Relevant bibliographies by topics / DNA; Chromosomes

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'DNA; Chromosomes'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 4 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "DNA; Chromosomes"

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Csonka, E., I. Cserpan, K. Fodor, G. Hollo, R. Katona, J. Kereso, T. Praznovszky, et al. "Novel generation of human satellite DNA-based artificial chromosomes in mammalian cells." Journal of Cell Science 113, no. 18 (September 15, 2000): 3207–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.113.18.3207.

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An in vivo approach has been developed for generation of artificial chromosomes, based on the induction of intrinsic, large-scale amplification mechanisms of mammalian cells. Here, we describe the successful generation of prototype human satellite DNA-based artificial chromosomes via amplification-dependent de novo chromosome formations induced by integration of exogenous DNA sequences into the centromeric/rDNA regions of human acrocentric chromosomes. Subclones with mitotically stable de novo chromosomes were established, which allowed the initial characterization and purification of these artificial chromosomes. Because of the low complexity of their DNA content, they may serve as a useful tool to study the structure and function of higher eukaryotic chromosomes. Human satellite DNA-based artificial chromosomes containing amplified satellite DNA, rDNA, and exogenous DNA sequences were heterochromatic, however, they provided a suitable chromosomal environment for the expression of the integrated exogenous genetic material. We demonstrate that induced de novo chromosome formation is a reproducible and effective methodology in generating artificial chromosomes from predictable sequences of different mammalian species. Satellite DNA-based artificial chromosomes formed by induced large-scale amplifications on the short arm of human acrocentric chromosomes may become safe or low risk vectors in gene therapy.
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Spell, R. M., and C. Holm. "Nature and distribution of chromosomal intertwinings in Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Molecular and Cellular Biology 14, no. 2 (February 1994): 1465–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.14.2.1465.

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To elucidate yeast chromosome structure and behavior, we examined the breakage of entangled chromosomes in DNA topoisomerase II mutants by hybridization to chromosomal DNA resolved by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Our study reveals that large and small chromosomes differ in the nature and distribution of their intertwinings. Probes to large chromosomes (450 kb or larger) detect chromosome breakage, but probes to small chromosomes (380 kb or smaller) reveal no breakage products. Examination of chromosomes with one small arm and one large arm suggests that the two arms behave independently. The acrocentric chromosome XIV breaks only on the long arm, and its preferred region of breakage is approximately 200 kb from the centromere. When the centromere of chromosome XIV is relocated, the preferred region of breakage shifts accordingly. These results suggest that large chromosomes break because they have long arms and small chromosomes do not break because they have small arms. Indeed, a small metacentric chromosome can be made to break if it is rearranged to form a telocentric chromosome with one long arm or a ring with an "infinitely" long arm. These results suggest a model of chromosomal intertwining in which the length of the chromosome arm prevents intertwinings from passively resolving off the end of the arm during chromosome segregation.
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Spell, R. M., and C. Holm. "Nature and distribution of chromosomal intertwinings in Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Molecular and Cellular Biology 14, no. 2 (February 1994): 1465–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.14.2.1465-1476.1994.

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To elucidate yeast chromosome structure and behavior, we examined the breakage of entangled chromosomes in DNA topoisomerase II mutants by hybridization to chromosomal DNA resolved by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Our study reveals that large and small chromosomes differ in the nature and distribution of their intertwinings. Probes to large chromosomes (450 kb or larger) detect chromosome breakage, but probes to small chromosomes (380 kb or smaller) reveal no breakage products. Examination of chromosomes with one small arm and one large arm suggests that the two arms behave independently. The acrocentric chromosome XIV breaks only on the long arm, and its preferred region of breakage is approximately 200 kb from the centromere. When the centromere of chromosome XIV is relocated, the preferred region of breakage shifts accordingly. These results suggest that large chromosomes break because they have long arms and small chromosomes do not break because they have small arms. Indeed, a small metacentric chromosome can be made to break if it is rearranged to form a telocentric chromosome with one long arm or a ring with an "infinitely" long arm. These results suggest a model of chromosomal intertwining in which the length of the chromosome arm prevents intertwinings from passively resolving off the end of the arm during chromosome segregation.
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Zadesenets, K. S., and N. B. Rubtsov. "Regions enriched for DNA repeats in chromosomes of Macrostomum mirumnovem, a species with a recent Whole Genome Duplication." Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding 24, no. 6 (October 28, 2020): 636–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.18699/vj20.657.

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The free-living flatworm Macrostomum mirumnovem is a neopolyploid species whose genome underwent a recent Whole Genome Duplication (WGD). In the result of chromosome fusions of the ancient haploid chromosome set, large metacentric chromosomes were formed. In addition to three pairs of small metacentrics, the current karyotype of M. mirumnovem contains two pairs of large metacentric chromosomes, MMI1 and MMI2. The generation of microdissected DNA libraries enriched for DNA repeats followed by DNA probe preparation and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) were performed. The DNA probes obtained marked chromosome regions enriched for different DNA repeats in the M. mirumnovem chromosomes. The size and localization of these regions varied in different copies of large chromosomes. They varied even in homologous chromosomes, suggesting their divergence due to genome re-diploidization after a WGD. Besides the newly formed chromosome regions enriched for DNA repeats, B chromosomes were found in the karyotypes of the studied specimens of M. mirumnovem. These B chromosomes varied in size and morphology. FISH with microdissected DNA probes revealed that some Bs had a distinct DNA content. FISH could paint differently B chromosomes in different worms and even in the same sample. B chromosomes could carry a bright specific fluorescent signal or could show no fluorescent signal at all. In latter cases, the specific FISH signal could be absent even in the pericentromeric region of the B chromosome. Possible mechanisms of B chromosome formation and their further evolution are discussed. The results obtained indicate an important role that repetitive DNAs play in genome re-diploidization initiating a rapid differentiation of large chromosome copies. Taking together, karyotype peculiarities (a high level of intraspecific karyotypic diversity associated with chromosome number variation, structural chromosomal rearrangements, and the formation of new regions enriched for DNA repeats) and some phenotypic features of M. mirumnovem (small body size, short lifecycle, easy maintenance in the laboratory) make this species a perspective model in the studies of genomic and karyotypic evolution in species passed through a recent WGD event.
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Willhoeft, Ute, Jutta Mueller-Navia, and Gerald Franz. "Analysis of the sex chromosomes of the Mediterranean fruit fly by microdissected DNA probes." Genome 41, no. 1 (February 1, 1998): 74–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g97-102.

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In the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata, the sex-determining region maps to the long arm of the Y chromosome. DNA from this region of the Y chromosome and, for comparison, from the tip of the long arm of the X chromosome, was isolated by microdissection and amplified by degenerate oligonucleotide primer PCR (DOP-PCR). FISH of the Y-chromosomal microdissection products medY1-medY5 to mitotic chromosomes revealed hybridization signals on most of the long arm of the Y chromosome, including the male-determining region, and on the long arm of the X chromosome, as well as weaker signals on the autosomes, some of which were located in the heterochromatin next to the centromeres. The X-chromosomal microdissected probe medX1 revealed strong signals on the sex chromosomes and randomly distributed signals on the autosomes. Chromosomal in situ suppression hybridization indicates that the Y chromosome contains considerable amounts of Y-enriched and Y-specific sequences and that X-enriched sequences are present on the long arm of the X chromosome. The microdissected probes medY1, medY2, and medX1 hybridize to the sex chromosomes of two closely related species,Ceratitis rosa and Trirhithrum coffeae.
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Rovatsos, Michail, Juan Alberto Marchal, Eva Giagia-Athanasopoulou, and Antonio Sánchez. "Molecular Composition of Heterochromatin and Its Contribution to Chromosome Variation in the Microtus thomasi/Microtus atticus Species Complex." Genes 12, no. 6 (May 25, 2021): 807. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes12060807.

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The voles of the Microtus thomasi/M. atticus species complex demonstrate a remarkable variability in diploid chromosomal number (2n = 38–44 chromosomes) and sex chromosome morphology. In the current study, we examined by in situ hybridization the topology of four satellite DNA motifs (Msat-160, Mth-Alu900, Mth-Alu2.2, TTAGGG telomeric sequences) and two transposons (LINE, SINE) on the karyotypes of nine chromosome races (i.e., populations with unique cytogenetic traits) of Microtus thomasi, and two chromosomal races of M. atticus. According to the topology of the repetitive DNA motifs, we were able to identify six types of biarmed chromosomes formed from either Robertsonian or/and tandem fusions. In addition, we identified 14 X chromosome variants and 12 Y chromosome variants, and we were able to reconstruct their evolutionary relations, caused mainly by distinct mechanisms of amplification of repetitive DNA elements, including the telomeric sequences. Our study used the model of the Microtus thomasi/M. atticus species complex to explore how repetitive centromeric content can alter from chromosomal rearrangements and can shape the morphology of sex chromosomes, resulting in extensive inter-species cytogenetic variability.
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Scutt, Charles P., Yasuko Kamisugi, Philip M. Gilmartin, and Fukumi Sakai. "Laser isolation of plant sex chromosomes: studies on the DNA composition of the X and Y sex chromosomes of Silene latifolia." Genome 40, no. 5 (October 1, 1997): 705–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g97-793.

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X and Y sex chromosomes from the dioecious plant Silene latifolia (white campion) were isolated from mitotic metaphase chromosome preparations on polyester membranes. Autosomes were ablated using an argon ion laser microbeam and isolated sex chromosomes were then recovered on excised fragments of polyester membrane. Sex chromosome associated DNA sequences were amplified using the degenerate oligonucleotide primed polymerase chain reaction (DOP–PCR) and pools of DOP–PCR products were used to investigate the genomic organization of the S. latifolia sex chromosomes. The chromosomal locations of cloned sex chromosome repeat sequences were analysed by fluorescence in situ hybridization and data complementary to laser ablation studies were obtained by genomic in situ hybridization. In combination, these studies demonstrate that the X and Y sex chromosomes of S. latifolia are of very similar DNA composition and also that they share a significant repetitive DNA content with the autosomes. The evolution of sex chromosomes in Silene is discussed and compared with that in another dioecious species, Rumex acetosa.Key words: FISH, GISH, laser-microdissection, sex chromosome, Silene latifolia.
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Dvořák, J., H. B. Zhang, R. S. Kota, and M. Lassner. "Organization and evolution of the 5S ribosomal RNA gene family in wheat and related species." Genome 32, no. 6 (December 1, 1989): 1003–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g89-545.

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Variation in restriction fragments in nullisomic–tetrasomic and ditelosomic lines of Triticum aestivum 'Chinese Spring' and disomic and ditelosomic substitutions of chromosomes of diploid species Lophopyrum elongatum, T. monococcum ssp. aegilopoides, T. tauschii, and T. umbellulatum for 'Chinese Spring' chromosomes were used to identify chromosomal loci of 5S rRNA genes (5S DNA) in wheat and related species. These loci are on wheat chromosome arms 1BS, 1DS, 5AS, 5BS, and tentatively 5DS, T. m. aegilopoides chromosomes 1A and 5A, T. tauschii chromosomes 1D and 5D, and T. umbellulatum chromosome 5U. In diploid L. elongatum a locus was detected on chromosome arm 1ES. In most genomes, the locus on chromosome 1 contains 5S DNA subfamily with short spacers and the locus on chromosome 5 contains 5S DNA subfamily with long spacers. Only a few genomes were found to be potential exceptions to this rule. Concerted evolution of the 5S DNA loci was examined in several genomes. It appeared that homogenization of spacers occurs predominantly within a locus. A scenario of the evolution of polyploid wheats and relationships among diploid species in Triticum are proposed from the observed variation among 5S DNA loci.Key words: Triticum, Lophopyrum, gene mapping, concerted evolution, wheat evolution, DNA methylation.
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Iannucci, Alessio, Marie Altmanová, Claudio Ciofi, Malcolm Ferguson-Smith, Jorge C. Pereira, Ivan Rehák, Roscoe Stanyon, et al. "Isolating Chromosomes of the Komodo Dragon: New Tools for Comparative Mapping and Sequence Assembly." Cytogenetic and Genome Research 157, no. 1-2 (2019): 123–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000496171.

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We developed new tools to build a high-quality chromosomal map of the Komodo dragon (Varanus komodoensis) available for cross-species phylogenomic analyses. First, we isolated chromosomes by flow sorting and determined the chromosome content of each flow karyotype peak by FISH. We then isolated additional Komodo dragon chromosomes by microdissection and amplified chromosome-specific DNA pools. The chromosome-specific DNA pools can be sequenced, assembled, and mapped by next-generation sequencing technology. The chromosome-specific paint probes can be used to investigate karyotype evolution through cross-species chromosome painting. Overall, the set of chromosome-specific DNA pools of V. komodoensis provides new tools for detailed phylogenomic analyses of Varanidae and squamates in general.
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Gottesdiener, K., J. Garciá-Anoveros, M. G. Lee, and L. H. Van der Ploeg. "Chromosome organization of the protozoan Trypanosoma brucei." Molecular and Cellular Biology 10, no. 11 (November 1990): 6079–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.10.11.6079.

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The genome of the protozoan Trypanosoma brucei is known to be diploid. Karyotype analysis has, however, failed to identify homologous chromosomes. Having refined the technique for separating trypanosome chromosomes (L. H. T. Van der Ploeg, C. L. Smith, R. I. Polvere, and K. Gottesdiener, Nucleic Acids Res. 17:3217-3227, 1989), we can now provide evidence for the presence of homologous chromosomes. By determining the chromosomal location of different genetic markers, most of the chromosomes (14, excluding the minichromosomes), could be organized into seven chromosome pairs. In most instances, the putative homologs of a pair differed in size by about 20%. Restriction enzyme analysis of chromosome-sized DNA showed that these chromosome pairs contained large stretches of homologous DNA sequences. From these data, we infer that the chromosome pairs represent homologs. The identification of homologous chromosomes gives valuable insight into the organization of the trypanosome genome, will facilitate the genetic analysis of T. brucei, and suggests the presence of haploid gametes.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "DNA; Chromosomes"

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Dunn, Alison M. "Cloning of human DNA repair genes." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.301385.

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Fielder, Anne. "A structural role for the H-NS protein in bacterial chromatin." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.308709.

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Yu, Zhiling. "Interactions and architecture of human MCM proteins in vitro and in vivo /." View Abstract or Full-Text, 2003. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?BICH%202003%20YU.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, 2003.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 118-137). Also available in electronic version. Access restricted to campus users.
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Rudd, Mary Katharine. "Organization, evolution and function of alpha satellite DNA at human centromeres." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1091493781.

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Ramos, Edward. "Tools for studying gross nuclear organization, dynamics and epigenetic modifications of chromosomes /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10849.

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Bauer, David L. V. "Preparing and sequencing ultra-long DNA molecules from single chromosomes." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.640151.

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In this thesis, I describe the development of a single-molecule platform for analysing long DNA molecules that captures haplotype and large-scale structural variation (SV) in addition to DNA sequence. Cunent DNA sequencing methods cannot adequately examine haplotype and SV - both contribute to biological function and disease and are candidates for the location of "missing heritability" in the genome. Both haplotype and SV fundamentally relate to the structure of single chromosomes. Using a lab-on-a-chip nanofluidic device, SV was analysed on stretched (> 2 Mb) DNA fragments. In order to integrate this larger-scale SV information with the base-by-base sequence of the molecule being analysed, the DNA molecule was amplified and sequenced. I developed algorithms to handle the unique features of sequence data from amplified single DNA molecules. I obtained sequence and genotyping data, confirmed successful isolation of single DNA fragments from the chip, and validated the barcoding method used to detect SV. This lab-on-a-chip device for handling long DNAs can also serve as a 'reaction chamber' to answer more fundamental biological questions regarding chromosome structure as a whole. Using a microfluidic chip, I was able to provide the first direct images of DNA catenation within metaphase chromosomes and demonstrate that DNA catenation, in addition to proteins, plays a crucial role in metaphase chromosome architecture. The fluidic platform can be adapted to future 'third-generation' single-molecule sequencing applications that intenogate single DNA molecules directly. I have demonstrated this potential in two ways: First, I used intercalating dyes to form an optical waveguide along DNA to improve single-molecule detection. Secondly, I I engineered E. coli RNA Polymerase to detect single base translocation events along a DNA substrate. Such a polymerase could be used in future third-generation sequencing schemes based upon base-stepping motion or energy transfer to dye-modified nucleotides as the polymerase processes on a long DNA template.
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Spence, Jennifer M. "Repetitive DNA in aphids : its nature, chromosomal distribution and evolutionary significance." Thesis, University of Reading, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.298517.

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Harvey, Alison Nichola. "The induction and production of chromosomal aberrations by restriction endonucleases." Thesis, Open University, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.388300.

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Curwen, Gillian B. "G₂ chromosomal radiosensitivity in childhood and adolescent cancer survivors and their offspring." Thesis, St Andrews, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/425.

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Oakey, Rebecca. "The structure of alphoid satellite DNA on normal and abnormal human Y chromosomes." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1989. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:162cb1a7-3176-4b56-be8b-353b65fee236.

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The long-range structure of the Y chromosome alphoid satellite DNA has been determined in the cell lines 3E7 and OXEN. Variation in alphoid DNA block size and restriction enzyme sites were observed. The alphoid block size and restriction enzyme site variations were determined for a collection of 42 normal Y chromosomes. The alphoid DNA polymorphisms observed denned 24 Y chromosome alleles. Unexpectedly, the Y alphoid DNA alleles analysed revealed two distinct groups of Y chromosomes indicating that most of the Caucasian and Asian men analysed were descended from one of two males. The structure of the alphoid DNA was determined for 25 cell lines expected to contain abnormal Y chromosomes. Six of the cell lines lacked Y chromosomes. Four lacked both alphoid DNA and Y a centromere. 13 out of the remaining 15 Y chromosomes had centromeres and Y alphoid DNA block sizes and restriction enzyme site variation similar to that of normal Y chromosome alphoid DNA. Two of the abnormal cell lines had alphoid DNA blocks significantly different from the normal Y alphoid DNA structure. These results confirm that alphoid DNA is located very close to, or at the centromere and make it a prime candidate for a functional mammalian centromere sequence.
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Books on the topic "DNA; Chromosomes"

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Cold, Spring Harbor Symposium on Quantitative Biology (58th 1993 Cold Spring Harbor N. Y. ). DNA and chromosomes. Plainview, N.Y: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 1993.

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Senshokutai to saibōkaku no dainamikusu: DNA o ayatsuru saibō no shikumi. Kyōto-shi: Kagaku Dōjin, 2013.

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The nuclear matrix and spatial organization of chromosomal DNA domains. New York: Chapman & Hall, 1997.

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IUBMB Symposium, DNA Enzymes: Structures & Mechanisms (2000 Indian Institute Science, Bangalore). IUBMB Symposium, DNA Enzymes: Structures & Mechanisms, Dec. 1-3, 2000: Abstracts. [Bangalore: Indian Institute of Science], 2000.

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Microbial megaplasmids. Berlin: Springer, 2009.

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DNA recombination: Methods and protocols. New York: Humana, 2011.

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Wyandt, Herman E. Human Chromosome Variation: Heteromorphism and Polymorphism. Dordrecht: Springer Science+Business Media B.V., 2012.

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Razin, Sergey V. The nuclear matrix and spatial organization of chomosomal DNA domains. Austin, TX: R.G. Landes, 1997.

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Bacterial chromatin. Dordrecht: Springer, 2010.

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Khattak, Mohammad Naeem. Chromosomal DNA variations in infections. Manchester: University of Manchester, 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "DNA; Chromosomes"

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Miller, Orlando J., and Eeva Therman. "DNA and Gene Amplification." In Human Chromosomes, 369–83. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0139-4_25.

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Miller, Orlando J., and Eeva Therman. "DNA Replication and Chromosome Reproduction." In Human Chromosomes, 29–44. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0139-4_3.

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Schmidt, T., C. Desel, D. Dechyeva, B. Fleischer, F. Gindullis, A. Schmidt, J. S. Heslop-Harrison, and R. L. Doudrick. "FISHing Repeated DNA Sequences in Beta Genomes." In Chromosomes Today, 249–65. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1033-6_23.

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Meehan, R., P. Jeppesen, J. Lewis, and A. Bird. "Methylated DNA-binding proteins and chromatin structure." In Chromosomes Today, 377–89. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1510-0_29.

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Henderson, A. S. "Chromosome accommodation to integration of foreign DNA." In Chromosomes Today, 12–21. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-9166-4_2.

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Muleris, M., A. Almeida, M. Gerbault-Seureau, A. M. Dutrillaux, B. Malfoy, and B. Dutrillaux. "Characterization of amplified DNA sequences in human cancers." In Chromosomes Today, 132–44. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1537-4_9.

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Garagna, Silvia, Ernesto Capanna, Maurizio Zuccotti, and Carlo Alberto Redi. "The EVO-DEVO of Pericentromeric DNA in the Mouse." In Chromosomes Today, 171–85. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1033-6_16.

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Neves, N., A. Castilho, M. Silva, J. S. Heslop-Harrison, and W. Viegas. "Genomic interactions: gene expression, DNA methylation and nuclear architecture." In Chromosomes Today, 182–200. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1537-4_12.

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Jones, K. W., E. Olszewska, and L. Singh. "Rapidly evolving Bkm DNA is associated with hypervariable domains." In Chromosomes Today, 22–29. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-9166-4_3.

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Heslop-Harrison, J. S. "RNA, genes, genomes and chromosomes: repetitive DNA sequences in plants." In Chromosomes Today, 45–56. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8484-6_4.

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Conference papers on the topic "DNA; Chromosomes"

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Lee, C. H., H. Teng, and J. S. Chen. "Atomistic to Continuum Modeling of DNA Molecules." In ASME 2010 First Global Congress on NanoEngineering for Medicine and Biology. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nemb2010-13157.

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The mechanical properties of DNA has very important biological implication. For example, the bending and twisting rigidities of DNA affect how it wraps around histones to form chromosomes, bends upon interactions with proteins, supercoils during replication process, and packs into the confined space within a virus. Many biologically important processes involving DNA are accompanied by the deformations of double helical structure of DNA.
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Bosma, P. J., E. A. van den Berg, and T. Kooistra. "ISOLATION OF THE GENE CODING FOR HUMAN PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR INHIBITOR TYPE 1 (PAI-1)." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644440.

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A human placenta genomic DNA cosmid library was screened for the presence of the PAI-1 gene using a cDNA probe coding for PAI-1. Two overlapping recombinant cosmids were obtained that contain human DNA spanning 55 kb. The cosmids were mapped using 3' and 5' end probes isolated from an almost full-length cDNA clone of 2.5 kb. The two cosmids were found to contain the entire structural PAI-1 gene (approximately 15 kb) and also included 25 kb 5' flanking sequences. The transcription initiation site was identified by SI nuclease protection experiments and the promotor region was sequenced. Further experiments will be directed at characterizing the regulatory elements of the PAI-1 gene.In order to determine the chromosomal localization of the PAI-1 gene we have hybridized our genomic clones in situ to metaphase chromosomes of a human blood cell culture. Preliminary experiments show a specific hybridization signal which will enable us to sublocalize the chromosomal position of the PAI-1 gene.
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Savenko, E. G., Zh M. Mukhina, V. A. Glazyrina, and L. A. Shundrina. "Control of gamete origin of white cabbage regenerants in anther culture in vitro." In CURRENT STATE, PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRARIAN SCIENCE. Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea”, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33952/2542-0720-2020-5-9-10-94.

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The complex use of indirect methods (counting chloroplasts in stomatal cells, as well as direct counting of chromosomes in preparations of root meristems) in combination with DNA methods makes it possible to identify ploidy of plants obtained from white cabbage anthers and to rank them on haploids / doubled haploids and diploid ones already on test tube level.
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GROSBERG, A. Y. "CRUMPLED GLOBULE MODEL OF DNA PACKING IN CHROMOSOMES: FROM PREDICTIONS TO OPEN QUESTIONS." In BIOMAT 2010 - International Symposium on Mathematical and Computational Biology. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814343435_0002.

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Chan, Vivian, V. W. S. Liu, A. C. K. Wong, and T. K. Chan. "DNA POLYMORPHISMS IN OR LINKED TO THE FACTOR VIII GENE IN CHINESE." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644049.

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78 unrelated X chromosomes from Southern Chinese (56 normal and 22 haemophiliac) were studied. DNA was restricted by Bel I, Bgl I or Taq I and hybridized to 3' factor VIII:C cDNA probe (5 kb, Chiron) or St 14.1 probe(3 kb, Oberle &Mandel) by standard techniques. The intragenic Bel I polymorphic site was positive in 82%, while Bgl I polymorphic site was positive in all. Thus, 29.5%(2 x×0.82 × 0.18) of Chinese females carried the Bel I polymorphism. Asto the Taq I polymorphism in the closely linked DXS52 DNA segment, the incidences for the various alleles were :System I - allele (3) 10.2%, (4) 2.6%, (5) 2.6%,(6) 17.9%, (7) 21.8% and (8) 44.9% System II - α a allele 56%, 6 allele 44%. Approximately 80% of females were heterozygous for two different alleles. Hence the Bel I and Taq I polymorphisms can be used to track the defective factor VIII gene for carrier detection and prenatal diagnosis. Furthermore, their frequencies in the Chinese are different from those previously reported in other ethnic groups.
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Davoyan, R. O., I. V. Bebyakina, E. R. Davoyan, V. A. Bibishev, L. A. Bespalova, and O. Yu Puzirnaya. "Use of synthetic form Triticum miguschovae Zhir in common wheat breeding." In CURRENT STATE, PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRARIAN SCIENCE. Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea”, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33952/2542-0720-2020-5-9-10-56.

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T. miguschovae (GGAADD) was used as a “genetic bridge” to transfer valuable traits to the common wheat instead T. militina and Ae. tauschii. Lines with resistance to leaf rust, yellow rust and powdery mildew, as well as with high protein content (17–18 %) were selected. The lines with translocation Т2BL.2BS-2GL, 5BS.5BL-5GL, T6BS.6BL-6GL and substitution of chromosomes 1D(1Dt), 4D(4Dt), 5D(5Dt), 6D(6Dt) were identified. DNA analysis revealed that the lines can carry leaf rust resistance genes that are different from the known Lr39 and Lr50. Introgression lines have been successfully used in breeding. Five common winter wheat cultivars are developed.
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Monajembashi, Shamci, Eberhard Schmitt, Heike Dittmar, and Karl-Otto Greulich. "FISH analysis of the arrangement of chromosomes in interphase nuclei using telomeric, centromeric, and DNA painting probes." In BiOS Europe '98, edited by Irving J. Bigio, Herbert Schneckenburger, Jan Slavik, Katarina Svanberg, and Pierre M. Viallet. SPIE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.336825.

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Nishino, M., T. Nishimura, H. Naka, S. Mikami, A. Yoshioka, and H. Fukui. "CARRIER DETECTION IN JAPANESE FAMILIES WITH HAEMOPHILIA A USING FACTOR VIII GENE PROBE(F8A) AND ST 14-1 PROBE." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644009.

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Recently, the gene structure for human F.VIII protein was clarified, and F.VIII DNA probes have been used for carrier detection and prenatal diagnosis ofhaemophilia A. In order to make sure that the phenomena are universal, we have analysed the RFLPs of F.VIII gene in 16 Japanese families with haemophilia A, including a female haemophiliac case, using an intragenic F.VIII DNA probe(F8A) and an extragenic(linked) DNA probe(Stl4-1).The probe F8A revealed two variant bands after digestion by Bel I. Of normal 60 X chromosomes (females) examined, about 85% bore the 879-bp fragment and 15%the 1165-bp fragment. Five of sixteen mothers of hemophiliacs, definite carriers, were found to be heterozygous for Bel I polymorphism. Since the relationship between Bel I alleles and hemophilia gene has been identified in the 5 families in which the mothers were heterozygous, we could diagnose the carrier status of two women whose brothers are hemophiliacs. Onthe other hand, we could identify that one "haemophilic woman" with less than 10% of F.VIII:C was a carrier status when we analysed the Bel I alleles in theother members of the family.The probe DNA(ST 14-1) revealed seven variant bands ranging from 5.5 kb to 3.4 kb after digestion by Taq I. In 6 out of 16 families, the RFLPs of ST 14 locus were informative for carrier detection.From these data, it was concluded that the Bel I polymorphism of F.VIII gene and the Taq I polymorphism of ST 14 locus were informative for carrier detection in 8 out of 16 families with haemophilia A
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Peticolas, Warner L., T. W. Patapoff, J. Postlethwait, T. E. Holland, G. A. Thomas, and J. W. Powell. "Evidence for DNA polymorphism in vivo: laser Raman microsopy of chromosomes in the single eukaryotic cells--comparison with model systems." In Photonics West '95, edited by Joseph R. Lakowicz. SPIE, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.208466.

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Ali, I., and H. Seker. "A comparative study for characterisation and prediction of tissue-specific DNA methylation of CpG islands in chromosomes 6, 20 and 22." In 2010 32nd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2010.5626437.

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Reports on the topic "DNA; Chromosomes"

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Weier, Heinz-Ulrich G., Karin M. Greulich-Bode, Jenny Wu, and Thomas Duell. Delineating Rearrangements in Single Yeast Artificial Chromosomes by Quantitative DNA Fiber Mapping. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/982923.

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Marrone, B. L., L. L. Deaven, D. J. Chen, Min S. Park, M. A. MacInnes, G. C. Salzman, and T. M. Yoshida. Directly labeled fluorescent DNA probes for chromosome mapping. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/205135.

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Lu, Chun-Mei, Johnson Kwan, Adolf Baumgartner, Jingly F. Weier, Mei Wang, Tomas Escudero, Santiago Munne', Horst F. Zitzelsberger, and Heinz-Ulrich Weier. DNA Probe Pooling for Rapid Delineation of Chromosomal Breakpoints. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/960431.

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Schwartz, J. L., R. Mustafi, A. Hughes, and E. R. DeSombre. DNA and chromosome breaks induced by {sup 123}I-estrogen in CHO cells. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/505324.

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