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Journal articles on the topic 'Dosimetric performance'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 9 March 2023

Last updated: 10 March 2023

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1

de Almeida, Shirlane Barbosa, Daniel Villani, Roberto Kenji Sakuraba, Ana Carolina Pires de Rezende, Silas Cardoso Santos, and Letícia Lucente Campos. "Dosimetric evaluation employing TL and OSL techniques with different luminescent materials for clinical evaluation of extremity doses using electron beams applied to Total-Irradiation-of-Skin treatments." International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series 48 (January 2018): 1860110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010194518601102.

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Total-skin electron beam (TSEB) irradiation is used to deliver a homogeneous dose distribution over the entire skin surface of a patient. TSEB dosimetry is quite complex as to the evaluation and measurement of absorbed dosage in the cutaneous region. This paper evaluates the performance of different dosimetric materials, using TL and OSL dosimetry, in the extremity-dose assessment of TSEB treatments using the six-dual-field technique and an anthropomorphic phantom. Dosimeters were selected with repeatability better than [Formula: see text] and calibrated to 6-MeV electron-beam dosimetry. Measurements were conducted in the abdominal region as a reference point and on the extremities. Results show expected deviations ranging up to [Formula: see text] in the dose received in the extremities and good results in dose assessment using all dosimetric materials tested.

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2

Wang, Ningyu, Fengjie Cui, Shaoxian Gu, Chuou Yin, Shengyuan Zhang, Jinyou Hu, Yunzhu Cai, Zhangwen Wu, Jun Wang, and Chengjun Gou. "The Study of Dosimetric Characteristics of the XHA600D Medical Linear Accelerator Based on a Monte Carlo Code." Science and Technology of Nuclear Installations 2022 (September 29, 2022): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7712498.

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By investigating the influence of initial electrons on dosimetric characteristics, reasonable incident electron parameters for the nominal 6 MV photon beam of the XHA600D accelerator are finally established, i.e., a 6 MeV monoenergetic electron beam with a radial intensity FWHM of 2.5 mm and an angular divergency of 0.15°. Based on reasonable initial parameters, Percentage Depth Doses (PDDs), Off-Axis Ratios (OARs), total scatter factors, beam qualities, and penumbra widths of both flatteningfilter (FF) and flattening-filter-free (FFF) beams for fields ranging from 4 × 4 to 30 × 30 cm2 are simulated systematically with EGSnrc codes. Not only the simulated dosimetric properties are in excellent agreement with the measurements, but also the dosimetric discrepancies between FF and FFF beams are consistent with the laws of previous studies on other accelerators. Therefore, reasonable incident electron parameters are able to accurately verify the performance of the XHA600D accelerator and can be used for further dosimetry research.

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3

Hajek, M., M. Sugiyama, G. Kolb, D. M. Tucker, and M. Pinak. "CHARACTERISATION OF RADIOPHOTOLUMINESCENCE DOSIMETRY SYSTEM FOR INDIVIDUAL MONITORING." Radiation Protection Dosimetry 190, no. 1 (June 2020): 66–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncaa077.

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Abstract Performance evaluation is typically assessed as part of the approval procedure to verify that a dosimetry system fulfils specified national or international type-test requirements under representative exposure conditions that are expected to mimic workplace fields from the radiological activities being monitored. The International Atomic Energy Agency Radiation Safety Technical Services Laboratory has recently implemented an integrated radiophotoluminescence (RPL) personal dosimetry system developed by Chiyoda Technol Corporation. This paper reports on the successful verification of dosimetric performance properties of the RPL dosimetry system to IEC 62387:2020, in which the badges were exposed to a range of radiation energies and angles of incidence as well as other influence parameters. Characteristics under test included the coefficient of variation, non-linearity of response due to dose dependence as well as the energy and angular response to photon and beta radiation.

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Morelli, B., E. Vilela, and E. Fantuzzi. "Dosimetric Performance of the Fast Neutron Dosemeter for ENEA Personal Dosimetry Service." Radiation Protection Dosimetry 85, no. 1 (September 1, 1999): 105–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a032810.

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5

Akhavanallaf, Azadeh, Hadi Fayad, Yazdan Salimi, Antar Aly, Hassan Kharita, Huda Al Naemi, and Habib Zaidi. "An update on computational anthropomorphic anatomical models." DIGITAL HEALTH 8 (January 2022): 205520762211119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20552076221111941.

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The prevalent availability of high-performance computing coupled with validated computerized simulation platforms as open-source packages have motivated progress in the development of realistic anthropomorphic computational models of the human anatomy. The main application of these advanced tools focused on imaging physics and computational internal/external radiation dosimetry research. This paper provides an updated review of state-of-the-art developments and recent advances in the design of sophisticated computational models of the human anatomy with a particular focus on their use in radiation dosimetry calculations. The consolidation of flexible and realistic computational models with biological data and accurate radiation transport modeling tools enables the capability to produce dosimetric data reflecting actual setup in clinical setting. These simulation methodologies and results are helpful resources for the medical physics and medical imaging communities and are expected to impact the fields of medical imaging and dosimetry calculations profoundly.

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Saminathan, Sathiyan, Henry Finlay Godson, Retna Ponmalar, Ravikumar Manickam, James Mazarello, and Rahul Fernandes. "Dosimetric Performance of Newly Developed Farmer-Type Ionization Chamber in Radiotherapy Practice." Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment 15, no. 6 (July 9, 2016): NP113—NP120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1533034615621635.

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Dose measurement with ionization chamber is essential to deliver accurate dose to the tumor in radiotherapy. The cylindrical Farmer-type ionization chamber is recommended by various dosimetry protocols for dose measurement of radiotherapy beams. The air-equivalent graphite wall Farmer-type ionization chamber (FAR 65 GB) of active volume 0.65 cm3 with aluminum as the central electrode material was fabricated. Various dosimetric parameters were studied for the newly developed ionization chamber in cobalt-60, 6 and 18 MV photon beams. The preirradiation and postirradiation leakage of the chamber was within 0.08%. The long-term stability and the stem effect of the chamber were within 0.07% and 0.3%, respectively. The sensitivity of the ionization chamber was found to be 22.15 nC/Gy. The chamber shows linear response with dose for cobalt-60, 6 and 18 MV photon beams. The ion recombination correction factor increases with increase in bias voltage. For all energies and field sizes, the polarity correction factor is almost closer to unity. The ion recombination and polarity correction measurements show that the polarizing potential and polarity recommended during the calibration of ionization chamber should be used for routine measurement to avoid the uncertainty. The chamber response is independent of dose rate and energy. The chamber is cost-effective and shows precise and reproducible response. The study carried out confirms that the newly fabricated ion chamber can be used in the measurement of absolute dose for high-energy photon beams.

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7

Russo, Serenella, Silvia Bettarini, Barbara Grilli Leonulli, Marco Esposito, Paolo Alpi, Alessandro Ghirelli, Raffaella Barca, et al. "Dosimetric Characterization of Small Radiotherapy Electron Beams Collimated by Circular Applicators with the New Microsilicon Detector." Applied Sciences 12, no. 2 (January 8, 2022): 600. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12020600.

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High-energy small electron beams, generated by linear accelerators, are used for radiotherapy of localized superficial tumours. The aim of the present study is to assess the dosimetric performance under small radiation therapy electron beams of the novel PTW microSilicon detector compared to other available dosimeters. Relative dose measurements of circular fields with 20, 30, 40, and 50 mm aperture diameters were performed for electron beams generated by an Elekta Synergy linac, with energy between 4 and 12 MeV. Percentage depth dose, transverse profiles, and output factors, normalized to the 10 × 10 cm2 reference field, were measured. All dosimetric data were collected in a PTW MP3 motorized water phantom, at SSD of 100 cm, by using the novel PTW microSilicon detector. The PTW diode E and the PTW microDiamond were also used in all beam apertures for benchmarking. Data for the biggest field size were also measured by the PTW Advanced Markus ionization chamber. Measurements performed by the microSilicon are in good agreement with the reference values for all the tubular applicators and beam energies within the stated uncertainties. This confirms the reliability of the microSilicon detector for relative dosimetry of small radiation therapy electron beams collimated by circular applicators.

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8

Thompson, Reid F. "RadOnc: An R Package for Analysis of Dose-Volume Histogram and Three-Dimensional Structural Data." Journal of Radiation Oncology Informatics 6, no. 1 (October 2, 2017): 98–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.5166/jroi-6-1-25.

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Purpose/Objectives: Dose volume histogram (DVH) data are generally analyzed within the context of a treatment planning system (TPS) on a per-patient basis, with evaluation of single-plan or comparative dose distributions. However, TPS software generally cannot perform simultaneous comparative dosimetry among a cohort of patients. The same limitations apply to parallel analyses of three-dimensional structures and other clinical data. Materials/Methods: We developed a suite of tools ("RadOnc" package) using R statistical software to better compare pooled DVH data and empower analysis of structure data and clinical correlates. Representative patient data were identified among previously analyzed adult (n=13) and pediatric (n=1) cohorts and these data were used to demonstrate the performance and functionality of the RadOnc package. Results: The RadOnc package facilitates DVH data import from the TPS and includes automated methods for DVH visualization, dosimetric parameter extraction, statistical comparison among multiple DVHs, basic three-dimensional structural processing, and visualization tools to enable customizable production of publication-quality images. Conclusions: The RadOnc package provides a potent clinical research tool with the ability to integrate robust statistical software and dosimetric data from cohorts of patients. It is made freely available to the community for their current use and remains under active development.

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9

Garzón, W. J., H. Khoury, S. A. M. Ovalle, and R. B. Medeiros. "PERFORMANCE OF THE INSTADOSETM DOSEMETER FOR INTERVENTIONAL RADIOLOGY AND CARDIOLOGY APPLICATION." Radiation Protection Dosimetry 183, no. 4 (January 10, 2018): 522–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncy172.

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Abstract The aim of this article was to verify the performance of the Mirion InstadoseTM dosemeter under clinical conditions and to compare its response in typical X-ray fields used during interventional and cardiology procedures with the TLD-100, usually used for radiation dosimetry. It was also objective of this study to verify the feasibility of using the InstadoseTM dosemeter response at the chest level for estimation of occupational eye lens dose in cardiology and interventional radiology. Initially the response of the dosemeter was tested using continuous X-ray beams and the results showed that the Instadose dosemeter present a satisfactory behavior of the most important dosimetric properties based on the tests as described in the IEC 62387 standard. The measurements performed in clinical conditions showed that the InstadoseTM dosemeter response was comparable to that of TL dosemeters used in interventional radiology and cardiology procedures and there is a correlation between the eye lens doses and the chest doses measured with the InstadoseTM. Based on the results obtained, we recommend the use of the InstadoseTM dosemeter for purposes of occupational whole-body monitoring of medical staff in interventional radiology and cardiology procedures.

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10

Alshanqity, Mukhtar, and Andrew Nisbet. "Dosimetric Performance of A-Si Electronic Portal Imaging Devices." International Journal of Medical Physics, Clinical Engineering and Radiation Oncology 05, no. 02 (2016): 162–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ijmpcero.2016.52018.

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11

Dzierma, Yvonne, Frank Nuesken, Norbert Licht, and Christian Rübe. "Benchmarking the mARC performance – treatment time and dosimetric linearity." Zeitschrift für Medizinische Physik 26, no. 4 (December 2016): 339–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.zemedi.2016.02.001.

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12

Bellucci, Alessandro, Stefano Orlando, Domenico Caputo, Emilia Cappelli, and Daniele M. Trucchi. "Dosimetric Performance of Single-Crystal Diamond X-Ray Schottky Photodiodes." IEEE Electron Device Letters 34, no. 5 (May 2013): 695–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/led.2013.2253595.

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13

MacDougall, N. D., M. E. Miquel, D. J. Wilson, S. F. Keevil, and M. A. Smith. "Evaluation of the dosimetric performance of BANG3® polymer gel." Physics in Medicine and Biology 50, no. 8 (March 31, 2005): 1717–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/50/8/007.

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14

Rezaee, Mohammad, and Daniel Letourneau. "Assessment of Image Quality and Dosimetric Performance of CT Simulators." Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences 50, no. 2 (June 2019): 297–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmir.2019.01.005.

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15

Barbeiro, Ana Rita, Laure Parent, Laure Vieillevigne, Regis Ferrand, and Xavier Franceries. "Dosimetric performance of continuous EPID imaging in stereotactic treatment conditions." Physica Medica 78 (October 2020): 117–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmp.2020.09.009.

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16

Pappas, E., G. Kalaitzakis, T. Boursianis, E. Zoros, K. Zourari, E. P. Pappas, D. Makris, I. Seimenis, E. Efstathopoulos, and T. G. Maris. "Dosimetric performance of the Elekta Unity MR-linac system: 2D and 3D dosimetry in anthropomorphic inhomogeneous geometry." Physics in Medicine & Biology 64, no. 22 (November 22, 2019): 225009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6560/ab52ce.

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17

Nyaichyai, K. S., D. Jha, K. P. Adhikari, R. Prajapati, and R. Neupane. "Monitoring Linear Accelerator Output Constancy and Overall Performance Using the PTW Quickcheckwebline." Journal of Nepal Physical Society 8, no. 3 (December 30, 2022): 66–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnphyssoc.v8i3.50729.

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Daily morning quality assurance (QA) for all available beams using conventional phantom measures only output and beam quality. PTW QUICKCHECKwebline (PTW QCw) is a compact movable light-weight dosimetry equipment used for daily QA, capable of measuring flatness, symmetry, beam quality and output constancy of a given beam in a single exposure. The purpose of this study was to analyze and monitor the output constancy of a medical linear accelerator using PTW QCw and assess the overall performance of the PTW QCw. The output parameters of 4, 6 and 15 MV photon beams and 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 15 MeV electron beams of the Elekta Synergy linear accelerator in Kathmandu Cancer Center were analyzed. It was found in the study that all the parameters were well within the recommended tolerance limit of ±3%. Some known modifications in the settings of the linear accelerator gantry, couch, and collimator were introduced separately during the exposures, and the percentage variations from the baseline values were noted to check the sensitivity of the PTW QCw using 6 MV photon beam. The PTW QCw was able to detect the deviations introduced to the external irradiation conditions for both photon and electron beams under daily testing conditions. The results from this study suggest that daily dosimetric consistency measurements using the PTW QCw helps to monitor the overall performance of the linear accelerator.

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18

Mzenda, Bongile, Koki V. Mugabe, Rick Sims, Guy Godwin, and Dayan Loria. "Modeling and dosimetric performance evaluation of the RayStation treatment planning system." Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics 15, no. 5 (September 2014): 29–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1120/jacmp.v15i5.4787.

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19

Ambrosi, P. "Dosimetric Performance Requirements for the Routine Dose Assessment of External Radiation." Radiation Protection Dosimetry 96, no. 1 (July 1, 2001): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a006610.

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20

Ražem, Dusan. "Dosimetric performance of and environmental effects on sterin irradiation indicator labels." Radiation Physics and Chemistry 49, no. 4 (April 1997): 491–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0969-806x(96)00174-0.

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21

Saputro, Bimo. "Intercomparison of Gamma Cell 220 Irradiator Facilities and Dr. Mirzan T Razzak Gamma Irradiators Using Harwell Dosimeters." Jurnal Forum Nuklir 15, no. 1 (October 1, 2021): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.17146/jfn.2021.15.1.6284.

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The gamma irradiator is a multi-purpose facility that possibly used to preserve food, sterilize medical equipment, and conduct genetic engineering and polymerization processes, during which the absorbed dose of the product is critical. The standardization of product quality assurance was regulated by the IAEA Technical Document Number 409 considering Dosimetry for Food Irradiation and ISO 14470 and 11137-3 on Food Irradiation, as well as the Guidance on Dosimetric Aspects of Development, Validation, and Routine Control, respectively. The absorbed dose was influenced by the movement of the product to the source, its position, the amount of radioactive activity in the facility, and the dose rate in the irradiation room. The dosimeter performance test and quality assurance of the system were conducted using the Facility Intercomparison Technique which tested the dosimeter (measuring instrument) at 2 different facilities to determine the performance of the measuring instrument.. In this study, 2 irradiation facilities were tested using a Harwell routine dosimeter in the dose range of 1 kGy to 30 kGy and 20 dose points. The results showed that the highest deviation reached 19% and 21% at the Gamma Cell 220 and the Dr. Mirzan T Razzak Gamma irradiator facilities. This elevated the performance of the dosimeters to determine the precision accuracy of the dose-measuring instrument.

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22

Ramm, Daniel. "A fast dual wavelength laser beam fluid-less optical CT scanner for radiotherapy 3D gel dosimetry II: dosimetric performance." Physics in Medicine & Biology 63, no. 4 (February 16, 2018): 045020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6560/aaaa46.

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23

Yoo, Gyu Sang, Huan Minh Luu, Heejung Kim, Won Park, Hongryull Pyo, Youngyih Han, Ju Young Park, and Sung-Hong Park. "Feasibility of Synthetic Computed Tomography Images Generated from Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scans Using Various Deep Learning Methods in the Planning of Radiation Therapy for Prostate Cancer." Cancers 14, no. 1 (December 23, 2021): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers14010040.

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We aimed to evaluate and compare the qualities of synthetic computed tomography (sCT) generated by various deep-learning methods in volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) planning for prostate cancer. Simulation computed tomography (CT) and T2-weighted simulation magnetic resonance image from 113 patients were used in the sCT generation by three deep-learning approaches: generative adversarial network (GAN), cycle-consistent GAN (CycGAN), and reference-guided CycGAN (RgGAN), a new model which performed further adjustment of sCTs generated by CycGAN with available paired images. VMAT plans on the original simulation CT images were recalculated on the sCTs and the dosimetric differences were evaluated. For soft tissue, a significant difference in the mean Hounsfield unites (HUs) was observed between the original CT images and only sCTs from GAN (p = 0.03). The mean relative dose differences for planning target volumes or organs at risk were within 2% among the sCTs from the three deep-learning approaches. The differences in dosimetric parameters for D98% and D95% from original CT were lowest in sCT from RgGAN. In conclusion, HU conservation for soft tissue was poorest for GAN. There was the trend that sCT generated from the RgGAN showed best performance in dosimetric conservation D98% and D95% than sCTs from other methodologies.

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Burghelea, M., D. Verellen, M. Nakamura, K. Poels, C. Hung, T. Gevaert, J. Dhont, et al. "OC-0466: Dynamic Wave Arc: initial characterisation, dosimetric benchmark and performance validation." Radiotherapy and Oncology 119 (April 2016): S220—S221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-8140(16)31715-7.

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25

Figueroa, R. G., M. Santibáñez, and M. Valente. "Dosimetric and bremsstrahlung performance of a single convergent beam for teletherapy device." Physica Medica 32, no. 12 (December 2016): 1489–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmp.2016.10.003.

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26

Cicchetti, Alessandro, Federica Palorini, Tiziana Rancati, Claudio Fiorino, Cesare Cozzarini, Barbara Avuzzi, Vittorio Vavassori, et al. "Metamodeling of late rectal bleeding in patients undergoing radiotherapy for prostate cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 36, no. 6_suppl (February 20, 2018): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2018.36.6_suppl.61.

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61 Background: Predictive models for late rectal bleeding (LRB) after radiotherapy (RT) for prostate cancer were established by several studies, with good performance on development population (POP). Nonetheless, they were found to be unsatisfactory in their generalization to independent validation cohorts. Aim of the study is to build a metamodel for grade 2-3 (G23) and grade 3 (G3) LRB (LENT/SOMA) starting from literature evidence and to validate it on a new POP. Methods: The metamodel was constituted by clinical/dosimetric features and by their coefficients. Available predictive models for LRB were selected by literature search. Models including rectal Equivalent Uniform Dose (EUD) with/without patient-related dose-modifying factors were retrieved. The process allowed identification of “evidence-based” clinical/dosimetric features associated to LRB. Coeff. for identified features were resolved by weighted mean of published values, using their standard deviation as weight and then inserted in a sigmoid-shaped logit-EUD model. The resulting metamodel was validated on a pooled POP of radically treated pts (3DCRT & IMRT). Performance was assessed through calibration. Results: The search identified rectal EUD, previous abdominal surgery (SURG), hormone therapy (HT) and use of cardiovascular drugs (CARDIO) as relevant features (coeff. presented in table). Validation POP included 1591 pts with 240 (15%) LRBG23 and 98 (6.2%) LRBG3 pts. Calibration was very good: LRBG23 slope = 1.4 with R2 = 0.86; LRBG3 slope = 1.1 with R2 = 0.96. Conclusions: A metamodel for prediction of LRB has been developed from literature, including all currently available information on association between LRB and clinical/dosimetric factors. The model was successfully validated on a large POP, proving to be a valuable tool for predicting LRB before RT. [Table: see text]

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Piotrowski, Michał, Piotr Maras, Sławomir Kadłubowski, and Marek Kozicki. "Study of the Optimal Composition and Storage Conditions of the Fricke–XO–Pluronic F–127 Radiochromic Dosimeter." Materials 15, no. 3 (January 27, 2022): 984. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15030984.

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This paper presents the results of research on the Fricke–XO–Pluronic F–127 dosimeter. It consists of a Fricke dosimetric solution and xylenol orange (XO), which are embedded in a matrix of poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(propylene oxide)-block-poly(ethylene oxide) (Pluronic F–127). Upon irradiation, Fe+2 ions transform into Fe+3, forming a colored complex with XO ([XO-Fe]+3). The color intensity is related to the dose absorbed. The optimal composition, storage conditions, and radiation-induced performance of the Fricke–XO–Pluronic F–127 dosimeter were investigated. The optimal composition was found to be 1 mM FAS, 50 mM sulfuric acid (H2SO4), 0.165 mM XO in 25% Pluronic F–127. The basic features of this dosimeter are discussed, such as dose sensitivity, linear and dynamic dose range, stability before and after irradiation, storage conditions, dose response for irradiation with 6 and 15 MV photons, and batch-to-batch reproducibility. The obtained results showed a certain potential of the Fricke–XO–Pluronic F–127 for radiotherapy dosimetry.

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Wu, V. W. C., K. Y. Cheung, L. Lee, S. Y. Tung, J. Leung, A. W. L. Mui, and M. Y. Y. Law. "Evaluation of the user-friendliness and dosimetric accuracy of treatment planning systems for 3-dimensional conformal radiotherapy." Journal of Radiotherapy in Practice 3, no. 1 (June 2002): 33–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1460396902000146.

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Purpose: The purpose of this study is to compare the performance of three 3-dimensional radiotherapy treatment planning systems (TPS) in terms of user-friendliness and dosimetric accuracy.Methods: A scale type questionnaire, which contained 129 items under 13 aspects of the TPS, was used to collect opinions from users from three different institutions with regards to the user-friendliness. The assessment of dosimetric accuracy was carried out by comparing the measured dose values with those calculated by the TPS under 18 different irradiating and phantom set-up conditions.Results: Eleven respondents completed the questionnaires for each TPS. Our study indicated that the Varian CadPlan was outstanding in the plotting and network transfer of treatment plans to other workstations, the CMS Focus performed better in the construction of treatment aids, and the ADAC Pinnacle in the outlining, modification of field parameters, control of graphics and normalization of dose. In terms of dosimetric accuracy, the measured and the calculated data for the 3 TPSs showed fairly good agreement. Except for the field with median block, in which the Focus presented with the best result, the differences in other irradiating conditions were not obvious with the percentage dose deviations within ±3%.Conclusion: In conclusion, for the 3 TPSs evaluated, each had its own strengths and weaknesses, and no TPS was superior in all test conditions.

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Ueda, Yoshihiro, Shingo Ohira, Hideya Yamazaki, Nobuhisa Mabuchi, Naokazu Higashinaka, Masayoshi Miyazaki, and Teruki Teshima. "Dosimetric performance of two linear accelerator-based radiosurgery systems to treat single and multiplebrain metastases." British Journal of Radiology 92, no. 1100 (August 2019): 20190004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1259/bjr.20190004.

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Objective: To evaluate and compare the dosimetric plan quality for noncoplanar volumetric arc therapy of single and multiple brain metastases using the linear accelerator-based radiosurgery system HyperArc and a robotic radiosurgery system. Methods: 31 tumors from 24 patients were treated by stereotactic radiosurgery using the CyberKnife system. CT images, structure sets, and dose files were transferred to the Eclipse treatment planning system for the HyperArc system. Dosimetric parameters for both plans were compared. The beam-on time was calculated from the total monitor unit and dose rate. Results: For normal brain tissue, the received volume doses were significantly lower for HyperArc than for CyberKnife_G4 and strongly correlated with the planning target volume (PTV) for cases of single brain metastasis. In addition, the difference in volume dose between CyberKnife_G4 and HyperArc was proportional to the PTV. For multiple brain metastases, no significant difference was observed between the two stereotactic radiosurgery systems, except for high-dose region in the normal tissue. In low dose for brain minus PTV, when the maximum distance among each target was above 8.0 cm, HyperArc delivered higher dose than CyberKnife_G4. The mean ± SDs for the beam-on time were 15.8 ± 5.3 and 5.6 ± 0.8 min for CyberKnife_G4 and HyperArc, respectively (p < .01). Conclusion: HyperArc is best suited for larger targets in single brain metastasis and for smaller inter tumor tumor distances in multiple brain metastases. Advances in knowledge: The performance of HyperArc in comparison with CyberKnife_G4 was depended on defined margin and tumor distances.

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Li, Xinyi, Q. Jackie Wu, Qiuwen Wu, Chunhao Wang, Yang Sheng, Wentao Wang, Hunter Stephens, Fang-Fang Yin, and Yaorong Ge. "Insights of an AI agent via analysis of prediction errors: a case study of fluence map prediction for radiation therapy planning." Physics in Medicine & Biology 66, no. 23 (November 26, 2021): 23NT01. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6560/ac3841.

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Abstract Purpose. We have previously reported an artificial intelligence (AI) agent that automatically generates intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) plans via fluence map prediction, by-passing inverse planning. This AI agent achieved clinically comparable quality for prostate cases, but its performance on head-and-neck patients leaves room for improvement. This study aims to collect insights of the deep-learning-based (DL-based) fluence map prediction model by systematically analyzing its prediction errors. Methods. From the modeling perspective, the DL model’s output is the fluence maps of IMRT plans. However, from the clinical planning perspective, the plan quality evaluation should be based on the clinical dosimetric criteria such as dose-volume histograms. To account for the complex and non-intuitive relationships between fluence map prediction errors and the corresponding dose distribution changes, we propose a novel error analysis approach that systematically examines plan dosimetric changes that are induced by varying amounts of fluence prediction errors. We investigated four decomposition modes of model prediction errors. The two spatial domain decompositions are based on fluence intensity and fluence gradient. The two frequency domain decompositions are based on Fourier-space banded frequency rings and Fourier-space truncated low-frequency disks. The decomposed error was analyzed for its impact on the resulting plans’ dosimetric metrics. The analysis was conducted on 15 test cases spared from the 200 training and 16 validation cases used to train the model. Results. Most planning target volume metrics were significantly correlated with most error decompositions. The Fourier space disk radii had the largest Spearman’s coefficients. The low-frequency region within a disk of ∼20% Fourier space contained most of errors that impact overall plan quality. Conclusions. This study demonstrates the feasibility of using fluence map prediction error analysis to understand the AI agent’s performance. Such insights will help fine-tune the DL models in architecture design and loss function selection.

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Dhabaan, Anees, Eric Elder, Eduard Schreibmann, Ian Crocker, Walter J. Curran, Nelson M. Oyesiku, Hui-Kuo Shu, and Tim Fox. "Dosimetric performance of the new high-definition multileaf collimator for intracranial stereotactic radiosurgery." Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics 11, no. 3 (June 2010): 197–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1120/jacmp.v11i3.3040.

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Sandilos, P., S. Seferlis, C. Antypas, P. Karaiskos, C. Dardoufas, and L. Vlahos. "Technical note: evaluation of dosimetric performance in a commercial 3D treatment planning system." British Journal of Radiology 78, no. 934 (October 2005): 899–905. http://dx.doi.org/10.1259/bjr/57562962.

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Papadakis, A. E., T. G. Maris, F. Zacharopoulou, E. Pappas, G. Zacharakis, and J. Damilakis. "An evaluation of the dosimetric performance characteristics of N-vinylpyrrolidone-based polymer gels." Physics in Medicine and Biology 52, no. 16 (August 1, 2007): 5069–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/52/16/024.

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Gurdalli, Salih, Robert Kuske, Coral A. Quiet, and Victor Howard. "Dosimetric performance of SAVI: A new single-entry, multi-catheter breast brachytherapy applicator." Brachytherapy 7, no. 2 (April 2008): 142–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.brachy.2008.02.385.

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Zhang, Jiang, Q. Jackie Wu, Yaorong Ge, Chunhao Wang, Yang Sheng, Jatinder Palta, Joseph K. Salama, Fang-Fang Yin, and Jiahan Zhang. "Knowledge-Based Statistical Inference Method for Plan Quality Quantification." Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment 18 (January 1, 2019): 153303381985775. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1533033819857758.

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Aim: The aim of the study is to develop a geometrically adaptive and statistically robust plan quality inference method. Methods and Materials: We propose a knowledge-based plan quality inference method that references to similar plans in the historical database for patient-specific plan quality evaluation. First, a novel plan similarity metric with high-dimension geometrical difference quantification is utilized to retrieve similar plans. Subsequently, dosimetric statistical inferences are obtained from the selected similar plans. Two plan quality metrics—dosimetric result probability and dose deviation index—are proposed to quantify plan quality among prior similar plans. To evaluate the performance of the proposed method, we exported 927 clinically approved head and neck treatment plans. Eight organs at risk, including brain stem, cord, larynx, mandible, pharynx, oral cavity, left parotid and right parotid, were analyzed. Twelve suboptimal plans identified by dosimetric result probability were replanned to validate the capability of the proposed methods in identifying inferior plans. Results: After replanning, left and right parotid median doses are reduced by 31.7% and 18.2%, respectively; 83% of these cases would not be identified as suboptimal without the proposed similarity plan selection. Analysis of population plan quality reveals that average parotid sparing has been improving significantly over time (21.7% dosimetric result probability reduction from year 2006-2007 to year 2016-2017). Notably, the increasing dose sparing over time in retrospective plan quality analysis is strongly correlated with the increasing dose prescription ratios to the 2 planning targets, revealing the collective trend in planning conventions. Conclusions: The proposed similar plan retrieval and analysis methodology has been proven to be predictive of the current plan quality. Therefore, the proposed workflow can potentially be applied in the clinics as a real-time plan quality assurance tool. The proposed metrics can also serve the purpose of plan quality analytics in finding connections and historical trends in the clinical treatment planning workflow.

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Postuma, Ian, Sara González, Maria S. Herrera, Lucas Provenzano, Michele Ferrarini, Chiara Magni, Nicoletta Protti, et al. "A Novel Approach to Design and Evaluate BNCT Neutron Beams Combining Physical, Radiobiological, and Dosimetric Figures of Merit." Biology 10, no. 3 (February 26, 2021): 174. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology10030174.

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(1) Background:The quality of neutron beams for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) is currently defined by its physical characteristics in air. Recommendations exist to define whether a designed beam is useful for clinical treatment. This work presents a new way to evaluate neutron beams based on their clinical performance and on their safety, employing radiobiological quantities. (2) Methods: The case study is a neutron beam for deep-seated tumors from a 5 MeV proton beam coupled to a beryllium target. Physical Figures of Merit were used to design five beams; however, they did not allow a clear ranking of their quality in terms of therapeutic potential. The latter was then evaluated based on in-phantom dose distributions and on the calculation of the Uncomplicated Tumor Control Probability (UTCP). The safety of the beams was also evaluated calculating the in-patient out-of-beam dosimetry. (3) Results: All the beams ensured a UTCP comparable to the one of a clinical beam in phantom; the safety criterion allowed to choose the best candidate. When this was tested in the treatment planning of a real patient treated in Finland, the UTCP was still comparable to the one of the clinical beam. (4) Conclusions: Even when standard physical recommendations are not met, radiobiological and dosimetric criteria demonstrate to be a valid tool to select an effective and safe beam for patient treatment.

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Gagnon, Jean-Christophe, Dany Thériault, Mathieu Guillot, Louis Archambault, Sam Beddar, Luc Gingras, and Luc Beaulieu. "Dosimetric performance and array assessment of plastic scintillation detectors for stereotactic radiosurgery quality assurance." Medical Physics 39, no. 1 (December 28, 2011): 429–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.3666765.

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Nakada, R., D. Tatsumi, M. Sakamoto, M. Inoue, T. Ichida, K. Ishii, S. Tsutsumi, R. Ogino, and M. Hosono. "DOSIMETRIC PERFORMANCE OF A 2D DIODE ARRAY FOR VERIFICATION OF VOLUMETRIC MODULATED ARC THERAPY." Radiotherapy and Oncology 92 (August 2009): S212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-8140(12)73155-9.

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Bedogni, R., A. Esposito, G. Carinci, and M. J. García. "Dosimetric performance of the new four element PADC neutron dosemeter of the INFN-LNF." Radiation Measurements 43, no. 2-6 (February 2008): 1108–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.radmeas.2007.11.046.

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Gurdalli, S., R. Kuske, and C. Quiet. "A New Single-Entry Multicatheter Breast Brachytherapy Applicator–Initial Clinical Experience and Dosimetric Performance." International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics 69, no. 3 (November 2007): S233—S234. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2007.07.1223.

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Delaney, Alexander R., Jim P. Tol, Max Dahele, Johan Cuijpers, Ben J. Slotman, and Wilko F. A. R. Verbakel. "Effect of Dosimetric Outliers on the Performance of a Commercial Knowledge-Based Planning Solution." International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics 94, no. 3 (March 2016): 469–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2015.11.011.

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Šolc, Jaroslav, Vladimír Sochor, and Václav Spěváček. "Influence of gelling agents on the dosimetric performance of the Turnbull Blue gel dosimeter." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 250 (November 1, 2010): 012013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/250/1/012013.

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kajaria, Ankit, Neeraj Sharma, Shiru Sharma, Satyajit Pradhan, Abhijit Mandal, and Lalit M. Aggarwal. "Study of unflattened photon beams shaped by multileaf collimator using BEAMnrc code." Journal of Radiotherapy in Practice 15, no. 4 (November 1, 2016): 392–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1460396916000340.

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AbstractPurposeIn our study basic dosimetric properties of a flattening filter free 6 MV photon beam shaped by multileaf collimators (MLC) is examined using the Monte Carlo (MC) method.Methods and MaterialsBEAMnrc code was used to make a MC simulation model for 6 MV photon beam based on Varian Clinic 600 unique performance linac, operated with and without a flattening filter in beam line. Dosimetric features including central axis depth dose, beam profiles, photon and electron spectra were calculated and compared for flattened and unflattened cases.ResultsDosimetric field size and penumbra were found to be smaller for unflattened beam, and the decrease in field size was less for MLC shaped in comparison with jaw-shaped unflattened beam. Increase in dose rate of >2·4 times was observed for unflattened beam indicating a shorter beam delivery time for treatment. MLC leakage was found to decrease significantly when the flattening filter was removed from the beam line. The total scatter factor showed slower deviation with field sizes for unflattened beam indicating a reduced head scatter.ConclusionsOur study demonstrated that improved accelerator characteristics can be achieved by removing flattening filter from beam line.

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D’Avino, Vittoria, Fabrizio Ambrosino, Roberto Bedogni, Abner Ivan C. Campoy, Giuseppe La Verde, Silvia Vernetto, Carlo Francesco Vigorito, and Mariagabriella Pugliese. "Characterization of Thermoluminescent Dosimeters for Neutron Dosimetry at High Altitudes." Sensors 22, no. 15 (July 30, 2022): 5721. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22155721.

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Neutrons constitute a significant component of the secondary cosmic rays and are one of the most important contributors to natural cosmic ray radiation background dose. The study of the cosmic ray neutrons’ contribution to the dose equivalent received by humans is an interesting and challenging task for the scientific community. In addition, international regulations demand assessing the biological risk due to radiation exposure for both workers and the general population. Because the dose rate due to cosmic radiation increases significantly with altitude, the objective of this work was to characterize the thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLDs) from the perspective of exposing them at high altitudes for longtime neutron dose monitoring. The pair of TLD-700 and TLD-600 is amply used to obtain the information on gamma and neutron dose in mixed neutron-gamma fields due to the present difference in 6Li isotope concentration. A thermoluminescence dosimeter system based on pair of TLD-600/700 was characterized to enable it for neutron dosimetry in the thermal energy range. The system was calibrated in terms of neutron ambient dose equivalent in an experimental setup using a 241Am-B radionuclide neutron source coated by a moderator material, polyethylene, creating a thermalized neutron field. Afterward, the pair of TLD-600/700 was exposed at the CERN-EU High-Energy Reference Field (CERF) facility in Geneva, which delivers a neutron field with a spectrum similar to that of secondary cosmic rays. The dosimetric system provided a dose value comparable with the calculated one demonstrating a good performance for neutron dosimetry.

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Zhu, Cong, Radhe Mohan, Steven H. Lin, Goo Jun, Ashraf Yaseen, Xiaoqian Jiang, Qianxia Wang, Wenhua Cao, and Brian P. Hobbs. "Identifying Individualized Risk Profiles for Radiotherapy-Induced Lymphopenia Among Patients With Esophageal Cancer Using Machine Learning." JCO Clinical Cancer Informatics, no. 5 (September 2021): 1044–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/cci.21.00098.

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PURPOSE Radiotherapy (RT)-induced lymphopenia (RIL) is commonly associated with adverse clinical outcomes in patients with cancer. Using machine learning techniques, a retrospective study was conducted for patients with esophageal cancer treated with proton and photon therapies to characterize the principal pretreatment clinical and radiation dosimetric risk factors of grade 4 RIL (G4RIL) as well as to establish G4RIL risk profiles. METHODS A single-institution retrospective data of 746 patients with esophageal cancer treated with photons (n = 500) and protons (n = 246) was reviewed. The primary end point of our study was G4RIL. Clustering techniques were applied to identify patient subpopulations with similar pretreatment clinical and radiation dosimetric characteristics. XGBoost was built on a training set (n = 499) to predict G4RIL risks. Predictive performance was assessed on the remaining n = 247 patients. SHapley Additive exPlanations were used to rank the importance of individual predictors. Counterfactual analyses compared patients' risk profiles assuming that they had switched modalities. RESULTS Baseline absolute lymphocyte count and volumes of lung and spleen receiving ≥ 15 and ≥ 5 Gy, respectively, were the most important G4RIL risk determinants. The model achieved sensitivitytesting-set 0.798 and specificitytesting-set 0.667 with an area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUCtesting-set) of 0.783. The G4RIL risk for an average patient receiving protons increased by 19% had the patient switched to photons. Reductions in G4RIL risk were maximized with proton therapy for patients with older age, lower baseline absolute lymphocyte count, and higher lung and heart dose. CONCLUSION G4RIL risk varies for individual patients with esophageal cancer and is modulated by radiotherapy dosimetric parameters. The framework for machine learning presented can be applied broadly to study risk determinants of other adverse events, providing the basis for adapting treatment strategies for mitigation.

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Jang, HongSeok. "Dosimetic parameter predicting the hepatic complication after helical tomotherapy for patients with unresectable primary hepatocellular carcinoma." Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, no. 4_suppl (February 1, 2012): 324. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.4_suppl.324.

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324 Background: We evaluated the parameters of radiation-induced liver disease (RILD) and deterioration of the hepatic function in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), who were treated with helical tomotherapy. Methods: From April 2009 to October 2010, 32 patients with unresectable primary HCC received hypofractionated radiation therapy using the TomoTherapy Hi-Art (TomoTherapy, Madison, WI, USA) at Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, the Catholic University of Korea. To assess the deterioration of hepatic function, we evaluated the Child-Pugh class (CP class). The gross tumor volume (GTV) were 178.7 ± 216.1 cm3 and the planning target volume (PTV) were 423.1 ± 399.7 cm3. The total dose administered were 50 Gy (range: 32.5-60 Gy) in 10 or 20 fractions (range: 10-24 fractions). We evaluated the clinical parameters for predicting the RILD and the deterioration of the hepatic function (gender, age, ECOG performance saretatus, pretreatment CP class, AJCC stage, pretreatment level of AFP and hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, PVTT and previous treatments) and the dosimetric parameters (GTV, PTV, the non-target liver volume (NTLV). Results: Of 32 patients, we observed that 4 patients (13%) developed RILD after helical tomotherapy. Classical RILD was diagnosed in one patient and non-classical RILD in three patients. In the analysis evaluating the associations between the clinical/dosimetric parameters and the RILD, there was no statistically significant parameter. Of 32 patients, five patients (16%) developed the progression of CP class. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis evaluating the associations between the clinical/dosimetric parameters and the progression of CP class, The NTLV receiving <35 Gy (VBED35) was the only significant parameter associated with the risk of progression of CP class (p = 0.039). Conclusions: The progression of CP class is a dose-limiting toxicity. VBED35 was a significant parameter predicting the risk of the progression of CP class.

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Lee, P. Y., Y. H. Liu, and S. H. Jiang. "Dosimetric performance evaluation regarding proton beam incident angles of a lithium-based AB-BNCT design." Radiation Protection Dosimetry 161, no. 1-4 (February 2, 2014): 403–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rpd/nct362.

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Robinson, M., S. Padmanaban, F. Van den Heuvel, and C. Blesing. "P13.04 * A STUDY ON DOSIMETRIC PERFORMANCE OF 5 MM MLCS FOR VMAT BASED STEREOTACTIC RADIOSURGERY." Neuro-Oncology 16, suppl 2 (September 1, 2014): ii66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/nou174.250.

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Delaney, A., J. Tol, M. Dahele, J. Cuijpers, B. Slotman, and W. Verbakel. "PO-0838: Impact of dosimetric outliers on the performance of a knowledge-based planning system." Radiotherapy and Oncology 119 (April 2016): S397—S398. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-8140(16)32088-6.

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Ade, N., T. L. Nam, and S. H. Mhlanga. "An evaluation of some pertinent parameters that influence the dosimetric performance of synthetic diamond detectors." Radiation Physics and Chemistry 86 (May 2013): 42–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2013.01.038.

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