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Kotzageorgis, Phokion. "The Newly Found Oldest Patriarchal Berat." Turkish Historical Review 11, no. 1 (November 5, 2020): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18775462-bja10010.
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Abstract This article discusses a newly found Ottoman document. It concerns the oldest—to date—patriarchal diploma of investiture (berat), which was issued for Patriarch Raphael i (1475–76). This and the other two known berats from that epoch constitute a successive set of such documents, and give scholars the opportunity to study the mechanisms of production of patriarchal diplomas of investiture that were so important for the Orthodox Church in the Ottoman period. Furthermore, these documents date from the formative period of the Orthodox Church under Ottoman rule, providing first-hand evidence on how the Church institution became stabilised under the Ottomans.
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Yu, Wei, Xiao Yue Tang, Lin Gan, Shi Jun Li, Yun Lu Zhang, and Jun Wang. "Information Mining Based on Multi-Granularity News Fusion." Advanced Materials Research 850-851 (December 2013): 592–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.850-851.592.
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In response to the Internet users are about the same theme of mass information effectively filter and extraction, this paper proposes a document based on particle size of the news MGNF fusion algorithm, particle size document means that face now the newest microblog and short documents and traditional news dissemination documents, both document length although different, but as based on the calculation of grassroots journalism and communication mode. Through mining the different particle size of the document different views, we can find out the potential to be found for the information. The experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
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S., Rajeswari, and Sai Baba Magapu. "Development and customization of in-house developed OCR and its evaluation." Electronic Library 36, no. 5 (October 1, 2018): 766–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/el-01-2018-0011.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop a text extraction tool for scanned documents that would extract text and build the keywords corpus and key phrases corpus for the document without manual intervention. Design/methodology/approach For text extraction from scanned documents, a Web-based optical character recognition (OCR) tool was developed. OCR is a well-established technology, so to develop the OCR, Microsoft Office document imaging tools were used. To account for the commonly encountered problem of skew being introduced, a method to detect and correct the skew introduced in the scanned documents was developed and integrated with the tool. The OCR tool was customized to build keywords and key phrases corpus for every document. Findings The developed tool was evaluated using a 100 document corpus to test the various properties of OCR. The tool had above 99 per cent word read accuracy for text only image documents. The customization of the OCR was tested with samples of Microfiches, sample of Journal pages from back volumes and samples from newspaper clips and the results are discussed in the summary. The tool was found to be useful for text extraction and processing. Social implications The scanned documents are converted to keywords and key phrases corpus. The tool could be used to build metadata for scanned documents without manual intervention. Originality/value The tool is used to convert unstructured data (in the form of image documents) to structured data (the document is converted into keywords, and key phrases database). In addition, the image document is converted to editable and searchable document.
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Manju, K., S. David Peter, and Sumam Idicula. "A Framework for Generating Extractive Summary from Multiple Malayalam Documents." Information 12, no. 1 (January 18, 2021): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info12010041.
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Automatic extractive text summarization retrieves a subset of data that represents most notable sentences in the entire document. In the era of digital explosion, which is mostly unstructured textual data, there is a demand for users to understand the huge amount of text in a short time; this demands the need for an automatic text summarizer. From summaries, the users get the idea of the entire content of the document and can decide whether to read the entire document or not. This work mainly focuses on generating a summary from multiple news documents. In this case, the summary helps to reduce the redundant news from the different newspapers. A multi-document summary is more challenging than a single-document summary since it has to solve the problem of overlapping information among sentences from different documents. Extractive text summarization yields the sensitive part of the document by neglecting the irrelevant and redundant sentences. In this paper, we propose a framework for extracting a summary from multiple documents in the Malayalam Language. Also, since the multi-document summarization data set is sparse, methods based on deep learning are difficult to apply. The proposed work discusses the performance of existing standard algorithms in multi-document summarization of the Malayalam Language. We propose a sentence extraction algorithm that selects the top ranked sentences with maximum diversity. The system is found to perform well in terms of precision, recall, and F-measure on multiple input documents.
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Nadubeediramesh, Rashmi, and Aryya Gangopadhyay. "Dynamic Document Clustering Using Singular Value Decomposition." International Journal of Computational Models and Algorithms in Medicine 3, no. 3 (July 2012): 27–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jcmam.2012070103.
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Incremental document clustering is important in many applications, but particularly so in healthcare contexts where text data is found in abundance, ranging from published research in journals to day-to-day healthcare data such as discharge summaries and nursing notes. In such dynamic environments new documents are constantly added to the set of documents that have been used in the initial cluster formation. Hence it is important to be able to incrementally update the clusters at a low computational cost as new documents are added. In this paper the authors describe a novel, low cost approach for incremental document clustering. Their method is based on conducting singular value decomposition (SVD) incrementally. They dynamically fold in new documents into the existing term-document space and dynamically assign these new documents into pre-defined clusters based on intra-cluster similarity. This saves the cost of re-computing SVD on the entire document set every time updates occur. The authors also provide a way to retrieve documents based on different window sizes with high scalability and good clustering accuracy. They have tested their proposed method experimentally with 960 medical abstracts retrieved from the PubMed medical library. The authors’ incremental method is compared with the default situation where complete re-computation of SVD is done when new documents are added to the initial set of documents. The results show minor decreases in the quality of the cluster formation but much larger gains in computational throughput.
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M. Ariff, N., M. A. A. Bakar, and M. I. Rahmad. "Comparative Study of Document Clustering Algorithms." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.11 (October 2, 2018): 246. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.11.20816.
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Text clustering is a data mining technique that is becoming more important in present studies. Document clustering makes use of text clustering to divide documents according to the various topics. The choice of words in document clustering is important to ensure that the document can be classified correctly. Three different methods of clustering which are hierarchical clustering, k-means and k-medoids are used and compared in this study in order to identify the best method which produce the best result in document clustering. The three methods are applied on 60 sports articles involving four different types of sports. The k-medoids clustering produced the worst result while k-means clustering is found to be more sensitive towards general words. Therefore, the method of hierarchical clustering is deemed more stable to produce a meaningful result in document clustering analysis.
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Puri, Shalini, and Satya Prakash Singh. "Advanced Applications on Bilingual Document Analysis and Processing Systems." International Journal of Applied Metaheuristic Computing 11, no. 4 (October 2020): 149–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijamc.2020100108.
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Today, rapid digitization requires efficient bilingual non-image and image document classification systems. Although many bilingual NLP and image-based systems provide solutions for real-world problems, they primarily focus on text extraction, identification, and recognition tasks with limited document types. This article discusses a journey of these systems and provides an overview of their methods, feature extraction techniques, document sets, classifiers, and accuracy for English-Hindi and other language pairs. The gaps found lead toward the idea of a generic and integrated bilingual English-Hindi document classification system, which classifies heterogeneous documents using a dual class feeder and two character corpora. Its non-image and image modules include pre- and post-processing stages and pre-and post-segmentation stages to classify documents into predefined classes. This article discusses many real-life applications on societal and commercial issues. The analytical results show important findings of existing and proposed systems.
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Gupta, Akanksha, Ravindra Pratap Narwaria, and Madhav Singh. "Review on Deep Learning Handwritten Digit Recognition using Convolutional Neural Network." International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering 9, no. 5 (January 30, 2021): 245–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijrte.e5287.019521.
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In this digital world, everything including documents, notes is kept in digital form. The requirement of converting these digital documents into processed information is in demand. This process is called as Handwritten digit recognition (HDR). The digital scan document is processed and classified to identify the hand written words into digital text so that it can be used to keep it in the documents format means in computerized font so that everybody can read it properly. In this paper, it is discussed that classifiers like KNN, SVM, CNN are used for HDR. These classifiers are trained with some predefined dataset and then used to process any digital scan document into computer document format. The scanned document is passed through four different stages for recognition where image is preprocessed, segmented and then recognized by classifier. MNIST dataset is used for training purpose. Complete CNN classifier is discussed in this paper. It is found that CNN is very accurate for HDR but still there is a scope to improve the performance in terms of accuracy, complexity and timing.
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Schulz, S., U. Hahn, and K. Markó. "MorphoSaurus." Methods of Information in Medicine 44, no. 04 (2005): 537–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1634005.
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Summary Objectives: We propose an interlingua-based indexing approach to account for the particular challenges that arise in the design and implementation of cross-language document retrieval systems for the medical domain. Methods: Documents, as well as queries, are mapped to a language-independent conceptual layer on which retrieval operations are performed. We contrast this approach with the direct translation of German queries to English ones which, subsequently, are matched against English documents. Results: We evaluate both approaches, interlingua-based and direct translation, on a large medical document collection, the OHSUMED corpus. A substantial benefit for interlingua-based document retrieval using German queries on English texts is found, which amounts to 93% of the (monolingual) English baseline. Conclusions: Most state-of-the-art cross-language information retrieval systems translate user queries to the language(s) of the target documents. In contradistinction to this approach, translating both documents and user queries into a language-independent, concept-like representation format is more beneficial to enhance cross-language retrieval performance.
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McCarty, Kieran. "Mission Manifesto: A Document." Americas 43, no. 3 (January 1987): 347–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1006768.
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The Spanish mission system was a tool of empire. If we consider it oppressive by modern standards, it was—at least in intent—a lesser of the many evils invariably accompanying the historical tactics of imperialism. With the Enlightenment and the new world republican movements of the early nineteenth century, the lot of the “mission Indian” grew worse rather than better. Although along with the other “citizens” of the new American republics he was declared “liberated,” he soon found out that some citizens were more liberated than others. With the rejection of the centralized authority of the Spanish monarchy, land-grabbing became the order of the day and Indian lands were the easiest target.
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Wang, Zhongyi, Jin Zhang, and Jing Huang. "Multi-granularity hierarchical topic-based segmentation of structured, digital library resources." Electronic Library 35, no. 1 (February 6, 2017): 99–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/el-06-2015-0108.
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Purpose Current segmentation systems almost invariably focus on linear segmentation and can only divide text into linear sequences of segments. This suits cohesive text such as news feed but not coherent texts such as documents of a digital library which have hierarchical structures. To overcome the focus on linear segmentation in document segmentation and to realize the purpose of hierarchical segmentation for a digital library’s structured resources, this paper aimed to propose a new multi-granularity hierarchical topic-based segmentation system (MHTSS) to decide section breaks. Design/methodology/approach MHTSS adopts up-down segmentation strategy to divide a structured, digital library document into a document segmentation tree. Specifically, it works in a three-stage process, such as document parsing, coarse segmentation based on document access structures and fine-grained segmentation based on lexical cohesion. Findings This paper analyzed limitations of document segmentation methods for the structured, digital library resources. Authors found that the combination of document access structures and lexical cohesion techniques should complement each other and allow for a better segmentation of structured, digital library resources. Based on this finding, this paper proposed the MHTSS for the structured, digital library resources. To evaluate it, MHTSS was compared to the TT and C99 algorithms on real-world digital library corpora. Through comparison, it was found that the MHTSS achieves top overall performance. Practical implications With MHTSS, digital library users can get their relevant information directly in segments instead of receiving the whole document. This will improve retrieval performance as well as dramatically reduce information overload. Originality/value This paper proposed MHTSS for the structured, digital library resources, which combines the document access structures and lexical cohesion techniques to decide section breaks. With this system, end-users can access a document by sections through a document structure tree.
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Lageson, Sarah Esther. "Found Out and Opting Out." ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 665, no. 1 (April 10, 2016): 127–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716215625053.
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Online criminal histories document and publicize even minor brushes with the law and represent people who may not even be guilty of any crime. This has dramatically changed the relationship that millions of Americans have with the criminal justice system and may affect their social and private lives. Drawing on interviews and fieldwork with people attempting to expunge and legally seal their criminal records, I explore how online versions of these records impact family relationships. Many who appear on mug shot and criminal history websites are arrestees who are never formally charged or convicted of a crime. The indiscriminate posting of all types of justice contact on websites may impact those who, for the most part, desist from crime and are core contributors to their family and community. I find that many of those who are affected by the stigma of online records did not know that records existed until they “popped up” unexpectedly, and that this experience leads them to self-select out of family duties that contribute to child well-being.
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Ribeiro, Osvaldo Luiz. "“E O LEVARAM PARA JERUSALÉM E O MATARAM LÁ” – JUÍZES 1,4b-7 COMO DOCUMENTO JEBUSEU DOS ARQUIVOS DE JERUSALÉM." Perspectiva Teológica 44, no. 124 (December 9, 2014): 451. http://dx.doi.org/10.20911/21768757v44n124p451/2012.
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Propor Jz 1,4b-7 como documento jebuseu preservado nos arquivos da Jerusalém israelita e, oportunamente, incluído na história da conquista de Judá, em Juízes 1. Segundo a história lavrada no documento jebuseu, Adoni Bezeq, “senhor de Bezeq” é um rei pré-israelita que tem mantido sob seu poder e opressão uma grande quantidade de cidades. Lideradas provavelmente por Jerusalém, uma coalisão ainda pré-israelita de cidades ataca Bezeq, capital do rei opressor. Adoni Bezeq foge, mas é capturado pela coalisão. Aplicam-lhe o mesmo castigo que ele aplicara aos reis subjugados e, então, levam-no, prisioneiro, para Jerusalém, onde é morto. Um documento narrando a proeza é redigido e conservado nos arquivos da cidade jebusita de Jerusalém. Quando, mais tarde, Jerusalém é capturada pelos israelitas, o documento é encontrado e preservado. Mais tarde, ainda, um redator usa o documento jebuseu para descrever parte da conquista de Judá, assumindo, redacionalmente, que o sujeito “eles” do documento, originariamente aplicado à coalisão, passe a referir-se a “Judá”, que assume, então, ter sido a responsável pela proeza narrada no documento.ABSTRACT: Propose Jz 1, 4b-7 as a jebusite document preserved in the archives of Israeli Jerusalem and eventually included in the history of the conquest of Judah, in Judges 1. Exegetical essay. According to the history recorded in the jebusite document, Adoni Bezeq, “Lord of Bezeq” is a pre-Israelite king that has kept under his power and oppression a large number of cities. Probably led by Jerusalem, a coalition of still pre-Israelite cities attacks Bezeq, capital of the oppressive king. Adoni Bezeq flees, but is captured by the coalition. The captors apply the same punishment that he applied to the subjugated kings and then lead him as prisoner, to Jerusalem, where he is killed. A document chronicling the feat is drawn up and kept in the archives of the jebusite city of Jerusalem. Later, when Jerusalem is captured by the Israelis, the document is found and preserved. Still much later, an editor uses the jebusite document to describe part of the conquest of Judah, assuming, redactionally, that the subject “they” of the document, originally applied to the coalition, should refer to “Judah”, which assumes, then, to have been responsible for the feat chronicled by the document.
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Aščerić-Todd, Ines. "A Note on the Aḫī-Qādiriyya Order." Arabica 64, no. 2 (June 13, 2017): 249–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700585-12341445.
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This article compares the contents of a 17th century futuwwa statute of Bosnian tanners with those of a similar document found in Albania, and assesses what implications these two documents together, and the similarities between them, have on the thesis about the existence of an Aḫī-Qādiriyya Sufi order in the Balkans, and wider in the Ottoman Empire. Cette note compare le contenu d’un statut de futuwwa du xviie siècle des tanneurs bosniaques avec celui d’un document similaire trouvé en Albanie et évalue les implications de ces deux documents sur la thèse de la présence d’un ordre soufi Aḫī-Qādirī dans les Balkans et plus généralement dans l’Empire ottoman. This article is in English.
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Shulginov, V. A. "COGNITIVE MODEL OF HYPERTEXT." Bulletin of Kemerovo State University, no. 4 (November 26, 2016): 233–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2078-8975-2016-4-233-238.
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With digital technology, reading and writing manifest themselves as being extensively multi-sensory activity entailing perceptual, cognitive and motor interactions with digital text. The paper studies a cognitive model of an electronic hypertext, according to which the connectivity between documents has proven to play an important role in determining the communicative and cognitive activity of a certain user in it. For the analysis we collected RuNet links with high citation index and built the Corpus (2242 samples). We analyzed the links and found out that in most cases (>45 %) the topic of the document becomes the object of the author's reception. Links form a semantic network around the document and realize the bidirectional associative connection with the topic. We found out that besides the topic of the document, genre, tone of communication, spatio-temporal relationships in the structure of the electronic hypertext may also be the objects of the author's reception.
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Lee, Hyun Woo, Bharat Anand Harapanahalli, Chukwuma Nnaji, Jonghyeob Kim, and John Gambatese. "Feasibility of using QR Codes in Highway Construction Document Management." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2672, no. 26 (June 8, 2018): 114–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198118776133.
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Highway construction occasionally takes place in remote locations, making its document management challenging especially when frequent document revisions occur. With the recent advancement of smartphones and tablets, Quick Response (QR) codes can provide project teams rapid and reliable access to up-to-date documents required for field operations. As a result, the use of QR codes can lead to a reduced need for traveling or meeting for document revisions, and reduce the amount of hardcopy documents and storage space. Despite the potential for significant benefits, there have been few studies aimed at assessing the feasibility of using QR codes in highway construction. In response, the objective of the study was to investigate the benefits of and barriers to using QR codes in highway construction for document management. To conduct the study, first a multi-step process was used, involving an online survey and interviews, with a goal of determining the status quo of highway construction in terms of document management and mobile information technology (IT). The results indicate that hardcopy documentation is still the most prevalent form of document management in highway construction, and hence there is an opportunity for implementing QR codes in conjunction with mobile IT. In the second part of the study, a time study using a real-world infrastructure project was conducted based on three activities: detail look up, specification check, and version check. As a result, the study found statistical evidence that using QR codes can lead to significant time savings.
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Donaldson, Devan Ray. "The Digitized Archival Document Trustworthiness Scale." International Journal of Digital Curation 11, no. 1 (November 28, 2016): 252–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2218/ijdc.v11i1.387.
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Designated communities are central to validation of preservation. If a designated community is able to understand and use information found within a digital repository, the assumption is that the information has been properly preserved. As judging the trustworthiness of information requires at least some level of understanding of that information, this paper presents results of a study aimed at developing a tool for measuring designated community members’ perceptions of trustworthiness for preserved information found within a digital repository. The study focuses on genealogists at the Washington State Digital Archives who routinely interact with digitized genealogical records, including digitized marriage, death, and birth records. Results of the study include construction of an original Digitized Archival Document Trustworthiness Scale (DADTS). DADTS is a ready-made tool for digital curators to use to measure the trustworthiness perceptions of their designated community members. Implications of this study include the feasibility of engaging members of a designated community in the construction of a scale for measuring trustworthiness perception, thereby providing deeper insight into the understandability and usability of preserved information by that designated community.
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Fraade, Steven D. "History (?) in the Damascus Document." Dead Sea Discoveries 25, no. 3 (November 20, 2018): 412–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685179-12341487.
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Abstract While the Damascus Document, like other writings found among the Dead Sea Scrolls, has been mined for historical information, with which to reconstruct the history of the Yaḥad, including the process and conditions of its formation and development over time, the present study is interested in discerning the text’s own understanding of the place in history occupied by its community of auditors and learners. Particular attention will be given to the text’s recurring reference to its beginnings (“first ones”) and ends (“last ones”) and to its sense of living in a truncated time-between. Through the close reading of two hortatory sections of the text, the question of how the Yaḥad’s collective social memory informs its self-understanding and practices as it faces both backward and forward in time.
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Opreanu, Coriolan Horațiu, and Vlad-Andrei Lăzărescu. "A New Military Diploma Recently Found at Porolissum (Dacia Porolissensis)." Ephemeris Napocensis 30 (February 10, 2021): 295–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.33993/10.33993/ephnap.2020.30.295.
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The authors are presenting a military diploma recently found in the Roman fort at Porolissum (Dacia Porolissensis). It dates from Hadrian’s time and was issued for a soldier from cohors II Augusta Nerviana Pacensis milliaria Brittonum garrisoned in the fort at Buciumi (Sălaj County) on the frontier of Dacia Porolissensis. The document is a more complete copy of a fragmentary one already known. The diploma mentions one cavalry unit and eight infantry troops from the province’s army. The authors discuss the strange order of troops in the new diploma and highlight the accurate mention of the complete titles of the units.
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Valikonytė, Irena. "The Document in the Hierarchy of Evidence of the Legal Process in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in the Late Fifteenth Century and the First Half of the Sixteenth Century." Lietuvos istorijos studijos 46 (December 28, 2020): 8–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/lis.2020.46.1.
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The discussion on the legal power of documents generated by the researchers exploring the written culture of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries invites for a more detailed analysis of the usage of a written document in the legal process, the chronology of its legal regulation, the document’s place in the system of evidence as well as its meaning in the legal consciousness of the nobles. The legal proceedings and rulings recorded in the judicial affairs books incorporated into the Lithuanian Metrica reveal the process when, with the development of the written culture and the increase of the demand for documents in the state’s internal affairs, the written document evolved into an independent and sound legal evidence in the judicial process. In the civil cases, primarily concerning the land ownership, the legal power of a written document was recognized already in the middle of the fifteenth century (although there was no peremptory requirement to present written documents in the judicial process), and approved by the extended edition of the First Statute of Lithuania. In the late fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries, the long-lived “colorful robes of justice” (the oath, the gesture, the placing of one’s cap) were replaced in the system of legal evidence by written documents which, from then on, were considered as more reliable evidence than a personal oath, and, in some cases, even a testimony. Eventually, this view found its place in the consciousness of the nobles who documented their transactions and used documents to solve legal conflicts. Moreover, in Lithuania, unlike in the Kingdom of Poland, the judges considered not only the public, but also the legitimate private documents as legal evidence of equal importance. Although, the hierarchy of legal evidence, that prioritized the documents was embedded only in the Second Statute of Lithuania (chapter IV article 52, entitled “On evidence and defense” (O dovodech i otvodech), the analysis of sources allows to decisively affirm that the main source of the aforementioned article was the practice of the courts in the late fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries.
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Silva, Luiz Antonio Santana da, Noemi Andreza da Penha, Telma Campanha de Carvalho Madio, and Bruno Henrique Machado. "Identificação e inserção de tipos documentais fotográficos na elaboração de instrumentos de gestão de documentos: estudo sobre a Secretaria Municipal de Meio Ambiente de Rio Claro (SP)." Páginas a&b : Arquivos & Bibliotecas, no. 14 (2020): 91–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.21747/21836671/pag14a7.
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The text aims to bring the studies and strategies of the Public and Historical Archive of Rio Claro (SP), highlighting the identification of photographic types of the Municipal Environment Department. For this purpose, in addition to a bibliographic survey, the constitution of the empirical object, the Municipal Environment Secretariat (SEMA), was presented. A diagnosis of documentary production was carried out by the team from the Public and Historical Archives of Rio Claro, with the elaboration of a Document Evaluation Form. With the survey of the agency's legislation and the data from the evaluation forms, it was possible to understand the functions and routines of the photographic documents. The photographs were inserted in the research instruments, but the complexity of identifying photographic documents in document production was found, as well as their management and recordkeeping methods for these documents within the scope of the Municipal Public Administration.
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., Effiyaldi, and Erni Murniarti. "ANALYSIS OF CONFIRMATORY FACTORS TO MEASURE PUBLIC TRUST IN THE POPULATION DOCUMENT SERVICE OF POPULATION DEPARTMENT OF JAMBI CITY." Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 7, no. 8 (August 17, 2020): 287–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.78.8854.
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This study aims to identify indicator variables that can measure organizational transparency variables, work discipline and service quality to public trust in administering residence documents of the Department of Population of Jambi City. The research used Confirmation Factor Analysis method. This study found that Chi-square, RMSEA, GFI, NFI, CFI, IFI, RMR models have moderate fit. This means that organizational transparency, work discipline and service quality affect public confidence in the demographic document service of Jambi residence. The results of this study can be used as a consideration and evaluation of demographic document services for the community for improvement and increased public confidence in the future.
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Harkins, Angela Kim. "The Emotional Re-Experiencing of the Hortatory Narratives Found in the Admonition of the Damascus Document." Dead Sea Discoveries 22, no. 3 (November 3, 2015): 285–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685179-12341363.
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This article proposes that the emotional re-experiencing of the hortatory narratives found in the Admonition section of the Damascus Document (cols. 1–8; 19–20) may have been instrumental in preparing the community for an optimal reception of the laws that follow. The sectarian’s imaginative and egocentric re-enactment of the negatively valenced emotions in these vignettes could have made foundational events of covenant re-making accessible with the vividness of first-hand experiences. The generation of self-diminishment that arises from re-experiencing these negative emotions could have staged an experience of God’s immediacy, thereby replicating the conditions of divine encounter associated with the covenantal reception of laws.
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Suneetha S. and Venugopal Reddy A. "MHLM Majority Voting Based Hybrid Learning Model for Multi-Document Summarization." International Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning 9, no. 1 (January 2019): 67–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijaiml.2019010104.
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Text summarization from multiple documents is an active research area in the current scenario as the data in the World Wide Web (WWW) is found in abundance. The text summarization process is time-consuming and hectic for the users to retrieve the relevant contents from this mass collection of the data. Numerous techniques have been proposed to provide the relevant information to the users in the form of the summary. Accordingly, this article presents the majority voting based hybrid learning model (MHLM) for multi-document summarization. First, the multiple documents are subjected to pre-processing, and the features, such as title-based, sentence length, numerical data and TF-IDF features are extracted for all the individual sentences of the document. Then, the feature set is sent to the proposed MHLM classifier, which includes the Support Vector Machine (SVM), K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), and Neural Network (NN) classifiers for evaluating the significance of the sentences present in the document. These classifiers provide the significance scores based on four features extracted from the sentences in the document. Then, the majority voting model decides the significant texts based on the significance scores and develops the summary for the user and thereby, reduces the redundancy, increasing the quality of the summary similar to the original document. The experiment performed with the DUC 2002 data set is used to analyze the effectiveness of the proposed MHLM that attains the precision and recall at a rate of 0.94, f-measure at a rate of 0.93, and ROUGE-1 at a rate of 0.6324.
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Xi, Yaoyi, Gang Chen, Bicheng Li, and Yongwang Tang. "Topic Evolution Analysis Based on Cluster Topic Model." Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics 20, no. 1 (January 19, 2016): 66–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jaciii.2016.p0066.
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Topic evolution analysis helps to understand how the topics evolve or develop along the timeline. Aiming at the problem that existing researches did not mine the latent semantic information in depth and needed to pre-determine the number of clusters, this paper proposes cluster topic model based method to analyze topic evolution analysis. Firstly, a new topic model, namely cluster topic model, is built to complete document clustering while mining latent semantic information. Secondly, events are detected according to the cluster label of each document and evolution relationship between any two events is identified based on the aspect distributions of documents. Finally, by choosing the representative document of each event, topic evolution graph is constructed to display the development of the topic along the timeline. Experiments are presented to show the performance of our proposed technique. It is found that our proposed technique outperforms the comparable techniques in previous work.
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Mamidala, Kishore Kumar, and Suresh Kumar Sanampudi. "A Novel Framework for Multi-Document Temporal Summarization (MDTS)." Emerging Science Journal 5, no. 2 (April 1, 2021): 184–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/esj-2021-01268.
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Internet or Web consists of a massive amount of information, handling which is a tedious task. Summarization plays a crucial role in extracting or abstracting key content from multiple sources with its meaning contained, thereby reducing the complexity in handling the information. Multi-document summarization gives the gist of the content collected from multiple documents. Temporal summarization concentrates on temporally related events. This paper proposes a Multi-Document Temporal Summarization (MDTS) technique that generates the summary based on temporally related events extracted from multiple documents. This technique extracts the events with the time stamp. TIMEML standards tags are used in extracting events and times. These event-times are stored in a structured database form for easier operations. Sentence ranking methods are build based on the frequency of events occurrences in the sentence. Sentence similarity measures are computed to eliminate the redundant sentences in an extracted summary. Depending on the required summary length, top-ranked sentences are selected to form the summary. Experiments are conducted on DUC 2006 and DUC 2007 data set that was released for multi-document summarization task. The extracted summaries are evaluated using ROUGE to determine precision, recall and F measure of generated summaries. The performance of the proposed method is compared with particle swarm optimization-based algorithm (PSOS), Cat swarm optimization-based summarization (CSOS), Cuckoo Search based multi-document summarization (MDSCSA). It is found that the performance of MDTS is better when compared with other methods. Doi: 10.28991/esj-2021-01268 Full Text: PDF
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Poonkuzhali, G., R. Kishore Kumar, R. Kripa Keshav, P. Sudhakar, and K. Sarukesi. "Correlation Based Method to Detect and Remove Redundant Web Document." Advanced Materials Research 171-172 (December 2010): 543–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.171-172.543.
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The enrichment of internet has resulted in the flooding of abundant information on WWW with more replicas. As the duplicated web pages increase the indexing space and time complexity, finding and removing these pages becomes significant for search engines and other likely system which will improve on accuracy of search results as well as search speed. Web content mining plays a vital role in resolving these aspects. Existing algorithm for web content mining focus attention on applying weightage to structured documents whereas in this research work, a mathematical approach based on linear correlation is developed to detect and remove the duplicates present in both structured and unstructured web document. In the proposed work, linear correlation between two web documents is found out. If the correlated value is 1 then the documents are said to be exactly redundant and it should be eliminated otherwise not redundant.
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Jue, Guo. "Western Han Funerary Relocation Documents and the Making of the Dead in Early Imperial China." Bamboo and Silk 2, no. 2 (April 9, 2019): 141–273. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24689246-00202001.
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In this first comprehensive study of what I call funerary “relocating-to-the-Underworld documents” (abbr. relocation documents), I analyze the ten known cases that have been excavated between 1973 and 2016 in southern China. Through the analytical lens of the making of the dead, I argue that this particular type of textual object found exclusively in Western Han tombs in the second and first centuries b.c.e. can be viewed as a material manifestation of the strategic negotiation between an omnipresent imperial state and its agentive imperial subjects at the intersection of bureaucratic authority and the creation of a desirable afterlife for the dead of the empire. There are three main objectives of the present study. First, I propose to designate these entombed objects as “relocation documents” (yi dixia shu 移地下書), highlighting their primary ritual function as to present and/or produce a desirable afterlife status for the deceased when they relocate to the Underworld. I argue that a typical funerary relocation document has two essential components: a “notification letter” (yiwen 移文) and “itemized details” (ximu 細目). In the current scholarship, the former has been called gaodice 告地策 (informing-the-Underworld document), and the latter qiance 遣策 (tomb inventory). They are conventionally considered to be two distinct and separate genres of text. Although qiance have been found alone in tombs, in the case of funerary relocation documents, I argue that they are integral to the complete package to fulfill its ritual function and that these two components should be considered together as a single document. Second, instead of characterizing these relocation documents collectively as a homogenous genre of text and identifying them as imperfect imitations of Han official documents, I emphasize their material nature as funerary objects and contextualize them as part of the funerary assemblage for burial. I analyze their structural composition—both physical and textual—and situate them in the context of their production and entombment in relation to the deceased as well as the broader social-historical conditions shared by the local community of which the dead was a part. The detailed case studies of the relocation documents, on the one hand, expectedly confirm a wide and deep penetration of the state power into the fabric of the Han society, in life and in death, through the institutions of household registration and the 20-rank system; on the other hand, they also reveal the much less understood side of imperial control, that the lesser elite and the ordinary subjects of the empire were not passive receivers. Rather, they were informed about and understood the authority embedded in state institutions and bureaucratic procedures to the extent that they knew how to “work the system” to their own advantage with regard to the afterlife. Third, although each relocation document exhibits notable individual, even idiosyncratic, characteristics, the fact that nine of the ten known specimens were found in close geographical and temporal proximity to one another in the greater Han Jiangling 江陵 region in present-day Hubei strongly indicates that Jiangling was the center for the practice of interring funerary relocation document in burials. Evidence also suggests that there was likely a regional funerary tradition and economy enabling and supporting their production and circulation among other funerary objects such as tomb figurines. A fully annotated translation of the eight published cases of funerary relocation documents is included in the Appendix.
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Puri, Shalini, and Satya Prakash Singh. "Hindi Text Document Classification System Using SVM and Fuzzy." International Journal of Rough Sets and Data Analysis 5, no. 4 (October 2018): 1–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijrsda.2018100101.
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In recent years, many information retrieval, character recognition, and feature extraction methodologies in Devanagari and especially in Hindi have been proposed for different domain areas. Due to enormous scanned data availability and to provide an advanced improvement of existing Hindi automated systems beyond optical character recognition, a new idea of Hindi printed and handwritten document classification system using support vector machine and fuzzy logic is introduced. This first pre-processes and then classifies textual imaged documents into predefined categories. With this concept, this article depicts a feasibility study of such systems with the relevance of Hindi, a survey report of statistical measurements of Hindi keywords obtained from different sources, and the inherent challenges found in printed and handwritten documents. The technical reviews are provided and graphically represented to compare many parameters and estimate contents, forms and classifiers used in various existing techniques.
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Lassen, Inger. "Stylistic dilemmas in document design." Document Design 3, no. 1 (March 25, 2002): 32–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/dd.3.1.06las.
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In technical discourse, the majority of texts are found to be accessible only to a specialist audience, and the feeling is prevalent with some technical genres that they would lose their generic integrity if part of their complexity was removed, since such a change would jeopardize the acceptability of the texts. Technical translators, on the other hand, often feel a strong need to simplify conventional technical writing style, which by convention has a high frequency of passives, nominalizations, nonfinite clauses and compound noun clusters, and omits some definite articles. Halliday (1994) and Halliday and Matthiessen (1999) have referred to some of these configurations (nominalizations, nominal groups, and nonfinite clauses) as grammatical metaphor (GM). Following Halliday’s argumentation, I have suggested an extension of the GM range to also include the passive and definite article omission (see, for example, Lassen, 1997, pp. 67–83), making possible a discussion of the characteristic stylistic features in technical discourse under the umbrella term GM. This article discusses the stylistic dilemmas involved in negotiating between the two conflicting aims of observing genre conventions and facilitating comprehen- sion. The empirical basis of the discussion is a survey in which the attitudes of different audiences to text accessibility and acceptability were investigated by means of a questionnaire distributed to a variety of professional groupings, including technical writers, translators, engi- neers, and technical language instructors, as well as a nonspecialist group of respondents with mixed occupations who were unfamiliar with technical writing style. The respondents were encouraged to state their attitudes to accessibility and acceptability on the basis of three text versions. One version was an original text, the second a text from which the grammatical metaphors had been removed, and the third was a version with short sentences.
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Longo, Bernadette, Craig Weinert, and T. Kenny Fountain. "Implementation of Medical Research Findings through Insulin Protocols: Initial Findings from an Ongoing Study of Document Design and Visual Display." Journal of Technical Writing and Communication 37, no. 4 (October 2007): 435–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/v986-k02v-519t-721j.
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Medical personnel in hospital intensive care units routinely rely on protocols to deliver some types of patient care. These protocol documents are developed by hospital physicians and staff to ensure that standards of care are followed. Thus, the protocol document becomes a de facto standing order, standing in for the physician's judgment in routine situations. This article reports findings from Phase I of an ongoing study exploring how insulin protocols are designed and used in intensive care units to transfer medical research findings into patient care “best practices.” We developed a taxonomy of document design elements and analyzed 29 insulin protocols to determine their use of these elements. We found that 93% of the protocols used tables to communicate procedures for measuring glucose levels and administering insulin. We further found that the protocols did not adhere well to principles for designing instructions and hypothesized that this finding reflected different purposes for instructions (training) and protocols (standardizing practice).
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Lih, Lars T. "How a Founding Document Was Found, or One Hundred Years of Lenin's What is to Be Done?" Kritika: Explorations in Russian and Eurasian History 4, no. 1 (2003): 5–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/kri.2003.0008.
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Ohry-Kossoy, Karin, and Agnieszka Haska. "Lista Soni Wajselfisz [Karin Ohry Lista Soni; Agnieszka Haska, „Setki znajomych osób”. Lista z Bergen-Belsen]." Zagłada Żydów. Studia i Materiały, no. 12 (December 3, 2016): 298–318. http://dx.doi.org/10.32927/zzsim.419.
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Sonia Wajselfisz (1911–1999) in 1943 was deported from the Warsaw ghetto to the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp; thanks to the so-called Palestinian certificate obtained through the Hotel Polski, people managed to survive the war. Many people in the hotel at Długa 29 Street bought documents issued by South American countries, were not so lucky; on 21 October 1943, 17 May, and 23 May 1944 they were transported to Auschwitz and died there. After the war, Sonia wrote down the names she could recall; the list, found after many years, is a unique document, so one can identify at least part of more than two hundred people from these transports. The article presents a biography of Sonia, and an analysis of the document she drew up.
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Zhang, Li Li, Jian Feng Cheng, Jin Liang An, Shuang Feng Wei, and Ji Ping Jiang. "The Current Study of China’s IT-Based Instructional Design." Advanced Materials Research 271-273 (July 2011): 1528–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.271-273.1528.
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This document studied the papers in 2001-2010 for finding the hot spots and weak spots. By using content analysis method, this document found the characteristics of the research by analysising research content, research methods and the author’s affiliation, such as the study of concrete discipline design in classroom is the hot sport. The document also found the weak spots of the study, all these will provide for the follow-up study of theories.
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Aziz, M. N., and S. R. Maliha. "Identifying different challenges of online business using document analysis." International Journal of Business Management and Social Research 9, no. 2 (2020): 523–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.18801/ijbmsr.090220.54.
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The main focus of this study was to find out the different online business challenges in different scenarios. Documents analysis was used as the data collection method. This study exhibits a qualitative analysis and includes challenges on different aspects of e-businesses in South Asia and the European Union. The delivery problem, security concern, tax issue, legal issue, technological issue, consumer personality, trust issue, cultural diversity, etc. have been found as the challenges for e-business in South Asia. Different currencies, trust issues, different payment gateways, language issues, tax compliance, different marketing content, increased competition, etc. have been found as the challenges for e-business in the European Union.
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Goibov, Bobur S., and Azizbek Y. Kholikulov. "ON THE FINANCIAL SYSTEM IN SUGHD(based on publications of Sogdian written monuments)." JOURNAL OF LOOK TO THE PAST 4, no. 1 (January 30, 2021): 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.26739/2181-9599-2021-1-3.
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The article examines the centuries-old history of Uzbek statehood, the statehood of the region in antiquity, discusses issues such as money circulation, economic situation, financial issues, prices, coinage in Sughd in the early Middle Ages. An important source in this regard are the Sogdian documents of the Mogh Mountains, which provide information about the early Middle Ages. The views are analyzed on the basis of the Sogdian document editions cited in the Sogdian documents found in 1932-1933.Index Terms: Sogdian confederation, mug mountain, monetary relations, units of measurement, stamp management, land relations
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Kang, Ah, Young-Seob Jeong, Se Kim, and Jiyoung Woo. "Malicious PDF Detection Model against Adversarial Attack Built from Benign PDF Containing JavaScript." Applied Sciences 9, no. 22 (November 8, 2019): 4764. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9224764.
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Intelligent attacks using document-based malware that exploit vulnerabilities in document viewing software programs or document file structure are increasing rapidly. There are many cases of using PDF (portable document format) in proportion to its usage. We provide in-depth analysis on PDF structure and JavaScript content embedded in PDFs. Then, we develop the diverse feature set encompassing the structure and metadata such as file size, version, encoding method and keywords, and the content features such as object names, keywords, and readable strings in JavaScript. When features are diverse, it is hard to develop adversarial examples because small changes are robust for machine-learning algorithms. We develop a detection model using black-box type models with the structure and content features to minimize the risk of adversarial attacks. To validate the proposed model, we design the adversarial attack. We collect benign documents containing multiple JavaScript codes for the base of adversarial samples. We build the adversarial samples by injecting the malware codes into base samples. The proposed model is evaluated against a large collection of malicious and benign PDFs. We found that random forest, an ensemble algorithm of a decision tree, exhibits a good performance on malware detection and is robust for adversarial samples.
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Wicaksono, Donny Bhaskara, and Erly Wahyuni. "AN ANALYSIS OF THE STRATEGIES USED IN TRANSLATING IDIOMS IN INDONESIA INTO ENGLISH FOUND IN INDONESIAN LEGENDS." A Journal of Culture English Language Teaching Literature & Linguistics 3, no. 1 (June 8, 2018): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.22219/celticumm.vol3.no1.45-55.
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In this global era, due to the growth of science, information, technology, and other people needs, translation becomes necessary in rendering information between languages. However, the process of translating is not as simple as switching the meaning of word for word based on the literal context.Idioms are one of the most problematical components of language. Idioms cannot be easily translated because of their unpredictable meaning and grammar. The purpose of this study is to find out; (1) the idiomatic expressions which are found in Indonesian Legends, (2) the meaning of the idiomatic expressions found in Indonesian Legends, and (3) the various strategies which are used in translating idioms in Indonesia into English found in Indonesian Legends.The descriptive qualitative research design, in the form of document analysis, was employed in this study. The instruments to collect the data were documents and expert opinion. Moreover, the documents consisted of the Bahasa Indonesia (Source Text) and English (Target Text) translation versions of five Indonesian Legends, namely; Batu Kuwung, Batu Menangis, Gunung Merapi, Tangkuban Perahu and Candi Prambanan. This study revealed that idiomatic expression translation strategy by paraphrasingwas the most dominant strategy used by the translator in translating the idiomatic expressions found in five Indonesian Legends (eleven out of eighteen cases). Meanwhile, the second most common strategy was translating by omission (six out of eighteen cases). The last was the strategy of using an idiom of similar meaning and form which only one out of eighteen cases. Thus, it can be concluded that the translator only applied three strategies out of the main five strategies of translating idiomatic expression suggested by Baker.
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Wicaksono, Donny Bhaskara, and Erly Wahyuni. "AN ANALYSIS OF THE STRATEGIES USED IN TRANSLATING IDIOMS IN INDONESIA INTO ENGLISH FOUND IN INDONESIAN LEGENDS." Celtic: A Journal of Culture, English Language Teaching, Literature and Linguistics 3, no. 1 (June 8, 2018): 45–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.22219/celtic.v3i1.7858.
Full textAbstract:
In this global era, due to the growth of science, information, technology, and other people needs, translation becomes necessary in rendering information between languages. However, the process of translating is not as simple as switching the meaning of word for word based on the literal context.Idioms are one of the most problematical components of language. Idioms cannot be easily translated because of their unpredictable meaning and grammar. The purpose of this study is to find out; (1) the idiomatic expressions which are found in Indonesian Legends, (2) the meaning of the idiomatic expressions found in Indonesian Legends, and (3) the various strategies which are used in translating idioms in Indonesia into English found in Indonesian Legends.The descriptive qualitative research design, in the form of document analysis, was employed in this study. The instruments to collect the data were documents and expert opinion. Moreover, the documents consisted of the Bahasa Indonesia (Source Text) and English (Target Text) translation versions of five Indonesian Legends, namely; Batu Kuwung, Batu Menangis, Gunung Merapi, Tangkuban Perahu and Candi Prambanan. This study revealed that idiomatic expression translation strategy by paraphrasingwas the most dominant strategy used by the translator in translating the idiomatic expressions found in five Indonesian Legends (eleven out of eighteen cases). Meanwhile, the second most common strategy was translating by omission (six out of eighteen cases). The last was the strategy of using an idiom of similar meaning and form which only one out of eighteen cases. Thus, it can be concluded that the translator only applied three strategies out of the main five strategies of translating idiomatic expression suggested by Baker.
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Dillak, Rocky Yefrenes, Folkes Laumal, and Ledy Jen Kadja. "SISTEM DETEKSI DINI PLAGIARISME TUGAS AKHIR MAHASISWA MENGGUNAKAN ALGORITMA NGRAMS DAN WINNOWING." Jurnal Ilmiah Flash 2, no. 1 (June 13, 2016): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.32511/jiflash.v2i1.19.
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The problem of plagiarism has been widely found in the various area of academic research. It became more complicated when the resources used were taken from a different language with a suspicious document. The aim of this paper is to develop a system that can be used as early warning system in plagiarism detection. The method work as follows: do some preprocessing steps, such as: removing punctuation, removing numbers, removing stopwords, removing repeated words, and doing a process called lemmatization of words. The next process is to extract its characteristic features using improved n-Gram method and the last step is to compare the content from translated document against downloaded documents. Based on experiments, the result is indicated that the method can be used as an early warning system for plagiarism detection.
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Iwamony, Rachel. "From Exclusivism to Pluralism: Shifting Perspective of the Gereja Protestan Maluku (GPM) in Interreligious Relations." Wawasan: Jurnal Ilmiah Agama dan Sosial Budaya 4, no. 2 (December 31, 2019): 117–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.15575/jw.v4i2.4829.
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This article aims to find out and describe the shifting position of the GPM (Gereja Protestan Maluku) as to other religions, especially Islam. Through library research towards some important documents of the GPM, the researcher found out the development of theological perspectives of the GPM which are fundamental and important for the GPM in understanding other religions. In studying these documents, this study discovered that the position of the GPM as to other religions before the social conflict in 1999 and 2004 are differ significantly to that of after the social conflict. In the document of PIP/RIPP in the period of 1995 to 2005, before the social conflict, they described clearly that the GPM recognizes other religions as the object of its mission. In contrast, in the same document of the period of 2005 to 2015, after the social conflict, they state that the GPM embraces other religions as its partner. Even in the newest document of Ajaran Gereja GPM, they state that God in Jesus Christ is the Savior of all human beings without religious categories. These theological notions have a significant impact on the GPM in shaping its relation with other religions. Not only the theological normative notion, but also the cultural perspectives such as Pela have opened the possibility for the Moluccan Moslems and Christians to coexist as brothers and sisters.
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Crișan, Alexandru-Marius. "Ecclesiological Tendencies in the Ecumenical Approach of the Council of Crete." Review of Ecumenical Studies Sibiu 12, no. 1 (April 1, 2020): 60–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ress-2020-0004.
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AbstractThe Ecumenical legacy of the Council of Crete convened in 2016 is extremely important because of the consistent discussions on this topic during the grounding of the Council, but mostly subsequent to that, when the process of reception of the Council began. The Holy and Great Council of Crete of 2016, known also as the Pan-Orthodox Council, issued six official documents plus a Message and an Encyclical. Among those documents, one is dedicated to the question of ecumenical relations. Inside various Orthodox Autocephalous Churches different groups denounced the Council because of its ecumenical approach, meaning that a good understanding of the ecumenical legacy of the Council of Crete is one of the most important keys in its reception. In this study I will try to inspect the ecclesiological theology found in the Document on Ecumenical Relations released in 2016 by the Council of Crete, thereby analyzing why some of the groups rejected this document. Comparing different forms of the documents with the final approved form will help us understand how the Orthodox approach to ecumenism evolved in time, since the beginning of the preparations for the Holy and Great Council of the Orthodox Church.
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Maes-Carballo, Marta, Yolanda Gómez-Fandiño, Carlos Roberto Estrada-López, Ayla Reinoso-Hermida, Khalid Saeed Khan, Manuel Martín-Díaz, and Aurora Bueno-Cavanillas. "Breast Cancer Care Quality Indicators in Spain: A Systematic Review." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 12 (June 13, 2021): 6411. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18126411.
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Breast cancer (BC) management care requires an increment in quality. An initiative to improve the BC quality care is registered, and quality indicators (QIs) are studied. We appraised the appearance of QIs and their standards systematically in Spain. A prospective systematic search (Prospero no: CRD42021228867) for clinical pathways and integrated breast cancer care processes was conducted through databases and the World Wide Web in February 2021. Duplicate data extraction was performed with 98% reviewer agreement. Seventy-four QIs (QI per document mean: 11; standard deviation: 10.59) were found in 15 documents. The Catalonian document had the highest number of QIs (n = 30). No QI appeared in all the documents. There were 9/74 QIs covering structure (12.16%), 53/74 covering process (71.62%), and 12/74 covering outcome (16.22%). A total of 22/66 (33.33%) process and outcome QIs did not set a minimum standard of care. QIs related to primary care, patient satisfaction, and shared decision making were deficient. Most of the documents established a BC QI standard for compliance, but the high variability hinders the comparison of outcomes. Establishing a consensus-based set of QIs needs urgent attention.
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Xu, Xiu Fang, Sen Xu, and Tian Zhou. "An Improved Spectral Clustering Algorithm Using Minimum Maximum Principle." Applied Mechanics and Materials 182-183 (June 2012): 1881–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.182-183.1881.
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In this paper a novel document clustering spectral algorithm is proposed, which uses a minimum maximum principle. Firstly the low dimensional embedding of documents is attained by eigenvalue decomposition, and then a minimum maximum principle is used to get the initial seeds for k-means algorithm. Finally, K-means algorithm is performed to get the clustering results. Experimental results show that the clustering results found by this method is better than traditional clustering algorithm.
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Biber, Douglas, Jesse Egbert, and Mark Davies. "Exploring the composition of the searchable web: a corpus-based taxonomy of web registers." Corpora 10, no. 1 (April 2015): 11–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/cor.2015.0065.
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One major challenge for Web-As-Corpus research is that a typical Web search provides little information about the register of the documents that are searched. Previous research has attempted to address this problem (e.g., through the Automatic Genre Identification initiative), but with only limited success. As a result, we currently know surprisingly little about the distribution of registers on the web. In this study, we tackle this problem through a bottom-up user-based investigation of a large, representative corpus of web documents. We base our investigation on a much larger corpus than those used in previous research (48,571 web documents), and obtained through random sampling from across the full range of documents that are publically available on the searchable web. Instead of relying on individual expert coders, we recruit typical end-users of the Web for register coding, with each document in the corpus coded by four different raters. End-users identify basic situational characteristics of each web document, coded in a hierarchical manner. Those situational characteristics lead to general register categories, which eventually lead to lists of specific sub-registers. By working through a hierarchical decision tree, users are able to identify the register category of most Internet texts with a high degree of reliability. After summarising our methodological approach, this paper documents the register composition of the searchable web. Narrative registers are found to be the most prevalent, while Opinion and Informational Description/Explanation registers are also found to be extremely common. One of the major innovations of the approach adopted here is that it permits an empirical identification of ‘hybrid’ documents, which integrate characteristics from multiple general register categories (e.g., opinionated-narrative). These patterns are described and illustrated through sample Internet documents.
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LU, YUE, and CHEW LIM TAN. "CHINESE WORD SEARCHING IN IMAGED DOCUMENTS." International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 18, no. 02 (March 2004): 229–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218001404003137.
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An approach to searching for user-specified words in imaged Chinese documents, without the requirements of layout analysis and OCR processing of the entire documents, is proposed in this paper. A small number of Chinese characters that cannot be successfully bounded using connected component analysis due to larger gaps between elements within the characters are blacklisted. A suitable character that is not included in the blacklist is chosen from the user-specified word as the initial character to search for a matching candidate in the document. Once a matched candidate is found, the adjacent characters in the horizontal and vertical directions are examined for matching with other corresponding characters in the user-specified word, subject to the constraints of alignment (either horizontal or vertical direction) and size similarity. A weighted Hausdorff distance is proposed for the character matching. Experimental results show that the present method can effectively search the user-specified Chinese words from the document images with the format of either horizontal or vertical text lines, or both appearing on the same image.
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Blasco-Lopez, Hausler, Romero-Lopez, Glaus, and Diaz-Sobac. "Exploring Whether Data Can be Represented as a Composite Unit in Form Processing Using the Manufacturing of Information Approach." Information 10, no. 5 (April 26, 2019): 156. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info10050156.
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Data and information quality have been recognized as essential components for improving business efficiency. One approach for the assessment of information quality (IQ) is the manufacturing of information (MI). So far, research using this approach has considered a whole document as one indivisible block, which allows document evaluation only at a general level. However, the data inside the documents can be represented as components, which can further be classified according to content and composition. In this paper, we propose a novel model to explore the effectiveness of representing data as a composite unit, rather than indivisible blocks. The input data sufficiency and the relevance of the information output are evaluated in the example of analyzing an administrative form. We found that the new streamlined form proposed resulted in a 15% improvement in IQ. Additionally, we found the relationship between the data quantity and IQ was not a “simple” correlation, as IQ may increase without a corresponding increase in data quantity. We conclude that our study shows that the representation of data as a composite unit is a determining factor in IQ assessment.
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Goswami, Mausumi, and B. S. Purkayastha. "An Empirical Analysis of Preprocessing Tasks for Unstructured Data." Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience 17, no. 9 (July 1, 2020): 4380–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jctn.2020.9081.
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Nowadays computing systems are able to learn, reason, hear and see. Enormous amount of new opportunities are created by artificial Intelligence. Artificial Intelligence has given two promising technologies. One such technology is NLP. Text Mining is also a promising area. These technologies enable and empower users to transform/map the key content in texts lying in documents into quantitative insight or to draw conclusion. Document Classification using supervised and unsupervised learning has a huge list of applications. Soft computing techniques like fuzzy logic helps to find a practical solution. This work proposes a methodology which is found to be significant while clustering unstructured data. The empirical analysis is included to demonstrate the improvement in document representation by using sparsification. Experiments are conducted on 5500 emails. Proposed methodology showed a significant improvement in representation of unstructured data.
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Anderson-Zorn, April Karlene. "Digging Up the Past: Archival Issues with Found Time Capsules at Illinois State University." American Archivist 82, no. 2 (September 2019): 548–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.17723/aarc-82-02-06.
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During the demolition of an Illinois State University dormitory in the spring of 2016, workers discovered two time capsules. Tasked with their care, the university archivist looked for archival guidance on the safe handling of time capsules, best practices for working with their contents while balancing public demand for access. This case study examines the time capsule as an object of collective memory, how it fits into an institutional collection, the archivist's work to document and recover materials in two recently discovered time capsules, and how to work with multiple institutional departments to make them accessible. It suggests best practices for time capsule discoveries and outreach.
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Friberg, Niklas, Oscar Ljungberg, Erik Berglund, David Berglund, Richard Ljungberg, Irina Alafuzoff, and Elisabet Englund. "Cause of death and significant disease found at autopsy." Virchows Archiv 475, no. 6 (November 5, 2019): 781–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00428-019-02672-z.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The use of clinical autopsy has been in decline for many years throughout healthcare systems of developed countries despite studies showing substantial discrepancies between autopsy results and pre-mortal clinical diagnoses. We conducted a study to evaluate over time the use and results of clinical autopsies in Sweden. We reviewed the autopsy reports and autopsy referrals of 2410 adult (age > 17) deceased patients referred to two University hospitals in Sweden during two plus two years, a decade apart. There was a decline in the number of autopsies performed over time, however, mainly in one of the two hospitals. The proportion of autopsy referrals from the emergency department increased from 9 to 16%, while the proportion of referrals from regular hospital wards was almost halved. The autopsies revealed a high prevalence of cardiovascular disease, with myocardial infarction and cerebrovascular lesion found in 40% and 19% of all cases, respectively. In a large proportion of cases (> 30%), significant findings of disease were not anticipated before autopsy, as judged from the referral document and additional data obtained in some but not all cases. In accordance with previous research, our study confirms a declining rate of autopsy even at tertiary, academic hospitals and points out factors possibly involved in the decline.