Journal articles: 'Domoic acid'

1

Eilers, P., S. Conrad, and S. Hall. "Domoic acid analysis." Toxicon 34, no. 3 (March 1996): 338. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0041-0101(96)81010-5.

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Wright, Jeffrey L. C., Michael Falk, A. Gavin McInnes, and John A. Walter. "Identification of isodomoic acid D and two new geometrical isomers of domoic acid in toxic mussels." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 68, no. 1 (January 1, 1990): 22–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v90-005.

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Isodomoic acids E and F, two new geometrical isomers of the neurotoxin domoic acid, have been found to occur with domoic acid and isodomoic acid D in extracts of toxic mussels. The entire set of geometrical isomers can be prepared in the laboratory by photolysis. Keywords: amnesic shellfish toxin, domoic acid, isodomoic acid, neurotoxin.

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Yao, Y., W. H. Nelson, P. Hargraves, and J. Zhang. "UV Resonance Raman Study of Domoic Acid, a Marine Neurotoxic Amino Acid." Applied Spectroscopy 51, no. 6 (June 1997): 785–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702971941296.

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Domoic acid, an amino acid neurotoxin, produces a single intense resonance Raman peak observed at 1652 cm−1 from aqueous solution when excited at either 242 or 257 nm. The detection limits for domoic acid in water are found to be well within those concentrations determined to be representative of values in toxic phytoplankton cells. Examination of cells known to contain identified large amounts of domoic acid shows that domoic acid spectra are sufficiently intensely excited to allow detection in the presence of normal phytoplankton cell constituents within the cell. Single cells from species established as producers of domoic acid, cultured under controlled conditions favorable to the production of domoic acid, produce spectra consistent with the presence of domoic acid in low concentrations.

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Ramsdell, John, and Frances Gulland. "Domoic Acid Epileptic Disease." Marine Drugs 12, no. 3 (March 6, 2014): 1185–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md12031185.

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Tasker, R. A. R., B. J. Connell, and S. M. Strain. "Pharmacology of systemically administered domoic acid in mice." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 69, no. 3 (March 1, 1991): 378–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y91-057.

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Domoic acid, a structural analogue of kainic acid, has been identified as the toxin that poisoned people who consumed contaminated blue mussels harvested from eastern Prince Edward Island in December of 1987. To investigate the pharmacology of domoic acid in vivo we injected groups of mice with serial dilutions of extracts of contaminated mussels and verified domoic acid concentrations using high performance liquid chromatography. Mice progressed through a series of behavioural changes that were both reproducible and dose-dependent. These behaviours formed the basis of a rating scale that was used to reliably quantitate domoic acid concentrations as low as 20 μg/mL. This scale was then used to compare the relative toxicity of domoic acid contained in four formulations: namely, (1) extracts of contaminated mussels, (2) pure domoic acid, (3) extracts of noncontaminated mussels that were "spiked" with pure domoate, and (4) extracts of the algal source of domoic acid. Interpolation of the resulting dose–response curves produced median toxic dose (TD50) values of 2.9, 3.9, 4.9, and 4.2 mg/kg for the four formulations, respectively. Statistical analysis of these data revealed that curves for all formulations of domoic acid were parallel, but that extracts of contaminated mussels were significantly more potent than any of the other formulations at low and intermediate doses of domoic acid. We further compared domoic acid toxicity with that produced by kainic acid. Dose–response curves for both compounds were statistically parallel and both toxins were equally efficacious. The TD50 values were 3.9 and 31.9 mg/kg for pure domoic acid and kainic acid, respectively. We conclude that this method can be effectively applied to studies of domoic acid pharmacology in vivo and that domoic acid is 8 – 11 times more potent than kainic acid following systemic administration.Key words: domoic acid, domoate, kainic acid, excitatory amino acid, amnesic shellfish poisoning.

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6

Mok, Jong-Soo, Ka-Jeong Lee, Ki-Cheol Song, and Ji-Hoe Kim. "Validation of the Analysis of Domoic Acid using High Performance Liquid Chromatography." Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 43, no. 4 (August 31, 2010): 293–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5657/kfas.2010.43.4.293.

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7

Kawatsu, Kentaro, Yonekazu Hamano, and Tamao Noguchi. "Determination of Domoic Acid in Japanese Mussels by Enzyme Immunoassay." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 83, no. 6 (November 1, 2000): 1384–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/83.6.1384.

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Abstract Ten samples of commercial blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) from Japan were analyzed for domoic acid by an indirect competitive enzyme immunoassay (idc–EIA) based on an anti-domoic acid monoclonal antibody. Domoic acid was found in all samples at low concentrations (0.11–1.81 ng/g mussel tissue). The presence of domoic acid was confirmed by liquid chromatography coupled with immunoaffinity chromatography using an anti-domoic acid monoclonal antibody as ligand. To our knowledge, this is the first reported detection of domoic acid, a causative agent of amnesic shellfish poisoning, in Japanese mussels.

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8

Falk, Michael, John A. Walter, and Paul W. Wiseman. "Ultraviolet spectrum of domoic acid." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 67, no. 9 (September 1, 1989): 1421–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v89-218.

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The ultraviolet spectrum of aqueous domoic acid solutions has an intense absorption band, whose λmax shifts from 240.0 ± 0.3 nm at pH 1.3 to 244.7 ± 0.3 nm at pH 12.3. At the same time, its εmax increases from 24250 to 26700 L mol−1 cm−1. At pH 7 λmax is 242.8 ± 0.3 nm and εmax is 26035 ± 200 L mol−1 cm−1 Analysis of the variation of λmax and εmax with pH allowed us to estimate the values of these quantities for each of the five stages of protonation of domoic acid and to verify the pK values reported by Takemoto and Daigo. Keywords: ultraviolet spectrum, pK values, protonation, domoic acid.

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9

Johannessen, Jan N. "Stability of Domoic Acid in Saline Dosing Solutions." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 83, no. 2 (March 1, 2000): 411–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/83.2.411.

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Abstract Studies designed to assess the effects of repeated low doses of domoic acid require an assessment of its stability in solution under the conditions used for in vivo studies. The stability of 1 mg/mL solutions of domoic acid in saline, with or without ascorbic acid, was determined for 15 weeks. Solutions were refrigerated, but warmed to room temperature for several hours each working day to simulate conditions of actual use. The solutions of domoic acid showed no evidence of decomposition as evidenced by stability of UV absorbance spectrum, concentration of domoic acid as determined by a liquid chromatographic method, and the chromatographic elution pattern. The addition of ascorbate to the domoic acid/saline solution did not alter the stability, but was deemed unnecessary because of the firm stability of the domoic acid/saline solution.

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10

Wright, Jeffrey L. C. "Domoic acid - ten years after." Natural Toxins 6, no. 3-4 (May 1998): 91–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1522-7189(199805/08)6:3/4<91::aid-nt25>3.0.co;2-e.

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11

Silvert, W., and D. V. Subba Rao. "Dynamic Model of the Flux of Domoic Acid, a Neurotoxin, through a Mytilus edulis Population." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 49, no. 2 (February 1, 1992): 400–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f92-045.

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A one-compartment computer simulation model was developed to quantify and characterize the accumulation of the neurotoxin domoic acid in blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) in Cardigan Bay, Prince Edward Island, Canada. Comparison of simulation results with field abundances of Nitzschia pungens f. multiseries Hasle, a diatom implicated in the production of domoic acid, and with measurements of domoic acid within Nitzschia cells indicates that the rate of accumulation of domoic acid in mussel tissue during peak bloom conditions may involve unexpected physiological feedback processes. At extremely high concentrations of toxin (> 300 ppm) observed in toxic Mytilus episodes off eastern Prince Edward Island in 1987 during the peak of Nitzschia bloom, the depuration of domoic acid seemed to be suppressed; this may have been responsible for the observed abnormal buildup of toxin in the mussels. In 1989 the amount of domoic acid produced by N. pungens was slightly lower, but the levels of domoic acid in Mytilus were much less than in 1987. These results suggest that a crucial factor in prediction of high levels of domoic acid in mussels may be identification of changes in their physiology and metabolism which suppress depuration rates.

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12

Stewart, James E., L. J. Marks, M. W. Gilgan, E. Pfeiffer, and B. M. Zwicker. "Microbial utilization of the neurotoxin domoic acid: blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) and soft shell clams (Mya arenaria) as sources of the microorganisms." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 44, no. 5 (May 1, 1998): 456–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w98-028.

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The neurotoxin domoic acid is produced in quantity by the diatom Pseudo-nitzschia multiseries and is released to the environment directly and indirectly via food chains. Presumably there is a mechanism for the biodegradation and disposal of domoic acid and as bacteria are logical candidates for such an activity, a search for bacteria competent to carry out biodegradation of domoic acid was initiated. Extensive trials with a wide variety of bacteria isolated mainly from muds and waters taken from the marine environment showed that the ability to grow on or degrade domoic acid was rare; in fact, domoic acid was inhibitory to resting cells or growing cultures of most of these bacteria. In contrast, using enrichment techniques, it was possible to isolate from molluscan species that eliminate domoic acid readily, i.e., blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) and soft-shell clams (Mya arenaria), bacteria that exhibited growth with and biodegradation of domoic acid when supplemented with low concentrations of growth factors. The species that retain domoic acid for lengthy periods, such as sea scallops (Placopecten magellanicus) and red mussels(Modiolus modiolus), only occasionally yielded bacteria with this capability. The differences may be a result of the mechanisms used by the different shellfish in dealing with domoic acid, i.e., freely available in the blue mussels and soft shell clams but likely sequestered in the digestive glands of sea scallops and red mussels and thus, largely unavailable for bacterial utilization. The results show that Mytilus edulis and Mya arenaria, almost uniquely, are prime and reliable sources of domoic acid utilizing bacteria. These findings suggest a strong possibility that autochthonous bacteria may be significant factors in the elimination of the neurotoxin in these two species of shellfish.Key words: bacteria, neurotoxin, domoic acid, elimination, bivalve molluscs.

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13

McKibben, S. Morgaine, William Peterson, A. Michelle Wood, Vera L. Trainer, Matthew Hunter, and Angelicque E. White. "Climatic regulation of the neurotoxin domoic acid." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 2 (January 9, 2017): 239–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1606798114.

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Domoic acid is a potent neurotoxin produced by certain marine microalgae that can accumulate in the foodweb, posing a health threat to human seafood consumers and wildlife in coastal regions worldwide. Evidence of climatic regulation of domoic acid in shellfish over the past 20 y in the Northern California Current regime is shown. The timing of elevated domoic acid is strongly related to warm phases of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation and the Oceanic Niño Index, an indicator of El Niño events. Ocean conditions in the northeast Pacific that are associated with warm phases of these indices, including changes in prevailing currents and advection of anomalously warm water masses onto the continental shelf, are hypothesized to contribute to increases in this toxin. We present an applied domoic acid risk assessment model for the US West Coast based on combined climatic and local variables. Evidence of regional- to basin-scale controls on domoic acid has not previously been presented. Our findings have implications in coastal zones worldwide that are affected by this toxin and are particularly relevant given the increased frequency of anomalously warm ocean conditions.

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14

Bates, S. S., C. J. Bird, A. S. W. de Freitas, R. Foxall, M. Gilgan, L. A. Hanic, G. R. Johnson, et al. "Pennate Diatom Nitzschia pungens as the Primary Source of Domoic Acid, a Toxin in Shellfish from Eastern Prince Edward Island, Canada." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 46, no. 7 (July 1, 1989): 1203–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f89-156.

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An outbreak of food poisoning in Canada during autumn 1987 was traced to cultured blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) from the Cardigan Bay region of eastern Prince Edward Island (P.E.I.). The toxin, identified as domoic acid, had not previously been found in any shellfish and this outbreak represents the first known occurrence of human poisoning by this neurotoxin. A plankton bloom at the time of the outbreak consisted almost entirely of the pennate diatom, Nitzschia pungens f. multiseries, and a positive correlation was found between the number of N. pungens cells and the concentration of domoic acid in the plankton. Nitzschia pungens f. multiseries isolated from Cardigan Bay produced domoic acid in culture at levels (1 to 20 pg∙cell−1) comparable with values estimated for N. pungens in the plankton samples. Isolates of several Cardigan Bay phytoplankton, including the closely related species Nitzschia seriata, failed to produce domoic acid. Other Nitzschia spp. and two Amphora coffeaeformis isolates also failed to produce domoic acid. We conclude that N. pungens was the major source of the domoic acid in toxic mussels in eastern P.E.I. The recurrence, in November 1988, of a monospecific bloom of N. pungens and the presence of domoic acid in plankton and mussels reinforced this conclusion.

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15

Mok, Jong-Soo, Tae-Seek Lee, Eun-Gyoung Oh, Kwang-Tae Son, Hye-Jin Hwang, and Ji-Hoe Kim. "Stability of Domoic Acid at Different Temperature, pH and Light." Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 42, no. 1 (February 28, 2009): 8–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5657/kfas.2009.42.1.008.

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16

Debonnel, Guy, Michel Weiss, and Claude de Montigny. "Reduced neuroexcitatory effect of domoic acid following mossy fiber denervation of the rat dorsal hippocampus: further evidence that toxicity of domoic acid involves kainate receptor activation." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 67, no. 8 (August 1, 1989): 904–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y89-142.

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Domoic acid, an excitatory amino acid structurally related to kainic acid, has been shown to be responsible for the severe intoxication presented, in 1987, by more than one hundred and fifty people having eaten mussels grown in Prince Edward Island (Canada). Unitary extracellular recordings were obtained from pyramidal neurons of the CA3 region of the rat dorsal hippocampus. The excitatory effects of microiontophoretic applications of domoic acid and of the agonists of the two other subtypes of glutamatergic receptors, quisqualate and N-methyl-D-aspartate, were compared on intact and colchicine-lesioned sides. Similar to what has been previously found for kainate, the colchicine lesion of the mossy fiber projections induced a 95% decrease of the neuronal responsiveness to domoic acid, whereas the effect of quisqualate was unchanged and that of N-methyl-D-aspartate was only slightly decreased. These results provide further electrophysiological evidence that domoic acid is a potent agonist of kainate receptors and that it may produce its neuroexcitatory and neurotoxic effects, in the hippocampal CA3 region, through activation of kainate receptors located on the mossy fiber terminals.Key words: domoic acid, kainic acid, glutamic acid, N-methyl-D-aspartic acid, quisqualic acid, dorsal hippocampus, neurotoxins.

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17

Pulido, Olga. "Domoic Acid Toxicologic Pathology: A Review." Marine Drugs 6, no. 2 (May 28, 2008): 180–219. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md6020180.

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LAWRENCE, J. F., B. D. PAGE, and P. M. SCOTT. "DETERMINATION OF DOMOIC ACID IN SHELLFISH." Mycotoxins 1988, no. 1Supplement (1988): 15–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2520/myco1975.1988.1supplement_15.

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Mos, Lizzy. "Domoic acid: a fascinating marine toxin." Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology 9, no. 3 (January 2001): 79–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1382-6689(00)00065-x.

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Costa, Lucio G., Gennaro Giordano, and Elaine M. Faustman. "Domoic acid as a developmental neurotoxin." NeuroToxicology 31, no. 5 (September 2010): 409–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuro.2010.05.003.

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Vranyac-Tramoundanas, Alexandra, Joanne C. Harrison, Andrew N. Clarkson, Mohit Kapoor, Ian C. Winburn, D. Steven Kerr, and Ivan A. Sammut. "Domoic Acid Impairment of Cardiac Energetics." Toxicological Sciences 105, no. 2 (July 1, 2008): 395–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kfn132.

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Wright, Jeffrey. "Editorial: Domoic acid 30 years on." Harmful Algae 79 (November 2018): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2018.10.003.

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23

Iverson, Frank, and John Truelove. "Toxicology and seafood toxins: Domoic acid." Natural Toxins 2, no. 5 (1994): 334–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nt.2620020514.

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Clayden, Jonathan, Benjamin Read, and Katherine R. Hebditch. "Chemistry of domoic acid, isodomoic acids, and their analogues." Tetrahedron 61, no. 24 (June 2005): 5713–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tet.2005.04.003.

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25

Wright, J. L. C., R. K. Boyd, A. S. W. de Freitas, M. Falk, R. A. Foxall, W. D. Jamieson, M. V. Laycock, et al. "Identification of domoic acid, a neuroexcitatory amino acid, in toxic mussels from eastern Prince Edward Island." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 67, no. 3 (March 1, 1989): 481–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v89-075.

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The causative agent of toxicity in cultured mussels from a localized area of eastern Prince Edward Island has been identified as domoic acid, a neuroexcitatory amino acid. The toxin was isolated by a number of different bioassay-directed separation techniques including high-performance liquid chromatography, high-voltage paper electrophoresis, and ion-exchange chromatography, and characterized by a number of spectroscopic techniques including ultraviolet, infrared, mass spectrometry, and nuclear magnetic resonance. The isolation and purification methods are described in detail and some new analytical data for domoic acid are reported. Keywords: shellfish toxin, domoic acid, neurotoxin, bioassay-directed analysis.

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26

Lawrence, James F., Claudette F. Charbonneau, and Cathie Ménard. "Liquid Chromatographic Determination of Domoic Acid in Mussels, Using AOAC Paralytic Shellfish Poison Extraction Procedure: Collaborative Study." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 74, no. 1 (January 1, 1991): 68–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/74.1.68.

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Abstract A liquid chromatographic method using the AOAC paralytic shellfish poison (PSP) extraction procedure for domoic acid, a marine toxin, in mussel tissue was collaboratively studied in 10 laboratories. Domoic acid is extracted by boiling the homogenized tissue for 5 min with 0.1N HCI. The mixture is cooled, diluted to a known volume, and then centrifuged. An aliquot of the supernate Is diluted, filtered, and analyzed by reverse-phase liquid chromatography with a mobile phase containing acetonitrile and water adjusted to about pH 2.5. Each collaborator received a prepared standard solution, a practice sample, and 7 randomly numbered unknown samples (1 blank mussel tissue, 1 spiked at 14.1 µg domoic acid/ g, 1 spiked at 18.9 µg/g, and duplicate samples with naturally Incurred domoic acid at 75 µ/g and at 186 µ/g). Five of the laboratories had little or no experience In domoic acid analysis. Ten of 11 laboratories completed the study and submitted results. Two Individual values out of a total of 70 were found to be outliers. Mean recovery of domoic acid from the spiked extracts was 75%. Relative standard deviations between laboratories (RSDR) ranged from 7.5 to 19.4%; wlthln-laboratory RSDs (RSDr) for the 2 blind duplicate pairs were 1.9 and 4.8%. The detection limit was about 1 fig domoic acld/g. The method has been adopted official first action by AOAC.

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Falk, Michael, Ping F. Seto, and John A. Walter. "Solubility of domoic acid in water and in non-aqueous solvents." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 69, no. 11 (November 1, 1991): 1740–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v91-255.

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The solubility of domoic acid (DA) in H2O and D2O, in aqueous NaCl solution and in several non-aqueous solvents was measured by NMR and UV spectroscopies. The solubility in water is comparable with that of aminoacids such as glutamic acid and aspartic acid. It is markedly pH-dependent, passing through a minimum at the isoelectric point, the increase towards both higher and lower pH values indicating that the anionic and cationic forms are more soluble than the neutral form. The effect of NaCl on the solubility of DA in water is negligible. The solubility of DA in alcohols is lower than in water but it is much higher than the solubility of glutamic acid or aspartic acid. The octanol–water partition coefficient for DA at pH 5.32, Kow = 0.0037, was obtained by a direct UV measurement. The low value of Kow indicates that aquatic organisms cannot take up DA directly from the water and bioaccumulation may proceed only through dietary intake. Key words: solubility of domoic acid, NMR of domoic acid, UV spectra of domoic acid, octanol–water partition coefficient of domoic acid.

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TODD, EWEN C. D. "Domoic Acid and Amnesic Shellfish Poisoning - A Review." Journal of Food Protection 56, no. 1 (January 1, 1993): 69–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-56.1.69.

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A new type of seafood toxicity, called amnesic shellfish poisoning, was described from 107 human cases after individuals consumed mussels containing domoic acid harvested from Prince Edward Island, Canada, in 1987. Most of these cases experienced gastroenteritis, and many older persons or others with underlying chronic illnesses developed neurologic symptoms including memory loss. Standard treatment procedures for the neurologic condition were not effective and three patients died. Domoic acid is a known neurototoxin, and it is believed that in these cases enough toxin was absorbed through the gastrointestinal system to cause lesions in the central nervous system. The most severely affected cases still have significant memory loss 5 years after the incident. The source of the domoic acid was identified as the pennate diatom, Nitzschia pungens f. multiseries, which was ingested by the mussels during normal filter feeding. A possible biosynthetic pathway for the toxin has recently been determined. Certain marine macroalgae also contain this toxin but have no association with human illness. Domoic acid, produced by N. pseudodelicatissima, has been found in shellfish in other eastern Canadian locations. In addition, domoic acid was identified in anchovies and pelicans in Monterey Bay, California, the source of which was Pseudonitzschia australis. In November, 1991, domoic acid was found in razor clams and crabs harvested in Washington and Oregon States and may have caused human illness from ingestion of the clams. Control mechanisms have been put in place in Canada to prevent harvesting of the shellfish at ≥20 μg/g, and no further human illness has been reported since the 1987 episode.

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Cook, Peter, Colleen Reichmuth, and Frances Gulland. "Rapid behavioural diagnosis of domoic acid toxicosis in California sea lions." Biology Letters 7, no. 4 (March 9, 2011): 536–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2011.0127.

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Domoic acid is a neurotoxic metabolite of widely occurring algal blooms that has caused multiple marine animal stranding events. Exposure to high doses of domoic acid, a glutamate agonist, may lead to persistent medial temporal seizures and damage to the hippocampus. California sea lions ( Zalophus californianus ) are among the most visible and frequent mammalian victims of domoic acid poisoning, but rapid, reliable diagnosis in a clinical setting has proved difficult owing to the fast clearance of the toxin from the blood stream. Here, we show that the behavioural orienting responses of stranded sea lions diagnosed with domoic acid toxicosis habituate more slowly to a series of non-aversive auditory stimuli than do those of sea lions with no apparent neurological deficits. A signal detection analysis based on these habituation measures was able to correctly identify 50 per cent of subjects with domoic acid toxicosis while correctly rejecting approximately 93 per cent of controls, suggesting potential diagnostic merit.

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Debonnel, Guy, Luc Beauchesne, and Claude de Montigny. "Domoic acid, the alleged "mussel toxin," might produce its neurotoxic effect through kainate receptor activation: an electrophysiological study in the rat dorsal hippocampus." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 67, no. 1 (January 1, 1989): 29–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y89-005.

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Domoic acid, an excitatory amino acid structurally related to kainate, was recently identified as being presumably responsible for the recent severe intoxication presented by more than 100 people having eaten mussels grown in Prince Edward Island (Canada). The amino acid kainate has been shown to be highly neurotoxic to the hippocampus, which is the most sensitive structure in the central nervous system. The present in vivo electrophysiological studies were undertaken to determine if domoic acid exerts its neurotoxic effect via kainate receptor activation. Unitary extracellular recordings were obtained from pyramidal neurons of the CA1 and the CA3 regions of the rat dorsal hippocampus. The excitatory effect of domoic acid applied by microiontophoresis was compared with that of agonists of the three subtypes of glutamatergic receptors: kainate, quisqualate, and N-methyl-D-aspartate. In CA1, the activation induced by domoic acid was about threefold greater than that induced by kainate; identical concentrations and similar currents were used. In CA3, domoic acid was also three times more potent than kainate. However, the most striking finding was that domoic acid, similar to kainate, was more than 20-fold more potent in the CA3 than in the CA1 region, whereas no such regional difference could be detected with quisqualate and N-methyl-D-aspartate. As the differential regional response of CA1 and CA3 pyramidal neurons to kainate is attributable to the extremely high density of kainate receptors in the CA3 region, these results provide the first electrophysiological evidence that domoic acid may produce its neurotoxic effects through kainate receptor activation.Key words: domoate, kainate, excitotoxin, hippocampus, N-methyl-D-aspartate.

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Hernández R., Esteban, Javier Ilabaca S., Irene Montoya C, and Americo López R. "Cuantificación de ácido domoico en moluscos bivalvos de las costas chilenas y su relación con el nivel internacionalmente aceptado." Revista Chilena de Estudiantes de Medicina 1, no. 1 (November 7, 2001): 14–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5354/0718-672x.2001.72534.

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Red tides along Chilean coast have shown an important impact in public health and represent a permanent danger to the national fishcry industry. This occurs because there has been potentially toxic biotoxin detected, called domoic acid, also known as seafood amnesic venom. There has been an international limit leve] established in concentrations of 20 μg/g of seafood. This is why we have considered it important to determine if domoic acid leve Is in Chilean seafood are following the international standards. Methods. Domoic acid levels detected were analyzed through HPLC/UV, newly implernented in our lab. Results. From ali the positive samples (822), 746 (90.8%) have domoic acid concentrations lower than 20 μg/g and 76 (9.2%) were higher than 20μg/g. Conclusions. These results show that approximately 10% of ali che samples analyzed have levels higher than che international leve] accepted, revealing that there is a need to constantly monitor chilean coast seafood, since in our country che presence of domoic acid involves a high risk in public health and in the economy.

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Walter, John A., Donald M. Leek, and Michael Falk. "NMR study of the protonation of domoic acid." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 70, no. 4 (April 1, 1992): 1156–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v92-151.

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The 1H and 13C NMR spectra of the amnesic shellfish poison, domoic acid, in H2O and D2O solutions have been studied as a function of pH or pD. The results yielded the NMR spectral parameters for each of the five protonation stages of domoic acid, provided accurate pKa values, and enabled each pKa to be associated with a particular protonation site.

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Preston, Edward, and Ivo Hynie. "Transfer Constants for Blood-Brain Barrier Permeation of the Neuroexcitatory Shellfish Toxin, Domoic Acid." Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 18, no. 1 (February 1991): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0317167100031279.

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ABSTRACT:The cause of the toxic mussel poisoning episode in 1987 was traced to a plankton-produced excitotoxin, domoic acid. Experiments were undertaken to quantitate the degree to which blood-borne domoic acid can permeate the microvasculature to enter the brain. Pentobarbital-anesthetized, adult rats received an i.v. injection of 3H-domoic acid which was permitted to circulate for 3-60 min. Transfer constants (Ki) describing blood-to-brain diffusion of tracer were calculated from analysis of the relationship between brain vs plasma radioactivity with time. Mean values (mL.g-1.s-1 x 106) for permeation into 7 brain regions (n = 10 rats) ranged from 1.60 ± 0.13 (SE) to 1.86 ± 0.33 (cortex, ponsmedulla respectively), and carrier transport or regional selectivity in uptake were not evident. Nephrectomy prior to domoic acid injection resulted in the elevation of circulating plasma tracer level and brain uptake. The Ki values are comparable to those for other polar compounds such as sucrose, and indicate that the blood-brain barrier greatly limits the amount of toxin that enters the brain. Together with absorbed dosage, integrity of the cerebrovascular barrier and normal kidney function are important to the outcome of accidentally ingesting domoic acid.

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Novaczek, I., M. S. Madhyastha, R. F. Ablett, A. Donald, G. Johnson, M. S. Nijjar, and D. E. Sims. "Depuration of Domoic Acid from Live Blue Mussels (Mytilus edulis)." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 49, no. 2 (February 1, 1992): 312–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f92-035.

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Industrial depuration may provide a means of removing domoic acid toxin from blue mussels (Mytilus edulis). Mussels containing up to 50 μg domoic acid∙g−1 were transported from a Prince Edward Island estuary into controlled laboratory conditions to test the effects of temperature, salinity, mussel size, and feeding upon depuration. Fifty percent of toxin was eliminated within 24 h. After 72 h, mussels were either clean or contained, on average, only residual levels of toxin (< 5 μg∙g−1), regardless of conditions. Exponential depuration curves were fitted to the domoic acid concentration data. To evaluate differences in rate of depuration under various conditions, statistical comparisons were made between slopes of the clearance curves. Rates of depuration were faster in small (45–55 mm) than in large mussels (60–70 mm) and more rapid at 11 than at 6 °C. There was no significant difference in depuration rate at 18‰ salinity as opposed to 28‰ or in starved versus fed mussels. Because of their relatively large digestive glands, meats of small mussels contained more toxin per unit weight than meats of large mussels. The bulk of domoic acid appeared to reside in the gut lumen. However, the presence of small amounts of domoic acid in intracellular compartments cannot be ruled out.

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Ventoso, Pablo, Antonio J. Pazos, M. Luz Pérez-Parallé, Juan Blanco, Juan C. Triviño, and José L. Sánchez. "Aequipecten opercularis) Digestive Gland after Exposure to Domoic Acid-Producing Pseudo-nitzschia." Toxins 11, no. 2 (February 6, 2019): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins11020097.

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Some species of the genus Pseudo-nitzschia produce the toxin domoic acid, which causes amnesic shellfish poisoning (ASP). Given that bivalve mollusks are filter feeders, they can accumulate these toxins in their tissues. To elucidate the transcriptional response of the queen scallop Aequipecten opercularis after exposure to domoic acid-producing Pseudo-nitzschia, the digestive gland transcriptome was de novo assembled using an Illumina HiSeq 2000 platform. Then, a differential gene expression analysis was performed. After the assembly, 142,137 unigenes were obtained, and a total of 10,144 genes were differentially expressed in the groups exposed to the toxin. Functional enrichment analysis found that 374 Pfam (protein families database) domains were significantly enriched. The C1q domain, the C-type lectin, the major facilitator superfamily, the immunoglobulin domain, and the cytochrome P450 were among the most enriched Pfam domains. Protein network analysis showed a small number of highly connected nodes involved in specific functions: proteasome components, mitochondrial ribosomal proteins, protein translocases of mitochondrial membranes, cytochromes P450, and glutathione S-transferases. The results suggest that exposure to domoic acid-producing organisms causes oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. The transcriptional response counteracts these effects with the up-regulation of genes coding for some mitochondrial proteins, proteasome components, and antioxidant enzymes (glutathione S-transferases, thioredoxins, glutaredoxins, and copper/zinc superoxide dismutases).

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Vale, P., and M. A. M. Sampayo. "Domoic acid in Portuguese shellfish and fish." Toxicon 39, no. 6 (June 2001): 893–904. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0041-0101(00)00229-4.

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Takata, Yoshinobu, Shigeru Sato, Dao Viet Ha, Ulysses M. Montojo, Thaithaworn Lirdwitayaprasit, Somporn Kamolsiripichaiporn, Yuichi Kotaki, Yasuwo Fukuyo, and Masaaki Kodama. "Occurrence of domoic acid in tropical bivalves." Fisheries Science 75, no. 2 (March 4, 2009): 473–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12562-009-0073-5.

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Jakobsen, B., A. Tasker, and J. Zimmer. "Domoic acid neurotoxicity in hippocampal slice cultures." Amino Acids 23, no. 1-3 (September 1, 2002): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00726-001-0107-5.

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Bates, Stephen S. "DOMOIC‐ACID‐PRODUCING DIATOMS: ANOTHER GENUS ADDED!" Journal of Phycology 36, no. 6 (December 14, 2000): 978–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1529-8817.2000.03661.x.

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Breton, P., X. Manciaux, J. C. Bizot, I. de la Manche, and J. Buee. "Domoic acid neurotoxicity: Electrophysiological and behavioral investigations." Toxicon 34, no. 10 (October 1996): 1084–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0041-0101(96)83805-0.

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Lefebvre, Kathi A., Elizabeth R. Frame, and Preston S. Kendrick. "Domoic acid and fish behavior: A review." Harmful Algae 13 (January 2012): 126–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2011.09.011.

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Dakshinamurti, K., S. K. Sharma, and M. Sundaram. "Domoic acid induced seizure activity in rats." Neuroscience Letters 127, no. 2 (June 1991): 193–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3940(91)90792-r.

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Garthwaite, Ian, Kathryn M. Ross, Christopher O. Miles, Richard P. Hansen, David Foster, Alistair L. Wilkins, and Neale R. Towers. "Polyclonal antibodies to domoic acid, and their use in immunoassays for domoic acid in sea water and shellfish." Natural Toxins 6, no. 3-4 (May 1998): 93–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1522-7189(199805/08)6:3/4<93::aid-nt15>3.0.co;2-9.

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Ventoso, Pablo, Antonio J. Pazos, Juan Blanco, M. Luz Pérez-Parallé, Juan C. Triviño, and José L. Sánchez. "Transcriptional Response in the Digestive Gland of the King Scallop (Pecten maximus) After the Injection of Domoic Acid." Toxins 13, no. 5 (May 7, 2021): 339. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins13050339.

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Some diatom species of the genus Pseudo-nitzschia produce the toxin domoic acid. The depuration rate of domoic acid in Pecten maximus is very low; for this reason, king scallops generally contain high levels of domoic acid in their tissues. A transcriptomic approach was used to identify the genes differentially expressed in the P. maximus digestive gland after the injection of domoic acid. The differential expression analysis found 535 differentially expressed genes (226 up-regulated and 309 down-regulated). Protein–protein interaction networks obtained with the up-regulated genes were enriched in gene ontology terms, such as vesicle-mediated transport, response to stress, signal transduction, immune system process, RNA metabolic process, and autophagy, while networks obtained with the down-regulated genes were enriched in gene ontology terms, such as response to stress, immune system process, ribosome biogenesis, signal transduction, and mRNA processing. Genes that code for cytochrome P450 enzymes, glutathione S-transferase theta-1, glutamine synthase, pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase 2, and sodium- and chloride-dependent glycine transporter 1 were among the up-regulated genes. Therefore, a stress response at the level of gene expression, that could be caused by the domoic acid injection, was evidenced by the alteration of several biological, cellular, and molecular processes.

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ARAPOV, J., I. UJEVIĆ, D. MARIĆ PFANNKUCHEN, J. GODRIJAN, A. BAKRAČ, Ž. NINČEVIĆ GLADAN, and I. MARASOVIĆ. "Domoic acid in phytoplankton net samples and shellfish from the Krka River estuary in the Central Adriatic Sea." Mediterranean Marine Science 17, no. 2 (February 26, 2015): 340. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/mms.1471.

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This paper deals with the precise identification of species of Pseudo-nitzschia, focusing on those which are a potential source of domoic acid, from the Krka River estuary of the Central Adriatic Sea. Domoic acid was measured in phytoplankton net samples and shellfish collected in the winter and early spring of 2011 and 2012. Domoic acid was only detected in early March 2011, both in plankton net samples and shellfish extracts, during a Pseudo-nitzschia species bloom. The measured concentrations of particulate domoic acid (DA) in filtered concentrated seawater varied from 3.1˗6.2 ng DA ml-1. In shellfish sample DA concentration was 0.2 μg g-1. Species belonging to the Pseudo-nitzschia delicatissima complex were more common than those from the Pseudo-nitzschia seriata complex. Morphological analyses by electron microscopy revealed the presence of three potentially toxic species: P. calliantha, P. pseudodelicatissima and P. pungens, and one non-toxic species: P. subfraudulenta. However, P. calliantha and P. pseudodelicatissima dominated during the March 2011 bloom. This study presents the first evaluation of particulate domoic acid along the Eastern Adriatic Sea and the first record of the presence of P. calliantha, P. pseudodelicatissima, P. pungens and P. subfraudulenta in the Krka River estuary.

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Wu, Dong-mei, Jun Lu, Yan-qiu Zhang, Yuan-lin Zheng, Bin Hu, Wei Cheng, Zi-feng Zhang, and Meng-qiu Li. "Ursolic acid improves domoic acid-induced cognitive deficits in mice." Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 271, no. 2 (September 2013): 127–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2013.04.038.

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Tasker, Andrew, and Sandra M. Strain. "Morphine differentially affects domoic acid and kainic acid toxicity in vivo." NeuroReport 3, no. 9 (September 1992): 789–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001756-199209000-00017.

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Hampson, David R., and Jerrie Lynn Manalo. "The activation of glutamate receptors by kainic acid and domoic acid." Natural Toxins 6, no. 3-4 (May 1998): 153–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1522-7189(199805/08)6:3/4<153::aid-nt16>3.0.co;2-1.

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Rao, D. V. Subba, M. A. Quilliam, and R. Pocklington. "Domoic Acid—A Neurotoxic Amino Acid Produced by the Marine Diatom Nitzschia pungens in Culture." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 45, no. 12 (December 1, 1988): 2076–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f88-241.

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During late 1987, an outbreak of poisoning resulting from the ingestion of cultivated blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) from a localized area in eastern Canada (Cardigan Bay, Prince Edward Island) was associated with massive blooms of Nitzschia pungens, a widely distributed diatom not previously known to produce toxins; human fatalities resulted. Here we provide proof that the causative agent, domoic acid, is indeed produced by this diatom. Although no domoic acid could be detected (<2 ng∙mL−1) in culture medium (FE) prepared from Cardigan River water, it was found in cultures of Nitzschia pungens grown in this medium at concentrations ranging from 0.03 to 0.8 pg∙cell−1 in various separate cultures harvested for chemical analysis 7–68 d after inoculation.

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Vieira, Andres, José Cifuentes, Roberto Bermúdez, Sara Ferreiro, Albina Castro, and Luis Botana. "Heart Alterations after Domoic Acid Administration in Rats." Toxins 8, no. 3 (March 10, 2016): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins8030068.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Domoic acid'

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