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Njoroge, Anne. "Regulation of dominant firms in South Africa." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/25618.
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This research report considers how dominant firms can establish when their competitive strategies are not anti-competitive. It argues that a dominant firm‟s actions can either be pro-competitive, thus conduct which competition law is designed to protect; or, anti-competitive and therefore prohibited. It questions whether there are any key principles that are emerging from South African competition law practice and decided cases that can provide some guidelines to dominant firms on whether planned action is prohibited conduct? It also questions whether the enforcement of the South African Competition Act‟s abuse of dominance provisions may have led to the chilling of competition. The research utilised the following methodologies: expert interviews; case studies; and, review of the competition authorities‟ enforcement actions. The report concludes that abuse of dominance cases are highly fact-intensive, industry specific and outcomes are effects-based. As such, it is difficult to prescribe a general rules-based compliance program to guide dominant firms in their development of competitive strategies. CopyrightDissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2011.
Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS)
unrestricted
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Elshafey, Alaa E. "Molecular pathology detection strategies for three autosomal dominant neurodegenerative diseases." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.320282.
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Schmidt, Henrik. "-Taking a Dominant Design Perspective on ERP Companies-." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Management and Economics, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-1236.
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The dominant design concept describes the evolution from one dominant design to a new one, or in a new industry, the evolution to a set of standards and features that becomes a dominant design for that particular product or sector. Typically the dominant design is used to describe industry trends. This thesis takes the bottom up perspective, i.e. the company's perspective, to identify if, or what parts, of the dominant design model that can be used as an explanatory tool of innovation in the two ERP companies chosen. This thesis has found that some parts of the dominant design model can be used to describe innovation in our two case companies. However, the model has to be altered to fit the particular needs of the software industry and exclude the concept of process innovation, which is a part of the original dominant design model. By considering a company’s existing situation, e.g. customers, market share, partnerships etc. and fitting these facts into our altered dominant design model it should be possible to explain actions undertaken by an ERP company.
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Gonzalez, Rodriguez Nancy Patricia. "Innovation and nonmarket strategies in environments with dominant firms| The case of the non-dominant firms in the Latin American telecommunications market." Thesis, Instituto Tecnologico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey (Mexico), 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3585549.
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In this dissertation I investigated how non-dominant firms manage their nonmarket environment when they face the presence of firms with strong political and market power. I conducted a case study of the telecommunications market in Mexico, Chile and Uruguay. A total of 52 informants were interviewed including regulatory and legal affairs executives, innovation executives, regulators and government officials, scholars, and consultants. I argue that an institutional framework that imposes barriers for competition in the market through limited access to resources and lack of clarity in the decision-making results in less innovation or innovation at a slower pace. Also, actions taken by the regulatory authorities in favor of competition impose competitive pressures in the market that result in more innovation. The results show that non-dominant firms in these markets develop nonmarket strategies following two strategic perspectives: operational and prospective. These strategies rely on a different set of tactics and rhetoric compared to dominant firms and its effectiveness depend on the characteristics of the institutional environment. This dissertation attempts to provide a better understanding of the competitive industry dynamics helpful for the design and implementation of integrated innovation and nonmarket strategies. Additionally, the results of this study might provide insight for antitrust and industry-specific regulators that aim to incentivize innovation in the market.
Keywords: nonmarket strategies, Latin America, telecommunications market.
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Metz, Cornelia. "Lebensstrategien dominanter antarktischer Oithonidae (Cyclopoida, Copepoda) und Oncaeidae (Poecilostomatoida, Copepoda) im Bellingshausenmeer = Life strategies of dominant Antarctic Oithonidae (Cyclopoida, Copepoda) and Oncaeidae (Poecilostomatoida, Copepoda) in the Bellingshausen Sea /." Bremerhaven : Alfred-Wegener-Inst. für Polar- und Meeresforschung, 1996. http://www.gbv.de/dms/bs/toc/216711207.pdf.
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Blettner, Daniela Patricia. "The evolution of dominant logic in relation to strategic inertia in software ventures." [S.l.], 2007. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/www/edis.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/3374.
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Blettner, Daniela Patricia. "The evolution of dominant logic in relation to strategic inertia in software ventures." kostenfrei, 2008. http://www.unisg.ch/www/edis.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/3374.
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ADAMI, Tommaso (ORCID:0000-0003-2214-7110). "Strategie di portafoglio sul mercato azionario basate su notizie pubbliche." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Bergamo, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10446/224729.
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Public news is a relevant source of information describing events occurring in the real world.
Despite information leakages and fake news readers are often willing to pay to gather information conveyed through the news.
In this work, we investigated the effects of micro news sentiment on the equity market.
Therefore, according to several market theories of Behavioral Finance, we want to understand if public news is interesting for the equity market investor.
The Adaptive Market Hypothesis is one of these theories and states that also if markets are efficient in general, inefficiency may affect them in particular periods.
These inefficiencies may then leave open profit opportunities for the informed investor.
For this reason, public news could have an important impact on investor's choices.
In the second chapter we present the Efficient Market Hypothesis, Behavioral Finance, and the Adaptive Market Hypothesis.
After the basic theoretical introduction, we report a review of the available literature regarding studies on the effect of the news on markets.
The reported papers cover many relevant aspects regarding how to measure the news impact on the market returns.
The main factors extracted from the news are: the news sentiment, the cumulated sentiment, the news relevance and novelty, and the news topics and categories.
The third chapter tries to describe the events happening in the market that could be conveyed through the news.
At first, the events characterizing the value generation process and the highly complex firms' interconnection are described.
The description then moves on to events concerning the firms' evaluation process, which is split into two sections: the former about fundamental indicators evaluation and the latter about perspectival views and ratings.
In the last section of the chapter events regarding the ownership structure of a firm are reported and a possible path of transmission from the news to the effects on the market is outlined.
The fourth chapter describes the market data and news sentiment database and reports statistics about the considered stocks.
The description of the data also reports statistics about category groups, a high-level grouping of news events in a hierarchical taxonomy of financial-related news events.
The fifth chapter presents news-based strategies for intraday open to close trading.
The strategies are based on a naive beauty context model that takes into account only indicators generated by firm-specific public news sentiment or volume subdivided by category group.
Three main patterns emerged from the analysis and characterize different category groups: sell on news volumes, buy according to news sentiment, and sell according to news sentiment.
The analysis has also shown that many portfolio strategies based on category groups are characterized by a reversal effect overnight, while few others by a continuation trend.
The sixth chapter presents a more complex model that tries to enhance baseline models with the use of public news.
The baseline models rely on three different portfolio optimization criteria: Sharpe Ratio, Second-order Stochastic Dominance, and Scaled Second-order Stochastic Dominance.
The Second-order Stochastic Dominance optimization criteria are based on enhanced indexation, where the optimal portfolio is supposed to be the best portfolio dominating the reference market index.
The aim of the models is to understand which category groups bring useful information for portfolio optimization.
The discussion of the results is divided into two parts, the former reports profitability and turnover results for the three baseline strategies, while the latter reports the results for the different category groups and cumulation periods.
In the last part of the chapter a series of possible further researches are proposed.
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Johnson, Stephen. "Strategies for realignment : Japanese opposition politics under a one party dominant regime 1955-1993." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.318994.
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Patel, Krusha. "Investigation into the dominant strains of Clostridium difficile within hospitals and strategic cleaning regimes." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2013. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/11829.
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Clostridium difficile is a common and potentially fatal cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea and pseudomembranous colitis worldwide. It has been isolated from patients and their surroundings, in healthcare facilities and from the community. C. difficile is able to survive for many months on inanimate surfaces in the form of spores. PCR ribotyping is used in the UK to characterise and identify strain diversity. Investigating how the most problematic strains respond to cleaning regimes may influence the control of disease. This work used the University Hospitals of Leicester Trust as a case study for this purpose of understanding the epidemiology of this pathogen within healthcare facilities. Five individual agar media were compared based on their abilities to recover and resuscitate damaged ribotype 027 spores, a strain associated with disease outbreaks and increased severity. Controlled laboratory experiments with a sub-lethal dose of a germicide were conducted before C. difficile recovery from hospital wards. An additional two sampling campaigns acquired environmental strains. C. difficile isolation after routine cleaning demonstrated the inefficiency of the current recovery regime as C. difficile spores were recovered using direct contact plates, enrichment broths, and resuscitation media. This study used layering of non-selective agar over selective agar, identifying a potential link in the proportions of media following the use of sponges in environmental sampling. All strains were characterised by ribotyping; ribotype 027 was isolated from all sampling cohorts. A four-month epidemiological study was conducted into the ribotype prevalence and distribution from C. difficile-positive faecal specimens. A second survey investigated these effects with a modification of C. difficile detection from faecal samples. Hydrogen peroxide vapour is currently being explored as a means of decontamination of healthcare-associated infections. Inactivation kinetics of ribotype 027 spores were analysed in response to vapour and liquid exposure of hydrogen peroxide. No reports thus far have explored such kinetics and controlled decontamination with both clinical and non-clinical strains. Evidence strongly suggests spores can be inactivated with its application. Furthermore, this study revealed there appears to be significant differences in susceptibility and inactivation of different C. difficile ribotypes.
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KALLAS, KASSEM. "A Game-Theoretic Approach for Adversarial Information Fusion in Distributed Sensor Networks." Doctoral thesis, Università di Siena, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11365/1005735.
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Every day we share our personal information through digital systems which are constantly exposed to threats. For this reason, security-oriented disciplines of signal processing have received increasing attention in the last decades: multimedia forensics, digital watermarking, biometrics, network monitoring, steganography and steganalysis are just a few examples. Even though each of these fields has its own peculiarities, they all have to deal with a common problem: the presence of one or more adversaries aiming at making the system fail. Adversarial Signal Processing lays the basis of a general theory that takes into account the impact that the presence of an adversary has on the design of effective signal processing tools.
By focusing on the application side of Adversarial Signal Processing, namely adversarial information fusion in distributed sensor networks, and adopting a game-theoretic approach, this thesis contributes to the above mission by addressing four issues. First, we address decision fusion in distributed sensor networks by developing a novel soft isolation defense scheme that protects the
network from adversaries, specifically, Byzantines. Second, we develop an optimum decision fusion strategy in the presence of Byzantines. In the next step, we propose a technique to reduce the complexity of the optimum fusion by relying on a novel nearly-optimum message passing algorithm based on factor graphs. Finally, we introduce a defense mechanism to protect decentralized networks running consensus algorithm against data falsification attacks.
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Beedles, Monique Therese Frances. "The uncertain role of alliances in the strategic armoury of the dominant firms in the global pharmaceutical industry." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2002.
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This thesis aimed to address a gap in the strategic management literature whereby theories about the significance of alliances have been forwarded and accepted without adequate empirical evidence being provided to support their central thesis. The alliance activity of the dominant firms in the global pharmaceutical industry was studied and no consistent link was found between the involvement of these firms in research and development alliances and their performance over a range of indicators. This finding is not compatible with much of the current strategic management literature, which asserts that alliances are an essential part of the strategy of successful firms and that without these collaborative agreements, firm failure is inevitable. Further to this fmding, four of the firms were examined through detailed archival analysis over a longitudinal historical timeframe to determine the role of alliances in the overall
strategy of each firm. The strategic perspective taken in the research gives a holistic view of each firm through consideration of their alliance activity as well as a range of other important factors such as their acquisitions and divestments, executive changes, patents and marketing approvals, stock offerings, buy backs and legal proceedings. The results of this analysis show that successful firms may use one or more of a range of strategic
tools to ensure their continued profitability and ultimate survival. As an alternative to alliances, mergers or acquisitions may be used or as a third alternative, firms can choose to develop their internal resources. These fmdings support the concept, espoused by core management theorists, that strategy is unique. To address the lack of evidence in the literature, this research sought to gather evidence that would elucidate the nature of the connection between alliance activity and performance. For the dominant firms in the pharmaceutical industry the evidence has
shown that the role of alliances in the performance of these firms is uncertain and that there is no empirical basis for claims that alliances are essential to firm success.While further research may show that alliances are indeed imperative for small firms without the necessary capabilities, particularly those related to their human capital, to develop internally or the resources to grow through acquisition, there is no certainty that
the dominant firms in this industry are forced into such imperatives. The smaller and newer biotechnology firms gain their competitive advantage through their innovative
capacity to produce potentially valuable new molecules. However, these firms do not possess within their human capital the complete range of skills, nor do they posses within their infrastructure the physical capabilities required to materialize from the promising molecule a marketable pharmaceutical product. In order for the promise of their innovations to be realized they must seek external inputs. This could come in the form of venture capital, but the investments required are so large and the risk for the investors so great that this path is rarely followed. Instead these firms enter into a dependency relationship with a larger, more resource rich firm. In this way the large numbers of firms potentially involved in the industry are dominated by a small number of firms who have the means to maintain for their own benefit the established dependency
relationships. These dominant firms retain their strategic choice and may select from a range of options.
Indeed it is the very dominance of these firms that creates the dependence of the smaller firms upon them. These conclusions should force a rethinking of the approach to theory development in this area, and for business decision makers, the findings should encourage revision of their strategy using a holistic, firm based perspective, through a
recognition that the outcome of strategic decision making is always contingent upon the context in which the decisions must be made.
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Nkhumane, Evelyn. "Couple-empowerment strategies to decrease the HIV risk in a male-dominant mileu / Evelyn Nkhumane." Thesis, North-West University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/2101.
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Bergström, Johanna. "Pharmaceutical Patent Strategies : The Competition between Originator and Generic Companies within the European Union." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Rättsvetenskap, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-19695.
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The pharmaceutical market is a billon euro industry and the competition on the market is highly intensive. Primarily there are two competitors on the market, partly the originators which provide the market with new drugs, and partly the generics which produce copies of the originators‟ drugs. The originators are able to be granted patent protection of the drug under the European patent system, provided that the drug fulfils the requirements for patentability. During the period of patent protection the generics are not able to produce copies of the drug, but once the duration of the patent has expired the generics are able start the production. Thus, in order to hinder the generics to make copies of the drug, the originators apply various patent strategies. This has been noted by the European Commission, which conducted a sector inquiry of the pharmaceutical market in 2009. The presentation of the competition within the market focused on the applied strategies by the originator and concluded that all measures will be taken to hinder restrictions on the competition. In conjunction, the General Court judged in a recent case that the originator AstraZeneca constituted an infringement of the competition law when their strategies were applied. The complexity of determine whether a strategy is lawful or not, is due to the interface between the intellectual property law and the EC competition law. This implies that the strategy can be lawful under the IP law but unlawful under the competition law. The Court has established that any strategy, regardless of its legality under the IP law, constitutes an infringement of the competition law if it might restrict the competition. The Courts do not provide sufficient guidelines of the conditions that constitute the infringement. Consequently, the strategies‟ legality is at present time uncertain.
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Nord, Tomas. "Structure and developments in the solid wood value chain : dominant saw milling strategies and industrialized housing." Licentiate thesis, Luleå, 2005. http://epubl.luth.se/1402-1757/2005/57.
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Ro, Youn-Gil. "Dominant coalitions and strategic choices in different business systems : a comparative analysis of BSC and Posco." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.632844.
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The thesis analyses the strategic choices of two major world steel producers - British Steel Corporation in the UK and Pohang Iron & Steel Co., Ltd. in Korea - from the late 1960s to 1989. For each organisation, a longitudinal analysis of 'dominant coalition' in top management is described in relation to the characteristics of different 'business systems (Whitley 1992)' in the two nation states. The two case studies explore why and how the processes and outcomes of a firm's choices differ significantly between the respective countries. In addition to the importance of the beliefs and understandings of the actors controlling scarce resources, we argue that social institutions exert considerable influence on the group behaviour of dominant coalitions and vitally affect their 'business systems' and the organisations' choices. We also point out at the end that the coalitions' control over the systems and choices is incomplete as long as they are bound by institutional rules and changes. Points of practical concern that deserve further research attention are summarised in the final chapter.
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Dopfer, Melanie. "Soziale Mechanismen in einer Meute Englischer Foxhounds." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-212782.
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Die wissenschaftliche Erforschung des Haushundes (Canis lupus forma familiaris) mit Fokus auf seine sozialen Eigenschaften hat große Relevanz in Anbetracht seiner zunehmenden Bedeutung im Zusammenleben mit dem Menschen als Familienmitglied und Arbeitstier.
Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war es, die Relevanz von Dominanz in den Beziehungen von Gruppenmitgliedern einer Meute Englischer Foxhounds darzustellen sowie ihre Auswirkung auf die Sozialstruktur der Hunde. Weitergehend sollte die Analyse von aggressionsanzeigendem Verhalten und sozialen Strategien Aufschluss über Regelungsmechanismen im Zusammenleben der Hunde geben. Speichelcortisolanalysen sollten Einblick über die Stressexposition der Hunde in diesem Zusammenleben geben. Das Neutrophilen/ Lymphozyten Verhältnis im Blut sollte darüber hinaus mögliche Auswirkungen der Cortisolproduktion auf das Immunsystem aufzeigen.
Für die Datenerhebung wurden 16 Englische Foxhounds einer Meute von 72 Hunden berücksichtigt. Je 4 Hündinnen und 4 Rüden wurden einer von 2 Gruppen zugeteilt. Über einen Zeitraum von 10 Monaten erfolgten Verhaltensbeobachtungen an jedem Individuum mittels der Methode Focal Animal Sampling. Von Hunden aus Gruppe 1 wurden 17,5 Stunden Beobachtungsmaterial und aus Gruppe 2 17,0 Stunden gesammelt. Die Speichelproben wurden mit der Salivette® der Firma SARSTEDT (Nümbrecht- Rommelsdorf) entnommen und mittels eines speziell für die Speichelcortisol- Analyse entwickelten Immunoassays (double- antibody biotin- linked enzyme immunoassay) analysiert.
Ergebnisse:
Die als möglicherweise dominanzanzeigend eingestuften Indikatoren, nämlich die Körperhaltung High Posture und die Durchsetzungskraft als Eigenschaft eines Hundes, konnten als solche nicht bestätigt werden. Es konnte keine dominanzbasierte Hierarchie ermittelt werden. Auch konnten von 82 Dyaden nur in 5 eine Dominanz- Subordinanz- Beziehung ermittelt werden, was kein aussagekräftiges Ergebnis darstellt. Aggressive Handlungen wurden in beiden Gruppen pro Stunde durchschnittlich jeweils 12 Mal beobachtet, jedoch meist in der Intensität 1 - 2 (von 5- stufiger Skala). Sie wurden hochsignifikant häufiger unter Rüden als unter Hündinnen beobachtet (p= 0,002). Berechnungen der Aggressionskoeffizienten belegten deutliche Unterschiede in den individuellen Aggressionsniveaus. Die Analyse ausgetragener Konflikte auf Taktiken und Strategien lieferte jedoch keine signifikanten Ergebnisse. Die Foxhounds reagierten situativ und selten gegner- und nie kontextabhängig. Die Speichelcortisolanalysen belegten vielfach höhere Basal- Mittelwerte der Foxhounds verglichen mit Analysen von Hunden anderer Studien. Eine Reduktion des Cortisolwerts erfolgte bei 14 von 16 Hunden nach 20- minütigem Einzelspaziergang mit Menschenkontakt. Allerdings konnte keine Verbindung zwischen dem Speichelcortisolwert und dem soziometrisch errechneten Rangplatz in der Gruppe ermittelt werden. Ebenso bestand keine Korrelation zwischen dem Speichelcortisolwert und Immunstatus sowie Aggressionspotential.
Schlussfolgerungen:
Dominanz spielte keine erkennbare Rolle in den sozialen Interaktionen und Beziehungen der Hunde. Die Ergebnisse lassen die Schlussfolgerung auf eine egalitäre Sozialstruktur der Foxhounds zu statt einer dominanzabhängigen, was auch durch die situativ geregelten Begegnungen unterstützt wird. Aggressives Verhalten als häufig repräsentiertes Kommunikationselement wurde bei den einzelnen Hunden unterschiedlich oft beobachtet, was auf die Verschiedenheit der Charaktere und ihre Motivationen, Konflikte einzugehen, hindeutet. Die häufiger unter Rüden beobachtete Aggression kann auf ein erhöhtes Konkurrenzpotential hindeuten. Die im Speichel der Foxhounds gemessenen Cortisolwerte lassen die Vermutung auf eine durch das Gruppenleben bedingte Erhöhung des Basalwerts zu, ohne Konsequenzen auf den Immunstatus. Die fehlenden Korrelationen zu den individuellen Rangplätzen und Aggression unterstützt die Vermutung eines
lockeren bzw. egalitären Sozialgefüges.
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Andulce, Troncoso Pablo, Figueroa Elizabeth Gutiérrez, Peña Angel Rodrigo Moraga, Westres Riderick Sandoval, Ventura Rodrigo Segovia, and Bustos Carlos Vásquez. "Discourse Strategies and Dominance in a sample from a Talk Show." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2004. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/110173.
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FLOREDDU, PAOLA BARBARA. "Digital strategies for market dominance: empirical evidence from the insurance industry." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11584/266543.
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Internet, Web 2.0 and digital and mobile technologies have fundamentally changed the way firms perform, conceive, develop and deliver services, leading to the development of personalized relationships with customers, increasing quality, improving lead time, and enabling more customization at a lower cost.
These channel proliferation has increased the complexity of firms’ operations because it opens up new customer contact points. In today's rapidly changing environment, firms need to diversify, adapt, and even reinvent themselves to match evolving market and technological conditions and to turn themselves into multichannel organizations.
The multichannel model may generate more sales and profit when channel benefits are well identified and integrated to provide service transactions across channels. Thus, the success of multichannel service bases on how companies capitalize optimizes digital touch points to interact with consumers.
The goal of this dissertation is to further develop our understanding of the impact of digital channels on multichannel attribution and devise effective multichannel strategies that increase synergy effects to reach consumers across channels.
In the first paper, I examined how managing seamless service transactions across channels impact competitive advantage. A great amount of literature has focused on multichannel distribution strategies but there is a little theory or systematic research on the relationship between multichannel strategy and competitive advantage. In this vein, scholars have called for specific research efforts to better understand how the use of digital, online and offline distribution channels could lead to sustainable competitive advantage. Based on the dynamic capability and IT capability literature, this essay aims to contribute to this body of knowledge by first conceptualizing a new IT capability
named multichannel capability that is “the ability of an organization to effectively integrate and manage multiple distribution channels through data integration and coordination enabled by IT”. I used a quali-quantitative research design to 1) to investigate what are the main dimensions that comprise multichannel capability and 2) to understand how the relationship between multichannel capability and competitive advantage emerges. This study allows understanding how the firm's multichannel capabilities influence the creation and sustenance of competitive advantage in turbulent environments.
In the second paper, I examined the ways in which companies manage their reputation in social media, focusing on the role of communication strategies. Previous literature has demonstrated that corporate communication has a direct impact on corporate reputation, although little is known about the link between firms’ social media communication strategies and the formation of firms’ reputations in an online environment. This essay aims to contribute to this body of knowledge by studying the impact of social media communication strategies on firms’ reputations. To explore how firms manage corporate reputation in online environments, I employed a longitudinal explorative multiple-case study (Eisenhardt, 1989). The setting for our study is the insurance industry. The analysis led to the recognition that, among the various types of companies (high, medium, and low reputation), the differences in reputation are attributable to four basic dimensions: categories of communication strategies, the evolution of communication strategies across three years (2011-2013), the timing of interaction, and the number of interactions. These results offer insights into the challenges of developing online communication strategies that affect corporate reputation.
In the third paper, I examined the main difference between business models exploited by European insurance companies. A business model describes a formula of unique value creation. It consists of a unique value proposition and profit-making formula as well as key resources and process coupled together as a system to operationalize value creation. Research on business model in global competition has not yet prominent in academic discourse.
In particular, how some firms operating in multiple international markets adopt "one for all" business models while others opt for heterogeneous business models that work for multiple international market settlements is not fully understood. This paper attempts to fill this gap by proposing a maturity model that enables observations of how the same company creates value distinctively in the global marketplace. I employed a multiple case study in the European insurance market. This research makes several contributions to insurance companies. First, the components of e-business models identify in my framework of industry leaders serve as benchmarks for e-business models of competitors. Secondly, we offer some practical guidance to managers to develop a successful business model in different markets.
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Molokoane, Davey Hank. "Predictors of acculturation outcomes amongst members of the South African Police in Gauteng / D.H. Molokoane." Thesis, North-West University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/1525.
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Piombo, Jessica R. 1973. "Entering one-party dominant democracy in South Africa : political institutions, social demographies and party strategies, 1994-1999." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/8029.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Political Science, 2003.Includes bibliographical references (p. [357]-377). Includes bibliographical references (p. ).
This study explains the construction and maintenance of a one-party dominant democratic political system in South Africa between 1994 and 1999. Against conventional explanations that rely on historical conditions and voting patterns driven by ascriptive identities, this study offers an explanation of events that focuses on the role of political institutions and social demographics in structuring the incentives that shape strategic choices made by political parties. The process by which the ruling African National Congress (ANC) entrenched its dominant position between 1994 and 1999 was attributable to a number of factors. The analysis found that the ANC actively manipulated political cleavages to perpetuate its hegemonic position in South African politics, rather than simply resting on its status as the liberation party or the ethnic loyalties of its supporters. The process of establishing and maintaining dominance, for the ANC, involved maintaining strategic alliances with labor and leftists, manipulating social and political discourse to reinforce the unity of the political community of non-Whites on whose electoral support the party relied; and finally, manipulating state institutions to help the party to reward supporters and maintain the focus of power on the national level. Through each of these strategies, the ANC worked to maintain a political black-White cleavage, perpetuating electoral patterns that promoted the continued dominance of the party. On the other hand, the major opposition parties in South Africa inadvertently contributed to the dominance of the ANC by failing to activate social divisions and potential political cleavages within the ANC's support base.
(cont.) In response to political institutions that focused political competition on the national sphere and the structure of social cleavages that worked against the cultivation of small ethnic support bases, most parties pursued mobilization strategies capable of providing easily mobilizable, large bases to deliver short-term electoral gains. In pursuing these strategies, the opposition rejected mobilizing smaller groups within the ANC's support base that had long-term potential to fracture the support base of the ANC. In developing these strategies, the each of the parties based their strategies on complex relationship between race, class and political affiliation.
by Jessica R. Piombo.
Ph.D.
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Langos, Geoffrey P. (Geoffrey Paul) 1971. "An assessment of new broadband wireless technologies and their impact on adoption strategies for the dominant providers." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/91807.
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Alafifi, Markus. "Presidential Manifestation of Verbal Dominance : A discourse analysis of conversational dominance strategies employed by Joe Biden and Donald Trump." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Engelska, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-34735.
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This study aims to observe linguistic disparities in the distribution of the conversational dominance strategies interruptions, amount of talk, and questions in the first U.S. 2020 presidential debate between Joe Biden and Donald Trump. Subsequently, these findings establish the evaluation of how the interactive phenomena relate to the masculinity conceptualizations of hegemonic masculinity and subordination. To examine the study objective, the methodology conducted was a discourse analysis of the debate transcript. Hence, the method intended to measure to which extent Biden and Trump employed interruptions, amount of talk, and questions during the debate. The outcome of the review established the discursive dominance framework used to discuss how the presidential candidates demonstrated adherence to diverse masculinities’ conceptualizations. The discourse analysis outcome revealed an asymmetrical distribution of the interactive phenomena across all variables measured in favor of Donald Trump. These results suggest that Trump’s discursive performance signaled adherence to hegemonic masculinity norms to a greater extent than Biden through employing more conversational dominance strategies during the debate. Consequently, Biden’s discursive performance indicated closer relations to masculine subordination than Trump’s performance.
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Kässlin, Tony. "Kinas väg till dominans? : En fallstudie om Belt and Road Initiative som utrikespolitisk strategi." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för statsvetenskap (ST), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-104329.
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The purpose of this essay is to explore China's foreign policy through Joseph S. Nye's theory of power applied on the Belt and Road Initiative. It aims to answer whether or not China's foreign policy has changed during Xi Jinping's presidency and in what way Belt and Road Initiative can be explained in terms of power behaviour and power resources. The method used in this essay is that of a case study. The empirical evidence shows that China's foreign policy has changed in a direction that is meant to strengthen Xi Jinping's influence and that Belt and Road Initiative is a project with the intention to accumulate economic resources. It also shows that China's government and domestic policies weakens its "soft power" resources due to restraints in its civil society. The essayc concludes that the Belt and Road Initiative is China and Xi Jinping's expansion strategy whose main objective is to create incentives for Chinese domestic, economic growth. It also concludes that Chinese "soft power" would increase if the domestic policies would aim for a more democratic course.
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Alli, Shahnaz. "Positive acculturation context variables as predictors of acculturation outcomes in a mine in the Nort-West Province / Shahnaz Alli." Thesis, North-West University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/3636.
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This project analyses the acculturation process in a specific context, in order to predict the perceived work success and health (both psychological and physical) of mineworkers in a mine in the North-West Province.1 Success is evaluated in terms of meeting deadlines at work, reputation and respect at work, and training and development opportunities at work. Employees' success and health is considered from an acculturation perspective and thus viewed as a result of the acculturation process. This hypothesis was investigated by examining the affect of the acculturation context and individual intervening factors, which are translated into variables, on perceived work success and health (acculturation outcomes).
A random convenience sample of participants from the mine under investigated was taken (n = 288 the majority of the participants are male, married, Black, and Afrikaans-speaking). English questionnaires using a cross-sectional survey design were administered to these participants. The questions were derived from adapted measuring scales and scales developed for the project, which follow a five-point Likert format ('strongly agree' to 'strongly disagree'). Four categories of instruments were used: those examining the mainstream domain (multiculturalism, tolerance of other cultures by the mainstream, multicultural practices, relationships with host culture members at work), individual intervening factors (individual integration acculturation strategy and perceived self-efficacy), acculturation outcomes (health and work success), and the ethnocultural domain (ethnic integration demands, ethnic solidarity and social support, relationship with co-ethnics, and ethnic vitality at work).
The data was captured in a spreadsheet, quality controlled, and statistically analysed using multivariate analysis of variance, one-way analysis of variance, and T-tests in SAS, SPSS, and AMOS (regression using structural equation modelling). Descriptive statistics, Cronbach alpha coefficients, and Pearson product-moment correlation coefficients were examined. Effect sizes were used to determine the practical significance of the findings.
Perceived self-efficacy is a statistically significant predictor of work success in terms of meeting deadlines. Multicultural practices, ethnic integration demands at work, relationship with co-ethnics individual integration acculturation strategy, and perceived self-efficacy statistically significant predictors of work success in terms of reputation and respect at work. Multicultural practices and ethnic solidarity and social support are statistically significant predictors of work success in terms of training and development opportunities at work.
Relationships with host culture members at work, ethnic solidarity and social support, ethnic vitality at work, and individual integration acculturation strategy are statistically significant predictors of psychological health. Multiculturalism, multicultural practices, and tolerance of other cultures by the mainstream are statistically significant predictors of physical health.
This project concludes that success and health can be considered from an acculturation perspective and these acculturation outcomes can be predicted based on the acculturation context and individual intervening factors.Thesis (M.Com. (Human Resource Management))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2009.
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Höijertz, David. "Place branding strategies and urban transformation in ’emerging world class’ cities." Thesis, KTH, Urbana och regionala studier, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-142365.
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Countries in the Persian Gulf and Pacific Asia have in a short time transformed themselves into economic powerhouses. The urban environment in these countries has been highly impacted by a tremendous economic growth and an emphasis on megaprojects containing modernistic urban design as well as the hosting of prestigious events. This has evidently been a part of well-defined strategies in order to maintain growth and to secure future development. Although same or at least similar strategies are used by many ‘emerging world class’ cities, they act in very different environments and with different preconditions. These strategies are mainly thought to originate from theories about global competitiveness where cities act and compete in a global hierarchy. One of the ‘emerging world class’ cities is Kuala Lumpur, the capital of Malaysia. In the case study provided in this thesis, evidence of a very tight and defined strategy containing the usage of world-class urban projects as a facilitator of future growth is presented. This strategy is also a product of a powerful government with a highly motivated Prime minister with almost unrestricted possibilities. Not many other actors have played a significant role in the recent urban transformation of Kuala Lumpur. A different perspective is also investigated which seeks to explain the development using a more domestic approach rather than the global perspective which is emphasized through this study.
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Eriksson, Linus, and Emmy Rosander. "Embrace the Experience : A multiple case study of customer experience strategies within the Swedish retail market." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för marknadsföring (MF), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-105771.
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The concept of customer experience has an increasing interest among organizations today since customers have become picky and demands for an experience are an existing fact. In the early 2000s, a paradigm shift was found, where focus from a goods-dominant logic was moved to a service-dominant logic which came to have a great impact on how to manage customer experiences today. Digitalization in society has increased which has created both opportunities and difficulties for organizations. A new norm has emerged where organizations implement an omnichannel strategy. In turn, omnichannel marketing can improve the customer experience. However, omnichannel marketing makes the customer journey highly individual and more complex to understand. Therefore the purpose of this thesis is to explore how Swedish retailers on a strategic level manage the customer experience and if there are any differences in the strategies between price segments. The empirical findings were conducted using a qualitative multiple case study of five cases in the Swedish retail sector. The data was gathered from semi-structured interviews and was analyzed and compared to existing theory. The conclusion of this thesis shows customer insights as a common theme that emerges frequently throughout the semi-structured interviews. Through customer insight, retail organizations have a chance to meet their customers’ demands and face the complexity that occurs with technology and new channels. In the conclusion, there are also found differences in how to manage customer experiences between price segments. A common factor among the cases within customer experience is quality. Although, quality has a different meaning depending on which price segment. Further, the quality can be staged into three levels connected to each price segment.
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Tawil, Dima. "Performance evaluation of portfolio insurance strategies." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015REN1G017/document.
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Cette thèse a pour objectif d’évaluer et de comparer la performance des stratégies d’assurance de portefeuille pour tenter de définir quelles stratégies doivent être privilégiées par les investisseurs. Nous comparons de nombreuses stratégies d’assurance (OBPI, CPPI, put synthétique et Stop-loss) entre elles mais également avec quelques autres stratégies de référence. Nous utilisons différents critères de comparaison qui comprennent: 1. Les distributions de pay-off, le niveau de protection, la dominance stochastique et le coût d’assurance dans différentes conditions de marché identifiées par des modèles à changements de régime markovien. 2. Les mesures de la performance ajustée au risque qui peuvent refléter les préférences des investisseurs vis-à-vis du risque et de la rentabilité. 3. Les préférences des investisseurs en intégrant la théorie cumulative des perspectives (TCP). Nos résultats semblent mettre en évidence une dominance des stratégies CPPI dans la majorité des cas et pour la majorité des critères de comparaisonThis thesis is set out with the objective of evaluating and comparing the performance of portfolio insurance strategies. We try to figure out when and why one portfolio insurance strategy should be preferred by investors in practice. To meet this objective, main portfolio insurance strategies (OBPI, CPPI, Synthetic put and Stop-loss) are compared relatively to each other and to some benchmark strategies. Portfolio insurance strategies are applied within different implementation scenarios and compared according to various criteria that include:1. The payoff functions, stochastic dominance, the level of protection and the cost of insurance under bull and bear market conditions. 2. Various risk adjusted performance measures that reflect different investors’ preferences toward risk and return. 3. The preferences of investors who act according to cumulative prospect theory (CPT). Our results reveal a dominant role of CPPI strategy at the majority of cases and according to the majority of comparison criteria
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Silver, Jonathan D. "Hollywood's dominance of the movie industry : how did it arise and how has it been maintained?" Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2007. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16687/1/Jonathan_Derek_Silver_Thesis.pdf.
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Hollywood’s dominance of the movie industry has been the subject of numerous studies. An interdisciplinary literature review in this thesis identified twenty different single or multiple factor explanations that try to account for Major studio dominance at different time periods but cannot comprehensively explain how Hollywood acquired and maintained dominance for nine decades. This thesis reviewed the economics, management and marketing literatures to identify existing theoretical explanations for the acquisition and persistence of market dominance. It then integrated existing theories identified within the business literature into a ‘theoretical lens’. This lens enables an historical analysis of Hollywood’s longstanding dominance of the movie business to be undertaken from a strategic business perspective. This thesis concludes that the Major studios rise to market leadership and enduring dominance can primarily be explained because they developed and maintained a set of strategic marketing management capabilities that were superior to rival firms and rival film industries. It is argued that a marketing orientation and effective strategic marketing management capabilities also provide a unifying theory for Hollywood’s enduring dominance because they can account for each of the twenty previously identified explanations for that dominance. The original contribution of this thesis is the development of a strategic marketing management lens and a set of guiding questions that can facilitate a strategic analysis of market dominance in any industry.
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Silver, Jonathan D. "Hollywood's dominance of the movie industry : how did it arise and how has it been maintained?" Queensland University of Technology, 2007. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16687/.
Full textAbstract:
Hollywood’s dominance of the movie industry has been the subject of numerous studies. An interdisciplinary literature review in this thesis identified twenty different single or multiple factor explanations that try to account for Major studio dominance at different time periods but cannot comprehensively explain how Hollywood acquired and maintained dominance for nine decades. This thesis reviewed the economics, management and marketing literatures to identify existing theoretical explanations for the acquisition and persistence of market dominance. It then integrated existing theories identified within the business literature into a ‘theoretical lens’. This lens enables an historical analysis of Hollywood’s longstanding dominance of the movie business to be undertaken from a strategic business perspective. This thesis concludes that the Major studios rise to market leadership and enduring dominance can primarily be explained because they developed and maintained a set of strategic marketing management capabilities that were superior to rival firms and rival film industries. It is argued that a marketing orientation and effective strategic marketing management capabilities also provide a unifying theory for Hollywood’s enduring dominance because they can account for each of the twenty previously identified explanations for that dominance. The original contribution of this thesis is the development of a strategic marketing management lens and a set of guiding questions that can facilitate a strategic analysis of market dominance in any industry.
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Mackridge, Ralph. "The politics of local food : agenda setting, organisational strategies and the emergence of a dominant discourse on short food chains." Thesis, University of the West of England, Bristol, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.436419.
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Bergstrom, Ellie R. "Carbon physiological strategies across dominant Great Barrier Reef crustose coralline algae in the context of evolutionary history and global change." Thesis, Griffith University, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/402735.
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Crustose coralline algae (CCA) are calcifying marine red macroalgae that play key ecological roles in building and cementing reef structures, and contribute significantly to the coastal marine carbon cycle. Anthropogenic global change is advancing rapidly and its two main threats in the marine realm, ocean acidification (OA) and ocean warming, have been empirically shown to impair the physiology of CCA. However, the presence of CCA in the geological record dates back to more than 180 million years ago, indicating that CCA have endured periods of substantial fluctuation in oceanic temperature and pCO2. CCA taxa comprise three lineages: Corallinales (most recently evolved), Hapalidiales (intermediate/more basal), and Sporolithales (most basal). Yet, it is still not well understood how their distinct evolutionary histories may have affected selection for certain physiological strategies and how this may shape trends in their responses to OA and warming.
Two key carbon physiological processes in CCA are photosynthesis and calcification, and due to their variable and interdependent nature, the observation of a singular physiological response may not suffice in predicting the long-term survival of these reef-building macroalgae. Gaps exist in the knowledge of mechanisms that underpin carbon fixation and biomineralisation across lineages that would ultimately elucidate the fate of CCA taxa under global threats. Thus, I aimed to identify the strategies that exist across various carbon physiological processes: inorganic carbon uptake, carbon partitioning, carbon release, and cell wall organic matrix composition, which allow the movement of carbon into, within, and out of the CCA thallus.
I examined six common CCA species from the northern Great Barrier Reef that belong to lineages with distinct evolutionary histories (time and environmental conditions endured). I chose three dominant taxa that pertain to the more basal lineages and occupy low-light habitats, and three dominant taxa that belong to the most recently evolved lineage and occupy high-light environments. I conducted experiments where OA and warming scenarios (largely IPCC 8.5) were simulated in a flow-through mesocosm system, CCA fragments were subjected to treatment for 1-2 months, and physiological strategies and their responses to treatment were quantified. First, to establish the extent of diffusive CO2 and/or HCO3- use, inorganic carbon uptake was characterised by measuring the stable carbon isotope ratio of surficial CCA tissue (Chapter 2). Second, I determined patterns in the quantity of carbon partitioned to surficial organic tissue and inorganic skeleton, as well as the amount of carbon released as dissolved organic carbon (DOC) (Chapter 3). Finally, I examined strategies of the monosaccharide composition of polysaccharides that compose the cell wall in surficial organic tissue, and its relationship with biomineralisation capacity (Chapter 4).
The results indicated that CCA possess a range of strategies within each physiological process. In Chapters 2 and 3, I found that CCA from basal lineages that evolved to occupy low-light environments largely possess strategies of greater diffusive CO2 uptake, lower organic:inorganic biomass ratios, and from a zero to positive net efflux of DOC. On the other hand, CCA from the more recently-evolved lineage that occupy high-light environments largely possess greater HCO3- uptake, higher organic:inorganic biomass ratios, and a net DOC influx. Results from Chapter 4 suggest variability in abundance of cellulose, mannan, alginate, and galactan across taxa. Patterns in the abundance of a monomer of alginate indicate a positive correlation between alginate abundance and biomineralisation potential. However, composition is largely not predicted by evolutionary history. In response to OA and warming, Chapter 2 results indicate that CCA largely increase HCO3- uptake across strategies, which is associated with maintained or increased metabolic performance. Chapter 3 results suggest that while low-light CCA tend to retain carbon content in their surficial thallus and switch to a net influx of DOC under global change, high-light taxa largely decrease surficial carbon content and release more DOC. Chapter 4 results demonstrate that monosaccharides were differentially modulated across CCA taxa under OA and warming. Changes in the monosaccharides of the important reef-builder P. cf. onkodes were correlated with lower biomineralisation capacity.
Overall, these findings provide a framework for characterising the distinct strategies of carbon acquisition, partitioning, release, and organic matrix composition across dominant reef-building CCA of the Great Barrier Reef. The data suggest that some physiological strategies may be specific to high- or low-light reef environments, showing the importance of the relationship between light availability and carbon fluxes. The data also indicate that the distinct environmental conditions during which each CCA lineage evolved may have played a role in the diversity of carbon physiologies across CCA. Ultimately, the carbon physiological responses of some species were more suitable to maintain metabolic performance, and may potentially be more adaptable to global change than others. These findings suggest that if less robust CCA are not capable of acclimating/adapting relatively quickly, there may be serious repercussions for the integrity and ecology of certain reef environments into the Anthropocene.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Environment and Sc
Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology
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Esvael, Eliana Vasconcelos da Silva. "A construção do ponto de vista dominante na escrita de pré-universitários." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8142/tde-28062012-093354/.
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Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo investigar um aspecto particular na produção escrita de estudantes pré-universitários, a saber: a construção de pontos de vista e, especificamente, do ponto de vista dominante, em 270 redações do exame vestibular da FUVEST/2006. Como fundamentação teórica, tomo as redações de vestibular sob duas perspectivas: 1) a enunciativa, a fim de identificar os pontos de vista presentes no texto por meio da hierarquização dos diferentes enunciadores; e 2) a discursiva, que permite observar como os diferentes saberes, mobilizados pelo escrevente, intervêm nas ligações e nas fissuras argumentativas do texto para construir pontos de vista e, especificamente, o ponto de vista dominante. Por meio dessa abordagem, enunciativo-discursiva, identifico os posicionamentos enunciativos do escrevente e seus desdobramentos discursivos. A análise das redações que envolve a organização argumentativa interna ao texto e sua relação com os tipos de saberes mobilizados em sua construção exige dois procedimentos articulados: um olhar para redação de vestibular como gênero, acatando sua constituição heterogênea e suas regularidades na organização argumentativa do texto; outro olhar, para descrever os desdobramentos discursivos dessa organização, buscando nos modos de qualificação as representações dos posicionamentos do escrevente. Os resultados revelaram que o exame vestibular, concebido como um evento de letramento, comprova as relações dialógicas determinadas por uma situação de produção que é regulada socialmente. O escrevente, fruto da interação social, se apoia discursivamente nos saberes escolares e extraescolares por ele mobilizados e elege os elementos qualificadores como importante estratégia argumentativa na construção de pontos de vista e, primordialmente, na construção do ponto de vista dominante. A construção do ponto de vista dominante se estabelece a partir do diálogo com outros pontos de vista. O diálogo com os textos da coletânea do exame foi preponderante nessa construção e o recurso à mobilização de saberes de esferas diferentes das da coletânea fortaleceu o efeito polifônico da construção do ponto de vista dominante, mostrando que ela é resultado do modo como o escrevente lê e interpreta esses textos; moldado por suas práticas letradas escolares e extraescolares e regulado por suas representações. Esses fatos comprovam a importância do ensino e da aprendizagem da linguagem escrita por meio de um gênero, considerando seus aspectos enunciativos e discursivos.This research has for objective to investigate a particular aspect in the written production of students who are going to take the exame for college entrance: the construction of points of view and, specifically, of the dominant point of view in 270 vestibularessays of FUVEST of the college entrance exam/2006. As a theoretical basis, I take the college entrance exam essays from two perspectives: 1) the enunciative, to identify the points of view in the text through the hierarchy of different enunciators, 2) the discursive, which will observe how the different knowledge, mobilized of different spheres of activities, intervine in the linkings involved in the fissures of the argumentative text to build points of views and, specifically, the dominant point of view. The analysis of the essays, which involves the internal organization of argument to the text and its relation to the types of knowledge mobilized in its construction, articulated requires two procedures: a look at writing as a genre, respecting its constitution and its heterogeneous regularities, and observing primarily the presence of qualifying elements, as argumentative strategy, another look, to describe the consequences of this discursive organization, looking at ways of qualifying the representations of the positions of the subject. The results revealed that the exame for college entrance, designed as a literacy event, proves the dialogical relations determined by a production situation that is socially regulated. The subject supports discursively on the school knowledge and extra-school knowledge mobilized by him and chooses the qualifying elements as important argumentative strategy in the construction of points of view and primarily in the construction of the dominant point of view. The dialogue with the texts supplied for the exame was predominant in this construction, showing that it is the result of how the subject reads and interprets these texts. It is shaped by their writing practices of which the students participated during his life as a subject and it is regulated by representations. These facts demonstrate the importance of teaching and learning of written language through a genre, considering its enunciative and discursive aspects.
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Williams, Emily Carroll. "Maternal control in mother-child relationships and the effects on children's social dominance strategies." Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2010. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Spring2010/E_Williams_041410.pdf.
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Thesis (M.A. in human development )--Washington State University, May 2010.Title from PDF title page (viewed on Apr. 30, 2010). "Department of Human Development." Includes bibliographical references (p. 43-55).
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Otani, Yosuke. "Feeding and reproductive strategies of ranging behavior in male Japanese macaques." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/189655.
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Godula, Martin. "Redukce strategických her na jejich Best-Response ekvivalenty." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-237085.
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The main goal of this masther thesis is design and implementation of library for reduction of strategy profiles of strategy games in normal form. Logics of library functionality will be based on suitable heuristics founded on methods of iterative elimination of dominated strategies and FDDS. Functionality of resultant library will be demonstrated on convenient problems.
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Ritchie, Sandra S. "Children's use of power strategies the effect of situational and individual differences." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1985. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/184.
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Garcia, Inês Raquel Guarda de. "Humint e Osint na Era da Informação: a vantagem competitiva da Humint num mundo dominado por informação em acesso aberto." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/19801.
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Dissertação de Mestrado em EstratégiaAs Informações Estratégicas revelam-se de extrema importância para a correta condução da Estratégia, através da análise do ambiente externo, permitindo prever ameaças, capacidades e intenções inimigas. A utilização da Humint e Osint no contexto das Informações Estratégicas tem sido amplamente debatida desde a década de 1950. Considerada a Humint uma fonte essencial para as Informações Estratégicas e para a criação de conhecimento sobre o ambiente externo, tem perdido relevância, em proveito das fontes abertas. Antes do surgimento e globalização do fenómeno da internet, a questão que se colocava a utilização de fontes abertas, em detrimento das fontes cobertas relacionava-se com a duvida sobre se as Informações Estratégicas sem o recurso a segredos permitiam uma vantagem competitiva face aos concorrentes. Hoje, o problema de raiz sobre a utilização das fontes abertas (Osint), em detrimento de um maior investimento em fontes cobertas, nomeadamente fontes humanas, mantém-se. As ameaças hibridas revelam-se como um dos exemplos mais recentes da instrumentalização das fontes abertas, recorrendo as potencialidades das tecnologias de informação e comunicação e ao desenvolvimento global da internet. Estas ameaças fundem técnicas convencionais e não convencionais, procurando criar instabilidade, erodir a confiança na própria informação e nas instituições do Estado alvo, quer por parte dos Serviços de Informações em particular, quer pela sociedade em geral, colocando em risco a qualidade dos dados obtidos através de Osint, mas criando também desafios à Humint. Aplicando os métodos comparativo e interpretativista, procura-se responder à questão: qual a relevância da Humint na Era da Informação para a produção de Informações Estratégicas, onde há um predomínio das informações em acesso aberto, enquadrandose no pilar das Informações Estratégicas, proposto na área cientifica de Estratégia do ISCSP-Universidade de Lisboa.
Strategic Intelligence is extremely important for the precise conduct of the Strategy, through the analysis of the external environment, allowing the forecast of threats, capabilities and enemy intentions. The use of Humint and Osint in the context of Strategic Information has been widely debated since the 1950s. Humint is considered an essential source for Strategic Intelligence and creation of knowledge about the external environment, however it has lost relevance, to the benefit of Osint. Before the emergence and globalization of the internet phenomenon, the question of using open sources instead of covered sources was related to the doubt about whether Strategic Intelligence without the use of secrets allowed a competitive advantage over competitors. Today, the root problem regarding the use of open sources (Osint), to the detriment of greater investment in covered sources, namely human sources, remains. Hybrid threats are revealed as one of the most recent examples of the instrumentalization of open sources, using the potential of information and communication technologies and the global development of the internet. These threats fuse conventional and unconventional techniques, seeking to create instability, erode confidence in the information itself and in the institutions of the target State, either by the Information Services in particular, or by society in general, putting at risk the quality of the data obtained through Osint, but also creating challenges for Humint. Applying the comparative and interpretative methods, we seek to answer the question: what is the relevance of Humint in the Information Age for the production of Strategic Information, where there is a predominance of information in open access, framing the pillar of Strategic Information, proposed in the scientific area of Strategy at ISCSPUniversidade de Lisboa.
N/A
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Mastropieri, Giuseppe. "Potere di mercato, dominanza ed interazione strategica tra gli operatori elettrici: collusione tacita nel mercato elettrico italiano." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3422360.
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Ten years after the liberalization of the electric power sector, Italy's energy prices continue to be structurally and notably higher by 60%-80% as compared to those of other major European markets (e.g. OMEL in Spain; PowerNext in France; NordPool in Scandinavia; EEX in Germany).
Unlike many mainstream studies and researches carried out in the past few years, this one investigates the relationship existing between the market structure, the oligopolistic strategies of the dominant operator (i.e. Enel Produzione) in a market characterized by an asymmetric leader/follower balance and the relevant market-prices.
Starting from the overall analysis of the existing peer-reviewed literature on market power, market dominance and antitrust practices on the basis of a structure-conductperformance paradigm to the study of the industrial sector while making use of other recent analytical tools employed by the european antitrust authorities in monitoring competition policies and investigating actual and potential market power abuses and tacit collusion practices, we have focused our attention on Italy's electric power market in the wake of the liberalization process initiated by the so-called Bersani Decree in 1999.
The main effort made in structuring this model-based research was to isolate all the variables depending on "physics" market issues which may have a direct or an indirect effect on the electric power market (e.g. upstream-market factors, natural gas and Brent oil procurement strategies, structural bottlenecks in trasmission grid, status and development of the electric generation plants, price variance in the general demand in relation to time slots) while trying to assess which market dynamics can be explained by the strategic interaction between the operators involved, as a result of the unilateral market power of the dominant market player.
In order to achieve these objectives we have empirically investigated the phenomenon under examination starting with a situational survey on the liberalization process inside the electric power and natural gas sectors, jointly carried out in 2005 by Italy's antitrust and electricity authorities (i.e. AGCM and AEEG).
The survey made use of the entire database for the 2004-2008 district market prices recorded by the Mercato del Giorno Prima (MGP) del Gestore del Mercato Elettrico S.p.A. (GME) i.e. 26,280 price-related observations that came to constitute an incredible empirical resource for the linear regression test gradually taking shape during the survey.
First of all we updated the AEEG/AGCM's situational survey up to the year 2008 with particular reference to standard concentration indexes (such as concentration degree, HHI) and cruciality (namely Residual Demand, Residual Supply Index RSI and Residual Operational Index ROI) in certain macro areas specifically indicated by the AEEG, so we basically created a historical sequence upon which we could operate a longitudinal analysis of structural market indexes.
In other words, the main original contribution of this approach concerned the adoption of reduced form model with regards to standard structural indicators (independent variables) and market-related electricity prices (dependent variable).
Thanks to an initial set of tests based on simplified investigation model we have therefore managed to create a model which was able to statistically explain 85% of the price amount. This result provides a basis for the development of an'advanced reduced form strategic interaction models to be applied to the study of the electricity market sector.
What unequivocally emerges here is the remarkable impact exerted by the cruciality indicator on the price of electricity within the IPEX (Italian Power Exchange) and it also shows that more traditional concentration indexes - CR5 e HHI above all - are unsuitable to explain the market power dynamics of the electric power sector, as they usually produce an underevaluation effect.
This approach, though scientifically relevant, shows a number of limitations that are partly due to the multifarious linear regression approach which doesn't take into sufficient consideration the periodic character of the electricity market (daily, weekly, monthly) and partly to the narrow explanatory scope of this very model, as it basically may ignore a number of undefined variables.
Also, we cannot pass under silence the cross-correlation between the regressors, which are hardly explainable without resorting to oversimplified assumptions.
The research lines that should be followed in this field are, on the one hand, the development of a new enhanced model in opposition to the current one which is basically formulated in terms of "explosions" of undeveloped dummy variables - and, on the other hand, the utilization of a comparative approach by means of which this new model can be tried and tested in other European national markets, in order to confirm the extent of its theoretical assumption.A 10 anni dalla liberalizzazione del settore elettrico, i prezzi dell’energia in Italia risultano strutturalmente e significativamente superiori a quelli dei principali mercati europei di circa il 60-80% (OMEL, Spagna; PowerNext, Francia; NordPool, Paesi scandinavi; EEX, Germania). Diversamente dai principali studi e ricerche realizzati negli ultimi anni, si è indagato la relazione tra struttura di mercato, strategie oligopolistiche dell’operatore dominante (Enel Produzione) in un assetto di mercato di tipo asimmetrico leader-followes e prezzi dell’energia sul mercato. A partire dall’analisi della letteratura scientifica sulle tematiche del potere di mercato, della dominanza e delle pratiche collusive seguendo il paradigma tradizionale strutturacondotta- performance dell’economica industriale e gli strumenti di analisi più recenti dell’economia della concorrenza adottati dalle authority antitrust per indagare l’esistenza e l’uso del potere di mercato e della collusione tacita, si è preso in esame il caso del mercato elettrico italiano a valle del processo di liberalizzazione introdotto nel 1999 con il Decreto Bersani. Lo sforzo modellistico principale è stato quindi proprio quello di isolare tutte le variabili “fisiche” che incidono direttamente e indirettamente sul mercato elettrico (mercati upstream e strategie di approvvigionamento del petrolio e del gas naturale, vincoli di rete e struttura dei mercati zonali, composizione tecnologico-impiantistica del parco produttivo e sua evoluzione, elasticità della domanda al prezzo nelle diverse fasce orarie, etc.) cercando di valutare quanta parte degli esiti del mercato è spiegabile attraverso l’interazione strategica non cooperativa tra gli operatori frutto dell’esercizio del potere di mercato unilaterale da parte dell’operatore dominante. Per raggiungere questi obiettivi si è indagato empiricamente il fenomeno partendo dall’Indagine conoscitiva sullo stato della liberalizzazione dei settori dell’energia elettrica e del gas naturale condotta nel 2005 dall’Autorità Garante della Concorrenza e del Mercato (AGCM) e dall’Autorità per l’Energia Elettrica e il Gas (AEEG). La ricerca ha interessato l’intero data set dei prezzi zonali di mercato registrati nel Mercato del Giorno Prima (MGP) del Gestore del Mercato Elettrico S.p.A. (GME) dal 2004 al 2008 sui diversi mercati geografici rilevanti italiani (26.280 osservazioni di prezzi che hanno costituito una base empirica integrale per il test del modello di regressione lineare multipla che via via è stato sviluppato). In primo luogo si è proceduto all’aggiornamento dell’Indagine conoscitiva dell’AEEG e AGCM al 2008 degli indici di concentrazione (grado di concentrazione, HHI) e di pivotalità (Domanda Residuale RSI – Residual Supply Index, IOR Indice Operatore Residuale) sulle macro-aree definite dall’AEEG per delimitare i mercati geografici rilevanti, in modo da costruire una serie storica su cui procedere ad un’analisi longitudinale dei indici strutturali di mercato. Il primo contributo originale ha riguardato, la proposizione di un modello in forma ridotta che mettesse in relazione gli indicatori strutturali (variabili indipendenti) e i prezzi dell’energia elettrica registrati sul mercato (variabile dipendente). Attraverso una prima fase di test con modelli esplorativi semplificati, si è giunti a costruire un modello in grado di spiegare da un punto di vista statistico l’85% del prezzo. Tale risultato pone le basi per lo sviluppo di modelli di interazione strategica in forma ridotta applicati al mercato dell’energia elettrica Emerge in maniera inequivocabile l’esistenza di un consistente impatto della pivotalità sul prezzo dell’energia elettrica nell’IPEX (Italian Power Exchange), e al contempo si palesa come gli indici tradizionali di concentrazione – CR5 e HHI in primis – non siano idonei a spiegare il potere di mercato nel settore elettrico, soprattutto per effetti di sottostima. Questo approccio ancora seppur di rilevante interesse scientifico, evidenzia limiti di diversa natura: da un lato imputabili allo strumento della regressione lineare multivariata che non riesce a tenere in debita considerazione la multiperiodalità che caratterizza il mercato elettrico (giornaliera, settimanale, annuale), dall’altro rispetto alla capacità esplicativa del modello per effetto di alcune variabili omesse. Infine vanno discussi e affrontati alcuni effetti di autocorrelazione tra i regressori che risultano comunque difficilmente indagabili se non con forti assunzioni semplificatrici. Le direzioni di ricerca vanno quindi rintracciate da un lato nel perfezionamento di un modello più evoluto rispetto a quello formulato attraverso l'"esplosione" delle variabili dummy in forma embrionale e di quelle omesse, e dall’altro nel test comparato del modello in altri mercati europei per validarne l’estendibilità delle assunzioni teoriche.
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Niva, Mikael. "Life History Strategies in Linnaea borealis." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : University Library : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-3604.
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Oberhauser, Dan. "The Impact of Teacher Perceptions on the Acculturation Strategies of Refugee-Immigrant Students." Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1559036247619507.
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Smit-Marais, Susanna Johanna. "Castaways and colonists from Crusoe to Coetzee / Susanna Johanna Smit-Marais." Thesis, North-West University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/8724.
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Generic transformation of the castaway novel is made evident by the various ways in
which the narrative boundaries that separate fiction from reality and history, the past
from the present, and the rational from the irrational, are reconfigured in Umberto
Eco’s The Island of the Day Before (1994), J.M. Coetzee’s Foe (1986) and Yann
Martel’s Life of Pi (2002). The dissolution of boundaries reflects the dominant shift
that has occurred in the castaway novel from the 18th century literary context to the
present postmodern, postcolonial context. In this regard, the narrative utilizes various
narratological strategies, the most significant being intertextuality, metafiction,
historiographical metafiction, allegory, irony, and the carnivalesque. These
narratological strategies rewrite, revise, and recontextualize those generic conventions
that perpetuated the culture of masculinity and conquest that defines colonialism and
the traditional castaway novel epitomized by Daniel Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe (1719).
From a postcolonial perspective, the castaway’s state of being reflects on the
condition of the colonized as well as the colonizer: his/her experience of displacement
is similar to colonized peoples’ separation from their cultural, spiritual and personal
identities; simultaneously, processes of appropriation, adaptation and control of space
resemble colonization, thereby revealing the constructed nature of colonial space. As
such, space is fundamental to individual orientation and social adaptation and
consequently, metaphorically and metonymically linked to identity.
In the selected postmodernist and postcolonial texts, the movement from the position
of castaway to colonist as originally manifested in Robinson Crusoe is therefore
reinterpreted and recontextualized. The postmodernist and postcolonial contexts
resist fixed and one-dimensional representations of identity, as well as the
appropriation and domination of space, that characterize shipwreck literature from
pre-colonial and colonial periods. Rationalist notions of history, reality and truth as
empirically definable concepts are also contested. The castaway identity is often
characterized by feelings of physical and spiritual displacement and estrangement that
can be paralleled to postmodernist themes of existential confusion and anxiety.Thesis (PhD (English))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013
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Vaz, Marcel Carita. "Diversidade de estratégias ecológicas das espécies de árvore dominantes de uma floresta de terra firme da Amazônia Central." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41134/tde-19012012-161354/.
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As plantas têm diversos modos de resolver problemas como a escassez de recursos, o ataque de herbívoros ou a perda de água. O modo como uma planta resolve um desses problemas pode ser considerado uma tática e o conjunto dessas táticas constitui uma estratégia ecológica. As estratégias só são possíveis porque as plantas têm uma série de atributos que têm um efeito direto no desempenho ecológico dessas plantas. Esses atributos funcionais, portanto, refletem as estratégias ecológicas das espécies. Com base nessa lógica, descrevemos as 157 espécies de árvore dominantes de uma floresta de terra firme da Amazônia Central segundo treze atributos funcionais (foliares, vegetativos e regenerativos). Nosso objetivo era descomplicar a ecologia de florestas tropicais, até então muito focada na identidade das espécies. Como essas florestas têm muitas espécies e a densidade dessas espécies é muito baixa, os padrões de composição de espécies das comunidades são muito complexos e pouco claros. Com a mudança do foco para a diversidade de estratégias, conseguimos desvendar um padrão interessante de dominância de tipos de estratégia: apesar de haver onze tipos diferentes na floresta estudada, 61% das espécies são de um só tipo. Além de ter o maior número de espécies, o tipo 1 respondeu por 52% da biomassa vegetal da floresta, o que indica que essa é a estratégia ótima. No entanto, como a dominância relativa não varia muito entre as espécies, é possível que o benefício gerado pela adoção da estratégia ótima seja compensado pelo número de espécies que adotam essa estratégia. Concluímos que os padrões encontrados na distribuição das dominâncias entre as espécies e entre os tipos são resultado principalmente das peculiaridades do conjunto de espécies, em especial a grande quantidade de espécies dos tipos 1 e 2. Mas como tantas espécies parecidas podem ter se originado? Para responder essa pergunta, testamos três hipóteses: 1) a taxa de especiação foi maior do que a taxa de divergência ecológica; 2) as espécies convergiram recentemente ou evoluíram paralelamente; e 3) razões alométricas ou demandas conflitantes entre os atributos restringiram a diversidade de estratégias. Encontramos evidências parciais que corroboram essas três hipóteses. Como a diversidade filogenética foi menor do que a diversidade ecológica, as espécies estudadas podem ser fruto de especiação recente, o que é compatível com a teoria dos refúgios. Segundo essa teoria, as espécies teriam se formado em refúgios do Pleistoceno durante as glaciações, o que deve ter proporcionado altas taxas de especiação alopátrica, não necessariamente acompanhada por divergência ecológica. Por outro lado, o efeito positivo do sinal filogenético na diversidade de estratégias revela que os antepassados das espécies atuais eram mais diferentes entre si do que as espécies atuais. Isso indica que houve uma convergência recente de estratégias, o que está de acordo com a hipótese do Lago Amazonas, que cobriu a área estudada até o início do Pleistoceno. O solo rico em silte da área estudada reforça a suspeita de que o leito desse lago deve ter fornecido uma ótima oportunidade ecológica para as espécies de terra firme. Finalmente, encontramos evidência de que a diversidade das estratégias ligadas aos atributos foliares é severamente limitada por demandas conflitantes e razões alométricas.Plants have several ways to solve their problems such as resource limitation, herbivory damage or water loss. How a plant solves one of these problems can be considered a tactic and all the tactics together constitutes an ecological strategy. The strategies are possible only because plants have a series of traits that directly affect ecological performance of these plants. These functional traits, therefore, reflect the ecological strategies of species. Based on this rationale, we described the 157 dominant tree species in a terra firme forest of Central Amazon according to thirteen functional traits (among leaf, vegetative and regenerative traits). Our goal was to simplify the ecology of tropical forests, so far focused on species identity. Since these forests have a lot of species that are in general very rare, the patterns of species composition of these communities are very complex and unclear. By shifting focus to diversity of strategies, instead identities, we unveiled an interesting pattern of dominance among the strategy types: Although there are eleven different types of strategies in the forest studied, 61% of the species were of only one type. In addition to a greater number of species, only one type responded by 52% of the tree biomass of the forest sampled, which indicates that this is the optimal strategy. However, as the dominance does not vary considerably between species, it is possible that the benefit generated by the use of the optimal strategy is offset by the number of species who also use this strategy. We conclude that the neutral pattern found in the distribution of dominances among species and the dominance pattern found among the types are mainly the result of peculiarities of the species set, in particular the large number of the two most common strategies. But how so many similar species can have been originated? To answer to this question, we tested three hypotheses: 1) the rate of speciation was greater than the rate of ecological divergence; 2) species converged recently or evolved parallelly; and 3) allometric relations or tradeoffs between traits restricted the diversity of strategies. We found evidences that partially support these three hypotheses. As phylogenetic diversity was lower than ecological diversity, it is possible that the species studied resulted from recent speciation, which is compatible with the refuge theory. According to this theory, several species would have originated in Pleistocene refuges during the glaciations, which might have enhanced rates of allopatric speciation that was not necessarily followed by ecological divergence. On the other hand, the positive effect of phylogenetic signal in strategy diversity reveals that current species ancestors were ecologically more different from each other than current species are. This indicates that there was a recent convergence of strategies, which is consistent with the hypothesis of Lake Amazonas, which covered the area studied until the early Pleistocene. The large relative amount of silt in the soil of the studied area strengthens the suspect that the bed of this Lake should have provided a great ecological opportunity for species that were adapted to drier and poorer soils. Finally, we found evidence that only the diversity of strategies linked to leaf traits is severely limited by tradeoffs and allometric relations.
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Орлов, С. Л., and S. L. Orlov. "Мотивы профессиональной деятельности и стратегий поведения работников строительной отрасли при внедрениях BIM технологий : магистерская диссертация." Master's thesis, б. и, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10995/86599.
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In conclusion, the main conclusions are presented –in case of innovative changes, it is necessary to form a pilot team consisting of younger engineers and managers with expressed motives for achieving coping strategies for solving problems in stressful situations and a dominant strategy of behavior in conflict of interest, this will be the main factor influencing the success of implementation. Due to the fact that for managers and specialists of older age categories, the dominant motive will be the motive of avoidance and compromise and cooperation as behavioral strategies, which may negatively affect the implementation results due to the concealment of information about the implementation progress.В работе показано, что при инновационных изменениях необходимо формировать пилотажную команду состоящую из более молодых инженеров и руководителей с выраженными мотивами достижения придерживающихся копинг-стратегий разрешения проблем в стрессовой ситуаций и доминирующей стратегией поведения в конфликте сотрудничество, это и будет основной фактор влияния успешности внедрения. В связи с тем что у руководителей и специалистов более старшей возрастной категорий доминирующим мотивом будут выступать мотив избегания и в качестве стратегий поведения компромисс и сотрудничество, что может негативно повлиять на результаты внедрения в виду сокрытия информаций о ходе внедрения.
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Barattucci, Chiara. "Al di là della città densa : pluralità di interpretazioni e strategie di intervento sulle forme di diffusione e dispersione insediativa a dominante habitat individuale : Francia e Italia, 1960-2000." Paris 8, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA082074.
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Les formes des urbanisations diffuses ou dispersées sur les territoires extérieurs aux villes denses sont au centre de cette recherche comparative entre France et Italie. Dans l'hétérogénéité de ces formes, cette recherche traite d'un aspect dominant dans les deux pays : la diffusion et la dispersion de l'habitat individuel au cours des dernières décennies, liées à la mobilité croissante et aux changements socio-économiques importants. En analysant le rapport entre les pluralités d'interprétations sur le phénomène et les innovations des stratégies d'intervention, la recherche est structurée en trois parties. . .
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Souza, Roger Marchesini de Quadros. "Regime de ciclos com progressão continuada nas escolas públicas: um cenário para o estudo dos impactos das mudanças educacionais no capital cultural e habitus dos professores." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2005. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/10397.
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The aim of this study is to contribute to the comprehension of how the changes entailed in the educational reform work and are expressed. It was accomplished based on a research about the new set, relative to the scholar organization, created by the changes introduced with the implantation of Cycle Regime with Ongoing Progression at elementary education in public schools from São Paulo. The initial hypothesis was that the this implantation would modify, meaningfully, the school time organization, what would generate a direct impact with the cultural capital and habitus of the teachers. The research took place in 2003 in two public schools from São Paulo state net subordinated to the same Teaching Board. It was made through interviews to two teachers in each school who worked at the second cycle of elementary school, 5th to 8th grades, at a total of four, and to the pedagogic coordinators that were working at this duty since the implantation of the reform. It was also performed the collection and analysis of school documents which expressed the school time organization. This job used the Pierre Bourdieu theoretical corpus as reference, mainly the cultural capital, arbitrary cultural dominant, strategies and habitus, to verify the resulting impact of the reform quoted at the consolidated docent practices. It was testified that the initial hypothesis, concerning the school time, was not proved. Nevertheless, the direct impact on the teacher s cultural capital and habitus regarding to meritocracy, which prizes and settles an ideal student pattern, the pedagogic authority reduction on behalf of ongoing progression that makes impossible the power of the decision about the retention or approval of the pupils, and the valorization and defense of the transmission of scholar contents without which school becomes devoid of its leading duty, was evidenced. Finally the adoption of strategies such as the defense of the Grade Board strengthening and the reduction of the cycles duration from four two years aiming at overcoming these impacts and its effects that are considered damaging, by the docents, to public schools and the pupils future.
Este estudo tem a finalidade de contribuir para a compreensão de como operam e se expressam as mudanças envolvidas em reformas educacionais. Realizou-se a partir de uma pesquisa sobre o novo cenário, relativo à organização escolar, criado pelas alterações introduzidas com a implantação do Regime de Ciclos com Progressão Continuada no Ensino Fundamental das escolas públicas paulistas. Partiu-se da hipótese inicial de que a implantação da referida reforma alteraria significativamente a organização do tempo escolar o que geraria um impacto direto no capital cultural e habitus dos professores. A pesquisa foi realizada em 2003 em duas escolas públicas, da rede estadual paulista subordinadas à mesma Diretoria de Ensino, por meio de entrevistas com dois professores de cada escola, de segundo ciclo do Ensino Fundamental, 5ª à 8ª séries, num total de quatro, com os professores coordenadores pedagógicos de cada unidade escolar, que estivessem no exercício dessa função desde a implantação da referida reforma. Foi também, realizada a coleta e análise dos documentos escolares que expressam a organização do tempo escolar. Este trabalho tem como referência o corpo teórico de Pierre Bourdieu privilegiadamente os conceitos de capital cultural, arbitrário cultural dominante, estratégias e habitus para se verificar o impacto resultante da implantação da reforma em tela nas práticas docentes consolidadas. Constatou-se que a hipótese inicial, no que se refere à organização do tempo escolar, não se comprovou. No entanto, emergiu, ao longo da pesquisa, o impacto direto sobre o capital cultural e habitus dos professores referentes a meritocracia, que valoriza e estabelece um padrão de aluno ideal, a redução da autoridade pedagógica em função da progressão continuada que impossibilita o exercício do poder de decisão sobre a retenção ou aprovação do alunado e, a valorização e defesa da transmissão dos conteúdos escolares sem o que a escola fica esvaziada de sua função precípua. Finalmente a adoção de estratégias, como, por exemplo, a defesa do fortalecimento do Conselho de Série e da redução do período de duração dos ciclos de quatro para dois anos visando a superação desses impactos e seus efeitos que são considerados danosos, pelos docentes, à escola pública e ao futuro dos alunos.
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Dokou, Kokou. "Image, identité de la firme et influence stratégique. Contribution à l'analyse de l'interaction entre les facteurs d'identification de la firme et le développement de strategies." Lille 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LIL12003.
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La recherche menée a pour objet d'analyser l'interaction entre les facteurs d'identification de la firme (image, identité ou culture) et le développement de stratégies. Les orientations psychosociologique et gestionnaire et l'étude concrète de quatre entreprises et du système de représentations et de valeurs de leurs acteurs clés, permettent de proposer un schéma explicatif plus global. Ce schéma met en relief le fait que : - l'entreprise n'est plus seulement considérée comme un produit, une technologie et une structure. Elle est également définie en terme de représentations ou de valeurs conditionnant le consensus entre les acteurs, la gestion des adéquations entre les exigences de l'environnement et les impératifs internes et expliquant finalités, objectifs, activités, produits, technologie structure organisationnelle et style de direction. - le système de représentations et de valeurs prégnantes qu'incarnent les dirigeants renvoient aux facteurs d'identification de la firme. Ces facteurs font partie des variables de la formulation et du choix de la stratégie et fondent les conditions de sa réalisation effective autant que celle-ci les remodeléThe research we carried on aimed at analysing the interaction between the firm's identification factors (image, identity or culture) and strategy development. The psychological and managerial orientation, the concrete study of four entreprises and their key actors representations and values system make it possible to propose a global explanative pattern. This pattern emphasizes the fact that : - the venture is no longer considered as nothing else than a product a technological entity and a structure. It is also defined in terms of repre- sentations or values which condition the consensus between actors, the management of adequacy between the requirements of environment and internal requirements and which explain achievements, objectives, activities, products, technological realities, organizational structure and guidance style. - the representations and meaningful values system that the managers represent are related to the firm's identification factors. These factors are a part of the formulation variables and of the choise of a strategy, they are responsible for the conditions of its actual completion as the latter remodel them
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Basu, Anup K. "Essays on asset allocation strategies for defined contribution plans." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2008. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16992/1/Anup_Kumar_Basu_Thesis.pdf.
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Asset allocation is the most influential factor driving investment performance. While researchers have made substantial progress in the field of asset allocation since the introduction of mean-variance framework by Markowitz, there is little agreement about appropriate portfolio choice for multi-period long horizon investors. Nowhere this is more evident than trustees of retirement plans choosing different asset allocation strategies as default investment options for their members. This doctoral dissertation consists of four essays each of which explores either a novel or an unresolved issue in the area of asset allocation for individual retirement plan participants. The goal of the thesis is to provide greater insight into the subject of portfolio choice in retirement plans and advance scholarship in this field. The first study evaluates different constant mix or fixed weight asset allocation strategies and comments on their relative appeal as default investment options. In contrast to past research which deals mostly with theoretical or hypothetical models of asset allocation, we investigate asset allocation strategies that are actually used as default investment options by superannuation funds in Australia. We find that strategies with moderate allocation to stocks are consistently outperformed in terms of upside potential of exceeding the participant’s wealth accumulation target as well as downside risk of falling below that target by very aggressive strategies whose allocation to stocks approach 100%. The risk of extremely adverse wealth outcomes for plan participants does not appear to be very sensitive to asset allocation. Drawing on the evidence of the previous study, the second essay explores possible solutions to the well known problem of gender inequality in retirement investment outcomes. Using non-parametric stochastic simulation, we simulate iv and compare the retirement wealth outcomes for a hypothetical female and male worker under different assumptions about breaks in employment, superannuation contribution rates, and asset allocation strategies. We argue that modest changes in contribution and asset allocation strategy for the female plan participant are necessary to ensure an equitable wealth outcome in retirement. The findings provide strong evidence against gender-neutral default contribution and asset allocation policy currently institutionalized in Australia and other countries. In the third study we examine the efficacy of lifecycle asset allocation models which allocate aggressively to risky asset classes when the employee participants are young and gradually switch to more conservative asset classes as they approach retirement. We show that the conventional lifecycle strategies make a costly mistake by ignoring the change in portfolio size over time as a critical input in the asset allocation decision. Due to this portfolio size effect, which has hitherto remained unexplored in literature, the terminal value of accumulation in retirement account is critically dependent on the asset allocation strategy adopted by the participant in later years relative to early years. The final essay extends the findings of the previous chapter by proposing an alternative approach to lifecycle asset allocation which incorporates performance feedback. We demonstrate that strategies that dynamically alter allocation between growth and conservative asset classes at different points on the investment horizon based on cumulative portfolio performance relative to a set target generally result in superior wealth outcomes compared to those of conventional lifecycle strategies. The dynamic allocation strategy exhibits clear second-degree stochastic dominance over conventional strategies which switch assets in a deterministic manner as well as balanced diversified strategies.
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Basu, Anup K. "Essays on asset allocation strategies for defined contribution plans." Queensland University of Technology, 2008. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16992/.
Full textAbstract:
Asset allocation is the most influential factor driving investment performance. While researchers have made substantial progress in the field of asset allocation since the introduction of mean-variance framework by Markowitz, there is little agreement about appropriate portfolio choice for multi-period long horizon investors. Nowhere this is more evident than trustees of retirement plans choosing different asset allocation strategies as default investment options for their members. This doctoral dissertation consists of four essays each of which explores either a novel or an unresolved issue in the area of asset allocation for individual retirement plan participants. The goal of the thesis is to provide greater insight into the subject of portfolio choice in retirement plans and advance scholarship in this field. The first study evaluates different constant mix or fixed weight asset allocation strategies and comments on their relative appeal as default investment options. In contrast to past research which deals mostly with theoretical or hypothetical models of asset allocation, we investigate asset allocation strategies that are actually used as default investment options by superannuation funds in Australia. We find that strategies with moderate allocation to stocks are consistently outperformed in terms of upside potential of exceeding the participant’s wealth accumulation target as well as downside risk of falling below that target by very aggressive strategies whose allocation to stocks approach 100%. The risk of extremely adverse wealth outcomes for plan participants does not appear to be very sensitive to asset allocation. Drawing on the evidence of the previous study, the second essay explores possible solutions to the well known problem of gender inequality in retirement investment outcomes. Using non-parametric stochastic simulation, we simulate iv and compare the retirement wealth outcomes for a hypothetical female and male worker under different assumptions about breaks in employment, superannuation contribution rates, and asset allocation strategies. We argue that modest changes in contribution and asset allocation strategy for the female plan participant are necessary to ensure an equitable wealth outcome in retirement. The findings provide strong evidence against gender-neutral default contribution and asset allocation policy currently institutionalized in Australia and other countries. In the third study we examine the efficacy of lifecycle asset allocation models which allocate aggressively to risky asset classes when the employee participants are young and gradually switch to more conservative asset classes as they approach retirement. We show that the conventional lifecycle strategies make a costly mistake by ignoring the change in portfolio size over time as a critical input in the asset allocation decision. Due to this portfolio size effect, which has hitherto remained unexplored in literature, the terminal value of accumulation in retirement account is critically dependent on the asset allocation strategy adopted by the participant in later years relative to early years. The final essay extends the findings of the previous chapter by proposing an alternative approach to lifecycle asset allocation which incorporates performance feedback. We demonstrate that strategies that dynamically alter allocation between growth and conservative asset classes at different points on the investment horizon based on cumulative portfolio performance relative to a set target generally result in superior wealth outcomes compared to those of conventional lifecycle strategies. The dynamic allocation strategy exhibits clear second-degree stochastic dominance over conventional strategies which switch assets in a deterministic manner as well as balanced diversified strategies.
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Iličová, Ivana. "A Struggle to Change the World System: a realist and neorealist analysis of the Brazilian, Chinese and Russian strategies." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-204973.
Full textAbstract:
The system changed after the Cold War and the bipolar structure ended and left the USA as the only superpower. The question of the 21st century what is the current structure and how the emerging powers are becoming more important and how it can change the structure and rise their dominance in the multipolar world. The analyzed actors Brazil, China and Russia through their strategies are offering the possible system changes and configurations for the near future from the realist/neorealist perspective.