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ARIF, Noureddine. "L’éducation aux valeurs dans le manuel algérien de français : une analyse d’un point de vue interculturel." ALTRALANG Journal 2, no. 02 (December 31, 2020): 12–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.52919/altralang.v2i02.73.
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ABSTRACT: In an increasingly diverse and multi-mediaized world, education in values is today an essential support for educating in "living together"; it is one of the major objectives of foreign language teaching. Indeed, our contribution relates to the analysis of the values transmitted by the French textbook in order to see if it contributes to an awareness of the values of oneself and an opening on the other. To do this, we carried out a content analysis of the text book for the fourth year on average. The results showed us the failure of this document in the teaching of values, from an intercultural perspective, it is therefore inadequate with the aims of the official speech
RÉSUMÉ : Dans un monde de plus en plus diversifié et multimédiatisé, l’éducation aux valeurs s’avère aujourd’hui un soutien incontournable pour éduquer au «vivre ensemble» ; elle constitue l’un des objectifs majeurs de l’enseignement des langues étrangères. En effet, notre contribution porte sur l’analyse des valeurs transmises par le manuel de français afin de voir s’il contribue à une prise de conscience des valeurs de soi et une ouverture à l’altérité. Pour ce faire, nous avons procédé à une analyse de contenu du manuel de la quatrième année moyenne. Les résultats nous ont montré la défaillance de ce document en matière de l’enseignement des valeurs dans une perspective interculturelle ; il est par conséquent, inadéquat avec les finalités du discours officiel.
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Bonhomme, Julien. "Dieu par décret: Les écritures d'un prophète africain." Annales. Histoire, Sciences Sociales 64, no. 4 (August 2009): 887–920. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0395264900022502.
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RésuméCet article s’intéresse à d’étranges graffitis qui couvrent les murs de Libreville (Gabon). Leur scripteur, André Ondo Mba, est un personnage excentrique, prophete autoproclamé qui prétend accomplir la création divine à travers ses écritures publiques. Ses graffitis manifestent, sous une forme excessive, une idéologie de l’écriture dont l’origine est à chercher dans la situation coloniale, notamment dans les deux pivots du pouvoir colonial que sont la mission et l’administration. Situés au croisement du document officiel et des Écritures saintes, les graffitis d’Ondo Mba possedent en outre une forte charge contestataire : ils défient les autorités en place. Toute la question est alors de savoir si Ondo Mba parvient à faire entendre son message. L’article s’intéresse ainsi à la réception des graffitis. Aussi extravagante soit-elle, la mythologie personnelle d’Ondo Mba fait appel a un imaginaire, notamment politico-religieux, qui trouve en réalité de nombreux échos dans la société gabonaise contemporaine.
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La Charité, Claude. "«Mourir à soy-mesme pour porter le diademe»: les leçons du mémoire autographe (BnF, ms. fr. 16512) de Henri III, préparatoire à la harangue des États Généraux de 1576." Rhetorica 33, no. 3 (2015): 245–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/rh.2015.33.3.245.
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Henri III s'acquit, de son vivant, une enviable réputation d'orateur, au point d’être considéré par Agrippa d'Aubigné comme un roi «bien disant». Comme tout roi, il s'en remettait bien sûr à ses officiers pour la rédaction de ses discours. Pourtant, grâce à Jacques Davy Du Perron, on sait qu'il ne se contentait pas de reprendre fidèlement les discours écrits à son usage, mais qu'il se faisait un point d'honneur de les approprier à «la trempe de son esprit». Or, la Bibliothèque nationale de France conserve un document d'un intérêt insoupçonné, qui illustre le rôle actif que chercha à jouer Henri III dans la mise en scène de la parole royale à la veille des États Généraux de 1576. Il s'agit du mémoire autographe d'un discours de cinq feuillets, qui contient les idées que le roi a consignées par écrit, sans doute en octobre ou novembre, en guise de canevas de la harangue des États Généraux de 1576, destiné à Jean de Morvillier, doyen du conseil d’État et rédacteur du discours officiel. Cette pièce d'archive unique permet de comprendre pourquoi, lors de la seconde harangue du roi aux États Généraux en 1588, Pierre de l'Estoile s’étonnera de la franchise un peu brutale avec laquelle Henri III mettra en garde la Ligue: c'est que jusqu'alors il avait été un prince «dissimulé», écartelé entre son devoir de représentant de l’État et la subjectivité de l'individu qui incarne cet État, hiatus dont le mémoire autographe témoigne éloquemment.
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Styazhkina, S. A. "ILLEGAL TURNOVER OF OFFICIAL DOCUMENTS: CRIMINAL LEGAL ASPECT." Bulletin of Udmurt University. Series Economics and Law 29, no. 6 (November 25, 2019): 892–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2412-9593-2019-29-6-892-898.
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The article discusses the issues of criminal liability for encroachments on the procedure of official document circulation. The concept and features of a document and an official document as subjects of criminal law protection are analyzed in detail. Criteria are proposed for distinguishing between a document and an official document, as well as the classification of documents. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of amendments to Article 327 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, made in the summer of 2019, which provide for responsibility for the falsification, production or circulation of fake documents, state awards, stamps, seals or letterheads. The article examines in detail the objective features of the elements of crimes encroaching on official documents, which include the acquisition, sale, stealing, destruction, damage, concealment, as well as forgery of official documents, the sale of fake official documents and their use. The issues of the subjective side of these crimes are considered. The article also focuses on the problems of delimiting the use of obviously fake official documents, the responsibility for which is provided for in paragraph 4 of Article 327 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation from crimes, where the use of fake documents acts as a means of committing a crime, such as fraud, illegal obtaining a loan, etc. Suggestions are made on the appropriateness amending a number of articles of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, providing for liability for encroachment on official documents.
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Ma, Xiao, Teng Yang, Feng Bai, and Yunmei Shi. "Sentence opinion mining model for fusing target entities in official government documents." Electronic Research Archive 31, no. 6 (2023): 3495–509. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/era.2023177.
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<abstract> <p>When drafting official government documents, it is necessary to firmly grasp the main idea and ensure that any positions stated within the text are consistent with those in previous documents. In combination with the field's demands, By taking advantage of suitable text-mining techniques to harvest opinions from sentences in official government documents, the efficiency of official government document writers can be significantly increased. Most existing opinion mining approaches employ text classification methods to directly mine the sentential text of official government documents while disregarding the influence of the objects described within the documents (i.e., the target entities) on the sentence opinion categories. To address these issues, this study proposes a sentence opinion mining model that fuses the target entities within documents. Based on the Bi-directional long short-term (BiLSTM) and attention mechanisms, the model fully considers the attention given by a official government document's target entity to different words within the corresponding sentence text, as well as the dependency between words of the sentence. The model subsequently fuses two by using feature vector fusion to obtain the final semantic representation of the text, which is then classified using a fully connected network and softmax function. Experimental results based on a dataset of official government documents show that the model significantly outperforms baseline models such as Text-convolutional neural network (TextCNN), recurrent neural network (RNN), and BiLSTM.</p> </abstract>
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Brilliantov, Aleksandr V. "About the Document in the Criminal Legislation." Rossijskoe pravosudie, no. 1 (December 23, 2021): 75–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.37399/issn2072-909x.2022.1.75-83.
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The article analyzes criminal legislation regulating the issues of responsibility for illegal actions with documents. The positions of forensic scientists on the concept of the document, the division of documents into such types as an important personal document and an official document are analyzed. There is a divergence of jurisprudence on these issues. There are author’s approaches to determining the content of an important personal and official document. The complexity of the problem and the feasibility of its further development are noted.
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Belous, Elena. "Interactive Documents: Language Features and Document Status." Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 2. Jazykoznanije, no. 1 (April 2021): 168–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu2.2021.1.14.
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The research is carried out in line with the current problems of modern document linguistics, related to the study of formation peculiarities, design and functioning of new types of documents. It is shown that currently there is a change in the structure of the document in two directions: the unification of the document form and the creation of documents without a clear structure. The concept of "interactive document" is introduced. It refers to a form of hypertext representation, a special material structure (code, program, existing in an electronic environment) created by a person to store and transmit information in space and time, adapted for reading the text (as a logical or associative sequence of speech or non-speech signs). The types of interactive documents (business portal, business website, paper work automation and electronic document management program) are identified. The specifics of the material carrier and the information component of the interactive document are characterized. It is shown that non-rigid structure is characteristic of interactive documents. It is established that information in interactive documents is transmitted through verbal and nonverbal components. The terminological richness of the verbal component of an interactive document and the tendency to move from official to less formal communication in an electronic environment, regardless of the business situation, are revealed. The classification of nonverbal features is developed. It is stated that they are more diverse in comparison with traditional hard copies.
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Kent, George. "Editing Diplomatic Documents: A Review of Official U. S. and German Document Series." American Archivist 57, no. 3 (July 1994): 462–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.17723/aarc.57.3.6n823xmm2pg07702.
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Smith, Eileen M. "Official document signing ceremony." Renewable Energy 9, no. 1-4 (September 1996): 1184–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0960-1481(96)88489-8.
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TAHA ALDABBAGH, Mohammad A. "DOCUMENTS ISSUANCE VALIDATION USING 2D BARCODE." MINAR International Journal of Applied Sciences and Technology 04, no. 03 (September 1, 2022): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/2717-8234.12.2.
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The daily procedures in both official and non-official organizations include the printing and archiving of thousands of paper-based documents, either as issued, incoming, or as attachment documents; as well as the verification of the authenticity of the issuance of such documents at the receiving party, this leads to the production of further papers that are referred to as "issuance validation", This procedure costs more time, effort, and money. Furthermore, the process of archiving and storing these documents electronically requires considerable effort and time in terms of manually entering the information or saving them as images, as well as the possibility of data entry mistakes. This paper proposes employing authenticated PDF417 barcodes in paper-based document publication procedures by adding an encrypted barcode (signature) to the issued document and making it simpler to authenticate the information. During the document verification process, neither internet access nor real-time interaction with the document issuer are required. Furthermore, the proposed system offers a way to digitally archive documents using a barcode scanner or smartphones, which enables accuracy and speed in entering the information of documents received or issued by the institution.
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Mayoral, Roberto. "(Official) Sworn Translation and Its Functions." Babel. Revue internationale de la traduction / International Journal of Translation 46, no. 4 (December 31, 2000): 300–331. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/babel.46.4.03may.
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In this study, we wish to examine official translation (termed sworn translation in Spain) from the point of view of the function and the communicative intent of documents which are the subject of this type of translation. The theoretical basis for an unusual approach to official translation is discussed;its aim is to render communication more effective. The theoretical foundations of this study lie in the functional theory of translation as formulated by Christiane Nord as well as a number of concepts from pragmatics deemed compatible with the above model. Judicial and administrative practices are also drawn upon in the discussion. Considering the process of official translation as a sequence of speech acts, as outlined by Alesandro Ferrara, this study describes the various functions within the sequence which are performed by the examples of documents examined (a British birth certificate, a U.S. birth certificate and an academic transcript from the U.S.). In applying the above approach the components of the document are analysed in relation to the addressee. Official translation fulfils a function and adapts itself to a number of conditions all different from those of the original text. The end result is that a considerable part of the information contained in the original document goes unnoticed in the translated document and even makes its understanding difficult, but the application of a strategy of omission of those elements runs counter to the perspective of the addressee (and quite often also that of the customer) and may affect its acceptability and validity.
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Library Association, American. "Official ACRL Documents." College & Research Libraries News 53, no. 2 (February 1, 1992): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/crln.53.2.107.
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Library Association, American. "Official ACRL Documents." College & Research Libraries News 54, no. 8 (September 1, 1993): 460. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/crln.54.8.460.
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Library Association, American. "Official ACRL Documents." College & Research Libraries News 55, no. 8 (September 1, 1994): 509. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/crln.55.8.509.
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Pirtac, Cristina. "Official document: material/immaterial object or product of offenses of forged public acts. PART I." Journal of the National Institute of Justice, no. 3(58) (October 2021): 41–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.52277/1857-2405.2021.3(58).07.
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In this scientific approaches is defined the “document”, in general, and the „official document”, in particular, as an entity that appears in the position of material/immaterial object or product of the offenses of forged public acts. It is shown that the notion „document” has the following features (characteristics and to official document): a) implies the presence of a support; b) consists of information; c) possesses attributes based on which it is identified. Correspondingly, the official document (species of the document) consists of: a) information (with the particularity that it is of an official nature) and b) informational support (materialized or electronic). The criminal law of the Republic of Moldova does not include a definition of the notion „official document”. Nor in other national normative acts the notion in question is not explained. The meaning of the notion „official document” transpire from the text of some legal provisions with a non-legal-criminal character. Also, the content of this term is reproduced in the text of some international legal instruments, among which: the Convention of the Council of Europe on access to official documents, signed in Tromsø on 18.06.2009, in force for the Republic of Moldova from December 2020.
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López Martínez, Javier. "Free software for digitalization and management of electronic documents at official entities." Sistemas y Telemática 15, no. 40 (April 5, 2017): 69–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.18046/syt.v15i40.2392.
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Taking into account the current regulations in Colombia about document management and best practices, a technological solution for digitization and document management in public sector entities was designed, following the Research Applied method. The solution includes the integration of two Web systems focused on free software. The first one, called FuidXel, is a development in PHP language, original of the present project, that includes a tool next to the client for digitization, and a Web application, next to the server, for the conformation of the document, that consists on libraries of tools for the treatment of images and PDF files. The second system is an enterprise content manager for managing electronic documents, called Alfresco. FuidXel integrates with Alfresco through CMIS protocol for the sending of PDF documents, made up of the product images of the digitization and management, information and traceability metadata.
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Verkholantseva, T. Yu, and N. V. Kosolapova. "View a Century Later (Review of the Exhibition at the Russian State Library, devoted to the 100th Anniversary of the Beginning of the World War I)." Bibliotekovedenie [Library and Information Science (Russia)], no. 5 (October 28, 2014): 126–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.25281/0869-608x-2014-0-5-126-129.
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In today's unstable world, not excluding the rise of global world wars, there retains actuality of the objective reconstruction of the events of those years on the basis of reliable sources, among which is an official normative legal document. This particular type of official document was presented at the Exhibition "The World War I in official documents and materials: from the collections of the Department of official and normative editions of the Russian State Library", held in July-August, 2014 at RSL.
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Addai, Hussein Samir, and Methaq M. Ismail. "Thematic characteristics of the modern vocabulary of state correspondence in the Russian language." Al-Adab Journal 2, no. 144 (March 15, 2023): 117–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.31973/aj.v2i144.4032.
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The official vocabulary of Russian state correspondence is characterized by a high level of saturation with diplomatic terminology and terminology of international law, as well as standardized speech turns.
Special vocabulary is the main core around which the whole document is built in lexical terms from the point of view of belonging to the style. It can include the names of diplomatic institutions, bodies, procedures, officials, diplomatic documents and their parts, etc. The proportion of each lexical layer is not the same. If the common vocabulary makes up the majority of the elements, then the special vocabulary is the "diplomatic background" of the document.
In order to investigate the composition of the official vocabulary of Russian state correspondence as a special fragment of diplomatic discourse, it is necessary to dwell in more detail on the question of the thematic groups that are part of it. The formation and development of each lexical macro group is determined by a number of factors, which include the state of language in society and the level of development of the corresponding functional styles.
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Mazein, Artem Vladimirovich, and Aleksandr Konstantinovich Kozhevnikov. "Grounds and Legal Mechanism of Digital Transformation of the Issuance of Official Documents Using NFT in Russia." NB: Административное право и практика администрирования, no. 1 (January 2023): 30–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2306-9945.2023.1.39720.
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The digital transformation of modern Russian society requires the introduction of new network interaction tools, the predominant among which are blockchain systems. Cryptographic transformation of information allows some blockchain systems to generate non-interchangeable tokens (NFT). Taking into account this possibility, cryptographically protected NFT tokens allows to create unique digital images of various objects that cannot be copied or shared. These technological grounds allow us to put forward the idea of translating the usual documents on physical media (paper passport, certificates) into the NFT form. Taking into account the goals of digital transformation, the principles of building blockchain systems, as well as the essential features of NFT, the authors put forward the idea that NFT can become a reliable way to store and protect official documents. At the same time, Russian law currently does not regulate the implementation of NFT documents. Therefore, the authors propose to consolidate the legal concept of an NFT document in the provisions defining the status of individual official documents and the procedure for their issuance. By an official NFT document certifying legally significant facts, the authors propose to understand such a document, which is created and issued by public authorities or authorized organizations, and represents a unique set of metadata transformed cryptographically. For the effective implementation of the mechanism for issuing NFT documents and its timely improvement, the authors propose to conduct a law-making experiment to introduce into circulation the procedure for issuing individual official documents in the form of NFT, and further scale the results of the experiment taking into account the analysis of its results.
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Rizqillah, Intan Novia Putri, Arief Suryono, and Anjar Sri Ciptorukmi N. "The Validity of the Power of Attorney Based on the Parties’ Forgive Documents." International Journal of Social Science And Human Research 05, no. 10 (October 18, 2022): 4577–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.47191/ijsshr/v5-i10-23.
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: Notaries as officials have the authority to make authentic deeds as well as other authorities as regulated in Law Number 2 of 2014 concerning Notary Position Regulations. Notaries are responsible for what is witnessed, seen, and also carried out by the notary himself as a public official who carries out his position. This research is a normative research with a descriptive analytical approach to legislation. The purpose of this research is to examine and further analyze the validity of the notarial deed made based on forged documents by the appearers. The results of the study indicate that the making of a Power of Attorney based on a forged document is null and void and the Notary is not responsible if the appearers provide false documents because the notary is not obliged to investigate materially about everything presented by the appearers.
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Styazhkina, S. A. "ELECTRONIC DOCUMENT AS A SUBJECT OF CRIMINAL LAW PROTECTION." Bulletin of Udmurt University. Series Economics and Law 32, no. 1 (January 25, 2022): 178–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2412-9593-2022-32-1-178-184.
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The article is devoted to the problem of criminal legal protection of electronic documents. The information environment provides ample space for documentation, but also creates risks of safe transfer, storage of documents, their protection from unlawful modification, special attention should be paid to the criminal legal protection of official electronic documents. It should be noted that the current criminal legislation regulating the issues of liability for illegal trafficking of official documents does not quite correspond to modern realities. The Criminal Code operates with concepts and terms that were focused on paper document flow. Firstly, it is necessary to revise the traditional approaches to establishing criminal liability for illegal trafficking in official documents, unifying the basic concepts and features for different documents. In addition, the acquisition, transportation and storage of counterfeit ofs should be decriminalized.
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Al-Ameri, Mohammed Abdulbasit Ali, Bunyamin Ciylan, and Basim Mahmood. "Spectral Data Analysis for Forgery Detection in Official Documents: A Network-Based Approach." Electronics 11, no. 23 (December 5, 2022): 4036. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11234036.
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Despite the huge advances in digital communications in the last decade, physical documents are still the most common media for information transfer, especially in the official context. However, the readily available document processing devices and techniques (printers, scanners, etc.) facilitate the illegal manipulation or imitation of original documents by forgers. Therefore, verification of the authenticity and detection of forgery is of paramount importance to all agencies receiving printed documents. We suggest an unsupervised forgery detection framework that can distinguish whether a document is forged based on the spectroscopy of the document’s ink. The spectra of the tested documents inks (original and questioned) were obtained using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) technology. Then, a correlation matrix of the spectra was calculated for both the original and questioned documents together, which were then transformed into an adjacency matrix aiming at converting it into a weighted network under the concept of graph theory. Clustering algorithms were then applied to the network to determine the number of clusters. The proposed approach was tested under a variety of scenarios and different types of printers (e.g., inkjet, laser, and photocopiers) as well as different kinds of papers. The findings show that the proposed approach provided a high rate of accuracy in identifying forged documents and a high detection speed. It also provides a visual output that is easily interpretable to the non-expert, which provides great flexibility for real-world application.
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EL GOUSAIRI, Anass. "LA CONSTRUCTION INSTITUTIONNELLE DE LA LITTÉRATURE EN CLASSE DE FRANÇAIS : QUELQUES PROLÉGOMÈNES À UNE ANALYSE DIDACTIQUE DE L’OBJET." FRANCISOLA 2, no. 1 (July 5, 2017): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/francisola.v2i1.7529.
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RÉSUMÉ. Suite à la Réforme générale du système d’éducation et de formation au Maroc, engagée depuis déjà deux décennies et relayée récemment par la Vision Stratégique 2015-2030, l’enseignement du français, en tant que « première langue étrangère » selon les discours officiels, a fait l’objet d’une reconfiguration didactique majeure, à savoir la réintroduction de la littérature dans les programmes du lycée dès l’an 2002, après une longue éclipse au profit des « Documents authentiques ». Or, malgré ce renouveau, la conception esthétisante et formelle de l’objet « littérature », qui a encore la vie dure en classe de français, ne permet pas de saisir le statut épistémologique et les enjeux réels de son usage didactique. Dans cet article, nous examinerons dans une démarche interprétative la littérature comme construit institutionnel par l’observation et l’analyse du texte officiel afférent à cette construction, et ce afin d’expliciter les effets et les dérives de la transposition didactique de l’objet en contexte scolaire. Mots-clés : didactique du français, interculturalité, langue-culture, littérature, texte officiel, transposition didactiqueABSTRACT. Further to the general Reform of Morocco’s education and training system, which has been engaged for already two decades and that was relayed recently by the Strategic Vision 2015-2030, teaching French, frequently referred to as the "first foreign language" according to official statements, has known an important didactic reconfiguration: literature was introduced in high school programs after being abandoned and replaced by “Authentic Documents” over the last few years. Nonetheless, the aesthetic and formal conception of literature doesn’t allow to understand the real stakes behind the use of literary texts in French class. In this article, we will examine particularly the institutional construction of literature by interpretating some data collected from the official text related to the teaching of/by literature. This study aims to explain the effects and the limits of the didactical transposition of literature as an object at school. Keywords: didactics of French, interculturality, language-culture, literature, official text, didactical transposition
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Kireeva, Elena. "Delivery of a directive by a collective author in an official document." Journal of Language and Literature 5, no. 3 (August 30, 2014): 234–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.7813/jll.2014/5-3/39.
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Teixeira, Paola Cristine, and Juliana Cordeiro Soares Branco. "BNCC: Convergências e Divergências." Revista de Ensino, Educação e Ciências Humanas 22, no. 5 (December 16, 2021): 693–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.17921/2447-8733.2021v22n5p693-701.
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ResumoO presente artigo problematiza as diversas posições em relação à Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC). Desse modo, tem o objetivo de dialogar acerca da construção da mesma, considerando as versões publicadas do documento e as divergências e convergências diante de sua homologação. A pesquisa foi bibliográfica e documental. Para tal foi realizado um estudo em diversos meios para entender os posicionamentos contraditórios em relação aos documentos estudados. Realizou-se estudo do documento oficial homologado sobre a Base e artigos da área em sites de revistas científicas, Scielo e Anped, além dos documentos disponíveis nos sites do Movimento pela Base (MPB) e Fundação Lemann, principais instituições apoiadoras da BNCC. Os estudos demonstraram correntes favoráveis e contrárias ao documento e esses argumentos são apresentados no texto. São várias as críticas que envolvem a implantação da BNCC. Ao mesmo tempo, há organizações em sua defesa. A síntese que se apresenta remete ao fato de que o documento foi previsto legalmente e é importante para a educação brasileira ter um norteador educacional, que abranja todo o território. O que não pode ser deixado de lado é a questão da diversidade que o país apresenta e, por isso, é preciso enfatizar a possibilidade de diversificar o currículo. Para isso, faltou discussão mais democrática antes da sua homologação. Palavras-chave: Currículos Escolares. Políticas públicas educacionais. Interesses privados AbstractThis paper presents a discussion of the Common National Curricular Basis (BNCC) construction, considering the document’s various published versions and the convergences and divergences regarding its establishment. Discussions are presented herein on the Common National Curricular Basis, especially the authors’ agreements and disagreements in the Education field. This was a bibliographical and documentary research. For that end, a study was carried out in different media to understand the contradictory positions in relation to the documents studied. Astudy was performed of the official enacted document on the Basis and scientific papers on this subject, as well as documents available in the Movement for the Basis (MPB) and the Lemann Foundation’s websites, the main institutions that support BNCC. The studies reveal sentiments favorable and contrary to the document, and these arguments are presented in this article. It is reiterated herein that actions towards reaching educational goals are of fundamental importance. There are several criticisms that involve the BNCC implementation. At the same time, there are organizations in their defense. The synthesis presented here refers to the fact that the document was legally provided for and it is important for Brazilian education to have an educational guide that covers the entire territory. What cannot be left out is the issue of diversity that the country presents and, therefore, it is necessary to emphasize the possibility of diversifying the curriculum. Therefore, there was a lack of more democratic discussion before its approval. Keywords: School Curricula. Educational public policies. Private interests
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Popova, Oleksandra. "ECONOMIC AND LEGAL DISCOURSE: PARADIGM OF CHANGES IN THE XXI CENTURY (ON THE MATERIAL OF CHINESE, ENGLISH AND UKRAINIAN LANGUAGES)." Naukovy Visnyk of South Ukrainian National Pedagogical University named after K. D. Ushynsky: Linguistic Sciences 2022, no. 34 (July 2022): 61–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.24195/2616-5317-2022-34-6.
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The article is devoted to the study of the paradigm of changes in the content of official documents regulating economic and legal relations in the academic sphere in the XXI century. The author considers the factors influencing the process of changes in the content of official documents regulating economic and legal relations in the academic sphere in the context of the linguistic-translation paradigm. The concepts “economic and legal discourse”, “composition of the text of the document”, “academic sphere” have been clarified. Economic and legal discourse is determined through the prism of its dual nature (linguistic and extralinguistic) as a discourse of economics and law, education-driven discourse, its extralinguistic background being associated with the prerequisites for initiating elaborations in the area of education, for launching academic mobility programmes intended for participants of the teaching / learning process at the background of the native state development and intergovernmental cooperation. The text composition of the document is associated with the format (frame) of its representation, namely: the structural and compositional form of the document along with lexical and grammatical features of the economic and legal discourse. We interpret the academic sphere as the environment in which the acquisition of new knowledge, exchange of education-related information, implementation of scientific / research projects, practical manifestation of the outcomes, cultural exchange and intercultural communication take place due to the creation of certain conditions. Some changes in the structure and composition of the documents regulating economic and legal relations in the academic sphere have been characterised. The linguistic peculiarities of the English official documents and their variants of translation into Chinese and Ukrainian have been analysed. The author presents illustrative means demonstrating the interaction of factors influencing the content of official documents which regulate economic and legal relations in the academic sphere in the XXI century.
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Pratama, Aghy Gilar, Sri Setiyowati, Dedeh Jubaedah, and Andrianto Heri Wibowo. "Pengamanan Dokumen Dalam Upaya Mitigasi Bencana Alam Di Wilayah Rawan Bencana Kabupaten Pandeglang." Jurnal Pengabdian Pada Masyarakat 7, no. 3 (August 31, 2022): 715–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.30653/002.202273.194.
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DOCUMENT SECURITY IN NATURAL DISASTER MITIGATION EFFORTS IN DISASTER-PRONE AREAS OF PANDEGLANG REGENCY.Pandeglang Regency is an area prone to natural disasters, ranging from floods, landslides, earthquakes and tsunamis, when natural disasters occur, documents tend to be damaged and lost, ranging from personal documents, commercial and government documents. Personal documents such as ID cards, diplomas, birth certificates and for commercial documents such as checks, notes and receipts, while Government documents are documents that contain state information from a government, such as regional regulations, government regulations and archives. Providing socialization and workshops is part of the steps for natural disaster mitigation efforts, especially document security, steps for securing documents using mobile communication tools, because mobile phones are tools that are already owned by all communities and village officials, but there are still many who do not understand the benefits of using mobile phones. the. The first stage of securing documents is that the mobile phone is connected to the internet, then access the Google Drive, to save the document, which has been scanned first using the scanner application installed on the cellphone of each community and village apparatus. This PKMS program is carried out in the form of workshops on document security in an effort to mitigate natural disasters in disaster-prone areas of Pandeglang Regency, the target of this activity is the community and apparatus of Pamarayan village, Jiput district, Pandeglang district. documents in disaster-prone areas, 2. Providing training related to document security to the community and village officials, 3. Growing understanding among the community and village apparatus about the use of digital technology.
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Balla, József. "Border Check and Security from the Perspective of Travel Document Forgery Before and Following Schengen." Magyar Rendészet 18, no. 5 (2018): 29–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.32577/mr.2018.5.2.
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The components of border check have a significant impact on the safety of a country or a region. The composition of border traffic by nationality and the security of travel documents from a travel document protection point of view, basically, determine the risk classification/insecurity of a particular border crossing point. Those travel documents which have lower travel document protection become subject to official document forgery in greater numbers. The detection of these illegal acts depends on the preparedness of the person carrying out the control which also means that this person is the key to success.
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Balla, József. "Border Check and Security from the Perspective of Travel Document Forgery Before and Following Schengen." Magyar Rendészet 18, no. 5 (2018): 29–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.32577/mr.2018.5.2.
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The components of border check have a significant impact on the safety of a country or a region. The composition of border traffic by nationality and the security of travel documents from a travel document protection point of view, basically, determine the risk classification/insecurity of a particular border crossing point. Those travel documents which have lower travel document protection become subject to official document forgery in greater numbers. The detection of these illegal acts depends on the preparedness of the person carrying out the control which also means that this person is the key to success.
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Stoianova, Tetiana. "LINGUISTIC SPECIFICITY OF ENGLISH AND CHINESE OFFICIAL PAPERS AND BUSINESS STYLE." Naukovy Visnyk of South Ukrainian National Pedagogical University named after K. D. Ushynsky: Linguistic Sciences 2020, no. 30 (March 2020): 183–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.24195/2616-5317-2020-30-12.
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The article is devoted to the study of the linguistic characteristics of official business style documents in English and Chinese. The relevance of the topic is explained by the growing pace of globalization, which requires the correct and accurate formation of international documents. The study is based on a comparison of stylistic and grammatical characteristics and rules for the composition of the text of an official business document, in particular declarations, conventions and resolutions in both languages. Consideration of the concepts of an international organization, an international document, a regulatory agreement, etc., allowed the exploration of the essence and importance of such institutions as the UN and UNESCO, which directly create the declarations, conventions and resolutions that are considered in the article. A review of existing studies on the functional styles of both languages revealed the features of the formation of the official business style of the English and Chinese languages, and their influence on the features of the formation of official business documents. Familiarization with the latest work of scientists has allowed us to obtain more accurate and relevant research results. The purpose, aim and basic features of the regulatory documents of the Chinese and English languages do not differ, however, certain speech differences are traced. The main differences of the Chinese official business style are explained by the influence of the linguistic and cultural features of this language, which include morphological features, rules for loan words formation in the Chinese language, and some grammatical features that are presented in the article. The main reason for the changes and the formation of the modern official business language was the transition from Wenyang to Baihua, but with the preservation of a significant number of Wenyang clericalism. The article presents and analyzes examples of the English and Chinese parts of documents, which made it possible to conduct a quantitative analysis and generalize the features of documents of both languages at the syntactic level in the form of a table.
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Nadtochii, Kateryna. "DOCUMENT “CHARTER” AS A GENRE OF OFFICIAL STYLE." Research Bulletin Series Philological Sciences 1, no. 193 (April 2021): 294–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.36550/2522-4077-2021-1-193-294-299.
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The study of the styles and genres of the literary language, as well as their features, is an integral part of modern philology. A vast deal of researches is devoted to such styles as literary, scientific and publicistic. The literary style and its genres has particular place in linguistic. However, in connection with the latest events that are taking place in the world, international documents are gaining more and more importance. It is the genres of this style which surround us in everyday life: laws, codes, orders, announcements, manuals and others. Also, all international documents and agreements are written in an official style. These documents are regulator of relations between countries. This article describes the classification of the styles of the literary language and their genres. And also, this article is devoted to the study of one international document, namely the "charter". There are many classifications of styles in the Ukrainian literary language. Each researcher categorizes and names them differently, but still, there are five main functional styles, such as scientific, official, publicistic, informal, literary. Official style is a functional style of literary language. "Charters" are international documents of official style. They have different stylistic, lexical and grammatical characteristics. In "charters " neutral vocabulary is used and words are used in the literal sense. For these documents extended sentence, compound sentence and complex sentence are characterized. A perspective for further research is a comparative analysis of the lexical, grammatical and semantic features of the "charter" in different languages.
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Vasiliev, D. V., and N. A. Mazaev. "Semirechye province through the eyes of an imperial official: state, social and private aspects in the memoirs of K. K. Pahlen." Vestnik of Orenburg State Pedagogical University. Electronic Scientific Journal, no. 37 (2021): 100–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.32516/2303-9922.2021.37.8.
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The main source of the article is the memoirs of Senator K. K. Pahlen, who personally toured the Turkestan Territory at the end of the first decade of the twentieth century. The use of the document allows to imagine the point of view from which high-ranking Russian officials evaluated the region, its inhabitants, the results of the implemented transformations and plans for further modernization of the region. The territorial scope of the study is limited to the province of Semirechye, inhabited by the nomadic population, the description of which clearly shows the orientalist view of the authors of the memoirs, which does not leave an opportunity for an objective perception of the realities of the Russian East. The analysis of documents in three aspects (official, individual and collective) proves the prevalence of orientalist concept in the minds of high-ranking Russian officials when planning and implementing transformations aimed at the full assimilation of Turkestan by the Russian Empire.
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Chu-Mei Chiu, Chu-Mei Chiu, Fang-Ming Hsu Chu-Mei Chiu, Meng-Hsiang Shen Fang-Ming Hsu, and Chun-Min Lin Meng-Hsiang Shen. "An Architecture for Electronic Exchange of Official Document Based on Email and Blockchain." 網際網路技術學刊 24, no. 2 (March 2023): 333–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/160792642023032402012.
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<p>Official documents are considered as a critical communications channel among agencies, organizations, and the public. With the rise of e-government, most official documents have been evolved from printed to electronic form in recent decades. However, the convenience of electronic documents also brings higher security risks. Through the integration of email and blockchain technology, this study proposes an architecture for the electronic exchange of official documents to bridge the gap between convenience and security. With the verification of the proposed system, the findings provide a valuable reference for the governance of agencies.</p> <p> </p>
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Spaulding, Jay. "A Tree Under Whom to Seek Shelter: Royal Justice and the Right of Sanctuary in Sinnār." Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 54, no. 3 (2011): 353–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156852011x587425.
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Abstract The Islamic Nubian kingdom of Sinnār dominated the northern Nile-valley Sudan from about 1500 to 1821. During the eighteenth century the government began to issue official documents in the Arabic language. Of these, about seventy are known to exist today. The present study examines an extended dispute over landholding near the Nile confluence that generated a series of official documents. Specifically, it considers a pair of unusual early nineteenth-century records that document the invocation of the right of sanctuary by the leader of the defeated party.
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Mambetaliev, Askar. "A Comparative Study of the Gap Between De-Jure and De-Facto Language Policies: The Case of Kyrgyzstan and Hungary." Sustainable Multilingualism 15, no. 1 (November 1, 2019): 48–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sm-2019-0013.
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Summary The purpose of this study was to find the main factors that guide language policies and discover correlations between top-down and bottom-up ideologies in the context of Hungary and Kyrgyzstan. To accomplish this, the study created a database of relevant official documents, photos of linguistic landscapes and qualitative data. The study analyzed the documented top-down decisions from historical perspectives, and then compared them with the data collected from interviews and surveys, and from the collection of photos. The participants included both high-ranking political figures, professors, students and random citizens. Results showed that the official policies often do not comprehensively match with the people’s beliefs, attitudes and desires. Findings also imply that using either document analysis, or the method of linguistic landscape, or qualitative methods alone, might not sufficiently validate the results in the absence of each other, since errors may top up from various discrepancies between top-down and bottom-up arrangements, as well as from overt and covert ideologies.
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Zaharov, D., and YEkatyerina Kashtanova. "Features of Ensuring the Storage of Electronic HR Documents in the Organization." Management of the Personnel and Intellectual Resources in Russia 9, no. 6 (January 28, 2021): 78–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2305-7807-2021-78-83.
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This article discusses the features of ensuring electronic storage of personnel documents in an organization. Basic terms have been defined, such as an automated system for maintaining an archive of electronic document management, access rights, and electronic business. The procedure for recording an electronic personnel document per storage unit has been laid out. The types of documents that can be stored in electronic form are indicated. The procedure for storing an electronic personnel document is considered in detail. The process of ensuring information security of personnel documentation, as well as the procedure for submitting electronic documents at the request of authorized organizations or the application of employees, is considered. The procedure for access of officials to electronic personnel documents is considered separately.
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Rossi, Tony, Richard Tinning, Louise McCuaig, Karen Sirna, and Lisa Hunter. "With the Best of Intentions: A Critical Discourse Analysis of Physical Education Curriculum Materials." Journal of Teaching in Physical Education 28, no. 1 (January 2009): 75–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.28.1.75.
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Much of physical education curriculum in the developed world and specifically in Australia tends to be guided in principle by syllabus documents that represent, in varying degrees, some form of government education priorities. Through the use of critical discourse analysis we analyze one such syllabus example (an official syllabus document of one of the Australian States) to explore the relationships between the emancipatory/social justice expectations presented in the rubric of and introduction to the official syllabus document, and the language details of learning outcomes that indicate how the expectations might be satisfied. Given the complexity and multilevel pathways of message systems/ideologies we question the efficacy of such documents oriented around social justice principles to genuinely deliver more radical agendas which promote social change and encourage a preparedness to engage in social action leading to a betterment of society.
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DROFIAK, Bohdana. "GENRES OF OFFICIAL AND BUSINESS COMMUNICATION IN RELIGIOUS DISCOURSE." Culture of the Word, no. 92 (2020): 177–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.37919/0201-419x-2020.92.15.
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The development of an independent conciliar Ukrainian state and the related processes of restoring historical memory, awakening of national consciousness raised the issue of the functioning of the Ukrainian language in the church, drew public attention to the development of the religious style of the Ukrainian literary language. Like any other public structure, church communicates at the internal religious (confessional) level and at the external – national level. This leads to the formation and establishment of official-business language communication, operation of documents that have characteristic linguistic-structural (lexical, syntactic, textual) features, different from the usual office work. The documentation of the activities of religious organizations reflects the following main stages: – Establishment of religious organizations: statement, charter of the religious community, minutes of the general meeting on the adoption of the statute (regulations) and elections of governing (executive) bodies, a document confirming the organizational and canonical subordination of the religious community, etc. – Staffing: decree. – Participation in the Sacraments: Certificate of Holy Matrimony, Certificate of Baptism and Holy Chrismation, Certificate of Ordination. – Honouring with liturgical and church awards and distinctions. Priests are rewarded with liturgical awards according to the hierarchy of promotion. After that, together with the award, the clergy receive an official document – a Certificate. In addition, there are a number of church awards. Among them are diplomas, orders, medals, which are conferred to lay people who work for the good and prosperity of the Orthodox Church. – Formal business communication for different needs. According to the classification of S. Gongalo, the documents are divided into: – by name: orders, instructions,prescriptions, reports, statements, notes, letters, invitations, etc. – by place of drafting: internal and external. – by origin: official and official personal – by purpose: originals and copies – Confirmation of facts: Reference. Having identified the genres, structure and functioning of official business communication in religious discourse and analyzed them, we can conclude that these documents do not have a high level of standardization, clear structure and rules of design in accordance with legal requirements. They need a clear classification of documents of religious style, the development of requirements for their design, in general – the standardization and unification of official business texts of religious discourse.
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Xiao, Mei Hua, Jie Tan, and Li Ke Zhuang. "The Research and Implementation of an Electronic Seal System Based on CAPICOM." Advanced Materials Research 734-737 (August 2013): 3228–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.734-737.3228.
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In order to guarantee the secure transmission and efficient authentication of electronic official document paper, this paper puts forward the design plan of the electronic seal system with the technologies of CAPICOM, SHA-1 and USBKey. The design plan implements document protection function with major forms of electronic signature, handwritten signature and keyboard notation. Examination result and analysis proves that the system can ensure the security of the seal and guaranteed the integrality, authentication and non-repudiation of the documents. The system has broad application potential in electronic commerce, electronic government and other electronic official field.
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Gorban, Oksana, Marina Kosova, and Elena Sheptukhina. "Structural Markup of Official Documents in Diachronic Linguistic Corpus: Problems and Solutions." Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 2. Jazykoznanije, no. 4 (December 2021): 5–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu2.2021.4.1.
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The research relevance is determined by the need to annotate official documents of Don Cossack Host written in the middle of the 18 th century and kept in "Mikhailovsky Stanitsa Ataman" archive fund of the State Archive of the Volgograd Region (SAVR, fund 332, inventory 1), so as to compile a linguistic corpus. The authors characterize the problems of the deposited documentary text structural division. These difficulties occur due to the specifics of the form, the dynamics of genres and the syntactical peculiarities of business communication in the middle of the 18 th century. It is revealed that the complexity of documentary text division depends on the degree of its narrativity. The choice of a structural-semantic segment that coincides with a sentence or several closely connected sentences as a layout unit is motivated. A complex method of document segmentation for the structural markup is justified. The approach is based on genre parameterization of documents and their syntactic segmentation. It has been established that the segment boundaries can be indicated by the complex of graphic symbols, speech formulas that perform the function of details of payments, lexical and grammatical means. As a result of the study, it has been shown that the succession of procedures implemented for text segmentation, and targeted at genre and speech organization of the document identification, makes it possible to present in the diachronic corpus the information, which is necessary and sufficient for the user to conclude about the properties of the document text and its units.
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Ó BUACHALLA, BREANDÁN. "Irish Jacobitism in official documents." Eighteenth-Century Ireland 8, no. 1 (January 1993): 128–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/eci.1993.11.
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Rudnev, Dmitriy V. "The name of a person in official communication of the 18th century (features of naming Pugachev in the documents of the 1770s)." Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature 18, no. 3 (2021): 590–608. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu09.2021.310.
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On the example of naming Pugachev in various documents of the 1770s, where he played various social roles — the interrogated, imposter tzar, a person under investigation, the accused — the article examines the dependence of the form of officially naming a person based on his position in society, the type of document and the place of the name in the documentary text. Official anthroponyms of the 18th century began to oppose the forms of naming a person in unofficial communication. This process demonstrates the gradual alienation of official communication from live speech. The correct naming of a person in different types of documents required special skill and training and was a sign of inclusion in the official communication. The article analyzes changes in naming Pugachev in documents related to different stages of Pugachev’s Rebellion, and it is concluded that gradually in the documents of rebels, when choosing the forms of his naming, the number of deviations from the established official forms of anthroponyms decreases. The analysis of the documents related to the investigation of Pugachev reveals a number of serious deviations in his naming, which indicated that the authorities considered Pugachev’s crime as one of particular severity and they deprived Pugachev of the usual forms of official naming. The investigation documents usually used the contemptuous diminutive form of the name Emel’ka or the evaluative noun villain.
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Park, Geunchil. "The Pattern of Official Documents and Administration of Local Official Documents in Tang Period." JOURNAL OF ASIAN HISTORICAL STUDIES 148 (September 30, 2019): 79–154. http://dx.doi.org/10.17856/jahs.2019.9.148.79.
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MAOUCHE-KETFI, Dr Salima. "Professional Development in training and Tutoring Have I really gained experience and skill through training and tutoring sessions? Case of: a special third year student, language sciences and didactics (SLD), Department of English, University of Bejaia." International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 8, no. 9 (September 1, 2020): 131–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol8.iss9.2603.
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Practitioner engagement is not an easy task in teaching in higher education. In fact, there is much evidence now to propose a strong relationship between active engagement and the quality of the teaching experience. But what exactly do we mean by ‘engagement’? For many it simply refers to assisting students to connect with the subject material in a way that generates interest, enjoyment and interaction. Generating active participation is particularly important in tutorials or small group teaching, where tutorials ‘by design’, are intended to provide students a different kind of learning experience than the lecture. It is also through active engagement that both, teachers and students take greater ownership for their teaching craft and learning process. This concept assists in the development of an overall design or structure to support such engagement and active participation. The more organized and clear the teachers and students are, the more likely it is that they will get the desired and target results. In addition to this, active engagement of teachers should be reinforced by a reflective practice which is an active process too of attending to their own experience of teaching in order to explore it in some depth. It is in fact a ‘dialogue of thinking and doing through which teachers become more skilled. This process develops by thinking critically and deeply about what teachers are doing in order that they may transform that experience and reapply it in new contexts. In many respects, Professional Development in training and tutoring has been designed to motivate reflection on one’s teaching practice and mostly where teachers have an opportunity to see others in practice. The article’s results have been derived from the interpretation of the data collected through designing an interview addressed to the only special student of the department and show the researcher’s experience as a teacher and an administrator with Abdenour, this is how I like to call him, a blind student, but his determination and willingness to succeed in his higher studies made of him a remarkable young man. Special tutoring and training sessions have been designed to enable him fully integrate the learning community. Therefore, this article has been directed to focalize on the pedagogical decisions based on implementing and considering the training and tutoring sessions as a necessity to develop first the teaching craft and then help, advise and guide our students towards more success in their studies. Is not it mentioned in the official document (Journal officiel de la République Algérienne N°23 du 4 Mai, 2008 ; articles 33,34, 35, …) « to receive the students 3 hours/week to advise and orient them »?
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Graham, Aaron. "Select Document: the Case of Robert Ayleway esqr, late Comptroller of the Artillery in Ireland, 1692." Irish Historical Studies 39, no. 155 (May 2015): 479–514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ihs.2014.7.
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Abstract This article examines a petition drawn up by Robert Ayleway, an official within the Irish fiscal-military state in 1692, in connection with charges of corruption and incompetence during the Williamite Wars (1689–91). Ayleway’s petition, and his wider career, demonstrate that he was part of a process of English and Irish state formation that had begun well before 1688, driven by informal patronage networks as much as by formal bureaucratic developments, creating an entrenched interest group of officials that nevertheless came into conflict after 1689 with new officers, many of them foreign, who came to Ireland in William III’s train. Both sides suspected the loyalty of the other, but the petition reveals that Ayleway saw himself, with some justice, as a competent and loyal official who had used his private means to serve the public in a way that had also advanced his own private interests, suggesting something of the ethos of officials within the new Irish (and English) fiscal-military state.
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Fauzia, Maya Rizki. "ANNOTATED TRANSLATION OF CURRICULUM TERMINOLOGY IN INDONESIAN ACADEMIC TRANSCRIPT." Journal of English for Academic and Specific Purposes (JEASP) 4, no. 2 (December 20, 2021): 228–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.18860/jeasp.v4i2.14429.
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Transcript is an official document that comprises a student’s academic record. Besides all courses taken, grades received and cumulative GPA, it also consists of specific terms or expressions in the target language. Translating official document requires special attention since the process deals with transferring meaning and finding appropriate terms in Indonesian. This study is based on annotated translation of academic transcript from Indonesian to English. Its objectives are to identify issues the researcher encountered in the process of translating the document from the Source Language (SL) to the Target Language (TL), and provide solutions to the translation problems. The units of analysis were 11 annotations of problems which consisted of 3 words and 8 phrases related to curriculum. The result showed that translation problems occurred due to lacking understanding on meaning of curriculum-related terminology. Semantic and functional translation methods were the strategies employed to obtain a suitable equivalent for the problems. Another strategy was to consult to official documents providing more detailed information on the terminology.
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Loncar, Zoran. "Jurisdiction of state administration in the procedure of issuing travel documents." Zbornik Matice srpske za drustvene nauke, no. 135 (2011): 241–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/zmsdn1135041l.
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Under the new law on travel documents, in addition to authority that has the Government of Serbia, in terms of issuing travel documents and a shared competence between the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs depending on the type of travel document in question. Ministry of Foreign Affairs is authorized to issue a diplomatic passport, official passport and travel document, while all other travel documents are issued by the Ministry of Internal Affairs. When it comes to the passport as the most important travel document the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Internal Affairs is fully established. Diplomatic and Consular Missions of the Republic of Serbia abroad can now only receive requests for passport, but the issuance of travel documents of this type is exclusive jurisdiction of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. Such jurisdiction of the state administration in the process of issuing travel documents, along with other novelties which significantly modernize this kind of special administrative procedures should in practice very quickly enable the efficient issuance of travel documents, thus achieving the complete freedom of movement as one of the rights guaranteed by the Constitution to the citizens of the Republic of Serbia.
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Veress, Csongor Balazs. "The Comparison Between the Hungarian and Romanian National Security Strategies." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 18, no. 39 (December 31, 2022): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2022.v18n39p128.
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In 2020 first Hungary, later Romania, two member states of NATO, EU and PESCO adopted their own Nation Security Strategies. There was a need in both mentioned countries for new defense strategies because in recent years new challenges and threats have emerged, like the annexation of Crimea, the destabilization of Ukraine, and the migration crisis. These documents describe the two countries’ place in the international system, list the threats and challenges to their security, and finally try to give a solution based on their possibilities and capabilities. The strategies also carry a message to neighbors, allies, and future rivals. The document's aim is the protection of core national values. In this paper, my goal is to offer an overview of the strategic documents and to analyze first the Romanian National Defense Strategy. The Hungarian National Security Strategy, and finally to highlight the similarities and find the differences like national sovereignty, protection of Christian values, or the importance of a European army. In both security documents old and new threats appear like terrorism, climate change, migrant problems, hybrid warfare, arms, and drug trafficking. Each strategy is an official communication tool, an official policy message to external and internal actors at different levels and of different types that influence national security. To achieve my goal, I used the methods of document analysis and content analysis on the primary sources. The purpose of the research is to compare two neighboring countries' strategies, and how they react to their national threats.
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LIU, Ying. "Official document classification using stochastic keyword generation." Journal of Computer Applications 28, no. 5 (May 20, 2008): 1359–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1087.2008.01359.
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Liao, C. H., P. C. Lin, and T. C. Hsia. "Evaluating the performance of the official document." Journal of Statistics and Management Systems 9, no. 1 (March 2006): 151–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09720510.2006.10701199.
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