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Hamburg, Sarah. "Resting-state EEG in adults with Down syndrome." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2018. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10048443/.
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Individuals with Down syndrome (DS) show a high degree of inter-subject variability in cognitive ability. Elucidating factors associated with variability in cognitive function can inform us about intellectual disability severity and potentially provide biomarkers of ability for clinical trials targeting cognition in individuals with DS (including trials aimed at preventing cognitive decline). Resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) can be used to obtain information about neural factors that may be underlying variability in cognitive function. This thesis uses eyes-open (EO; n=48) and eyes-closed (EC; n=36) resting-state EEG paradigms in adults with DS free from detectable signs of cognitive decline or dementia to identify EEG measures associated with general cognitive ability, and to investigate age-related changes in EEG activity in this population. Oscillations of interest were then modelled using dynamic causal modelling (DCM) to identify potential neurophysiological mechanisms underlying individual differences in general cognitive ability. Initial analysis suggested that individuals with DS have an overall slower EC EEG spectrum (and particularly strong differences in alpha activity) compared to typically-developing age-matched control subjects (open source control dataset used). Within individuals with DS, increasing age was associated with EEG changes in both paradigms. When controlling for age, higher general cognitive ability was associated with higher delta power (EO only), higher theta power (EC only), and higher alpha peak amplitude (EC only). Modelling the theta-alpha network identified “intrinsic self-inhibition” as the most important neurophysiological parameter underlying the relationship between theta-alpha activity and general cognitive ability in this sample. Further analysis revealed a strong inverse relationship between occipital intrinsic self-inhibition and general cognitive ability. Findings of this thesis enhance our understanding of neural factors associated with individual differences in general cognitive ability in adults with DS, provide a potential biomarker of ability for clinical trials, and indicate potential targets for cognitive enhancement in this population. The finding that increased inhibition may be associated with cognitive impairment in this population is in keeping with animal model literature and warrants further investigation.
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Bartram, Julian. "Synaptic plasticity during cortical up-down state oscillatory activity." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:4c86eb98-6b51-42bd-a818-756922df480d.
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The functions of sleep are diverse and still poorly understood, but a strong effect on cognition is evident. An impressive number of studies suggest that particularly deep sleep, with characteristic cortical slow-wave activity, mediates some important beneficial effects on learning and memory, such as memory consolidation and integration. In the light of this, it is surprising how little we know about the specific rules of synaptic plasticity associated with characteristic activity patterns of different sleep stages. Therefore, using whole-cell recordings from single or synaptically coupled principal cells and two-photon Ca2+ imaging of dendritic spines, I explored how the ongoing network state might promote activity-dependent synaptic plasticity in an in vitro model of the medial entorhinal cortex. This experimental setup allowed precise control over Up-Down state oscillations (cellular membrane potential fluctuations associated with slow-wave activity) - a methodological advantage that is difficult to achieve in vivo. I found that evoking subthreshold synaptic inputs during the Up state phase of cortical slow-wave activity induced N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-dependent synaptic weakening. In fact, the spontaneous, intrinsically generated recurrent network activity that underlies cortical Up states was able to depress the very inputs that help maintain it. These findings are in agreement with the synaptic homeostasis hypothesis of sleep, a proposal for which descriptions of clear molecular and cellular mechanisms have been missing. Next, I investigated spike-timing dependent plasticity during Up state periods. I found that input-correlated postsynaptic spiking can prevent synaptic weakening. This suggests that while subthreshold synaptic inputs become continuously weaker during slow-wave activity, correlated inputs become relatively more dominant - a process that could be related to memory consolidation. Finally, I investigated Ca2+ signalling in dendritic spines during Up- Down state oscillations using a novel multi-photon microscope based on the remotefocusing technology. These experiments identified a biochemical signature that could drive the observed plasticity rules.
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Parupudi, Arun Kumar. "Demonstration of scale-down dynamic light scattering and determination of osmotic second virial coefficients for proteins." Master's thesis, Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2007. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-11092007-112135/.
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Clark, Ryan Keith. ""Top down" : an analysis of state implementation of a federal teacher accountability policy /." view abstract or download file of text, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1331413341&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=11238&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2007.Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 132-138). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
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Simard, Michel. "Integration of finite-state morphological models to top-down syntactic parsers in prolog." Thesis, McGill University, 1990. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=59440.
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Finite-state morphological models are formalisms for describing the set of valid word-forms of a natural language. Being well-suited for computer implementations, they have typically been used for creating systems that efficiently recognize and generate isolated word-forms. DCGs (Definite-clause Grammars) on the other hand, like many other syntactic formalisms closely connected with the programming language Prolog, are less suitable for describing morphological and orthographical phenomena (or phonological phenomena, in speech). This thesis describes a general method for combining the DCG syntactic formalism and a finite-state morphological model within a single Prolog implementation. The resulting system is a natural language processing environment that employs distinct formalisms for the descriptions of the syntax, morphology and orthography. The proposed method can readily be extended to other morphological models and syntactic formalisms (Metamorphosis Grammars, Extraposition Grammars). Modifications are discussed to improve the performance of the system, and a complete example illustrating the application of the proposed method is presented.
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Harder, Georg [Verfasser]. "Optimized down-conversion source and state-characterization tools for quantum optics / Georg Harder." Paderborn : Universitätsbibliothek, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1104740680/34.
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Müller, Nadia. "Top-down modulation of the auditory Steady State Response in a task-switch paradigm." [S.l. : s.n.], 2007. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:352-opus-44582.
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Dawson, Nevin Scott. "Counting Down To Change: Identifying Early Adopters and Effective Extension Multipliers of Cashew Agroforestry in Senegal." NCSU, 2006. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-12292005-193348/.
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Soil degradation, persistent drought, and a continuous decline in peanut market prices combine to put Senegalese farmers in a difficult position. To avoid a complete system collapse, many have called for a paradigm shift from production to resource conservation and regeneration with the participation of rural populations (Advisory Committee on the Sahel et al., 1986; Cook, 1989; Rodale Institute, 1989; Chemonics International Inc., 2000; Franzel and Scherr, 2002). Cashew (Anacardium occidentale) alley-cropping represents an ideal opportunity for restoring soils while maintaining productivity, but farmers take time to adopt such new technologies. Some farmers are naturally more receptive to these new ideas than others (?early adopters?), and some farmers are more likely to encourage others to try new ideas (?effective advisors?). This thesis defines and identifies observable characteristics of these two types of farmers, arguing that they are the best extension multipliers and therefore good points of contact for extension agents to effect quick diffusion of the innovation through the village. This thesis contributes to the literature first, by considering time of adoption using quantitative methods that have typically been applied only to the decision whether or not to adopt at a particular point in time, and second, by incorporating into the model spatial and social relationships that are often ignored in adoption literature. The study was conducted in two small farming villages in the Sine-Saloum region of Senegal?Mamouda and Simong. I lived with a family in Simong for nine months and learned about the local culture and environment (June 2003-February 2004), and returned for three months of interviews and spatial data collection (February-April 2005). Qualitative and spatial data were analyzed, and quantitative data were used to estimate survival and probit regression models for time until cashew adoption, and OLS models for advisor effectiveness in cashew promotion. It was found that an effective extension multiplier will have assets and land with which to absorb any possible costs of failure, will have fields that are highly visible and centrally located in an area appropriate for cashew production, will be in the elder age class (more than 60 years old), and will be socially well-placed as an advisor to many and an advisee to none. Understanding the characteristics of early adopters and effective advisors will allow extension agents to quickly identify the few farmers who are most likely to adopt on the advice of an outsider and without the prior sanction of their peers, and who will then demonstrate and extend the innovation with little outside assistance. Focusing efforts on these key players should increase the effectiveness of the agent?s time spent in the village, and after a successful training and trial, the new technology should then spread with little further intervention through farmer to farmer contacts (Advisory Committee on the Sahel et al., 1986; Bunch, 1982; Rodale Institute, 1989). This should result in a quicker and more effective impact of extension on the welfare of these poor farming communities.
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McMullan, Gordon. "The Church of Ireland Diocese of Down and Dromore from a welfare state perspective, 1945-1980." Thesis, University of Ulster, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.400840.
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Skhiri, Yasmine Naila. "“Man är man och kvinna är kvinna”. : En fallstudie om Top-down State feminism och genusnormer i Tunisien." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-414602.
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In comparison with other Muslim Arabic countries, Tunisia have attained a unique and successful progress when it comes to women’s rights and gender equality. According to researchers, the progress of women’s rights in Tunisia is due to a policy of top down State feminism that the country has adapted since the independence from the French colonialism 1956. Researchers have mainly focused on investigating the diverse factors that contributed to this progress and on tracing the causal mechanism behind the unique women’s legal rights in Tunisia. Nevertheless, there are few studies that carefully examined gender norms in Tunisian society and its relation to the adopted top down State feminism. The goal of this thesis is to analyse how gender norm are described in Tunisians legal texts and compare it to how young educated citizens in Tunisia relate to gender norms, as well to see if there are any eventual potential progress regarding gender equality in the future in Tunisia. This thesis is based on text analysis of law texts and qualitative group interviews. This thesis has no high explanatory ambitions, but it seeks to illustrate the various potential explanations for the differences and similarities between how gender norms are constructed in law texts and among young educated citizens in Tunisia. Also, this thesis seeks to obtain an idea about how these differences and similarities can be understood. This was done with the help of the data collected from the group interviews and also using theories about State feminism and the relation between the state and gender norms. The analysis of law texts shows that the Tunisian state draws a rigorous line between the public and the private sphere. The Tunisian state expresses a progressive view regarding gender norms on the public sphere but a conservative one when it comes to the private sphere. The interviewees’ views regarding gender norms in the public and the private sphere can be divided into two main categories depending on how they argument for their point of view: “Progressive” and “Conservative”. Thus, differences and similarities between how gender norms are expressed in law texts and by the participants in this study and how those can be understood, depends on which ideologies and mindsets the participants have concerning gender norms. Thus, the cultural and religious heritage as well as the social current circumstances can be assumed to be one of the most crucial factors that affects the progress of gender norms and equality in the public sphere likewise the private sphere in the case of Tunisia.Jämfört med andra arabiska muslimska länder har Tunisien genomgått en märkbar och annorlunda utveckling vad gäller jämställdhet och kvinnors rättigheter. Enligt forskning på området berodde detta huvudsakligen på en top down State feminism policy som landet har anammat sedan självständigheten från den franska kolonialismen 1956. Forskare har mest fokuserat på att undersöka de olika faktorer som ledde till denna framgång och den kausala mekanismen bakom kvinnors unika juridiska rättigheter i Tunisien. Det är dock få forskare som har ägnat sig åt att studera genusnormer i det tunisiska samhället och dess relation till denna top-down State Feminism. Syftet med denna uppsats är att analysera hur lagtexter I Tunisien skildrar genusnormer och jämföra det med hur unga utbildade tunisier förhåller sig till genusnormer samt att se om det verkar finnas en potential för en framtida förändring vad gäller jämställdhet i Tunisien. Denna uppsats är baserad på textanalys av lagtexter samt kvalitativa gruppintervjuer med unga universitetsutbildade i Tunisien. Uppsatsen har inga höga förklarande ambitioner men ämnar snarare att, med hjälp av intervjumaterialet samt teorier kring State feminism och relationen mellan staten och genusnormer, kasta ljus på de potentiella förklaringarna till hur eventuella skillnader och likheter mellan lagtexters och ungas syn på genusnormer kan förstås. Analysen av lagtexter visar att staten i Tunisien drar en strikt linje mellan den offentliga och privata sfären. Staten uttrycker en progressiv syn på genusnormer i den offentliga sfären men en konservativ syn i den privata. Hur deltagare i denna studie ser på genusnormer i den offentliga och den privata sfären kan egentligen delas i två kategorier beroende på hur de argumenterade för sina synpunkter: ”Progressiva” och ”Konservativa”. Således beror vilka eventuella skillnader och likheter som finns mellan gennusnormer som uttrycks i lagtexter och bland unga i denna studie samt de potentiella förklaringarna till dessa skillnader och likheter, på vilket tankesättet deltagarna tillhör. Det kulturella och religiösa arvet samt samhällets omständigheter och behov kan antas dock vara bland de mest betydelsefulla faktorerna för genusnormers utveckling och jämställdhet både inom lagen och i samhället i just fallet Tunisien.
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Craig, Michael T. "The cortical slow oscillation : the role of slow GABAergic inhibition in mediating the UP-to-DOWN state transition." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.543467.
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Padolsky, Miriam Elana. "Bringing climate change down to earth science and participation in Canadian and Australian climate change campaigns /." Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2006. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3214881.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2006.Title from first page of PDF file (viewed July 21, 2006). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 253-284).
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Giagloglou, Kyriakos. "The identification and down selection of suitable cathode materials for use in next generation thermal batteries." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/11563.
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In this work new novel cathode materials such as transition-metal sulfides, chlorides or fluorides were investigated and studied for their use in lithium ion thermal batteries. All cathodes were synthesized by a solid state reaction in sealed quartz tubes with a duration of firing for 1 week at high temperatures ( > 500 °C). All structures of compounds were probed by powder X-ray diffraction and the morphology and shape of crystallites of cathodes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy. The electrochemical properties of the batteries were investigated by galvanostatic discharge and galvanostatic intermittent titration technique at high temperatures (> 400 °C). All the batteries used as an anode Li₁₃Si₄, as an electrolyte LiCl-KCl eutectic and as separator MgO. All the products of the discharge mechanism were confirmed using powder X-ray diffraction and EDX analysis. CoNi₂S₄ and NiCo₂S₄ exhibit two voltage plateaux vs Li₁₃Si₄ at 500 °C, one at around 1.75 V and the second at 1.50 V. Capacities of 350 and 290 mA h g⁻¹ were achieved, respectively. NiS, Co₃S₄ and Co₉S₈ were confirmed as the products of discharge mechanism. ZrS₃ exhibits a single flat voltage plateau of 1.70 V at a current density of 11 mA/cm² and a capacity of 357 mA h g⁻¹, at 500 °C was obtained. A new material, LiZr₂S₄, was identified as the product of the electrochemical process, which can be indexed to a = 10.452(8) Å cubic unit cell. KNiCl₃ was tested at different current densities from 15 mA/cm² to 75 mA/cm² and a high cell voltage, with a capacity of 262 mA h g⁻¹ was achieved at 425 °C. Ni metal, KCl and LiCl were confirmed as the products of the discharge mechanism. Li₂MnCl₄ was tested at the same current densities as KNiCl₃ at 400 °C and a capacity of 254 mA h g⁻¹ was achieved. Mn metal and LiCl were confirmed as the products after discharge. Li₆VCl₈ has a capacity of 145 mA h g⁻¹ and a flat voltage plateau of 1.80 V at 500 °C. NiCl₂ has also a capacity of 360 mA h g⁻¹ and a high voltage profile of 2.25 V at 500 °C. CoCl₂ exhibits a lower capacity of 332 mA h g⁻¹ and lower voltage profile compared to NiCl₂ at 500 °C. CuF₂ and PbF₂ were tested at 500 °C. PbF₂ exhibits a single flat voltage plateau of 1.25 V and a capacity of 260 mA h g⁻¹ was obtained. CuF₂ has a high voltage profile but a voltage plateau could not be obtained.
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Johnson, Dustin Jerald. "City limits: Heat tolerance is influenced by body size and hydration state in an urban ant community." Scholarly Commons, 2019. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/3578.
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Cities are rapidly expanding, and global warming is intensified in urban environments due to the urban heat island effect. Therefore, urban animals may be particularly susceptible to warming associated with ongoing climate change. Thus, I used a comparative and manipulative approach to test three related hypotheses about the determinants of heat tolerance or critical thermal maximum (CTmax) in urban ants—specifically, that (1) body size, (2) hydration status, and (3) preferred micro-environments influence CTmax. I further tested a fourth hypothesis that native species are particularly physiologically vulnerable in urban environments. I manipulated water access and determined CTmax for 11 species common to cities in California's Central Valley that exhibit nearly 300-fold variation in body mass. Inter- (but not intra-) specific variation in body size influenced CTmax where larger species had higher CTmax. The sensitivity of ants’ CTmax to water availability exhibited species-specific thresholds where short-term water limitation (8 h) reduced CTmax in some species while longer-term water limitation (32 h) was required to reduce CTmax in other species. However, CTmax was not influenced by the preferred foraging temperatures of ants. Further, I did not find support for my fourth hypothesis because native species did not exhibit reduced thermal safety margins, or exhibit CTmax values that were more sensitive to water limitation relative to non-native species. In sum, understanding the links between heat tolerance and water availability will become critically important in an increasingly warm, dry, and urbanized world that may be selecting for smaller (not larger) body size.
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SILVA, FERNANDO R. da. "Crescimento de fibras de molibdato duplo de lítio e lantânio e adaptação de sistema de alto vácuo para micro pulling-down." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2013. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10523.
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Tese (Doutoramento)
IPEN/T
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP
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Toson, Valentina. "Preparation of functional nanostructured materials by facile and green methods." Doctoral thesis, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11579/97205.
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A challenging goal of Chemistry is its sustainability towards a circular no-waste approach. This statement has been the mainstream of this PhD work, applied to innovative functional materials based on inorganic hosting substrates.
The experimental work has used synthetic strategies, optimization tools and characterization methods to identify and pursue materials with facile, rapid and green preparations for functional photoactive materials, improving durability and performances.
A part of the work dealt with the study and optimization of the preparation of tailored inorganic hosts, as synthetic layered clay-like materials (saponite), with a study of the synthetic conditions and the thermal treatment features to achieve high yield, morphological and compositional quality with a reduced energetic payload. Aside, in a waste-reduction strategy, a highly innovative approach was carried on using biomasses (i.e. rice husk and straw) as sources of inorganics for materials with controlled composition. The preparation of functional materials via host-guest architectures was targeted on photoactive
systems using anionic (i.e. DyeA) and neutral (GAM2-35) photoactive dyes, to be incorporated in hydrotalcite and synthetic saponite clay respectively.
A mechanochemical methodology of intercalation of DyeA into hydrotalcite based on the Liquid Assisted Grinding (LAG) was fully optimized using statistical tools as factorial design and Simplex. Intercalating neutral optically active dyes in saponite was then pursued using a quasi-solid state co-intercalation of GAM2-35 and a proper cationic surfactant (CTAB), avoiding the use of harsh conditions of temperature and pH. To fulfill an approach to sustainable hotoactive host-guest materials, a full asset of high throughput characterization techniques, as in situ XRPD and Uv-Vis methods and chemometric methodologies, was applied to an established fully thermal process coming from the past, the Maya Blue formation from palygorskite and indigo.
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El-Sawy, Tarek. "THE MECHANISM AND IMPACT OF EARLY POST-TRANSPLANT INFLAMMATION ON THE ACTIVATION STATE, DOWN-STREAM T LYMPHOCYTE INFILTRATION, AND ESTABLISHMENT OF PROLONGED SURVIVAL OF AN ALLOGRAFT WITH CO-STIMULATION BLOCKADE THERAPY." Connect to online version, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=case1087393648.
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Antoniadis, Antonios. "Scheduling algorithms for saving energy and balancing load." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät II, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16566.
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Diese Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit Scheduling von Tasks in Computersystemen. Wir untersuchen sowohl die in neueren Arbeiten betrachtete Zielfunktion zur Energieminimierung als auch die klassische Zielfunktion zur Lastbalancierung auf mehreren Prozessoren. Beim Speed-Scaling mit Sleep-State darf ein Prozessor, der zu jedem Zeitpunkt seine Geschwindigkeit anpassen kann, auch in einen Schlafmodus übergehen. Unser Ziel ist es, den Energieverbrauch zu minimieren. Wir zeigen die NP-Härte des Problems und klären somit den Komplexitätsstatus. Wir beweisen eine untere Schranke für die Approximationsgüte für eine spezielle natürliche Klasse von Schedules. Ferner entwickeln wir eine Familie von Algorithmen, die gute Approximationsfaktoren liefert, und zeigen, dass diese sogar Lösungen liefert, die optimal für die zuvor erwähnte Klasse von Schedules sind. Anschließend widmen wir unsere Aufmerksamkeit dem folgenden Termin-basierten Scheduling-Problem. Es seien mehrere Prozessoren gegeben, wobei jeder einzelne Prozessor zu jedem Zeitpunkt seine Geschwindigkeit anpassen kann. Ziel ist es wie zuvor, den Energieverbrauch des erzeugten Schedules zu minimieren. Für den Offline-Fall entwickeln wir einen optimalen Polynomialzeit-Algorithmus. Für das Online-Problem erweitern wir die zwei bekannten Ein-Prozessor-Algorithmen Optimal Available und Average Rate. Wir zeigen, dass diese den gleichen bzw. einen um die additive Konstante von eins vergrößerten kompetiven Faktor haben. Bei der Lastbalancierung auf mehreren Prozessoren betrachten wir Offline-Load-Balancing auf identischen Maschinen. Unser Ziel ist es, die Current-Load für temporäre Tasks mit identischem Gewicht zu minimieren. Wir zeigen, dass eine Lösung mit maximaler Imbalance von eins immer existiert und entwickeln einen effizienten Algorithmus, der solche Lösungen liefert. Zum Schluss beweisen wir die NP-Härte von zwei Verallgemeinerungen des Problems.This thesis studies problems of scheduling tasks in computing environments. We consider both the modern objective function of minimizing energy consumption, and the classical objective of balancing load across machines. We first investigate offline deadline-based scheduling in the setting of a single variable-speed processor that is equipped with a sleep state. The objective is that of minimizing the total energy consumption. Apart from settling the complexity of the problem by showing its NP-hardness, we provide a lower bound of 2 for general convex power functions, and a particular natural class of schedules. We also present an algorithmic framework for designing good approximation algorithms. Furthermore, we give tight bounds for the aforementioned particular class of schedules. We then focus on the multiprocessor setting where each processor has the ability to vary its speed. We first study the offline problem and show that optimal schedules can be computed efficiently in polynomial time. Regarding the online problem and a natural class of power functions, we extend the two well-known single-processor algorithms Optimal Available and Average Rate. We prove that Optimal Available has the same competitive ratio as in the single-processor case. For Average Rate we show a competitive factor that increases by an additive constant of one compared to the single-processor result. With respect to load balancing, we consider offline load balancing on identical machines, with the objective of minimizing the current load, for temporary unit-weight jobs. The problem can be seen as coloring n intervals with k colors, such that for each point on the line, the maximal difference between the number of intervals of any two colors is minimal. We prove that a coloring with maximal difference at most one is always possible, and develop a fast polynomial-time algorithm for generating such a coloring. Lastly, we prove that two generalizations of the problem are NP-hard.
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Amselem, Elias. "Dynamics of Quantum Correlations with Photons : Experiments on bound entanglement and contextuality for application in quantum information." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Fysikum, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-66469.
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The rapidly developing interdisciplinary field of quantum information, which merges quantum and information science, studies non-classical aspects of quantum systems. These studies are motivated by the promise that the non-classicality can be used to solve tasks more efficiently than classical methods would allow. In many quantum informational studies, non-classical behaviour is attributed to the notion of entanglement. In this thesis we use photons to experimentally investigate fundamental questions such as: What happens to the entanglement in a system when it is affected by noise? In our study of noisy entanglement we pursue the challenging task of creating bound entanglement. Bound entangled states are created through an irreversible process that requires entanglement. Once in the bound regime, entanglement cannot be distilled out through local operations assisted by classical communication. We show that it is possible to experimentally produce four-photon bound entangled states and that a violation of a Bell inequality can be achieved. Moreover, we demonstrate an entanglement-unlocking protocol by relaxing the condition of local operations. We also explore the non-classical nature of quantum mechanics in several single-photon experiments. In these experiments, we show the violation of various inequalities that were derived under the assumption of non-contextuality. Using qutrits we construct and demonstrate the simplest possible test that offers a discrepancy between classical and quantum theory. Furthermore, we perform an experiment in the spirit of the Kochen-Specker theorem to illustrate the state-independence of this theorem. Here, we investigate whether or not measurement outcomes exhibit fully contextual correlations. That is, no part of the correlations can be attributed to the non-contextual theory. Our results show that only a small part of the experimental generated correlations are amenable to a non-contextual interpretation.At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 3: Submitted. Paper 5: Submitted. Paper 6: Submitted.
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Niraula, Dipesh. "Physics and applications of conductive filaments in electronic structures: from metal whiskers to solid state memory." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1561471348406944.
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Andersson-Skog, Lena. ""Såsom allmänna inrättningar till gagnet, men affärsföretag till namnet" : SJ, järnvägspolitiken och den ekonomiska omvandlingen efter 1920." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för geografi och ekonomisk historia, 1993. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-68315.
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This study investigates the extent and nature of the interaction between the political, institutional andeconomical development in the Swedish railway sector 1920-1980. The work deals with two main issuse,which may be summarized in the following question: has the Swedish railway policy contributed to orcounterbalanced the stagnation of the railways, especially in the post-war period? The basic premise has beenthat the institutional framework from the 19th century, was well adjusted to the requirements in thecontemporary industrialization process. The adaption of the regulations, obligations and economic principlesfrom the inter-war years and henceforth was more problematic. A growing discrepancy between economicconditions and policy goals emerged. Ulis affected the function of the Sate Railways (SJ).The interesting issue is to explain the process of renewal and abandonment of the original institutionalarrangements. There are two distinctive driving forces in this process. Firstly the demand for transport in theeconomy of the society changed. This interacted with the expansion of motorvehicles. Motor vehicles, and lateron civil aviation, have taken over parts of traditional railway transports. Of greater significance though, is thefact that railways have not been able to compete with motorvehicles on a number of growing markets in theeconomy of society. This has been of major importance to the diminishing economic returns and the decliningcompany profitability in the railway sector. The second driving force is to be found in the institutional setting inthe railway sector. The institutional principles and the railway policy gave social and economic responsibilitypriority over business profitability as the managerial strategy for SJ. SJ was used to fulfil regional and generaleconomic policy goals. As a consequence the unprofitable private railways were nationalized to save theregional transport system. To succeed on the competitive transport market in the post-war period it becamenecessary for SJ to act as a profit-seeking company. This created a long period of political struggle inParliament concerning the institutional principles. In order to keep the social economic principles, the monetaryclaims were reduced. Subsidies were given to try to save SJ s profitability as a business company. The mixtureof social and monetary principles from 1960 and onwards, could neither solve the railway's market problems,nor could they keep the regional railway system intact. This failure led to the abandonment of the originalinstitutional framework. In the late 1980 s it was totally replaced. Hie guiding rules for the State Railways arenow concentrated on competition and company profitability.digitalisering@umu
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Sangla, Damien. "Nouveaux concepts pour des lasers de puissance : fibres cristallines dopées Ytterbium et pompage direct de cristaux dopés Néodyme." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00448320.
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Le nombre croissant d‟applications des sources lasers de puissance favorise le développement de solutions techniques innovantes afin d‟atteindre des performances inédites. Pour y parvenir, la technologie des lasers solides bénéficie des progrès considérables réalisés pour l‟intégration et la montée en puissance des diodes lasers utilisées pour le pompage. Les milieux à gain doivent alors permettre une conversion efficace du rayonnement de pompage en rayonnement laser tout en limitant les phénomènes thermiques et les effets induits par la puissance crête. Au cours de cette thèse, nous proposons d‟étudier deux concepts différents afin de dépasser les principaux écueils des systèmes émettant dans le proche infrarouge (1 μm). Dans le cadre d‟une collaboration regroupant le Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie des Matériaux Luminescents, le Laboratoire Charles Fabry de l‟Institut d‟Optique et l‟entreprise Fibercryst, nous avons développé et caractérisé des fibres cristallines dopées Ytterbium élaborées par la technique de croissance micro-pulling down. Cette géométrie combinant les propriétés des cristaux massifs et les avantages des fibres en verre nous a permis d‟obtenir des performances laser prometteuses pour la réalisation de systèmes alliant forte énergie, forte puissance moyenne et forte puissance crête. La seconde partie de ce travail de thèse est consacrée à l‟étude du concept de pompage direct de cristaux dopés Néodyme dans les niveaux émetteurs. Cette voie, permettant de réduire à l‟extrême l‟échauffement dans le milieu, est fortement prometteuse pour l‟amélioration des performances des systèmes laser utilisant des cristaux dopés Néodyme.
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Rådmark, Magnus. "Photonic quantum information and experimental tests of foundations of quantum mechanics." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Fysikum, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-37464.
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Entanglement is a key resource in many quantum information schemes and in the last years the research on multi-qubit entanglement has drawn lots of attention. In this thesis the experimental generation and characterisation of multi-qubit entanglement is presented. Specifically we have prepared entangled states of up to six qubits. The qubits were implemented in the polarisation degree of freedom of single photons. We emphasise that one type of states that we produce are rotationally invariant states, remaining unchanged under simultaneous identical unitary transformations of all their individual constituents. Such states can be applied to e.g. decoherence-free encoding, quantum communication without sharing a common reference frame, quantum telecloning, secret sharing and remote state preparation schemes. They also have properties which are interesting in studies of foundations of quantum mechanics. In the experimental implementation we use a single source of entangled photon pairs, based on parametric down-conversion, and extract the first, second and third order events. Our experimental setup is completely free from interferometric overlaps, making it robust and contributing to a high fidelity of the generated states. To our knowledge, the achieved fidelity is the highest that has been observed for six-qubit entangled states and our measurement results are in very good agreement with predictions of quantum theory. We have also performed another novel test of the foundations of quantum mechanics. It is based on an inequality that is fulfilled by any non-contextual hidden variable theory, but can be violated by quantum mechanics. This test is similar to Bell inequality tests, which rule out local hidden variable theories as possible completions of quantum mechanics. Here, however, we show that non-contextual hidden variable theories cannot explain certain experimental results, which are consistent with quantum mechanics. Hence, neither of these theories can be used to make quantum mechanics complete.
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Carriere, Glenda Mary. "Going Up the Down Escalator: An ethnographic case study of the uptake and utilisation of information and communication technologies by three Women in Film and Television (WIFT) organisations at the State, National and International level, 1995-2000." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2005. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16020/1/Glenda_Carri%C3%A8re_Thesis.pdf.
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This thesis examines the implementation of the new digital information and communications
technologies (ICTs) by the Women in Film and Television (WIFT) Non-government organisation (NGO) at the state, national and international levels through an ethnographic, participant observation case study, informed by the precepts of feminist research. A quantitative survey of Australian peak women's NGOs participating in the electronic mailing list - Pamela's List is also conducted mapping the context in which WIFT operates and providing an overview of Australian women's peak NGOs' uptake and use of ICTs. The
findings are situated in relation to a review of the international surveys available on women's
NGOs and the surveys and research reports available on the overall NGO sector, nationally
and internationally.
The study addresses two neglected areas in the ICT literature. For over a decade Feminist
theorists have pointed to the omission of gender as a focus in studies on the new information
and communications technologies. There has also been little research and few surveys into the uptake of ICTs by either women's NGOs or the broader NGO sector, nationally or internationally.
The detailed, longitudinal case study of the implementation process from pre-establishment
through to advanced use of digital communications by a women's NGO at state, national and international level is also unique. Combined with the survey, it affords the opportunity to not only document which ICTs are being adopted but also why particular technologies are being used over others and how they are being used.
Despite key successes, the results show less than optimum uptake, a lack of advanced or strategic use, and the myriad of challenges shared by all three WIFT organisations, Australian women's peak NGOs, and the national and international NGO sector in utilising ICTs. The reasons for this are analysed revealing the conflicting values between the NGO sector and
those underlying the development of ICTs and demonstrates that difficulties systemic to both
the technology and the NGO sector are limiting access and utilisation by women's NGOs.
While the myths of women as technophobic are seriously challenged by the findings, the study
highlights the importance of gender factors in limiting access and uptake and shaping the use
of ICTs. Australian women's NGOs' uptake is shown to be less than their mixed gender
counterparts and the study also reveals a lack of acknowledgement by government of gender as a key factor in the uptake of ICTs.
It is also shown that significant funding, infrastructure support and policy initiatives recognising the special technological and communication challenges of women's NGOs and the overall NGO sector are needed, if both are to fully and strategically embrace these technologies and function effectively in the new millennium.
The significant contribution to knowledge of this thesis lies foremost in furthering the
understanding of gender as a key factor in the uptake and utilisation of the new ICTs while at
the same time challenging the patriarchal myth of women as technophobic. It thus contributes
to the reconstruction of the epistemologies surrounding women's relationship to technology.
The study also contributes to furthering the current very limited knowledge and understanding
of women's NGOs and the overall NGO sector's uptake and use of information and communications technology. The knowledge and the critical insight provided is not purely historical but rather as the push to take up broadband begins, has relevance to this and future technological innovations. Without an understanding of the process, requirements and challenges faced by women's NGOs and the NGO sector in general, the existing problems will continue to be replicated.
The material presented in this study will be useful to all women's organisations and NGOs
contemplating establishing digital communications or wishing to review their current use of these technologies. It will also be of value to government and policy makers seeking to establish policies and initiatives that will enable NGOs to take up the new information and communication technologies.
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Carriere, Glenda Mary. "Going Up the Down Escalator: An ethnographic case study of the uptake and utilisation of information and communication technologies by three Women in Film and Television (WIFT) organisations at the State, National and International level, 1995-2000." Queensland University of Technology, 2005. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16020/.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis examines the implementation of the new digital information and communications technologies (ICTs) by the Women in Film and Television (WIFT) Non-government organisation (NGO) at the state, national and international levels through an ethnographic, participant observation case study, informed by the precepts of feminist research. A quantitative survey of Australian peak women's NGOs participating in the electronic mailing list - Pamela's List is also conducted mapping the context in which WIFT operates and providing an overview of Australian women's peak NGOs' uptake and use of ICTs. The findings are situated in relation to a review of the international surveys available on women's NGOs and the surveys and research reports available on the overall NGO sector, nationally and internationally. The study addresses two neglected areas in the ICT literature. For over a decade Feminist theorists have pointed to the omission of gender as a focus in studies on the new information and communications technologies. There has also been little research and few surveys into the uptake of ICTs by either women's NGOs or the broader NGO sector, nationally or internationally. The detailed, longitudinal case study of the implementation process from pre-establishment through to advanced use of digital communications by a women's NGO at state, national and international level is also unique. Combined with the survey, it affords the opportunity to not only document which ICTs are being adopted but also why particular technologies are being used over others and how they are being used. Despite key successes, the results show less than optimum uptake, a lack of advanced or strategic use, and the myriad of challenges shared by all three WIFT organisations, Australian women's peak NGOs, and the national and international NGO sector in utilising ICTs. The reasons for this are analysed revealing the conflicting values between the NGO sector and those underlying the development of ICTs and demonstrates that difficulties systemic to both the technology and the NGO sector are limiting access and utilisation by women's NGOs. While the myths of women as technophobic are seriously challenged by the findings, the study highlights the importance of gender factors in limiting access and uptake and shaping the use of ICTs. Australian women's NGOs' uptake is shown to be less than their mixed gender counterparts and the study also reveals a lack of acknowledgement by government of gender as a key factor in the uptake of ICTs. It is also shown that significant funding, infrastructure support and policy initiatives recognising the special technological and communication challenges of women's NGOs and the overall NGO sector are needed, if both are to fully and strategically embrace these technologies and function effectively in the new millennium. The significant contribution to knowledge of this thesis lies foremost in furthering the understanding of gender as a key factor in the uptake and utilisation of the new ICTs while at the same time challenging the patriarchal myth of women as technophobic. It thus contributes to the reconstruction of the epistemologies surrounding women's relationship to technology. The study also contributes to furthering the current very limited knowledge and understanding of women's NGOs and the overall NGO sector's uptake and use of information and communications technology. The knowledge and the critical insight provided is not purely historical but rather as the push to take up broadband begins, has relevance to this and future technological innovations. Without an understanding of the process, requirements and challenges faced by women's NGOs and the NGO sector in general, the existing problems will continue to be replicated. The material presented in this study will be useful to all women's organisations and NGOs contemplating establishing digital communications or wishing to review their current use of these technologies. It will also be of value to government and policy makers seeking to establish policies and initiatives that will enable NGOs to take up the new information and communication technologies.
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Favero, Melissa. "The low-down on America's lock-down: a critical look at the political economy of prisons." Thesis, Boston University, 2001. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/27645.
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Boston University. University Professors Program Senior theses.PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you.
2031-01-02
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Chadha, Ankit. "Tapped-Inductor Buck DC-DC Converter." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1578488939749599.
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Simon, Marta. "The two bears : how down markets get you down." University of Western Australia. Financial Studies Discipline Group, 2004. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2005.0022.
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In this study, we address two research questions: 1) Can we identify bear market episodes in Australia in the past 20 years? 2) How do investors’ moods change as stock market conditions enter into a bear phase. To address the first question, we use a pattern recognition algorithm, called the penalised LSE approach. By defining bear markets as those stock market regimes where the average returns are statistically significantly negative or below the risk free rate, we are able to detect two bear market periods in Australia in the past 20 years. These are the November 1987 to February 1988 and the April 2000 to May 2000 periods. To address the second question, we study the change in investors’ attitudes to varieties of systematic risk and the aggregate number and dollar value of shares traded in portfolios as a result of the regime switch from pre-bear to bear period. Out of the 7 categories of risk considered in this study, the transition from pre-bear to bear regime in both sample periods had a significant impact mainly on investors’ attitude toward the size risk factor. Investors systematically became more sensitive to firm size as stock market conditions entered into the 1987⁄1988 bear market. In the later sample period, investors’ reaction to firm size was more selective as it depended on the characteristics of the stocks that made up their portfolios. We also find that the regime switches resulted in lower portfolio trading volumes. Based on these results we infer that the November 1987-February 1988 bear market evoked a general sad mood, while the April 2000-May 2000 bear market stirred up both angry and sad feelings in market participants depending on the composition of stocks in their portfolios.
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Sock, Ching Low. "Giving centre stage to top-down inhibitory mechanisms for selective attention." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/670753.
Full textAbstract:
Selective attention determines the sensory signals that are processed at higher levels at the expense of others and is biased by higher-order brain regions which anticipate task-relevant stimuli and increase neural sensitivity to them in the sensory cortex. Often, this is thought to occur through excitation of selected neurons, but some studies have suggested that it is not the full description of the process. Increasingly, evidence has pointed to an alternative, top-down inhibitory biasing mechanism. Here, we investigated such an inhibitory model of attention. We first showed how sensitivity to stimulus features known to be task-irrelevant are reduced through top-down suppression. Secondly, we demonstrated a biologically grounded spiking model’s ability to modulate information processing and benchmarked it to physiology. Lastly, we explored the interaction between the excitatory and inhibitory models of top-down attention in a foraging agent. Our results support the inhibitory model of top-down attention as a biological attentional mechanism and show how it fits into the current zeitgeist of top-down attentional mechanisms.L’atenció selectiva determina els senyals sensorials que es processen a nivells superiors a costa dels altres. Està esbiaixada per regions cerebrals d’ordre superior que anticipen estímuls rellevants per a la tasca i augmenten la sensibilitat neuronal a l’escorça sensorial. Sovint, es creu que això es produeix mitjançant l'excitació de neurones seleccionades, però alguns estudis han suggerit que no és la descripció completa del procés. Cada vegada més, l’evidència apunta cap a un mecanisme alternatiu de polarització inhibitiva de dalt a baix. Aquí hem investigat, aleshores, un model d’atenció inhibitori. Primer, vam demostrar com es redueix la sensibilitat a les funcions d’estímul irrellevants per tasques mitjançant la supressió de dalt a baix. En segon lloc, vam demostrar la capacitat d’un model d’espiga basat en la biologia per modular el processament de la informació i l’hem comparat amb la fisiologia. Per últim, hem explorat la interacció entre els models excitadors i inhibidors d’atenció de dalt a baix en un agent de cerca d’aliments. Els nostres resultats donen suport al model inhibitori de l’atenció de dalt a baix com a mecanisme d’atenció biològica i mostren com s’adapta al ‘zeitgeist’ actual dels mecanismes d’atenció de dalt a baix.
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Langfelder, Antonia. "Plasticity associated with Up/Down states in the mouse barrel cortex." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:980a4f39-d60c-4484-a09f-3765ca6063d6.
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Slow wave sleep is characterised by synchronised slow oscillations, which manifest themselves in cortical neurons as depolarised Up states and more hyperpolarised, silent Down states. Up/Down states have been implicated in synaptic plasticity during sleep-associated memory consolidation. However, the underlying mechanism is not well-understood. I used the mouse somatosensory barrel cortex as a model system to investigate whether Up states and Down states differentially facilitate synaptic plasticity. Initial experiments were carried out in vitro in slices of barrel cortex. Here, Up states were evoked by electrical stimulation, making it possible to precisely control onset timing. Perforated patch-clamp recordings were obtained from pyramidal neurons in layer 2/3 to determine whether pairing of inputs with electrically-evoked Up states results in plasticity of the paired input. I found that pairing a train of EPSPs at different frequencies with Up states resulted in synaptic depression. However, there was no significant difference between Up states and Down states in their propensity to mediate plasticity of paired inputs. This lack of state-dependent plasticity could have been due to an insufficient number of pairings, as well as differences between electrically-evoked and spontaneous Up states in their ability to facilitate plasticity of paired inputs in the barrel cortex. To overcome these issues, plasticity was studied using long-term extracellular recordings in vivo under anaesthesia. Here, spontaneous Up states were automatically detected and paired with whisker deflections. While persistently pairing inputs with Up states led to long-term depression of the whisker response in the barrel cortex, Down state pairings did not induce any long-term effects. Taken together, results from experiments in vivo, but not in vitro, suggest that Up states facilitate depression of inputs in an activity-dependent manner.
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Kerley, Eric Scott. "All stripped down : Iconography in the American Mini-Mall." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/22722.
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Thomas, Sarah Elaine. "Down the Great Wagon Road: The Ironworking Pennybackers of Shenandoah County, Virginia." W&M ScholarWorks, 2012. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626692.
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Payton, Autumn Lockwood. "Tying Down Gulliver: How Weak States Control the Design of International Institutions." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=osu1250222881.
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Mayne, Elizabeth W. "G-protein coupled modulation of cortical UP and DOWN states in vitro." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.543529.
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Morris, Caroline Chandler. ""Down Where the South Begins": Virginia Radio and the Conversation of Nationhood." W&M ScholarWorks, 2005. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626488.
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Heath, James Owen. "To face down Dixie : South Carolina's war on the Supreme Court, 1954-1970." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2015. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/77245/.
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South Carolina offers a history of defiant politicians who sought to protect their state from federal interference. With the Supreme Court handing down some of the most important rulings in US history, including Brown (1954), Baker (1962) and Miranda (1966), three South Carolinian Senators – Olin Johnston, Strom Thurmond and Ernest ‘Fritz’ Hollings – waged war on the Court through the judicial nominations process. In scrutinising presidential nominations and attempting to restrict the power of the Court, these Senators played leading roles in the most explosive confirmation battles in recent history, including those of Thurgood Marshall, Abe Fortas and Clement Haynsworth. The South Carolinians defied not only the Democratic Party leadership but also time-honoured Senate traditions of hierarchy and seniority. In maintaining their conservative credentials, they ensured continuous re-election, yet the dominance of the state’s conservative segregationist political establishment, which maintained control of South Carolina’s legislature, drowned out the moderate voices that remained critical of each Senator’s obstructionism. A comparative lack of violence has been identified in South Carolina’s transition to ‘integration with dignity’, but the behaviour of the state’s Senators in the nominations process in Washington, DC was anything but dignified or peaceful. In fact, South Carolina has played the most important, and overlooked, role in the development of Supreme Court nomination hearings into political, and confrontational, public events. The state’s war on the Court would transcend ‘massive resistance’ to civil rights, highlighting questions of law and order, obscenity, communist subversion and school prayer in a radical, ground-breaking response to the Court’s role as the final arbiter of policy. Furthermore, the South Carolinian experience suggests that existing studies of Supreme Court nominations as ‘one-off’ events are narrow and restrictive, and the practice of emphasising the final vote on a nominee’s confirmation or rejection is unhelpful in understanding this complex process.
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Rehnisch, Laura. "Search for singly produced vector-like down-type quarks in single-lepton final states with ATLAS." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/17493.
Full textAbstract:
In dieser Arbeit wird die Suche nach vektorartigen und angeregten Quarks mit einer elektrischen Ladung von Q = 1/3 mit dem ATLAS-Detektor vorgestellt. Die Existenz solcher Quarks wird von verschiedenen Modellen jenseits des Standardmodells vorhergesagt, die bestimmte Schwächen der Theorie beseitigen können. Es wird nach einzeln produzierten Quarks aus zwei verschiedenen Modellen gesucht, da für diesen Produktionsmodus höhere Wirkungsquerschnitte im untersuchten Massenbereich vorhergesagt sind als für die Paarproduktion. Die Suche beschränkt sich auf Zerfälle der Quarks in W-Bosonen und Top-Quarks, wobei letztere fast ausschließlich in W-Bosonen und Bottom-Quarks zerfallen. Verlangt man, dass eines der W-Bosonen leptonisch zerfällt, erhält man Endzustände mit einem Lepton (Elektron oder Myon in diesem Fall), mehreren Jets, von denen einer als von einem Bottom-Quark stammend identifiziert werden kann, und fehlender Energie in der Transversalebene, die durch das beim leptonischen Zerfall entstandene und nicht detektierbare Neutrino hervorgerufen wird. Die daraus berechnete invariante Masse des neuen Quarks wird zur Unterscheidung zwischen Signal und Untergrund verwendet. Die Suche wurde auf dem am LHC im Jahr 2012 aufgenommenen Datensatz von Proton-Proton-Kollisionen bei einer Schwerpunktsenergie von 8 TeV ausgeführt. Es wurde kein signifikanter Unterschied zum vorhergesagten Untergrund gemessen und deshalb Ausschlussgrenzen für Parameter der untersuchten Modelle berechnet. Da die vorgestellte Suche Gebrauch von der geboosteten Topologie der Signalereignisse im untersuchten Massenbereich macht, übertreffen die Ergebnisse bei Weitem die Ausschlussgrenzen für das angeregte Quarkmodell, die in der Vorgängersuche auf dem Datensatz von 2011 erhalten wurden und sind vergleichbar mit kürzlich auf dem Datensatz von 2012 mit dem CMS-Detektor gewonnenen Ergebnissen. Darüber hinaus ist es die erste Suche nach einzeln produzierten vektorartigen Quarks im untersuchten Modell.A search for vector-like and excited down-type (Q = 1/3) quarks with the ATLAS detector is presented in this thesis. The existence of these quarks is predicted by various models beyond the Standard Model, motivated by some limitations of that theory. Quarks from two specific models are searched for in single production mode, as this is predicted to yield higher cross-sections than pair production in the investigated mass range. The search focuses on decays of the heavy quarks to a W boson and a top quark, the latter of which subsequently decays almost exclusively into another W boson and a bottom quark. Requiring one of the two W bosons to decay leptonically leads to final states containing exactly one lepton (electron or muon in this case), several jets, one of which can be identified as originating from a bottom quark, and some amount of missing energy in the transverse plane stemming from the neutrino of the leptonic W decay. The reconstructed mass of the heavy quark is used to discriminate between signal and background. This search was performed on 20.3 inverse femtobarns of proton-proton collision data collected at the Large Hadron Collider in the year 2012 with a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV. No significant excess of the data over the background could be observed and therefore exclusion limits were set on model parameters. The search presented here makes use of the boosted event topology that is prominent in the explored range of signal masses, allowing it to by far exceed the exclusion bounds obtained in the preceding search for the excited quark model on the 2011 data set, and producing results that are comparable to those from a recent search performed with the CMS detector on the 2012 data set. Additionally, it is the first search in the single production mode for that specific vector-like quark model.
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Whipple, Julie Doran. "Crash Course: The Decisions That Brought Down United Flight 173." PDXScholar, 2015. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2364.
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In December 1978, United Airlines Flight 173 arriving in Portland from Denver with 189 people aboard crash-landed in a suburb at 157th and East Burnside. Ten people were killed and dozens more were injured. The jet ran out of fuel after it had circled for an hour while the crew tried to determine what was wrong with the right main landing gear, which had fallen with a huge double jolt on extension.
The investigation that followed the crash placed the blame squarely on the pilot for his negligence in failing to monitor his fuel supply, and secondarily on his crew members, who failed to adequately communicate their concerns about it. The accident was a watershed event in what would become known in the airline industry as crew resource management, a communication model designed to reduce human error by fostering collaborative decision-making and assertiveness training.
In the years that have followed the accident, very little has changed in the narrative surrounding it. Articles and docudramas on the plane crash consistently repeat the tale as is, blaming the pilot and shedding no light on the factors that led to the in-flight emergency or on United's role in contributing to the crash.
This thesis is a "cold-case" investigation that reveals those contributing factors, which have been so thoroughly ignored. In the words of renowned attorney F. Lee Bailey, "The rule of law requires that all parties who contribute to an accident share in the responsibility for whatever harm has been caused." This is the untold story of all the decisions that brought down United Flight 173, and of the responsibilities heretofore overlooked.
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Smith, Jenette L. "Parent Responses to the Birth and Rearing of a Child with Down Syndrome : The Application of Engel's 3-stage Theoretical Model of Grieving." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1995. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc279329/.
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The purpose of this study was twofold: 1) To analyze the similarities and differences between parent responses to the birth and rearing of a child with Down syndrome and; 2) To document the characteristics of grieving described in Engel's 3-stage model of grieving. A questionnaire was used to assess responses from randomly chosen parent members of the Dallas Down Syndrome Guild. Qualitative data analysis was conducted, using the methodology of triangulation.
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Bailey, Hannah Emily. ""Handing Down Remarkable and Interesting Circumstances": Elizabeth Carrington and Female Intellectual Inheritance in the Early American Republic." W&M ScholarWorks, 2013. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626728.
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D'AMBROSIO, SASHA. "SLEEPING WHILE AWAKE: A NEUROPHYSIOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION ON SLEEP DURING WAKEFULNESS." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/707369.
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Il sonno e la veglia vengono comunemente considerati come due stati distinti. L’alternanza tra essi, la cui presenza è stata dimostrata in ogni specie animale studiata fino ad oggi, sembra essere una delle caratteristiche che definisce la nostra vita. Allo stesso tempo, però, le scoperte portate alla luce negli ultimi decenni hanno offuscato i confini tra questi due stati. I meccanismi del sonno hanno sempre affascinato i neurofisiologi, che infatti, nell’ultimo secolo, li hanno caratterizzati in dettaglio: ora sappiamo che all’attività del sonno sottostà una specifica attività neuronale chiamata slow oscillation. La slow oscillation, che è costituita da (ancora una volta) un’alternanza tra periodi di attività e periodi di iperpolarizzazione e silenzio neuronale (OFF-periods), è la modalità base di attivazione del cervello dormiente. Questa alternanza è dovuta alla tendenza dei neuroni surante lo stato di sonno, di passare ad un periodo silente dopo un’attivazione iniziale, una tendenza a cui viene dato il nome di bistabilità neuronale. Molti studi hanno dimostrato come la bistabilità neuronale tipica del sonno ed i relativi OFF-periods, possano accadere anche durante la veglia in particolari condizioni patologiche, nelle transizioni del sonno e durante le deprivazioni di sonno. Per questo motivo, se accettassimo che la bistabilità neuronale e gli OFF-periods rappresentino una caratteristica fondamentale del sonno, allora dovremmo ammettere che stiamo assistendo ad un cambio di paradigma: da una prospettiva neurofisiologica il sonno può intrudere nella veglia. In questa tesi ho analizzato i nuovi -fluidi- confini tra sonno e veglia e le possibili implicazioni di questi nel problema della persistenza personale attraverso il tempo. Inoltre, ho studiato le implicazioni cliniche dell’intrusione di sonno nella veglia in pazienti con lesioni cerebrali focali di natura ischemica. In particolare, i miei obiettivi sono stati: 1) Dimostrare come la bistabilità neuronale possa essere responsabile della perdita di funzione nei pazienti affetti da ischemia cerebrale e come questo potrebbe avere implicazioni nello studio della patofisiologia dell’ischemia cerebrale e nella sua terapia; 2) Stabilire le basi per un modello di sonno locale presente nella vita di tutti i giorni: la sensazione di sonnolenza. Infatti, essa potrebbe riflettere la presenza di porzioni di corteccia in stato di sonno, ma durante lo stato di veglia; 3) Difendere il criterio biologico di identità, che troverebbe nell’attività cerebrale la continuità necessaria al mantenimento della nostra identità nel tempo.Sleep and wakefulness are considered two mutually exclusive states. The alternation between those two states seems to be a defining characteristic of our life, a ubiquitous phenomenon demonstrated in every animal species investigated so far. However, during the last decade, advances in neurophysiology have blurred the boundaries between those states. The mechanisms of sleep have always intrigued neurophysiologists and great advances have been made over the last century in understanding them: we now know that the defining characteristic underlying sleep activity is a specific pattern of neuronal activity, namely the slow oscillation. The slow oscillation, which is characterized by the periodic alternation between periods of activity (ON-periods) and periods of hyperpolarization and neuronal silence (OFF-periods) is the default mode of activity of the sleeping cortex. This alternation is due to the tendency of neurons to fall into a silent period after an initial activation; such tendency is known as “bistability”. There is accumulating evidence that sleep-like bistability, and the ensuing OFF-periods, may occur locally in the awake human brain in some pathological conditions, in sleep transition, as well as after sleep deprivation. Therefore, to the extent that bistability and OFF periods represents the basic neuronal features of sleep, a paradigm shift is in place: from a neurophysiological perspective sleep can intrude into wakefulness. In this thesis, I explore the fluid boundaries between sleep and wakefulness and investigate their possible implications on the problem of personal persistence over time. Moreover, I study the clinical implications of the intrusion of sleep into wakefulness in patients with focal brain injury due to stroke. Specifically, I aim to: 1) show how the sleep-like bistability can be responsible for the loss of function in stroke patients. This may have implications for understanding the pathophysiology of stroke and helping to foster recovery; 2) establish the basis for a model of local sleep that might be present in the everyday life, id est the sensation of sleepiness. Indeed, sleepiness could reflect islands of sleep during wakefulness; 3) advocate the biological criterion of identity, in which the continuity necessary for maintaining ourselves over time could be represented by never resting activity in the brain.
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Knox, Bernard D. "Ten years worth of procurement reforms with specific attention to selected DON programs." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2002. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/02Dec%5FKnox.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in Management)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2002.Thesis advisor(s): Jerry L. McCaffery, John E. Mutty. Includes bibliographical references (p. 107-116). Also available online.
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Johnson, Jennifer Camille. "Body Politics in Don DeLillo, Adrienne Rich, and Andy Warhol: A Study in Postmodern American Culture." NCSU, 2007. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-03282007-104816/.
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For many postmodern artists, such as Don DeLillo, Adrienne Rich, and Andy Warhol, the human body and identity are constantly challenged, refigured, and re-envisioned. In this thesis, I explore to what extent each of these artists depicts the human body as disempowered or empowered in postmodern American culture. In Chapter One, ?Technology, Death, and Identity in Don DeLillo?s White Noise,? I examine the ways in which White Noise explores the nexus between the body, pop culture, fear, and death. In Chapter Two, ?Adrienne Rich: Toward an Embodied Poetics,? I explore the shifts in emphasis throughout most of Rich?s poetry and how she explores the fate of the female body in a capitalist, patriarchal society. In Chapter Three, ?The Visual Art of Andy Warhol: Fame, Death, and Disaster in American Popular Culture,? I investigate how Warhol explores the human body as image and surface that lack depth or inherent meaning and human identity as a façade manufactured by American culture. In the ?Concluding Remarks,? I discuss the relationship between genre and each artist?s perspectives of the body while also exploring each artist?s conclusions about the empowerment and disempowerment of the human body in postmodern American culture.
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Simantirakis, Christina. "The Cuban shoot-down of two US-registered civil aircraft on 24 February 1996 : study of a new case of use of weapons against civil aircraft." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=33367.
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On 24 February 1996, two US-registered civil aircraft operated by members of the anti-Castro organisation Brothers to the Rescue were shot down by Cuban fighters. This action was denounced by the United States and the majority of the international community on the grounds that international air law, as reflected in Article 3bis of the Chicago Convention, prohibits the use of force against civil aircraft. However, at the time of the incident, the 1984 Protocol introducing Article 3bis in the Chicago Convention was not in force nor had it been ratified by Cuba or the United States. This thesis will examine the international legal rules applicable to the incident and will assess the legality of the Cuban action.
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Evans, Jane Tarbutton. "Signs, shocks, and effects of institutional review processes on qualitative research complexities all the way down /." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1180486073.
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Mak, Yung-sung. "An exploratory study of the effectiveness of an early intervention programme." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1989. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B29783331.
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FERNÁNDEZ, DÍAZ Jorge Lenin. "Geração de emaranhamento de polarização entre pares de fótons no regime de fentossegundos." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2014. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/18296.
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CAPES
A criação de estados emaranhados em polarização permite testar experimentalmente questões fundamentais da mecânica quântica, tais como os argumentos de EPR sobre a incompletezadateoriaquântica,atravésdadesigualdadeCHSH.Alémdisso,essesestados emaranhados, têm potenciais de aplicações como, por exemplo, em computação quântica e criptografia quântica. Neste trabalho, se estuda uma fonte muito eficiente para a produção de estados de fótons emaranhados em polarização baseada em um interferômetro de tipo Sagnac. Estes fótons correlacionados são criados em um cristal não linear PPKTP mediante o processo de conversão paramétrica descendente (PDC) tipo-II, quando o cristal é bombeado por pulsos de fentossegundos. Verificando as correlações das medidas de polarização produzidas por esta fonte, observamos fortes violações das desigualdades de Bell para estados de polarização, isto é, verificamos a desigualdade CHSH.
Creation of polarization entangled states allows experimentally to test fundamental properties of quantum mechanics, such as the EPR argument about the incompleteness of the quantum theory, through CHSH inequality; in addition to potential applications as in quantum computing and quantum cryptography. This work studies a very efficient sourceofphotonentangledstatesofpolarizationbasedonaSagnacinterferometer. These photons are created from a nonlinear PPKTP crystal pumped by fentosecond pulses by theprocessofparametricdown-conversion(PDC)type-IIpumpedbyfemtosecondpulses. Analysing correlations of polarization measurements produced by this source we observed strong violations of Bell inequalities for the polarization states, i.e, CHSH inequality.
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Rehnisch, Laura [Verfasser], Heiko [Akademischer Betreuer] Lacker, Arno [Akademischer Betreuer] Straessner, and Johannes [Akademischer Betreuer] Haller. "Search for singly produced vector-like down-type quarks in single-lepton final states with ATLAS / Laura Rehnisch. Gutachter: Heiko Lacker ; Arno Straessner ; Johannes Haller." Berlin : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1100447555/34.
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Scalese, Marika. "Il bilinguismo negli Stati Uniti: il fenomeno dello spanglish e il Don Quijote di Ilan Stavans." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/11388/.
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L'elaborato ha come oggetto lo Spanglish, lingua ibrida nata in seguito al bilinguismo negli Stati Uniti. L'elaborato, in particolare, propone un'analisi di tale fenomeno a partire dalle origini fino a giungere alla discussa traduzione del Don Quijote de La Mancha per mano di Ilan Stavans.
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Nielsen, Suzanne C. "U.S. Army Training and Doctrine Command, 1973-1982 : a case study in successful peacetime military reform /." CLICK HERE TO VIEW: CLICK HERE TO VIEW:, 2003. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA416922.
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Thesis (M.M.A.S.)--U.S. Army Command and General Staff College, 2003.Cover title. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 123-132). Also available online in PDF format from Combined Arms Research Library and Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) web sites. Adobe Acrobat Reader required.