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Academic literature on the topic 'Dredges'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 27 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Dredges"

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Lyubimov, Victor Ivanovich, Nikolay Frolovich Popov, and Grigory Ivanovich Sapunov. "Review and analysis of operation of best domestic and foreign river dredgers." Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies 2020, no. 2 (May 22, 2020): 39–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.24143/2073-1574-2020-2-39-53.

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The article analyzes the development and modernization of energy and technological equipment, as well as soil productivity of dredging projects of both foreign and domestic manufacturers of dredging equipment. The emphasis has been placed on the installation and use of submersible pumps. The productivity of soil dredges has been found to increase due to changes in the design of soil sampling devices and soil pumps. The main characteristics of the American river dredgers with hydraulic cultivators and domestic river diesel dredgers with hydraulic soil cultivators have been considered and evaluated. The designs of the dredgers built in France and the Netherlands have been studied. To compare the technical and economic parameters of the standard type Beaver1600 dredger and the 82080-800 m3/h project domestic dredger there were carried out calculations by the specialists of Volzhskiy State University of Water Transport. There has been illustrated the layout of the TRN-3000 dredge pump (France) including a control cabin, a milling cultivator, a frame of a soil intake device, a submersible soil pump, an anchor support, etc.; layout of the KhAM-219 dredger (Netherlands); layout of Ellicott dredger (USA); layout of a domestic 350-50LPG dredger based on class 350-50L dredgers; a suction pump S-55P; layout of the Benoto dredger (France) including a mechanical cultivator, a soil pump, a hydraulic pump of a soil pump, a frame and a hydraulic cylinder for raising and lowering the frame. It has been inferred that the domestic dredgers are not inferior to the foreign models, taking into account that they are equipped with a new type of domestic rotary-bucket cultivator for working on inland waterways of Russia. The financial assessment of the construction of new domestic dredgers has been carried out.
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Gaspar, M. B., F. Leitão, M. N. Santos, L. Chícharo, M. D. Dias, A. Chícharo, and C. C. Monteiro. "A comparison of direct macrofaunal mortality using three types of clam dredges." ICES Journal of Marine Science 60, no. 4 (January 1, 2003): 733–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1054-3139(03)00023-7.

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Abstract The white clam Spisula solida is harvested along the entire coast of Portugal using mechanical dredges. In this study, the total direct mortality of the macrobenthic community caused by three types of clam dredges (north dredge—ND, traditional dredge—TD, and the metallic grid dredge—GD) used in the S. solida fishery was determined and compared. The relationship between mortality and catching efficiency for each type of dredge was also assessed. Our results showed significant differences for total direct mortality between the ND and both the GD and TD dredges. This difference was largely attributed to the mortality of animals that died in the dredge track as a direct result of the physical damage inflicted by the dredge passing. It was also found that the damage to uncaught individuals is directly related to gear efficiency. The lower catching efficiency of the ND (64%) led to a higher proportion of damaged individuals being left in the dredge path, when compared with the more efficient GD (98%) and TD (90%) dredges. Short and long-term implications of the impact of dredging on the composition of benthic communities are discussed. From fisheries management and ecological points of view, there are obvious advantages to introduce into the bivalve dredge fisheries more efficient and selective dredges in order to reduce the number of damaged individuals and by-catch, and consequently decreasing the impact on the macrobenthic communities.
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Ouwerkerk, M. R., P. R. H. Verbeek, and T. Schut. "A NEW TOOL FOR LARGE-SCALE OIL COMBAT." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 1995, no. 1 (February 1, 1995): 855B—857. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-1995-1-855b.

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ABSTRACT Trailing suction hopper dredges maintain ports and their entrance channels around the world. Several of these dredges have already operated as oil spill cleanup vessels as a secondary assignment. Different types of available oil spill response systems were applied. Recent developments allow these dredges to use their own dredge pumps, making these vessels by far the largest capacity oil spill cleanup vessels available in the world. The add-on system requires no modifications of the vessel and a relatively low investment. Tests have documented very good performance.
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Alessi, Marissa A., Peter G. Chirico, Sindhuja Sunder, and Kelsey L. O’Pry. "Detection and Monitoring of Small-Scale Diamond and Gold Mining Dredges Using Synthetic Aperture Radar on the Kadéï (Sangha) River, Central African Republic." Remote Sensing 15, no. 4 (February 7, 2023): 913. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15040913.

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Diamond and gold mining has been practiced by artisanal miners in the Central African Republic (CAR) for decades. The recent introduction of riverine dredges indicates a transition from artisanal/manual digging and sorting techniques to small-scale mining methods. This study implements a remote sensing analysis of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data to map gold and diamond dredges operating on the Kadéï (Sangha) river in the CAR. Riverine vessels are identified in Sentinel-1 SAR data between 2015 and 2019, and their activity levels are mapped over time. The number of active dredges identified on the river increased over the five years studied, with the largest increase occurring between 2016 and 2017. Detailing a method for mapping and monitoring riverine diamond and gold dredge mining is an important step in keeping up with evolving technologies and new areas of mineral exploitation and in helping address concerns over resource governance in remote and conflict-prone terrain. The use of SAR technology, with its weather-independence, broad coverage, and available wavelength combinations, allows for higher temporal resolution and improved vessel detection in the monitoring of small-scale mining (SSM) dredges.
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Currie, David R., and Gregory D. Parry. "Impacts and efficiency of scallop dredging on different soft substrates." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 56, no. 4 (April 1, 1999): 539–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f98-194.

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Impacts of scallop dredges and their efficiency were examined experimentally in three areas with different soft substrates in Port Phillip Bay, southeastern Australia. Physical and biological changes were measured on large (600 × 600 m) experimental plots that were dredged with an intensity and duration similar to normal fishing operations. Dredges were most efficient on soft, flat, muddy sediments (51-56% of commercial-sized scallops caught) and least efficient on firm, sandy sediments with more topographic variation (38-44%). Dredging flattened all plots, but changes to topography were most apparent on plots dominated initially by callianassid mounds. Dredges caught predominantly the scallop Pecten fumatus, and damage to bycatch species was slight, except for high mortality rates (>50%) of spider crabs and the probable mortality of many discarded ascidians. Changes to benthic community structure caused by scallop dredging were small compared with differences between study areas, and even marked reductions in the size and longevity of scallops over the last two decades may not be due entirely to dredging. The recent cancellation of all scallop dredging licences offers a unique opportunity to determine the contribution of scallop dredging to ecological changes in the bay over the past 30 years.
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Vasconcelos, Paulo, António Morgado-André, Carlos Morgado-André, and Miguel B. Gaspar. "Shell strength and fishing damage to the smooth clam (Callista chione): simulating impacts caused by bivalve dredging." ICES Journal of Marine Science 68, no. 1 (October 8, 2010): 32–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsq149.

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Abstract Vasconcelos, P., Morgado-André, A., Morgado-André, C., and Gaspar, M. B. 2011. Shell strength and fishing damage to the smooth clam (Callista chione): simulating impacts caused by bivalve dredging. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 68: 32–42. The smooth clam Callista chione is exploited by a fleet of dredgers along the southwestern coast of Portugal and suffers from a high incidence of shell damage. The force required to break C. chione shells in relation to fishing impacts and dredge damage is quantified. Fishing trials and shell-strength measurements (compression and compaction experiments) were performed to determine whether shell damage was attributable to the direct impact of the dredge teeth or to sediment compaction. A three-dimensional model of C. chione was subjected to simulated force by the finite element method. Analyses of damage areas and breakage patterns revealed two groups of samples, one containing the samples from compression experiments and another with the samples from dredging and compaction experiments, suggesting that most shell damage was attributable to compaction within the sediment. Information is provided to help improve the design of bivalve dredges, by increasing both length and angle of the dredge teeth, which would reduce the compaction force and distribute it differentially within the sediment, forcing upward movement of the bivalves.
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Greene, Paul, George Follett, and Clint Henker. "Munitions and Dredging Experience on the United States Coast." Marine Technology Society Journal 43, no. 4 (October 1, 2009): 127–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/mtsj.43.4.2.

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AbstractA number of dredging projects have unknowingly and unfortunately encountered munitions and explosives of concern (MEC). MEC have been discovered on dredges (e.g., in dragheads, cutterheads, pump casings) and at the dredged material placement site. Detonations have occurred that have either damaged the dredge plant or have even sunk the dredging vessel. A number of recent dredging projects have proactively addressed MEC issues before the start of construction, thereby greatly reducing overall risk and MEC cleanup costs. This paper explains common dredging equipment, discusses techniques useful in reducing the inherent risks of dredging in sediments containing MEC, and discusses lessons learned during various dredging projects involving MEC.Application of MEC avoidance and exclusion techniques during dredging operations is minor compared to the enormous cost of post-dredging MEC cleanup. Most importantly, it is possible to avoid exposing the public to explosive safety hazards and minimize those to workers with proper planning and execution.
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Thorarinsdóttir, Gudrun G., Larry Jacobson, Stefan Áki Ragnarsson, Elena Guijarro Garcia, and Karl Gunnarsson. "Capture efficiency and size selectivity of hydraulic clam dredges used in fishing for ocean quahogs (Arctica islandica): simultaneous estimation in the SELECT model." ICES Journal of Marine Science 67, no. 2 (September 23, 2009): 345–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsp236.

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AbstractThorarinsdóttir, G. G., Jacobson, L., Ragnarsson, S. Á., Garcia, E. G., and Gunnarsson, K. 2010. Capture efficiency and size selectivity of hydraulic clam dredges used in fishing for ocean quahogs (Arctica islandica): simultaneous estimation in the SELECT model. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 67: 345–354. Estimates of capture efficiency and size selectivity for commercial dredges are important in estimating stock biomass and setting catch limits for the ocean quahog off Iceland and the United States. Ocean quahogs are long-lived, slow-growing, and sensitive to overharvest resulting from poor estimates of capture efficiency and stock biomass. Capture efficiency and size selectivity were estimated simultaneously in mixed-effect SELECT models using diver and commercial dredge experiment data from the shallow-water habitats off Iceland. Estimated capture efficiency for the commercial dredge E = 92% (CV = 8%) was high for large [107.5 mm shell length (SL)] ocean quahogs. Size selectivity followed an ascending logistic curve, with L50 = 70.5 mm SL (CV 4%), a selectivity range of 17.6 mm SL, and substantial variability among experimental dredge tows. Estimated capture efficiency was higher than that for ocean quahogs in US waters, possibly because of the deep habitats off the United States or uncertainty about dredge position during US depletion experiments. Scaling maximum selectivity from the SELECT model to one reduces correlations between size-selectivity and capture-efficiency parameters and may enhance the utility of selectivity estimates in stock assessment modelling. Our experimental and modelling approach may be useful for studies with other non-mobile benthic species.
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Veale, L. O., A. S. Hill, S. J. Hawkins, and A. R. Brand. "Distribution and damage to the by-catch assemblages of the northern Irish Sea scallop dredge fisheries." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 81, no. 1 (February 2001): 85–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315401003435.

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The major by-catch species retained during twice yearly dredge surveys of great scallop, Pecten maximus, and queen scallop, Aequipecten opercularis, (both Mollusca: Pectinidae) populations on 13 fishing grounds in the northern Irish Sea, over a period of five years, were identified and enumerated. Additionally, the damage sustained by the by-catch was assessed and related to a range of physical parameters recorded during the survey. A number of species captured in the spring-toothed dredges exhibited differences in abundance and damage sustained between years, and also between the start and end of the closed season for great scallop fishing (1 June–31 October). The by-catch assemblage varied geographically, dependent upon the underlying community structure, as well as putative factors including gear efficiency and substratum type. Two clear assemblage types were identified by multivariate analysis, one to the south-west of the Isle of Man, the other covering fishing grounds to the north, east and south of the island. There is a hierarchy of species sensitivity to damage in great and queen scallop dredges, probably related to morphological and behavioural characteristics. This selective mortality of a fraction of the community may have long-term implications at the ecosystem level. The degree of damage sustained by many species is related to both the volume of stones retained in the dredge, and the total volume of the catch (dredge fullness). If these were reduced, the overall magnitude of incidental by-catch mortality would be lower.
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Malanga, G. "The French Dredges." Literary Imagination 4, no. 3 (January 1, 2002): 436–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/litimag/4.3.436.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Dredges"

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Glover, Gordon Jason. "Laboratory modeling of hydraulic dredges and design of dredge carriage for laboratory facility : a thesis." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/3051.

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The deepening and maintenance of the world's ports and navigable waterways has been an integral part of the world economy for centuries. In recent years, cutterhead and draghead hydraulic suction dredges have performed a majority of the dredging work. The ongoing design and testing of hydraulic dredges is important for maintaining efficient dredging operations within the limits set by increasing environmental regulations. The high cost of building and operating a hydraulic dredge makes field testing of full-scale prototypes very expensive and time consuming. Moreover, the testing conditions are generally difficult to control, and the natural unpredictability of the sea can render experimental results inconclusive. These factors substantiate the need for laboratory model testing of hydraulic dredging operations. The usefulness of any hydraulic model depends on the degree of geometric, kinematic, and dynamic similarity between the model and its prototype. The primary challenge in establishing useful similitude criteria for model dredge studies is proper kinematic scaling of the suction inlet velocity, average particle settling velocity, dredge swing velocity, and cutter rotational speed. Despite the inherent challenges, model studies of hydraulic dredge equipment have proven useful for obtaining qualitative results. The new Coastal Engineering Laboratory at Texas A&M University is equipped with model dredge testing facilities ideal for performing such experiments. The tow/dredge carriage has a fully adjustable dredge ladder, a 14.9 kW (20 hp) cutter drive, and a 2.54 cm (3 in) dredge pump. A Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) provides computer numerical control and real-time data collection and analysis during model dredging operations. The purpose of this thesis is to investigate scaling relationships for hydraulic dredge model studies and to design a model dredge carriage for the new laboratory facilities recently constructed at the Texas A&M University College Station campus. Pursuant to the design of the new dredge modeling facilities, a rationale for scaling the model dredge operating parameters based on previous model studies is put forward. Examples of model studies that could be performed with the proposed facilities are discussed as well as how the scaling methodology is applied to each experiment to allow the quantitative interpretation of experimental data.
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Adair, Robert Fletcher. "Estimating production and cost for clamshell mechanical dredges." Thesis, Texas A&M University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/1536.

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Clamshell dredges are used around the United States for both navigational and environmental dredging projects. Clamshell dredges are extremely mobile and can excavate sediment over a wide range of depths. The object of this thesis is to develop a methodology for production and cost estimation for clamshell dredge projects. There are current methods of predicting clamshell dredge production which rely on production curves and constant cycle times. This thesis calculates production estimation by predicting cycle time which is the time required to complete one dredge cycle. By varying the cycle time according to site characteristics production can be predicted. A second important component to predicting clamshell dredge production is bucket fill factor. This is the percent of the bucket that will fill with sediment depending on the type of soil being excavated. Using cycle time as the basis for production calculation a spreadsheet has been created to simplify the calculation of production and project cost. The production calculation also factors in soil type and region of the United States. The spreadsheet is capable of operating with basic site characteristics, or with details about the dredge, bucket size, and region. Once the production is calculated the project cost can be determined. First the project length is found by dividing the total amount of sediment that is to be excavated by the production rate. Once the project length is calculated the remainder of the project cost can be found. The methods discussed in this thesis were used to calculate project cost for 5 different projects. The results were then compared to estimates by the government and the actual cost of the project. The government estimates were an average of 39% higher than the actual project cost. The method discussed in this thesis was only 6% higher than the actual cost.
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Milleville, Kelli A. "Twine-Top Modifications of Sea-Scallop Dredges: Reducing Yellowtail-Flounder Bycatch." W&M ScholarWorks, 2008. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539617874.

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Rudders, David B. "A Comparison of Size Selectivity and Relative Efficiency of Sea Scallop Trawls and Dredges." W&M ScholarWorks, 1999. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539617978.

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Marquardt, Lisa [Verfasser]. "Looking Beyond The Dredges : The Consideration of Alternatives in the Planning and Approval of Port Development in Germany and New Zealand / Lisa Marquardt." Baden-Baden : Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1107604052/34.

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Jakku, Emma, and n/a. "Murky Waters? Science, Politics and Environmental Decision-Making in the Brisbane River Dredging Dispute." Griffith University. Australian School of Environmental Studies, 2004. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20040810.131650.

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Environmental sociology and the sociology of scientific knowledge provide a strong theoretical foundation for investigating the role of science in environmental disputes. The field of environmental dispute resolution has built a body of literature, outlining the techniques and practices that underpin the successful resolution of disputes, over controversial environmental issues. However, the literature on dispute resolution has generally neglected the role of science in environmental disputes. This thesis develops a theoretical framework based on concepts from environmental sociology and the sociology of scientific knowledge in order to critically examine the role of science in environmental disputes. In particular, this thesis combines the theory on claims-making from environmental sociology with actor-network theory and the theory on boundary-work from the sociology of scientific knowledge, to analyse the way in which science was involved in the dispute over phasing out extractive dredging from the Brisbane River. Data were collected from qualitative in-depth interviews with key players in the Brisbane River dredging dispute and combined with analysis of relevant documents and newspaper articles. Each of the components of the theoretical framework developed in this thesis contributes to an in-depth analysis of the way in which science was involved in the dredging dispute. The environmental claims-making analysis examines the way in which the claim that extractive dredging was an environmental problem for the Brisbane River was constructed and contested. The actor-network analysis compares the two competing actor-networks that were developed by one of the major concrete companies and by the anti-dredging campaigners. The boundary-work analysis examines the social construction of the science / politics border as an important site of boundary-work, before exploring other related forms of boundary-work within the case study. When combined, these theories highlight the social and political processes that underpin the inherent difficulties associated with applying science to effective environmental dispute resolution. The theoretical framework developed in this thesis highlights the way in which an analysis of environmental claims-making, actor-networks and boundary-work, extends the literature on environmental dispute resolution. This thesis therefore makes a significant contribution to the field of environmental dispute resolution, by illustrating the advantages of drawing on theoretical perspectives from environmental sociology and the sociology of scientific knowledge.
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Jakku, Emma. "Murky Waters? Science, Politics and Environmental Decision-Making in the Brisbane River Dredging Dispute." Thesis, Griffith University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/366055.

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Environmental sociology and the sociology of scientific knowledge provide a strong theoretical foundation for investigating the role of science in environmental disputes. The field of environmental dispute resolution has built a body of literature, outlining the techniques and practices that underpin the successful resolution of disputes, over controversial environmental issues. However, the literature on dispute resolution has generally neglected the role of science in environmental disputes. This thesis develops a theoretical framework based on concepts from environmental sociology and the sociology of scientific knowledge in order to critically examine the role of science in environmental disputes. In particular, this thesis combines the theory on claims-making from environmental sociology with actor-network theory and the theory on boundary-work from the sociology of scientific knowledge, to analyse the way in which science was involved in the dispute over phasing out extractive dredging from the Brisbane River. Data were collected from qualitative in-depth interviews with key players in the Brisbane River dredging dispute and combined with analysis of relevant documents and newspaper articles. Each of the components of the theoretical framework developed in this thesis contributes to an in-depth analysis of the way in which science was involved in the dredging dispute. The environmental claims-making analysis examines the way in which the claim that extractive dredging was an environmental problem for the Brisbane River was constructed and contested. The actor-network analysis compares the two competing actor-networks that were developed by one of the major concrete companies and by the anti-dredging campaigners. The boundary-work analysis examines the social construction of the science / politics border as an important site of boundary-work, before exploring other related forms of boundary-work within the case study. When combined, these theories highlight the social and political processes that underpin the inherent difficulties associated with applying science to effective environmental dispute resolution. The theoretical framework developed in this thesis highlights the way in which an analysis of environmental claims-making, actor-networks and boundary-work, extends the literature on environmental dispute resolution. This thesis therefore makes a significant contribution to the field of environmental dispute resolution, by illustrating the advantages of drawing on theoretical perspectives from environmental sociology and the sociology of scientific knowledge.
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Australian School of Environmental Studies
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Gurriet, Philippe C. (Philippe Charles). "Geochemistry of Hawaiian dredged lavas." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/54327.

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Hossain, Abdul Siddik. "Improvement of Dredged Sediments : A laboratory study on dredged sediments with different types of binders." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-65019.

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tabilization and solidification (S/S) technique have been the most frequently used method for dredgedsediment improvement in Sweden and worldwide. As dredging activities are essential for safe navigationof ships and vessels that may processes harmful substances or organic pollutants to causecontamination of the surrounding environment. Stabilization/solidification technology has beenidentified as the most beneficial handling strategy for contaminated dredged sediments and treatedstabilized materials can be used in civil engineering applications (e.g. backfill or embankment). This (S/S)technique is the easiest way of improving high water content dredged sediments using different types ofbinders. During the stabilization process, dredged sediments are mixed with commonly used binders,such as Portland cement, fly ash and ground granulated blast furnace slag (Merit 5000). Nowadays,supplementary cementitous materials such as (fly ash and blast furnace slag) are being used increasinglyconsidering long term strength development of stabilized dredged materials instead of using morecement. Generally, cement hydration is a complex chemical-reactions. By addition of supplementarycementitious materials, it becomes more complex because of cement hydration and pozzolanicreactions. The overall objective of this thesis work is to improve the understanding of compressibilityand strength behavior of stabilized dredged materials. To achieve these objectives, a series ofunconfined compressive strength tests and consolidation tests were performed on stabilized dredgedmaterials (SDM) with different types and mixing ratios of binders. These lab tests have been focused onthe compressibility and strength properties of stabilized materials. The UCS test determines the amountof binders and curing time needed to achieve the required shear strength of SDM. The outcomes of thisthesis work show that the stabilized dredged sediments constitute of binder mixing ratio (Cement:Flyash:Merit 5000 as a proportion of 10:10:5) which is 25% of the total fresh dredged sediments can’tsustain any superstructure or surcharge load but it can only be used as backfill materials on site.Whereas, stabilized dredged material with binder mixing ratio (Cement:Fly ash:Merit 5000 as aproportion of 20:20:10) which is 50% of the total fresh dredged Sediment becomes stiff after 28 dayscuring and becomes very stiff after 91 days curing. It becomes obvious that the unconfined compressivestrength of SDM increases with higher amount of binders and longer curing time. The pozzolanicreaction continues after 28 days curing period. The presence of supplementary cementitous materials(fly ash, blast furnace slag and merit 5000) can improve the ductility of stabilized dredged materials(SDM) in the post-peak strength degradation zone without changing the unconfined compressivestrength. It is also obvious from the test results that the UCS values of stabilized dredged materialsincrease with decreasing moisture content/increasing bulk density. The consolidation properties of SDMare greatly influenced by the binder mixing ratio, curing time and preloading weight. Due to preloadingweight, the deformation in stabilized dredge sediments is irreversible because of cementation andpozzolanic effects. Considering both curing time and binder ratio, compression index (Cc) and swellingindex (Cs) values for SDM with binder ratio (20:20:10) have been lowered approximately by 75% and67%, respectively than SDM with binder ratio (10:10:5). After 91 days curing of SDM with binder ratio(20:20:10), the maximum value of tangent modulus is estimated about 9624 kPa which indicates thatthe superstructure can be erected on stabilized dredged materials. It is also concluded that physicochemicalvariables control the consolidation behavior of stabilized dredge materials (SDM) as thecoefficient of consolidation (Cv) value decreases with increasing consolidation pressure.
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Smith, Stanley Jarrell II. "Fine Sediment Dynamics in Dredge Plumes." W&M ScholarWorks, 2011. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539616859.

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The research presented in this study is motivated by the need to improve predictions of transport and fate of cohesive sediments suspended during dredging operations. Two techniques are presented to quantify vertical sediment flux within dredge plumes. A mass-balance approach using an Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) is described and demonstrated to accurately estimate vertical mass flux and settling velocity for a suspension of fine sand from a dredged material placement operation. A new digital video settling column for simultaneous measurement of particle size and settling velocity is described and evaluated. The Particle Imaging Camera System (PICS) is a single-chambered, digital video settling column, which permits rapid acquisition (within 2--3 minutes) of image sequences within dredge plumes. Image analysis methods are presented, which provide improved estimates of particle size, settling velocity, and inferred particle density. A combination of Particle Tracking Velocimetry (PTV) and Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) techniques is described, which permits general automation of image analysis collected from video settling columns. In the fixed image plane, large particle velocities are determined by PTV and small particle velocities are tracked by PIV and treated as surrogates for fluid velocities. The large-particle settling velocity (relative to the suspending fluid) is determined by the vector difference of the large and small particle settling velocities. The combined PTV/PIV image analysis approach is demonstrated for video settling column data collected within a mechanical dredge plume in Boston Harbor. The automated PTV/PIV approach significantly reduces uncertainties in measured settling velocity and inferred floc density. Size, settling velocities, and density of suspended sediments were measured with PICS within a trailing suction hopper dredge plume in San Francisco Bay. Results indicated that suspended sediments within the plume were predominantly in the clay and fine silt size classes, as aggregates with d>30 microm. Suspended bed aggregates (defined by densities of 1200 to 1800 kg m-3) represented 0.2--0.5 of total suspended mass, and size and settling velocity of this class were time invariant. Flocs (densities<1200 kg m-3) represented 0.5 to 0.8 of total suspended mass, and size and settling velocity of flocs was seen to increase with time. The peak diameter of bed aggregates and flocs occurred near 90 microm and 200 microm, respectively, corresponding to peak settling velocities of about 1 mm s-1 in each case. Floc settling velocities increased with particle size d1.1, while bed aggregate settling velocity increased like d1.3. Numerical modeling approaches to representing settling velocities for hopper dredge plumes are discussed in light of the experimental findings. Size-dependant settling velocities were well-described by a fractal-based relationship when the suspension was treated with discrete classes for each of the aggregate states. Time-dependent increases in floc size and settling velocity confirm that flocculation is a first-order process which should be included in numerical plume models. Correlations between settling velocity and suspended sediment concentration were weak and statistically insignificant, implying that commonly applied empirical relationships are inappropriate for dredge plumes.
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Books on the topic "Dredges"

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A, Vlasov A. Tekhnicheskai͡a︡ ėkspluatat͡s︡ii͡a︡ dnouglubitelʹnogo flota. 3rd ed. Moskva: "Transport", 1986.

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Dumbauld, Brett R. Mitigation for estimated juvenile Dungeness crab loss due to test of hopper dredging with sidecast disposal in Willapa Bay, Washington: Final report, June 10, 1998. Olympia, WA: Washington Dept. of Fish and Wildlife, Fish Program, Willapa Bay Field Station, 1999.

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Dumbauld, Brett R. Mitigation for estimated juvenile Dungeness crab loss due to test of hopper dredging with sidecast disposal in Willapa Bay, Washington: Final report, June 10, 1998. Olympia, WA: Washington Dept. of Fish and Wildlife, Fish Program, Willapa Bay Field Station, 1999.

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Dumbauld, Brett R. Mitigation for estimated juvenile Dungeness crab loss due to test of hopper dredging with sidecast disposal in Willapa Bay, Washington: Final report, June 10, 1998. Olympia, WA: Washington Dept. of Fish and Wildlife, Fish Program, Willapa Bay Field Station, 1999.

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Turner, Thomas M. Fundamentals of hydraulic dredging. 2nd ed. New York, N.Y: ASCE Press, 1996.

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Whiteaves, Joseph Frederick. On recent deep sea dredging operations in the Gulf of St. Lawrence. [S.l: s.n., 1987.

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Canadian Society of Civil Engineers., ed. The hydraulic dredge "J. Israel Tarte". [Montréal?: s.n., 1991.

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Canadian Society of Civil Engineers., ed. The dredging fleet of Montreal Harbour. [Montréal?: s.n., 1991.

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Yell, Denis. Dredging. London: T. Telford, 1995.

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Canadian Society of Civil Engineers., ed. The 20-inch hydraulic dredge "King Edward". [Montréal?: s.n., 1991.

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Book chapters on the topic "Dredges"

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Gaspar, Miguel B., and Luís M. Chícharo. "Modifying Dredges to Reduce By-catch and Impacts on the Benthos." In By-catch Reduction in the World’s Fisheries, 95–140. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6078-6_5.

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Förstner, U., and W. Salomons. "Dredged Materials." In Pollution of the North Sea, 225–45. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73709-1_14.

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Lolli, Ilaria. "The management of dredged materials: the «long and winding road» from waste to resource." In Proceedings e report, 259–69. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-147-1.26.

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Both the dredging operations and the management of dredged materials may have heavy impacts on coastal and marine ecosystems. Dredged materials, in particular, have been considered for a very long time nothing more than a waste meant for disposal. Now the time has come to move from the ‘disposal approach’ to the ‘waste recovery’ or, even better, to the ‘waste can be a non-waste’ ones. Unfortunately, the management of dredged materials is committed to a congeries of rules, which build up a framework of law that appears plainly fragmentary and incoherent. The road is still long (and winding).
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Koroglu, Aysun. "Dredge and Fill." In Encyclopedia of Estuaries, 204. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-8801-4_216.

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Ippel, Pieter. "Commentary: Dredgers on Land." In European Business Ethics Cases in Context, 141–45. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9334-9_14.

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Calmano, Wolfgang. "Stabilization of Dredged Mud." In Environmental Management of Solid Waste, 80–98. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61362-3_5.

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"Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis." In Looking Beyond The Dredges, 1–22. Nomos, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/9783845257792_1.

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"The assessment of alternatives during planning and consenting in New Zealand." In Looking Beyond The Dredges, 191–264. Nomos, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/9783845257792_191.

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"Introduction." In Looking Beyond The Dredges, 23–28. Nomos, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/9783845257792_23.

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"Comparison, conclusions and recommendations." In Looking Beyond The Dredges, 265–378. Nomos, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/9783845257792_265.

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Conference papers on the topic "Dredges"

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Clarke, Douglas, Charles Dickerson, and Kevin Reine. "Characterization of Underwater Sounds Produced by Dredges." In Third Specialty Conference on Dredging and Dredged Material Disposal. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40680(2003)64.

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Ikemoto, Yusuke, and Kosuke Sekiyama. "Optimal regulator dredges underlying modularity in Input-outputs." In 2012 International Symposium on Micro-NanoMechatronics and Human Science (MHS). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mhs.2012.6492421.

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Howell, Gary L., and K. C. Clark. "Real-Time Computation of Economic Load for Hopper Dredges." In Third Specialty Conference on Dredging and Dredged Material Disposal. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40680(2003)126.

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Xu, Xiaojian, Xinping Yan, Chenxing Sheng, and Xincong Zhou. "Improving Reliability of Mechanical Equipment in Dredgers Based on Wear Control Methods." In ASME 2015 34th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2015-42418.

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As the main equipment of channel and port construction, the reliability of dredgers has a significant effect on providing the frequent and regular maintenance for the marine transport systems. However, the dredger is prone to damage extremely especially the wear fault due to its complex structure with various mechanical equipment and harsh working environment such as the silt-carrying conditions. In this paper, the tribological systems of dredgers were analyzed in detail based on AHP and based on the analysis, the framework of wear control methods for dredgers was proposed. A series of wear control methods were taken including online wear condition monitoring and wear self-repairing to ensure the reliable operation of the dredger. The effects of the wear control measures for dredgers were evaluated and it proved that all the measures taken in this paper are effective to improve the reliability of the mechanical equipment in dredgers.
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Fernando, V., and A. V. Sonawane. "Design Improvements in Box Dredges To Enhance the Collection of Manganese Nodules." In Offshore Technology Conference. Offshore Technology Conference, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/6566-ms.

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Cheng, Xuejun, Youchuan Wan, and Bo Cao. "Identification of sand dredges in Yangtze River based on ASAR remote sensing data." In 2009 17th International Conference on Geoinformatics. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/geoinformatics.2009.5293528.

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Seagren, Eric H. "Latest Developments in Small Hydraulic Dredges for Contaminated Sediment Removal in the USA." In Third Specialty Conference on Dredging and Dredged Material Disposal. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40680(2003)4.

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Cao, Bo, Shengmei Yang, and Song Ye. "Recognition of sand dredges in the Changjiang River based on ASAR remote sensing data." In Sixth International Symposium on Multispectral Image Processing and Pattern Recognition, edited by Tianxu Zhang, Bruce Hirsch, Zhiguo Cao, and Hanqing Lu. SPIE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.830705.

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Fitzmaurice, S. J., S. E. Williams, R. H. Moore, and J. R. Moir. "Construction of Steep, Sloped Underwater Berms by Bottom Dumping Using Trailer Suction Hopper Dredges." In Offshore Technology Conference. Offshore Technology Conference, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/4921-ms.

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Sarkar, Sritama, Neil Bose, and Mridul Sarkar. "Measurement Techniques for Full Scale Test of a Submersible Walking Dredger/ Miner." In SNAME 27th American Towing Tank Conference. SNAME, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/attc-2004-015.

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The use of surface floating dredgers in deep inland reservoirs, shelf areas and tidal inlets is limited by several operational restrictions and mobilization problems. Deployment of small, modular, autonomous to semi-autonomous submersible dredgers/ miners in these areas is expected to reduce the operational and mobilization constraints. Most of the existing submersible dredgers/ miners use tracks for locomotion on submerged ground. Legged locomotion is however favored in these natural unstructured terrains. A small, modular, walking submersible dredger/ miner is designed and a prototype is under construction. Prediction of the major design parameters of such a system requires a mathematical model integrating the processes of excavation, transportation of the excavated material and locomotion of the vehicle while moving on submerged ground. This paper gives a brief overview of the full scale tests to be performed with the prototype for validation of part of the mathematical model.
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Reports on the topic "Dredges"

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Rosati, James, and Timothy Welp. Case Studies: Monitoring Pipeline Dredges. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada367406.

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Havis, Robert N. Environmental Effects of Dredging: Sediment Resuspension by Selected Dredges. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada292644.

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Reine, Kevin J., Douglas G. Clarke, and Robert M. Engler. Entrainment by Hydraulic Dredges - A Review of Potential Impacts. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada358595.

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Thorsen, Richard, and Monica Chasten. Evaluation of Regional Sediment Management Actions Using Government Shallow Draft Dredges. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada583040.

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CORPS OF ENGINEERS VICKSBURG MS. FISHFATE: Population Dynamics Models to Assess Risks of Hydraulic Entrainment by Dredges. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada361304.

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Moore, David, Damarys Acevedo-Acevedo, and Philip Gidley. Application of clean dredged material to facilitate contaminated sediment source control. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/45342.

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Navigation channels, turning basins, and other US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE)–managed navigation infrastructure often serve as repositories for contaminated sediment from off-site sources. As much as 10% of the material that USACE dredges on an annual basis is contaminated such that it requires additional and more costly management (for example, rehandling and placement in managed confined disposal facilities). Presence of contaminated sediments constrain potential management options resulting in additional costs and opportunity loss from the inability to beneficially use the material. One potential solution is applying clean dredged material to stabilize and isolate contaminated sediment sources, preventing further transport and introduction to USACE-managed infrastructure. This document summarizes a comprehensive literature review of laboratory and field case studies relevant to using clean dredged material to isolate or stabilize contaminated sediments, focusing on the physical, chemical, and biological parameters critical to establishing its feasibility and long-term effectiveness. Potentially effective engineering control measures were also reviewed where erosion and site hydrodynamics are facilitating the transport of contaminated sediments to USACE-maintained navigation infrastructure. This literature review documents and summarizes those factors considered in establishing feasibility and long-term effectiveness of the approach as well as the applicable engineering tools employed and constraints encountered.
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Reine, Kevin J., Douglas Clarke, Charles Dickerson, and Geoff Wikel. Characterization of Underwater Sounds Produced by Trailing Suction Hopper Dredges During Sand Mining and Pump-out Operations. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada597877.

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Perkey, David W., Anthony M. Priestas, Jeffrey M. Corbino, Gary L. Brown, Michael A. Hartman, Danielle R. N. Tarpley, and Loung Phu V. Sediment Provenance Studies of the Calcasieu Ship Channel, Louisiana : A Synopsis Report. U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/44905.

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To maintain the navigability of the Calcasieu Ship Channel (CSC), the US Army Corps of Engineers annually dredges millions of cubic yards of sediment from the inland channel. To assess sources of channel shoaling, a previous study examined river and bankline erosion as inputs. Results from that study accounted for approximately 20% of dredged volumes. Through the support of the Regional Sediment Management Program, a follow-up investigation reviewed prior sediment budgets, identified potential missing sediment sources, modeled potential sediment pathways, and utilized geochemical fingerprinting to discern primary shoaling sources to the channel. The missing sediment sources from the original budget include coastally derived sediment from the Gulf of Mexico and terrestrially derived sediment from Lake Calcasieu and surrounding wetlands. Results from geochemical fingerprinting of various potential sediment sources indicate the Calcasieu River and the Gulf of Mexico are primary contributors of sediment to the CSC, and sediments sourced from bankline erosion, Lake Calcasieu bed, and interior wetlands are secondary in nature. These results suggest that engineering solutions to control shoaling in the CSC should be focused on sources originating from the Gulf of Mexico and river headwaters as opposed to Lake Calcasieu, channel banklines, and surrounding wetlands.
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Elko, Nicole, Katherine Brutsché, Quin Robertson, Michael Hartman, and Zhifei Dong. USACE Navigation Sediment Placement : An RSM Program Database (1998 – 2019). Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/44703.

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This US Army Corps of Engineers, Regional Sediment Management, technical note describes a geodatabase of federal coastal and inland navigation projects developed to determine the extent to which RSM goals have been implemented across the USACE at the project and district levels. The effort 1) quantified the volume of sediment dredged from federal navigation channels by both contract and USACE-owned dredges and 2) identified the placement type and whether sediment was placed beneficially. The majority of the dredging data used to populate the geodatabase were based on the USACE Dredging Information System DIS database, but when available, the geodatabase was expanded to include more detailed USACE district-specific data that were not included in the DIS database. Two datasets were developed in this study: the National Dataset and the District-Specific and Quality-Checked Dataset. The National Dataset is based on statistics extracted from the combined DIS Contract and Government Plant data. This database is a largely unedited database that combined two available USACE datasets. Due to varying degrees of data completeness in these two datasets, this study undertook a data refinement process to improve the information. This was done through interviews with the districts, literature search, and the inclusion of additional district-specific data provided by individual districts that often represent more detailed information on dredging activities. The District-Specific and Quality-Checked Database represents a customized database generated by this study. An interactive web-based tool was developed that accesses both datasets and displays them on a national map that can be viewed at the district or project scale.
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Gailani, Joseph, Burton Suedel, Andrew McQueen, Timothy Lauth, Ursula Scheiblechner, and Robert Toegel. Supporting bank and near-bank stabilization and habitat using dredged sediment : documenting best practices. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/44946.

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In-water beneficial use of dredged sediment provides the US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) the opportunity to increase beneficial use while controlling costs. Beneficial use projects in riverine environments include bank and near-bank placement, where sediments can protect against bank erosion and support habitat diversity. While bank and near-bank placement of navigation dredged sediment to support river-bank stabilization and habitat is currently practiced, documented examples are sparse. Documenting successful projects can support advancing the practice across USACE. In addition, documentation identifies data gaps required to develop engineering and ecosystem restoration guidance using navigation-dredged sediment. This report documents five USACE and international case studies that successfully applied these practices: Ephemeral Island Creation on the Upper Mississippi River; Gravel Island Creation on the Danube River; Gravel Bar Creation on the Tombigbee River; Wetland Habitat Restoration on the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta; and Island and Wetland Creation on the Lower Columbia River Estuary. Increased bank and near-bank placement can have multiple benefits, including reduced dredge volumes that would otherwise increase as banks erode, improved sustainable dredged sediment management strategies, expanded ecosystem restoration opportunities, and improved flood risk management. Data collected from site monitoring can be applied to support development of USACE engineering and ecosystem restoration guidance.
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