Academic literature on the topic 'Donald Brook'

In 1976, I took up a faculty position in the Department of Geosciences of Stony Brook University. Over the next half century, in collaboration with graduate students from the U.S., China and Russia and postdoctoral colleagues from Australia, France and Japan, we pursued studies of the elastic properties of minerals (and their structural analogues) at high pressures and temperatures. In the 1980s, together with Donald Weidner, we established the Stony Brook High Pressure Laboratory and the Mineral Physics Institute. In 1991, in collaboration with Alexandra Navrotsky at Princeton University and Charles Prewitt at the Geophysical Laboratory, we founded the NSF Science and Technology Center for High Pressure Research.

Pages R837–R847: K. A. Engelke, D. F. Doerr, and V. A. Convertino. “Application of acute maximal exercise to protect orthostatic tolerance after simulated microgravity.” On p. 837, the author line of the article and abstract and the affiliation line should read as follows: KEITH A. ENGELKE, DONALD F. DOERR,CRAIG G. CRANDALL, AND VICTOR A. CONVERTINO Department of Physiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610; National Aeronautics and Space Administration-Kennedy Space Center, Cape Canaveral, Florida 32899;Department of Physiology, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Ft. Worth, Texas 76107; and Physiology Research Branch, Clinical Science Division, Brooks Air Force Base, Texas 78235

Pages R837–R847: K. A. Engelke, D. F. Doerr, and V. A. Convertino. “Application of acute maximal exercise to protect orthostatic tolerance after simulated microgravity.” On p. 837, the author line of the article and abstract and the affiliation line should read as follows: KEITH A. ENGELKE, DONALD F. DOERR, CRAIG G. CRANDALL, AND VICTOR A. CONVERTINO Department of Physiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610; National Aeronautics and Space Administration-Kennedy Space Center, Cape Canaveral, Florida 32899; Department of Physiology, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Ft. Worth, Texas 76107; and Physiology Research Branch, Clinical Science Division, Brooks Air Force Base, Texas 78235

We are delighted to announce the appointment of Professor Donald Broom, Colleen Macleod Professor of Animal Welfare, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge to the journal's panel of Editorial Advisers. We also welcome two new Section Editors to the journal's Editorial Board: Professor David Fraser of the Animal Welfare Program, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Centre for Applied Ethics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver; and Professor Peter Sandøe of the Department of Animal Science and Animal Health, Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Copenhagen. Professor Sandøe will act as our Section Editor for papers in ‘Ethics and Philosophy’ and Professor Fraser for papers on ‘General Animal Welfare Science’. All three will be well known to Animal Welfare readers and have contributed to the journal in the past. The new Section Editors have joined the Board following Professor Marian Stamp Dawkin's decision to step down as Section Editor of the ‘Ethics and Philosophy ‘ section, owing to pressure of other commitments. We are most grateful to Marian for all she has done for the journal as a Section Editor - and we are pleased that she will continue her involvement with it as an Editorial Adviser.

The significance of the Mildura Sculpture Triennials from 1961 to 1978 lies in their role as critical nodal points in an expanding and increasingly complex system of institutions and agents that emerge, expand and interact within the Australian art world. These triennial events provide a valuable case-study of the developments in sculptural practice in Australia and offer a close reading of the genesis of an autonomous field of visual art practice; a genesis dependent upon the expansion of the new tertiary education policies for universities and colleges of advanced education that arose in response to the generational pressure created by the post war baby boom. Given that there was virtually no market for modern sculpture in Australia at the inauguration of these triennials in the 1960s, the extent of the impact of the pressures and expectations of a burgeoning young population upon tertiary education, specifically the art schools, art history departments and art teacher training and, the expanding desire for cultural fulfilment and rapid developments in the cultural institution sector, is delineated at these triennial events. The expansion of the education system and the consequent expanded employment opportunities this offered to young sculptors in the late 1960s and throughout the 1970s, posited the first real challenge and alternative economy to the existing heterogeneous market economy for artistic works. In order to reinscribe the Mildura Sculpture Triennials into recent Australian art history as an important contributor to the institutional development of Australian contemporary art practice, I have drawn upon the reflexive methodological framework of French cultural theorist and sociologist Pierre Bourdieu and his explanation of the factors necessary for the genesis and development of autonomous fields of cultural production. Bourdieu's method provides an interpretative framework with which to identify these components necessary to the development of an institutional identity - the visual arts profession. This autonomous field parallels, conflicts with and at times connects with the heterogeneous art market economy, depending on the strength of its relative autonomy from the field of economic and political power. However, this is beyond the scope of this thesis. Mildura's significance lies in the way that the triennial gatherings provide a view into the disparate components that would connect to and eventually create an autonomous field of artistic production, that of the visual arts profession. However, the evolution of each of the components, which were the bedrock of Mildura, was driven by its own needs and necessities and not by the needs of the larger field of which they would eventually become a part. Bourdieu's understanding of the ontologic complicitiy between dispositions and the development of an autonomous field offers a non-teleological approach to the significance of Mildura as a site to map these rapid changes and also Mildura's subsequent displacement from the historical record.

Recent research in autonomous robot construction and in computer graphics animation has found that a control architecture with networks of functional behaviors is far more successful for accomplishing real-world tasks than traditional methods. The high-level control and often the behaviors themselves are motivated lay the animal sciences, where the individual behaviors have the following properties: . . .• they are grounded in perception. . . . . . . • they normally participate in directing an agent’s effectors. . . . . . . • they may attempt to activate or deactivate one-auother. . . . . . . • each behavior by itself performs some task useful to the agent. . . . In both robotics and animation there is a desire to control agents in environments, though in graphics both are simulated, and in both cases the move to the animal sciences is out of discontent with traditional methods. Computer animation researchers are discontent with direct kinematic control and are increasingly willing to sacrifice complete control for realism. Robotics researchers are reacting against the traditional symbolic reasoning approaches to control such as automatic planning or expert systems. Symbolic reasoning approaches are brittle and incapable of adapting to unexpected situations (both advantageous and disastrous). The approach taken is, more or less, to tightly couple sensors and effectors and to rely on what Brooks [Bro90] calls emergent behavior, where independent behaviors interact to achieve a more complicated behavior. From autonomous robot research this approach has been proposed under a variety of names including: subsumption architecture by [Bro86], reactive planning by [GL90, Kae90], situated activity by [AC87], and others. Of particular interest to us, however, are those motivated explicitly by animal behavior: new AI by Brooks [Bro90], emergent reflexive behavior by Anderson and Donath [AD90], and computational neuro-ethology by Beer, Chiel, and Sterling [BCS90]. The motivating observation behind all of these is that even very simple animals with far less computational power than a calculator can solve real world problems in path planning, motion control, and survivalist goal attainment, whereas a mobile robot equipped with sonar sensors, laser-range finders, and a radio-Ethernet connection to a, Prolog-based hierarchical planner on a supercomputer is helpless when faced with the unexpected.