To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Disturbo mentale grave.

Journal articles on the topic 'Disturbo mentale grave'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the top 28 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Disturbo mentale grave.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.

1

De Girolamo, Giovanni, Valentina Candini, Laura Iozzino, and Cristina Zarbo. "Ricerca in salute mentale: un decennio di progetti all'IRCSS Fatebenefratelli." RIVISTA SPERIMENTALE DI FRENIATRIA, no. 2 (September 2020): 83–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/rsf2020-002006.

Full text
Abstract:
In Italia il sistema degli Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) rappresenta, da decenni, il pilastro fondamentale della ricerca condotta all'interno del Servizio Sanitario Nazionale (SSN). L'IRCCS Fatebenefratelli di Brescia è l'unico in Italia ad avere come area ufficiale di riconoscimento la psichiatria. L'obiettivo di questo capitolo è di descrivere e discutere le attività di ricerca condotte dall'Unità Operativa di Psichiatria Epidemiologica e Valutativa (UOPEV) dell'IRCCS Fatebenefratelli in oltre un decennio (2009-2020). Tali attività di ricerca si collocano all'interno di tre grandi aree: la ricerca epidemiologica, la ricerca clinica e la health services research. I progetti relativi alla ricerca epidemiologica presentati riguardano lo studio della prevalenza dei disturbi mentali e da uso di sostanze nella popolazione generale (WMHSI), le caratteristiche dei pazienti trattati nelle strutture residenziali (PERDOVE), i fattori prognostici di esito di pazienti anziani ospedalizzati (PERDOVE-anziani), la prevalenza e l'incidenza dei disturbi depressivi in persone affette da diabete di tipo 2 (INTERPRET-DD), le caratteristiche socio-demografiche, cliniche ed assistenziali di pazienti con una storia grave di violenza (VIORMED ed EU-VIORMED), e l'impiego di dispositivi di telemedicina per la gestione dei pazienti con depressione, sclerosi multipla o epilessia (RADAR-CNS). Tra i progetti di ricerca clinica verranno discussi in particolare un trial sull'impiego della ossitocina intranasale per il trattamento di pazienti con diagnosi di schizofrenia (OXIS), la psicoeducazione per pazienti con disturbo bipolare, e il progetto DIAPASON. Infine, nell'ambito del macro-settore di ricerca dei servizi di salute mentale sarà presentato il progetto MILESTONE. Tale excursus consentirà di intrecciare e discutere criticamente lo stato della pratica clinica e della ricerca in psichiatria, e consentirà di formulare delle proposte su aree di ricerca innovative nel prossimo decennio.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Lora, Antonio, Gabriella Bai, Callisto Bravi, Roberto Bezzi, Francesco Bulgarini, Antonio Mastroeni, Chiara Schena, and Andrea Terzi. "Patterns of care in community mental health services in Lombardy." Epidemiologia e Psichiatria Sociale 7, no. 2 (August 1998): 98–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1121189x00007235.

Full text
Abstract:
RIASSUNTOScopo — L'obiettivo di questo studio è quello di descrivere i patterns di utilizzazione dei pazienti in contatto con 5 Unità Operative di Psichiatria lombarde secondo quattro classi: alti utilizzatori lungoassistiti, alti utilizzatori non lungoassistiti, lungoassistiti non alti utilizzatori, non alti utilizzatori non lungoassistiti. Disegno — Studio descrittivo a partire dai dati ricavati dal Sistema Informativo Psichiatrico regionale; è stata analizzata una coorte di 5.670 pazienti nell'ambito della prevalenza annua relativa all'anno 1994. Setting — 5 Unità Operative di Psichiatria della Regione Lombardia (Merate, Treviglio, Crema, Desio, Castano Primo), con una popolazione complessiva di 610.184 residenti di eta superiore ai 14 anni. Principali misure utilizzate — Sono state prese in considerazione alcune variabili sociodemografiche e cliniche relative ai pazienti; oltre un'analisi descrittiva dei quattro patterns, è stata effettuata una analisi logistica multinomiale. Risultari — Gli alti utilizzatori lungoassistiti (AU-LA), pur rappresentando solo il 5.3% del campione (4.9 casi per 10.000 residenti di età superiore ai 14 anni), consumano il 60% delle risorse espresse in SCS; solo la condizione di separato, divorziato, vedovo è predittiva per tale pattern. Gli alti utilizzatori non lungoassistiti (AU-non LA) costituiscono 1.2% del campione (1.1 casi per 10.000) ed utilizzano il 7.8% del SCS. Variabili predittrici di tale pattern sono l'eta compresa tra i 15-44 anni, l'assenza di un'attivita lavorativa e di un partner, la diagnosi di un disturbo mentale grave e la presenza di contatti con i servizi psichiatrici negli anni 1985-1989. I lungoassistiti non alti utilizzatori (LA-non AU) rappresentano il 23.4% della coorte (21.6 casi per 10.000) e vengono al secondo posto per consumo dirisorse (18.1% del SCS). Sono variabili predittive: l'età compresa tra i 15-44 anni, il vivere da solo, l'assenza di un'attività lavorativa e di un partner, la diagnosi di un disturbo mentale grave e la presenza di contatti con i servizi psichiatrici antecedenti al 1990. I pazienti non lungoassistiti non alti utilizzatori (non LA-non AU), pur rappresentando il 70.1% della coorte (64.8 casi per 10.000), consumano solo il 13.8% del SCS. Conclusioni — I dati mostrano che complessivamente l'attivita delle UOP è orientata nei confronti dei pazienti piu gravi, anche se sono rilevabili marcate differenze tra le UOP lombarde rispetto all'utilizzazione dei servizi. È confermata l'utilita di un Sistema Informativo a diffusione regionale che permetta di monitorare l'evoluzione nel tempo e nel territorio regionale dei patterns di utilizzazione.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Nigro, Nicoletta, and Michael Fanizza. "Il Trattamento DBT orientato del Disturbo Borderline di Personalità nei servizi di Salute Mentale di Modena." RIVISTA SPERIMENTALE DI FRENIATRIA, no. 3 (December 2021): 93–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/rsf2021-003007.

Full text
Abstract:
Il presente articolo descriverà Il Disturbo Borderline di Personalità (DBP) ed il suo trattamento nei Centri di Salute Mentale dei 7 Distretti territoriali Modenesi. Il Disturbo Borderline rappresenta, già normalmente una sfida importante per i Centri di Salute Mentale, sia per la criticità del trattamento sia per il benessere dei team curanti essendo un disturbo con forte componente drammatica che impone alle equipe curanti la gestione di aspetti controtransferali e la necessità di un intervento che implementi nel paziente l'integrazione di elementi frammentati e disregolati. In letteratura emerge che per rispondere a tali esigenze l'intervento deve prevedere una co-terapia; una espressione della co-terapia è rappresentata dal doppio setting, individuale e di gruppo. Un modello che risponde a tali requisiti è quello Dialettico- Comportamentale ideato da Marsha Linehan (DBT). La realtà modenese si mette in gioco nella presa in carico dei disturbi gravi della personalità secondo il Modello DBT adattando alla realtà territoriale ed alle esigenze dei Centri di salute Mentale tale intervento associando anche il trattamento gruppale psicoeducativo alle famiglie. In epoca pandemica i servizi territoriali rivolti alla Salute mentale hanno accettato la sfida di un trattamento DBT on line.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Jenkins, Rachel. "England's policy on severe mental illness." Epidemiologia e Psichiatria Sociale 5, no. 1 (April 1996): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1121189x00003912.

Full text
Abstract:
RIASSUNTOLa Gran Bretagna ha messo a punto una comprovata strategia sulla salute mentale che include dove e come le persone sono curate e con quali obiettivi. Ha assicurato che la politica sanitaria sia basata sull'epidemiologia dei disturbi psichici e che sia incentrata non solo sui disturbi psichici gravi, che necessitano di trattamenti specifici, ma anche sui disturbi meno gravi in medicina di base, nelle carceri e sul posto di lavoro ed inoltre sull'integrazione e interfaccia tra i servizi di salute mentale ed altre agenzie.Ha basato la politica sanitaria su un quadro coerente di promozione della prevenzione della salute mentale (prevenzione primaria, secondaria e terziaria e prevenzione della mortalita) conduce questa politica quantificando l'esito in termini di salute mentale, nonche gli imputs ed i processi.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Pozzi, Euro. "La diagnosi di Disturbo di Personalitŕ nella pratica dei CSM." RIVISTA SPERIMENTALE DI FRENIATRIA, no. 2 (July 2011): 41–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/rsf2011-002004.

Full text
Abstract:
Le diagnosi formulate nelle cartelle cliniche presso i Centri di Salute Mentale non corrispondono quasi mai con la diagnosi che ha in mente lo psichiatra che ha in carico il caso. L'articolo sviluppa alcune ipotesi su tale discrepanza. Ci si sofferma in modo particolare sul fatto che se paragoniamo la letteratura sull'epidemiologia dei Disturbi di Personalitŕ e sui Disturbi Gravi di Personalitŕ con i dati a nostra disposizione risalta quanto tali disturbi siano assolutamente sottodiagnosticati. L'articolo sviluppa le ragioni di questa differenza e le conseguenze che ne derivano per la mancata terapia: i Disturbi dell'Asse II infatti richiedono che venga messa al centro della prassi terapeutica la psicoterapia con tecniche e modalitŕ specifiche e mirate. Il mancato trattamento dei Disturbi Gravi di Personalitŕ porta alla cronicizzazione dei Disturbi di Asse I. L'articolo si conclude ipotizzando una prassi di lavoro che potrebbe integrarsi con le strutture Dipartimentali giŕ disponibili.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Gater, Richard. "WHO study of psychological problems in general health care. Baseline findings and implications for primary care." Epidemiologia e Psichiatria Sociale 5, no. 3 (December 1996): 172–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1121189x00004152.

Full text
Abstract:
RIASSUNTOScopo - Indagare la forma, la frequenza, la gestione e l'esito dei disturbi psichici comuni in pazienti della medicina generale. Disegno - Campionamento a due-stadi di coloro che si rivolgono ai servizi di medicina generale seguito da una valutazione longitudinale a 3 e 12 mesi dello stato mentale, della disabilità e del trattamento, eseguiti utilizzando gli stessi metodi in 15 Centri nel mondo, sotto il coordinamento dell'Organizzazione Mondiale della Sanita. Principali misure utilizzate - General Health Questionnaire, la versione per la medicina generale della Composite International Diagnostic Interview utilizzata per ricavare diagnosi secondo i criteri dell'ICD-10, la Groningen Social Disability Schedule, ed una valutazione da parte del medico di medicina generale dell'attuale stato fisico e mentale insieme ad un riassunto della loro gestione del caso. Risultati - Sono stati sottoposti a screening 25.916 pazienti e sono stati sottoposti a dettagliate interviste 5.438 pazienti. I disturbi psichici tra i pazienti degli ambulatori di medicina generale sono risultati frequenti (in media il 24% di pazienti visti consecutivamente, range 7.3%-52.5%). La disabilità è risultata più elevata nei pazienti con disturbi psichici: quanto più gravi erano i disturbi psichici, tanto pià grave era la disabilità. Il problema principale lamentato dai pazienti era spesso un sintomo somatico, mentre solo una minoranza di essi lamentava un chiaro sintomo psichico. Il riconoscimento dei disturbi da parte dei medici è risultato essere molto diverso tra i diversi Centri e in tutti i Centri metà dei casi ICD-10 non è stata identificata dai medici. I medici operand nell'area di Verona hanno messo in evidenza una particolare distorsione nei riguardi dei disturbi psichici. Un trattamento e stato prescritto a quasi tutti i pazienti che secondo i medici presentavano disturbi psichici, per cui i trattamenti sono risultati simili, indipendentemente dalla diagnosi. Conclusioni - La frequenza dei disturbi psichici nel setting della medicina generale e la disabilità ad essi associata sottolineano la loro importanza per la salute pubblica. Questi sono pazienti che si rivolgono agli ambulatori di medicina generale; la maggior parte di essi continua ad essere trattata in tale setting senza ricorrere ai servizi psichiatrici specialistici. È pertanto importante potenziare il training per il riconoscimento, la diagnosi ed il trattamento dei disturbi psichici comuni sia nelle Facolta di medicina che nei corsi di formazione dei medici di medicina generale.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Burla, Franco, Stefano Ferracuti, and Renato Lazzari. "Borderline Personality Disorder: Content and Formal Analysis of the Rorschach." Rorschachiana 22, no. 1 (January 1997): 149–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1192-5604.22.1.149.

Full text
Abstract:
In questo studio sono stati confrontati venti pazienti con diagnosi DSM-III-R di disturbo borderline di personalitê, con un numero eguale di nevrotici (soggetti con disturbi somatoformi o ansiosi secondo il DSM-III-R) e di psicotici (pazienti con diangosi DSM-III-R di schizofrenia o disturbo delirante). I pazienti non-differivano in forma statisticamente significativa per etê media. Tutti i soggetti sono stati sottoposti al test di Rorschach, ed i protocolli sono stati valutati con il sistema di Exner per quanto concerne l’analisi strutturale e con analisi contenutistica. Per quanto riguarda quest’ultima sono state valutate le seguenti scale: scale di barriera e penetrazione di Fisher and Cleveland (1958) ; scala di ostilitê (Elizur, 1949); scala di ansietê (Elizur, 1949); scala di dipendenza ( De Vos, 1952 ); scala di depressione ( Endicott, 1972 ; Endicott & Jortner, 1966 ); scala di sospettositê ( Endicott, 1972 ; Endicott, Jortner, & Abramoff, 1969 ), scala delle difese di Lerner ( Lerner & Lerner, 1980 ). Per quanto concerne l’esame di realtê sono state prese in considerazione le confabulazioni e un grado di maggiore gravitê delle stesse. Quest’ultime sono state tipizzate come confabulazioni nelle quali era presente una iperelaborazione dello stimolo, con tematizzazione di una breve storia, abitualmente drammatica, e dove il contatto con realtê appariva completamente perso. L’analisi strutturale ha indicato che i pazienti con disturbo borderline di personalitê e i soggetti psicotici presentavano un numero maggiore di segni depressivi. L’indice SCZI ha differenziato esclusivamente il gruppo degli psicotici, il quale peraltro Åanche risultato come quello maggiormente compromesso per quanto concerne l’accuratezza percettiva. Le capacitê empatiche e di identificazione interpersonale sono risultate migliori nei pazienti borderline. L’analisi contenutistica ha indicato che i pazienti borderline erano differenziabili dagli altri due gruppi per una maggiore presenza di segni di dipendenza affettiva. Inoltre, rispetto agli psicotici, i pazienti borderline presentavano un maggior numero di segni di ostilitê, e utilizzavano in maggior grado rispetto ai nevrotici meccanismi difensivi di svalutazione ed identificazione proiettiva. I pazienti borderline presentavano anche un maggior numero di confabulazioni gravi rispetto ai nevrotici. I dati di questo studio suggeriscono la possibilitê che vi sia un discreto grado di sovrapposizione tra le categorie diagnostiche dei borderline con altre condizioni pre-psicotiche.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Bruno, Licia, Shaniko Kaleci, Simona Chiodo, Angelo Fioritti, and Antonella Piazza. "Adolescenti in transizione nei servizi di salute mentale: uno studio di follow-up." RIVISTA SPERIMENTALE DI FRENIATRIA, no. 3 (December 2021): 111–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/rsf2021-003008.

Full text
Abstract:
Scopi. Descrivere le caratteristiche degli adolescenti con disturbi psichici e comportamentali residenti nel territorio dell'Azienda USL di Bologna, dimessi dal servizio di Neuropsichiatria Infanzia e Adolescenza (NPIA) dal 2006 al 2015. Individuare i fattori predittivi della prosecuzione delle cure nei Centri di Salute Mentale (CSM). Metodi Studio di coorte retrospettiva con un follow-up di tre anni, basato sui dati dei sistemi informativi NPIA e CSM. Sono state effettuate due analisi multivariate per identificare i fattori predittivi del ricorso al CSM entro tre anni e della transizione entro il primo anno dalla dimissione. Risultati La coorte è costituita da 2594 adolescenti di almeno 15 anni dimessi dal servizio NPIA, in maggioranza maschi. Quasi l'80% è stato dimesso prima di aver raggiunto 17 anni; circa il 59% ha ricevuto diagnosi di ritardo mentale o di disturbi dello sviluppo psicologico specifici/misti. Nei tre anni successivi alla dimissione ha fatto ricorso al CSM quasi un quinto della coorte (489 soggetti), di cui più di metà dei casi (n=277) in transizione entro il primo anno. Sono risultati fattori predittivi del ricorso al CSM la nazionalità italiana, l'età alla dimissione di almeno 17 anni, più di dieci anni di trattamento, più di sette prestazioni nell'ultimo anno, disturbi psichici o comportamentali maggiori. I fattori predittivi della transizione entro un anno dalla dimissione NPIA sembrano in gran parte analoghi, con tre eccezioni: la nazionalità italiana perde significatività, tra i gruppi diagnostici sono solo i disturbi dello sviluppo psicologico specifici/misti a mostrare probabilità inferiori, mentre emerge come fattore predittivo avere avuto la dimissione negli ultimi sei anni del decennio. Conclusioni Analogamente a quanto riportato da altre indagini, il ricorso al CSM riguarda una minoranza di adolescenti dimessi dal servizio NPIA. Trattamenti NPIA intensi e prolungati e disturbi gravi appaiono i principali fattori predittivi. La maggior probabilità per i dimessi negli ultimi sei anni del decennio di transitare al CSM in continuità di cura può essere ascrivibile ai miglioramenti organizzativi apportati con il consolidamento di pratiche e procedure condivise per il passaggio dei casi. Tuttavia rimangono aperti interrogativi sui gap di cura e sulle azioni necessarie per superarli.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Armando, Marco, Francesca Fagioli, Simone Borra, Rossella Carnevali, Valentino Righetti, Riccardo Saba, Lorenzo Tarsitani, Massimo Biondi, and Paolo Fiori Nastro. "Mental uneasiness, perceived stress and help-seeking in a non-resident university student sample (in Italian)." Epidemiologia e Psichiatria Sociale 18, no. 2 (June 2009): 154–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1121189x00001044.

Full text
Abstract:
Il passaggio dal liceo all'università rappresenta quella che altrove è stata definita una “rivoluzione copernicana” (Fiori Nastroet al., 2008). Questo passaggio avviene in una fascia d'età compresa tra i 18 e i 20 anni, periodo estremamente delicato per quanto attiene le patologie psichiatriche dal momento che è stato stimato che il 75° dei disturbi mentali gravi esordisce entro i 24 anni (Patelet al., 2007; Costelloet al., 2003).
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Cantelmi, Tonino, Emiliano Lambiase, Michela Pensavalli, Pasquale Laselva, and Sara Cecchetti. "COVID-19: impatto sulla salute mentale e supporto psicosociale." MODELLI DELLA MENTE, no. 1 (January 2021): 7–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/mdm1-2020oa10908.

Full text
Abstract:
Una pandemia non è solo un fenomeno medico, ma colpisce gli individui e la società e causa disagi a livello fisico, psicologico, sociale ed economico. Questo perché è un tipo di evento in grado di dimostrare, spesso in modo molto violento, la vulnerabilità e la fragilità dei nostri sistemi sociali e della nostra struttura psicologica, e quanto spesso possano essere inadeguate le nostre capacità di risposta tecnico-scientifica, sociocomunitaria e personale. In questo articolo abbiamo elaborato una rassegna della letteratura al fine di capire le possibili conseguenze psicologiche della pandemia in atto, cercando materiale da tre possibili fonti di informazione: situazioni con caratteristiche simili a quelle della pandemia in atto (es. con distanziamento sociale), eventi epidemici precedenti (es. SARS e MERS) e ricerche svolte direttamente in questo anno sulla pandemia da Sars-CoV-2. Dalle informazioni raccolte è emerso che le conseguenze psicologiche possono essere anche molto gravi (es. Depressione o Disturbo Post-Traumatico), verificarsi in tempi brevi e durare anche molto tempo dopo gli eventi che li hanno prodotti. Inoltre, è emerso come, nonostante le informazioni e la consapevolezza acquisite in situazioni passate o simili, non è stato fatto a sufficienza per prevenire e affrontare tali conseguenze psicologiche avverse.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
11

Sabatello, Ugo, and Chiara Rogora. "L'adolescente e la pandemia da COVID-19. Intervista al prof. Ugo Sabatello." PSICOBIETTIVO, no. 3 (December 2021): 141–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/psob2021-003010.

Full text
Abstract:
È ormai chiaro all'opinione pubblica e soprattutto a noi sanitari che operiamo nel l'ambito della salute mentale in età evolutiva, che la pandemia da COVID-19, ma soprattutto le restrizioni sociali che ne sono derivate, sono state un detonatore per il deflagrare della sofferenza psichica, per una larga parte della popolazione giovanile. Gli adolescenti in particolare sembrano essere coloro che stanno pagando il prezzo più alto. Sembra esserci stata un'impennata di diagnosi importanti come gravi disturbi dell'umore, cutting, tentativi di suicidio, disturbi del comportamento alimentare ecc. L'intervista che segue vuole fare il punto sulla situazione dei Servizi ospedalieri di Neuropsichiatria Infantile che insieme ai Servizi territoriali sono stati "presi d'assalto". Le richieste di aiuto, di ricovero, di presa in carico sono nettamente aumentate e sproporzionate rispetto alla disponibilità di posti letto e/o disponibilità di valenze per la presa in carico. L'intervista è stata concessa dal dott. Ugo Sabatello che ha accettato di rispondere per iscritto alle domande curando così personalmente la bibliografia e la forma espositiva.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
12

Weiss, Marc Franchot. "Children's Attitudes toward the Mentally Ill: A Developmental Analysis." Psychological Reports 58, no. 1 (February 1986): 11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1986.58.1.11.

Full text
Abstract:
For 577 children, Grades K through 8, attitudes toward mental illness and mentally ill persons relative to other stigmatized groups were measured on a projective measure of social distance. Attitudes toward deviant groups were evidenced by kindergarten and did not change appreciably with increasing age/grade. Across the grades assessed, four distinct and consistent concept groupings emerged. From the most to least preferred they were (1) normal, (2) physically handicapped, (3) mentally ill, mentally retarded, and emotionally disturbed, and (4) convict and crazy. Attitudes of kindergarten children were strikingly similar to those of peers in Grade 8. Crazy people (synonymous with the professional-technical term mental illness) are apparently regarded with the same fear, distrust, digust, and aversion by children and adults alike.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
13

Cuzzolaro, Massimo. "L'obesitŕ in etŕ pediatrica. Aspetti clinici e psicopatologici." PSICOBIETTIVO, no. 1 (April 2011): 17–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/psob2011-001002.

Full text
Abstract:
Negli ultimi trent'anni i valori della prevalenza del sovrappeso e dell'obesitŕ in etŕ pediatrica (0-14 anni) sono aumentati drammaticamente in Italia come in molti altri Paesi dove l'obesitŕ č, ormai, la malattia infantile piů diffusa. L'obesitŕ pediatrica ha raggiunto le dimensioni di una pandemia con gravi conseguenze per la salute fisica e mentale anche perché molti bambini e adolescenti obesi diventano adulti obesi. Esistono ormai definizioni chiare e accettate a livello internazionale dei cut-off (punti-limite di indice di massa corporea) per la diagnosi di sovrappeso e obesitŕ in etŕ evolutiva. Eppure molti casi restano ancora misconosciuti. La diagnosi precoce č invece la prima tappa indispensabile per un trattamento tempestivo che ha maggiori probabilitŕ di essere efficace. Dopo aver toccato aspetti diagnostici ed epidemiologici, l'articolo si sofferma su due temi: il disturbo da alimentazione incontrollata in etŕ evolutiva, il ruolo delle esperienze alimentari precoci.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
14

Sidow, Nor Osman, Faruk Odabaş, Abdiladhif Mohamed, Mohamed Sheikh Hassan, and Erkan Tuner. "Drug Induced Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome: A Case Report." Somalia Turkiye Medical Journal (STMJ) 1, no. 01 (October 17, 2022): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.58322/stmj.v1i01.1.

Full text
Abstract:
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) causes fever, muscle rigidity, and impaired mental status. Drugs that influence central dopaminergic neurotransmission and almost all neuroleptics, including newer atypical antipsychotics, are also associated with it. While uncommon, NMS remains a critical differential diagnosis for patients with fever and mental status changes due to the requirement for prompt resuscitation to prevent morbidity and mortality. We present a case of a 21-year-old man with schizophrenia who attended the emergency room with generalized muscle rigidity, high-grade fever, and disturbed mental status for 12 days. His serum creatine phosphokinase was elevated (CPK). The computed tomography (CT) of the brain was normal, and the CSF was clear and cell-free. The patient was given muscle relaxants, dopamine agonists, and biperiden. After three days, rigidity, fever, and consciousness improved. A few cases of antipsychotic-induced NMS have been reported. Healthcare professionals should be aware of this fatal side effect.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
15

Berhanu, Yetayale. "Assessment of Anxiety and Factor Related among Main and Odayaa Campus, Dilla University Freshman Students, South, Ethiopia 2021." Psychology and Mental Health Care 6, no. 4 (June 4, 2022): 01–07. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2637-8892/160.

Full text
Abstract:
Background: Anxiety can disturb a student's academic success and his future, including withdrawal from classes. The dropout rate was found to be twice as high as in the 1st grade compared to the 2nd or 3rd grade. It also causes people around the world to feel excessive anxiety, fear, lack of self-confidence, and embarrassment. One of the key reasons for the current study is the lack of data on the degree of mental illness, especially in higher education institutions. Objective: To assess the anxiety and factors of Main and Odaya campus students. Methods: From April 21th to May 21, 2020, an organization-based cross-sectional survey was conducted in the city of Main and Odayaa. The survey used a structured questionnaire and a self-administered questionnaire ASQ tool. The stratified sampling method included 300 individuals in the study. Pre-test questionnaires that are also used for data collection, in addition data analysis was done using SPSS version 20. Result: There are 314 freshmen, students of these, 300 attended during the investigation. There are 162 (54%) male respondents and 138 (46%) female respondents in the study. The average student age and (SE) age are 21.6 (± 0.13) years old. The prevalence of anxiety was found to be 26.7% among first-year students. Compared with males (16.7%), female freshmen (40.6%) have a statistically higher incidence of anxiety. [AOR 95%CI=3.36 (1.88, 6.01) Conclusion: This study showed that anxiety is a common mental problem among college students calling for public intervention to prevent more serious forms of anxiety. This finding indicates that women and older students have a high chance of suffering from anxiety.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
16

Sakhautdinova, G. M., R. R. Nagaeva, and K. E. Asanbaeva. "The modern ideas about the etiology of irritable bowel syndrome." Medical Council, no. 3 (May 12, 2019): 152–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.21518/2079-701x-2019-3-152-155.

Full text
Abstract:
This article is devoted to the theme of the etiology of irritable bowel syndrome. This topic is highlighted in comparison with the Roman diagnostic criteria of III and IV revision. The following is considered: the theory of disturbed interaction within the «brain-gut» axis and visceral hypersensitivity induced in this way, as well as a possible mechanism for its implementation; also, the relationship of symptoms of IBS with patients’ mental state: anxiety, depression, sleep disorders. The relationship of IBS with microbiota of the intestine, the genetic mediation of IBS, the examples of candidate genes in biomarkers; the mechanisms of work of these genes are also described; the issue of intolerance to certain foods (FODMAPs, IgE-mediated hypersensitivity) in patients with IBS is highlighted as well; immunological aspects, including the theory of subclinical inflammation (low-grade inflammation) or post-infection IBS.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
17

Ruggeri, Mirella, Nazario Santolini, Marco Stegagno, Giuseppe Imperadore, and Rosa Bruna Dall'Agnola. "Misurazione della qualità della vita." Epidemiologia e psichiatria sociale. Monograph Supplement 8, S5 (March 1999): 16–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1827433100000344.

Full text
Abstract:
Innumerevoli strumenti sono stati sviluppati con l'intento di fornire una misurazione della qualità della vita (vedi Gill & Feinstein, 1994, per una riflessione critica sui molti punti deboli degli strumenti più frequentemente utilizzati in medicina e Lehman, 1996, per la descrizione degli strumenti più frequentemente usati in ambito psichiatrico con persone con gravi disturbi mentali). In questa Monografia, citeremo solamente due fra gli strumenti a disposizione per misurare la qualità della vita: il WHO-Quality of Life ed il Lancashire Quality of Life Profile.Il WHO-Quality of Life (WHOQOL) è uno strumento messo a punto dalla World Health Organization, destinato a diventare uno dei punti di riferimento principali per la misurazione della qualità della vita. Esso è stato concepito al fine di poter essere utilizzato in culture ampiamente diverse fra loro; versioni adattate allo specifico contesto culturale sono attualmente in corso di sviluppo in molti centri in tutto il mondo (WHOQOL Group, 1995; 1998a). Questi centri sono stati innanzitutto coinvolti nel formulare una definizione consensuale del concetto di qualità della vita nelle diverse culture, e, successivamente, nel determinare, partendo dall'analisi di un numero molto elevato di possibili domande, la rilevanza degli ambiti indagati dal questionario nello specifico contesto culturale.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
18

Piazza, Antonella. "Community mental health service's monitoring by the local informative system. The results of first year implementation." Epidemiologia e Psichiatria Sociale 5, no. 1 (April 1996): 46–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1121189x00003936.

Full text
Abstract:
RIASSUNTOScopo - Sono presentati i dati di monitoraggio di un servizio psichiatrico territoriale, con l'intenzione di documentare le dimensioni e il profilo demografico e clinico dell'utenza, descrivere per le prime visite le modalita di accesso e di contatto, delineare la distribuzione degli interventi in relazione alle diagnosi, i patterns di utilizzazione del servizio e infine le variabili associate al ricorso continuativo e intenso alle cure, verificando l'ipotesi che i pazienti piu seguiti siano socialmente e clinicamente i più svantaggiati. Disegno - Studio osservazionale con i dati forniti dal primo anno di attivita del sistema informativo locale. Setting - Servizio di Salute Mentale dell'ex USL 25 Emilia Romagna, attualmente Distretto San Giorgio di Piano dell'Azienda-USL Bologna Nord. Principali misure utilizzate - È stato calcolato il rischio relativo di diventare un utente lungoassistito e alto utilizzatore per alcune variabili anagrafiche e clini-co-anamnestiche, rispetto alia categoria di riferimento; la possibility di fattori di confondimento o di interazioni tra variabili e stata controllata con l'analisi stratificata. Risultati - Sono presentati i tassi grezzi di prevalenza-un giorno (635.4/100.000 resident! adulti) e di prevalenza nell'anno (1314.1/100.000) per il 1993. Tra i pazienti in contatto al census-day prevalgono le psicosi schizofreniche e simili, tra le prime visite dell'anno invece le psicosi organiche e i disturbi nevrotici. Al termine della prima visita non viene preso in carico il 50% dei pazienti; la decisione sembra basata sulla diagnosi, a prescindere dai precedenti psichiatrici o da caratteristiche socio-demografiche. Il 20% di utenza con psicosi schizofreniche e simili assorbe il 49% degli interventi e usufruisce di un ventaglio di prestazioni più ampio e articolato delle altre categorie diagnostiche. Il ricorso ai ricoveri è scarso anche per le diagnosi più gravi, con un rapporto complessivo tra pazienti non ospedalizzati e ospedalizzati di 12.5 a 1. I fattori di rischio associati con l'esito di lungoassistiti e alti utilizzatori sono l'età inferiore a 55 anni, la condizione di celibe, il vivere soli o non in famiglia, la diagnosi di psicosi funzionale, la lungoassistenza nel 1992 e la lunga durata di presa in carico. Conclusioni - Coerentemente con i propri obiettivi programmatici il servizio destina le risorse soprattutto ai pazienti clinicamente piu gravi e mostra una forte proiezione territoriale; inoltre sembra accumulare una quota di lungoassistiti proporzionalmente maggiore di altri servizi italiani. L'ipotesi che i pazienti lungoassistiti e alti utilizzatori differiscano per maggiore gravita clinica e anamnestica e confermata, mentre tra le variabili demografiche non emergono differenze statisticamente significative a seconda del sesso, della scolarita e della condizione lavorativa.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
19

Amarprakash, Dwivedi, and Patil Aishwarya B. "To evaluate efficacy of Suranpindi (internally) along with Kasisadi Malahara (locally) in the management of Gudarsha w.s.r. to Grade 1 and 2 internal haemorrhoid." Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences (JAIMS) 5, no. 03 (February 25, 2020): 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.21760/jaims.5.3.3.

Full text
Abstract:
Gudarsha or haemorrhoid has been known to mankind for longer time and one of the commonest disease to affect human being, in today’s time consumption of fast foods, sedentary life style and mental stress are factors that disturbed bowel habit and constipation. Haemorrhoid is clinically engorged condition of haemorrhoidal venous plexus with abnormally displaced enlarged anal cushion. The prevalence rate of this disease is 4.4% in ten million people. Arsha is mentioned in Ashtamhagad by Acharya Sushruta and occurs mainly due to Agnimandya (low digestive fire). Modern medical science has treatment alternatives such as diet-lifestyle modification, sclerotherpy, banding, LASER ablation etc. and various surgical procedure such as hemorrhoidectomy, MIPH etc. in advanced stage. Sushruta has described various modalities in the management of Arsha such as Bheshaja, Ksharkarma, Agnikarma and Shastra Karma. The Arsha in early stages with less sign and symptoms can be treated with medicinal treatment. Hence, to establish a palliative treatment for Arsha, Suranpindi (internally) along with Kasisadi Malhara (locally) was prescribed and to evaluate its therapeutic efficacy in early internal (Grade 1 and 2) haemorrhoid. In this clinical study, an open randomized controlled clinical trial has been conducted on 50 patient. The study revealed that, the combination treatment proved effective in reducing symptoms of Gudarsha i.e. internal (Grade 1 and 2) haemorrhoid such as per rectal bleeding, size and colour of pile pedicle, and further regression in stages of haemorrhoid.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
20

Eibenstein, Rebecca, and Adele Fabrizi. "Abuso sessuale e PTSD complesso: gli effetti dello stress traumatico cronico sul sistema immunitario. Strategie d'intervento." RIVISTA DI SESSUOLOGIA CLINICA, no. 1 (June 2021): 23–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/rsc2021-001002.

Full text
Abstract:
Il lavoro presenta le principali caratteristiche del PTSD complesso nel contesto dell'abuso sessuale e l'impatto che questo disturbo e la condizione di stress cronico ad esso associata può avere sulla persona traumatizzata, in particolar modo sul sistema immunitario. Una caratteristica importante del sistema immunitario è la sua capacità di reagire in modo differente in base allo stimolo specifico, ma anche la capacità di apprendimento e di memoria, mostrando come questo sistema si strutturi fondamentalmente in rapporto con l'ambiente. È sempre più evidente che le diverse modalità di risposta del sistema immunitario non dipendono solo dal ti-po di stimolo (ad esempio, virus, batteri), ma anche dal microambiente e dalle condizioni generali dell'organismo, dunque anche dallo stress psicologico. È chiaro, pertanto, come il sistema immunitario sia in grado di interagire con il sistema ner-voso e quindi con i fenomeni mentali e relazionali. Lo stress psichico di tipo croni-co che si osserva in coloro che hanno subito un trauma cumulativo interpersonale può quindi costituire un importante fattore di disfunzione del sistema immunitario, con un'alterata risposta che è alla base di molte patologie in cui il sistema immunitario svolge un ruolo cruciale. Oltre a ciò, nelle persone vittime di abuso è stato rilevato uno sfasamento del sistema nervoso autonomo, per cui risultano essere iperattiva-te da un sistema viscerale che invia loro un continuo segnale di pericolo. Questa condizione ha importanti ripercussioni anche sulla capacità interattiva e sociale, con un grave impatto sul benessere psicofisico della persona. Per questo motivo, è necessario sviluppare interventi basati su un approccio multidisciplinare e biopsi-cosociale che aiutino le persone traumatizzate a risintonizzare la regolazione au-tonomica per favorire la fiducia e un coinvolgimento sociale spontaneo, e ad ela-borare le componenti emotive e somatiche dell'esperienza traumatica.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
21

Bueno, Edgar, and Raúl Jerí. "Alcoholismo en un Hospital General." Anales de la Facultad de Medicina 49, no. 1 (April 9, 2014): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.15381/anales.v49i1.5561.

Full text
Abstract:
Se ha hecho un estudio de la incidencia de alcoholismo en el Hospital de Policía, a través de un período de 20 años (1944-1964), revisándose 7819 historias clínicas del Departamento de Psiquiatra. Halláronse 278 individuos (3.5 por ciento) que correspondían al diagnóstico de las diferentes formas de alcoholismo. Se consideró la edad de comienzo como bebedores sociales, el tipo de bebida ingerida y la frecuencia de ingesta; apreciándose que un 68.3 por ciento de sujetos .hcbíon comenzado a beber antes de los 25 años; un 70.6 por ciento bebían diariamente a su ingreso •... al hospital y 74.1 por ciento ingerían bebidas con alta concentración de alcohol. Se estudió la frecuencia en las diferentes etapas de dicha adicción, comprobándose que un 85.5 por ciento eran alcoholómanos, bebedores sociales 6.8 por ciento y bebedores sintomáticos el 5.4 por ciento. Se investigó también la presentación de las diferentes formas clínicas clásicas, resaltando la alta frecuencia del delirium tremens con un 12.9 por ciento y de la embriaguez patológica ( 12.9 por ciento). En más del 40 por ciento de los casos el alcoholismo constituyó un síntoma de otra perturbación psicológica. Las alteraciones mentales que se asociaban más frecuentemente con el alcoholismo fueron disturbios de la personalidad ( 32 por ciento), sindromes cerebrales crónicos ( 11.5 por ciento), reacciones depresivas ( 6.8 por ciento). Se comprobó que la asociación con cuaáros orgánicos no cerebrales era baja. Los hombres predominaban considerablemente sobre las mujeres. Existían altas cifras de alcohólicos entre los egresados de la institución policial y en los individuos que habían servido en ese cuerpo durante 10 a 14 años consecutivos. También se verificó cifras elevadas de alcohólicos entre los sujetos casados y los que tenían escasa instrucción escolar. Las cifras obtenidas parecen indicar que el hábito alcohólico se desarrolla más entre los que residen en la costa que en los que habitan en la sierra o en la selva. El alcoholismo entre los miembros de las Fuerzas Armadas y Auxiliares puede conducir a la perpetración de graves actos delictivos, por lo que se requiere establecer medidas de prevención, impidiendo el ingreso de individuos con desórdenes psicológicos graves a dichas instituciones, y detectando precozmente a los bebedores excesivos, con el fin de tratarlos y obtener la máxima rehabilitación posible. En esta serie se empleó un método de tratamiento integral, que consistió en la asociación de psicoterapia individual y de grupo, intervención de los Alcohólicos Anónimos, uso de drogas psicoactivas, in su linoterapia modificada, aversión con disulfiram y terapéutica recreacional, deportiva y laboral.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
22

Du, Bing, and Xiaoxue He. "TEACHING ORIENTED BY STIMULATING STUDENTS' INTERNAL MOTIVATION -- FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF EDUCATIONAL EMOTION REGULATION." International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology 25, Supplement_1 (July 1, 2022): A106—A107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ijnp/pyac032.143.

Full text
Abstract:
Abstract Background With the rapid development of communication technology, the communication industry has a strong demand for talents, which is reflected in the quantity and quality of talents. Students are required to have not only the theoretical knowledge of communication engineering, but also the professional knowledge of communication industry, the awareness of discovering and exploring problems, and the ability to solve practical problems. However, for a long time, influenced by the traditional teaching mode, communication engineering education has some problems, such as boring teaching materials, single teaching methods, outdated ideas and so on. Therefore, it is imperative to reform the teaching design and improve the quality of engineering education. Through the regulation of educational emotion, the communication engineering course is more conducive to cultivate the ability to find, explore and solve problems, which is an important research topic of the current communication engineering teaching reform. Subjects and methods Taking the principle of communication as an example, from the perspective of educational psychology and through the method of educational observation, master the situation of students, especially their psychological characteristics. The situation of students includes knowledge structure, thinking characteristics, psychological characteristics and practical experience. According to the psychological characteristics of students, based on the result oriented educational theory and the starting point of teaching design, this paper analyzes the teaching objectives, teaching ideas, teaching methods and teaching feedback. The teaching goal is to expand students' knowledge base, improve students' ability, deepen students' cognition and enhance students' emotional experience. The teaching design is as follows. Firstly, the physical phenomenon of inter symbol interference in the received signal can be found through observation, and its main causes can be analyzed. Next, the system level mathematical model is established to naturally transition to the time domain condition without inter symbol interference, and the corresponding frequency domain condition is deduced. Finally, according to the above situation, guide the design of the communication system, evaluate the system performance, and refer to the performance balance design parameters required by the communication system. The basic idea of teaching is: “inter symbol interference phenomenon” → establish mathematical model → solve the time-frequency domain conditions for eliminating inter symbol interference → design communication system → evaluate performance → adjust system parameters “. At the same time, the study explored the role of this teaching method in emotional behavior regulation. This study used the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), which was compiled by Aaron T. Beck in 1985. It is a self-assessment scale with 21 items. The scale is scored with 4 grades, which mainly evaluates the degree of annoyance of subjects by a variety of anxiety symptoms. Suitable for adults with anxiety symptoms. It can accurately reflect the degree of subjective anxiety. Items and scoring criteria: Bai has 21 self-assessment items, taking the degree of subjects disturbed by a variety of anxiety symptoms as the evaluation index, using the 4-grade method. Its standard is “1”, which means none; “2” means mild without much annoyance; “3” means moderate, uncomfortable but tolerable; “4” means severe and can only be tolerated reluctantly; The scope of application of the scale Bai is mainly applicable to adults with anxiety symptoms. It can be used in psychological clinic, psychiatric clinic or inpatient. Results The teaching process of communication principle was redesigned from the aspects of teaching ideas and teaching methods. Through problem introduction, video animation, mathematical modeling, “meta thinking method” and eye map, students can intuitively master the course content and make the abstract communication problems more specific. Obtain teaching feedback corresponding to teaching objectives. In fact, students with learning anxiety were examined with Bai and SAS (self rating anxiety scale, compiled by Zung in 1971), and the correlation analysis was carried out on the examination results. The correlation coefficient was 0.828. The results showed that there was a significant positive correlation between Bai and the total score of SAS objective evaluation. To prove the effectiveness of Bai in clinical application in China. Sensitivity and specificity: the authors took Bai ≥ 40 and ≥ 45 as positive respectively, and obtained the false positive rate, false negative rate, sensitivity and specificity to evaluate the evaluation effect of Bai on anxiety disorder. The results showed that when BSI ≥ 45 as the limit, its sensitivity (91.66%) and specificity (91.25%) were relatively balanced. Conclusion according to the psychological characteristics of students and based on the result oriented educational theory, optimize the teaching design of communication principle, improve the quality of communication engineering education and improve the cultivation of students' ability. This study is of great significance to cultivate talents needed by the communication industry. Acknowledgements Supported by the project grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. U1633121) and the project grant from University of Science and Technology Course Fund (Grant No. KC2019SZ11).
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
23

Bader, Mohamed, Ibtisam Abbas, and Joanna Peacock. "Quality improvement in remote prescribing." BJPsych Open 7, S1 (June 2021): S172—S174. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2021.474.

Full text
Abstract:
AimsTo evaluate attitudes in prescribing and utilising 'As Required' (referred to as PRN/Pro Re Nata) sedating medications (Benzodiazepines, Z-Drugs, Anti-psychotics, and Promethazine)To evaulate current remote prescribing processes and improve safety and transparencyMethodPlan:Review of remote prescribing policy. It was highlighted that current practice was not in line with NMC guidance of the time as no follow-up written instruction by a doctor was received. Concerns were also raised about the general safety of verbal communication of prescriptions out of hours. A survey was conducted to assess attitudes towards the prescription of ‘PRN medication’ and the role of psychological therapies as an alternative to both doctors and nurses working in ABUHB's Mental Health and Learning Disabilities division.Do:Survey results showed a nuanced response from both doctors and nurses but an agreement that there is a role for as required medication, especially in the context of acute mental distress, indicating safety around the process rather than elimination/reduction of PRN medication prescribing would be desired. This lead to an overhaul of the out of hours prescribing process between junior doctors and those receiving the ‘verbal order’ as detailed below: Phone conversation between a junior doctor and ward nurse receiving the verbal order. A digital form is then completed by the ward nurse including current regular medication, PRN medication (including times of use), physical health history, and any additional requested information such as QTc on 12 lead electrocardiogram (ECG) or current vital signs. The junior doctor may assist with obtaining the relevant information but there are clear prompts on the form, to ensure the pertinent questions regarding safe prescribing are considered by both parties. The dose and route of the medication are clearly documented by the junior doctor as well as time of prescription and the form is emailed back to the ward nurse. This process is far more transparent and much less prone to errors due to miscommunication. a. The prompts also save time ensuring the relevant information is on hand prior to discussion as opposed to searching for medication charts, ECGs, etc. b. Highlighting the importance of QTc monitoring to encourage safe prescription of anti-psychotics and Promethazine c. The prompts also highlight the importance of physical health and current vital signs with regards to safe prescribing d. The prompts are stored on a network drive alongside other verbal orders allowing for easier future auditing off remotely off and on site These changes were highlighted via email, junior doctor forums, and induction of new doctors.StudyA Round 2 survey was drafted to evaluate the new process and forms with an aim to ensure uptake and to identify any issues. Despite using the same channels to identify survey participants, the response rate was much lower than the Round 1 survey. See Round 2 results.ActWith the limited feedback obtained the main issue identified was with regards to rapid tranquilisation of an aggressive patient who poses a risk to self and others. In this scenario it was deemed a risk to wait for an email form to be completed. Clarification emails were sent to relevant professionals to clarify that the rapid tranquilisation policy does allow for verbal orders with a subsequent digital order form to be completed at a later time when it is safe to do so.ResultRound 1 Nurses n = 26Doctors n = 27Nursing92% routinely request Z-Drugs and Benzodiazepines for treatment of insomnia88% routinely request Benzodiazepines for treatment of agitation73% routinely request Promethazine for for treatment of agitation69% routinely request PRN Anti-Psychotics for treatment of agitation35% would routinely request Promethazine for treatment of insomnia19% would routinely request Haloperidol without a recent ECG (>3 months)15% would request Benzodiazepines for treatment of psychotic symptoms12% would request Lorazepam above British National Formulary maximum dosesAs required medications dispensed per shift54% report 0 to 3 times23% report 4 to 6 times23% report 6 to 10 timesAgitation was most commonly defined as96% hostile behaviour/physical aggression92% hostile/threatening/derogatory speech81% visible anxiety69% disturbed behaviour that is not threatening/derogatory towards others31% patient reported anxiety without objective evidencePRN medication use reviewed by doctorsDaily (8%)Weekly (85%)Monthly (8%)5 most commmonly cited reasons contributing to PRN medication use77% Ward atmosphere (ie. volatile ward environment)69% Patient depdence (psychological/physiological)54% Patient expectation42% Limitted expectation of benefit from psychological skill utilisation42% Usual habit/culture of prescribing by doctorsWhat are your thoughts on the use of psychological interventions in an acute setting? [Open Ended, n = 22]Reviewing the themes from the open ended responses: Nursing staff feel positively about psychological interventions in the right setting at the right time but find challenges to delivering them. Some staff cite the fact that a patient is admitted indicates their level of acuity requiring PRN utilization. Some responses indicate that patients may be medicating the normal human experience. Ward atmosphere, how ill the patient currently is, patient willingness, staff shortages, paperwork taking priority, lack of training in psychological therapies were all cited as challenges.Doctors96% routinely prescribe Benzodiazepines for treatment of agitation92% routinely prescribe Z-drugs and Benzodiazepines for treatment of insomnia63% routinely prescribe PRN Anti-psychotics for treatment of agitation38% routinely prescribe Promethazine for treatment of agitation29% routinely prescribe Promethazine for treatment of insomnia25% routinely prescribe Benzodiazepines for treatment of psychosis12.5% routinely prescribe Lorazepam above British National Formulary maximum doses8% routinely prescribe Haloperidol without a recent ECG (>3 months)Rapid Tranquilisation Policy70% of doctors were familiar with the up to date Rapid Tranquilistion Policy5 most commmonly cited reasons contributing to PRN medication use19% nursing staff shortages15% ward atmosphere (ie. volatile ward environment)15% nursing staff expectations11% usual habit of prescribing11% patient expectationsWhat are your thoughts on the use of psychological interventions in an acute setting (n = 26)?Reviewing the themes from the open ended responses: Doctors are somewhat divided in their approach to psychological approaches, the majority stating or alluding to it being a first line management option but some citing staffing levels to be a deterrent. Others had a more nuanced view of it rather than a general first line treatment, requiring risk/benefit analyses before use. The minority did not know enough about psychological interventions or thought it often doesn't work.Round 2Nurses n = 8Doctors n = 8NursingTotal responded n = 8Acute psychiatric ward nurses n = 4Psychiatric intensive care unit nurses n = 450% were unaware that physical health emergencies and rapiq tranquilisation can allow for the older process of 'verbal orders' followed by the form due to the imminent risks associated with delaying treatment to complete the form100% (n = 8) were familiar with the digital order forms87.5% (n = 7) were familiar with the digital order policyWith regards to form locations87.5% (n = 7) had access to blank forms and would store them alongside paper medication charts12.5% (n = 1) were not aware that the ‘verbal order’ policy was not digitisedWith regards to digitised order requests: 75% (n = 6) did not report any change the frequency of requesting out of hours prescriptions12.5% (n = 1) reported a reduction in requests12.5% (n = 1) reported an increase in requests75% (n = 6) reported that the digital order form puts up barriers to requesting medication out of hoursWith regards to the form: 12.5% (n = 1) report that the form helps them formulate their requests50% (n = 4) report that the form requires the appropriate amount of information12.5% (n = 1) report that the form requires too much information37.5% (n = 3) did not comment on the amount of information the form requiresWith regards to safety: 25% (n = 2) report that the digitised system is safer75% (n = 6) did not comment on safetyWith regards to time to fill out the form: 87.5% (n = 7) report that the form is more time consuming12.5% (n = 1) did not comment on time consumptionIf given the option to revert to verbal orders: 37.5% (n = 3) would like to revert back to the old system25% (n = 2) would like to remain on current system37.5% (n = 3) did not comment on which system they'd preferDoctorsTotal responded n = 8.Consultants n = 2Staff Grade doctors n = 1Core Trainees in Psychiatry n = 3Fixed term appointees n = 2100% (n = 8) were familiar with the up to date rapid tranquilisation policyWith regards to the digital order forms62.5% regularly see them in patient files (n = 5)37.5% occasionally become aware of them (n = 3)0% were unaware of the new digital order forms (n = 0)With regards to inappropriate out of hours prescriptions37.5% report that there was a reduction (n = 3)50% report there being no significant change (n = 4)12.5% report there being an increase (n = 1)With regards to safety: n = 6 reported the new system to be safern = 2 did not comment on safetyWith regards to time: n = 2 report it being more time consuming to use the digital ordersn = 6 did not comment on time consumptionWith regards to returning to verbal order formsn = 3 would like to remain on digital ordersn = 5 did not comment on returning to verbal order formsOther: n = 2 commented in the comment box that this change was overduen = 1 commented that the forms give insight into patient presentations and managementConclusionDoctors routinely prescribe Z-drugs and benzodiazepines, and would generally consider Haloperidol as a second line over Promethazine (while nurses had a slight preference for requesting Promethazine over Haloperidol). The role of 12 lead electro-cardiogram monitoring would require further exploration in separate audits, as both Promethazine and Haloperidol can cause QTc interval prolongation [4,5].Doctors most commonly cited expectations by nursing staff as the main driver for PRN medication prescription. Profound differences were present with regards to rationale behind PRN medication use when comparisons between doctors and nurses self-reports were made. The majority of nurses cited ward atmosphere and patient dependence/expectation as main drivers, whereas a minority of doctors shared those views. This represents a concerning disconnect between professionals, although it can be explained by the higher proportion of time ward nurses spend on mental health wards and in direct patient care. Nursing staff, being the dispensers of medication, would also likely be the main professionals contacted for the request of PRN medication by patients.Nuanced views were given to the role of psychological redirection. This was shared between doctors and nurses, although many cited concerns about nursing staff shortages leading to a possible overreliance on PRN medication. A minority of doctors (n = 2) would recommend psychological redirection after first line rapid tranquilisation was exhausted. The counterargument being that someone admitted onto a ward tacitly implies a high level of acuity and reduced appropriateness of psychological techniques.Hypnotics most commonly being requested likely reflects the difficult nature to initiate and maintain sleep is an acute ward setting.On review of the Round 2 results indicate that doctors and nurses agree that the new system is safer although more time consuming. Concerns were raised about rapid tranquilisation and immediate emergencies, although the revised policy would allow for the verbal order policy to be followed with a digital order in these circumstances. This was clarified via further communication with relevant parties.The changes were more received more positively by doctors than nurses, with some nurses opting for the older system if possible. It was also raised that this may be putting up barriers for out of hours prescriptions, although the required information is arguably succinct and only requests vital information for safe prescribing. Further exploration of these concerns would be indicated. The Round 2 results were limited by the low sample size compared to the first round.Despite the limitations and concerns about the new system, digitising the system allows for further audits and studies to utilize much more robust methods of measuring out of hours prescriptions than self-reported measures employed in the initial rounds. Although they may not be directly compared to findings of this report, future baselines can be established and compared to in an objective manner.Future RoundsProposed: To design and clearly display information on commonly requested medication by patients, empowering them to make more informed decisions on the medications they request. This could be in the form of leaflets patients could take or posters on areas where patients receive medication. One example is that Zopiclone is a very commonly requested medication on an as required basis although patients may not be as aware of the risks associated with chronic use.Proposed: To design and clearly display information on psychologically informed techniques in patient areas such distress tolerance and sleep hygiene. This would be on mental health sites which do not currently display this information. To measure impact on PRN medication dispensation.Proposed: Further exploration of patient perceived ward environment and measures that can be implemented to reduce anxiety/insomnia associated with inpatient admission.Proposed: Exploration of proportion of inpatient initiated PRN medication progresses to long term use in the community (largely focused on hypnotics and benzodiazepines).
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
24

Fischer, Anders. "Arkæologen Erik Westerby – Frontforsker på fritidsbasis." Kuml 51, no. 51 (January 2, 2002): 35–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/kuml.v51i51.102993.

Full text
Abstract:
The archaeologist Erik WesterbyUp-front researcher on a spare-time basisThe centenary of the archaeologist and lawyer Erik Westerby, born in 1901, is the occation of this ac count of his career. It is a tale of a talented person’s magnificent achievements in his vainly fight for a seat on the scientific Parnassos.Erik Westerby had out standing intellectual talents within more of the areas important for car ying out a rchaeological research at a high level. Initially, however, a youthful and ill-concealed belief in his own talents gave him problems getting on with the conservative research environment of his contemporaries. In addition he had to struggle with a complicated mind of his own.From his youth, Westerby’s dedication to archaeology was directed to the exploration of the oldest times. He was the first to present a settlement from the late Ice Age: the Bromme site, and until today he has remained one of the famous names within the early Stone Age research in Denmark.His mind was set on archaeology, and yet he chose a more sec ure way of earning a living and became a lawyer. Parallel to the law studies, he worked so vigorously with archaeology that it is difficult to understand how he managed to graduate with good marks in an extraordinarily short time. In 1929, he settled as an independent lawyer in Copenhagen, in an office close to the High Court and the National Museum.The Stone Age settlement of Bloksbjerg in northern Copenhagen was the object of Westerby’s first large-scale field work (fig. 1). Nineteen years old, he published the preliminary results of the excavation.The following year he extended his knowledge of the Palaeolithic Period of France during a one-month study visit in Dordogne, an area rich of archaeologi cal finds.These studies were carried out with great thoroughness and included carefully documented test excavations at some of the classical sites.When he was 26, Westerby published a thesis on the early Stone Age in Denmark, taking his own settlement investigations as his point of departure. In this book, the term “the Mesolithic Age” was introduced in Danish terminology. Here, he also argued for the individual culture eras being named after important find localities. The early part of the Mesolithic Age in Denmark (which prior to this was often called “the Bone Age”) was hence to be called the Maglemose Era and the late part the Ertebø1le Era.The local academic dignit aries met this termino logy with severe criticism. Nevertheless, it was gradually accepted far beyond the Danish borders.From a modern point of view, the book was a very com etent archaeological presentation. It was submitted to the University of Copenhagen as a dissertation. However, the established scholars showed their disapproval by simply rejecting it.To add insult to injury, the promising youth was even humiliated in public by members of the National Museum’s staff. Among other things they pounced on the claim that a widely occurring, yet hitherto unnoticed type of flint tool, the burin, was to be found in the settlement inventories of the early Stone Age in Denmark. Today, we all know that Westerby was right, but in the 1920s, this claim was received differently by the few professional archaeologists in Denmark. Westerby was considered unsuited as a professional archaeologist, and so his profession was to stay the law.His next large project was the testing of the theory that coastal settlement had existed before the Ertebø1le Era Through reconnaissance expeditions to reclaimed fiords, he established co mpr ehensive traces of coastal settlement from a time berween the Ertebølle Culture and the Maglemose Culture. This era is now called the Kongemose Era, but it could just as well have been called the “Gislinge Era” due to his rich settlement find of this era in the Lamme fiord in North-West Zealand. However,Westerby decided to play down the sigruficance of his new find and refrain from such a pretentious terminology.In 1933, the results of Erik Westerby’s investigations of the reclai med fior ds were published. The energetic, Stone Age knowledgeable Therkel Mathiassen, who was employed by the National Museum that year, was interested in the Gislinge site, but he did not get an opportunity of excavating it until seven years later. And this was not to be the last place where Westerby’s and Mathiassen’s paths crossed.Erik Westerby’s next large project was to find signs of late Ice Age settlements in Den­mark – until then, this era was on ly represented by stray items. To do this, he carried out comprehensive field reconnaissance, which among other things led to his arrest by both the Danish police and the German occupying power due to his unu sual activities in the landscape.In 1938, he realised that the Amose bog in Western Zealand was a true treasure chest when it came to Mesolithic settlements. This realisation led to a short article in the reputable scholarly magazine , Acta Archaeologica. The article presents the results of a small trial excavation on the Øgårde locality. Having expressed reservations due to the limited and provisional character of the investigation, he concluded that there were pottery sherds in a closed context from the Maglemose Era, and that this was therefore the hitherto oldest pottery find in the world (fig. 2).Westerby called on the National Museum to undertake the responsibility of further investigation into the Åmose settlements, and Therkel Mathiassen immediately took it up on himself to take care of it. When a few years later he published the results of his very comprehensive investigations of for instance Øgårde, the sensational (and wrong) conclusion, that the Maglemose culture knew how to make pottery, was maintained.From Westerby’s diary we know that at the age of thirty, he regretted having been induced to deal with law. Archaeology fascinated him much more, and here he had exceptional talents. In private, he was a lonely person, and his legal work suffered from his great commitment to archaeology.The striking gesture of handing over further work concerning the Åmose settlements to the National Museum may therefore be understood as an attempt to get out of aneconomically, socially, and professional dead end. He probably hoped that the museum would encourage him to carry on the investigations and that he would be given the necessary means to do so – perhaps in the form of permanent employment.If indeed such hopes were behind Westerby’s gesture, then they were completely ignored. Therkel Mathiassen left him no further possibilities of carrying on the work in Åmosen. He even walked on Westerby’s pride by publicly mentioning him in line with local artefact collectors, who helped the museum with its work in the bog.However, Westerby continued his systematic field reconnaissance elsewhere on Zealand. In the spring of 1944, on the edge of a bog near Bromme, northwest of Sorø, he found flint tools of a kind that made him conclude he had come across settlement traces from a late Ice Age settlement (fig. 4, 6, and 7). The National Museum quickly offered to help with the investigation. However, the sensatio al find had disturbed Westerby’s state of mind, and he declined the proposal for fear of Mathiassen (fig. 5) taking over the management of the investigations.Physical and mental over-exertion caused Westerby to seek medical treatment in the autumn of 1944 . As he had no recovered by the spring of 1945, he informed the National Museum of the situation and turned over further investigation to the museum. His approach to the museum was an unspoken request that he was given the possibility of leading the investigation against proper payment. However, the signal was ignored, and Mathiassen immediately began the planning of a large-scale investigation. Westerby inspected the investigatio , and a written controversy followed, in which he expressed his reservations about Mathiassen’s methods, interpretations, and professional ethics, before having a mental relapse.Westerby’s miserable mental and economical situation now caused his sister, Hjørdis Westerby, to contact the National Museum , and without her brother’s knowledge, she expressed his wish of a museum employment, which for years he had been too proud to express. A marked change in the museum’s course followed. Therkel Mathiassen wrote and offered Erik Westerby a favourable arrangement. Westerby answered,“The letter will be opened, read, and if necessary answered when my health and my doctor permits it”. Whether Westerby ever opened the letter is unknown.The following spring Mathiassen wrote another couple of letters in his new, generous manner. The latter of these was found unopened among the papers left behind by Westerby. The good initiative had come too late.In the spring of 1946, Erik Westerby, helped by his sister Hjørdis, wrote a scholarly presentation of his investigations of the Bromme settlement.The manuscript included remarks that could be easily interpreted as a critical comment on the National Museum. As Westerby did not want to delete them, the result was that he never saw the presentation published in its entirety. Mathiassen published his results from the site in a large article in 1948. A later reinvestigation of the complete find material from the site has shown that Westerby’s critical remarks on Mathiassen’s methods and interpretations were justified.I t is worthy of note that not only did Westerby find the Bromrne settlement; he also recognized the finds on this site as being from the late Ice Age. Later it has become evident that Bromme was not the first late Palaeolithic settlement to be found or published withom the archaeologists realizing the correct age of the artefacts.In the last months of 1946, Erik Westerby left Copenhagen in order to become a member of the legal staff on the police station in Ringkøbing, West-Jutland. In his spare time, he continued to cultivate his interest in archaeology. He gave himself the extreme task of finding traces of human habitation in Denmark prior to the last Ice Age. A gravel pit near Seest in the western part of Kolding especially attracted his attention. Here, remains from for instance rhinoceros and forest elephant were found in the melt water gravel from the Ice Age. The gravel pit finds included some man- made flint items, which may be from the Ice Age layers.At that time,Westerby’s professional competence finally gained unreserved acclaim. The then recently appointed leader of the Prehistoric Museum in Århus, professor P.V. Glob, was behind this. Among other things, he arranged Westerby’s participation as a Danish represent ative in an international congress to mark the centenary of the find of the famous Neanderthal skull (fig. 8).In Ringkøbing, Westerby gradually became a known figure (fig. 9), and his extraordinary housing conditions added considerably to his reputation as an eccentric – a status he seemed to cultivate with pleasure (fig. 11-12).When he first arrived in the town, he was assigned one of the more modest rooms in the local hotel. Here he stayed for 33 years! Erik Westerby’s eccentric personality may lead to the convenient conclusion that he was unsuited for anemployment at the National Museum. It should therefore be stressed that he functioned as a highly respected police official in Ringkøbing (fig. l0) until according to the state rules he was forced to retire at the age of 70.The story of Erik Westerby’s professional career inevitably casts a shadow over those archaeologists at the National Museum who were actively opposing him. And it must be emphasized that the negative appraisal should not just apply to the rank-and- file scholars, but also the leading profession als, who failed to create the possibilities for Westerby’s obvious talents to be exploited to the full.Each scholarly environment should be conscious of the fact that success does not just depend on the available economic resources. The profession’s ability to provide a breeding ground for new ideas and gifted persons – even when this seems to be conflicting the individual convenience a nd prestige of established scholars – is no less important. If the management is weak and lacking in visions, then the environment tends to pursuit in dividu l goals. The result is often a bad atmosphere. It is a common idea that lack of funds causes lack of constructive athmosphere. However, it may just as well be the lack of constructive athmosphere, which causes lack of funds.Danish archaeology is indebted to Erik Westerby for handing over the key localities for investigating the Early Stone Age, and for his instructive examples in methods and systematism. We are also indebted to his sister, Hjørdis Westerby,for showing our profession a great gesture after the death of her brother: due to her economy and business sense, she was able to found the Erik Westerby Foundation in support of Danish archaeologists. The capital of the foundation comes from the estate left by her brother and from a large gift of money from her.Anders FischerKulturarvsstyrelsenTranslated by Annette Lerche Trolle
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
25

Popolo, Raffaele, Antonio Semerari, Antonino Carcione, Donatella Fiore, Giuseppe Nicolò, Laura Conti, Roberto Pedone, Michele Procacci, Stefania D'Angerio, and Giancarlo Dimaggio. "Le disfunzioni metacognitive nei disturbi di personalit Una review delle ricerche del III Centro di Psicoterapia Cognitiva." Research in Psychotherapy: Psychopathology, Process and Outcome 13, no. 2 (February 22, 2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2010.19.

Full text
Abstract:
Dagli anni '90, il III Centro di Psicoterapia Cognitiva di Roma si è impegnato nell'attività clinica e di ricerca sul trattamento di pazienti gravi e difficili da trattare. In questo lavoro verranno analizzati alcuni tra i più importanti lavori pubblicati dal Gruppo in questo ambito. Si tratta di ricerche sul processo terapeutico condotte a partire dall’osservazione clinica secondo cui la presenza di specifici malfunzionamenti metacognitivi ostacolerebbe la costruzione della rappresentazione degli stati mentali propri e altrui; la regolazione della relazione terapeutica potrebbe migliorare tali malfunzionamenti rendendo così possibili gli interventi sugli aspetti sintomatici del paziente. Sono state portate, quindi, prove sufficienti a sostenere che la metacognizione sia una grandezza composta da sottofunzioni distinte semi-indipendenti. Altri studi del Gruppo hanno mostrato poi come la realtà clinica del paziente grave sia influenzata in modo diverso dalla presenza di specifici malfunzionamenti metacognitivi.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
26

Al Nasiri, Yusra, Aisha Al Abri, Afra Al Rawahi, Al Anood Al Harrasi, Amal Al Shuaibi, Amina Al Owisi, Arwa Al Rashdi, Atheer Al Shabibi, Balaqis Al Hakmani, and Shamsa Al Harthi. "Mental Health Wellbeing of School Age Children is Matter: A Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness of a School-Based Mental Health Awareness Program in The Middle Schools in Oman." Journal of Contemporary Medical Sciences 8, no. 1 (February 26, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.22317/jcms.v8i1.1128.

Full text
Abstract:
Objective: The aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of a school-based mental health awareness program among school age children. Methods: This was a quantitative study that recruited 178 parents and 150 students from different levels (Grades 5-10) attended the awareness activity at two middle schools in Oman. A convenient sampling approach was utilized. Results: There was a significant different in mood and feelings score between the grades (p=0.001); with grade 10 being the highest disturbed mood changes (M= 23.25, SD= 5.54). The results also showed that 55% of students experienced anxiety. From the analysis, it was found that grade 10 (M=36.15, SD= 18.43, p=0.05) reported higher anxiety than others groups. The results indicated also a strong correlation between experience of bullying and mental health problems (r=0.85). The evaluation of awareness program indicated that 91% of parents reported improvement in knowledge; 89% suggested that many information they were not aware of before. 92% rated the video as informative. 93% agreed that the program activities were entertaining and informative. 92% reported that the activity increased their awareness to observe the changes in their children emotional wellbeing. 98% of parents enjoyed the activities and rated the overall program as effective and very interesting. Conclusion: There is a dire need to conduct various awareness programs in the community. Such programs are not only helpful in improving the community knowledge on the factors influencing children’s mental health, but also assist in identifying the mental health problems at early stage; which may empower them to seek early management for their children. This study suggests an establishment of a mental health program for children in Oman to identify the cases, assess the mental problems affecting children at different ages and refer them for further support and management.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
27

Tripathi, Nishi, and Moakumla . "Positive mental health (PMH) for life in abundance: A study on john 10:10." Indian Journal of Positive Psychology 9, no. 01 (April 6, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.15614/ijpp.v9i01.11769.

Full text
Abstract:
Life cannot be static, it needs change and development, growth and progression in all aspects-physical, mental, spiritual and cognition. The route for maturity does not depend on physical growth and development alone because it is an evolutionary and biological process. The process of individual maturity starts when the individual understands oneself in its fullest possible as a means of change to a different way of life with a different purpose by relying on the divine grace. Life in fullness is a step towards achievement of intra-personal and inter-personal communion because individual needs to have peace within oneself- body, mind and soul which were created through the will of God and the central core of the soul is the mind. When any of these factors are disturbed, the individual will not be a progressive being but when these three aspects are in balance i.e., mind, body and spirit, the individual brain will be more constructive and fulfilling the purpose and experience an abundant life. Positive Mental Health is a state of well-being in which the individual realizes his or her own abilities, utilizes the abilities to cope up with the normal stresses of life and work productively, progressively and fruitfully. It is a state when the individual person is able to constructively contribute to the needs of the society or community. In other words, when an individual gradually pursue for growth, change and development in all aspects of life.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
28

"The Italian PROGRES project on non-hospital residential facilities." Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences 10, no. 4 (December 2001): 260–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1121189x00005431.

Full text
Abstract:
RIASSUNTOScopo – 1. Effettuare un censimento di tutte le Strutture Residenziali (SR) psichiatriche presenti in Italia (Fase 1); 2. Condurre una approfondita valutazione delle strutture e dei pazienti ospitati in un campione rappresentativo pan al 20% delle SR censite (Fase 2); 3. Attivare programmi specifici di formazione per il personale delle SR (Fase 3). Metodi – Per la raccolta dei dati di Fase 1 e stata elaborata una scheda apposita. Questa scheda e stata somministrata, sotto forma di intervista strutturata, direttamente ai responsabili delle SR; in molti casi le informazioni sono state integrate con quelle fornite direttamente da operatori delle SR o dei Dipartimenti di Salute Mentale (DSM). Risultati – Al termine della Fase 1 sono state censite (maggio 2000) 1370 SR con 4 o più posti residenziali, con un numero totale di posti pari a 17138, un numero medio di 12.5 posti per SR ed un tasso di posti residenziali per 10000 abitanti pari a 2.98 (superiore allo standard del Progetto Obiettivo Tutela della Salute Mentale 1998-2000, pari a 2/10.000). II tasso di posti residenziali e pari a poco meno di 3/4 del tasso stimato da Ruggeri et al. (2000) di pazienti con disturbi mentali gravi e persistenti di tipo psicotico (13.9 per 10000). La dotazione di SR e risultata molto variabile tra le varie aree d'Italia. La maggioranza delle SR (51%) e stata attivata dal gennaio 1997 in poi; circa i tre quarti delle SR hanno una copertura assistenziale 24 ore su 24. I DSM gestiscono direttamente oltre la meta delle SR; la grande maggioranza delle SR (78%) e finanziata direttamente dal Servizio Sanitario Nazionale (SSN). La meta circa delle SR (49%) ospita prevalentemente pazienti compresi nella fascia di eta tra 40 e 59 anni. Per quanto riguarda gli operatori, nelle SR lavorano 11240 operatori a tempo pieno, più una quota significativa di operatori a tempo parziale; il numero medio totale di operatori per SR e di 13.6. Circa il 40% degli operatori delle SR non ha una qualificazione specifica di tipo psichiatrico. Il totale dei pazienti ospitati nelle SR e di 15943; di essi, il 58% non e mai stato ricoverato in Ospedale Psichiatrico (OP), mentre il 40% circa lo e stato; una piccola quota (1.6%) e stata ricoverata in Ospedale Psichiatrico Giudiziario (OPG). Infine, nel corso del 1999 il 38% delle SR non ha dimesso nessun ospite, il 31% ha dimesso un massimo di due ospiti, e soltanto nel 31% circa delle SR sono stati dimessi tre o più ospiti. Discussione – Dal PROGRES emerge un'ampia variabilita nella dotazione di SR tra le varie Regioni e P.A., che e correlata alia dotazione di altre strutture assistenziali psichiatriche. La maggior parte delle SR fornisce un'assistenza di tipo intensivo, e sembra mancare quel range differenziato di strutture, in termini di intensita assistenziale, livelli di autonomia, ecc, da molti considerato come ottimale per il trattamento prolungato di pazienti gravi con livelli di disabilita che fluttuano nel tempo. Le SR hanno un ridotto turn-over, il che pone dei problemi rispetto alia possibility di una futura, ulteriore espansione di queste strutture. Conclusioni – Il progetto PROGRES sta fornendo importanti informazioni relative ad un'intera tipologia di strutture, che riveste un particolare rilievo per l'attuale sistema dei servizi psichiatrici. L'esperienza fatta con il PROGRES dimostra inoltre che e possibile, utilizzando le risorse disponibili all'interno del SSN, progettare e portare avanti, con efficienza e in tempi rapidi, progetti di ricerca multicentrici di ampia portata.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!

To the bibliography