alcohol use and control.
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McKeague, Mark, Sam Norton, and Martha Canfield. "A review of factors associated with patterns of drinking during pregnancy." Advances in Dual Diagnosis 13, no. 1 (December 11, 2019): 6–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/add-08-2019-0007.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify factors associated with drinking patterns during pregnancy. Design/methodology/approach A rapid evidence assessment was undertaken, scanning multiple databases for studies examining factors associated with alcohol consumption in pregnancy. Studies were included if they stratified data according to quantity of alcohol consumed and identified relevant associated factors. Drinking patterns were classified as light/moderate and heavy/binge. Findings In total, 15 studies were included (N=7 light/moderate; N=15 heavy/binge drinking). Factors associated with alcohol consumption during pregnancy included: smoking, age, SES, marital status, pre-pregnancy substance use and parity. While few studies reported an association between heavy/binge drinking and maternal mental health, none of the studies included explored the association between mental health and light/moderate drinking. Research limitations/implications Relatively few studies have looked at the association between psychological characteristics of women and their drinking patterns. There is a lack of articles examining light/moderate drinking in pregnancy compared to heavy/binge drinking. Moreover, there is marked variation in how alcohol use is measured. Further studies are needed to increase understanding of the association between psychological factors and patterns of drinking during pregnancy, and how health professionals might support women in this context. Originality/value The authors expand on previous work by examining two different patterns of alcohol consumption in pregnancy, rather than alcohol use simply as an isolated concept. The two groups were found to differ in a number of demographic and social factors. This information could be used to aid healthcare professionals in targeting specific interventions to those women most at risk.
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Ward, Mary, Rena Jones, Jean Brender, Theo de Kok, Peter Weyer, Bernard Nolan, Cristina Villanueva, and Simone van Breda. "Drinking Water Nitrate and Human Health: An Updated Review." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 7 (July 23, 2018): 1557. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15071557.

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Nitrate levels in our water resources have increased in many areas of the world largely due to applications of inorganic fertilizer and animal manure in agricultural areas. The regulatory limit for nitrate in public drinking water supplies was set to protect against infant methemoglobinemia, but other health effects were not considered. Risk of specific cancers and birth defects may be increased when nitrate is ingested under conditions that increase formation of N-nitroso compounds. We previously reviewed epidemiologic studies before 2005 of nitrate intake from drinking water and cancer, adverse reproductive outcomes and other health effects. Since that review, more than 30 epidemiologic studies have evaluated drinking water nitrate and these outcomes. The most common endpoints studied were colorectal cancer, bladder, and breast cancer (three studies each), and thyroid disease (four studies). Considering all studies, the strongest evidence for a relationship between drinking water nitrate ingestion and adverse health outcomes (besides methemoglobinemia) is for colorectal cancer, thyroid disease, and neural tube defects. Many studies observed increased risk with ingestion of water nitrate levels that were below regulatory limits. Future studies of these and other health outcomes should include improved exposure assessment and accurate characterization of individual factors that affect endogenous nitrosation.
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Duarte-Vera, Alejandra Ester, Julien Vanhulst, and Eduardo Antonio Letelier-Araya. "Tensiones de la Gobernanza comunitaria de servicios sanitarios rurales en territorios periurbanos (Chile)." Revista Urbano 24, no. 44 (November 30, 2021): 112–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.22320/07183607.2021.24.44.09.

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Unlike the private concession model applied in urban zones, rural water sanitation services in Chile are managed by rural drinking water (RDW) committees or cooperatives, under a community governance model. This article seeks to understand the tensions and conflicts faced by RDW community governance in the peri-urban territories of regional capitals, which are at the frontier of the private drinking water management model. Based on a political ecology and hybrid governance approach, this research proposes the hypothesis that, on facing urban expansion and water scarcity, the neoliberal institutional framework tends to favour drinking water market governance in peri-urban territories. With this aim, and through semi-structured interviews and participatory observation, focusing on three RDW cases located in the peri-urban zone of Talca, this study develops a critical discourse analysis of community managers and government regulators, identifying their perceptions and positions on current socio-ecological transformations, and community governance tensions. Consistent with the proposed hypothesis, from discourse analysis, it is possible to infer the potential risks of privatization, derived from the implementation of Law No. 20,998, which regulates rural water sanitation services.
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A Ghafil ,, Jenan, Hameda Kadem Zghair ,, and Ayaid Khadem Zgair. "Chemical and microbiological properties of drinking water in the city of Baghdad." Diyala Journal of Medicine 23, no. 1 (October 15, 2022): 44–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.26505/djm.v23i1.924.

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Background: The quality of drinking water is directly related to community health. Therefore, improving the quality of drinking reflects positively on the health situation in general. The studies that deal with the quality of drinking water in the city of Baghdad in terms of chemical or microbial content are very scanty. Objective: The current review highlights the most important studies and research articles that concern the quality of drinking water, both bottled water and tap water, in terms of chemical and biological contamination and chemophysical specifications for drinking water. Abstract: Studies have shown that drinking water in the city of Baghdad, especially tap water, contains certain levels of heavy metals, and some bacterial species have also been diagnosed in drinking water transmitted through taps. But the levels of most of them are within the international standards. Although there are some indications of chemical and biological contamination. Conclusion: Although the standard specifications for drinking water in the city of Baghdad are acceptable, the pollution indicators in both tap water and bottled water should be monitored seasonally.
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A Ghafil, Jenan, Hameda Kadem Zghair, and Ayaid Khadem Zgair. "Chemical and microbiological properties of drinking water in the city of Baghdad." Diyala Journal of Medicine 23, no. 1 (October 15, 2022): 44–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.26505/djm.23016410301.

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Background: The quality of drinking water is directly related to community health. Therefore, improving the quality of drinking reflects positively on the health situation in general. The studies that deal with the quality of drinking water in the city of Baghdad in terms of chemical or microbial content are very scanty. Objective: The current review highlights the most important studies and research articles that concern the quality of drinking water, both bottled water and tap water, in terms of chemical and biological contamination and chemophysical specifications for drinking water. Abstract: Studies have shown that drinking water in the city of Baghdad, especially tap water, contains certain levels of heavy metals, and some bacterial species have also been diagnosed in drinking water transmitted through taps. But the levels of most of them are within the international standards. Although there are some indications of chemical and biological contamination. Conclusion: Although the standard specifications for drinking water in the city of Baghdad are acceptable, the pollution indicators in both tap water and bottled water should be monitored seasonally.
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34

Rajendran, V., R. Venkatasubramani, and M. Suresh. "Groundwater Quality Studies Using Geographic Information System in Dharmapuri District, Tamil Nadu, India." JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN CHEMISTRY 12, no. 9 (September 15, 2016): 4349–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jac.v12i9.6705.

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This scientific report deals with the quality of groundwater for drinking purpose in the hard-rock aquifer of Dharmapuri district, Tamil Nadu South India. 135 Groundwater samples were collected based on the equal grid method and groundwater quality was assessed. Geographically the aerial extent of the study area is plain portion 3313.15 Sq.Km and Hill and forest 1346.25 Sq.Km. groundwater samples was analyzed in various physicochemical parameters and major ion chemistry like pH, EC, TDS, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, HCO3-, Cl-, SO42-, NO3- and F-. Based on the analytical results, to prepared spatial distribution maps with help of WHO standard. ArcGIS was employed. Attributes were linked and spatial interpolation tool was used. IDW technique was followed for raster and vector mapping. Finally integration analysis was carried out to locate the worst quality zone. Based on the analysis, most of the samples are suitable for drinking. The final integrated map (Drinking quality) reveals that for suitable for drinking and domestic purpose. “Not permissible” water quality zone cover about area 2467.09 sq. km respectively. While “Maximum allowable” water quality zone cover an area of 836.87 sq. km. The “Most desirable” water quality zone an area 9.19 sq.km for drinking and domestic purposes.
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Salisbury, Juanita J., Neil E. Rowland, and Melvin J. Fregly. "Postingestional modulation of drinking induced in rats by angiotensin II: Intragastric infusion and sham drinking studies." Physiology & Behavior 40, no. 4 (January 1987): 539–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0031-9384(87)90041-2.

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36

Laky, D., and Sz Takó. "Biological ammonia removal field studies for drinking water treatment." Water Supply 13, no. 4 (August 1, 2013): 1130–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2013.101.

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In order to study the applicability of biological ammonia removal from drinking water, field experiments with 10 L/h flow rate were carried out at a case-study area, where raw water contained arsenic, iron, manganese, dissolved gases (methane, aggressive carbon dioxide) and ammonia. The technology applied at the waterworks consisted of potassium permanganate (KMnO4) dosing and rapid sand filtration followed by sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) disinfection. The treated water fulfilled the requirements for iron, arsenic and usually for manganese as well; however, it contained ammonia and dissolved gases. The aim of the investigation was to find out how the current technology could be modified in order to meet the drinking water requirements. In the first experimental setup, treated water of the waterworks was aerated and directed to the biological reactor, where ammonia was converted into nitrate. In the second experimental setup, the untreated water was first aerated, followed by a biological reactor (sand filter), KMnO4 dosing and a second sand filtration stage. Both experiments were successful; the treated water fulfilled the iron, manganese, arsenic and ammonia limits. Furthermore, the studied technologies were capable of removing dissolved gases. Modification of the current technology according to the second experimental setup is suggested, for two reasons: the KMnO4 dose could be decreased to one-third of the current value, and the explosive methane gas could be removed in the first treatment step.
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37

Pandina, Robert J. "Methods, Problems, Trends and Studies of Adolescent Drinking Practices." Annals of Behavioral Medicine 8, no. 2&3 (April 1986): 20–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15324796abm0802&3_4.

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Pandina, Robert J. "Methods, Problems, Trends and Studies of Adolescent Drinking Practices." Annals of Behavioral Medicine 8, no. 2 (April 1986): 20–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15324796abm0802_4.

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39

Levallois, Patrick, Ray Bustinza, and Suzanne Gingras. "DRINKING WATER NITRATES AND CANCER: REVIEW OF EPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDIES." Epidemiology 15, no. 4 (July 2004): S110—S111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001648-200407000-00279.

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40

M.S., Anjali, Shrihari S., and Sunil B.M. "Experimental studies of slag filter for drinking water treatment." Environmental Technology & Innovation 15 (August 2019): 100418. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eti.2019.100418.

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41

Holt, Jonathon D. S., William P. Watson, and Hilary J. Little. "Studies on a model of long term alcohol drinking." Behavioural Brain Research 123, no. 2 (September 2001): 193–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0166-4328(01)00206-6.

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42

Olkowski, Andrzej A., David A. Christensen, and Colin G. Rousseaux. "Association of sulfate-water and blood thiamine concentration in beef cattle: Field studies." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 71, no. 3 (September 1, 1991): 825–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas91-097.

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A population study was undertaken to survey the distribution of sulfate levels in water and thiamine status of beef cattle on Saskatchewan farms. Fifty farms took part in this study. The sampled animals represented all major breeds raised in Saskatchewan. The sulfate content in drinking water varied greatly across the province ranging from 70 to 3200 ppm. Approximately 43% of the farms from southern and central parts of the province had water with sulfate concentration exceeding 1000 ppm. The concentration of blood thiamine was (mean ± SD) 24.9 ± 10.1 μg L−1. Subsequently, a comparative study was undertaken to examine the relationship between high sulfate in the drinking water and blood thiamine concentration in feedlot cattle. The farms with high (> 1000 ppm) and low (< 200) levels of sulfate in the water were used for the comparative study. Blood thiamine concentrations differed (P < 0.0001) between beef cattle drinking low sulfate-water and those drinking high sulfate-water and were 47.3 ± 9.8 and 37.9 ± 12.4 μg L−1 respectively. It was concluded from this study that a high concentration of sulfate in the drinking water has a detrimental effect on blood thiamine status. A subpopulation of beef cattle in Saskatchewan may be marginally deficient or deficient in thiamine. Key words: Water, sulfate, cattle, blood, thiamine, deficiency
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43

Boontem, Phagapun, and Udomsak Saengow. "Association between Self-Reported Exposure to Alcohol Advertisements and Drinking Behaviors: An Analysis of a Population-Based Survey in Thailand." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 21 (October 27, 2021): 11271. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111271.

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The relationship between alcohol advertising and drinking has been demonstrated in many studies. Most studies were conducted on adolescents or young adults. Thailand has strict regulations on alcohol advertisements. This study aimed to examine associations between exposure to alcohol advertisements and drinking behaviors, i.e., past-year drinking and past-year heavy drinking, using data from a population-based survey in Thailand. The survey participants were Thai citizens aged 15 or older. Logistic regression was used to investigate the associations. The primary explanatory variable was self-reported exposure to alcohol advertisements. Covariates in the regression models included sex, age, and education. Self-reported exposure to alcohol advertisements was associated with past-year drinking (OR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.07–1.27), past-year heavy drinking (OR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.28–1.41), and past-year heavy drinking among drinkers (OR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.43–1.60). Male sex, working age, and secondary education or a diploma were associated with higher odds of past-year drinking and past-year heavy drinking. In this study, self-reported exposure to alcohol advertisements was shown to be associated with past-year drinking and past-year heavy drinking among a population aged 15 years or older.
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44

Grassi, Joseph A. "Eating Jesus' Flesh and Drinking His Blood." Biblical Theology Bulletin: Journal of Bible and Culture 17, no. 1 (February 1987): 24–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014610798701700105.

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45

Hunter, Ernest. "Aboriginal Alcohol Use: A Review of Quantitative Studies." Journal of Drug Issues 22, no. 3 (July 1992): 713–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002204269202200317.

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In the first of two articles (see Brady in this issue) reviewing the field of Aboriginal alcohol use and misuse, the author describes tenacious stereotypes of Aboriginal drinking, and outlines problems that have until recently prevented the development of quantitative studies. The available research material indicates that while non-drinkers constitute a higher proportion of the surveyed populations, those Aborigines who are drinking are likely to be consuming alcohol at harmful levels. These findings, which are consistent with research on other indigenous groups in the Pacific and North America, are cause for concern, being associated with high levels of morbidity and mortality. The need for more systematic and reliable research, particularly longitudinal studies, is emphasised.
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46

Hinote, Brian P., and Gretchen R. Webber. "Drinking toward Manhood." Men and Masculinities 15, no. 3 (July 25, 2012): 292–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1097184x12448466.

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47

Bylund, John, Jonas Toljander, Maria Lysén, Niloofar Rasti, Jannes Engqvist, and Magnus Simonsson. "Measuring sporadic gastrointestinal illness associated with drinking water – an overview of methodologies." Journal of Water and Health 15, no. 3 (April 4, 2017): 321–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wh.2017.261.

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There is an increasing awareness that drinking water contributes to sporadic gastrointestinal illness (GI) in high income countries of the northern hemisphere. A literature search was conducted in order to review: (1) methods used for investigating the effects of public drinking water on GI; (2) evidence of possible dose–response relationship between sporadic GI and drinking water consumption; and (3) association between sporadic GI and factors affecting drinking water quality. Seventy-four articles were selected, key findings and information gaps were identified. In-home intervention studies have only been conducted in areas using surface water sources and intervention studies in communities supplied by ground water are therefore needed. Community-wide intervention studies may constitute a cost-effective alternative to in-home intervention studies. Proxy data that correlate with GI in the community can be used for detecting changes in the incidence of GI. Proxy data can, however, not be used for measuring the prevalence of illness. Local conditions affecting water safety may vary greatly, making direct comparisons between studies difficult unless sufficient knowledge about these conditions is acquired. Drinking water in high-income countries contributes to endemic levels of GI and there are public health benefits for further improvements of drinking water safety.
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48

Cowley, A. W., M. M. Skelton, and D. C. Merrill. "Osmoregulation during high salt intake: relative importance of drinking and vasopressin secretion." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 251, no. 5 (November 1, 1986): R878—R886. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1986.251.5.r878.

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Studies determined the relative contribution of drinking vs. vasopressin secretion in the regulation of extracellular osmolality in response to changes of Na intake. Daily Na intake was increased from 30 to 200 meq in dogs maintained under three conditions: normal dogs with ad libitum drinking, normal dogs with "fixed drinking," and neurohypophysectomized dogs with "fixed drinking" and vasopressin replaced by continuous infusion. (Drinking was fixed to that amount consumed during the normal Na control period.) The mechanisms of osmoregulation were highly nonlinear. As daily Na intake increased from 30 to 100 meq, renal natriuretic mechanisms predominated with only small contributions from either the thirst or vasopressin systems. At high levels of Na intake (200 meq/day), both drinking and vasopressin release contributed significantly to osmoregulation. The studies also determined that, in the absence of excess vasopressin secretion and increased drinking, plasma osmolality rose to nearly twice the levels as those observed in normal dogs that increased vasopressin secretion. We conclude that vasopressin-related renal conservation of water contributes to buffering the rise of osmolality when Na intake is increased without increased drinking. The studies also confirm that with available water to drink, the thirst mechanism together with renal Na excretory mechanisms are the predominant controllers of osmolality in situations of high sodium intake.
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49

Boban, Mladen, Creina Stockley, Pierre-Louis Teissedre, Patrizia Restani, Ursula Fradera, Claudia Stein-Hammer, and Jean-Claude Ruf. "Drinking pattern of wine and effects on human health: why should we drink moderately and with meals?" Food & Function 7, no. 7 (2016): 2937–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6fo00218h.

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Epidemiological studies examining the effects of alcoholic beverages on human health may be unclear if they do not take into account drinking pattern parameters such as beverage type, regular moderateversusbinge drinking and drinking with meals.
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50

Тюрина, И. А., Я. И. Лебедь-Шарлевич, and Е. С. Манаева. "Legislation of the countries of the European Region on the drinking water quality management (overview)." Vodosnabzhenie i sanitarnaia tehnika, no. 10 (October 15, 2022): 14–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.35776/vst.2022.10.02.

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Качественная питьевая вода является залогом здоровья и благополучия населения. Формирование требований к водоподготовке способствует обеспечению качества и безопасности питьевой воды. Проведен обзор основных подходов законодательного регулирования и нормативно-правовой базы в области обеспечения качества питьевой воды в странах Европейского региона. Рассмотрены требования к качеству питьевой воды, реагентам, материалам и оборудованию, применяемым в системах питьевого водоснабжения, а также требования к их сертификации в странах Европейского союза и России. Отмечено, что, несмотря на наличие национальных нормативов и стандартов, происходит гармонизация требований, предъявляемых к продукции для питьевого водоснабжения, в рамках крупных объединений государств (Европейский союз и Евразийский экономический союз). High-quality drinking water has been a guarantee of the health and well-being of the population. Formation of the requirements to the water treatment contributes to ensuring the quality and safety of drinking water. A review of the main approaches of the legislative regulation and the legal framework in the field of drinking water quality assurance in the countries of the European Region was carried out. The requirements to the quality of drinking water, chemicals, materials and equipment used in drinking water supply systems, as well as the requirements to their certification in the EU countries and Russia are considered. It is noted that, despite the availability of the national regulations and standards, a harmonization of the requirements to the products for drinking water supply is taking place within the framework of large associations of states (the European Union and the Eurasian Economic Union).
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