Academic literature on the topic 'DOOH advertising'

This reseach to study the effectiveness of business transformation strategy in PT Metra Digital Media and to know the difference increasing of company earnings in DOOH (Digital Out Of Home) product in PT Metra Digital Media, before and after implementation of business transformation strategy. The sample cases in this research are 22 customer companies that have not followed the business transformation process, which is advertised through the directory and control samples, and 22 customer companies that have been following the business transformation process are advertising through DOOH (Digital Out Of Home). Calculation data analysis using SPSS (Statistical Data Analysis) test that Independent-Samples T-Test. The results showed that the effectiveness of the implementation of business transformation strategy applies to product indicator, payment method, service and sales, because the OR (Odd Ratio) value is higher in companies that choose DOOH, while those that are not effectively selected are indicator of the period of exposure and popularity, the difference increasing of company earnings on DOOH (Digital Out Of Home) products at PT Metra Digital Media before and after the implementation of business transformation strategy is evidenced from p = 0,016 (sig <0,05) and hypothesis is accepted.

Abstract Advertising, by its accessibility, is incredibly powerful in spreading stereotypical representations. The way women are portrayed in advertising in different countries and cultures has been a subject of research for more decades. The paper aims to examine the way women are portrayed in advertising campaigns in Romania. The study focuses on finding the stereotypes used and their characteristics by qualitatively analyzing ads from brands’ YouTube channels. We identified seven stereotypes and the analysis shows that women portrayals are idealized in Romanian advertising. Although there are some modern approaches to the representations, ads do not reflect contemporary female roles. The most frequent stereotype is the Next-Door Woman, a stereotype that emphasis on the cuteness of the woman, not on her intelligence. Romanian brands’ advertising lacks campaigns promoting women empowerment.

This article discusses the business strategies formulated by Egyptian marketers as they established their enterprises to meet new multinational corporations' (MNCs') demand for marketing—research, promotion, and advertising services. This transition occurred during a period of economic liberalization, known locally as the infitah (open-door era), and rapid economic growth, resulting from the regional oil-boom of the early 1970s. Local entrepreneurship and competition for accounts would create a new, “glocal” business environment in Egypt, which concurrently mediated MNCs adaptation to local economic conditions and “Egyptianized” imported goods.

Background Cigarette smoking has challenged the security and social context of youth, health and public health. On the other hand, the negligent view has caused the society to move more towards the normalization of smoking and the youth are attracted to it more and more every day. The aim of this study is to etiology the tendency to smoke by looking at the life experiences of young smokers. Materials and Methods This qualitative study was conducted in Tehran in 2020 using Phenomenological method and using semi-structured interviews with 14 young people aged 20 to 35 years who were smoking daily and continuously. Participants were selected using purposive sampling method. Sampling in order to receive the data continued until the saturation stage and then the collected data were analyzed by coding method. Results Analyzing participants' experiences led to the identification of 113 primary codes, 19 sub-categories, 8 subclass and finally 2 main categories. Subclasses included cognitive distortion of the effects of smoking, smoking to reduce psychological problems, consumption to compensate for the feeling of self-doubt, desire to consume when low mood, feeling different when consuming, desire to consume In response to art-induced emotions, easy access to cigarettes, the adverse effect of negative advertising and the main classes consisted of intrapersonal components and extrapersonal interpersonal components Tendency to smoke in youth. Conclusion Examining the lived experiences of young people in smoking causes a deeper understanding of the components of smoking and consequently leads to a better and faster understanding of other young people of these experiences. Extended Abstract Background and Objectives Youth is the most special period of human life that is full of new experiences and of course sensitive and challenging risks. It is essential that, in their critical period which is full of choices to be made, the young generation go through this stage successfully and make it to an integrated identity. However, the young living in the current stressful and risky conditions, with few contacts and often experiencing lack of trust and confidence in their social environment can end up a failure, imposing serious challenges on society. The ubiquitous presence of the young in the society at large, including the family, labor market, universities, etc. reinforces their social bases, which in turn leads to their increasing focus on adopting risky behaviors.One of these deviant behaviors is smoking, which is always lurking in the youth. Thus, understanding the driving forces of smoking, from the perspective of young people, in a qualitative and conversational format is needed to be able to better understand their mental world in this regard with the ultimate goal of hindering the process or preventing them from picking up the habit. Material and Methods The present study adopted qualitative research approach and phenomenological method in order to enter the depths of the minds and lived experiences of young people about smoking and thus, get to know their inner world better. In this regard, the interview (semi-structured) was conducted with 14 young girls and boys living in Tehran, who were at the age range of 20 to 35 years in 1399, through a dialogue and narrative method. Participants in this study were selected, using purposive sampling. Sampling was continued until the saturation stage in order to obtain the data, and then the collected data were analyzed by coding method. Necessary criteria for entering the study included satisfaction and willingness to participate in the study, being at the age bracket of 20 to 35 years, and finally, continuous and daily dependence on smoking. Also, the lack of conscious satisfaction or unwillingness to continue cooperation for any reason and lack of smoking experience were among the criteria for exclusion from the study. Then a list of questions was prepared with the approval of the supervisors on the subject. The youth were then asked in a separate, quiet room to freely and narratively express their views on smoking. The interview sessions lasted between 60 and 90 minutes, and the focus of the conversations was on the etiology of smoking tendencies from the perspective of the young participants in the study. Finally, after 14 interviews, the content of the conversations was carefully implemented and the data coding process began. This process started from grouping and classification at low levels in the form of concepts and ended with reclassifying themes at the highest abstract level until finally a report of primary codes, sub-categories, subclasses and the main categories was obtained. Finally, the validity of the data was proved to the researcher by the participants’ confirmation and reviewing of the expert colleagues. Results Careful analysis of the participants' interview texts led to the identification of 113 primary codes, 19 subcategories, 8 subcategories, and finally 2 main categories. One of the main categories of the tendency to smoke was the Intrapersonal dimension, such as cognitive falsification of the effects of smoking, use of cigarettes to reduce psychological problems, smoking to compensate for feelings of inferiority, and the desire to smoke when in low spirits. In this direction, young people focused on expressing their desire to smoke more to themselves and the perceptions and problems that existed around their personality and behavioral dimensions. In fact, young people considered things that were a kind of defect or shortage in life, such as lack of peace or problems such as depression and anxiety, as the cause of their desire to smoke. Of course, in addition to these cases, young people, through smoking, also strengthened the characteristics that were necessary during when facing serious challenges in society, such as focusing more during workload or daring to get into difficult situations. Thus, part of the drive for the young smokers was related to their attempt to cover up or, justifying their actions in their minds. Another major category extracted from interviews with young people was the interpersonal, extrapersonal dimensions of the tendency to smoke, which included feeling of being different when consuming, a desire to consume in response to art-influenced emotions, easy access to cigarettes and the opposite effect of negative advertising. Young people in this category of reasons for smoking pointed to the systems around them from family and friends to educational environments and the macro level, i.e. society. Film and cinema, advertising and the bedrock of society in the field of access to smoking are in the macro-social sphere that directly and indirectly lead young people to smoking. On the other hand, young people use smoking to neutralize the feeling of lack in society, in such a way that smoking induces them to feel different, which is considered valuable in the heart of society. This feeling, under normal circumstances, requires activities that are beyond their means. Therefore, from this perspective, smoking is the means through which one gets access to communication and interaction channels in youth systems, which is considered a significant privilege for the young. Conclusion Young people today have more winding paths than generations of recent decades and are more likely to become smokers. Therefore, identifying important components in beginning to smoke requires paying attention to the views and experiences of young people in this field. Due to the fact that smoking is very popular among young people, it should be considered comprehensively and multi-dimensionally in terms of individual and context. Because, in recent decades, cigarette smoking has become a symbol of self-centeredness for young people and a factor of self-expression in social terms. Therefore, smoking has been affected by both the individual and social structures, which have caused young people to adapt in different situations. As a result, conducting an inclusive or comprehensive analysis of smoking tendencies can help consider all the facts and needs, and do away with the narrower, one dimensional view of smoking at the same time. Practical implications of research It is hoped that the topics of the present study will be on the agenda of health promotion programs in the field of prevention in organizations, universities and youth-related entertainment centers, and given that the topics are derived from the young people’s words, they are realistic. The categories of the present research in the form of a workshop and in the form of roundtables and conversations with young smokers have led to more depth and richness of conversations so that their points of view in this direction are better identified. Ethical considerations In the present study, informed consent to participate in the study was fully observed and all participants were given the authority to leave the research process if they did not wish to continue. Conflict of interest The process of the present study is done independently and does not involve any conflict of interest in terms of organization. Aknowledgment The present study is extracted from a doctoral dissertation with the code of ethics IR.ATU.REC.1398.011 from the National System of Ethics in Biomedical Research, which was approved by Allameh Tabatabai University.

Retail markets have been one of the most rapid-growing markets in the world for the last decade; to stay competitive, retailers use effective sales promotions tools and that become a vital technique for marketers to stimulate consumer buying behavior towards purchasing any product. This study aims to determine the impact of the most used tools of sales promotion in the retail sector such as coupons, sample, price discount and buy one get one free on consumer buying behavior from two aspects: brand switching and customer loyalty. This study based on a literature review, conceptual framework and hypothesis which open the door for future researchers to expand more in this field.

This article discusses the effectiveness of the new student admission socialization program on the decision of the prospective student to enroll in the State Islamic Institute (IAIN) Palu. The problem studied is How are the efforts of socialization of new student admissions applied at IAIN Palu? What is the most effective socialization attempt for student candidate's admission at IAIN Palu? This research uses survey research design combined with descriptive qualitative analysis model. Data collection using questionnaire method supported by interview and collecting a documentations. The results showed that the socialization efforts applied in IAIN Palu was by utilizing mass media and school visit. An effective efforts of socialization for introducing institutions to the public is unprogrammed in schedules, they used word to word (door to door) and publicity promotion. Nevertheless, regular programmed socialization models are held regularly every day before the admission of new students, usually used advertising and “personal selling” through visits to schools, is still quite effective. While the main consideration factor for enrolling in IAIN Palu is the availability of courses appropriate to their interests.

This study aims to find out the relevance of marketing strategies for gas stations in China. According to IBISWorld, the companies holding the largest market shares in China’s gas station industry include China Petrochemical Corporation, China National Petroleum Corporation, Sinochem Corporation, China National Offshore Oil Corporation, and BP (China) Holdings Limited. Marketing has changed over the past several years. Similarly, gas station marketing is all about more customers, greater sales, and higher profits. Technology provides many different marketing tools to see more fresh faces at the door, increase repeat sales, and improve profits. Word-of-mouth advertising should be encouraged, especially when contests are being held. The prizes from these contests may include car essentials, free coffee, free car wash, or coupons to be used at convenience stores. Customers who have won these contests would surely go around advertising the particular gas station, ultimately bringing in more customers. Other than that, managers can boost the sales volume through radio promotions as well. This study also aims to give future businessmen and women some ideas on how to deal with different kinds of strategies when it comes to marketing, especially in China in hope to cater and prove to the people of China the possibility of promoting businesses, such as the oil industry.

This paper is the result of a three-month monitoring of Serbian television commercials which aimed to study the way elderly people are represented in the media. Elderly people appear in only six commercials, more often as a functional part of a series than as protagonists. Yet in spite of the small number of commercials in which they appear, it is easy to identify the stereotypes which are translated from a social paradigm into the sphere of the media. The stereotypes on which commercials are based belong for the most part to the corpus of negative stereotypes of elderly people as hopelessly behind the times, feeble, lonely, irritating, cantankerous, etc. Some positive stereotypes are also evident, but they are mostly limited to a perception of elderly people as kindly givers of useful advice. It is interesting to note that the "cantankerous people next door" are as a rule anonymous elderly people, as are those "lost in time and space", who are mostly elderly women. In contrast, those who let their careers and images be associated with a certain product, in order to pass on their great experience and knowledge, are as a rule famous persons. Just as it is possible to make a distinction between commercials depending on whether or not the products advertised are targeted at the elderly – which they rarely are – and whether elderly people appear in leading or supporting roles, in order to make viewers laugh or annoy them, so it is possible to distinguish between the "real-life principle", which involves the translation of the society’s dominant attitudes into commercials, and "commercial reality", which either makes old age invisible or "masks" it so that it is pleasant to the eye. The reason that old people are absent from television commercials or are mostly represented in a negative light is to be found in the low purchasing power of this age group, but also in the fact that advertising in Serbia developed practically overnight, and therefore has not always been able to follow foreign advertising trends, which treat the elderly as a worthy target audience for commercials.

The Avon Lady was a woman who sold cosmetics door-to-door and earned commissions on her sales. In the 1950s, she became famous in a long-running advertising campaign that featured a two-chime doorbell, “Ding Dong!,” followed by the greeting “Avon Calling!” At that time, more than 250,000 women worked as Avon Ladies, and together they represented the largest female direct sales force in the world. Avon began as the California Perfume Company in 1886. Its founder, David McConnell, had sought to provide women with an independent business opportunity largely hoping to soften the seedy reputation of itinerant peddlers. When the company created the Avon brand of cosmetics in the 1930s, changing its name to Avon Products in 1939, it stood as a leader in the direct selling industry and the only company to hire women exclusively as its representatives. This history explores the business of those representatives and the way they were managed. In the second half of the twentieth century, Avon became the largest direct sales company in the United States, spurred by a growing white suburban market. Avon hesitated until the late 1960s to develop recruiting and sales in the African American market, but by the 1970s it was regarded as a leader in affirmative action programs to diversify its workplace and promote women in management. Still, Avon’s executive suite remained a male preserve until Andrea Jung became its first female CEO in 1999. Although Avon closed its doors in 2016, it had earned a solid reputation as a company by women, and for women.

The ‘front-door’ covers marketing, Originations and Account Management processes—areas not associated with problem accounts. (1)Marketing—attracts people to the door. An area with a different culture and greater latitude. Much relates to advertising and pre-screening of applicants. The data used can be different and varied. (2)Originations—vets them before they come in. The process is i) gather—information through whatever means; ii) sort—into strategy buckets {internal and external enquiries and assess}; and iii) action—decline or accept, with possible down-, up-, or cross-sales, and needs for documentation and fulfilment. (3)Account Management—which manages them once inside, with delineations between types of credit users {takes, askers, givers, repeaters, leavers} and types of lending limits {agreed, target, shadow} Most relates to how risk assessments are used as part of the process, mostly with respect to current accounts and credit cards.

From the 1950s to the 1970s, Avon increased its representative force from 26,000 to more than 6 million women selling products around the world, and it became a leader in both the direct sales and cosmetics industries. Avon developed its iconic advertising campaign, “Ding Dong! Avon Calling!” which promoted both the distinctive door-to-door sales service to customers as well as a recruiting message to attract women to the business opportunity. Avon became established in new white suburban neighborhoods, then expanded into the African American market in the 1960s. In the 1960s, Avon worked to uphold affirmative action and equal opportunity laws, increasing the number of minority employees in its sales staff as well as its corporate offices and manufacturing facilities. Avon named two women to the board of directors in the 1970s, turning its attention to creating a supportive workplace for women. Public relations campaigns sought to rebrand the direct selling opportunity as a business on par with new career paths opening to women during second wave feminism.

This chapter examines one of nine critical forces behind purchase decisions that make mobile advertising so powerful: trajectory. An individual's trajectory is the physical, behavioral trace of his or her offline movements. Firms can measure when we walk past their physical stores, when we come through the front door, when we walked up to the second floor, and so on. Trajectory has three dimensions: time, route, and velocity. Time includes the starting and ending point of the trajectory and the day of the week. Route is not location itself, but rather a way to determine how similar someone's spatial trajectory is to others. Velocity contains information about how fast the individuals are moving. Underlying these three dimensions is a fourth and far more granular dimension called semantics. Semantics takes a number of factors into account, such as the likelihood that someone may visit a certain store, how much time they spend there, how much time they spend moving to another location, and how related or unrelated those two stores are.

This chapter sets the scene for the rest of the book by describing the emergence of non-legally binding enforcement agreements among large Internet firms through a series of closed-door meetings. It introduces the key actors: mostly U.S.-based Internet firms, multinational rights holders, influential industry associations, and policymakers and politicians from the U.S., U.K., and European Commission. Together these actors form a private transnational regime with the goal of suppressing the trafficking of counterfeit goods on the Internet. To provide context, the chapter explains the importance of regulating intellectual property rights to rights holders and governments, as well as the many challenges involved in identifying and policing the distribution of counterfeit goods. The chapter introduces the concept of ‘macro-intermediaries’ (which are globally operating, powerful Internet firms) and explains how these major Internet firms regulate through technology (termed ‘techno-regulation’) to remove content from and disable websites selling counterfeit goods. It describes the focus on five types of Internet sectors (search, advertising, payment, domain name, and marketplace). Companies providing these services can enact different types of regulatory ‘chokepoints’ to target the distribution of counterfeit goods.