Academic literature on the topic 'Diversification indicator'
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Journal articles on the topic "Diversification indicator"
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Baruah, Ujjal Deka, Nitashree Mili, Manjil Basumatary, and Anup Saikia. "Assessment of Spatial Pattern And Distribution Of Major Crops in Assam, India." Space and Culture, India 7, no. 4 (March 29, 2020): 92–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.20896/saci.v7i4.583.
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Various indicators such as production, yield, mechanisation of farms, workforce engaged in farming are generally used for the evaluation of the status of the agricultural sector in a region. Of these, the cropping pattern is one such indicator that signifies how developed the farming system of a region is. To assess the cropping pattern, a number of statistical indices are available—cropping intensity, crop combination, crop concentration, and crop diversification. This research seeks to evaluate the cropping pattern in Assam, India and examines the status of its agricultural sector. It was found that the cropping intensity increased at a gradual rate of 3% per decade. A total of nine statistical indices were used to estimate crop diversification. These indices were compared amongst themselves to determine the most optimal method for the study area. It was found that the ogive and entropy methods were best suited to Assam in an evaluation of its crop diversification. Further, these crop diversification values were ranked and thereafter, a composite score (Kendall’s method) was derived. The composite score indicated that much of western and northern Assam had a high degree of crop diversification.
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Duflot, R., K. Eyvindson, and M. Mönkkönen. "Management diversification increases habitat availability for multiple biodiversity indicator species in production forests." Landscape Ecology 37, no. 2 (November 29, 2021): 443–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10980-021-01375-8.
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Abstract Context Forest biodiversity is closely linked to habitat heterogeneity, while forestry actions often cause habitat homogenization. Alternative approaches to even-aged management were developed to restore habitat heterogeneity at the stand level, but how their application could promote habitat diversity at landscape scale remains uncertain. Objectives We tested the potential benefit of diversifying management regimes to increase landscape-level heterogeneity. We hypothesize that different styles of forest management would create a diverse mosaic of forest habitats that would in turn benefit species with various habitat requirements. Methods Forest stands were simulated under business-as-usual management, set-aside (no management) and 12 alternative management regimes. We created virtual landscapes following diversification scenarios to (i) compare the individual performance of management regimes (no diversification), and (ii) test for the management diversification hypothesis at different levels of set-aside. For each virtual landscape, we evaluated habitat availability of six biodiversity indicator species, multispecies habitat availability, and economic values of production. Results Each indicator species responded differently to management regimes, with no single regime being optimal for all species at the same time. Management diversification led to a 30% gain in multispecies habitat availability, relative to business-as-usual management. By selecting a subset of five alternative management regimes with high potential for biodiversity, gains can reach 50%. Conclusions Various alternative management regimes offer diverse habitats for different biodiversity indicator species. Management diversification can yield large gains in multispecies habitat availability with no or low economic cost, providing a potential cost-effective biodiversity tool if the management regimes are thoughtfully selected.
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Fesenmaier, Daniel R., and Stanley R. Lieber. "Destination diversification as an indicator of activity compatibility: An exploratory analysis." Leisure Sciences 10, no. 3 (January 1988): 167–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01490408809512187.
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Espoir, Lukau Matezo. "Determinant of export diversification." International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147- 4478) 9, no. 7 (December 12, 2020): 130–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v9i7.942.
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The main objective of this work is to identify the explanatory factors determining the diversification of exports in SADC countries during the period 1990-2018. We regress the indicator of export diversification, measured successively by the Herfindahl-Hirschman index on a set of explanatory variables. Using a next-generation panel data approach is applied, such as panel unit root, panel cointegration, fully modified OLS (FMOLS), and Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS). The result of unit root tests for all these variables are stationary at their first difference and integrated of order one. Our results show that there is a long-term relationship between export diversification and GDP, openness to trade, accumulation of human and physical capital, foreign direct investment. All of its variables are the main explanatory factors for the diversification of exports in SADC countries.
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Namyślak, Beata. "Regional diversification of cultural sector potential in Poland." Bulletin of Geography. Socio-economic Series 45, no. 45 (September 22, 2019): 95–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bog-2019-0026.
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AbstractThe article presents an assessment of the potential of the cultural sector in Poland from a regional perspective. The author analysed statistical data from 2005–2017 on changes in demand for selected cultural products and services. A conclusion was reached using linear sequencing, which aimed to establish a value for a synthetic indicator showing the situation of the cultural sector in the regions. This indicator was calculated on the basis of characteristics referring to cultural infrastructure resources, cultural activities, cultural expenditure and income in the cultural sector. In the obtained list of regions, the highest places were achieved by the Lubelskie, Zachodniopomorskie and Dolnośląskie voivodships. The weakest result was achieved by the Świętokrzyskie Voivodship. However, the scores obtained were generally low – none of the regions achieved high scores in all partial values. Considering the relatively small differences between the values of the indicator, it is possible that the obtained picture will change due, among others, to the high dynamics of changes in expenditures being incurred in the cultural sector.
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Kovrizhnykh, Olga, Irina Vyachina, and Regina Makarenko. "Improving the methodology for selecting projects for diversified development of single-industry towns." Scientific notes of the Russian academy of entrepreneurship 19, no. 1 (March 25, 2020): 82–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.24182/2073-6258-2020-19-1-82-90.
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The article deals with the problems of diversified development of single-industry towns and the selection of projects for priority financing. The authors propose a method for selecting the best diversification projects and calculating an integral indicator of the effectiveness of diversification using an analytical hierarchical procedure.
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Nazarkul Ugli, Odinaev Namozjon. "The Role Of Export Diversification In Providing Sustainable Economic Growth." American Journal of Social Science and Education Innovations 02, no. 10 (October 31, 2020): 372–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajssei/volume02issue10-60.
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Sustainable economic growth is the key to a prosperous life. Therefore, the country is paying more and more attention to attracting large investments, increasing the pace of production and thereby strengthening the export and import processes. This is because efficient and high-quality production is a key indicator of economic growth. As a result, the country will be able to export its products to foreign markets and improve the balance of payments. This article also discusses the role of exports and its diversification in the sustainable economic growth of our country
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Bielienkova, O. Yu. "Аlgorithm of diversification management of the enterprise activity." Ways to Improve Construction Efficiency 2, no. 47 (January 29, 2021): 132–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/2707-501x.2021.47(2).132-144.
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The algorithm of management of diversification of the enterprise which is based on unity of three main spheres of activity, namely: operational, investment and financial is offered. This combination allows to take into account the comprehensive support of diversification programs and eliminate imbalances and imbalances in the development of enterprises that may arise during the diversification of production. The analysis and generalization of theoretical preconditions of formation of programs of diversification is carried out, the review of sources in the field of management of production programs at the enterprise level, diversification of production, balanced development is carried out.
The research methods are comparative analysis and synthesis, reproductive method, modeling.
As an indicator of the feasibility of diversification used the excess of future return on capital of the enterprise over its value. A diversification program should be adopted when such a ratio is the maximum of the alternatives for a given development option, and should be rejected if it is not supported in different diversification options.
It is revealed that diversification of production activity is one of the ways of development, which affects the investment, financial, operational spheres, leading to sustainable qualitative and quantitative changes of the enterprise. This method of development, acting as a way to reduce risks, helps to increase the financial stability of the enterprise, and hence increase its potential. The created algorithm allows to carry out management of diversification of activity of the enterprise taking into account such important components as cost of the capital and its profitability.
The use of the proposed algorithm article is only one of the ways to manage diversification, which should be combined with budgeting, economic and mathematical modeling, methods of expert evaluation, the creation of simulation models and more. Today there is a need to develop indicators of the effectiveness of diversification programs, assess the feasibility of their implementation and develop models that take into account the peculiarities of the functioning of enterprises in different sectors of the economy.
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Borkowsky, William, Elizabeth J. McFarland, Ram Yogev, Yonghua Li, and Paul Harding. "Correlation of HIV-Specific Immunity, Viral Control, and Diversification following Planned Multiple Exposures to Autologous HIV in a Pediatric Population." Clinical and Vaccine Immunology 18, no. 10 (August 3, 2011): 1628–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cvi.05176-11.
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ABSTRACTRepeated controlled exposure to autologous virus was previously shown to result in increased CD8 T lymphocyte response to HIV antigens and accompanying reduction in viremia. We attempted to see if this immunity contributed to virologic control by correlating the immune response with quasispecies envelope diversification, an indicator of immune selection. The greatest diversification was seen in those with the greatest reduction in viremia but was unrelated to the frequency of Env-specific gamma interferon-producing cells. There was a trend toward correlation between the response to multiple HIV antigens and diversification.
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Vasilyeva, R. I., V. A. Voitenkov, and A. R. Urazbaeva. "Modelling of the Influence of Regional Determinants on Export Diversification in Russia." Journal of Applied Economic Research 21, no. 1 (2022): 79–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/vestnik.2022.21.1.004.
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The dependence of Russian exports on hydrocarbon products negatively affects the country's economy due to the high volatility of oil and gas prices. The purpose of the study is to assess the degree of export diversification of Russia's regions and to determine the main determinants of export diversification. The hypothesis of the study is that in order to increase the number of exporters and the volume of international trade, the regions of Russia need to balance the structure of exports and actively develop small and medium-sized businesses. To identify regional determinants of export diversification in Russia, we use panel data for 83 entities of the Russian Federation for the period from 2001 to 2019. Within the analysis, we calculate the indicator of export diversification at the regional level using the Herfindahl and Theil indices and implement the quantile regression approach, which allows us to solve the heteroscedasticity problem and identify regions with high, medium, and low levels of export diversification. The study considers such regional characteristics as small and medium-sized businesses, the index of business potential and risk, the region's openness to international trade, the natural resources endowment, and also take into account the impact of sanctions imposed against Russia. The results of the study show that regions with the lowest level of export diversification have more opportunities to reduce the export concentration. The most significant factor contributing to export diversification is the number of small and medium enterprises in the region. At the same time, the analysis revealed that the vast majority of regional characteristics increase export concentration, for example, the extraction of natural resources, the import of technologies, the indicator of openness, risk and potential of companies. The results obtained complement the existing literature on export diversification in Russia and can be used to develop recommendations for improving government policy in terms of the reduction of oil and gas share in the overall exports structure.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Diversification indicator"
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Музиченко, М. В. "Диферсифікація ринку природного газу ЄС в контексті забезпечення енергетичної безпеки (автореферат)." Thesis, ХНУ імені В. Н. Каразіна, 2018. http://dspace.univer.kharkov.ua/handle/123456789/14174.
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Дисертація на здобуття наукового ступеня кандидата економічних наук за спеціальністю 08.00.02 – Світове господарство і міжнародні економічні відносини. – Харківський національний університет імені В.Н. Каразіна Міністерства освіти і науки України, Харків, 2018. Дисертація присвячена поглибленню теоретико-методичних засад дослідження диверсифікації ринку природного газу ЄС та обґрунтуванню перспективних напрямів підвищення енергетичної безпеки ЄС за рахунок диверсифікації ринку газу. У роботі запропоновано енергетичну безпеку трактувати як інтегральну категорію, яка охоплює соціальні, економічні, політичні, технологічні і екологічні фактори і характеризує стан забезпечення економіки енергоресурсами, за якого потреби у енергії задовольняються за стабільними та доступними цінами шляхом використання енергоресурсів з внутрішніх та зовнішніх джерел і стратегічних резервів через надійну та захищену внутрішню енергетичну інфраструктуру і диверсифіковані та стабільно доступні зовнішні джерела, не створюються загрози сталому розвитку та екологічній безпеці і впроваджені механізми мінімізації наявних і потенційних ризиків для енергетичної сфери. У ході дослідження з’ясовано, що в ЄС безпека постачання енергоресурсів визначається як стан забезпечення енергоресурсами, за якого основні енергетичні потреби мають бути задоволені завдяки спільному використанню внутрішніх енергетичних ресурсів та стратегічних резервів у прийнятних економічних умовах та з використанням диверсифікованих та доступних зовнішніх джерел. Проведено аналіз структури та особливостей сучасного ринку газу ЄС і встановлено, що цей ринок займає одне з ключових місць в загальній структурі виробництва первинної енергії в ЄС, а загальним вектором його розвитку є формування єдиного конкурентоспроможного ринку, ключовими елементами якого є вільна конкуренція та біржове ціноутворення на високоліквідних газових хабах. Виявлено, що концепція диверсифікації на основі довгострокових контрактів, яка останнім часом була традиційною в ЄС, на даний час не може повною мірою забезпечити отримання додаткових обсягів імпорту газу. Найбільш привабливою альтернативою є концепція диверсифікації на основі розвитку конкуренції. Запропоновано концептуально-методичний підхід до оцінки рівня диверсифікації ринку газу ЄС на основі індексу диверсифікації ринку, який дозволяє оцінити рівень диверсифікації ринку за основними його аспектами. Удосконалено інструментарій кількісної оцінки рівня диверсифікації зовнішніх джерел постачання, який дозволяє оцінити рівень їх диверсифікації з урахуванням політичної стабільності та економічної доцільності щодо держав-постачальників. Розроблено модель диверсифікації ринку газу, яка дозволяє оцінити як рівень диверсифікації ринку за основними аспектами, так і загальний рівень диверсифікації ринку газу в цілому. Здійснено оцінку рівня диверсифікації ринку газу ЄС і встановлено, що поточний рівень диверсифікації відповідає нормальному рівню диверсифікації. Обґрунтовано перспективні напрями підвищення енергетичної безпеки ЄС за рахунок диверсифікації ринку газу. Визначено пріоритетні шляхи підвищення рівня диверсифікації ринку природного газу України, реалізація комплексу завдань за якими забезпечить задовільний загальний рівень диверсифікації вітчизняного ринку природного газу та є передумовою успішної інтеграції до ринку природного газу ЄС. The thesis for the degree of Candidate of Economic Sciences, speciality 08.00.02 – World Economy and International Economic Relations. – V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, Kharkiv, 2018. The thesis is devoted to the in-depth study of the theoretical and methodological research principles of the EU natural gas market diversification as well as to the
substantiation of perspectives for the EU energy security increase due to the diversification of gas market. Various approaches to the interpretation of energy security by international organizations, individual countries and academic researchers have been explored in the thesis. It has been established that energy security can be explored either under a one-sided approach based on the security of energy supply or under a multi-faceted approach that takes into account a number of other important aspects of energy security, such as energy availability, energy efficiency and environmental safety. By generalizing the existing approaches to the definition of energy security it has been established that energy security in its broad sense is defined as the state of the Economy energy resources supply, with no threats to sustainable development, and where the mechanisms for compensating existing and potential risks, that may arise as a result of the negative influence of internal or external factors, are implemented. The paper proposes to treat energy security as an integral category that covers social, economic, political, technological and environmental factors and characterizes the state of the economy's energy supply, in which energy needs (in various forms and in sufficient quantities) are met at stable and affordable prices through the use of energy resources from internal and external sources and strategic reserves through a reliable and secure internal energy infrastructure and diversified and stable external energy supply sources, no threat to sustainable development and environmental safety, and mechanisms for minimizing existing and potential risks for the energy sector are introduced. It has been established that central component of the EU energy security is the energy supply security, which means the availability of continuous access to energy resources at affordable prices. The availability of energy resources is a multidimensional concept, the components of which are diversification of energy resources suppliers, spatial diversification of energy resources distribution, diversification of type energy resources and diversification of supply routes (pipelines). The study found that in the EU energy security supply is defined as a state of energy supply, in which the basic energy requirements should be covered through the joint use of internal energy resources and strategic reserves under acceptable economic conditions involving diversified and accessible external sources. Diversification encompasses three aspects: the diversification of supply sources, suppliers, and location of energy objects by spatial criterion. It has been discovered that in order to maintain the appropriate energy security level the energy sector should be characterized by the diversification of the complex of primary energy sources; diversification of electricity production at the expense of gas; diversification of the portfolio of energy resources suppliers; diversification of supply routes for imports; a tendency to reduce the energy intensity of GDP; reliable energy infrastructure; affordable prices. Evaluating the place and role of the diversification in the system of factors of ensuring the EU energy security as one of the largest importers of energy resources in the world, it was established that under the assurance of EU energy security is understood the process of reducing dependence on external energy suppliers through the development of own energy production, diversification of the internal energy portfolio and diversification of the energy resources supply from external sources, the formation of sufficient strategic energy resources reserves, energy efficiency, decarbonisation as a means to combat climate change and minimize pollution. The analysis of the structure and features of the modern EU gas market has proved that this market takes one of the key places in the overall structure of primary energy production in the EU, and its general development trend is the formation of a single competitive market by means of free competition and stock pricing in the most liquid gas hubs. It has been discovered that the concept of diversification on the basis of various longterm contracts can not at this time fully ensure the receipt of additional volumes of gas imports. The most attractive alternative for the coming years is the concept of supply diversification based on the development of competition. The conceptual-methodical approach to assessing the level of diversification of the EU gas market based on the market diversification index is proposed, which allows us to assess the level of market diversification in its main aspects. It is noted that the gas market diversification index is a quantitative measure of how much energy security is ensured in the aspect of diversifying gas supply. The tools for quantifying the level of diversification of external sources of supply have been improved, which allows us to assess the level of their diversification, taking into account political stability and economic expediency. The gas market diversification model is developed, which allows quantitatively and qualitatively to assess both the level of the gas market diversification in its main aspects and the overall level of the gas market diversification as a whole. The assessment of external and internal aspects of the EU gas market diversification has proved that the current level of diversification corresponds to the correct level of diversification according to the proposed scale of assessment. The analysis of the obtained assessments of the EU gas market diversification level has been carried out and promising directions of increasing EU energy security due to natural gas market diversification are provided. The program of diversification of the gas market of Ukraine is proposed on the basis of the analogue of the existing N-1 gas infrastructure standard in the EU. The priority directions of increasing the Ukraine natural gas market diversification level are identified, realization of the tasks complex on which proposed target indicators of Ukraine natural gas market diversification level on the main internal and external aspects inherent in the EU natural gas market, will provide a satisfactory overall level of the domestic natural gas market diversification and is a prerequisite for successful integration with the EU natural gas market. Obtained variants of target values of diversification as target parameters can then be based on the diversification programs and determine the main promising directions of Ukraine natural gas market development in terms of increasing energy efficiency, changing the structure of the energy mix, reduction of natural gas consumption, decreasing the dependence on imports, increasing the diversification level of the external supply sources and suppliers.
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Trinh, Bich-Thuy. "Diversification des ressources du réseau d’eau non potable parisien : contribution à une gestion durable des ressources en eau." Thesis, Paris Est, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PESC1219/document.
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A l’échelle d’une agglomération, réfléchir à une gestion durable de l’eau amène à s’interroger sur les liens entre les usages et les ressources : quelle qualité de l’eau est nécessaire pour quels usages ? Le contexte parisien est un terrain propice pour mener ce type de réflexion, grâce à l’existence d’un RENP, datant de la fin du XIXe siècle. Alimenté par les eaux sommairement traitées de la Seine (20%) et du canal de l’Ourcq (80%), ce réseau sert principalement aux usages municipaux : nettoyage des trottoirs, curage des égouts, arrosage des espaces verts et alimentation des lacs artificiels. Un modèle alternatif de gestion de l’eau à l’échelle parisienne devient aujourd’hui possible grâce à la décision de la Ville de Paris en mars 2012 de maintenir et de réhabiliter son RENP. Cette décision a été confirmée par l’approbation par le Conseil de Paris en septembre 2015 du schéma directeur des usages et du réseau d’eau non potable de Paris, pour la période 2015-2020. L’entreprise publique Eau de Paris, responsable du service de l’eau à Paris, a pour mission de mettre en œuvre les décisions et les orientations de ce schéma directeur. Dans une logique de moindre pression sur la ressource naturelle, une évolution possible de la gestion du RENP est la diversification de ses ressources. Les ressources potentielles considérées sont les eaux d’exhaure, les eaux usées traitées, les eaux de pluie et les eaux de piscine. La recherche vise à étudier la question suivante : Comment et à quelle conditions l’alimentation du RENP peut être gérée de manière durable sur le territoire parisien ? Pour ce faire, on réalise d’abord un état des lieux de la situation actuelle, puis on identifie les ressources potentielles et les enjeux associés. Puis deux approches sont menées. La première approche consiste à définir plusieurs choix de répartition des ressources du RENP, appelés scenarii. Les scénarii sont évalués et comparés grâce à la construction d’indicateurs de performance. La deuxième approche consiste à caractériser les positions des acteurs par rapport à la diversification des ressources du RENP. La caractérisation des positions est réalisée grâce à la conduite d’entretiens semi-directifs. Les résultats des deux approches sont enfin discutés. Les résultats de la recherche permettront de reposer la question du lien entre usages et qualité des eaux requise. Elle permettra de mettre en lumière les freins et les leviers pour la valorisation des ressources alternatives à l’eau potable. Enfin, elle alimentera les réflexions sur le statut même de l’eau potable dans un contexte de gestion durable de la ressourceAt the scale of a city, a sustainable water management raises questions about the links between uses and resources: what water quality is needed for what purpose? The Parisian context is a favourable ground for conducting such type of reflection thanks to the existence of a non-potable water network (RENP) dating from the late nineteenth century. The network is currently supplied by summarily filtrated water from the Seine river (20%) and the canal de l’Ourcql (80%). It is mainly used for municipal purposes: Parisian streets and sewers cleaning, water supply of artificial lakes and green areas watering. An alternative model of water management at Parisian scale is today possible thanks to the decision of the City of Paris in March 2012 to maintain and rehabilitate its RENP. This decision has been confirmed by the approval by the Council of Paris in September 2015 of the master plan of the RENP and its uses (“Schéma directeur des usages et du réseau d’eau non potable de Paris”) for the period of 2015-2020. The public company Eau de Paris, responsible for the water service in Paris, is mandated to implement the decisions and orientations of the master plan. In the context of pressure reduction on natural resources, one potential evolution of the RENP management is its resources diversification. The considered potential resources are mine water, treated wastewater, rain water and swimming pool water. The research raises the following question: How and under what conditions can the RENP supply be sustainably managed on the Parisian territory? In order to answer this question, one first carries out a description of the current situation, then one identifies the potential resources and the associated risen questions. Two approaches are proposed afterwards. The first approach involves the definition of several choices of RENP resource repartition, called scenarii. These scenarii are assessed and compared through performance indicators. The second approach consists of the characterization of the actors’ positions regarding the RENP resource diversification. The characterization of the positions is achieved through conducting semi-structured interviews. Results of both approaches are finally discussed.The results of the research will enable to re-examine the question of the relationship between the water uses and the required water quality. It will highlight the brakes and levers for the valorization of alternative resources to drinking water. It will enrich the reflections on the status of drinking water in the context of sustainable water management
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Isaac, Massimo Jorge. "Aplicação de um processo de melhoria em uma empresa de adesivos utilizando diversificação mercadologica como foco de mudanças." [s.n.], 2006. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/264823.
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Orientador: Ademir Jose PetenateDissertação (mestrado profissional) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecanica
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Resumo: Este trabalho tem como objetivo demonstrar a aplicação de um processo de melhoria em uma empresa de adesivos, através da diversificação mercadológica e com indicadores de desempenho e mensuração dos objetivos almejados, pelo método do Balanced Scorecard. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que a organização evoluiu do estágio de eminente inviabilidade econômica para um patamar de viabilidade e lucratividade
Abstract: This resource paper was developed in order to purpose an application of an improvement process in a Printer Company of Stickers, trough a marketing diversification and measurement of the results by The Balanced Scorecard. The achieve results demonstrate that the company became profitable and economically viable
Mestrado
Gestão da Qualidade Total
Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica
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Carlsson, Maria, Louise Gjelstad, and Emma Martinsson. "Konsten att styra en organisation : Målstyrning inom kreativa näringar med relaterat diversifierad verksamhetsstruktur." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för ekonomistyrning och logistik (ELO), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-53675.
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Bakgrund och forskningsfråga: Målstyrning är ett viktigt hjälpmedel för företag i deras strävan efter att följa sina strategier. Målstyrning kan ske genom användning av formella eller informella styrmedel, och ska anpassas efter varje enskilt företag. Traditionella affärsverksamheter har ofta som fokus att generera vinst och använder sig främst av formella styrmedel. Kreativa näringar har istället sitt fokus på kreativiteten, och använder sig främst av informella styrmedel. Kreativa företag har inte samma möjlighet att konkurrera på marknaden som traditionella affärsverksamheter, men den ekonomiska aspekten är fortfarande viktig då det är ett krav för deras fortlevnad. Flertalet kreativa näringar väljer att diversifiera sin verksamhet inom relaterade områden för att skapa en mer stabil ekonomi. Detta medför dock en utmaning i att behålla kreativiteten inom ett område, trots en diversifierad verksamhetsstruktur. Studiens övergripande forskningsfråga är: Hur håller kreativa företag, inom konstsektorn, med relaterat diversifierad verksamhetsstruktur samman hela organisationen genom målstyrning? Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att beskriva hur kreativa företag med flertalet olika verksamhetsgrenar utformat sin målstyrning med hjälp av olika formella och informella styrmedel. Ytterligare ett syfte är att analysera vilka fördelar och nackdelar de olika styrmedlen skapar för företagen gällande deras målstyrning. Metod: Denna studie utgör en fallstudie av två kreativa näringar. Undersökningen utgår från en abduktiv forskningsansats med en kvalitativ forskningsstrategi. Den teoretiska referensramen är främst baserad på insamlat material från litteratur och vetenskapliga artiklar. Det empiriska materialet utgörs främst av ingående personliga intervjuer, samt viss information från hemsidor tillhörande de organisationer som deltar i denna studie. Slutsats: Kreativa näringar med relaterat diversifierad verksamhetsstruktur använder formella styrmedel för att styra de ekonomiska aspekterna och informella styrmedel för att styra kreativiteten och de anställdas beteenden. Denna målstyrning gör att de kan uppfylla både deras ekonomiska och konstnärliga mål och hålla samman sin relaterat diversifierade verksamhetstruktur.Background and research question: Performance management is an important tool for businesses in their efforts to pursue their strategies. Performance management can be achieved through the use of formal or informal control instruments, and should be tailored to each individual company. Traditional businesses often have the focus to generate profit and primarily use formal control instruments. Creative industries have instead its focus on creativity, and primarily use informal control instruments. Creative companies do not have the same opportunity to compete in the market as traditional businesses, but the financial aspect is still important as it is a requirement for their survival. Most creative industries choose to diversify their business in related areas to create a more stable economy. However, this means a challenge to retain the creativity in one area, despite a diversified business structure. The study's overall research question is: How do creative businesses, in the arts sector, with a related diversified business structure hold together the entire organization through performance management? Objective: The purpose of this study is to describe how creative companies with several different branches of business activity have designed its performance management using different formal and informal control instruments. Another purpose is to analyze the advantages and disadvantages that the different control instruments create for companies concerning their performance management. Method: This study is a case study of two creative industries. The survey is based on an abductive research approach with a qualitative research strategy. The theoretical framework is mainly based on material collected from literature and scientific articles. The empirical material consists mainly of detailed personal interviews, as well as certain information from websites belonging to organizations involved in this study. Conclusion: Creative industries with a related diversified business structure are using formal control instruments to steer the financial aspects and informal control instruments to steer creativity and employee behavior. This performance management enables them to meet both their financial and artistic goals and hold together its related diversified business structure.
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Santana, Ana Paula Silva de. "A diversificação de cultivos na sustentabilidade da agricultura familiar no município de Lagarto-SE." Universidade Federal de Sergipe, 2014. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/4126.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorSince 1960s a more pronounced concern for the environmental issues has expressed and susceptible to search for sustainable viable solutions and environmental protection in many countries. Within this context, the family farming manifested as favorable environment, at the socioeconomic level and environment, to the access of sustainability, rural development, food security and the fight against the inland communities poverty. The aim of this research is to analyze the sustainability of family farming in the municipality of Lagarto, Sergipe State. For this aim, was selected the Irrigated Perimeter of Piauí from Lagarto, this locality presents crops and different ways of management. Hence, was relied on the assumption that crop diversification in agriculture tends to contribute to more sustainable systems of both the social, economic and environmental point of view. The study is ruled by theoretical sources that address family farming, sustainable agriculture and the use of indicators for assessing sustainability in agriculture, from the systemic approach. The selection and analysis of indicators were based on |Indicateurs method durabilité des exploitations Agricoles IDEA|, with adaptations, which have identified the main factors that limit the sustainability in family production systems of the study area. As a result it was found that the axis of agricultural sustainability with lower average was the agri-environment, and for which one must seek improvements. Was also identified the low crop diversification in both the conventional system as the organic system, provides lower conditions of financial income in the properties. Thus, it is emphasized that crop diversification in agricultural production systems promotes higher levels of sustainability.
A partir da década de sessenta uma preocupação mais acentuada das questões ambientais tornou suscetível à busca por soluções viáveis de sustentabilidade e proteção ao meio ambiente em diversos países. Neste aspecto, a agricultura familiar manifestou-se como ambiente favorável, tanto em nível socioeconômico quanto ambiental, ao acesso da sustentabilidade, desenvolvimento rural, segurança alimentar e combate à pobreza no campo. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar a sustentabilidade da agricultura familiar no município de Lagarto/SE. Para tanto, selecionou-se o Perímetro Irrigado Piauí no referido município por apresentar plantios e formas de manejo diversificadas. Destarte, apoiou-se na concepção de que a diversificação de cultivos na agricultura tende a contribuir com sistemas mais sustentáveis do ponto de vista social, econômico e ambiental. O estudo foi pautado em referenciais teóricos que abordam a agricultura familiar, agricultura sustentável e o uso de indicadores para a avaliação da sustentabilidade na agricultura, a partir do enfoque sistêmico e em pesquisa de campo. Os indicadores foram selecionados e analisados com base no método Indicateurs de Durabilité des Exploitations Agricoles IDEA, com adaptações, que permitiram identificar os principais fatores que limitam a sustentabilidade nos sistemas de produção familiar da área de estudo. Como resultado detectou-se que o eixo agroambiental contribuiu com a obtenção de menores índices de sustentabilidade, sendo a baixa diversificação de cultivos e a baixa biodiversidade, tanto no sistema convencional quanto no sistema orgânico, os aspectos responsáveis pelas condições mais limitantes nas propriedades afetando a renda financeira dos agricultores. Desta forma, destaca-se que a diversificação de cultivos nos sistemas de produção agrícola promove níveis mais elevados da sustentabilidade.
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Chou, Chao-Hsun, and 周昭汛. "International Diversification and Performance: The Moderating Effect of Diversification Portfolio and Economic Indicator." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/28728698149022342448.
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碩士雲林科技大學
企業管理系碩士班
98
Diversification is one of the processes of entering new industries. Under the dramatically change of world business markets, Taiwanese enterprises are confronting a great challenge of the raising rivals. On account of this rapid changing environment, how to leveraging core competence and keep the competitive advantages become a very important task. International diversification is a good method for an island country such as Taiwan for the purpose of penetrating world markets. However, is the performance growing up with the level of international diversification? The answer is still in dispute. Hence, we examine the diversification-performance relationship by three types of diversification which are country diversification, regional diversification, and Business concentration. We used Tobin’s Q ratio for the measurement of firm performance, and further discussed the moderating effect of economic indicator as well. By using the statistic software STATA ver.10, we conclude the results of our findings. The relationships between diversification and Tobin’s Q ratio either geographically or by product are both curvilinear. The appropriate diversification selection for Taiwanese company is low level of country diversification and moderate regional diversification as well as low level of Business concentration selected simultaneously brings the higher Tobin’s Q ratio. Although we didn’t find a significant result of the moderating effect of economic indicator, we demonstrated the configuration of diversifications and proposed managerial implication for managers in the similar investment condition in chapter five.
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Hsu, Li-Ting, and 徐立婷. "The Impact of Financial Indicators on Banking Performance under Different Level of Diversification ─Application of PSTR." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/zwee7x.
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碩士淡江大學
財務金融學系碩士班
100
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of diversification on the performance of banks by using panel smooth transition regression model which introduced by Gonzalez, Terasvirta and van Dijk (2004, 2005). Our samples consist of 14 financial holding banks and 10 non-financial holding banks during the period of 2009 to 2011. Indicators like return on assets, return on equity and economic value added are used to measure the financial performance. This empirical study will apply diversification ratio as transfer variables. Furthermore, it uses asset size, debt ratio, deposit-loan ratio and NPL ratio to estimate how these variables influence the performance of banks. The empirical result proves that there exists a nonlinear relationship on diversification ratio as transfer variables. When diversification ratio over the threshold, debt ratio has positive correlation with the performance of financial holding banks. However, asset size, deposit-loan ratio and NPL ratio have negative influence to banks performance. On the other hand, there is no significant relationship between Asset size and the performance of non-financial holding banks. Deposit-loan ratio has positive influence to the performance. Both debt ratio and NPL ratio have a negative correlation associated with the performance of non- financial holding banks.
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Войцехівська, В. В. "Економічне обґрунтування диверсифікації діяльності фермерського господарства (на прикладі ТОВ «Сервісагроцентр»)." Thesis, 2019. http://dspace.oneu.edu.ua/jspui/handle/123456789/11195.
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У роботі розглядаються теоретичні аспекти сутності диверсифікації діяльності
підприємств, та особливості її проведення на прикладі фермерських господарств на
прикладі ТОВ «Сервісагроцентр» .
Проведено аналіз фінансово-господарської діяльності підприємства за останні 3
роки на основі якого виявлено проблеми та шляхи їх вирішення. Проведено економічне
обґрунтування запропонованого варіанту диверсифікації. Зроблено аналіз ризиків проекту
диверсифікації.The theoretical aspects of the nature of the diversification of the enterprises' activities, as well as the peculiarities of its carrying out on the example of farms on the example of LLC "Servisagotsentr" are considered in the work. The analysis of financial and economic activity of the enterprise for the last 3 years is carried out on the basis of which the problems and ways of their solution are revealed. The economic rationale for the proposed diversification option has been carried out. The risk analysis of the diversification project is made.
Books on the topic "Diversification indicator"
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Indicators, The Caracas Report on Alternative Development. Redefining Wealth and Progress: New Ways to Measure Economic, Social, and Environmental Change : The Caracas Report on Alternative Development Indic (Diversification Series). Knowledge Systems Inc., 1990.
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Zróżnicowanie warunków życia ludności w Polsce w 1997 r.: Raport analityczny z badania ankietowego = Diversification of the Polish population in 1997 : analytical report based on the questionnaire survey. Warszawa: Główny Urząd Statystyczny, Dept. Warunków Życia, 1998.
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Kelly, Gary. The Popular Novel, 1790–1820. Edited by Alan Downie. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199566747.013.023.
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The ‘popular novel’ was variously defined and understood in the period 1790 to 1820, but the Minerva Press was and has been seen, usually negatively, as its major purveyor. Recent research has substantially corrected and complicated this view, and indicated the varieties of novels and of their popularity and uses during that time. In the onset of modernization and its attendant changes, conflicts, and crises, various kinds of novels, perhaps more than other literary forms, helped their various kinds of readers to understand, negotiate, and learn how to manage both modernization and the anxieties of an age of revolutions. In that process, the novel itself underwent revolutionary change and diversification to become the dominant and mainstream form still used today.
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Skiba, Alexandre, and Hilla Skiba. Institutional Investors. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190269999.003.0004.
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A large body of behavioral finance literature focuses on the behavioral biases of individual investors in their trading choices. The research shows that sophistication is related to the level at which these behavioral biases influence investors’ trading choices. This chapter reviews the literature on institutional investors’ trading behavior and finds that, consistent with the level of investor sophistication, institutional investors are less subject to the common behavioral biases. However, some behavioral biases are also present in institutional trading, and more so among less sophisticated practitioners. Evidence also shows that institutional investors engage in some trading choices such as herding, momentum trading, and under-diversification, which could be symptoms of behavioral biases. Based on the reviewed research, these trading behaviors are not value reducing. Overall, evidence indicates that institutional investors are less subject to behavioral biases, making markets more efficient.
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Bartkowicz, Leszek. Tekstura drzewostanów naturalnych w polskich parkach narodowych na tle teorii dynamiki lasu. Publishing House of the University of Agriculture in Krakow, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.15576/978-83-66602-20-5.
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The aim of the study was to compare a patch-mosaic pattern in the old-growth forest stands developed in various climate and soil conditions occurring in different regions of Poland. Based on the assumption, that the patch-mosaic pattern in the forest reflect the dynamic processes taking place in it, and that each type of forest ecosystem is characterized by a specific regime of natural disturbances, the following hypotheses were formulated: (i) the patches with a complex structure in stands composed of latesuccessional, shade-tolerant tree species are more common than those composed of early-successional, light-demanding ones, (ii) the patch-mosaic pattern is more heterogeneous in optimal forest site conditions than in extreme ones, (iii) in similar site conditions differentiation of the stand structure in distinguished patches is determined by the successional status of the tree species forming a given patch, (iv) the successional trends leading to changes of species composition foster diversification of the patch structure, (v) differentiation of the stand structure is negatively related to their local basal area, especially in patches with a high level of its accumulation. Among the best-preserved old-growth forest remaining under strict protection in the Polish national parks, nineteen research plots of around 10 ha each were selected. In each plot, a grid (50 × 50 m) of circular sample subplots (with radius 12,62 m) was established. In the sample subplots, species and diameter at breast height of living trees (dbh ≥ 7 cm) were determined. Subsequently, for each sample subplot, several numerical indices were calculated: local basal area (G), dbh structure differentiation index (STR), climax index (CL) and successional index (MS). Statistical tests of Kruskal- Wallis, Levene and Generalized Additive Models (GAM) were used to verify the hypotheses. All examined forests were characterized by a large diversity of stand structure. A particularly high frequency of highly differentiated patches (STR > 0,6) was recorded in the alder swamp forest. The patch mosaic in the examined plots was different – apart from the stands with a strongly pronounced mosaic character (especially subalpine spruce forests), there were also stands with high spatial homogeneity (mainly fir forests). The stand structure in the distinguished patches was generally poorly related to the other studied features. Consequently, all hypotheses were rejected. These results indicate a very complex, mixed pattern of forest natural dynamics regardless of site conditions. In beech forests and lowland multi-species deciduous forests, small-scale disturbances of the gap dynamics type dominate, which are overlapped with less frequent medium-scale disturbances. In more difficult site conditions, large-scale catastrophic disturbances, which occasionally appear in communities formed under the influence of gap dynamics (mainly spruce forests) or cohort dynamics (mainly pine forests), gain importance.
Book chapters on the topic "Diversification indicator"
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Brugière, Pierre. "Performance and Diversification Indicators." In Springer Texts in Business and Economics, 95–102. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-37740-3_6.
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Ndesanjo, Ronald Boniphace, Ida Theilade, and Martin Reinhardt Nielsen. "Pathways to Enhance Climate Change Resilience among Pastoral Households in Northern Tanzania." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 2591–609. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_128.
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AbstractThe objective of this study was to evaluate the pathways to enhance resilience to increased climate variability and directional change among pastoral households in Simanjiro District in Northern Tanzania. The study used household survey and rainfall and temperature data. Results indicate increasing temperature and decreasing precipitation trends over the past four decades. Also, extreme climatic events, particularly drought, have become more frequent. Food and water insecurity are key factors causing an increased household vulnerability. Increased climate change-induced malaria prevalence poses additional health risks. Household adaptive strategies include livelihood diversification and migration. Local institutions are instrumental in enhancing climate change resilience at the local level. We conclude that livelihood diversification and migration are key pathways to enhancing households’ climate change resilience.
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Shadymanova, Jarkyn, and Sarah Amsler. "Institutional Strategies of Higher Education Reform in Post-Soviet Kyrgyzstan: Differentiating to Survive Between State and Market." In Palgrave Studies in Global Higher Education, 229–57. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-52980-6_9.
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AbstractBetween 1991 and today, the Soviet system of state-funded and Communist Party controlled higher education institutions (HEIs) in Kyrgyzstan has been transformed into an expansive, diverse, unequal, semiprivatized and marketized higher education landscape. Drawing on national and international indicators of higher education in Kyrgyzstan and data about the history and substance of these changes in policy and legislation, this chapter examines key factors which have shaped patterns of institutional differentiation and diversification during this period. These include the historical legacies of Soviet educational infrastructures, new legal and political frameworks for HE governance and finance, changes to regulations for the licensing of institutions and academic credentials, the introduction of multinational policy agendas for higher education in the Central Asian region, changes in the relationship between higher education and labor, the introduction of a national university admissions examination, and the adoption of certain principles of the European Bologna Process. The picture of HE reform that emerges from this analysis is one in which concurrent processes of diversification and homogenization are not driven wholly by either state regulation or forces of market competition, but mediated by universities’ strategic negotiations of these forces in the context of historical institutional formations in Kyrgyzstan.
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Chiawo, David O., and Verrah A. Otiende. "Climate-Induced Food Crisis in Africa: Integrating Policy and Adaptation." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 1–21. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-42091-8_75-1.
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AbstractClimate change threatens development and economic growth in Africa. It increases risks for individuals and governments with unprecedented negative impacts on agriculture. Specifically, climate change presents a major threat to food security in Africa for the long term due to the low adaptive capacity to deal with successive climate shocks. There is a need for greater awareness of the trends of food crisis patterns and adaptive initiatives. The objective of this chapter was to analyze the trends of the food crisis in Africa within the past 10 years and adaptive initiatives. Quantitative data analyzed for food security indicators were obtained from the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and World Development Indicators (WDI) available at the Environment and Climate Change data portal. Policy and adaptation measures related to climate change were reviewed in 26 countries in Africa, with the view to highlight their integrative nature in enhancing food security. High prevalence of undernourishment was observed in six countries, all in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) including Chad, Liberia, Central African Republic, The Democratic Republic of the Congo, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. Countries with a high land acreage under cereal production recorded reduced undernourishment. Niger demonstrated effective adaptation for food security by registering the highest crop production index in extreme climate variability. However, Kenya appears to be the most predisposed by registering both high climate variability and below average crop production index. It is observed that diversification and technology adoption are key strategies applied across the countries for adaptation. However, the uptake of technology by smallholder farmers is still low across many countries in SSA.
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Chiawo, David O., and Verrah A. Otiende. "Climate-Induced Food Crisis in Africa: Integrating Policy and Adaptation." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 1789–809. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_75.
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AbstractClimate change threatens development and economic growth in Africa. It increases risks for individuals and governments with unprecedented negative impacts on agriculture. Specifically, climate change presents a major threat to food security in Africa for the long term due to the low adaptive capacity to deal with successive climate shocks. There is a need for greater awareness of the trends of food crisis patterns and adaptive initiatives. The objective of this chapter was to analyze the trends of the food crisis in Africa within the past 10 years and adaptive initiatives. Quantitative data analyzed for food security indicators were obtained from the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and World Development Indicators (WDI) available at the Environment and Climate Change data portal. Policy and adaptation measures related to climate change were reviewed in 26 countries in Africa, with the view to highlight their integrative nature in enhancing food security. High prevalence of undernourishment was observed in six countries, all in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) including Chad, Liberia, Central African Republic, The Democratic Republic of the Congo, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. Countries with a high land acreage under cereal production recorded reduced undernourishment. Niger demonstrated effective adaptation for food security by registering the highest crop production index in extreme climate variability. However, Kenya appears to be the most predisposed by registering both high climate variability and below average crop production index. It is observed that diversification and technology adoption are key strategies applied across the countries for adaptation. However, the uptake of technology by smallholder farmers is still low across many countries in SSA.
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Broughel, Anna, and Rolf Wüstenhagen. "The Influence of Policy Risk on Swiss Wind Power Investment." In Swiss Energy Governance, 345–68. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80787-0_14.
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AbstractWind energy is one of the most affordable and fastest-growing sources of electricity worldwide. As a large share of wind power generation occurs in the winter season, it could make an important contribution to seasonal diversification of domestic electricity supply. However, the development of wind energy projects in Switzerland has been characterized by long and complex administrative processes, with the planning phase taking up to a decade, more than twice as long as the European average. The objective of this chapter is to quantify the risk premium that lengthy permitting processes imply for wind energy investors in Switzerland and to suggest ways to reduce policy risk. The data have been gathered through 22 confidential interviews with project developers and several cantonal permitting agencies as well as a review of federal and cantonal regulatory documents. Furthermore, a discounted cash flow model was built to compare the profitability indicators (IRR, NPV) and the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) of a reference case to scenarios with various risks—for example, delays in the permitting process, downsizing the project, or changes in the regulatory environment such as phasing out feed-in tariffs. The model shows that the highest profitability risks are related to the availability of a feed-in tariff, but other changes in the permitting process can also have a critical impact on the project’s bottom line. The findings illustrate a significant policy risk premium in the pre-construction stage faced by wind energy project developers in Switzerland.
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Yaacob, Hakimah, Adli Yaacob, Khairul Hidayatullah Basir, and Qaisar Ali. "Enabling Legal Environment of Islamic Finance and Social Finance in Brunei Darussalam." In Advances in Electronic Government, Digital Divide, and Regional Development, 186–95. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-3452-6.ch013.
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According to ICD Thomson Reuters Islamic Finance Development Indicator 2014, Brunei Darussalam ranked 10th out of 92 countries that practise Islamic Finance. This makes Brunei well-placed to grow an international role in the investment management of Islamic products, and in the provision of takaful. Wawasan 2035 envisages that, by 2035, Brunei has projected that the contribution of the financial sectors including Islamic Finance to GDP will have expanded to 8% of GDP. However, there is lacuna of enabling a legal environment that hinders the growth of Islamic finance. The objective of the chapter is to analyse the legal impasse that hinders the growth of Islamic finance from legal perspectives. Despite strong support from the High Majesty, Brunei has taken a moderate move in the importance of creating legal enabling environment as a pathway for economic diversification by 2035. This chapter adopts library research with reference to the acts, and cases reported. This chapter concludes with suggestions for the authority's consideration and policy research.
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Donohue, Mark, and Tim Denham. "The role of contact and language shift in the spread of Austronesian languages across Island Southeast Asia." In Language Dispersal, Diversification, and Contact, 167–94. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198723813.003.0010.
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The spread of modern humans into and across Island Southeast Asia and the Pacific represents the earliest confirmed dispersal of humans across a marine environment, and involved numerous associated technologies that indicate sophisticated societies on the move. The later spread of ‘Austronesian’ over the region shows language replacement on a scale that is reminiscent of the period of state-sponsored European colonization, and yet the Austronesian languages present a typological profile that is more diverse than any other large language family. These facts require investigation. This chapter examines the separate, but intertwined, histories of the region. It shows that the dispersal of Austronesian languages, originating in Taiwan, should not be portrayed as a technological and demographic steamroller. This involves discussion of the nature of pre-Austronesian society and language in the south-west Pacific, and the degree to which it has and has not changed following ‘Austronesianization’.
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Raimi, Lukman, and Abdussalam Aljadani. "Sustainability of Public Finance of Rentier States." In Recent Advancements in Sustainable Entrepreneurship and Corporate Social Responsibility, 88–113. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-2347-6.ch005.
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Embedding this discourse on rentier state theory (RST), this chapter discusses the quest for sustainability of the public finance system of Nigeria and Saudi Arabia. The inability of these rentier states to meet their economic, social, and political commitments led to the adoption of value-added tax (VAT) and economic diversification as sustainability strategies. The findings from the macroeconomic data indicated that Nigeria and Saudi Arabia have large markets that provide opportunities for the introduction of VAT. These two countries also have huge deposits of natural resources, including oil, which could be developed for accelerating economic diversification. This chapter validates the appropriateness of VAT and post-rentier economic diversification as sound policies for industrial, services, tax, and tourism development. The findings from this chapter need to be strengthened with a more rigorous empirical investigation. The chapter concludes with far-reaching policy suggestions.
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Chen, Naiwei. "Asset Diversification and Efficiency of Islamic Banks." In Growth and Emerging Prospects of International Islamic Banking, 117–40. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1611-9.ch007.
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This chapter examines the effect of asset diversification (AD) on the efficiency of Islamic banks using conventional banks as the contrast sample. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is used to generate efficiency score as a proxy of bank efficiency and the Tobit panel data model is estimated. A review of banks in three Asian countries with a dual banking system from 2006 to 2012 indicates that AD positively affects bank efficiency, regardless of bank type. In addition, the positive effect of AD on bank efficiency strengthens with bank size, particularly for Islamic banks. Furthermore, any positive effect of AD on the efficiency of Islamic banks is particularly found among those without foreign ownership, whereas ownership type plays no role in determining AD's effect on the efficiency of conventional banks.
Conference papers on the topic "Diversification indicator"
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Judd, Ian. "Diversification From a Combined Heat and Power Plant Owner to an Operations and Maintenance Service Provider." In ASME 2014 Power Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2014-32186.
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The aim of this paper is to introduce readers to the UK’s Combined Heat and Power (CHP) industry, whilst identifying the key influences to the industry’s steady decline and the future diversification from an asset owner to a credible CHP or Utilities Operations and Maintenance (O&M) Service provider. There is a lack of research specific to the CHP and Utility O&M sectors that identify how to focus on attaining service excellence that adds real value to customers and stakeholders. The Service–Profit Chain (SPC) model developed by J. Heskett et al[1] is a recognised theory and business model that established the connection between profitability, customer loyalty, employee satisfaction and productivity. The application of the SPC model to the CHP and Utilities market sectors has identified a possible shortfall with the SPC model framework; in that it requires additional links to the resource support infrastructure and customer service cycle, whilst including the organization’s strategic service vision. Going beyond the application of the SPC model, this study will identify the additional management tools required to enhance and support the diversification process. An O&M SPC implementation model and a site specific Key Performance Indicator (KPI) model have been designed to complement the organization’s diversification. In addition to this, 10 golden rules have been developed in conjunction with a six tier approach to attain a meaningful O&M Service culture, which should ensure a sustainable future for an O&M Service provider.
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KOCUR-BERA, Katarzyna. "MULTIFUNCTIONAL RURAL DEVELOPMENT – A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MUNICIPALITIES ADJACENT TO THE CITY OF OLSZTYN." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.208.
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Rural areas have multiple functions. Four key functions can be identified in a synthetic approach: economic, environmental, social and cultural. Multidirectional rural development is strongly influenced by spatial attributes, demographics, environmental factors, infrastructure and capital. Multidirectional development is closely associated with the multiple functions of rural areas. In general, multifunctional rural development involves rural activation and rural business diversification which enables members of the rural community to derive incomes from non-farming activities. The growth potential of rural municipalities is an important determinant of multifunctional development. The aim of this study was to analyze the level of socioeconomic development in rural municipalities, which is an indicator of their multifunctional development. The analysis involved rural municipalities adjacent to the city of Olsztyn. These municipalities are bedroom communities whose residents commute to work in the urban center. The study analyzed 15 indicators describing the four key areas of multifunctional development: environmental, social, economic and infrastructural. Data for 2013-2015 were acquired from the Central Statistical Office and statistical tables of the agricultural productivity index. The results indicate that the municipality of Purda (with relatively poor soils) meets the highest number of criteria and the municipality of Dywity (with relatively high-quality soils) meets the lowest number of criteria for multifunctional development.
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Amidžić, Dragoljub. "IMPACT OF AGRICULTURAL DIVERSIFICATION ON AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT." In Tourism International Scientific Conference. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of hotel management and tourism in Vrnjačka Banja, Serbia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.52370/tisc2025da.
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The paper explores the diversification of agricultural enterprises, which seeks to extend basic farming activities to products of a higher degree of sophistication, such as the provision of catering and tourism services and the provision of entertainment, sports, educational and other facilities. The fundamental purpose of diversification is to ensure the growth and stability of farmers' businesses and to contribute to the rural development. The main objective of the paper is to identify factors of diversification and their correlation with socio-economic indicators. In addition to determining the extent to which they are present in improving the performance of agricultural enterprises and affect rural development. The results of the research will confirm the assumption that the inclusion of diversification in business practices of agricultural enterprises is a means of strengthening their performance while encouraging rural develompent.
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Silva, Rita, Rui Dias, Paula Heliodoro, and Paulo Alexandre. "RISK DIVERSIFICATION IN ASEAN-5 FINANCIAL MARKETS: AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS IN THE CONTEXT OF THE GLOBAL PANDEMIC (COVID-19)." In Sixth International Scientific-Business Conference LIMEN Leadership, Innovation, Management and Economics: Integrated Politics of Research. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/limen.s.p.2020.15.
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The World Health Organization (WHO) has designated the new coronavirus infection as a global pandemic, based on the risk of contagion, and the number of confirmed cases in more than 195 countries. COVID-19 has an intense impact on the global economy, resulting from uncertainty and pessimism, with adverse effects on financial markets. Due to these events, this essay aims to estimate if the portfolio’s diversification is feasible in the financial markets of Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand (ASEAN-5), in the context of the global pandemic (Covid-19), regarding the period of July 1, 2019, to July 22, 2020. To achieve such an analysis, is intended to provide answers for two questions, namely: i) the global pandemic (Covid-19) has accentuated financial integration between the ASEAN-5 markets? ii) If so, can the persistence of returns affect the risk diversification of portfolios? The results obtained suggest that those regional markets present accentuated levels of integration. However, the Singapore's stock market index does not show any level of integration, indicating that the implementation of portfolio’s diversification strategies can be considered; however, the same can no longer be evident for the other ASEAN-5 markets. Additionally, we verified that the ASEAN-5 markets indicate persistence in returns, that is, the presence of accentuated long memories, except for the Singapore market (SGX). These findings show that prices do not fully reflect the information available and that changes in prices are not independent and identically distributed. This situation is found for investors, since some returns can be expected, creating opportunities for arbitrage and abnormal earnings. Corroborating the trendless cross-correlation coefficients (𝜆𝐷𝐶𝐶𝐴), proven evidence coefficients, mostly, suggest the existence of risk transmission between markets. In conclusion, the authors seek that the implementation of an efficient diversification strategy for portfolios requires agreement with the controversial application. These conclusions also open space for the regulators of these regional markets to take measures to ensure better information between these markets and international markets.
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Shumilova, Svetlana I., and Ruslan A. Mochalov. "Oil and gas industry's technological development for ensuring the Russian economy diversification and modernization." In Недропользование. Горное дело. Направления и технологии поиска, разведки и разработки месторождений полезных ископаемых. Экономика. Геоэкология. Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт нефтегазовой геологии и геофизики им. А.А. Трофимука Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18303/b978-5-4262-0102-6-2020-105.
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The article discusses the main technological indicators that reflect the operation of the Russian oil and gas complex in the period 2008–2018 – the increase in oil reserves, the multiplicity of oil reserves reproduction, production and inactive well stocks, commissioning of new wells, production and exploration drilling, and average daily production. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the technological state and technological development potential of the oil and gas complex.
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Dias, Rui, Paula Heliodoro, Paulo Alexandre, and Cristina Vasco. "FINANCIAL MARKET INTEGRATION OF ASEAN-5 WITH CHINA: AN ECONOPHYSICS APPROACH." In 4th International Scientific Conference – EMAN 2020 – Economics and Management: How to Cope With Disrupted Times. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/eman.2020.17.
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The main objective of this research is to estimate whether portfolio diversification is feasible in the financial markets of Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore and Thailand (ASEAN-5), and the market of China, in the context of the stock market crash in China in 2015. The purpose is to answer two questions, namely whether: (i) has the stock market crash in China increased financial integration in the ASEAN-5 financial markets and China? (ii) If the presence of long memories may put in question the diversification of portfolios? The results suggest that these markets are segmented, except for Malaysia/Singapore, bi-directional, and China/Filipinas, pre-crash. However, when analysing the stock market crash period, the results indicate 16 integrated market pairs with structure breakdown (in 30 possible). When compared with the previous sub-period it was found that during the stock market crash the level of financial integration increased significantly (533%). In the post-crash period, there were right integrated market pairs with broken structure. When compared to the crash period, the level of integration decreased in 50%. In addition, we observed that during the stock market crash these Asian markets did not have long memories, except for the Malaysian market, which reveals some predictability, that is, the increase in integration does not lead to persistence in these Asian markets. In conclusion, the ASEAN-5 markets and China mostly exhibit strong signs of efficiency in their weak form. The authors consider that the implementation of portfolio diversification strategies is beneficial for investors. These conclusions also open space for market regulators to take action to ensure better information between these regional markets and international markets.
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Айсунгуров, Н. Д., and А. А. Эльмурзаев. "PROSPECTS OF PROCESSING OF RAW MATERIALS WITH DIVERSIFICATION OF DIRECTIONS OF PRODUCTION OF PRODUCTS." In «АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ СОВРЕМЕННОЙ НАУКИ: ТЕОРИЯ, ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ, МЕТОДОЛОГИЯ И ПРАКТИКА». Международная научно-практическая онлайн-конференция, приуроченная к 60-ти летию член-корреспондента Академии наук ЧР, доктора технических наук, профессора Сайд-Альви Юсуповича Муртазаева. Crossref, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.34708/gstou.conf..2021.71.22.026.
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В статье приводятся аналитические данные по эффективности диверсификации процессов переработки сырья агропромышленного комплекса, указана необходимость модернизации промышленного оборудования, в соответствии с развитием современных технологий в области цифровизации промышленных процессов переработки сырья. Также приведен сравнительный анализ курдючного жира относительно бараньего и говяжьего жира. Показана эффективность переработки животного жира, с последующим гранулированием, после предварительного копчения на опытной установке и целесообразность гранулирования в плане удобства пользования для потребителя. The article provides analytical data on the efficiency of diversification of the processing of raw materials in the agro-industrial complex, indicates the need to modernize industrial equipment, in accordance with the development of modern technologies in the field of digitalization of industrial processes for processing raw materials. A comparative analysis of fat tail fat versus lamb and beef fat is also provided. The efficiency of animal fat processing, followed by granulation, after preliminary smoking in a pilot plant, and the feasibility of granulation in terms of ease of use for the consumer are shown.
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Lutta, Nelson. "Diversification of Africa's Energy Portfolio': Economic Outlook a Case Study of Kenya." In SPE/AAPG Africa Energy and Technology Conference. SPE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/afrc-2575262-ms.
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ABSTRACT Despite the global setbacks, in recent times Africa's economy has generally managed to grow, with an average GDP increase of about 5%. Africa's economic growth prospects have been the talking point in recent economic fora. This growth however, has been inhibited due to the insufficient access to reliable electricity for most of Africa. The future outlook for this yet looks set to change dramatically, with African countries diversifying their energy portfolio. A good case in point is in Kenya. As of March 2015, Kenya's effective installed electricity capacity was 2177.1 MW, with supply primarily being sourced from hydroelectric and thermal sources. With connectivity to the national grid at just 28%. As of 8th June 2016, Kenya was the 4th largest geothermal energy developer in the world, possessing the largest geothermal plant in the world, capable of providing almost 20% of the nation's total power capacity (280MW Olkaria plant). Geothermal is just the tip of the iceberg, for years wind energy has contributed just 5.1MW to the national grid, but with the construction of the lake Turkana power project set to come online by July 2017 injecting 310MW or about 18% of current installed electricity generating capacity, a different ball game is about to commence. With Kenya's innovation and IT scene making waves worldwide, the incorporation of this into the energy scene has been quite successful with the M-Kopa model the latest crown jewel. Solar century and London distillers have held engagements to build the largest solar roof project in East Africa, almost 1 MWp. Kenya is currently the world leader in number of solar power systems installed per capita. With the Lamu coal power plant set to add 981.5 MW to the grid and Kenya aiming to replace some fossil fuel, electricity capacity, with nuclear energy (it is currently evaluating its grid system before considering the generation options). These are key stepping stones for an energy boom with an unequivocal industrial and economic boom. Considering the major infrastructural projects of rail, road and pipeline being undertaken with these energy prospects, the future is only brighter. The fact that most of the developed world economies are slowing down only serves to fuel the fact that Kenya and Africa's economic revolution is inevitable. A key indication that the next decades belong to Africa, at least from an economic stand point.
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Ajetunmobi, Oluwaseun, Midhat Talibi, and Ramanarayanan Balachandran. "Dynamic Response of Acoustically Forced Turbulent Premixed Biogas Flames." In ASME Turbo Expo 2019: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2019-91379.
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Abstract Increasing demand for energy and the need for diversification of fuels used in gas turbine power generation is continuing to drive forward the development of fuel-flexible combustion systems, with particular focus on biomass derived sustainable fuels. The technical challenges arising from burning sustainable fuels are largely associated with the change in the chemical, thermal and transport properties of these fuels due to the variation of the constituents and their impact on the performance of the combustor including emissions, static and dynamic stabilities. There is a lack of detailed understanding on the effect of fuel composition on the flame sensitivity to acoustic and flow perturbations. This paper describes an experimental study investigating the acoustic flame response of simulated biogas (methane/carbon dioxide/air mixtures) turbulent premixed flames. The effect of variation in carbondioxide, CO2, content on the flame response was quantified. Special emphasis was placed on understanding the dependence of this flame response on the amplitude of the acoustic forcing. The flame was subjected to strong velocity perturbations using loud speakers. It was observed that the addition of CO2 had considerable influence on the magnitude of heat release response. The magnitude and the phase of flame describing function indicated that the mechanism of saturation in these flames for all conditions tested were the same. The difference in magnitude could been attributed to dilution effect and hence further investigation were carried out with N2 and Ar to clarify the role of CO2. The results indicate that the thermal capacity of the diluent gases could be playing a significant role in nonlinear flame dynamics.
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Chen, Cheng-Hung, Marco P. Schoen, and Ken W. Bosworth. "A Condensed Hybrid Optimization Algorithm Using Enhanced Continuous Tabu Search and Particle Swarm Optimization." In ASME 2009 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2009-2526.
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A novel Condensed Hybrid Optimization (CHO) algorithm using Enhanced Continuous Tabu Search (ECTS) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is proposed. The proposed CHO algorithm combines the respective strengths of ECTS and PSO. The ECTS is a modified Tabu Search (TS), which has good search capabilities on large search spaces. In this study, ECTS is utilized to define smaller search spaces, which are used in a second stage by the basic PSO to find the respective local optimum. The ECTS covers the global search space by using a TS concept called diversification and then selects the most promising areas in the search space. Once the promising regions in the search space are defined, the proposed CHO algorithm employs another TS concept called intensification in order to search the promising area thoroughly. The proposed CHO algorithm is tested with the multi-dimensional Hyperbolic and Rosenbrock problems. Compared to other four algorithms, the simulations results indicate that the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed CHO algorithm.
Reports on the topic "Diversification indicator"
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Social Impact Monitoring and Vulnerability Assessment (SIMVA) 2018. Vientiane, Lao PDR: Mekong River Commission Secretariat, October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52107/mrc.qx5ynt.
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SIMVA 2018 is the third survey of its type and was conducted in the same sites and used the same methods of collecting primary household and village data, as the SIMVA 2014 and 2011 exercises. Covering 2,800 households in 200 villages the 2018 survey shows that communities in the Mekong mainstream corridor were still dependent on the river resources for their livelihoods, income, and well-being. As such, they are still vulnerable to changes in the Mekong water resources. However, their overall dependency has decreased with other, non-water resources-related livelihood activities playing increasingly important roles. From 2014 to 2018 the percentage of households engaging in fishing decreased across the region from 50% to approximately 37%. The study also indicates growing incidence of flooding, possibly as a result of climate change and other factors, including water infrastructure development. Government support in livelihood diversification and disaster coping strategies is essential and there is much room for improvement in this regard.