Relevant bibliographies by topics / Divided government – United States

Academic literature on the topic 'Divided government – United States'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Divided government – United States"

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Lobão, Julio, and Pedro Guimarães. "Divided Government and Political Risk in the United States." Revista de Estudios Políticos, no. 184 (June 19, 2019): 103–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.18042/cepc/rep.184.04.

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McKay, David. "Divided and Governed? Recent Research on Divided Government in the United States." British Journal of Political Science 24, no. 4 (October 1994): 517–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007123400006980.

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Saeki, Manabu. "Gridlock in the Government of the United States: Influence of Divided Government and Veto Players." British Journal of Political Science 39, no. 3 (July 2009): 587–607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007123408000550.

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David Mayhew’s Divided We Govern significantly challenged the conventional wisdom of the adversarial effect of divided government on government effectiveness in the United States. While the post-Mayhewian literature has been centred on legislative productivity as a measure of gridlock, gridlock is here defined as an ‘inability to change policy’. In this study, the preferences of the legislators, such as the filibuster, override and House median veto players are plotted in Euclidean space. The analysis focuses on the influence of the area of the winset, which is an intersection overlapped by the veto players’ indifference curves. There is a substantial impact of the area of the winset on the change in policy output point, which is measured by the ADA scores and by Poole’s Mean Winning Coordinate. Yet divided government has marginal or no effect on policy swing. The conclusion is that the preferences of veto players, but not party control of the government, have a substantial impact on gridlock in the United States.
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CONLAN, TIMOTHY J. "Competitive Government in the United States: Policy Promotion and Divided Party Control." Governance 4, no. 4 (October 1991): 403–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0491.1991.tb00021.x.

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BEAN, CLIVE S., and MARTIN P. WATTENBERG. "Attitudes Towards Divided Government and Ticket-splitting in Australia and the United States." Australian Journal of Political Science 33, no. 1 (March 1, 1998): 25–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10361149850705.

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Shugart, Matthew Soberg. "The Electoral Cycle and Institutional Sources of Divided Presidential Government." American Political Science Review 89, no. 2 (June 1995): 327–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2082428.

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Presidents often lack legislative majorities, but situations of opposition-party majorities (“divided government”) are much less common outside the United States. The president's party's share of seats tends to increase in early-term elections but decline in later elections. Thus opposition majorities often result after midterm elections. Opposition majorities rarely occur in elections held concurrently with the presidential election but are more likely to do so if legislators enjoy electoral independence from their parties due to features of electoral laws.
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Lohmann, Susanne, and Sharyn O'Halloran. "Divided government and U.S. trade policy: theory and evidence." International Organization 48, no. 4 (1994): 595–632. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020818300028320.

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If different parties control the U.S. Congress and White House, the United States may maintain higher import protection than otherwise. This proposition follows from a distributive politics model in which Congress can choose to delegate trade policymaking to the President. When the congressional majority party faces a President of the other party, the former has an incentive to delegate to but to constrain the President by requiring congressional approval of trade proposals by up-or-down vote. This constraint forces the President to provide higher protection in order to assemble a congressional majority. Evidence confirms that (1) the institutional constraints placed on the President's trade policymaking authority are strengthened in times of divided government and loosened under unified government and (2) U.S. trade policy was significantly more protectionist under divided than under unified government during the period 1949–90.
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Lee, Jongkon. "Strange Bedfellows: Cooperative Policy Making in a Divided Government." Korean Journal of Policy Studies 35, no. 2 (August 31, 2020): 25–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.52372/kjps35202.

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It is widely believed that the lack of bipartisanship between the executive and legislative branches in the United States is deleterious to policy making. However, a divided government is perhaps more productive than a unified government because it can facilitate electoral gains for the minority party. Policy created by a divided government can be seen as the collaborative outcome of the majority and minority parties, but that of a unified government is perceived as the exclusive work of the majority party. Further, successful policy making on the part of the unified government could have the effect of compromising the minority party’s brand. Thus, the minority party has more incentive to negotiate with the majority party and participate in policy making in a divided government. To the extent that party brand name assumes greater importance in elections in a polarized political system, a divided government could be more conducive to policy making than a unified government.
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Christensen, Adam, and Peter Friedman. "Divided Opinion." Mechanical Engineering 134, no. 07 (July 1, 2012): 40–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2012-jul-4.

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This article explores the need of a government regulation that will play a vital role in US long-term economic/environmental/energy stability strategy. It is also important to remember that at every stage of the rulemaking process, there are opportunities for the general public to voice opinions about the rule, and the agency is often required by law to consider each of these comments. The regulatory uncertainty is nearly as detrimental as the regulations themselves, and it is often counterproductive to the goal of improving the environment. Expert points out that the regulatory uncertainty is nearly as detrimental as the regulations themselves, and it is often counterproductive to the goal of improving the environment. The United States has abundant natural resources and the technical expertise to harness them. Now there is only a need to put in place policies that positively impact our energy picture and carefully consider policies that interfere with that goal.
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VanDervort, Thomas R. "WOULD ELIMINATION OF MIDTERM ELECTIONS REDUCE THE PROBLEMS OF DIVIDED GOVERNMENT IN THE UNITED STATES." Southeastern Political Review 15, no. 2 (November 12, 2008): 45–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-1346.1987.tb00235.x.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Divided government – United States"

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Feinman, David Eric. "Divided government and congressional foreign policy a case study of the post-World War II era in American government." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2011. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4891.

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The purpose of this research is to analyze the relationship between the executive and legislative branches of American federal government, during periods within which these two branches are led by different political parties, to discover whether the legislative branch attempts to independently legislate and enact foreign policy by using "the power of the purse" to either appropriate in support of or refuse to appropriate in opposition to military engagement abroad. The methodology for this research includes the analysis and comparison of certain variables, including public opinion, budgetary constraints, and the relative majority of the party that holds power in one or both chambers, and the ways these variables may impact the behavior of the legislative branch in this regard. It also includes the analysis of appropriations requests made by the legislative branch for funding military engagement in rejection of requests from the executive branch for all military engagements that occurred during periods of divided government from 1946 through 2009.
ID: 029809199; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Thesis (M.A.)--University of Central Florida, 2011.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 110-112).
M.A.
Masters
Political Science
Sciences
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Monroe, Nathan W. "Partisan dividends : the policy impact of partisan turnover /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC IP addresses, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3129943.

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Brown, David. "Delegation of Trade Authority to the President under Unified and Divided Government: The Institutional Significance." unrestricted, 2007. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-05312007-211101/.

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Thesis (B.A. Honors)--Georgia State University, 2007.
Title from file title page. Robert Sattelmeyer, committee chair; Daniel Franklin, Charles Hankla, committee members. Electronic text ( 45 p.) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed Oct. 15, 2007. Includes bibliographical references (45 p.).
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Mayo-Bobee, Dinah. "New England Federalists: Widening the Sectional Divide in Jeffersonian America." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. http://a.co/82Y1HDA.

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Introduction: the "gloomy night of democracy": Federalist opposition to the Three-Fifths Clause -- 1. "Have these Haytians no rights?": restricting maritime commerce to safeguard slavery (1805-1806) -- 2. "Indissolubly connected with commerce": nonimportation, southern sectionalism, and the defense of New England -- 3. "Squabbles in Madam Liberty's family": Jefferson's embargo and the causes of Federalist extremism (1807-1808) -- 4. "O grab me!": the justification for disunion (1808-1809) -- 5. "Sincere neutrality": war, moderates, and the Federalists Party's decline (1810-1820) -- Epilogue: Old Romans: Federalist activism and the antislavery legacy (1820-1865).
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Alharbi, Abdulrahman. "Dividend Policy in a Frontier Market and Sector Equity Traded Funds in the United States." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2017. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/2371.

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In chapter 1, we examine the nature and scale of the relationship between returns on sector Equity Traded Funds (ETFs) and their volatility. We discuss the source and direction of the effect between returns and risk and whether behavioral biases are prominent among sector ETFs. The study has implications for financial sector practitioners and investors, as it provides more information about the risk in sector ETF and whether that risk differs from that of other investment instruments. To this end, we test three hypotheses based on the relevant literature on volatility and returns: the leverage effect hypothesis, feedback hypothesis, and behavioral biases in assets pricing. We employ two measures of volatility in this chapter; specifically, we use the GARCH (1, 1) model and the Range-based autoregressive model. Chapter 2 presents an examination of the factors that affect payout policy in a frontier market. MSCI classifies the Saudi stock exchange as a large frontier market and proposes to be reclassified as an emerging market by next year. The Saudi market is characterized by the high governmental influence and dominance of individual traders on daily transactions. By studying the 12-year panel data, we assess the effect government, board characteristics, social norms and major shareholder on Saudi firms’ decision to distribute dividends. The government presence and investor taste, especially for Islamic-compliant firms, are discussed. This chapter provides valuable information for investors and practitioners by identifying the factors that should be considered when making finance and investment decisions in frontier markets.
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Schnese, Craig M. "United Nations divided states: peacekeeping in the 1990s." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/26822.

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This thesis examines the ability of the United Nations to use military forces to aid in the resolution of intrastate conflicts. The new spirit of multilateral activism has nurtured the belief that intervention in the internal conflicts of a state is legitimate and necessary to the peace and security of the world community at large. The purpose of this thesis is not to examine the validity of this claim. The purpose is to examine the ability of the United Nations to carry out this task. This thesis is structured around four chapters. Chapter II surveys the 'evolution' of the concept of peacekeeping and new roles assigned to U.N. forces. This chapter also examines an emerging trend in conflict in the late twentieth century - state disintegration. Chapter III investigates the ability of the United Nations to execute these new missions given its inherent limitations as a system of highly diverse political actors. Chapter IV evaluates the problems intrinsic in this new class of mission, such as the efficacy of the use of force and the requirements for the control of large tracts of territory. Chapter V is a case study of the political process as it emerged in the United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia (UNTAC). In the final analysis, this thesis contends that the United Nations security apparatus, as it presently exists, is ill-suited to deal with situations as intractable as Cambodia or Somalia. Cambodia, Coalitions, Low Intensity Conflict, Peacekeeping, Somalia, United Nations
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Bielski, Mark Francis. "Divided Poles in a divided nation : Poles in the Union and Confederacy in the American Civil War." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2014. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/5432/.

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This thesis studies a group of Poles embroiled in the American Civil War. They span three generations and share culture, nationality and devotion to their ideals. The common thread running through their lives is that they came from a country that had basically disintegrated at the end of the previous century, yet they carried the concepts of freedom that they inherited from their forefathers with them to America. Their ancestral Poland had been openly democratic and deemed dangerous to the autocratic imperial neighbours that partitioned it. These men came to a new country, then exercised their “Polishness” as they became embroiled in the great American upheaval, the Civil War. Of the nine of them examined, four sided with the North and four with the South. Another began in the Confederate cavalry and finished with the Union. In a war commonly categorized as a struggle between two American regions, there has not been significant attention devoted to Poles and foreigners in general. These men carried their belief in democratic liberalism with them from Europe in to the American War. Whether fighting to keep a Union together or to establish the new Confederacy, they held to their ideals and made a significant contribution.
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Campbell, Andrea C. "Party government in the United States senate /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC IP addresses, 2002. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3064456.

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Townsend, Jacqueline Michelle. "Managerial reforms within the United States government." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2005. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2881.

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This research project examines Presidential and Congressional attempts to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of the United States government. It describes prior reform efforts and then focuses on President George W. Bush's management agenda.
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Kim, Young Woon. "Contract Design in the United States Federal Government." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1275446269.

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Books on the topic "Divided government – United States"

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Fiorina, Morris P. Divided government. 2nd ed. Boston: Allyn and Bacon, 1996.

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Fiorina, Morris P. Divided government. 2nd ed. New York: Longman, 2003.

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Fiorina, Morris P. Divided government. New York: Macmillan, 1992.

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W, Cox Gary, and Kernell Samuel 1945-, eds. The Politics of divided government. Boulder, Colo: Westview Press, 1991.

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Schnese, Craig M. United Nations -- divided states: Peacekeeping in the 1990s. Monterey, Calif: Naval Postgraduate School, 1993.

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The United States as a divided nation: Past and present. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang, 2014.

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Jacobson, Gary C. The electoral origins of divided government: Competition in U.S. House elections, 1946-1988. Boulder: Westview Press, 1990.

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1945-, Kernell Samuel, and Kernell Samuel 1945-, eds. The logic of politics under divided government: The legacy of the 2006 elections. Washington, D.C: CQ Press, 2008.

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Assendelft, Laura A. Van. Governors, agenda setting, and divided government. Lanham, Md: University Press of America, 1997.

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The presidency, Congress, and divided government: A postwar assessment. College Station: Texas A&M University Press, 2003.

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Book chapters on the topic "Divided government – United States"

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Katz, R. S. "The United States: Divided Government and Divided Parties." In Party and Government, 202–24. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-24788-2_11.

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Elgie, Robert. "The United States: Divided Leadership." In Political Leadership in Liberal Democracies, 106–34. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-24216-0_5.

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Peters, B. Guy. "The United States of America." In Government Agencies, 69–76. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230359512_7.

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Mercier, Stephanie A., and Steve A. Halbrook. "Government Stockholding." In Agricultural Policy of the United States, 229–52. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36452-6_15.

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Woldendorp, Jaap, Hans Keman, and Ian Budge. "United States of America." In Party Government in 48 Democracies (1945–1998), 565–74. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2547-7_54.

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Hartley, Cathy. "The United States of America." In The International Directory of Government 2021, 699–716. 18th ed. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003179931-188.

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Tubilewicz, Czeslaw, and Natalie Omond. "Introduction to the United States’ paradiplomacy." In The United States’ Subnational Relations with Divided China, 1–28. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2021. | Series: Politics in Asia: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003166429-1.

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Brandt, Lawrence, and Valerie Gregg. "History of Digital Government Research in the United States." In Digital Government, 203–18. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-71611-4_11.

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Colander, David C., and Elgin F. Hunt. "Democratic Government in the United States." In Social Science, 291–313. 18th ed. New York: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003242390-20.

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Woloch, Isser. "The United States: Divided Government, Divided Nation." In The Postwar Moment, 343–404. Yale University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.12987/yale/9780300124354.003.0009.

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This chapter looks at the challenges faced by progressives in veterans organizations, the labor movement, national politics, and the 1948 presidential election in the U.S. The impact of domestic communism and anti-communism commands a prominent place here. The anti-communist affidavit required of union officials by the Taft–Hartley law of 1947 was an early warning sign of the tidal wave of anti-communism starting to wash over American political culture. No matter how the CIO (Congress of Industrial Organizations) acted, dealing with communist influence in its unions would divide the federation. However, the problem of communism in American public life went far beyond the confines of organized labor. It erupted most visibly in the Hollywood film studios and the broadcasting industry. Conflict within the American Veterans Committee (AVC) makes for an especially illuminating case study. The chapter then considers the fate of Harry Truman's “Fair Deal” program during his second term.
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Conference papers on the topic "Divided government – United States"

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C. Sipior, Janice, Burke T Ward, and Joanna Z. Marzec. "The Digital Divide in the United States and Worldwide." In 2001 Informing Science Conference. Informing Science Institute, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/2404.

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The Digital Divide has been defined as a gap between those with access to new information technologies and those without. The term is also used to characterize the disparity between those who can effectively use information technology and those who cannot. This paper explores the digital divide within the United States (U.S.) and worldwide. Factors contributing to the widening of the gap are identified, including differences in income, age, education, race, household type, and geographic location. In an effort to reduce the Digital Divide, initiatives have been undertaken, such as promoting increased competition to reduce equipment and internet connection costs and U.S. government legislation to provide incentives such as tax relief to Internet providers serving specific geographic areas, and the global initiative by the G- 8 Heads of State to help coordinate worldwide government efforts in closing the Digital Divide.
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Hölbling, Walter W. "American Studies in Europe: ‘Divided We Stand’." In Cross-cultural Readings of the United States. Filozofski fakultet u Zagrebu, FF Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.17234/wpas.2014.2.

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Garza Rodríguez, Fabiola Rosamaría. "Evaluación de indicadores socio-urbanos y estrategias de reforma para el centro de Monterrey." In Seminario Internacional de Investigación en Urbanismo. Barcelona: Facultad de Arquitectura. Universidad de la República, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/siiu.6153.

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Con la llegada de la industrialización, la ciudad de Monterrey comenzó un proceso acelerado de crecimiento urbano y demográfico. El trabajo que ofrecían las industrias aunado a la cercanía con Estados Unidos originó que miles de mexicanos del resto del país se trasladaran a Monterrey en busca de mejor suerte. A partir de los años sesenta y gracias al slogan de “la ciudad moderna” el centro comienza a experimentar un fenómeno de migración de población hacia la periferia, ocasionando al paso de los años que en el imaginario colectivo este centro sea visto sólo como un lugar de transferencia. Actualmente, es claro que el centro de Monterrey se encuentra en estado preocupante de deterioro y abandono por lo que han surgido diversas estrategias de reforma urbana que buscan mejorar la calidad de este entorno para sus habitantes, sin embargo, cuentan con algunas debilidades que les impiden ser del todo acertadas. La investigación se divide en dos fases. La primera consiste en analizar el centro a través de un sistema de indicadores socio-urbanos con el fin de obtener la realidad urbana, mientras que la segunda fase consiste en clasificar y analizar las estrategias de reforma y determinar si existe una correlación entre estas estrategias y la lectura real del centro. With the advent of industrialization, the city of Monterrey began an accelerated process of demographic and urban growth. Its proximity with the United States plus the work that the industries offered, made that thousands of mexicans came to Monterrey searching better luck. Thanks to the slogan “the modern city” on the decade of the sixties, the center began to experience a phenomenon of migration of population to the perihpery. With the years, this phenomenon made that the collective imagination of the society associate the center of Monterrey as a place to transfer from one site to another. Currently, it’s more than obvious that Monterrey’s center is deteriorated. This is why, the government has arisen various urban reform strategies to improve the quality of its environment. As everything, these strategies have some weakness that prevent them to be completely sucessfull. This research is divided in two phases. The first one analyzes the centre through a socio-urban indicators system in order to obtain the real lectura of this site. While the second stage is to classify and analyze the strategies of reform and determine if there is a correlation between these strategies and the analysis
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Stein, Howard. "Fleet Experience with Daytime Running Lights in the United States." In SAE Government Industry Meeting and Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/851239.

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حسين عبد الجبوري, احمد. "Forced displacement from the outskirts of Kirkuk in 2014 challenges and hopes for return." In Peacebuilding and Genocide Prevention. University of Human Development, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21928/uhdicpgp/9.

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"Introduction: Military and political crises and conflicts have been part of the reality of many countries of the world, which are witnessing political, economic, social, intellectual, cultural and sectarian changes that have made violence and terrorism an essential material for expressing the content of the conflict and its extensions, then turning to other societies. In mid-2014, Iraq was subjected to a fierce attack by the so-called Islamic State (ISIS) on the governorates of Mosul, Kirkuk, Salah al-Din, Diyala and Anbar, which led to the occupation of some of them by the organization's forces, and thus led to the forced migration of hundreds of thousands of people to the safe provinces. Stable, the extension of this crisis and its various effects made it a strategic challenge for Iraq that requires exceptional national efforts to achieve stability and ensure the return of the displaced to their areas of residence within a legal framework of a humanitarian nature. The problem of the study: The problem of the research lies in answering several questions that were raised in the study, which are what are the reasons that led to this forced migration and mass displacement, and what are the challenges facing the displaced and displaced in Kirkuk, and how to coexist amid the charged atmosphere in the city of Kirkuk, which is threatened by invasion from Before the forces of the organization, and how to reach solutions that satisfy all parties and end this crisis and ensure the dignified return of the displaced families to their homes after the liberation of the region and the restoration of security to it. Study hypothesis: The hypothesis that the researcher starts from in order to answer the questions raised by the problematic, confirmed or denied by the data of the study. Therefore, the absence of a unified national strategy that addresses the crisis of forced displacement and mass displacement in Iraq in general and in Kirkuk in particular and responds to the requirements of their relief and return to their areas would reduce the The quality of the humanitarian response policy and achieve social justice befitting the life of the Iraqi citizen. The importance of the study: The importance of this research comes since the crisis of forced displacement and mass displacement began in mid-2014, after ISIS took control of the northern and central regions of Iraq, the humanitarian emergency in Iraq became more severe, according to United Nations estimates, as the number of displaced people in Iraq exceeded Nearly three million displaced people, while more than eight million people are in need of humanitarian assistance, and with the lack of funding by the United Nations, and the presence of the Iraqi government and the Kurdistan Regional Government also under economic pressure as a result of the war on ISIS, the protection of human rights and the provision of assistance are at risk Also at great risk. Objectives of the study: 1- Getting to know the international evidence for the displaced. 2- The impact of the characteristics of the displaced in Kirkuk and the effects of the crisis. 3- Knowing the national efforts to curb the effects of the crisis. 4- Defining the general framework for the sustainable solutions required to ensure the success of return or resettlement cases. Study methodology: The study adopted the analytical method of an inductive nature based on reality, as a method in proving the hypothesis in order to reach the research objectives. Structure of the study: The study was divided into two sections. The first section included the challenges facing the displaced in Kirkuk, which included three main axes: first the political and security challenges, secondly the economic challenges, and thirdly the social challenges. The second topic dealt with the procedures used to deal with the crisis, which was divided into the situation The government from the crisis, the position of local associations and international organizations from the crisis, and finally the proposed solutions to end the crisis of forced displacement and displacement in Iraq in general and Kirkuk in particular. Results of the study: The study reached several results, including 1- The relief programs and the humanitarian response policy were unable to mitigate the economic, social and psychological impact of the displaced, which deepened the severity of the crisis and its repercussions. 2- Doubling the national and international effort is a necessity to limit the spillover effects of the crisis, provided that these efforts are linked and encapsulated by legal frameworks. 3- Returning to the liberated areas is among the most sustainable solutions. Therefore, the return of the displaced must be accompanied by achieving stability, providing services and security. Sources study: The sources of the study varied from the reports of the High Commission for Human Rights in Iraq, UNICEF, Amnesty International of the United Nations, and the reports of the International Organization for Migration and other organizations that used to issue their periodic reports and in numbers on the tragic conditions experienced by the Iraqi diaspora, including the book The Displacement Crisis in Safe Iraq. And protection issued by the Cisfire Center for Civilian Rights in London, the national report on human development in Iraq, the reports of the World Food Program, and other sources in the course of the study. "
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Ortiz, JR, ML Aitken, and CH Goss. "Influenza Vaccination Coverage in Cystic Fibrosis Exceeds United States Government Goals." In American Thoracic Society 2009 International Conference, May 15-20, 2009 • San Diego, California. American Thoracic Society, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2009.179.1_meetingabstracts.a1441.

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Dhivani Gusmi, Adibah, and Achmad Nurmandi. "Algorithmic Government Framework to Support Government Data Disclosure." In 8th International Conference on Human Interaction and Emerging Technologies. AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002779.

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This study aims to analyze the working concept of government algorithms in supporting government data openness. The focus of this research was on the United States, United Kingdom, the Netherlands, and Spain. In the digital era, the government is guided to be active in providing information to the public. This study focuses on implementing data disclosure in the United States, England, the Netherlands, and Spain. This study uses qualitative methods, and the tools used for statistical and bibliometric analysis are VOSviewer and NVivo Plus 12. The data sources for this research are 363 articles on Open Government. Data has increased in the last ten years in the Scopus database. The data analysis phase of this research uses VOSviewer with simple statistical and bibliometric analysis. The results of data analysis show that the most popular keywords are information, ogd itself, and citizens. The trend found that many studies focused more on transparency, information, citizens, and OGD. However, the keywords used also change every year. Each country has a different algorithm for open government. The United States finds more transparency in compiling data. Meanwhile, the UK talks more about the availability of data to make digital government implemented efficiently. It also strengthens the policy that the Netherlands enforces open government data to investigate criminal cases that refer to citizen/community involvement in the Netherlands. Lastly, Spain pays attention to the transparency used to inform some policies in Spain. In the four countries mentioned transparency and information. Also, it is stated that citizen engagement is also a significant finding in each article. However, there are failures to have open government data mainly due to the site and its licenses. They examined the open data that the government uses today as part of an algorithm that has worked previously with experts in computers and information technology.
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Felrice, Barry. "New Performance Standards – Harmonization of European and United States Standards (FMVSS 135) and Aftermarket Standards." In SAE Government Industry Meeting and Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/880955.

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Liu, Zhen, Jie Yang, and Yingkang Gu. "Tourism E-commerce between China and United States: A Case Study of Ctrip and Expedia." In 2009 International Conference on Management of e-Commerce and e-Government. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmecg.2009.62.

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Zhi, Li. "Function of the United States Federal Government in Hydroelectric Development and its Inspiration for China." In 2014 International Conference on Economic Management and Trade Cooperation (EMTC 2014). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/emtc-14.2014.37.

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Reports on the topic "Divided government – United States"

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Lazonick, William. Investing in Innovation: A Policy Framework for Attaining Sustainable Prosperity in the United States. Institute for New Economic Thinking Working Paper Series, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36687/inetwp182.

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“Sustainable prosperity” denotes an economy that generates stable and equitable growth for a large and growing middle class. From the 1940s into the 1970s, the United States appeared to be on a trajectory of sustainable prosperity, especially for white-male members of the U.S. labor force. Since the 1980s, however, an increasing proportion of the U.S labor force has experienced unstable employment and inequitable income, while growing numbers of the business firms upon which they rely for employment have generated anemic productivity growth. Stable and equitable growth requires innovative enterprise. The essence of innovative enterprise is investment in productive capabilities that can generate higher-quality, lower-cost goods and services than those previously available. The innovative enterprise tends to be a business firm—a unit of strategic control that, by selling products, must make profits over time to survive. In a modern society, however, business firms are not alone in making investments in the productive capabilities required to generate innovative goods and services. Household units and government agencies also make investments in productive capabilities upon which business firms rely for their own investment activities. When they work in a harmonious fashion, these three types of organizations—household units, government agencies, and business firms—constitute “the investment triad.” The Biden administration’s Build Back Better agenda to restore sustainable prosperity in the United States focuses on investment in productive capabilities by two of the three types of organizations in the triad: government agencies, implementing the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act, and household units, implementing the yet-to-be-passed American Families Act. Absent, however, is a policy agenda to encourage and enable investment in innovation by business firms. This gaping lacuna is particularly problematic because many of the largest industrial corporations in the United States place a far higher priority on distributing the contents of the corporate treasury to shareholders in the form of cash dividends and stock buybacks for the sake of higher stock yields than on investing in the productive capabilities of their workforces for the sake of innovation. Based on analyzes of the “financialization” of major U.S. business corporations, I argue that, unless Build Back Better includes an effective policy agenda to encourage and enable corporate investment in innovation, the Biden administration’s program for attaining stable and equitable growth will fail. Drawing on the experience of the U.S. economy over the past seven decades, I summarize how the United States moved toward stable and equitable growth from the late 1940s through the 1970s under a “retain-and-reinvest” resource-allocation regime at major U.S. business firms. Companies retained a substantial portion of their profits to reinvest in productive capabilities, including those of career employees. In contrast, since the early 1980s, under a “downsize-and-distribute” corporate resource-allocation regime, unstable employment, inequitable income, and sagging productivity have characterized the U.S. economy. In transition from retain-and-reinvest to downsize-and-distribute, many of the largest, most powerful corporations have adopted a “dominate-and-distribute” resource-allocation regime: Based on the innovative capabilities that they have previously developed, these companies dominate market segments of their industries but prioritize shareholders in corporate resource allocation. The practice of open-market share repurchases—aka stock buybacks—at major U.S. business corporations has been central to the dominate-and-distribute and downsize-and-distribute regimes. Since the mid-1980s, stock buybacks have become the prime mode for the legalized looting of the business corporation. I call this looting process “predatory value extraction” and contend that it is the fundamental cause of the increasing concentration of income among the richest household units and the erosion of middle-class employment opportunities for most other Americans. I conclude the paper by outlining a policy framework that could stop the looting of the business corporation and put in place social institutions that support sustainable prosperity. The agenda includes a ban on stock buybacks done as open-market repurchases, radical changes in incentives for senior corporate executives, representation of workers and taxpayers as directors on corporate boards, reform of the tax system to reward innovation and penalize financialization, and, guided by the investment-triad framework, government programs to support “collective and cumulative careers” of members of the U.S. labor force. Sustained investment in human capabilities by the investment triad, including business firms, would make it possible for an ever-increasing portion of the U.S. labor force to engage in the productive careers that underpin upward socioeconomic mobility, which would be manifested by a growing, robust, and hopeful American middle class.
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Smith, Matthew N. United States Government Support of Pickens' Energy Plan. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada500618.

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Ettlinger, Michael, Jordan Hensley, and Julia Vieira. Government Spending Across the World: How the United States Compares. University of New Hampshire Libraries, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.34051/p/2020.367.

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Boustan, Leah Platt, Fernando Ferreira, Hernan Winkler, and Eric Zolt. Income Inequality and Local Government in the United States, 1970-2000. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, August 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w16299.

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Boskin, Michael, Marc Robinson, and Alan Huber. Government Saving, Capital Formation and Wealth in the United States, 1947-1985. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, August 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w2352.

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Ackiss, Jason R., and V. P. Balaji. Analysis of United States Air Forces Central Government Purchase Card Reachback Viability. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada555659.

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Pomar, Alexandre. The United States? Criminal Justice System Divided*: ?On the Connection between the Exclusionary Rule and Preserving Civil Liberties. Portland State University Library, January 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/honors.238.

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Cosentino, Guy T. The United States Government Interagency Process and the Failure of Institution Building in Iraq. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada493728.

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Taylor, Barry N., and Barry N. Taylor. Interpretation of the SI for the United States and federal government metric conversion policy. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.sp.814e1998.

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Kim, Namsuk, and John Joseph Wallis. The Market for American State Government Bonds in Britain and the United States, 1830-1843. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, November 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w10108.

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