Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Domestic work'
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Antoniou, Loucas Andreas. "Negotiating domestic work : an anthropological exploration of children's domestic work in Nicosia." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.505477.
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This dissertation examines children's domestic work in Nicosia. The main argument is that children, through their participation in domestic work, actions, and re-actions, shape their household environments and structures, as their actions are shaped by household structures, thus contributing to the transformation and continuation of their respective domestic lives. Gender, sibling composition, generation, and birth rank of children are variables intersected throughout the chapters' to compare and contrast the periences of the participant children. A cluster stratified sampling was adopted to select the research participants. Qualitative and quantitative methods and techniques were combined for generating data: Interviews with children (10-12) and parents, participatory techniques with children, questionnaires, and diaries.
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Wooldridge, Kathryn. "Domestic work in Cape Town: an exploration into the growth of part-time domestic work." Master's thesis, Faculty of Humanities, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/33068.
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Statistical analysis of the labour market in South Africa shows that between 1994 and 2015, the growth rate of domestic worker employment was slow in comparison to the growth rate of high-income jobs. In Gauteng, the slow growth of domestic worker employment contributed to the overall slow growth of all unskilled jobs. This is because domestic workers consist of around half of all unskilled jobs. The growth of these elementary jobs was therefore much slower compared to high-income middle-class jobs (Crankshaw, forthcoming). Therefore, Gauteng experienced professionalisation rather than social polarisation. Like Gauteng, Cape Town has also experienced professionalisation, due in part to the slow growth of domestic worker employment. The slow growth of domestic worker employment can be partly attributed to the growth of part-time domestic worker employment. This is because households employing part-time domestic workers tend to share domestic workers, which leads to fewer domestic workers being employed per household (Crankshaw, forthcoming). This thesis explores some of the reasons behind the growth of part-time domestic work in Cape Town. Specifically, it uncovers and describes some of the reasons behind why middleclass households in Cape Town choose to employ part-time domestic workers. The thesis also explores how legislation has an impact on the wages, hours, and conditions of employment of domestic workers in middle-class households. The research conducted for this thesis uses both descriptive statistical methods and qualitative methods. The statistical research lays the foundation for the qualitative research by showing the slow growth rate of domestic employment in comparison to managerial, professional, and technical occupations. A critical realist approach is used to guide the qualitative research. A critical realist approach seeks to explain causality through understanding the qualitative properties which create, determine or generate relations and objects. Therefore, the qualitative research uncovers and describes some of the causal mechanisms behind the growth of part-time domestic work in Cape Town with a specific focus on middle-class households. Reasons behind why middleclass households employ full-time domestic workers or no domestic workers at all, is explored as counterfactual evidence. The thesis finds that many middle-class households which hire domestic workers do not base their wages only on the minimum wage. Rather the wages these households set are influenced more by their personal values and/or personal finances. The households in this study which employed domestic workers did not generally adhere to government regulations such as having written contracts with their domestic workers or registering them for UIF. The causal mechanisms behind the decision to hire part-time, full-time or no domestic work is summarised in the table below. Shared causal mechanisms are highlighted.
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Sibanda, Lawrence. "Social work interventions to address domestic violence." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/72461.
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There is a high rate of domestic violence worldwide and most of the victims of abuse are women. South Africa is no exception to this and it is estimated that one out of three women worldwide experiences domestic violence in her lifetime. Social work plays a role in addressing domestic violence. Therefore, the goal of the study was to explore and describe social work interventions to address domestic violence in Sedibeng District. The researcher conducted this study using a qualitative approach. The study was applied and explorative in nature and utilised an instrumental case study design. Ten social workers employed in different non-profit organisations in Sedibeng District were purposefully selected to participate in the study. Data were collected by means of semi-structured interviews guided by an interview schedule.
Findings indicated that some social workers lacked information about domestic violence and requisite interventions, which was a challenge to service rendering to women victims of domestic violence. As, findings indicated that the commonly used strategies among the social workers include counselling, awareness, support groups and referrals. Furthermore, few participants were very elaborate about their roles in helping women victims of domestic violence. These roles are limited to; educator, facilitator and advocacy. Also, findings showed that lack of resources was a major challenge in social work interventions in addressing domestic violence.
This study concludes that social workers do not have enough resources at their disposal and lack adequate information on domestic violence. As a result, they do not fully understand their roles and fail to assist women victims of domestic violence.
To overcome the challenges faced by social workers when rendering services to victims of domestic violence, it is recommended that the Department of Social Development and other role players should avail enough resources. These include vehicles, office equipment such as telephones and computers, and shelters for the victims. There is also a need for the social workers to be continuously trained on domestic violence and the best intervention strategies.Mini Dissertation (MSW)--University of Pretoria, 2019.
Social Work and Criminology
MSW (Social Development and Policy)
Unrestricted
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Klocker, Natascha Biological Earth & Environmental Sciences Faculty of Science UNSW. "A participatory, action-oriented and youth-led investigation into child domestic work in Iringa, Tanzania." Publisher:University of New South Wales. Biological, Earth & Environmental Sciences, 2008. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/40975.
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This thesis has two distinct yet interrelated parts. In the first instance, it investigates child domestic work in Iringa ? a small town in the Southern Highlands of Tanzania. Second, it examines the participatory action research methodology that was adopted as part of that investigation. Data were collected by a team of researchers that included children and young people who had themselves been domestic workers. A questionnaire, interviews and focus group discussions were conducted with local leaders, employers of child domestic workers and (both current and former) child domestic workers themselves. An agenda for change - that aimed towards the redistribution of power within domestic working arrangements - was developed on the basis of those data and presented to local government authorities in Iringa. This research makes a number of contributions to understandings of both child domestic work and participatory action research methodologies. First, the thesis contends that child domestic work is a complex activity which (despite its frequently exploitative and abusive character) should not be identified as a purely harmful force in the lives of young employees. The multiplicity of ways in which that occupation is experienced can only be uncovered through the incorporation of a range of stakeholders? perspectives. Second, this research found that notions of ?family? were discursively linked to child domestic working arrangements in Iringa. This has inhibited recognition of child domestic work as ?real work?, and contributed to the exploitation of these young employees. This thesis contends that increased formalisation and regulation of child domestic work would offer an opportunity to reconstruct child domestic workers as ?employees? and thereby improve their circumstances. This research has also challenged prevalent notions of children?s incompetence and shown that young people with minimal formal education can (and should) participate as co-researchers in academic endeavours investigating their lives. However, it has also found that young people?s competencies and interests vary, and that notions of appropriate participatory processes have often failed to take such diversity into account. This thesis contends that more participatory forms of evaluation may allow greater flexibility (and relevance) to be fostered when assessing the ?success? of participatory processes. Academics need to be alert to the alienating effects that (unwittingly) ?judgemental? and (unrealistically) ?perfect? accounts of participatory and action-oriented research processes can have on young scholars.
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Huzyak, Teresa M. "Work and Domestic Violence: Examining Spillover Among Women." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1217266823.
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Chester, Stephanie E. "Domestic Minor Sex Trafficking and Social Work Practice." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3597.
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Domestic minor sex trafficking (DMST) is a social problem affecting children between the ages of 12 and 17 years old. The issues related to DMST present challenges for social work practitioners because they often lack knowledge regarding how to identify and provide specialized services to this population. The purpose of the qualitative study was to collect and analyze data to develop an understanding of how social workers in the northeastern region of the United States identified challenges and thereby improved their practice skills when intervening with this vulnerable population. An epistemological paradigm, with a constructivist perspective employing Nguyen's systems theory, was used to understand the phenomena. The practice-focused research question posed to 5 clinically licensed social workers (LCSW) asked about the perceived barriers hindering social work practice when identifying victims of DMST. In addition, upon recognition of DMST victims, participants described existing community services that addressed their social work practice needs. The LCSWs attended 3 hour-long audio-recorded focus groups, offering their knowledge and experiences related to DMST in the designated region. Constant comparison was used to analyze the data provided by the participants during the focus groups. The key findings indicated a lack of proper identification tools and specialized services for this community. Findings can be used to recommend social change efforts, which included increasing communication about the victims between jurisdictions and communications with policy makers and service providers regarding the need to develop and implement training on various related topics.
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Humbane, Jossias. "Empregados do Quintal (male domestic workers) in Nampula City: domestic work, masculinities and matrilinearity." University of the Western Cape, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7239.
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Magister Artium - MAThis study questions why domestic work that is generally considered a feminine job is yet a field dominated by men in the city of Nampula, Mozambique. In the attempt to explain this phenomenon, the research explores economic, social and cultural aspects. Due to the fact that Nampula is a province with a strong Islamic presence and the majority of the population identify themselves as belonging to the Makhuwa ethnic group—which is traditionally defined by a matrilinear kinship system—I argue that the domestic sector remaines masculinised because of the influence of the matrilinear values and gendered practices. I also argue that the Islamic patriarchal values play a decisive role as men see themselves as the exclusive family providers and for that reason forbid their wives to develop and to get engaged in economic activities outside the household. This study also explores notions of masculinity in connection with domestic work and examines how male domestic workers, coming from rural areas and employed in the city, perceive and perform their masculine identities. How does the job of the domestic worker shape particular understandings of masculinity? Given the fact that many domestic workers in Nampula are immigrant people from the rural areas of the Zambézia province, I argue that migrating and working in the city is considered as a way to achieve a manhood as immigrants have access to goods that can only be purchased in urban contexts and are scarce in the villages. The access to all these “modern” commodities and the experience of the city make the immigrant young boys to gain respect in their original communities.
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Humbane, Jossias Helder Jamisse. "Empregados do Quintal (male domestic workers) in Nampula city: Domestic work, masculinities and matrilinearity." University of the Western Cape, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6655.
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Magister Artium - MAThis study questions why domestic work that is generally considered a feminine job is yet a field dominated by men in the city of Nampula, Mozambique. In the attempt to explain this phenomenon, the research explores economic, social and cultural aspects. Due to the fact that Nampula is a province with a strong Islamic presence and the majority of the population identify themselves as belonging to the Makhuwa ethnic group—which is traditionally defined by a matrilinear kinship system—I argue that the domestic sector remaines masculinised because of the influence of the matrilinear values and gendered practices. I also argue that the Islamic patriarchal values play a decisive role as men see themselves as the exclusive family providers and for that reason forbid their wives to develop and to get engaged in economic activities outside the household. This study also explores notions of masculinity in connection with domestic work and examines how male domestic workers, coming from rural areas and employed in the city, perceive and perform their masculine identities. How does the job of the domestic worker shape particular understandings of masculinity? Given the fact that many domestic workers in Nampula are immigrant people from the rural areas of the Zambézia province, I argue that migrating and working in the city is considered as a way to achieve a manhood as immigrants have access to goods that can only be purchased in urban contexts and are scarce in the villages. The access to all these “modern” commodities and the experience of the city make the immigrant young boys to gain respect in their original communities.
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Seddon, Victoria. "Fathers' experiences of paid work, care, and domestic labour." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2010. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/54130/.
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This thesis is theoretically guided by the ethics of care and sociological debates over structure and agency. The key areas explored are: the types of employment practices that men adopt which take account of fathering and how fathers negotiate domestic labour and childcare. Semi-structured interviews with twenty-four fathers from two public and private sector employers, explored these issues. These gathered men's accounts of their fathering practices. In addition, five key actor interviews were conducted with representatives from organisations with policy interests in this area. It was found that fathers' employment practices were organisationally patterned. For instance, managerial fathers internalised employers' demands. Fathers in public sector roles accessed flexitime, but its use was restricted by continuous service provision. Fathers without access to formal flexible working policies made informal and occasional arrangements. It emerged that fathers' involvement in care changed in response to children's development. Playing and routine caregiving were important forms of engagement for fathers of younger children. In contrast, fathers of adolescents facilitated their independence whilst providing guidance and helping with homework. In relation to fathers' involvement in domestic labour a diverse typology was presented. This ranged from fathers who left routine tasks to partners, to “sharers” and lone fathers with responsibility for domestic routines. Fathers' felt that partners' standards could obstruct their participation, but this was related to the ownership of tasks. Fathers' care could be fostered through a gendered policy awareness, with arrangements moving beyond children's early years. Domestic labour could be given weight as an area of policy intervention.
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Andall, Jaqueline Maria. "Libere insieme? : gender, migration and domestic work in Italy." Thesis, Cardiff University, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.502062.
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Cox, Rosie. "Race, class, gender and paid domestic work in London." Thesis, Coventry University, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.342155.
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Prattes, Ulrike. "Outsourcing responsibility - Towards a transformative politics of domestic work." Thesis, Australian Catholic University, 2017. https://acuresearchbank.acu.edu.au/download/0b5cc81034ef3cff46bf70a68ea3786ca9638639276c12718eda82464c479376/3401459/EMBARGO_FOR_EVER_Prattes_2017_Outsourcing_responsibility_towards_a_transformative_politics.pdf.
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In this doctoral thesis, I start from the body of feminist scholarship on “outsourcing” domestic and care work in the global North. I maintain that this debate has importantly highlighted the interactions of gender with class, race, and ethnicity. In its almost exclusive focus on differently situated women, however, the debate tends to reproduce the organization and performance of reproductive work as a “women’s issue,” simultaneously shrouding men’s positions therein. Via a small-scale empirical study I conducted with five domestic work outsourcing, opposite-sex couples in Vienna, Austria, I seek to bring to the fore the affective relations and corporeal practices of responsiveness and nonresponsiveness between the outsourcing partners, and their positioning vis-à-vis migrant domestic workers. Using a relational concept of responsibility, I argue that responsiveness to human interconnectedness is required for responsible practices to emerge. I critique the notion of the supposedly “self-sufficient” autonomous individual, and draw on feminist care ethics, to highlight the existing relationality and interdependence among the various actors. I position my project against the positivist paradigm and bring empirical and theoretical material into a conversation at eye level. First, I trace the reproduction and maintenance of unjust structures within the field of outsourcing in concrete, everyday, social interaction in order to emphasize their social nature and changeability. I strive for a systemic portrayal of non-responsive practices as shaped by an epistemology of ignorance, rather than accidental “failures,” and thus critique asymmetrical structures, not individual “character flaws.” Second, I want to identify existing potentials for transformation in regards to the structurally vulnerable position of migrant domestic workers. I highlight potentials for transformation towards social justice that are there and should be amplified. These consist of feelings of guilt, which I here read as affective “spill-over” that cannot be contained within the narrative of autonomous, independent individuals on the one hand; and on the other hand, practices of responsiveness, and the potential for creative embodied, (affective and relational) performances.
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Toone, Victoria. "Domestic violence: social behavioral and psychological coping strategies." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 1999. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/1673.
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This study investigated the emotional adjustment of battered women utilizing the theoretical frameworks of the hopelessness theory and the transactional stress-coping paradigm. This investigation should assist social workers to work with women who have experienced abuse. This study supports the fact that social workers must listen to what the women say and pay heed to their voices. Possibly, this work can help to redefine and revitalize the role of social workers as change agents, advocates, case managers, and program developers in the field of domestic violence. Battered women were asked to participate in the study and fifty women volunteered. The women were all involved in shelter programs, private counseling, or support groups in and around Metro-Atlanta.
This descriptive study explored the relationship between the social, behavioral, and psychological strategies used by battered women to cope with depression because of domestic violence. The data analysis used was descriptive and inferential statistics. Most of the women in the study reported levels of depression, but did not report feeling hopeless. Participants who used problem-focused coping skills felt less despondent. The findings in this study were significant and supported previous research in this area. Most of the battered women in this study did not blame themselves for the abuse and interestingly enough, the more severe the first assault the more the women realized they were not the cause of the abuse.
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Neill, Margaret. "Women at work in Ulster 1845-1911." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.337025.
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Allan, Ian B. "The life and work of Herbert Luck North 1871-1941." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.250293.
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H.L. North was an architect so little known in 1980 that the research aimed at first to establish the nature and quality of his work before proceeding to locate him historically. The historical picture which was constructed, and which is described here, was the main achievement of the work undertaken. North was thirty in 1901. His spheres of architectural achievement are in the movements of that time: the arts and crafts cottage house, the arts and crafts church, and the school of Anglo-Catholic church furnishing founded by Ninian Comper. As part of his personal idiom for the cottage house, Gothic tone and character set him apart. His churches (and private chapels) were built late, and renounce his early designs of a more detailed and familiar Gothic type for a forceful structural simplicity which aligns him with \aI.R. Lethaby and E.S. Prior. In church furnishing he made original use of the example of Comper throughout his life, and installed what was probably the first 3nglish altar in \-lalesas early as 1903. The output of North's country practice was modest, and almost all of it was imbued in some way with Gothic character. He was not a church architect who also built houses. He was a Gothic architect both in his own estimation and in almost all aspects of his work. This gives him a special position in the history of architecture in Britain in the early t\ofentieth century. In Wales, North was the leading figure in his day in the development of the taste for old Welsh building, as described in chapters twelve and thirteen, which are located so that this aspect of his achievements can be met with subsequent to the account of his architectural career. There was no arts and crafts movement in ,.,Tales.North's role in his house work there was to assimilate continuing vernacular methods of construction to the advanced idiom he had started to learn with Lutyens. His success gave him the false reputation with posterity of actually being the leader of the arts and crafts movement in \o/ales. His real significance is better seen at a less provincial level. It shows him conspicuous as a Goth with a particular feeling for what he called early Pointed, and with a corresponding economical style, at a time when the Gothic revival had been repudiated, and when classical and neo-Georgian were becoming increasingly the idioms of the day.
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Bracewell, Kelly Anne. "Teenagers' experiences of domestic violence refuges." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2017. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/20513/.
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Refuges have been central to UK domestic violence service provision since the 1970s. Early studies focused on the needs of adult women but increasingly, children and teenagers have also become the business of refuges. Much of the existing research regarding users’ experiences of refuges has, however, failed to distinguish the needs of teenagers (aged 13 to 18 years) from those of adult women and younger children. This study aims to redress this balance by examining the current service response provided by refuges for teenagers. Teenagers aged 16 and 17 are now incorporated within the Government definition of domestic violence and abuse in England and Wales (Home Office, 2013). This policy shift requires refuges to ensure appropriate provision for under-18s. The research investigates how teenagers experience refuges and whether refuge provision responds effectively to the needs and rights of teenagers. The findings can be used to inform policy and service development. This study is influenced by elements of feminist theory and the sociology of childhood which prioritise subjective understandings of experience and children’s agency. Data collection took place in refuges across the North West, East and West Midlands of England. It involved telephone interviews with 25 members of staff and face to face repeat interviews using participatory methods with 20 teenagers, resulting in 89 interviews. Originality resides in the detailed exploration of teenagers’ experiences across the length of their refuge stay and, in some cases, into their new homes. Interviews revealed an absence of educational, emotional and social support throughout the period of a teenager’s stay, and the picture was similar upon resettlement from the refuge. Difficulties experienced by teenagers during their refuge residence related to specific features of adolescence; refuges’ focus on safety and protectionism was particularly problematic for adolescent development. Refuge life was found to have severe negative effects on teenagers’ education. This study found that refuges are currently missing opportunities to reduce harm and promote prevention of future domestic violence and abuse by building teenagers’ resilience. This thesis argues for attitudinal change as well as relevant resources. The research highlights the shortcomings of refuges and links them to conceptions of victimhood in refuge policy and the changing nature and reduction of services. These conditions are restricting refuges’ ability to respect, protect and meet the rights of teenagers. This thesis advocates for teenagers to have greater visibility and recognition as service users in their own right.
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McFarlane, Seth. "Work-family conflict, determinants of the domestic division of labour." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ28617.pdf.
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Hopwood-Wallace, Shirley E. "Documented symptoms in children exposed to domestic violence." Thesis, McGill University, 2010. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=86614.
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Children who experience trauma due to exposure to domestic violence are at risk of both physical and emotional harm and may exhibit symptoms of trauma that impact their functioning. This raises questions regarding the number of children who do exhibit symptoms and whether child protection workers document these symptoms during the post-investigative stage of service delivery. The present study examines the documentation of child symptoms in a review of 70 files in which children were receiving ongoing child welfare services due to exposure to domestic violence. The results of the file review indicate that children who have been exposed to domestic violence continue to exhibit symptoms during the post-investigative stage. However, there were very few cases in which the child protection worker attributed these symptoms to the trauma the child experienced. Practice implications, including the need for increased training for both trauma and assessment, are discussed.L'exposition des enfants à la violence conjugale constitue une forme de mauvais traitement psychologique, dont certaines manifestations sont reconnues dans les typologies de la maltraitance physique et émotionnel. De plus, ces mêmes enfants évoluent dans un climat violent qui leur occasionne des symptômes reliés au trauma ayant un impact sur leur fonctionnement. Nous nous sommes intéressés à savoir si l'intervenant qui mène une évaluation en protection de la jeunesse tient compte de ces symptômes à la conclusion de son enquête et fait le lien au trauma. Cette recherche dépouille au-delà de 70 dossiers d'enfants exposés à la violence conjugale et passe en revue la documentation des intervenants cherchant spécifiquement la notation des symptômes et le trauma. La recherche conclut en soulignant d'abord que le trauma persiste chez les enfants suivant une exposition à la violence conjugale et qu'il s'avère souvent difficile pour l'intervenant de reconnaître le lien entre les symptômes manifestés et le trauma. Des pistes d'intervention, incluant la nécessité d'une formation plus approfondie au niveau de l'impact du trauma et de l'évaluation sont également discutées.
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Finney, Clifford Lucas. "Reconnections home/work/environment /." This title; PDF viewer required. Home page for entire collection, 2006. http://archives.udmercy.edu:8080/dspace/handle/10429/9.
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Cho, Chansoo 1968. "Making embedded liberalism work : domestic sources of the postwar liberal subsystem." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=38472.
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Under what conditions did conservative governments of the major industrial countries commit themselves to building domestic institutional frameworks for embedded liberalism as an international economic subsystem? As a way of answering the question, this study looks into informal and formal institutional arrangements for domestic compromise among classes and sectors. During the 1950s, governments in the United States, Britain, France, and West Germany sought to accommodate working-class demands and achieve a stable domestic economy within the institutional limits set by the prior experiences dating back to the interwar years. At the informal level, organized labor and business community in each country interacted with each other to produce varying forms of labor-management conflict resolution mechanism. At the formal level, political parties became more centrist in the domestic economic policy areas in order to maximize votes in an era of catch-all party politics. National outcomes varied from the semi-privatized welfare state in the United States to the liberal Keynesian welfare state in Britain to the dirigiste interventionist state in France to the social market economy in West Germany. Although those nationally distinct institutional arrangements reduced international policy coordination, embedded liberalism could work as long as participating countries shared the social purpose that domestic stability and international liberalization should not be incompatible.
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Ellis, Jane. "Children and the prevention of domestic violence through school-based work." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.538105.
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Frantz, Elizabeth. "Exporting subservience : Sri Lankan women's migration for domestic work in Jordan." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.551335.
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This thesis is an anthropological study of Sri Lankan 'guest' workers in the Middle East, focusing on the experiences of women who migrate to Jordan for employment in domestic service. More than 1 00,000 women depart Sri Lanka for such work each year, giving Sri Lanka one of the highest rates of female migration in the world. A large body of literature exists concerning the growth of Asian migration to Arab countries, yet relatively little has been written about migrants' experiences in host countries. Based on dual-sited fieldwork conducted over the course of 24 months, the thesis provides an ethnographic contribution both at the point of origin and re-entry (i.e. Sri Lanka) and at the destination point (i.e. Jordan). It draws on research in a village in western Sri Lanka to examine the factors compelling women to migrate for these jobs and how they evaluate the consequences of doing so for themselves and their families. The second part of the thesis addresses migrants' experiences and working conditions during their sojourns. The analysis aims to move beyond typically one-sided accounts of domestic work by considering the perspectives of both workers and employers and probing the complex relations between them. In doing so, it considers the kafa/a (sponsorship) system by which guest workers are effectively bonded to their employers for the terms of their service. According to this system, migrants are dependent on local sponsors for entry visas and work permits, cannot change employers or quit without the sponsor's permission and can be sent back to their own countries at any time. The research focuses on the example of Sri Lankan migrants to illuminate workers' experiences of the kafa/a system and analyse the links between state policies, guest worker programmes and contemporary forms of unfree labour.
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Moeletsi, Kelebogile. "Mothering across borders : Basotho migrant women in domestic work in Pretoria." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/67810.
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Saldana-Tejeda, Abril. "Women and paid domestic work in Mexico : food, sexuality and motherhood." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2012. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/women-and-paid-domestic-work-in-mexico-food-sexuality-and-motherhood(6837b80f-d13f-429f-9276-9a92076d3f7e).html.
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This thesis explores women in paid domestic work in Mexico. The thesis draws on qualitative interviewing and observation involving the participation of women domestic workers and women who employ domestic workers. The thesis argues that racial difference in Mexico has been disguised for centuries by the myth of mestizaje (the notion of racial and cultural mixture) and racial homogenisation. The study of paid domestic work in Mexico makes visible the exclusionary discourses and practices that maintain the low status of this occupation by virtue of women's gender, class and race. The institutionalised discrimination of domestic workers in Mexico is explained by their proximity to the middle class and therefore the perceived threat of bodily transgressions. Through the study of food, sexuality and motherhood this thesis demonstrates that, in the context of mestizaje, women in paid domestic work are imagined as 'not so Other'. The thesis looks into the racial history of food in Mexico and the parallels between human and culinary mestizaje. It argues that food distinctions in Mexico are still a powerful mechanism to mark class, gender and racial difference. This work demonstrates that both human and culinary mestizaje have never been neutral constructions and involved a silent but powerful hierarchy of imagined racial origins. Food and sexuality are said to be deeply linked, as both experiences manifest bodily boundaries and are perceived as necessary for social reproduction. This thesis looks at the sexualisation of paid domestic work in Mexico. It argues that women in this occupation are sexualised since their proximity to the middle class informs concerns over workers' ambiguous place within an order of social classifications. The sexualisation of workers manifests not an individual fantasy but rather a collective one where female employers, the state, the media and education are also involved. The thesis looks at women's experiences around motherhood. It argues that paid domestic work constrains workers' right both to become and to be mothers and enables female employers to follow middle class notions of 'cool' mothering. It looks at the role of the state in reproducing discourses that define working class women as unfit for childrearing and argues that this idea works to maintain the low status of this occupation while disempowering women workers, their families and communities. The thesis concludes that paid domestic work in Mexico is a living manifestation of racial difference in Mexico and of colonial forms of social organisation. Discrimination against women workers is often perpetrated in virtue of an imagined racial difference constituted in and through gender and class hierarchies. The racialisation of paid domestic workers in Mexico has persisted through notions of mestizaje and 'true' Mexicanness that have for centuries conditioned a national sense of belonging through the denial of race and racism.
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Preciado, Romero Paula Virginia. "THE EFFECTIVENESS OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE TRAININGS ON HELPING PROFESSIONALS." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/629.
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This research project examined the effect of domestic violence trainings on helping professionals. This research project sought out to measure differences in pre-test and post-test scores from study participants to assess the participants’ beliefs and knowledge regarding the dynamics of domestic violence.
The research project gathered quantitative data from a convenience sample of 28 helping professionals who participated in a domestic violence training. A series of paired samples t-test were conducted to assess differences in the pre-test and post-test scores to determine if our hypothesis was confirmed. Key findings from this study revealed that the domestic violence training was quite effective overall. In particular, participants reported increased knowledge around types of abuse, the role of culture in an abusive relationship, and safety planning strategies. Practice recommendations include providing ongoing training for students in MSW programs, continuing education for social workers who work with domestic violence victims and continued federal funding for the Violence Against Women Act.
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Vollenhoven, Tarquin. "Domestic Work as Decent Work: An Empirical Test of the Predictors of Decent Work To Extend the Psychology of Working Theory." Master's thesis, Faculty of Commerce, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/33074.
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The Psychology of Working Theory (PWT) focuses specifically on the work-based experiences of low-income workers. It is thus a suitable theoretical framework to predict and explain the work experiences of individuals performing domestic work, one of the largest work sectors in South Africa. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the theoretically derived predictors of decent work, in the PWT, could be empirically supported. Domestic workers, in Cape Town and Johannesburg, participated in a self-report survey (N = 139), which consisted of several measures. These participants were accessed through a variety of convenience and snowball sampling techniques. As expected, exploratory factor analysis revealed that the scales used to measure marginalisation, economic constraints, work volition and proactive personality were one-dimensional, and the decent work scale was fivedimensional (complementary values, access to health care, adequate compensation, free time and rest, and safe work conditions). Unexpectedly, the social support scale showed two dimensions (i.e. support from the community or friends and support from a special person or family). The findings supported the proposition that greater economic constraints were related to less decent work experiences, but marginalisation experiences were not related to the degree to which work was seen as decent, nor to work volition (mediator variable). The non-significant relationship between marginalisation, work volition and decent work changed when considering proactiveness as a moderator, however, this was only at low levels of proactiveness. None of the dimensions of social support served as moderators, though social support from the community or friends predicted work volition, and social support from a special person or family predicted the degree to which domestic workers experienced their work as decent. While there were mixed results, the findings of this study suggest that the PWT's antecedents and moderators may work differently in the domestic work sector. Future research should investigate this in the domestic work sector and other low-income samples.
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Willis, Katie Diana. "Women's work and social network use in Oaxaca City, Mexico : an analysis of class differences." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.241313.
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Rosales, Noemi. "Support group program for male victims of domestic violence| A grant proposal." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1586516.
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The purpose of this study is to write a grant proposal for a psycho-educational support group program for male survivors of domestic violence (DV). Male victims exposed to DV experience many challenges including limited resources, disbelief from law enforcement and shame. An extensive literature review was conducted on the underserved population of male DV victims from both heterosexual and same-gender relationships. The lack of literature and available resources demonstrated that a societal shift is necessary to see DV as a problem not exclusive to any gender, race or sexual orientation. Anecdotally, support groups have assisted male victims in healing from their experience of DV and building social networks. A grant search identified possible funding sources for a support group for male DV victims. The actual submission and funding of this grant was not a requirement for the successful completion of this project.
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Triplett, Tarita. "African American females in the juvenile system and exposure to domestic violence." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 2001. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/1396.
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This study is an effort to show an association between African American females exposed to familial domestic violence and recidivism. The antisocial behaviors exhibited that lead to incarceration are running away, prostitution, and physical assault. The results of this study can help social workers implement and/or improve effective treatment programs and services for this particular population.
The study utilized a multi-group post test only design. The sample and setting consisted of 29 African American females at Father Flannagen's Boys Town of Georgia Community Based Program for Girls. Interval/ratio data were collected to measure the percentage of antisocial behaviors exhibited by this population. The results indicated that 96.6 percent of the participants were exposed to familial verbal abuse and 62.1 percent were exposed to familial physical assault. As a result of witnessing abuse 37.9 percent stated that it made them run away from home, 17.2 percent engaged in prostitution, 37.9 percent had physically assaulted someone, and 58.6 percent were repeat offenders. A Chi- Square Test of Association was employed to test the statistical significance of the hypothesis. The values .389 (exposure to familial physical assault cross tabulated with number of times incarcerated) and .174 (exposure to familial verbal abuse cross tabulated with number of times incarcerated) exceeded the p< .05 level of significance. Thus, concluding a statistically significant association between African American female's exposure to familial domestic violence and repeat offending.
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Tae, Jenny Sok. "Educational Support Group for Cambodian Women of Domestic Violence| A Grant Proposal." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10751670.
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The purpose of this project was to develop an educational support group, identify potential funding sources, and complete a grant application for funding to serve Cambodian women who experience domestic violence or intimate partner violence at the Cambodian Association of America (CAA). The Southeast Asian community including the Cambodian community has been underrepresented regarding research on the prevalence of domestic violence. Studies have found that cultural beliefs, values, gender roles, poverty, language barriers, education levels, and immigration status may keep this population from seeking services when domestic violence or intimate partner violence occurs. Also, studies have found that educational support groups and advocacy services that are culturally and linguistically responsive have shown to be successful programs for this population. Therefore, this proposed project is needed. Actual submission to obtain funding is not required for this proposed project.
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Du, Toit David. "“For better or worse” : domestic work and outsourced housecleaning services in Stellenbosch." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/7701.
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Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In the domestic work sector, the employment relationship between employer and domestic worker has undergone various transitions over the years. The first transition saw the transformation of a characteristically abusive master-servant employment relationship into a madam-maid employment relationship. During this transition, domestic servants moved out of masters’ houses and opt for live-out and part-time working arrangements. However, this transformation did not improve domestic work much, as the employment relationship was maternalistic in nature. Various authors documented how the personal maternalistic employment was not only emotionally draining to both maid and madam, but also that maids were still prone to exploitation by madams, as domestic work was not regulated by law. This resulted in a second transition, where outsourced housecleaning service companies transformed this personal maternalistic employment relationship into a triangular employment relationship between manager, domestic employee (former domestic servant/maid/domestic worker) and client (former master/madam/employer). The triangular employment relationship creates distance between clients and domestic employees as domestic employees are under the authority and supervision of a third person (the manager/owner of housecleaning service company). In this study, these general trends are analysed with reference to the evolution of domestic work in South Africa. While there have been many studies focusing on domestic work, few studies have documented whether this transition has transformed domestic work ‘for better or worse’ with reference to the growth in housecleaning service companies in South Africa. This study attempts to fill this void by analysing managers’, domestic employees’ and clients’ perspectives of two housecleaning service companies in the Stellenbosch area. Throughout this study, every transition is discussed in terms of nature of employment, employment relationship, working conditions and benefits for both client and domestic employee. The final chapter tries to answer the question whether housecleaning service companies are ‘for better or worse’ on both micro and macro level and the need for future research in this field of academic endeavour is spelt out.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die diensverhouding tussen werkgewer en huishulp het verskeie veranderinge oor die jare ondergaan. Die eerste oorgang sien die transformasie van 'n kenmerkende beledigende meester-dienaar in ʼn Mevrou-bediende diensverhouding. Gedurende hierdie oorgang, het bediendes uit die huise van die meesters beweeg na ʼn leef-uit en deeltydse werk reëling. Hierdie transformasie het egter nie huishoudelike werk verbeter nie, omdat die diensverhouding maternalisties in aard is. Verskeie outeurs dokumenteer hoe die persoonlike maternalistiese indiensneming nie slegs emosioneel dreineerend vir beide die Mevrou en bediende is nie, maar ook dat bediendes uitgebuit is deur hul werkgewers, omdat huishoudelike werk nie deur die wet gereguleer is nie. Dit het gelei tot 'n tweede oorgang, waar uitgekontrakteerde huisskoonmaakdienste die persoonlike maternalistiese diensverhouding in ʼn driehoekige diensverhouding tussen die bestuurder, werknemer (voormalige dienaar/bediende) en die kliënt (voormalige Meester/Mevrou/werkgewer) verander. Die driehoekige werksverhouding skep afstand tussen kliënte en werknemers, omdat werknemers onder die gesag en toesig van 'n derde persoon (die bestuurder) is. In hierdie studie, word hierdie algemene tendense met betrekking tot die evolusie van betaalde huiswerk in Suid-Afrika geanaliseer. Alhoewel daar ʼn aantal hoeveelheid studies oor betaalde huiswerk gedoen is, fokus min studies of hierdie oorgang, huishoudelike werk "vir beter of slegter" verander het in terme van die groei in huisskoonmaakdienste in Suid-Afrika. Hierdie studie poog om hierdie leemte te vul deur die ontleding van bestuurders, huishoudelike werknemers en kliënte se perspektiewe van twee huisskoonmaakdienste in die Stellenboschomgewing te analiseer. Deurgaans in hierdie studie, word elke oorgang bespreek in terme van die aard van indiensneming, die diensverhouding, die werksomstandighede en voordele vir beide die kliënt en die werknemer. Die finale hoofstuk probeer die vraag antwoord of huisskoonmaakdienste huishoudelike werk "vir beter of slegter” verander het op beide die mikro en makro-vlak en die noodsaaklikheid vir toekomstige navorsing in hierdie veld van akademiese strewe word uitgespel.
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Strazdins, Lyndall, and lyndall strazdins@anu edu au. "Emotional Work: A Psychological View." The Australian National University. Faculty of Science, 2000. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20010906.171501.
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At work and in the family, people do emotional work to meet other people's emotional needs, improve their wellbeing, and maintain social harmony. Emotional work is unique and skilled work - it involves handling emotions and social relationships and its product is the change of feeling in others. ¶
The thesis extends the work of Erickson and Wharton (1993, 1997) and England (1992, England & Farkas, 1986) by adding a psychological perspective. Emotional work is defined in terms of behaviours. Three dimensions, companionship, help and regulation, distinguish whether positive or negative emotions in other people are the target of emotional work. Companionship builds positive emotions, whereas help and regulation repairs and regulates negative emotions. ¶
Two studies, the Public Service Study (n=448) and the Health Care Study (n=261), sample different work and family role contexts (spouse, parent, kinkeeper and friendship, manager, workmate and service roles). The Integrative Emotional Work (IEW) Inventory was developed to assess emotional work in these roles. ¶
Emotional work is not just women's work. Younger people and those from ethnic minority backgrounds also do more emotional work. In contexts where it is not rewarded, emotional work is done by those with lower status. Emotional work is responsive and increases when other people are distressed. It is an aspect of the domestic division of labour, and influenced by workplace climate. Although personality is a factor, some determinants are modifiable. People do more emotional work when they have the skills, when it is saliently prescribed, and when it is rewarded and recognised. ¶
Emotional work is costly to those who do it and combines in its effects across work and family roles. When people do emotional work they 'catch' emotions from others (Hatfield, Cacioppo, & Rapson, 1994). Handling positive emotions in others improves wellbeing. However, handling negative emotions in others relates to a wide range of psychological health problems. These health costs are mitigated when emotional work is rewarded. Emotional work's devaluation sets in train social group differences in its performance, and confers both material (England & Folbre, 1999) and health disadvantages on those who do it.
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Navas, Lillian, and Lilia Santoyo. "Latinas' utilization of domestic violence resources." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2002. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2102.
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McVeigh, Willow. "Employed Mothers: Understanding Role Balance, Role Overload and Coping." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2006. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/McVeighW2006.pdf.
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Wang, Yuxin, and Mengbing Zhang. "Domstic Violence against Children : views from social work." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för socialt arbete och psykologi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-10718.
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Domestic violence against children is well known on the social problem aspect, and Sweden has become the first country clarifying its stance on physical punishment and child abuse since established “anti-spanking” law in 1979. The purpose of this research was to investigate how Swedish social workers deal with the issue about domestic violence against children. The research was developed with hermeneutics approach and ecological systems theory, and carried out by four respondents from Social Services Gävle. With the answers claimed by the respondents, constitute the results and conclusions, that is all kinds of tackling methods about child abuse should be regulated by laws, and cooperate with police or citizens comprehensively, especially in the period of investigation. This paper might be a general pattern, but we do hope it could make people rethinking about child abuse issues, that probably may reduce a little bit pressure to children in the future.
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Slabbert, Ilse. "The experiences of low-income female survivors of domestic violence." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/5233.
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Thesis (PhD (Social Work))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Domestic violence crosses all boundaries and is regarded as a universal challenge affecting women of all spheres of life. Domestic violence is seen as a serious social problem in South Africa. It is regarded by many researchers as a leading cause of female injury. Domestic violence can be described as an act by a member of a family against another member with intent to do physical injury, psychological or emotional harm, or an assault or a threat that reasonably places that member in fear of imminent physical injury or emotional harm. It has major consequences, not only for the abused woman, but also for her children and society at large. Many low-income women cannot escape their abusive circumstances due to a lack of resources. Despite the fact that they cannot leave their situation, many women display certain strengths, helping them to deal with their difficult situation. These women can be viewed as heroic, assertive and persistent. They are not victims, but active survivors. The social work profession could benefit from greater insight into the strengths and coping mechanisms of low-income female survivors of domestic violence. The goal of the study is to gain an understanding of low-income female survivors’ experience of domestic violence, focusing on their environmental resources (including family, friends and community) and on their coping mechanisms (inner resources/strengths). To achieve this goal, the objectives are: to present a theoretical overview of the nature and extent of domestic violence; to describe the environmental resources (such as family, friends and community) of low-income abused women from the ecological perspective; to explore the coping mechanisms (inner resources) of these women in terms of the principles of the strengths perspective; and to analyse and interpret the data obtained from the study. The research utilises an exploratory and descriptive design. The research question is, “What are the experience (environmental resources) and coping mechanisms (inner resources) of lowincome female survivors of domestic violence?” This question was addressed by means of qualitative research. Twenty participants took part in the study. Purposive and snowball sampling were used to select the participants. They were interviewed by the researcher, and the data obtained from the interviews were organised into themes. Five themes namely, the experience of domestic violence, low-income, resources, coping mechanisms and statutory intervention were identified. These themes were further divided into sub-themes and categories. Conclusions derived from the data included: domestic violence is a phenomenon that cuts across all racial, marital status or age boundaries; some low-income female survivors of domestic violence experience their situation as stressful; low-income is one of the determining factors preventing some abused women to leave their situation; resources play a significant part in the lives of some low-income abused women; certain strengths from some low-income battered women help them cope; and some abused low-income women do not find an Interim Protection Order (IPO) or the police to be helpful. The recommendations are that social workers should assess primary, secondary and tertiary intervention in dealing with domestic violence; the ecological and strengths perspectives combined would be helpful in assessing resources and coping mechanisms in low-income abused women and collaboration between social workers, the court and the police could help low-income abused women to use statutory services effectively.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Gesinsgeweld ken geen grense nie en word beskou as ’n universele bedreiging vir vroue uit alle sektore van die samelewing. Gesinsgeweld word beskou as ’n ernstige maatskaplike probleem in Suid-Afrika. Dit word deur baie navorsers beskou as ’n hoofoorsaak van vrouebeserings. Gesinsgeweld kan beskou word as ’n daad deur een lid van die gesin teen ’n ander wat gemik is op fisieke skade, sielkundige of emosionele teistering, of ’n aanval of ’n dreigement wat die lid van die gesin laat vrees vir fisieke beserings of emosionele skade. Dit het grootskaalse gevolge, nie net vir die mishandelde vrou nie, maar ook vir haar kinders en vir die breër gemeenskap. Baie lae-inkomste vroue kan nie uit hulle gewelddadige situasie ontsnap nie, vanweë beperkte bronne. Nieteenstaande die feit dat baie vroue nie hul huidige omstandighede kan ontkom nie, toon hulle sekere sterktes wat hulle help in hulle moeilike omstandighede. Hierdie vroue kan beskou word as heldinne wat nie tou opgooi nie. Hulle is nie slagoffers nie, maar oorleef aktief [Engels: “active survivors”]. Die maatskaplikewerkprofessie kan baat by groter insig in die sterktes en hanteringsvaardighede van lae-inkomste vroue wat gesinsgeweld oorleef. Die doel van die studie is om groter insig te verkry in lae-inkomste vroue se ervaring van gesinsgeweld, veral hulle omgewingsfaktore (insluitende familie, vriende en gemeenskap) en van hulle hanteringsmeganismes (innerlike bronne/sterktes). Om hierdie doel te bereik, is die doelwitte: om ’n teoretiese aanbieding van die aard en omvang van gesinsgeweld te gee; om die omgewingsbronne (soos familie, vriende en gemeenskap) van lae-inkomste mishandelde vroue te verduidelik; om die hanteringsmeganismes (innerlike bronne) van hierdie vroue te eksploreer in terme van die beginsels van die sterkte perspektief; en om die data van die studie te analiseer en te interpreteer. Die navorsingsontwerp is eksploratief-beskrywend van aard. Die navorsingsvraag lui soos volg: “Wat is die ervaring (omgewingsfaktore) en hanteringsmeganismes (innerlike bronne) van lae-inkomste vroue wat gesinsgeweld te bowe kom?” Die vraag is aangespreek deur middel van kwalitatiewe navorsing. Twintig deelnemers het deelgeneem aan die studie. Doelgerigte- en sneeubal steekproeftegnieke is gebruik om die deelnemers te verkry. Die navorser het met hulle onderhoude gevoer en die data wat verkry is, is georganiseer in temas. Vyf temas, naamlik die ervaring van gesinsgeweld; lae inkomste; bronne; hanteringsmeganismes; en statutêre intervensie is geïdentifiseer. Die temas is in subtemas en kategorieë onderverdeel. Gevolgtrekkings wat gemaak is uit die data is: gesinsgeweld is ’n verskynsel wat alle ras-, huwelikstatus- of ouderdomsgrense oorskry; sekere lae-inkomste vroulike oorwinnaars van gesinsgeweld ervaar hulle situasie as stresvol; hulpbronne speel ’n betekenisvolle rol in die lewens van sommige lae-inkomste mishandelde vroue; sekere sterktes van lae-inkomste mishandelde vroue help hulle om die situasie te hanteer; en sekere lae-inkomste, mishandelde vroue vind nie ’n Interim Beskermingsbevel (IB) of die polisie as hulpvaardig nie. Die aanbevelings is dat maatskaplike werkers primêre, sekondêre en tersiêre intervensie behoort te assesseer by gesinsgeweld; die ekologiese en sterktes perspektiewe behoort saam aangewend te word om die omgewingsbronne en hanteringsmeganismes van lae-inkomste mishandelde vroue te ondersoek; en samewerking tussen maatskaplike werkers, die hof en polisie kan lae-inkomste mishandelde vroue help om statutêre dienste beter te benut.
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Peterson, April L. "Picking up after the American family : domestic work in the world of television /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6182.
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Routledge, Edwin John. "Identification, quantification and assessment of oestrogenic chemicals in domestic sewage-treatment work effluents." Thesis, Brunel University, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.363200.
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Davis, Isabel Melanie. "Work, sexuality and urban domestic living : masculinity and literature, c.1360-c.1420." Thesis, University of York, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.270060.
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Meldrum, Timothy. "Domestic service in London, 1660-1750 : gender, life cycle, work and household relations." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.362798.
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Young people flooded into the capital in the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries, and for many their experiences were moulded by working and living in others' households. As metropolitan life-cycle service, the occupation of domestic service provided them with a means of maintaining themselves by providing access to remuneration amid the fluctuating metropolitan economy, but it also gave them shelter in a city most were experiencing as migrants. The historiography of this subject has been stymied by the concentration, often thanks to limited record availability, of an older generation of scholars on the writings and material evidence of elite employers. As a consequence, a picture has been painted of an occupation dominated by the male liveiy to the resident nobility and gentry, mirroring in miniature the polarised social relations allegedly found in London as a whole. This thesis has sought to revise the history of domestic service by exploring a wider range of sources, particularly the words of contemporary servants themselves found in the church court depositions, in order to examine the nature of the service experienced by most. Servants largely worked in the households of the middling sort, whose numbers were expanding in this period, and these households were overwhelmingly employers of female domestic servants. The gendered experience of service is one of the thesis's central themes: levels of remuneration, nature of work tasks, opportunities for a career in service, relationships with employers, all differed significantly between male and female servants. Examining the work servants did in London households, a pattern emerges of three categories of task - housewifery, luxurious consumption and 'production' - which demonstrated distinct differences according to household size and function, and in household relations, in which very real work generated social as well as economic value within a moral economy of service.
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Afadameh, Amanoshokunu. "Regulating domestic work : international and comparative perspectives in South Africa, Namibia and Indonesia." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/4501.
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Includes bibliographical references.This dissertation evaluates the regulation of domestic work. It approaches this topicfrom an international and national perspective. An international perspective in thiscontext means the regulation of domestic work as an international labour standard bythe International Labour Organization (ILO). Its national perspective entails the variousmodels of national regulation in three countries- South Africa Namibia and Indonesia.This dissertation also brings to the fore the nature of domestic work in its evaluation as a labour standard. It does this to give a general understanding of the subject. In recent years, regulating domestic work has been a popular topic within international labour law circles. However, the popularity of this discussion is not reflected in the working lives of a majority of domestic workers worldwide. Therefore, this dissertation reiterates specific issues that affect the lives of domestic workers in a bid to contribute to the body of knowledge on the subject; and the achievement of social justice and decent work in this “invisible' sector.This dissertation concludes that the proper regulation of the domestic work sector is the first step in the achievement of social justice for domestic workers. It also posits after a comparative analysis that the regulation of decent work requires a framework in which hard and soft law approaches are interwoven in the regulation of domestic work. This framework is important as the intertwining of hard and soft law regimes will enable the reaffirmation of and compliance with ILO standards for domestic work regulation. National legislation of ILO member states also have to be fine-tuned or amended to this dissertation reiterates specific issues that affect the lives of domestic workers in a bid to contribute to the body of knowledge on the subject; and the achievement of social justice and decent work in this 'invisible' sector. This dissertation concludes that the proper regulation of the domestic worksector is the first step in the achievement of social justice for domestic workers. It also posits after a comparative analysis that the regulation of decent work requires a framework in which hard and soft law approaches are interwoven in the regulation of domestic work. This framework is important as the intertwining of hard and soft law regimes will enable the reaffirmation of and compliance with ILO standards for domestic work regulation.
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Ellerman, Mei-Ling. "Subordination at work : Chinese female domestic workers' struggles between silence and critical consciousness." Phd thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/151290.
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Within China's migrant underclass, millions of rural women struggle to earn a living through low-status, feminized, domestic work. While caretaking, cleaning, and cooking in urban homes, female migrant domestic workers often experience subordination including discrimination, poor and unjust treatment, and exploitation. Most workers comply in the face of subordination rather than openly resisting or negotiating for change. Although many have expressed feelings of anger and dehumanization, they often feel powerless to improve their situations, and cannot expect effective legal or civil protection in the near future. I seek to support potential change at the grassroots through my study of the broad range of factors that influences domestic workers' responses to subordination. My analysis, which employs critical ethnography and feminist research approaches, draws upon my qualitative semi-structured interviews, focus and discussion groups, life-history interviews and participant observation in Beijing. A small number of my informants have consistently advocated for themselves, so I compare the cases of those who remain silent with those of workers who have attained "critical consciousness," that is, who act upon their growing socio-political consciousness about the oppressive structures and relations that bind people like them and that contribute to their subjugation. It is not sufficient to attribute domestic workers' silent compliance to their lack of social and economic power in the workplace. Instead, I have developed an interdisciplinary analytical approach that explores a wide range of socio-cultural, socio-political and psychological factors, which influence how domestic workers understand and address their subordination. These factors are integral to the formation and practice of domestic workers' identities, morality and values, and responsibilities and understandings about power. Collectively, these in turn tend to discourage workers from acting against the norm and advocating for themselves. I also draw from theoretical discussions of gender, the mechanisms of power, social cognition, critical consciousness, and the moral process. This dissertation has departed from the literature on Chinese migrant workers and domestics in its contribution toward bottom-up change, and its multi-level approach which examines social, cultural and political forces that define and limit how workers can act; the involvement of their gender, work and ethical identities; the psychological and cognitive impact of subordination; and the role of workers' individualized moralities, motives and consciousness. Through my interdisciplinary approach, I demonstrate the silencing influence of their gendered life-histories, socio-cultural pressures, Chinese ethical discourses, and non-transformative forms of identity. I show how subordinating power can silence workers and elicit compliance, and how its psychological toll perpetuates their lack of voice. I also illustrate how domestic workers with voice have reached the point of self-advocacy. Despite sharing a similar background and work with silenced workers, these women possess critical differences regarding their self-identities, perceived ability to effect change, moral priorities, perspectives on power relations and socio-political consciousness. The explanations of how and why people resist subordination and act to reclaim personal power and dignity offer hope that, even without intervention, many of those subjected to multiple forms of oppression will no longer remain silent.
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AMOROSI, LUCIA. "A PRIVATE BUSINESS.THE ROLE OF EMPLOYMENT AGENCIES IN THE ORGANIZATION OF DOMESTIC WORK." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/932990.
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in my PhD thesis I analyze the impact of both for-profit and non-for-profit labour intermediaries on the organization of domestic work in Italy. I focus on the impact these intermediaries may have on the high rate of labour informality defining domestic work, as well as on the condition of invisibility of migrant domestic workers, and on the racialized and gendered stereotypes defining this sector.
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Cheng, Ka-po Maria. "A proposal for the establishment of the family law court in Hong Kong and the possible contribution of the social work profession /." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1985. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B12322349.
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Fairbanks, Pamela. "The effects of substance abuse on domestic violence| A qualitative study of women's experiences." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1591628.
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The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of women of domestic violence with substance abusing partners. An author-developed interview guide was used to gather information from 52 women of domestic violence. The data were collected by conducting fifty two face-to-face interviews. This study found that a majority of women of domestic violence with substance abusing partners experienced abuse during substance use by their partners. Participants shared their experiences of fear, pain, anxiety, family trauma, and being violently abused by a substance-abusing partner. With the growing demand for social workers to be competent in the area of domestic violence, it is important to understand its effects and affects. Research limitations are identified and recommendations are made to improve further research. Implications and recommendations for social work practice are also discussed.
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Alvarado, Bedoya Claudia Patricia. "El trabajo doméstico y del cuidado: informalidad y fronteras de laboralidad." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/458125.
Full textAbstract:
Esta tesis doctoral afirma que el trabajo doméstico y del cuidado no remunerado
es un trabajo informal. En este sentido, es necesario buscar mecanismos jurídicos, sociales y
económicos para visibilizarlo. Visibilizar este trabajo es un asunto de derechos humanos, de
igualdad de género y de justicia social en el que el derecho del trabajo tiene un aporte esencial.
En este sentido, en esta investigación se sostiene que las fronteras de laboralidad son
fronteras móviles e ideológicas y que existen mecanismos jurídicos que permiten y facilitan
la visibilización de este trabajo.
Este proceso se puede hacer a través de instrumentos proferidos desde distintos niveles
institucionales de regulación y con distinto valor jurídico y exigibilidad. Por consiguiente, en
esta tesis doctoral se hace especial énfasis en reconocer las diferentes aristas y contenidos del
derecho universal al cuidado como un mecanismo esencial para la agencia y efectiva libertad
de las personas cuidadoras. Además, se resalta la importancia del nuevo marco regulatorio
de la OIT como un mínimo ético que debe incluir el trabajo doméstico y del cuidado no
remunerado e informal y tener en cuenta sus implicaciones.
Finalmente, esta investigación advierte sobre la importancia de la protección y exigibilidad
de los derechos humanos, laborales y sociales, como un mecanismo efectivo para avanzar
hacia la visibilización, reconocimiento y protección efectiva de los cuidadores de personas
en situación de dependencia. Especialmente, para los cuidadores informales de familiares,
vecinos y amigos que con su trabajo no buscan una retribución económica.This doctoral thesis points out that unpaid care and domestic work is informal work. Therefore, it is necessary to seek legal, social and economic mechanisms to make it visible. Making this type of work visible is a matter of human rights, gender equality and social justice, where labour law makes an essential contribution. In this sense, the argument of this research is that the boundaries of labour work are mobile and ideological boundaries and that there are legal mechanisms that allow and facilitate the visibility of this kind of work. This process can be done through instruments issued from different levels of institutional regulation and with different legal value and enforceability. Therefore, this doctoral thesis gives special emphasis to the recognition of the different aspects and content of the universal right to care as an essential mechanism for the agency and effective freedom of caregivers. In addition, it stresses the importance of the new ILO regulatory framework as an ethical minimum that should include informal and unpaid domestic and care work and take into account its implications. Finally, this research highlights the importance of the protection and enforceability of human rights, labour rights, and social rights, as an effective mechanism towards the visibility, recognition and effective protection of caregivers of persons in a condition of dependence. Particularly for informal caregivers of relatives, neighbors and friends, who with their work do not seek an economic retribution.
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Randall, Njoki M. "A program evaluation of the efficacy of legal advocacy of the Gwinnett County Domestic Violence Program." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 2003. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/2684.
Full textAbstract:
This study examines the effectiveness of a legal advocacy program of the Gwinnett County Domestic Violence program. The legal advocacy program assists the victims to resolve their legal issues. This evaluation focuses on Temporary Protective Orders in the form of Child Custody, Restraining Orders and Possession of Property. The program setting is Gwinnett County, a residential facility that houses 32 women and their children. The sample consists of women who entered the shelter between July 2000 and July 2001. A secondary data analysis was used to collect data, as well as interviews with the legal advocate and the shelter director. Data was collected in the winter and spring of 2002 at the agency where it is maintained manually in the form of written files and records. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data, along with graphs and a Program Logic Model for a fine interpretation of results. The findings of this study revealed that most cases were resolved eventually. However, some cases were not resolved indicating the existence of barriers between systems.
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Lipeleke, Freddy. "An exploratory study on the perceptions of Zimbabwean women activists regarding the Domestic Violence Act (2007)." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12851.
Full textAbstract:
Includes bibliographical references.The overall aim of the study was to explore the perceptions of Zimbabwe women activists regarding the Domestic Violence Act (2007) in that country. The study surveyed fourteen women activists in Zimbabwe to determine their perceptions on the strengths and weaknesses of the Act, the challenges of implementing the Act, and lastly, their recommendations with regard to the amendments, if any, that they would want to see made to the Act. The respondents comprised women who worked for organisations that advocated and lobbied for the rights of women in Zimbabwe. The research design was qualitative, and a purposive sampling technique was employed to recruit the respondents. In-depth face-to-face interviews were used to gather data for the study. Most of the respondents who were interviewed were lawyers, although there were also a significant number of social workers and a teacher. The study established that the Act had both strengths and weaknesses. The most significant strengths of the Act was the criminalisation of domestic violence in Zimbabwe. This therefore meant that the problem of domestic violence was now receiving much needed attention from the state and its law enforcement agents. Another strength of the Act was the fact that the definition of domestic violence was expanded to include other cultural practices that violate the rights of women. These included such practices as forced virginity tests and forced marriages, as well as the pledging of the girl child as a form of payment, practices which hitherto were not classified as criminal offences.
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Chien-Jen, Chiang. "The impact of pre-suppositional language on participants: solution-focused approach treatment of domestic violence offenders." The Ohio State University, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1399563863.
Full text
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Hlavnicka, Kara. "Domestic Minor Sex Trafficking Awareness Prevention Program for Middle and High School Students| A Grant Proposal." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10262641.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this project was to write a grant proposal to raise awareness for one of the most lucrative and fastest growing social problems in the United States, Domestic Minor Sex Trafficking (DMST). The goal of this grant proposal is to promote awareness of DMST through a school-based prevention program where junior and high school students can be informed about the signs and risks of trafficking and ways in which help can be provided. The host organization is Western Youth Services (WYS) in Orange County, CA which is committed to advancing awareness, cultivating success and strengthening communities through integrated mental health services for children, youth and families. A potential funding source is provided along with staffing, implementation guidelines, and a budget. Implications for policy, practice, and advocacy are offered. Actual submission and/or funding was not a requirement for the completion of this project.