Academic literature on the topic 'Donaldson theory'

ABSTRACT:Of the many developments in business ethics that Thomas Donaldson has helped pioneer, one is the application of social contract theory to address questions about the responsibilities of business actors. InCorporations and Morality, Donaldson develops one of the most sustained and comprehensive accounts that aims to justify the existence of for-profit corporations and to specify and ground their responsibilities. In order to further our understanding about the purpose and responsibilities of productive organizations, and as a contribution to the scholarship on Donaldson’s thought, this paper gathers together the critical responses to Donaldson’s account along with Donaldson’s replies to his critics. The paper argues that we would do well to continue engaging with Donaldson’s account because of its distinctive and challenging conception of the purpose and responsibilities of productive organizations, but that many of the insights to be gained come from reframing the role played by social contract theory.

AbstractWe study the relative Donaldson–Thomas theory of 𝒜n×P1, where 𝒜n is the surface resolution of type An singularity. The action of divisor operators in the theory is expressed in terms of operators of the affine algebra $\glh $ on Fock space. Assuming a nondegeneracy conjecture, this gives a complete solution for the theory. The results complete the comparison of this theory with the Gromov–Witten theory of 𝒜n×P1 and the quantum cohomology of the Hilbert scheme of points on 𝒜n.

This essay is a zoologist’s response to Zoopolis. A political theory of animal rights by Donaldson and Kymlicka (2011). What drew me to look at their new approach was that geography played a part in conceptualising animal communities and, in particular, the specific focus on wild animals and urban wildlife. To oversimplify, Donaldson and Kymlicka say, much of the debate operates within one of three basic moral frameworks: a welfarist, an ecological and a basic rights approach, but none has proved capable of fundamental change. That change will only be possible, they consider, if we can develop a new moral framework that connects the treatment of animals more directly to the fundamental principles of liberal–democratic justice and human rights. A major point of agreement between zoologists and Donaldson’s and Kymlicka’s views is that animals deserve more than being over-ridden at every encounter with human interests. A major stalling point in advocating a dialogue between animal rights theorists and zoologists is where Donaldson and Kymlicka accept the animal rights position at the outset, rather than letting their thesis play out to see what their position might be for each geographic zone and for each species. Also, it is clear that Donaldson’s and Kymlicka’s starting point is the traditional animal rights agenda, which rules out animal research as morally illegitimate. The conservation of Australia’s fauna could not survive in that regime. Consequently, I cannot advocate dialogue between animal rights theorists and zoologists from a critical reading of Zoopolis.

This thesis presents a series of results obtained in [13, 18, 19, 23{25, 87]. In [19], we prove a Darboux theorem for derived schemes with symplectic forms of degree k < 0, in the sense of [142]. We use this to show that the classical scheme X = t₀(X) has the structure of an algebraic d-critical locus, in the sense of Joyce [87]. Then, if (X, s) is an oriented d-critical locus, we prove in [18] that there is a natural perverse sheaf P·_X,s on X, and in [25], we construct a natural motive MF_X,s, in a certain quotient ring M^μ_X of the μ-equivariant motivic Grothendieck ring M^μ_X, and used in Kontsevich and Soibelman's theory of motivic Donaldson-Thomas invariants [102]. In [13], we obtain similar results for k-shifted symplectic derived Artin stacks. We apply this theory to categorifying Donaldson-Thomas invariants of Calabi-Yau 3-folds, and to categorifying Lagrangian intersections in a complex symplectic manifold using perverse sheaves, and to prove the existence of natural motives on moduli schemes of coherent sheaves on a Calabi-Yau 3-fold equipped with 'orientation data', as required in Kontsevich and Soibelman's motivic Donaldson-Thomas theory [102], and on intersections L??M of oriented Lagrangians L,M in an algebraic symplectic manifold (S,ω). In [23] we show that if (S,ω) is a complex symplectic manifold, and L,M are complex Lagrangians in S, then the intersection X= L??M, as a complex analytic subspace of S, extends naturally to a complex analytic d-critical locus (X, s) in the sense of Joyce [87]. If the canonical bundles K_L,K_M have square roots K^1/2_L, K^1/2_M then (X, s) is oriented, and we provide a direct construction of a perverse sheaf P·_L,M on X, which coincides with the one constructed in [18]. In [24] we have a more in depth investigation in generalized Donaldson-Thomas invariants DT^α(τ) defined by Joyce and Song [85]. We propose a new algebraic method to extend the theory to algebraically closed fields K of characteristic zero, rather than K = C, and we conjecture the extension of generalized Donaldson-Thomas theory to compactly supported coherent sheaves on noncompact quasi-projective Calabi-Yau 3-folds, and to complexes of coherent sheaves on Calabi-Yau 3-folds.

This thesis consists of the manuscripts of two research papers. In the first paper, we verify a recent conjecture of Kenyon/Szendroi by computing the generating function for pyramid partitions. Pyramid partitions are closely related to Aztec Diamonds; their generating function turns out to be the partition function for the Donaldson-Thomas theory of a non-commutative resolution of the conifold singularity {x₁‚x₂‚‚ - x₃‚ƒx₄‚„ = 0}⊂ C⁴. The proof does not require algebraic geometry; it uses a modified version of the domino (or dimer) shuffling algorithm of Elkies, Kuperberg, Larsen and Propp. In the second paper, we derive two multivariate generating functions for three-dimensional Young diagrams (also called plane partitions). The variables correspond to a colouring of the boxes according to a finite abelian subgroup G of SO(3). These generating functions turn out to be orbifold Donaldson-Thomas partition functions for the orbifold [C³/G]. We need only the vertex operator methods of Okounkov-Reshetikhin-Vafa for the easy case G = Zn; to handle the considerably more difficult case G = Z₂‚‚ x Z₂‚‚, we will also use a refinement of the author's recent q-enumeration of pyramid partitions. In the appendix, written by Jim Bryan, we relate the diagram generating functions to the Donaldson-Thomas partition functions of the orbifold [C³/G]. We find a relationship between the Donaldson-Thomas partition functions of the orbifold and its G-Hilbert scheme resolution. We formulate a crepant resolution conjecture for the Donaldson-Thomas theory of local orbifolds satisfying the Hard Lefschetz condition.

We use toric symmetry and blowups to study relationships in the Gromov-Witten theories of $\mathbb{P}^3$ and $\mathbb{P}^1\!\times\!\mathbb{P}^1\!\times\!\mathbb{P}^1$. These two spaces are birationally equivalent via the common blowup space, the permutohedral variety. We prove an equivalence of certain invariants on blowups at only points of $\mathbb{P}^3$ and $\mathbb{P}^1\!\times\!\mathbb{P}^1\!\times\!\mathbb{P}^1$ by showing that these invariants descend from the blowup. Further, the permutohedral variety has nontrivial automorphisms of its cohomology coming from toric symmetry. These symmetries can be forced to descend to the blowups at just points of $\mathbb{P}^3$ and $\mathbb{P}^1\!\times\!\mathbb{P}^1\!\times\!\mathbb{P}^1$. Enumerative consequences are discussed.

In this thesis, we study the Donaldson-Thomas theory of local curves. The motivation is the Gromov-Witten/Donaldson-Thomas correspondence. First, we review the gauge theory motivation of the original construction and the history of the Donaldson-Thomas theory. Then we review the construction of Gieseker-Maruyama-Simpson moduli spaces and their relation with Hilbert schemes of threefolds. We also review the concept of a perfect obstruction theory and its relation with the virtual fundamental classes. Then we describe the Gromov-Witten/Donaldson-Thomas correspondence and the equivariant generalization. We study the equivariant Donaldson-Thomas theory of two types of threefolds. First, we consider the total space of P²-bundles over smooth curves of genus g with (C*)³ action along the fiber, and we consider the curve class of a section plus the class of a line in the fiber. We compute the Donaldson-Thomas partition function up to the first order and we find that it agrees with the Gromov-Witten prediction. The second case we consider is the local curve case. The threefold is the total space of a direct sum of two line bundles of opposite degree with an anti-diagonal action along the fiber. Based on the calculation from Gromov-Witten theory, the only non-trivial contributions to the Donaldson-Thomas partition function come from components that parametrize subschemes of pure dimension. We compute these contributions and find that they agree with the Gromov-Witten prediction. We are also able to verify the vanishing of contributions from the so-called product-type components.
Science, Faculty of
Mathematics, Department of
Graduate

令X 為個帶有凱勒形式(Kähler form ω) 以及全純四形式( holomorphic four- form Ω )的四維緊致卡拉比丘空間(Calabi-Yau manifolds) 。在一些假設條件下，通過研究Donaldson- Thomas方程所決定的模空間，我們定義了四維Donaldson-Thomas不變量。我們也對四維局部卡拉比丘空間(local Calabi-Yau four-folds) 定義了四維Donaldson-Thomas 不變量，並且將之聯繫到三維Fano空間的Donaldson- Thomas 不變量。在一些情況下，我們還研究了DT/GW不變量對應。最后，我們在模空間光滑時計算了一些四維Donaldson- Thomas不變量。
Let X be a complex four-dimensional compact Calabi-Yau manifold equipped with a Kahler form ω and a holomorphic four-form Ω. Under certain assumptions, we de ne Donaldson-Thomas type deformation invariants by studying the moduli space of the solutions of Donaldson-Thomas equations on the given Calabi-Yau manifold. We also study sheaves counting on local Calabi-Yau four-folds. We relate the sheaves countings over X = KY with the Donaldson- Thomas invariants for the associated compact three-fold Y . In some specialcases, we prove the DT/GW correspondence for X. Finally, we compute the Donaldson-Thomas invariants of certain Calabi-Yau four-folds when the moduli spaces are smooth.
Detailed summary in vernacular field only.
Cao, Yalong.
Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2013.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 100-105).
Abstracts also in Chinese.
Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.6
Chapter 2 --- The *4 operator --- p.18
Chapter 2.1 --- The *4 operator for bundles --- p.18
Chapter 2.2 --- The *4 operator for general coherent sheaves --- p.20
Chapter 3 --- Local Kuranishi structure of DT₄ moduli spaces --- p.22
Chapter 4 --- Compactification of DT₄ moduli spaces --- p.34
Chapter 4.1 --- Stable bundles compactification of DT₄ moduli spaces --- p.34
Chapter 4.2 --- Attempted general compactification of DT₄ moduli spaces --- p.36
Chapter 5 --- Virtual cycle construction --- p.39
Chapter 5.1 --- Virtual cycle construction for DT₄ moduli spaces --- p.40
Chapter 5.2 --- Virtual cycle construction for generalized DT₄ moduli spaces --- p.48
Chapter 6 --- DT4 invariants for compactly supported sheaves on local CY₄ --- p.52
Chapter 6.1 --- The case of X = KY --- p.52
Chapter 6.2 --- The case of X = T*S --- p.57
Chapter 7 --- DT₄ invariants on toric CY₄ via localization --- p.66
Chapter 8 --- Computational examples --- p.70
Chapter 8.1 --- DT₄=GW correspondence in some special cases --- p.71
Chapter 8.1.1 --- The case of Hol(X) = SU(4) --- p.72
Chapter 8.1.2 --- The case of Hol(X) = Sp(2) --- p.77
Chapter 8.2 --- Some remarks on cosection localizations for hyper-kähler four-folds --- p.79
Chapter 8.3 --- Li-Qin's examples --- p.80
Chapter 8.4 --- Moduli space of ideal sheaves of one point --- p.83
Chapter 9 --- Appendix --- p.85
Chapter 9.1 --- Local Kuranishi models of Mc° --- p.85
Chapter 9.2 --- Some remarks on the orientability of the determinant line bundles on the (generalized) DT₄ moduli spaces --- p.87
Chapter 9.3 --- Seidel-Thomas twists --- p.90
Chapter 9.4 --- A quiver representation of Mc --- p.92

The disc embedding theorem provides a detailed proof of the eponymous theorem in 4-manifold topology. The theorem, due to Michael Freedman, underpins virtually all of our understanding of 4-manifolds in the topological category. Most famously, this includes the 4-dimensional topological Poincaré conjecture. Combined with the concurrent work of Simon Donaldson, the theorem reveals a remarkable disparity between the topological and smooth categories for 4-manifolds. A thorough exposition of Freedman’s proof of the disc embedding theorem is given, with many new details. A self-contained account of decomposition space theory, a beautiful but outmoded branch of topology that produces non-differentiable homeomorphisms between manifolds, is provided. Techniques from decomposition space theory are used to show that an object produced by an infinite, iterative process, which we call a skyscraper, is homeomorphic to a thickened disc, relative to its boundary. A stand-alone interlude explains the disc embedding theorem’s key role in smoothing theory, the existence of exotic smooth structures on Euclidean space, and all known homeomorphism classifications of 4-manifolds via surgery theory and the s-cobordism theorem. The book is written to be accessible to graduate students working on 4-manifolds, as well as researchers in related areas. It contains over a hundred professionally rendered figures.

This final chapter explores the range of ideas current in the contemporary animal ethics debate. Much of the chapter is devoted to documenting the critique of the animal welfare ethic, which holds that, while animals have moral standing, humans, being persons, have a superior moral status. Three different strands of this critique—based on utilitarian, rights, and contractarian approaches—are identified and explored. The final part of the chapter documents the fragmentation of the animal ethics debate in recent years. This has included a more nuanced position which seeks to decouple animal rights from abolitionism, accounts of animal ethics from virtue ethics and capabilities perspectives, and a relational turn associated with the feminist care ethic tradition and, more recently, the utilization of citizenship theory by Donaldson and Kymlicka.

AbstractStephen Clark’s article The Rights of Wild Things from 1979 was the starting point for the consideration in the animal ethics literature of the so-called ‘predation problem’. Clark examines the response of David George Ritchie to Henry Stephens Salt, the first writer who has argued explicitly in favor of animal rights. Ritchie attempts to demonstrate—via reductio ad absurdum—that animals cannot have rights, because granting them rights would oblige us to protect prey animals against predators that wrongly violate their rights. This article navigates the reader through the debate sparked off by Clarke’s article, with as final destination what I consider to be the best way to deal with the predation problem. I will successively discuss arguments against the predation reductio from Singer’s utilitarian approach, Regan’s deontological approach, Nussbaum’s capability approach, and Donaldson and Kymlicka’s political theory of animal rights.

This chapter provides elaboration of stakeholder theory, commencing with four general perspectives on stakeholder theory as identified by Donaldson and Preston (1995). This is followed by a discussion of how CSR or corporate social responsibility has influenced thinking about stakeholders and forms an integral part of the normative perspective. Carroll’s (1993) popular CSR model has been adapted and modified for this book, providing a more integrated and relevant approach. Defining and classifying stakeholders is the third major topic covered, drawing first on generic stakeholder theory and commencing with a discussion of primary and secondary, active and passive stakeholders. Particularly attention is given to the framework provided by Mitchell, Agle and Wood (1997) that defines ‘stockholder salience’ as a combination of ‘legitimacy, power and urgency’. These terms are explored in detail. The chapter concludes with an examination of event and tourism stakeholders, including a diagram and research notes from the events and tourism literature.

Type II HANE is characterized by a deficiency of Cl-inhibitor (Cl-INH) activity in serum which is associated with a dysfunctional inhibitor protein having a normal or increased quantity o|_the antigenic properties of normal serum Cl-inhibitor. Dysfunctional Cl-INH proteins were purified from members_of eight different kindred with Type II HANE and compared to normal Cl-inhibitor with respect to their inhibitory activity directed against the amidolytic and clot-promoting properties of purified activated Hageman factor. All but one dysfunctional Cl-inhibitor blocked the amidolytic activity of ellagic acid-activated Hageman factor; all eight blocked the clot-promoting activity of Hageman factor activated in solutions of sulfatides and BSA. The inhibition _of amidolytic activity was equal to or greater than that of normal Cl-INH (Donaldson, et al., 3. Clin. Invest. 75:124,1985). The impairment of the specific Hageman factor coagulant activity of activated Hageman factor by six^f the eight dysfunctional inhibitors was less than that of the normal Cl-inhibitor, although readily measured. Dysfunctional Cl-inhibitor proteins were also heterogeneous with respect to their formation of stable complexes and their susceptibility to cleavage by Hageman factor activated with BSA-sulfatides when analyzed in SDS-gel electrophoresis. Although these observatons cannot be directly applied to in vivo pathophysiologic changes in plasma, dysfunctional Cl-inhibitors do have the potential of regulating activated Hageman factor.

Abstract Human’s motion and its mechanisms had become interesting in the last years, where the medecine’s field search for rehabilitation methods for handicapped persons. Other fields, like sport sciences, professional or military world, search to distinguish profiles and ways to train them with specific purposes. Besides, recent findings in neuroscience try to describe these mechanisms from an organic point of view. Until now, different researchs had given a model about control motor that describes how the union between the senses’s information allows adaptable movements. One of this sense is the proprioception, the sense which has a quite big factor in the orientation and position of the body, its members and joints. For this reason, research for new strategies to explore proprioception and improve the theories of human motion could be done by three different vias. At first, the sense is analysed in a case-study where three groups of persons are compared in a controlled enviroment with three experimental tasks. The subjects belong to each group by the kind of sport they do: sedentary, normal sportsmen (e.g. athletics, swimming) and martial sportmen (e.g. karate, judo). They are compared thinking about the following hypothesis: “Martial Sportmen have a better proprioception than of the other groups’s subjects: It could be due to the type of exercises they do in their sports as empirically, a contact sportsman shows significantly superior motor skills to the members of the other two groups. The second via are records from encephalogram (EEG) while the experimental tasks are doing. These records are analised a posteriori with a set of processing algorithms to extract characteristics about brain’s activity of the proprioception and motion control. 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