Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Drainer'
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Ghumrawi, Marwa Jamal. "Potential for Nitrogen Losses from On-Site Wastewater Treatment Systems on Poorly Drained Soils to Curtain Drains." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1471876488.
Full textToledo, De Leon Rogelio. "Predicting Hydrological Performance of Engineered (Curtain) Drains for On-Site Wastewater Treatment Systems Installed in Poorly Drained Soil." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1417713887.
Full textCastonguay, Normand G. "Premanufactured band shaped drains an analysis and evaluation of effective drain diameters of band shaped drains : results of full scale laboratory testing programme." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/4752.
Full textElghaib, Majid Kaissar. "Prediction and interpretation of piezocone data during undrained, drained and partially drained penetration." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/14357.
Full textLennoz-Gratin, Christiane. "Hydraulique à l'interface sol/drain : application à la prévision du risque de colmatage minéral des drains agricoles." Montpellier 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MON20240.
Full textLennoz-Gratin, Christiane Zaïdi Kader. "Hydraulique au voisinage du drain : méthodologie et premiers résultats : application au diagnostic du colmatage minéral des drains /." Antony : CEMAGREF-Direction de la communication et de la valorisation, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35494853c.
Full textBibliogr. p. 133-139. Résumé en français et en anglais.
Lennoz-Gratin, Christiane. "Hydraulique à l'interface sol-drain : application à la prévision du risque de colmatage minéral des drains agricoles /." Antony : Montpellier : CEMAGREF-DICOVA ; Université des sciences et techniques du Languedoc, 1991. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb36208121q.
Full textHeathwaite, A. L. "Chemical transformations in drained Fen peat." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.377351.
Full textSOTOMAYOR, JUAN MANUEL GIRAO. "EVALUATION OF DRAINED AND NON-DRAINED MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF IRON AND GOLD MINE TAILINGS REINFORCED WITH POLYPROPYLENE FIBERS." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2018. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=36102@1.
Full textCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO
PROGRAMA DE EXCELENCIA ACADEMICA
O presente trabalho estudou o comportamento de rejeitos de minério de ferro e de ouro, reforçados com fibras de polipropileno, com o objetivo da aplicabilidade destes compósitos em aterros (pilhas) de rejeitos de mineração. As fibras foram distribuídas de forma aleatória nos rejeitos (matriz) em um teor de 0.5 por cento em relação ao peso seco da matriz. Os rejeitos de minério de ferro e de ouro são classificados como uma areia siltosa e uma argila siltosa, respectivamente. O programa experimental consistiu em ensaios triaxiais convencionais drenados e não drenados (tensões efetivas de confinamento de 50, 100, 200 e 400 kPa) em amostras não reforçados e reforçados com fibras. Ensaios de cisalhamento direto com superfície polida (tensões normais de 25, 50, 100, 200 e 400 kPa) foram realizados para determinar a influência do reforço na fase residual dos compósitos. Ensaios de Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura (MEV) foram realizados para visualizar a interação fibra-matriz. A análise global dos resultados permitiu mostrar que fibras de polipropileno não modificam o comportamento elastoplástico do rejeito de minério de ferro, porém no rejeito de minério de ouro o comportamento muda para elastoplástico de enrijecimento. A resistência ao cisalhamento incrementou em ambos os rejeitos reforçados, com um ganho mínimo equivalente ao dobro da tensão cisalhante dos rejeitos sem reforço. Com relação à variação volumétrica, o rejeito de minério de ferro apresenta um comportamento dilatante e a adição de fibras incrementa esse comportamento. No rejeito de minério de ouro observa-se que a tendência volumétrica inicial é de contração e depois apresenta uma leve dilatância, porém, com a adição de fibras, o comportamento dilatante é eliminado. Em conclusão, a aplicabilidade das fibras de polipropileno se mostra como alternativa de reforço e melhoria do comportamento geotécnico dos rejeitos de mineração estudados.
The objective of this work is to study the behavior of iron and gold mine tailings reinforced with polypropylene fibers with the objective of the applicability of these composites in landfills (piles) of mine tailings. The fibers were randomly distributed in the mine tailings (matrix), where was used a content of 0.5 percent in relation to the dry weight of the matrix. The iron and gold mine tailings are classified as a silty sand and a silty clay, respectively. The experimental program consisted of conventional drained and undrained triaxial tests (effective confinement stresses of 50, 100, 200 and 400 kPa) in non-reinforced and reinforced samples. Direct shear tests with a polished surface (normal stresses of 25, 50, 100, 200 and 400 kPa) were performed to determine the influence of reinforcement on the residual phase of the composites. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) tests were performed to visualize the fiber-matrix interaction. The global analysis of the results allowed to show that polypropylene fibers do not modify the elastoplastic behavior of the iron mine tailings, but in the gold mine tailings the behavior changes to the strain hardening elastoplastic. Shear strength increased in both reinforced tailings, with a minimum gain equivalent to twice the shear stress of non-reinforced tailings. The strength parameters in the drained, undrained and residual condition of both mine tailings were increased with the addition of fiber. Regarding the volumetric variation, the iron mine tailings exhibits a dilative behavior and the fiber addition increases this behavior. In the gold mine tailings, it is observed that the initial volumetric tendency is contractive and then presents a slight dilatancy, however, with the fiber addition, the dilative behavior is eliminated. In conclusion, the applicability of the polypropylene fibers is showed as an alternative of reinforcement and improvement of the geotechnical behavior of the studied tailings.
Lacoul, Sriranjan. "Consolidated-drained shear-strength of unsaturated soil." Thesis, McGill University, 1986. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=66044.
Full textTobar, Moreno Franco, and G. Juan Carlos Andueza. "Draiper, dispositivo de rastreo e información personal." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2018. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/164103.
Full textTobar Moreno, Franco, [Parte I], Andueza G., Juan Carlos, [Parte II]
En los últimos años hemos visto como el desarrollo tecnológico ha acaparado las miradas de todos los usuarios de tecnologías. Todo el mundo recuerda como hace 10 años estábamos usando teléfonos análogos y hoy no cabe la idea de vivir sin un smartphone. La idea de utilizar esta dependencia tecnológica como medio para cuidar y proteger a nuestros seres queridos son la base de la oportunidad de negocio. La utilización de estos dispositivos para "atacar" la sensación de inseguridad reinante es el problema que se busca combatir. Chile es el país con mayor uso de internet de la región, llegando al 71,7% de la población y por tal razón parece muy atractivo desarrollar distintas tecnologías de información como en este caso, la Seguridad. Draiper es un novedoso sistema de monitoreo y comunicación que permite a los padres o tutores monitorear en línea el trayecto de sus seres queridos y comunicarse con ellos ante cualquier eventualidad a través del mismo dispositivo que posee, entre otras características, sistemas de Geolocalización, alertas de movimiento y velocidad, alertas de golpes, mensajes de texto y llamadas con o sin la intención de efectuarlas. un factor importante a destacar es el sistema que vincula diversos dispositivos como el corazón de producto porque vinculado al mismo, se pueden enlazar muchos dispositivos disponibles en el mercado. Se ha desarrollado un modelo de negocio similar al de las compañías de telefonía móvil en donde proponemos generar ingresos tanto por la venta de dispositivos como por el plan de conectividad mensual que se cobrará para tener el sistema de monitoreo activo. Este último elemento (plan mensual) generará el mayor porcentaje de los ingresos (90% aproximadamente) y por esta razón, es fundamental mantener una cartera de clientes con pocas fugas o de lo contrario el negocio se cae. La venta y distribución viene dada por canales indirectos donde por un lado está el retail que vende equipo prepago y por otro están los dealers, que venden enfocados en colegios y hogares de ancianos que el producto plan básico y full según sea la estrategia definida. Con un capital de MM$ 303, que considera la inversión inicial, puesta en marcha y capital de trabajo para sustentar la operación durante los primeros 22 meses, lograremos comenzar el mercadeo del producto generando flujos de cajas para auto sustentar la operación desde el segundo año en adelante y recuperar la inversión en solo 36 meses. En efecto, los ingresos netos de los 5 años de evaluación alcanzan los MM$ 12.361. Los beneficios económicos estimados superan los MM$ 303 en 5 años considerando un interés del 18% y logrando capturar progresivamente un 30% del mercado objetivo al cabo de este plazo considerando que el tamaño del mercado segmentado es de 110.405 usuarios los cuales físicamente se encuentran en las ciudades de Antofagasta, La Serena, Santiago, Rancagua, Viña de Mar, Valparaíso, Talca, Temuco, Concepción y Puerto Montt. El equipo que desarrolla el proyecto es especialista y multidisciplinario en las funciones claves de éxito del proyecto ya que dentro de la sociedad se cuenta con un ingeniero en informática quien ha desarrollado el sistema Draiper y es quien maneja la operación informática. Por otra parte, forma parte de la sociedad un Ingeniero Civil Industrial experto en administración y finanzas que se encarga del manejo y control de los recursos. Por último, el tercer socio capitalista es un Ingeniero comercial dedicado durante 15 años al desarrollo comercial de empresas ligadas al mundo de las telecomunicaciones y la tecnología. El convencimiento del éxito de este emprendimiento es total por la propuesta de valor diseñada y por la funcionalidad del dispositivo, del sistema y de la aplicación móvil la cual hemos probado durante más de 1 año teniendo certeza de su perfecto funcionamiento tanto en Chile como en el extranjero. Por tal motivo es que en el proyecto se contempla una estrategia de escalamiento que parte en las principales ciudades del Norte‐Centro de Chile, siguiendo con las ciudades del sur al segundo año con posibilidades de lanzarlo al extranjero posteriormente. Draiper es más que un sistema de seguridad, es un sistema innovador de geolocalización y comunicación con innumerables usos que permiten escalabilidad de negocios a otros ámbitos no evaluados en este proyecto.
Mangal, Jan Krishna. "Partially-drained loading of shallow foundations on sand." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1999. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:205bf0bc-b801-4648-a556-8dba0d113cba.
Full textKaushik, Adithya. "Development of Cleaning Robot for Trench Drains." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1573569385569481.
Full textEskelinen, R. (Riku). "Runoff generation and load estimation in drained peatland areas." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2017. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526214924.
Full textTiivistelmä Tämä väitöskirja käsittelee lumensulannasta syntyvää valuntaa erilaisilla turvemailla ja pintavalutuskentän puhdistustehoa lumensulannan aikaan turvetuontantoalueella. Lisäksi työssä pohditaan miten erilainen näytteenottoohjelma vaikuttaa turvetuotantoalueilta arvioituun kiintoaine kuormitukseen ja kehitetään yleiseen paikkatietoaineistoon perustuva malli jolla on mahdollista ennustaa pohjaveden purkatumispaikkoja harjualueilla. Routaisella turvetuotantoalueelta kiintoaineen, värin ja liuenneen orgaanisen hiilen pitoisuudet olivat pieniä lumensulannan aikaan. Työssä seurattu pintavalutuskenttä vähensi kiintoainekuormitusta alapuoliseen vesistöön myös lumensulannan ja syksyn aikana. Ravinteiden osalta pintavalutuskentän toiminta oli parasta kesäaikaan, lumensulannan ja syksyn aikana havaittiin typen ja fosforin huuhtoutumista. Eri näytteenotto-ohjelmilla havaittiin olevan suuri vaikutus arvioituun kuormitukseen. Yleisesti voidaan sanoa epävarmuuden kasvavan kohti harvempaa näytteenotto väliä (viikoittainen-kuukausittainen), mutta, myös viikoittaisella näytteenotolla epävarmuus on huomattava. Kehitettyä paikka- tietomallia kokeiltiin kahdella harjulla jossa se pystyi antamaan suuntaa antavaa arvioita pohjaveden purkautumispaikoista. Työn tuloksia voidaan hyödyntää turvetuotannon tai muiden turvemailla tai niiden lähellä sijaitsevien teollisuuden vesistövaikutuksia arvioitaessa. Esimerkiksi routaisella turvemaalla voitaisiin harkita lumensulannasta aiheituvan valunnan ohijuoksutusta vesiensuojelurakenteista. Työssä todettiin myös pintavalutuskenttien toimivan vaihtelevan kuormituksen alaisena, sekä lumensulannan että syksyn aikaan. Arvioiduissa kuormituksissa erinäytteenottoväleillä havaitut suuret epävarmuudet saattavat rajoittaa laskelmien käyttöä joissakin tarkoituksissa. Epävarmuutta voidaan vähentää käyttämällä hyväksi edellisinä vuosina tehtyjä vedenlaatumittauksia. Luotettavin tapa epävarmuuden vähentämiseksi on jatkuvatoimisten vedenlaatumittareiden käyttäminen
Rose, Michael. "Phosphorous dynamics in periodically flooded and drained riparian soils." Thesis, University of Reading, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367719.
Full textNapitupulu, Jonner. "The behaviour of silt under undrained and drained loading." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.254613.
Full textAli, Syed Mahtab. "Climate change and water management impacts on land and water resources." Thesis, Curtin University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/202.
Full textLannergård, Emma. "Drained land and nutrient transport in the river Svärtaå catchment." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för tema, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-69685.
Full textNatho-Jina, Sultana. "Measurements and analyses of runoff characteristics on subsurface drained farmlands." Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=65357.
Full textKay, Paul. "Fate of veterinary antibiotics on macroporous tile drained clay soils." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.414673.
Full textGong, Guobin. "DEM [Discrete Element Method] simulations of drained and undrained behaviour." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2008. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/143/.
Full textLuscombe, David John. "Understanding the ecohydrology of shallow, drained and marginal blanket peatlands." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/15967.
Full textFall, Claudia. "Microbial Contamination Assessment with SWAT in a Tile-Drained Rural Watershed." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/20057.
Full textMarttila, H. (Hannu). "Managing erosion, sediment transport and water quality in drained peatland catchments." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2011. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514293306.
Full textWehrle, Kathryn Marie. "Drained shear strength characteriestics of an argillaceous residuum from weathered mudstone." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/19905.
Full textMorris, Samantha Anne. "Molecular ecology of methane-oxidising bacteria in drained and flooded peat." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.269192.
Full textSchepper, Guillaume de. "Simulating surface water and groundwater flow dynamics in tile-drained catchments." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26532.
Full textTile drainage is a common agricultural management practice in plots prone to ponding issues. Drainage enhances crop productivity and reduces waterlogging risks. Studies over the last few decades have highlighted the significant contribution of subsurface drainage to catchments water balance and contamination issues related to manure or fertilizer application at the soil surface. Groundwater flow patterns associated with drainage are often unknown and their representation in numerical models, although powerful analysis tools, is still a major challenge. Before considering chemical species or sediment transport, an accurate water flow simulation is essential. The integrated fully-coupled hydrological HydroGeoSphere code was applied to two highly tile-drained agricultural catchments of Denmark (Lillebæk and Fensholt) in the present work. A first model was developed at the field scale from the Lillebæk catchment. A reference model was set and various drainage concepts and boundary conditions were tested in a 3.5 ha tile-drained area to find a suitable option in terms of model performance and computing time for larger scale modeling of complex drainage networks. Simulations suggested that a simplification of the geometry of the drainage network or using an equivalent-medium layer are suitable options for avoiding highly discretized meshes, but further model calibration is required. A catchment scale model was subsequently built in Fensholt, covering 6 km2 and including two complex drainage networks. The aim was to perform a year-round simulation accounting for variations in seasonal drainage flow. Both networks were simplified with the main collecting drains kept in the model, as suggested by the Lillebæk study. Calibration against hourly measured drainage discharge data was performed resulting in a good model performance. Drainage flow and flow dynamics were accurately simulated, with low cumulative error in drainage volume. The Fensholt case validated the Lillebæk test conclusions, allowing for further drainage modeling linked with transport issues.
Kim, Hyung Joon. "Drain Diverter." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2009. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/212.
Full textAli, Syed Mahtab. "Climate change and water management impacts on land and water resources." Curtin University of Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Computing, Dept. of Civil Engineering, 2007. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=18688.
Full textOne and 2 metre deep drains lowered the water table up to 0.9 and 1.8 metres in winter for the wet climate when there was no irrigation application. One metre deep drains proved effective in controlling water table during wet and average climate without application of irrigation water. One metre deep drains were more effective in controlling waterlogging a in wet, average and dry years when the irrigation application rate was 10 ML/ha-annum. With 16 ML/ha-annum irrigation application, 1 metre deep drains did not perform as efficiently as 2 metre deep drains in controlling the water table and waterlogging. In the dry climate scenario, without irrigation application, 1 metre deep drains were not required as there was not enough flux from rainfall and irrigation to raise the water table and create waterlogging risks. Two metre deep drains lowered the water table to greater depths in the wet, average and dry climate scenarios respectively when no irrigation was applied. They managed water table better in wet and average climate with 10 and 16 ML/ha-annum irrigation application rate. Again in the dry climate, without irrigation application 2 metre deep drains were not required as there was a minimal risk of waterlogging. The recharge to the groundwater table in the no drainage case was far greater than for the 1 and 2 metre deep drainage scenarios. The recharge was higher in case of 1 metre deep drains than 2 metre deep drains in wet and average climate during winter season.
There was no recharge to ground water with 1 and 2 metre deep drains under the dry climate scenarios and summer season without irrigation application as there was not enough water to move from the ground surface to the unsaturated and saturated zones. When 10 ML/ha-annum irrigation rate was applied during wet, average and dry climate respectively, 1 metre deep drains proved enough drainage to manage the recharge into the groundwater table with a dry climate. For the wet and average climate scenarios, given a 10 ML/ha-annum irrigation application rate, 2 metre deep drains managed recharge better than 1 metre deep drains. Two metres deep drains with a 10 ML/ha-annum irrigation application rate led to excessive drainage of water from the saturated zone in the dry climate scenario. Two metres deep drains managed recharge better with a 16 ML/ha-annum irrigation application rate in the wet and average climate scenarios than the 1 metre deep drains. Two metres deep drains again led to excessive drainage of water from the saturated zone in dry climate. In brief, 1 metre deep drains performed efficiently in the wet and average climate scenarios with and without a 10 ML/ha-annum irrigation application rate. One metre deep drains are not required for the dry climate scenario. Two metre deep drains performed efficiently in the wet and average climate scenarios with 16 ML/ha-annum irrigation application rate. Two metre deep drains are not required for the dry climate scenario.
Stylianides, Theodoros. "Highway filter drains maintenance management." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2017. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/27533.
Full textHe, Hongxing. "Modeling study of Nitrous Oxide emission from one drained organic forest ecosystem." Thesis, KTH, Mark- och vattenteknik, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-99341.
Full textEliadorani, Aliakbar. "The response of sands under partially drained states with emphasis on liquefaction." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0020/NQ48632.pdf.
Full textDeeks, Lynda Karen. "Investigations of preferential and matrix flow in a mole drained soil block." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/1925.
Full textLeiva, Daniella Escribano. "Evolution of stiffness and deformation of hostun sand under drained cyclic loading." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.659108.
Full textWallage, Zoe Elizabeth. "Dissolved organic carbon and colour dynamics in drained and restored blanket peat." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2007. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/377/.
Full textThen, Stephanie Rose. "A hydrologic assessment of surface ponding in a drained prairie pothole wetland." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2016. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/2154.
Full textBorta, Oxana. "Brain Drain Controversy." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-8370.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the widely acknowledged so-called brain drain controversy. More concretely on developments in the traditional brain drain literature towards a new shift, claiming the brain gain effect, as an alternative to the brain drain effect, that emigration may bring to a source country. The research investigates not only the obvious direct loss effects – the so called brain drain – but also the possibility of more subtle indirect beneficial effects.
Vice, President Research Office of the. "Down the Drain." Office of the Vice President Research, The University of British Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/2679.
Full textForos, Asimakis. "An investigation into the thermal behaviour of external insulation systems with drained cavities." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.435460.
Full textBousaïd-Finge, Zeina Doanh Thiep. "Contribution à l'étude du comportement non drainé des sables lâches surconsolidés et anisotropes." Villeurbanne : Doc'INSA, 2005. http://docinsa.insa-lyon.fr/these/pont.php?id=finge_bousaid.
Full textLeeds, Jennifer A. "Phosphorus sorption and flux in northern Everglades soil under drained and flooded conditions." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0013561.
Full textRasouli, Sogol. "Soluble and particulate nitrogen losses from tile drained fields in Southern Quebec, Canada." Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=119637.
Full textL'eutrophisation et les proliférations de cyanobactérie sont un problème croissant dans la Baie Missisquoi du Lac Champlain dans le sud du Québec. Celles-ci peuvent être largement imputées a une pollution en phosphore et azote (N) d'origine diffuse, provenant de terres agricoles dans les basins versants s'y déversant. L'azote résiduel du sol, qui demeure après la récolte, comprend des formes soluble et particulaires qui risquent d'être transportées des champs équipés d'une système de drainage souterrain vers les cours d'eau. Cette étude tenta d'identifier les sources d'azote soluble (principalement les nitrates; NO3-N) et d'azote organique particulaire (AOP) qui sont vulnérables aux pertes, et les voies de transport par lesquelles elles se rendent des champs agricoles équipés de systèmes de drainage souterrains aux eaux de surface. Des échantillons d'eau furent prélevés à l'exutoire du système de drainage souterrain de champs aux sols argileux ou sablonneux, à l'automne 2010, au printemps et à l'automne 2011, et au printemps 2012. Les concentrations en NO3-N et en AOP furent 1.3 et 1.1 plus élevées, respectivement, dans l'eau de drainage provenant du sol sablonneux que du sol argileux, Un suivi de l'électroconductivité du sol indiqua que l'écoulement préférentiel fut la principale voie des pertes en AOP dans le sol argileux. Le suivi d'isotopes stables (δ15N et δ18O) du NO3-N du sol et des eaux de drainage, en combinaison avec un modèle de combinaison, démontra que, dans les deux semaines après son épandage, l'engrais inorganique à base de NH4 contribua le plus au stock de NO3-N des eaux de drainage souterraines. Cependant, le NO3-N transformé par les microbes fut la principale source (40 à 49%) du NO3-N dans les eaux de drainage, lorsque les cultures étaient absentes. Or, 47% et 20% de l'AOP dans les eaux de drainage provint, respectivement, d'azote de fumier et d'azote des résidus de cultures ayant leur origine dans la couche arable du sol argileux, tandis que l'azote organique de la couche arable du sol sablonneux contribua 94% de l'AOP perdu. Plus particulièrement, le stock d'AOP de la couche arable contenait des complexes organominéraux riches en azote, qui se sont rendus au drains par des voies préférentielles d'écoulement. Une diminution des apports en NH4 provenant d'engrais, et une prise en compte des crédits d'azote associés au fumier et aux résidus de plantes légumineuses, pourrait réduire l'accumulation de NO3-N et d'azote organique, réduisant ainsi les pertes en NO3-N et AOP provenant de ces sources. Les techniques d'empreinte isotopique on donc permis de faire un suivi efficace des intrants azotées tout en générant de nouvelles connaissances sur la vulnérabilité des intrants azotées aux voies de perte et de transport. Celles-ci devront être considérées lors du choix et de la mise en œuvre de pratiques de gestion optimales dans le secteur agricole visant à réduire la pollution azotée diffuse.
Laperrière, Lucie. "L'essai d'un nettoyeur de drains hydraulique." Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61856.
Full textBurgess, Magdalena S. E. "Nitrate leaching from a subsurface-drained corn field under different tillage and residue levels." Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=55481.
Full textEastman, Mark 1982. "Field-scale nutrient transport monitoring and modeling of subsurface and naturally drained agricultural lands." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=112620.
Full textFour sites located in the Pike River watershed of southern Quebec were instrumented to monitor nutrient losses from both clay loam and sandy loam soils under both subsurface and naturally drained conditions. Results illustrate how the presence of subsurface drainage influences phosphorus loss depending on soil texture and structure. Total phosphorus loss from the clay loam subsurface drained site was 4.0 kg ha-1, 55% greater than the naturally drained clay loam site. Total phosphorus loss from the sandy loam subsurface drained site was 1.2 kg ha-1, 14% less than the naturally drained sandy loam site. Total phosphorus losses from the subsurface drainage systems in the clay loam field and the sandy loam field were 2.3 and 0.4 kg ha-1, respectively. Particulate phosphorus was the dominant (78%) form of phosphorus loss from the subsurface drainage system at the clay loam site. This indicates that bypass flow through the soil profile in the clay loam field led to excessive total phosphorus loss.
SWAT, a watershed-scale model was calibrated with over 6 site years of data, in an attempt to simulate hydrology and pollutant transport at the field-scale. After calibration, the monthly Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency varied from 0.09 to 0.74 for total drainage; 0.04 to 0.71 for sediment loading; 0.29 to 0.48 for nitrate loads and 0.28 to 0.64 for total phosphorus loads. Overall, SWAT has shown that it has the ability to simulate long-term sediment and nutrient transport at the field-scale. This makes SWAT a valuable tool for the development and evaluation of various beneficial management practices which control sediment and nutrient loss from agricultural fields.
Wells, E. Doyle. "The establishment and early growth of trees planted on drained peatlands in Newfoundland, Canada." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.295584.
Full textXiao, Daping. "Consolidation of soft clay using vertical drains /." Online version, 2001. http://bibpurl.oclc.org/web/26678.
Full text何旅碧 and Lui-pik Pinky Ho. "Effectiveness of horizontal drains in slope stability." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2008. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B40722375.
Full textHo, Lui-pik Pinky. "Effectiveness of horizontal drains in slope stability." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2008. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B40722375.
Full text應慧麗 and Wai-lai Winnie Ying. "The uncertainties of vertical drain design." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31222079.
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