Relevant bibliographies by topics / DNA Based Memory

Academic literature on the topic 'DNA Based Memory'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 6 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "DNA Based Memory"

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Deaton, Russell, and Junghuei Chen. "Conceptual and contextual DNA-based memory." International Journal of Knowledge-based and Intelligent Engineering Systems 10, no. 1 (February 5, 2006): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/kes-2006-10104.

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Garzon, Max H., Kiran C. Bobba, Andrew Neel, and Vinhthuy Phan. "DNA-Based Indexing." International Journal of Nanotechnology and Molecular Computation 2, no. 3 (July 2010): 25–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jnmc.2010070102.

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DNA has been acknowledged as a suitable medium for massively parallel computing and as a “smart” glue for self-assembly. In this paper, a third capability of DNA is described in detail as memory capable of encoding and processing large amounts of data so that information can be retrieved associatively based on content. The technique is based on a novel representation of data on DNA that can shed information on the way DNA-, RNA- and other biomolecules encode information, which may be potentially important in applications to fields like bioinformatics and genetics, and natural language processing. Analyses are also provided of the sensitivity, robustness, and bounds on the theoretical capacity of the memories. Finally, the potential use of the memories are illustrated with two applications, one in genomic analysis for identification and classification, another in information retrieval from text data in abiotic form.
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Sheth, Ravi U., and Harris H. Wang. "DNA-based memory devices for recording cellular events." Nature Reviews Genetics 19, no. 11 (September 20, 2018): 718–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41576-018-0052-8.

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Yu, Xu, Yuwei Hu, Jason S. Kahn, Alessandro Cecconello, and Itamar Willner. "Orthogonal Dual-Triggered Shape-Memory DNA-Based Hydrogels." Chemistry - A European Journal 22, no. 41 (August 19, 2016): 14504–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.201603653.

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Takinoue, M., and A. Suyama. "Establishing a molecular memory system based on DNA hairpins." Seibutsu Butsuri 43, supplement (2003): S231. http://dx.doi.org/10.2142/biophys.43.s231_2.

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Takinoue, M., Y. Hatano, and Akira Suyama. "2P300 A massively parallel memory based on hairpin DNA." Seibutsu Butsuri 44, supplement (2004): S184. http://dx.doi.org/10.2142/biophys.44.s184_4.

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Lakhno, V. D., and A. V. Vinnikov. "Molecular devices based on DNA." Mathematical Biology and Bioinformatics 16, no. 1 (May 19, 2021): 115–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.17537/2021.16.115.

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It is shown that DNA molecule can be used for construction of different electronic devices. The results of investigation of DNA conducting properties are presented. The method of DNA based nanowires is considered. It is shown that the conducting properties of DNA can be used for making electronic nanobiochips, which have advantages in comparison with optical one due to their miniaturization, execution speed, absence of marking and exactness. It is also demonstrated the possibility of memory and logic devices made from DNA.
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Yamamoto, Masahito, Satoshi Kashiwamura, Azuma Ohuchi, and Masashi Furukawa. "Large-scale DNA memory based on the nested PCR." Natural Computing 7, no. 3 (March 19, 2008): 335–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11047-008-9076-x.

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Takinoue, Masahiro, and Akira Suyama. "Molecular reactions for a molecular memory based on hairpin DNA." Chem-Bio Informatics Journal 4, no. 3 (2004): 93–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1273/cbij.4.93.

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Expósito, Roberto R., Jorge González-Domínguez, and Juan Touriño. "SMusket: Spark-based DNA error correction on distributed-memory systems." Future Generation Computer Systems 111 (October 2020): 698–713. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.future.2019.10.038.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "DNA Based Memory"

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Tu, Waan Ting, and 杜皖婷. "Study of DNA-nanocomposite-based optically controlled resistive random access memory and phtodetector device." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/mzj9nq.

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碩士
國立清華大學
光電工程研究所
105
Organic resistive random access memory (ORRAM) not only has the potential of small cell size, low operate voltage, low power consumption, simple structure, high speed operation and data retention, but also has the advantages of low cost, ease of manufacture, high flexibility, which have been widely studied. In recent years, the use of biopolymer material on photoelectronic devices has been more and more developed. Among them, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a very attractive functional organic material, due to its unique double helix structure and material properties. Meanwhile, DNA biopolymer nanocomposite has been widely used in many studies, and many optoelectronic properties can be manipulated by controlling the concentration or particle size of the nanoparticles. In the first part of the study, we used photochemical reduction method to form DNA silver nanocomposite as the active layer in our ORRAM device. Different illumination time produced different concentrations of silver particles in the DNA composite. We used transmission electron microscope (TEM), energy dispersive X- ray (EDX), UV / Vis spectrometer, and circular dichroism (CD) spectrometer to understand the material property changes caused by the photochemical formation of the silver nanoparticles. The ORRAM device is fabricated by a simple structure with a DNA nanocomposite active layer sandwiched by Ag and ITO electrodes. Electrical properties have been measured and statistically analyzed. Since the concentration of silver nanoparticles in the active layer is controlled by photochemical method, it enabled us to control the illumination time as well as to tune the resistance switching behaviors of the device, such as write-once read-many-times memory(WORM), write-read-erase memory(WREM) and conductor behavior. To further understand the switching mechanism of our device, the examined I-V curves were fitted with theoretical models, and the results showed that the conduction mechanism dominating the low and high resistance states are Ohmic behavior and space charge limited current effect, based on filament theory. In the second part of the study, we used the same MSM structure and doped silver nanoparticles directly into the DNA-CTMA active layer, in order to explore the applications for photodetectors and the characteristics enhancement effect by silver nanoparticles. The characteristics of DNA-CTMA photodetector device were observed by changing the doping concentration of silver nanoparticles, the applied bias, and the wavelength of the irradiated light. The main mechanism of generation of photocurrent was found to be dependent on Schottky barrier formed at DNA-CTMA-metal interface. As the device was irradiated, carriers accumulated at the DNA-CTMA and electrode interface. An opposite surface charge was attracted that caused Schottky barrier to be lowered, which resulted in generating a larger current. The energy of incident light source and the doping level of silver nanoparticles further varied the device responsivity. In addition, irradiation wavelength near the silver nanoparticles optical absorption excites surface plasmon resonance and might lead to multiple exciton states and enhanced the performance.
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Mondal, Sandip. "Fully Solution Processed Flash Memory." Thesis, 2017. http://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/4131.

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The field of advanced solution processed spin-coated electronics has rapidly expanded over the last few decades towards the development of low-cost, large area and low power consumer electronics for the design of system-on-panel, system-on-glass, and system-on-chip circuits. They have diverse applications such as wearable and textile integrated devices, seamless and twistable systems, soft skin systems, as well as roll-to-roll light-weight, transparent, conformable, stretchable, and even biodegradable systems. So far, all demonstration of solution processed electronics use thin lm transistors (TFT) without any memory. However, memory is an essential electronic component of all systems and it is important to realize floating gate ash memory devices using similar spin-coated solution processing compatible technique. The first demonstration of floating memory by Kahng and Size in 1967 on transparent glass substrates utilized floating metal gate charge storage layers deposited by high temperature vacuum technology. Since then, there has been intensive research on floating gate technology. However, the high temperature and high vacuum technology is incompatible with large area, flexible and low cost electronics due to the process integration issue. Hence the alternative challenge was taken up on developing solution processed spin-coated memory devices for sol-gel electronics. In this thesis we first introduce different solution processed dielectrics and oxide semi-conductors, thin lm deposition, and behavior at different processing temperatures. Further, we also demonstrate how the band structure of the dielectric, particularly the electron a finity, changes with annealing temperature. Then we propose and demonstrate a new high speed measurement technique for two terminal capacitive devices. In particular, we show that the entire capacitance-voltage curve can be measured in 2.5 s. The measurement is useful for characterization of two terminal capacitive memory devices in terms speed, endurance and retention. This achievement is followed by its application to newly developed fully solution processed, nanoparticle based, robust two terminal memory devices. The link between device performance and its structural and processing parameters such as annealing temperature, thickness of memory layer, supporting dielectric layer and substrate materials, is highlighted. In addition, a detailed analysis and comparison of performance of solution processed memory with regard to state-of-the art processing techniques as well as the selection of materials is presented. This work was extended to achieve the worlds first three terminal fully solution processed inorganic material-based robust ash memory devices with different kinds of solution processed charge trapping layers. We also discuss the advantage of this technology over previously reported sophisticated ultra high vacuum technology based three terminal ash memory devices. Afterwards, we report the discovery of deep level intrinsic traps in solution processed aluminium oxide phosphate. It is also shown that the traps are tunable with the processing temperature. Using XPS and UPS characterization techniques, the origin of these traps is linked with the molecular structure. Utilizing this trap behavior we have fabricated the worlds first fully solution processed ash memory device without tunneling and blocking layers at below 200 C. This discovery may be a breakthrough for large area, solution processed, and flexible electronics applications. Finally, conclusions are drawn on the performance of the memory stack with respect to other processing techniques, along with an outlook for this field and predictions for the future of this technology.
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Jo-NingYu and 尤若寧. "A Memory Efficient DFA based on Pattern Segmentation for Deep Packet Inspection." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/74261738315180300787.

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碩士
國立成功大學
資訊工程學系碩博士班
100
As the network becomes faster, the role of network intrusion detection system (NIDS) that solves network security problem has become more and more important. The performance of pattern match algorithm is the bottleneck of NIDS. We have to develop a high-throughput algorithm that requires a small amount of memory to find out the hidden virus in packet payload. Based on the famous Aho-Corasick (AC) automaton, we perform an analysis on the AC automata and propose three methods to reduce the memory usage. First, we observe that some transitions will end up reaching a state in the top few levels of the state diagram because the suffix of current sub-pattern is the prefix of another pattern (called common sub-patterns). We segment these patterns into shorter sub-patterns, based the above observation and so that the states and transitions in the common sub-patterns can be shared. We also observe that most of the transitions go back to the top k levels. (e.g. transitions which ended up arriving the states at the top 4 levels are 99.52% out of the entire transitions in pattern set of ClamAV). Therefore, we use parallel architecture and k independent blocks to maintain the transition table. By this technique, the AC automaton can use fewer memories by not recording the transitions to the top k levels. Finally, we also exploit bit map to compress the memory that is used to record the state information. The results of experiments in ClamAV pattern set show that our proposed scheme uses less memory than the most existing algorithms. Specifically, proposed scheme needs only 0.905% of the memory used in optimized AC automaton.
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"Energy-Efficient Circuit and Architecture Designs for Intelligent Systems." Doctoral diss., 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.62917.

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abstract: In the era of artificial intelligent (AI), deep neural networks (DNN) have achieved accuracy on par with humans on a variety of recognition tasks. However, the high computation and storage requirement of DNN training and inference have posed challenges to deploying or locally training the DNNs on mobile and wearable devices. Energy-efficient hardware innovation from circuit to architecture level is required.In this dissertation, a smart electrocardiogram (ECG) processor is first presented for ECG-based authentication as well as cardiac monitoring. The 65nm testchip consumes 1.06 μW at 0.55 V for real-time ECG authentication achieving equal error rate of 1.7% for authentication on an in-house 645-subject database. Next, a couple of SRAM-based in-memory computing (IMC) accelerators for deep learning algorithms are presented. Two single-array macros titled XNOR-SRAM and C3SRAM are based on resistive and capacitive networks for XNOR-ACcumulation (XAC) operations, respectively. XNOR-SRAM and C3SRAM macros in 65nm CMOS achieve energy efficiency of 403 TOPS/W and 672 TOPS/W, respectively. Built on top of these two single-array macro designs, two multi-array architectures are presented. The XNOR-SRAM based architecture titled “Vesti” is designed to support configurable multibit activations and large-scale DNNs seamlessly. Vesti employs double-buffering with two groups of in-memory computing SRAMs, effectively hiding the write latency of IMC SRAMs. The Vesti accelerator in 65nm CMOS achieves energy consumption of <20 nJ for MNIST classification and <40μJ for CIFAR-10 classification at 1.0 V supply. More recently, a programmable IMC accelerator (PIMCA) integrating 108 C3SRAM macros of a total size of 3.4 Mb is proposed. The28nm prototype chip achieves system-level energy efficiency of 437/62 TOPS/W at 40 MHz, 1 V supply for DNNs with 1b/2b precision. In addition to the IMC works, this dissertation also presents a convolutional neural network (CNN) learning processor, which accelerates the stochastic gradient descent (SGD) with momentum based training algorithm in 16-bit fixed-point precision. The65nm CNN learning processor achieves peak energy efficiency of 2.6 TOPS/W for16-bit fixed-point operations, consuming 10.45 mW at 0.55 V. In summary, in this dissertation, several hardware innovations from circuit to architecture level are presented, exploiting the reduced algorithm complexity with pruning and low-precision quantization techniques. In particular, macro-level and system-level SRAM based IMC works presented in this dissertation show that SRAM based IMC is one of the promising solutions for energy-efficient intelligent systems.
Dissertation/Thesis
Doctoral Dissertation Electrical Engineering 2020
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Books on the topic "DNA Based Memory"

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Goldman, Mark S., Jack Darkes, Richard R. Reich, and Karen O. Brandon. From DNA to conscious thought. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med:psych/9780198569299.003.0006.

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Chapter 6 explores the influence of anticipatory processes on human alcohol consumption, including aspects of expectancy operation (anticipation/prediction, perception of incoming stimuli, stored information patterns, the inseparability of memory, cognition and affect/emotion), the selection of biologically meaningful inputs, complex behaviour as anticipatory, application to alcohol use, abuse, and dependence, and language-based access to expectancies.
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Hilgurt, S. Ya, and O. A. Chemerys. Reconfigurable signature-based information security tools of computer systems. PH “Akademperiodyka”, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/akademperiodyka.458.297.

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The book is devoted to the research and development of methods for combining computational structures for reconfigurable signature-based information protection tools for computer systems and networks in order to increase their efficiency. Network security tools based, among others, on such AI-based approaches as deep neural networking, despite the great progress shown in recent years, still suffer from nonzero recognition error probability. Even a low probability of such an error in a critical infrastructure can be disastrous. Therefore, signature-based recognition methods with their theoretically exact matching feature are still relevant when creating information security systems such as network intrusion detection systems, antivirus, anti-spam, and wormcontainment systems. The real time multi-pattern string matching task has been a major performance bottleneck in such systems. To speed up the recognition process, developers use a reconfigurable hardware platform based on FPGA devices. Such platform provides almost software flexibility and near-ASIC performance. The most important component of a signature-based information security system in terms of efficiency is the recognition module, in which the multipattern matching task is directly solved. It must not only check each byte of input data at speeds of tens and hundreds of gigabits/sec against hundreds of thousand or even millions patterns of signature database, but also change its structure every time a new signature appears or the operating conditions of the protected system change. As a result of the analysis of numerous examples of the development of reconfigurable information security systems, three most promising approaches to the construction of hardware circuits of recognition modules were identified, namely, content-addressable memory based on digital comparators, Bloom filter and Aho–Corasick finite automata. A method for fast quantification of components of recognition module and the entire system was proposed. The method makes it possible to exclude resource-intensive procedures for synthesizing digital circuits on FPGAs when building complex reconfigurable information security systems and their components. To improve the efficiency of the systems under study, structural-level combinational methods are proposed, which allow combining into single recognition device several matching schemes built on different approaches and their modifications, in such a way that their advantages are enhanced and disadvantages are eliminated. In order to achieve the maximum efficiency of combining methods, optimization methods are used. The methods of: parallel combining, sequential cascading and vertical junction have been formulated and investigated. The principle of multi-level combining of combining methods is also considered and researched. Algorithms for the implementation of the proposed combining methods have been developed. Software has been created that allows to conduct experiments with the developed methods and tools. Quantitative estimates are obtained for increasing the efficiency of constructing recognition modules as a result of using combination methods. The issue of optimization of reconfigurable devices presented in hardware description languages is considered. A modification of the method of affine transformations, which allows parallelizing such cycles that cannot be optimized by other methods, was presented. In order to facilitate the practical application of the developed methods and tools, a web service using high-performance computer technologies of grid and cloud computing was considered. The proposed methods to increase efficiency of matching procedure can also be used to solve important problems in other fields of science as data mining, analysis of DNA molecules, etc. Keywords: information security, signature, multi-pattern matching, FPGA, structural combining, efficiency, optimization, hardware description language.
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Mierlo, Wim Van. James Joyce and Cultural Genetics. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781350169913.

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As a genetic study, this book uncovers the creative DNA of James Joyce’s oeuvre by looking at the cultural forces that shaped him and that he in turn shaped in the creation of his books, developing a two-way relationship with history, memory and national identity. Following his development as an author, it revisits and redirects Joyce’s attitudes towards the Irish Revival. From Chamber Music, through Ulysses to Finnegans Wake Joyce sought to define a cultural identity that went, in many respects, against the mainstream, but that nonetheless belonged to the wider Revivalist project with which it shared certain characteristics and aspirations. Joyce’s historical and genealogical imagination is read through a careful investigation of the cultural materials that went into his work. Based on evidence from his personal library and the extensive archive of reading notes, ideas, sketches and drafts, this book investigates how Joyce used, absorbed and repurposed these materials creatively in his writing; it does so by bringing for the first time the methods of genetic criticism into the domain of cultural memory and the sociology of the text. Thus this books defines “cultural genetics” as an exploration of the textual material that are Joyce’s sources interacts with the culture that produced and received them
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Benarroch, Eduardo E. Neuroscience for Clinicians. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190948894.001.0001.

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The aim of this book is to provide the clinician with a comprehensive and clinical relevant survey of emerging concepts on the organization and function of the nervous system and neurologic disease mechanisms, at the molecular, cellular, and system levels. The content of is based on the review of information obtained from recent advances in genetic, molecular, and cell biology techniques; electrophysiological recordings; brain mapping; and mouse models, emphasizing the clinical and possible therapeutic implications. Many chapters of this book contain information that will be relevant not only to clinical neurologists but also to psychiatrists and physical therapists. The scope includes the mechanisms and abnormalities of DNA/RNA metabolism, proteostasis, vesicular biogenesis, and axonal transport and mechanisms of neurodegeneration; the role of the mitochondria in cell function and death mechanisms; ion channels, neurotransmission and mechanisms of channelopathies and synaptopathies; the functions of astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and microglia and their involvement in disease; the local circuits and synaptic interactions at the level of the cerebral cortex, thalamus, basal ganglia, cerebellum, brainstem, and spinal cord transmission regulating sensory processing, behavioral state, and motor functions; the peripheral and central mechanisms of pain and homeostasis; and networks involved in emotion, memory, language, and executive function.
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Cardoso, Flávia Pieretti, Maria Leda Pinto, and Léia Teixeira Lacerda. Memória discursiva sobre a violência de gênero na voz de mulheres com deficiência. Brazil Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31012/978-65-5861-323-7.

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The work Discursive memory on gender violence in the voice of women with disabilities originated from the Master of Arts in Literature research developed by Flávia Pieretti Cardoso, under the guidance of professors Maria Leda Pinto and Léia Teixeira Lacerda, at the State University of Mato Grosso do Sul. In her role as an interpreter of Brazilian Sign Language at the Casa da Mulher Brasileira and her experience with women from the Association of Women with Disabilities of Mato Grosso do Sul, Flávia was concerned about the invisibility and lack of accessible data and information in the area of gender and disability. The concern resulted in this book, which analyses the speeches of women with disabilities living in Campo Grande / MS, from the theme of gender violence in order to seek possibilities to implement actions to face this type of violence. The theoretical path is based on qualitative research and the corpus analysis grounded on French Discourse Analysis (FDA) studies, as well as on scholars from the Bakhtin Circle, on the analysis of texts of oral communication and the gender and violence area. The analyses presented will enable the reader to conclude that girls and women with disabilities are subject to double exclusion and vulnerability – for having a disability and for being women – by the sexist and capacitist speeches of “power” and “truth”. Therefore, it is a matter of urgency that the Brazilian authorities of power implement effective public programs and policies aimed at the specificities of those subjects.
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Book chapters on the topic "DNA Based Memory"

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Lipton, Richard. "DNA computations can have global memory." In DNA Based Computers II, 259–65. Providence, Rhode Island: American Mathematical Society, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1090/dimacs/044/21.

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Kashiwamura, Satoshi, Masahito Yamamoto, Atsushi Kameda, Toshikazu Shiba, and Azuma Ohuchi. "Hierarchical DNA Memory Based on Nested PCR." In DNA Computing, 112–23. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-36440-4_10.

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Deaton, Russell, and Junghuei Chen. "Conceptual and Contextual DNA-Based Memory." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 25–31. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-30132-5_8.

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Chen, Junghuei, Russell Deaton, and Yu-Zhen Wang. "A DNA-Based Memory with In Vitro Learning and Associative Recall." In DNA Computing, 145–56. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-24628-2_14.

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Moosavi, Sanaz Rahimi, and Arman Izadifar. "End-to-End Security Scheme for E-Health Systems Using DNA-Based ECC." In Silicon Valley Cybersecurity Conference, 77–89. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-96057-5_6.

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AbstractToday, the amount of data produced and stored in computing Internet of Things (IoT) devices is growing. Massive volumes of sensitive information are exchanged between these devices making it critical to ensure the security of these data. Cryptography is a widely used method for ensuring data security. Many lightweight cryptographic algorithms have been developed to address the limitations of resources on the IoT devices. Such devices have limited processing capabilities in terms of memory, processing power, storage, etc. The primary goal of exploiting cryptographic technique is to send data from the sender to the receiver in the most secure way to prevent eavesdropping of the content of the original data. In this paper, we propose an end-to-end security scheme for IoT system. The proposed scheme consists of (i) a secure and efficient mutual authentication scheme based on the Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) and the Quark lightweight hash design, and (ii) a secure end-to-end communication based on Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) and ECC. DNA Cryptography is the cryptographic technique to encrypt and decrypt the original data using DNA sequences based on its biological processes. It is a novel technique to hide data from unauthorized access with the help of DNA. The security analysis of the proposed scheme reveals that it is secure against the relevant threat models and provides a higher security level than the existing related work in the literature.
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Cumbo, Fabio, and Emanuel Weitschek. "An In-Memory Cognitive-Based Hyperdimensional Approach to Accurately Classify DNA-Methylation Data of Cancer." In Communications in Computer and Information Science, 3–10. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-59028-4_1.

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Stewin, Patrick. "A Primitive for Detecting DMA Malware." In Detecting Peripheral-based Attacks on the Host Memory, 53–69. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13515-1_5.

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de Carvalho Clímaco, Marianna, Lucas Kraemer, and Ricardo Toshio Fujiwara. "Vaccine Development for Human Leishmaniasis." In Vaccines for Neglected Pathogens: Strategies, Achievements and Challenges, 307–26. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-24355-4_14.

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AbstractThe development of vaccines for human leishmaniasis is one of the most important approaches for effectively controlling and/or eradicating the several forms of the disease. Based on the knowledge obtained from the practice of leishmanization and its protective immune response, several strategies have been used to develop vaccines against Leishmania species, such as the use of whole killed and attenuated parasites, recombinant proteins, and DNA vaccines. An ideal vaccine should be safe, effective, and immunogenic. Although several candidates have achieved safety and some level of effectiveness, the current challenge in the development of prophylactic vaccines is to achieve long-lasting immune protection by generating a robust and irreversible Th1 adaptive immune response in the host, with rapid recruitment of memory and effectors T cells at key acute points of infection. However, despite all efforts over the years, due to the antigenic diversity of the parasite and the complexity of the host’s immune response, human vaccine trials have been disappointing in mediating long-term immunity against sandfly-delivered infection. Therefore, more investments in this field should be carried out to translate preclinical findings from mice to humans through effective vaccine development strategies.
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Hanif, Muhammad Abdullah, Faiq Khalid, Rachmad Vidya Wicaksana Putra, Mohammad Taghi Teimoori, Florian Kriebel, Jeff (Jun) Zhang, Kang Liu, et al. "Robust Computing for Machine Learning-Based Systems." In Dependable Embedded Systems, 479–503. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52017-5_20.

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AbstractThe drive for automation and constant monitoring has led to rapid development in the field of Machine Learning (ML). The high accuracy offered by the state-of-the-art ML algorithms like Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) has paved the way for these algorithms to being used even in the emerging safety-critical applications, e.g., autonomous driving and smart healthcare. However, these applications require assurance about the functionality of the underlying systems/algorithms. Therefore, the robustness of these ML algorithms to different reliability and security threats has to be thoroughly studied and mechanisms/methodologies have to be designed which result in increased inherent resilience of these ML algorithms. Since traditional reliability measures like spatial and temporal redundancy are costly, they may not be feasible for DNN-based ML systems which are already super computer and memory intensive. Hence, new robustness methods for ML systems are required. Towards this, in this chapter, we present our analyses illustrating the impact of different reliability and security vulnerabilities on the accuracy of DNNs. We also discuss techniques that can be employed to design ML algorithms such that they are inherently resilient to reliability and security threats. Towards the end, the chapter provides open research challenges and further research opportunities.
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Liu, Bocheng, and Haoyu Wang. "Real-Time Monitoring System for DGA Domain Based on Long Short-Term Memory." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 159–65. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-53980-1_24.

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Conference papers on the topic "DNA Based Memory"

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Jeng, Huei-Yau, Tzu-Chien Yang, Chao-You Hung, and Yu-Chueh Hung. "Characterizations of DNA biopolymer-based rewritable memory devices." In 2017 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Pacific Rim (CLEO-PR). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cleopr.2017.8118888.

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Lin, Yi-Tzu, Ting-Yu Lin, and Yu-Chueh Hung. "Bistable memory device based on DNA biopolymer nanocomposite." In SPIE Photonics Europe, edited by Barry P. Rand, Chihaya Adachi, David Cheyns, and Volker van Elsbergen. SPIE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2052062.

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Laguna, Ann Franchesca, Hasindu Gamaarachchi, Xunzhao Yin, Michael Niemier, Sri Parameswaran, and X. Sharon Hu. "Seed-and-vote based in-memory accelerator for DNA read mapping." In ICCAD '20: IEEE/ACM International Conference on Computer-Aided Design. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3400302.3415651.

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Bharadwaj, Lalit M., Amol P. Bhondekar, A. K. Shukla, Vijayender Bhalla, and Ram P. Bajpai. "DNA-based high-density memory devices and biomolecular electronics at CSIO." In SPIE's International Symposium on Smart Materials, Nano-, and Micro- Smart Systems, edited by Dan V. Nicolau. SPIE, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.471949.

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Liang, Lijuan, Tomoyashi Yukimoto, Sei Uemura, Toshihide Kamata, Kazuki Nakamura, and Norihisa Kobayashi. "Fabrication and characterization of OTFT memory based on DNA gate dielectric." In SPIE NanoScience + Engineering, edited by Norihisa Kobayashi, Fahima Ouchen, and Ileana Rau. SPIE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2026939.

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De, Arpan, Hashem Mohammad, Yiren Wang, Rajkumar Kubendran, Arindam K. Das, and M. P. Anantram. "Modeling and Simulation of DNA Origami based Electronic Read-only Memory." In 2022 IEEE 22nd International Conference on Nanotechnology (NANO). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nano54668.2022.9928676.

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Ray, Sanchita Saha, Surajeet Ghosh, and Rakesh Prasad. "Low-cost hierarchical memory-based pipelined architecture for DNA sequence matching." In 2014 Annual IEEE India Conference (INDICON). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/indicon.2014.7030681.

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Liang, Lijuan, Tomoyoshi Yukimoto, Sei Uemura, Toshihide Kamata, Kazuki Nakamura, and Norihisa Kobayashi. "Electronic properties of DNA-surfactant complex and its application to DNA-based bio-organic field effect transistor memory." In SPIE NanoScience + Engineering, edited by Norihisa Kobayashi, Fahima Ouchen, and Ileana Rau. SPIE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.932267.

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Orlov, A. P., A. V. Frolov, A. M. Smolovich, P. V. Lega, P. V. Chung, A. V. Irzhak, N. A. Barinov, D. V. Klinov, V. S. Vlasenko, and V. V. Koledov. "Ti2NiCu based composite nanotweezers with a shape memory effect and its use for DNA bunches 3D manipulation." In STATE-OF-THE-ART TRENDS OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH OF ARTIFICIAL AND NATURAL NANOOBJECTS, STRANN-2018. Author(s), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5087672.

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Calais, Theo, Thileepan Stalin, Vincent S. Joseph, and Pablo Valdivia y Alvarado. "DNA Nanotechnologies for the Design of Bio-Inspired Soft Nanocomposites With Reversible Rigidity." In ASME 2019 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2019-5568.

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Abstract Structures and mechanisms in soft robotics are primarily based on chemically versatile species such as hydrogels, polymers, or elastomers, thus offering great potential for the design of adaptive core properties. In particular, tunable rigidity is highly desirable to enable control of soft grippers or for advanced robot locomotion. However, most of the strategies explored so far rely on mechanisms, such as phase transitions or shape memory effects, that require heavy external hardware or have a limited range of tunable rigidity. In this work, we propose a novel strategy inspired by the sea cucumber dermis mechanism. High aspect ratio carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are reversibly interconnected by DNA oligonucleotides within a polyacrylamide (PAAm) hydrogel. The combination of the excellent mechanical properties of CNTs and the reversible hybridization of DNA strands into a stable double-helicoidal structure allowed the reversible tunability of mechanical properties over one order of magnitude (from ∼100 Pa to ∼1 kPa) within minutes by increasing the temperature beyond the melting temperature of DNA strands (∼50 °C). First, the functionalization strategy of CNTs with DNA strands is described and characterized. The aggregation of CNTs driven by the DNA hybridization is then demonstrated. The mechanical properties of hydrogels functionalized with CNTs are finally analyzed using rheology measurements.
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Reports on the topic "DNA Based Memory"

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Silver, Pamela. Cell-Based Memory of DNA Damage in Breast Cancer. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada520048.

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Chang, Chia-Ching. Biomaterial-based Memory Device Development by Conducting Metallic DNA. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada584806.

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Macula, Anthony, Russell Deaton, and Junghuei Chen. A Two-Dimensional Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) Matrix Based Biomolecular Computing and Memory Architecture. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada494650.

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Palmer, Guy, Varda Shkap, Wendy Brown, and Thea Molad. Control of bovine anaplasmosis: cytokine enhancement of vaccine efficacy. United States Department of Agriculture, March 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2007.7695879.bard.

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Anaplasmosis an arthropod-born disease of cattle caused by the rickettsia Anaplasma marginale and is an impediment to efficient production of healthy livestock in both Israel and the United States. Currently the only effective vaccines are derived from the blood of infected cattle. The risk of widespread transmission of both known and newly emergent pathogens has prevented licensure of live blood-based vaccines in the U.S. and is a major concern for their continued use in Israel. Consequently development of a safe, effective vaccine is a high priority. In this collaborative project we focused on two approaches to vaccine development. The first focused o n improving antigen delivery to livestock and specifically examined how DNA vaccines could be improved to enhance priming and expansion of the immune response. This research resulted in development and testing of two novel vaccine delivery systems--one that targeted antigen spread among dendritic cells (the key cell in priming immune responses and a follow-on construct that also specifically targeted antigen to the endosomal-lysosomal compartment the processing organelle within the dendritic cell that directs vaccine antigen to the MHC class ll-CD4* T cell priming pathway). The optimized construct targeting vaccine antigen to the dendritic cell MHC class II pathway was tested for ability to prime A. marginale specific immune responses in outbred cattle. The results demonstrated both statistically significant effects of priming with a single immunization, continued expansion of the primary immune response including development of high affinity lgG antibodies and rapid recall of the memory response following antigen challenge. This portion of the study represented a significant advance in vaccine delivery for livestock. Importantly the impact of these studies is not limited to A. marginale a s the targeting motifs are optimized for cattle and can be adapted to other cattle vaccinations by inserting a relevant pathogen-specific antigen. The second approach (which represented an addition to the project for which approval was requested as part of the first annual report) was a comparative approach between A . marginale and the Israel A . centrale vaccines train. This addition was requested as studies on Major Surface Protein( MSP)- 2 have shown that this antigen is highly antigenically variable and presented solely as a "static vaccine" antigen does not give cross-strain immunity. In contrast A. . centrale is an effective vaccine which Kimron Veterinary institute has used in the field in Israel for over 50 years. Taking advantage of this expertise, a broad comparison of wild type A. marginale and vaccine strain was initiated. These studies revealed three primary findings: i) use of the vaccine is associated with superinfection, but absence of clinical disease upon superinfection with A. marginale; ii) the A. centrale vaccine strain is not only less virulent but transmission in competent in Dermacentor spp. ticks; and iii) some but not all MSPs are conserved in basic orthologous structure but there are significant polymorphisms among the strains. These studies clearly indicated that there are statistically significant differences in biology (virulence and transmission) and provide a clear path for mapping of biology with the genomes. Based on these findings, we initiated complete genome sequencing of the Israel vaccine strain (although not currently funded by BARD) and plant to proceed with a comparative genomics approach using already sequenced wild-type A. marginale. These findings and ongoing collaborative research tie together filed vaccine experience with new genomic data, providing a new approach to vaccine development against a complex pathogen.
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