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1
Ahmad, Manzoor, and Rajan K. Sampath. "Irrigation Inequalities in Pakistan 1960-1980: A District-level Analysis." Pakistan Development Review 33, no. 1 (March 1, 1994): 53–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v33i1pp.53-74.
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This study estimates the magnitudes of inequality in the distribution of irrigated areas at three points in time and extends the fmdings of Gill and Sampath (1990) using more disaggregated data. Specifically, it provides estimates of the level of inequality in the distribution of land and irrigation-related attributes among agricultural households across farm-size groups at provincial and district levels. It decomposes the levels of inequality in each province in terms of its two major components, namely, "betweendistricts" and "within-district" inequality, and tests a modified "Kuznet" hypothesis, according to which the relationship between the levels of inequality and the levels of development is an inverted "U". The major findings of the study are: There exists considerable inequality in the distribution of various land area variables across farm-size groups in all the districts of Pakistan, with considerable inter-district variations in their levels and movements over time; between the "within-district" inequality and "betweendistricts" ineqUality. The former represents 91 percent, 76 percent, 75 percent, and 65 percent of total inequalities for Sindh, the Punjab, Balochistan, and the NWFP, respectively. This means that more has to be done in terms of the irrigation distribution policy than in terms of removing the inter-district variations in irrigation development. And, finally, the modified "Kuznet" hypothesis is valid in explaining the inter-district variations in the levels of inequality in the distribution of at least some of the land area variables.
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Mundhe, Nitin, Dhondiram Pawar, and Priyanka Rokade. "Status of Human Development in Maharashtra: A District Level Analysis." Shanlax International Journal of Economics 8, no. 3 (June 1, 2020): 88–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/economics.v8i3.2445.
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The Human Development Index (HDI) is a relative measure of the country’s life expectancy, literacy, education, and living standards. It is a standard measure of wellbeing, especially of child welfare. The present study is an attempt to bring out the inter-district disparities in terms of human development in Maharashtra, applying the human development index method based on the optimal combination of selected human development indicators. Furthermore, to compare the levels of human development between the different districts through choropleth maps. The result shows that two districts are in the less developed category, i.e., Nandurbar and Gadchiroli, and rests of the 33 districts are included in the moderately high and very high human development group.
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Kustiawan, Andri Arif, Bimo Alexander, Hadiono Hadiono, Ahmad Agung Yuwono Putro, and Topo Suhartoyo. "Sport Development Index (Sdi) In Wonogiri District." Jurnal Porkes 5, no. 2 (December 30, 2022): 764–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.29408/porkes.v5i2.6764.
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Purpose of this Researchto: (1) identify the level of participation of the people of Wonogiri Regency in exercising in 2022; (2) identify the level of physical fitness of the Wonogiri Regency community in 2022; (3) identify the level of sports development in Wonogiri Regency in terms of the participation index and the community physical fitness index in 2022. The research is a quantitative research with survey research methods and a descriptive evaluation approach. The research sample is the people of Wonogiri Regency who live in Wonogiri District, Ngadirojo District, and Paranggupito District and are divided into age and gender groups, with a total of 108 people. The sampling technique used followed the guidelines for the method of determining the Sport Development Index sample. Techniques for collecting data were questionnaires (questionnaires) and test techniques. Validity of the instrument.iukuriyesngiused isistandar who haveisetiin the Sport Development Index (SDI). Results research is as follows. (1) Community participation index is 0.477. The Wonogiri Regency Community Participation Index shows that the level of community participation in sports is included in the low category, (2) The Wonogiri Regency Community's physical fitness index is 0.440. The physical fitness index of the Wonogiri Regency community shows that the community's fitness is included in the low category, (3) The level of sports development in Wonogiri Regency in terms of participation and physical fitness of the community is included in the low category with an index of 0.468. In conclusion, the Participation Index, Physical Fitness and Sports Development of the Wonogiri Regency community are in the low category.
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Amalia, Nurisqi, Anisa Nurpita, and Rina Oktavia. "HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX, UNEMPLOYMENT AND POVERTY IN PAPUA PROVINCE, 2010-2015." Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan 16, no. 1 (July 1, 2018): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.22219/jep.v16i1.8180.
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Papua Province is one of the poorest provinces in Indonesia. Some of the variables that affect health levels including Human Development Index (HDI) and unemployment rate. This research analyzes Human Development Index and unemployment rate to poverty level in districts/cities in Papua Province during 2010-2015. Research data used in this research is secondary data from Central Bureau of Statistics of district/city in Papua Province. The independent variables used are open unemployment rate and Development Index. While the dependent variable used is poverty level in districts/citis in Papua Province year 2010-2015. The analysis tool used is regression with panel data. The result of this research shows that the average of district/city’s poverty rate in Papua 2010-2015 is 32,34 percent. The highest level is in District Deiyai and the lowest is in District Merauke. The Human Development Index has decreased significantly to the poverty rate of district/city in Papua Province, while the open unemployment rate is positive to the poverty rate of district/city in Papua Province. Human Development Index and open unemployment rate as a whole and together affect poverty level in district/city in Papua Province.
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Said, Farah, Tareena Musaddiq, and Mahreen Mahmud. "Macro level Determinants of Poverty: Investigation Through Poverty Mapping of Districts of Pakistan." Pakistan Development Review 50, no. 4II (December 1, 2011): 895–911. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v50i4iipp.895-911.
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The study explores the spatial patterns of poverty in Pakistan through two dimensions: asset accumulation and basic needs. For this purpose Pakistan Standard of Living Measurement 08-09 is employed to construct an Asset Index and a Basic Needs index, at a district level, through the use of household level indicators. The study finds a clear north south divide, with particular concentration of better off districts in the north east of the country. Additionally, regression analysis is carried out to help identify the macro level factors contributing towards the observed pattern. Results reveal infrastructural and industrial development to be significant factors behind a district‘s well-being. This indicates that public policy directed towards developing deprived districts should be cantered on these factors, specifically expanding road networks, and incentives for industrial development in those districts. JEL classifications: I32, O53 Keywords: Measurement and Analysis of Poverty, District Level Analysis, Pakistan
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Azhar, Annus, and Shahid Adil. "The Effects of Agglomeration on Socio-economic Outcomes: A District Level Panel Study of Punjab." Pakistan Development Review 58, no. 2 (June 1, 2019): 159–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v58i2pp.159-176.
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This paper examines the variation of agglomeration across districts over time in Punjab and analyses the effects of agglomeration on socio-economic outcomes in terms of social inclusion and efficiency of firms at the district level in Punjab. Earlier studies in this regard faced multiple problems since they used cross-sectional data. To bridge the gap, a newly constructed panel data from CMI is used. Factor Analysis technique is used to analyse socialinclusion variable, in addition to some other control variables as well. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) with bootstrap technique (performed in R) is used to calculate district-wise firm efficiency. The study argues that agglomeration is a logical consequence of China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) through an increase in the economic activity in various districts of the province. The results show that district agglomeration has a positive effect on the average district-wise efficiency of firms and has a positive statistically significant relation with social inclusion. Interesting implications arise from results, setting up clusters in urbanised rather than highly urbanised areas under CPEC can be a game changer for the economy of Pakistan especially Punjab since it has significant potential positive effects on the economy of Punjab. JEL Classification: D62, I38, L52, R13 Keywords: Agglomeration, CPEC, Social Inclusion, Factor Analysis, Data Envelopment Analysis, Efficiency
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Hooda, Ekta, B. K. Hooda, and Veena Manocha. "Dynamics of inter-district developmental disparities in Haryana." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 9, no. 2 (June 1, 2017): 983–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v9i2.1307.
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The present study deals with the development disparities in districts of Haryana according to their level of development. The study utilized data over three points of time, viz. 1991-92, 2001-02, and 2011-12. Assessment of development in agricultural, industrial, infrastructural and socio-economic sectors has been studied using composite indices based on forty indicators. Out of the forty indicators, 19 were directly concerned with agricultural development, 4, 8 and 9 respectively reflected the progress of development in industrial, infrastructural, and socio-economic sectors. Sector-wise indices were combined to obtain weighted index for the overall development. The study indicated wide disparities in level of development among districts of Haryana in all the periods of study.The district of Mahendragarh lagged behind in almost all the sectors considered for this study. The districts of Faridabad and Gurgaon lagged behind in agriculture while the district of Karnal excelled in agriculture in all the three periods. The districts of Ambala, Faridabad and Gurgaon ranked first in overall development in 1991-92, 2001-02 and 2011-12, respectively, whereas Mahendragarh ranked last in 1991-92 and 2001-02 and the newly formed district Mewat in 2011-12. Spearman’s rank correlation was used to study relationships among sectoral developments. Kruskal Wallis test indicated significant changes in development level of industry and infrastructure sectors over the periods 1991-92, 2001-02 and 2011-12.
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Behera, Ms Annanya. "Overview of rural Development at District Level: Case of Dhalai District, Tripura." INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 07, no. 10 (October 1, 2023): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem26159.
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Situated in the North-eastern piece of Tripura, the Locale of Dhalai covers a space of about 2312.29 sq km. Over many years, the land has been known for its reach culture and diversity. A detailed analysis of multiple sectors such as demography, economy, physical and social infrastructure shows that the land has a rich potential to be developed as one of the best land in terms of vital resources. The existing resources and infrastructure need to be fully developed for its people. Many central level as well as the state level policies have been launched for the purpose of uplifting the rural development scenario in the country. Proper implementation and awareness about specific policies will augment the growth scenario in the rural areas. Key Words: rural development, infrastructure, government policy, resource development
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Thieu, Nguyen Manh, and Phung Thanh Loan. "Economic Restructuring at the District Level towards Sustainable Development." Business and Economic Research 13, no. 3 (September 2, 2023): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ber.v13i3.21284.
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Economic restructuring at the district level towards sustainable development is one of the important goals of the Party and the State. Looking back at the development process in recent years, it cannot be denied that Vietnam's economy has made significant progress. Attached to that development is the process of sustainable restructuring at the district level. Through a case study in Hoai Duc district, the author proposes sustainable development solutions for all levels within the district.
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Taghvaei, Masoud, Hamid Reza Varesi, and Masoud Narimani. "An Analysis on Effect of Urban Development Plans on Realization of Sustainable Development of Metropolis of Isfahan." Modern Applied Science 10, no. 3 (January 13, 2016): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/mas.v10n3p1.
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Spreading cities and increasing urban population scaled up urban problems and challenges. As a metropolis, Isfahan is faced with many challenges, too, which requires effective and qualitative urban development plans in regards of urban sustainable development framework in order to improving itself. The objective of this research is evaluating status of sustainable development of Isfahan and effect of urban development plan on this city. Therefore, the research data is analyzed and evaluated using quantitative model of TOPSIS regarding objectives and hypotheses of the research. In addition, Entropy and coefficient of dispersion, SPSS, EXCEL and TOPSIS SOLVER software are used in order to dada analysis and ARC GIS software is used to draw and provide maps. Results and findings of analyzing and evaluating this research indicated that urban development flow of Isfahan is an unsustainable flow at both levels of "present situation" and "urban development plan"; most districts in Isfahan are much less prosperous, less prosperous or fairly prosperous. Therefore, in "current condition", 33% of urban district in Isfahan are at "less prosperous and much less prosperous" level and 37% of districts are at "fairly prosperous" level; only 30% of urban district in Isfahan are at "prosperous and very prosperous" level. This condition deteriorated more in urban development plan. In urban development plan of Isfahan, 55% of urban district of this city are at "less prosperous and much less prosperous" level and 15% of districts are at "fairly prosperous" level; only 30% of urban districts of Isfahan are at "very prosperous and prosperous" level. According to this fact that indicatives of this analysis are capitations of urban services' applications, we can conclude that capitation of urban services' applications is reduced in urban development plan and is turned to capitation of residential applications (non-service). Therefore, metropolis of Isfahan is not a sustainable and prosperous city and facilities or public services are not distributed sustainably and concordantly in its urban districts.
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Hidayati, Roziana Ainul. "Development Index of Village." Journal of Social Science Studies 7, no. 1 (September 13, 2019): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jsss.v7i1.15349.
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Development Index of Village (IPD) is part of a development plan Rural Development Information System (SIPDs) and Rural Area Development is based on Law No. 6 of 2014 on the village of Article 86, which is one of its verses says "Government and Local Government shall develop an information system of the village and the Development of rural areas". Development Index of Village (IPD) was built by the Village Potential Census data (Podes) issued by the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) conducted within a period of 3 (three) years. There are five (5) dimensions of rural development index (IPD) is the first basic service, the condition of infrastructure, third-accessibility / transport, public services fourth, and fifth Implementation of government. IPD village classifies into Villages, Village Developing and Village Self. Based on the research results Hidayati (2015) obtained the data that the proportion of the population living below the national poverty line in Tuban regency suffered progress backwards with PHI value of - 0.293, the ratio of depth of poverty in the district Tuban also retreated with PHI value of - 0.141. Similarly, the ratio of employment to population aged 15 years and over in Tuban experiencing progress backwards with PHI value of - 0.063. While Indicator of education in almost all districts in Tuban, many have not reached the target or targets were heading except for indicators dropout rate (DO) of children aged 7-15 years (2.2.z), figure Attrition SD (2.f) and figure Dropout SMP (2.g). These facts are an indication that the achievement of development in Tuban Regency still needs a big effort to be improved. Therefore, in order to improve the development strategy in Tuban regency proper and appropriate program / target location, it is necessary to conduct a study to first identify the achievement of Village Development Index in each Village and District based on 5 Dimension of IPD and conducted Clusterization of Village Development per District in Tuban Regency based IPD (Podes 2014). In order to achieve these objectives are used IPD scorecard and IPD maping techniques. And the result is the majority in almost all districts in Tuban Regency IPD performance related to the dimensions of economic infrastructure, communication infrastructure and information and public services in the field of sports is still far from the target Minimum Service Standards Tuban. IPD achievements are related to the dimensions of energy infrastructure, health and sanitation infrastructure and transportation accessibility, public service in the field of public health and self-reliance in governance shows that almost all districts in Tuban Regency have reached the Minimum Service Standards target. The dimension of governance is a dimension whose level of development achievement does not have a red scorecard for all sub-districts. The village with the highest IPD achievement in Tuban Regency is Sukosari Village, Soko District whereas the lowest IPD achievement is Ngrejeng village, Grabagan sub-district. The percentage of classification of village status in Tuban Regency covers 2.57% of the villages, 90.68% for developing villages and independent villages as much as 6.75%. Based on Cluster Mapping of Village Development Index, Grabagan District is a sub-district with the Lowest Village Development Index level, especially in terms of its infrastructure development dimension. Next Kerek District and District Kenduruan as the second lowest cluster. While the District Jatirogo, Bancar, Tambakboyo, Bangilan, Senori, Parengan, Soko and Semanding. As a sub-district with the highest cluster that has a Village Development Index above 64.09 is District Jenu, Merakurak, Tuban, Cross, Widang, Plumpang, Rengel, Montong and Singgahan
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Widanarto, Agustinus. "KAJIAN PENYUSUNAN DATA BASE PENATAAN KECAMATAN DI KABUPATEN BANDUNG." CosmoGov 3, no. 2 (October 7, 2017): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/cosmogov.v3i2.14728.
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The title of this research was A Study of the Creation of a Database for an Arrangement of Localities in Bandung District. Its background was a study of local potentials in attempt to measure and evaluate the variables or criteria of the local potentials required to know a possible arrangement of localities in Bandung District. The research results were expectedly useful as a material in determining the best choice for the Regional Development and Arrangement in Bandung District. The objective of the research was to obtain a description on the capacity of localities in implementing regional autonomy, and to know the possibility of development and arranging the whole localities in Bandung District to perform development and arrangement in kecamatan (sub district) level. The research was an application of measurement and evaluation models to the capacity of the potentials that describe and explain the strength level or effect of the observed variables on the success of governmental implementation, in order to enhance the implementation of public services, development, and democratization. By the approach, it could be found out objectively and deeply the capacity of the potensials that the sub-distric possess in implementing governance by measuring the indicators and sub-indicators of some variables, namely: demography,orbitation, health education, religious facility, sport facility, transportation, communication, public lighting, political awareness, security and social order, agriculture, fishoing, husbandry, labor, social-cultural, community economy, social community, and administrative aspects. Both primary and secondary data were obtained from 31 (thirty one) sub- districs in Bandung District, in form of qualitative and quantitative data. A sub- district might be split if it owns potentials at a high interval (1.008< TS<1.680). It might be split on condition that its potentials were at an interval of (644< TS< 1.008), and decided as fail or rejected to be split if a sub-district achieved a total score of less than 644. The evaluation and measurement results of the potentials of sub-district in Bandung District could be explained as follows: The scoring of village monographic secondary data on the 31 sub-districs to be split produced a result that there were 14 (fourteen) sub-districts falling into a category of being feasible to split, namely: Rancabali, Pangalengan, Pacet, Cicalengka, Nagreg, Rancaekek, Majalaya, Ciparay, Baleendah, Margaasih, Margahayu, Dayeuhkolot, Bojongsoang, and Cilaunyi.
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., Vanlaltanpuia, Ch Udaya Bhaskara Rao, and P. C. Lalrindika. "Vulnerability level of forest degradation in Mizoram: A spatio-temporal density analysis." Disaster Advances 15, no. 10 (September 25, 2022): 28–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.25303/1510da028034.
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With vast forest cover from the total geographical area, Mizoram had been experiencing forest degradation for more than a decade. The present study attempts to assess the rate of forest degradation in different districts of Mizoram. The vulnerability level of forest degradation is determined by statistical techniques. The result reveals that Saiha district falls in the very highly vulnerable zone of forest degradation followed by Champhai and Kolasib districts in highly vulnerable zones. Lawngtlai district is in the moderately highly vulnerable zones and Aizawl and Lunglei districts are in the moderately vulnerable zone. Mamit district is in low vulnerable zones and Serchhip district has no vulnerability status of forest degradation.
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Maji, Krishnendu, and Sumana Sarkar. "Intra-District Disparities in Primary Education: A Case Study of Bankura District, West Bengal." Space and Culture, India 4, no. 3 (March 31, 2017): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.20896/saci.v4i3.214.
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The level of education and its response to different educational opportunities vary from one spatial unit to another depending on various factors like social, economic, cultural, and institutional. It is understood that certain regions acquire relative advancements over others in terms of human resource development and human capital formation. The key purpose of this research is to examine the intra-district disparities in primary education in Bankura District one of the districts of West Bengal. It ranks 11thamong the 19 districts of West Bengal (Human Development Report, 2007). Overall literacy rate of the district stands at 70.26% but the district scores low in terms of female literacy rates, which is 60.05%,whereas the male literacy rate is 80.05%, which is a huge gender literacy gap of 20%. There are also regional inequalities existing at block level. Kotulpur ranks first with a literacy rate of 78.01% while Saltora occupies the bottom position with literacy rate of just 61.45% (Census of India, 2011). The level of educational development is dependent on several factors—enrolment ratio, dropout and repetition rates, pupil-teacher ratio, habitations covered by educational institutions, space-student ratio, drinking water and sanitation facilities in school, etc. In this context, the present study aims at examining the issues of intra-district disparities in educational attainment with regard to various educational amenities of Bankura district, West Bengal. Ten attributes have been selected to examine the level of development in primary education. It is clear from the study that the level of development in eastern part of the district is relatively better in comparison to other regions. Economic backwardness and physical bottlenecks continue to be major issues in western blocks.
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Kumari, Reena. "Performance of Agriculture in Uttar Pradesh-A District-level Analysis." Journal of Global Economy 9, no. 1 (March 25, 2013): 69–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1956/jge.v9i1.290.
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The growth of agriculture is prerequisite for overall development of Indian economy. It contributes significantly to the export earnings and affects the performance of other sectors of the economy through forward and backward linkages. The present paper analyses district and regional level disparity in agriculture development in Uttar Pradesh on a number of agricultural parameters. It uses UNDP methodology (subsequently used by a number of others) to standardize various indicators for agricultural attainment in the state of Uttar Pradesh using 13 agricultural development indicators. A composite index has been constructed at the district level and also regional level for two cross-section years 1990-91 and 2008-09. The relative variations and changes in ranks of different districts have been computed during the period under consideration. Evidence shows existence of high and persistent inter-state disparity in agriculture in the state over the years. The transformation of some districts from the level of relatively underperformer to the rank of better performer and vice versa has been witnessed and explained. The findings encourage the authors to conclude that a more determined effort on the part of the policy makers is needed if the development policy has to be made truly inclusive.
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Li, Lin, Jiang He, and Da Yao Li. "A Case Study of Green Ecological Urban District in Nanning Wuxiang New District." Applied Mechanics and Materials 744-746 (March 2015): 2245–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.744-746.2245.
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With the deterioration of the global environment, to explore the low-carbon, ecological, green development in urban construction has won the consensus of the world. A green ecological urban district is at the meso-level of a green city. This paper analyzes the development of green ecological urban districts in China. As a case study, the current situation and planning shortages in one of national green ecological urban districts (Wuxiang New District in Nanning) are described. Suggestions for implementing green ecological urban district planning in the study district are also proposed in the paper.
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Dewi, Cesaria, and Ekaria Ekaria. "Determinants of Development Achievements on District/City of Central Java in 2019." Jurnal Matematika, Statistika dan Komputasi 18, no. 2 (January 1, 2022): 274–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.20956/j.v18i2.18811.
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In 2019, Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional (Bappenas) awarded Central Java as the province with the best Perencanaan dan Pembangunan Daerah (PPD). However, if it is reviewed at the district/city level, it shows that there are still many areas that have low development achievements. In accordance with the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) proposal, the Human Development Index (HDI) is used as an indicator of the achievement of district/city development whose calculations are good enough to describe development from both a social and economic perspective. The large difference in HDI between districts/cities in Central Java and the distribution of development achievements are still centered around the provincial capital, namely Semarang City, this indicates the occurrence of inequality in development achievements at the district/city level in Central Java. Because the observations in this study are districts/cities in Central Java, the linkage between district/city causes spatial autocorrelation. Therefore, spatial regression model is used to determine the model that has spatial autocorrelation. This study aims to determine the achievements of development and its determinants in the districts/cities of Central Java in 2019 using the spatial regression analysis method. From the results of the study, it is known that there is a dependence on development achievements between districts/cities in Central Java which is influenced by the regional capacity factor is characterized by PAD and economic growth; operational resource factors characterized by DAU, DAK and technology; and the level of poverty.
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Mlecnik, E., and J. M. Hidalgo-Betanzos. "Policy instruments for energy-efficient renovations at district level." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1085, no. 1 (September 1, 2022): 012035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1085/1/012035.
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Abstract IEA EBC Annex 75 aims to investigate, amongst other policy for reducing carbon emissions and energy use in buildings at district level, combining both energy efficiency measures and renewable energy measures. Particularly policy instruments deployed at the local level targeting owners and investors could increase residential building renovation and renewable energy systems to a district scale. A desk and empirical research using 38 expert interviews from 8 European countries was used to investigate the use and development of various types of policy instruments, including regulations, incentives, communication and facilitating instruments. The research confirms interest of frontrunners to use or develop specific policy instruments further, such as enforcement of energy standards and inspections, financial incentives for district stakeholders and for groups of homeowners, renovation services and energy desks, digital communication and network meetings in districts. It also finds that low relative advantage for some stakeholders, lack of good examples, an incompatible legal or national framework and high complexity are serious risks that can further hinder adoption of energy efficiency and renewable energy systems in districts. Renovations at district scale including energy efficiency and renewable energy can benefit from adapted or improved regulations, incentives, communication and facilitation to better support renovations at district scale including energy efficiency and renewable energy systems.
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Horozhankina, N. A., and V. V. Hrushka. "Typization of administrative districts of Dnipropetrovsk region on the level of development of pre-school education (by methods of modeling of the trajectory of motion of sociogeosystems and cluster analysis)." Вісник Дніпропетровського університету. Геологія, географія 26, no. 1 (March 30, 2018): 41–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/111805.
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The simulation of the trajectory of the development of the educational component of district sociogeosystems in a multidimensional normalized space on the example of the subsystem of preschool education (in six indicators) was conducted on average for 2008-2017. According to the results of simulation of the development trajectory of the subsystem of pre-school education of district sociogeosystems based on the analysis of the coherence of their development trajectories with the optimal trajectory and the coherence of the development trajectory between the district sociogeosystems, it was established that the trajectories of the movement of the Apostolovsky, Solonyansky and Verkhnodniprovsky districts were closest to the point of maximal development. The most distant from it were the trajectories of development of Vasylkivsky, Pavlogradsky, Petrykivskyi districts. The average indicators of the rejection of the path through the sociogeosystems of the districts of the Dnipropetrovsk region have been calculated, and it has been established that only nine districts of the region (Vasylkivsky, Dnipropetrovsk, Krynichansky, Nikopolsky, Novomoskovsk, Pavlohradsky, Pokrovsky, Synelnikovsky, Tomakivsky) have positive meanings, the other thirteen districts are negative, indicating the inconsistency in the educational component of district sociogeosystems of the Dnipropetrovsk region. The highest index of distance from the origin of the specified time interval has the Apostolovsky district. High rates are characteristic for Pokrovsky, Krivoy Rog, Solonyansky districts. Low rates have Vasylkivsky, Petrykivsky, Pavlogradsky areas that lag behind in the development of the educational system of preschool education from other administrative units of the region. It was clarified that the districts of the Dnipropetrovsk region have been unevenly developed. Most progressed in the Vasylkivsky district, a little behind him trajectories of growth of Petrikivsky, Tomakivsky and Yurievsky districts. The grouping of administrative regions of the Dnipropetrovsk region on the basis of cluster analysis allowed allocating five groups (clusters) of subsystems of pre-school education according to the similarity of their territorial organization.
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Lorenz, Christian, and Muhammad Khalid. "Regional Health Accounts for Pakistan—Provincial and District Health Expenditures and the Degree of Districts Fiscal Autonomy on Health." Pakistan Development Review 48, no. 4II (December 1, 2009): 621–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v48i4iipp.621-634.
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Since May 2009 the first National Health Accounts (NHA) for Pakistan have been finalised and published by Federal Bureau of Statistics (FBS) in cooperation with German Technical Cooperation (GTZ). This paper goes one step ahead the report and analyses in more detail the regional differences in health expenditure structures in Pakistan. The further analyses can be divided into four parts: health expenditures in provinces (Provincial Health Accounts, PHA),2 Punjab provincial and district governments health expenditures and its comparison with ADB figures, all districts of Pakistan and comparison between total district government and provincial government expenditure for each province; the latter calculation is applied as indication for the degree of fiscal autonomy of the districts in each province. Consequently we first analyse the provincial health expenditures by Financial Agents and compare them between the provinces which leads to very heterogeneous results (Section 2); the per capita health expenditures differ from 16 to 23 USD. Secondly, we compare NHA results on Punjab district government with available ADB results and present differences in methods as possible reasons for different results (Section 3). Third, we analyse district data of all district governments in all four Pakistani provinces on the level of detailed function codes in Section 4; the aim is to discover regional differences between districts of the same as well as of different provinces. Fourth, we analyse in Section 5 the degree of fiscal autonomy on health of the districts in each province; therefore we review the ordinance description and compare total district government with total provincial government expenditures per province. Finally we give recommendations for future rounds of NHA in Pakistan regarding formats and necessities of detailed health expenditure data collection to ensure evidence based decision-making not only on federal, but also on provincial and district level. JEL classification: H51, I1, O18, R1 Keywords: National Health Accounts, Health Expenditures, Regional Comparison, Regional Accounts, Fiscal Autonomy, Pakistan
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Chauhan, Alok, and Ajay Kumar Thakur. "Regional Disparity in Levels of Agricultural Development in Rajasthan: A District Level Analysis." Annals of the National Association of Geographers India 42, no. 1 (June 3, 2022): 63–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.32381/atnagi.2022.42.01.5.
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MARIS, Martin, and Marian KOVACIK. "Urban Structure as a Precondition of Regional Development. Evidence from Slovakia." Journal of Settlements and Spatial Planning SI, no. 11 (February 15, 2022): 25–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/jsspsi.04.cspter.
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The main objective of the paper was to investigate a possible link between the urban structure and regional economic performance in Slovakia, at district level (LAU1). Based on the selected urban indicators, we identified distinct patterns in terms of urban structure and economic performance in Slovakia through the Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering (AHC) method. The “inner” urban pattern includes districts located predominantly in the central part of the country with some extension to the west and east. Common characteristics of this pattern are higher centrality, clustering, and monocentric urban cores. The “outer” urban pattern includes districts located predominantly at the periphery, along the borders. The common characteristics of this pattern are the dispersed urban patterns and polycentric settlement structures. The underlying urban structure was matched with the economic conditions prevailing in each district for evaluating the degree of concordance. The kappa coefficient of concordance has shown a scant relation between the urban structure and economic performance of regions at the district level (LAU1). According to the main findings, underlying urban pattern (clustered or dispersed one) in any particular district does not preclude economic success or failure of its regional economy.
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Dunn, R., and P. Walker. "District-Level Variations in the Configuration of Service Provision in England: A Graphical Approach to Classification." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 21, no. 10 (October 1989): 1397–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a211397.
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An hierarchical clustering procedure is applied to data on the percentage of hospital beds in five standard categories for the 191 District Health Authorities in England. A series of graphical displays are then presented which build on the clustering procedure and allow more detailed inter-District comparisons to be made. This empirical analysis illustrates the power of graphical methods for data analysis and stresses the importance of the identification of groups of similar Districts in order to allow meaningful inter-District comparisons to be made.
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Komarulzaman, Ahmad, Robi Andoyo, Zuzy Anna, Aisyah Amatul Ghina, Putri Riswani Halim, Herlina Napitupulu, Monica Ruth Karunia, and Annisa Andriani. "Achieving Zero Stunting: A Sustainable Development Goal Interlinkage Approach at District Level." Sustainability 15, no. 11 (May 31, 2023): 8890. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15118890.
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The sustainable development goals (SDGs) provide an integrated framework of targets and indicators, including the elimination of stunting, to support better development planning. Indonesia faces a significant challenge as it ranks fourth globally in terms of stunting prevalence, exacerbated by disparities across regions, gender, and socioeconomic status, further compounded by the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Given the interlinked nature of SDGs, this study provides empirical support for the prioritization of SDG indicators, primarily in the context of stunting elimination at the district level in Indonesia. This study employed a combination of economic complexity and network theory, utilizing data from a comprehensive set of 54 indicators spanning 28 targets within 13 SDG goals in 514 districts. The analysis is based on network metrics, including revealed comparative advantage (RCA), proximity, centrality, and density to establish the SDG interlinkage network and identify key priority indicators. The findings highlight the importance of prioritizing indicators such as civil registration, health facilities and services, access to basic facilities and housing, and access to ICT in efforts to reduce stunting, particularly among disadvantaged households. Given the unique resources and capacities of each region, our analysis offers district-specific prioritization strategies for stunting elimination.
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Sam, Koyel, and Dr Namita Chakma. "An Inter-Block Level Analysis of Regional Disparity in the Youngest Alipurduar District of West Bengal." Space and Culture, India 3, no. 3 (March 26, 2016): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.20896/saci.v3i3.159.
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Alipurduar (also known as ‘Dooars’) was a subdivision of Jalpaiguri district before its emergence as the new 20th district of West Bengal on 25 June 2014. The districts of North Bengal (including Darjeeling, Jalpaiguri, Coochbehar, Uttar Dinajpur, Dakshin Dinajpur and Malda) have been poorly placed in comparison to the state of West Bengal, in terms of Human Development Indicators: low literacy level, poor condition in sanitation, and partly availability of electricity and safe drinking water (Report on Comparative Backwardness of North Bengal Region, Government of India, 2002). Research on regional disparity is essential for addressing the lacuna in the planning process of development (Sen, 2001). In the present study, an analysis has been made in terms of the inter-block inequality in socio-economic and infrastructural development of Alipurduar district as a newly emerged region.
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Tanwar, Nitin, Sunil Kumar, B. V. S. Sisodia, and B. K. Hooda. "Dynamics of socio-economic development of districts of eastern Uttar Pradesh." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 8, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 5–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v8i1.736.
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Development process of any system is dynamic in nature and depends on large number of parameters. This study attempted to capture latest dynamics of development of districts of Eastern Uttar Pradesh in respect of three dimensions- Agriculture, Social and Infrastructure. Techniques adopted by Narain et al. (1991) have been used in addition to Principal component and factor analysis. Ranking seems to very close to ground reality and provides useful information for further planning and corrective measures for future development of Eastern UttarPradesh’s Districts. The Composite Indices (C.I.) of development in respect of 18 developmental indicators for the total 28 districts of eastern Uttar Pradesh have been estimated for the year 2010-2011. The district Barabanki was showed a higher level of development (C.I. =0.10) in Agricultural development compared to Social development (C.I.=1.12) and Infrastructural development (C.I. =0.89) followed by the district Ambedkar nagar (Agricultural, C.I. =0.52), (Social, C.I. =1.12) and (Infrastructure, C.I. =0.89). District Allahabad secured first position in the Social development (C.I. =0.81) and second in Infrastructural development (C.I. =0.34) as compared to Agriculture (C.I. =0.93). District Varanasi was the most developed district in Infrastructure (C.I. =0.10) as compared to Agriculture (C.I.=0.96) and Social (C.I. =0.96). As per findings of the study, the two districts Mau and Jaunpur were down in their ranking and the districts Chandauli and Maharajganj improved their ranking.
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Antara, Made. "Inequlity of Economic Development Between Districts in Bali Province." SOCA: Jurnal Sosial, Ekonomi Pertanian 16, no. 1 (January 28, 2022): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/soca.2022.v16.i01.p07.
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Economic development is an effort to improve people's welfare, but must be accompanied by growth and distribution of income. The objective of this research are (1) to analyze the level of inequality in economic development between districts/city in Bali Province with and without Badung Regency, (2) di draw the trend lines of economic development between districts/cities in Bali. Source of data is Bali Province Central Statistics Agency. Methof of data analysis uses the Williamson Index. The results of the research showed that (1) The inequality of economic development between districts/city in Bali in 2000-2016 was low but close to moderate, indicated by the Williamson Index average of 0.35. Inequality of economic development between districts/city in Bali for the period 2000-2004 is classified as moderate, indicated by the Williamson Index of 0.38. Badung district has a contribution to increase inequality in economic development between districts/city in Bali as indicated by an increase in the average Williamson Index between districts/city in Bali (without Badung District) of 0.18 (low), while The Williamson index between districts/city in Bali Province (with Badung District) is 0.35 (low to medium).(2) The trendline of inequality in economic development between districts/cities in Bal Province tends to decrease.
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Małolepszy, Eligiusz, and Teresa Drozdek-Małolepsza. "Organisational development of sport in the Volhynian province during the Second Polish Republic." Studies in Sport Humanities 25 (January 2, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.7570.
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The aim of this paper is to present the development of organisational sport structures in the Volhynian province in the years 1921-1939 regarding the establishment of district and sub-district associations within individual disciplines of physical activity. During the interwar period, the Volhynian province was inhabited by, among others, the Polish, Ukrainian, Jewish, German, Czech and Russian population. In this respect, the Volhynian province stood out on an all-Poland level. In the years 1921-1939, associations were set up for individual sports disciplines in the Volhynian province district and sub-district. During this period, district sports associations were established in, among others, Volhynia, for the following disciplines: boxing, ice hockey, track-and-fi eld, skiing, football. On the territory of the Volhynian province, sports structures began to appear on levels lower than districts and sub-districts, within areas of physical activity. The development of district sports associations in Volhynia was particularly noticeable in the 1930s. In the 1920s, clubs and associations, running sports sections, mainly made up district sports associations with their seats in Lublin and Lviv. The establishment of district and sub-district associations in the Volhynian province facilitated the development of sports competition, making it possible to select the best sportspeople, and also increased the number of sports events.
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Sharan, Girja, and S. Narayanan. "How Frequent are Transfers of District and Block-Level Officers ?" Vikalpa: The Journal for Decision Makers 11, no. 3 (July 1986): 215–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0256090919860304.
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Development work is a team effort. The continued presence of the same team thus can be expected to be more fruitful. A high turnover rate of officials at district and lower levels is considered detrimental to development. This has been recognized and reflected in the setting up of norms of minimum duration of stay for various categories of officers dealing with development. But what is the reality on the ground? In this article, Girja Sharan and S Narayanan look into the frequency of transfers of officials over decades in two districts of Rajasthan and quantify the data, concluding that it is statistically certain that no team of Collector, Sub-Divisional Officer, Tehsildar, and Block Development Officer, initially appointed, would work for even a period of two years. Chances are just one in five that the team would last one for year!
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Pal, Vivek, R. L. Shiyani, and N. J. Ardeshna. "Dynamics of agricultural development in Gujarat: A district level analysis." Indian Journal of Economics and Development 11, no. 1 (2015): 351. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2322-0430.2015.00040.2.
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Ghaus, A. F. Aisha, Hafiz A. Pasha, and Rafia Ghaus. "Social Development Ranking of Districts of Pakistan." Pakistan Development Review 35, no. 4II (December 1, 1996): 593–614. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v35i4iipp.593-614.
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The paper has used eleven indicators relating to the education, health and water supply sectors to rank districts of Pakistan in terms of the level of social development. It also seeks to explain regional variation in the development of social infrastructure across districts. The paper demonstrates the importance of education indicators in determining the overall level of social development, especially in terms of female literacy and enrolment rates. Also, the ranking demonstrate a close correlation between levels of social and economic development spatially with Pakistan. Other important determinants of regional variations in the level of social development include the extent of urbanisation, the administrative development of the district (location of provincial headquarters), and the geographical/economic significance (indicated by the presence of the sea port). Overall, Punjab appears to have the highest level of social development followed by NWFP, Sindh and Balochistan. However, the results indicate substantial variation among districts within a province in the level of social development. Least developed districts within each province are identified as targets for special development allocations within SAP.
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Harish, H. S., and A. S. Rayamane. "Spatial Variation in the Level of Agricultural Development in Mandya District." Geographical Analysis 8, no. 2 (December 5, 2019): 98–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.53989/bu.ga.v8i2.9.
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Agricultural development is multidimensional in nature. There are number of elements influencing on the level of agricultural development in a region. Understanding the spatial and temporal differences in the level of agricultural development and to examine measures their relationships with physical and non-physical factors influencing on levels of development is needed. The main objectives of the selected study are, to study the special pattern of Agricultural Development in Mandya district & to analyze the regional disparities of agricultural development. The present study is based on secondary source of published data for the years 1991 and 2017 obtained from the statistical magazine of Mandya district. For measuring the relative score of various attributes of agricultural development in Mandya district. Standard score technique has been applied (Z-Score). New technologies and commercial crops are adopted to develop agro-economy. For these reason emphases on the diffusion of agricultural innovation are stressed. Therefore, an attempt has been made to identify the spatiotemporal pattern of agricultural development in seven development taluks of Mandya district. Keywords: Agricultural development; Z Score
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Kuklin, Alexander, Natalya Krivenko, and Liudmila Kriventsova. "Socioeconomic Trends of the Regional Development." Level of Life of the Population of the Regions of Russia 16, no. 4 (November 20, 2020): 49–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/lsprr.2020.16.4.4.
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The article describes the role of high-quality human capital in the modern economy, socioeconomic, and demographic trends in the regions. The research has revealed a certain relationship and mutual influence of economic and social factors on demographic trends. The assessment of the efficiency of the functioning of social sectors at the all-Russian Federal level and in the Ural Federal District revealed a low level of resource provision, insufficient investment in education and healthcare, which affects the state of fixed assets, leads to a low capital-labour ratio, and lags in terms of labour productivity in these sectors compared to indicators on average for the country's economy. An insufficient level of efficiency of the social sphere affects the social and demographic indicators. On the example of Russia and the Ural Federal District, a stable mutual influence of the economic situation and social aspects of population reproduction is shown. For a quantitative assessment of the relationship between economic, social and demographic processes in the Ural Federal District, indicators were selected for 6 subjects of the Ural Federal District for 2000-2018, the calculation was made using the methods of correlation and regression analysis, the coefficient of natural population growth was chosen as the main indicator characterizing the demographic trends. The model of the impact of socioeconomic indicators on demographic trends in the subjects of the Ural Federal Districts were built. With the unconditional impact of the incidence rate on the change in natural population growth, significant values were obtained for the following factors: an increase in the expenditures of the budgets of territorial compulsory health insurance funds, an increase in the share of the working-age population, an improvement in the welfare of the population, which contributes to an increase in average life expectancy, a reduction in mortality, and acceleration of demographic processes in the regions
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Dufek, J., and M. Ospala. "Analysis of the basic characteristics of demographic development in an urban, suburban and provincial district in the Czech." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 48, No. 12 (March 1, 2012): 533–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/5365-agricecon.
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This paper analyses and compares the basic demographic characteristics of the selected districts of the Jihomoravský region, namely the urban Brno-město district, the suburban Brno-venkov district and the provincial Břeclav district, in the period between 1990–2000. The methodology section describes the indicators we have used, the basic data were taken from the database of the Czech Statistical Office. Generally speaking, the life expectancy increases, the proportion of the post-productive population increases while there is a significant decrease in the proportion of the pre-productive population as well as in the rates of most demographic categories (marriage rate, birth rate, abortion rate and, to some extent, mortality). Natural reproduction has been negative for a long time. The results reveal that the provincial and the suburban district are similar in most indices as far as both the index level and the population development are concerned. On the other hand, the urban district shows significant differences.
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Guttenplan, Martin, Beverly Davis, Ruth Steiner, and Demian Miller. "Planning-Level Areawide Multimodal Level-of-Service Analysis: Performance Measures for Congestion Management." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1858, no. 1 (January 2003): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1858-09.
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The state of Florida has been experiencing an explosion of growth, and it is one of the fastest growing states in the country. While the state has been in the forefront of growth management initiatives, the results have been less than satisfactory. The state recognized the need to integrate land use planning efforts with transportation planning efforts. Legislation was passed that allows the formation of multimodal transportation districts, which focus on appropriate land use mixes and densities that would enhance the use of transportation modes other than the automobile. There are several key elements in the evaluation of these districts, using both land use analysis and the recently adopted multimodal level-of-service performance measures. To validate these evaluation techniques, especially focusing on the level-of-service performance measures, several case studies were undertaken. The guidelines for the formation of a multimodal transportation district provide local governments with a template for enhancing existing and new development. These guidelines also provide a blueprint for sustainable growth and the promotion and development of livable communities through the integration of transportation, land use, and urban design.
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Diem, Sarah, Carrie Sampson, and Laura Gavornik Browning. "Reorganizing a countywide school district: A critical analysis of politics and policy development toward decentralization." education policy analysis archives 26 (January 5, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.14507/epaa.26.3253.
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Policymakers and educational leaders continue to use school district decentralization as a reform effort that attempts to shift power and authority from central office administration to school-level leadership. In 2015, the Nevada Legislature passed legislation to restructure the Clark County School District (CCSD), the state’s largest school district, with the intent of breaking it up into smaller districts but instead evolving to decentralization. In this article, we use case study methods to explore the events leading up to the reorganization of CCSD. We take a critical perspective on Kingdon’s multiple streams framework to analyze the reorganization efforts, focusing specifically on how Nevada’s political context provided a window of opportunity for the reorganization to occur. We also examine the extent to which equitable educational opportunity was a factor in these efforts. Our analysis of the reorganization of CCSD contributes to a wider understanding of state-level policy development and politics within contemporary educational contexts. In this case, we find that state-level policymakers successfully leveraged the opportunity to enact the power and authority necessary to significantly and rapidly impact the structure of one of the largest school districts in the United States.
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BURKYNSKYI, B. V., V. F. GORYACHUK, V. M. OSIPOV, G. M. MURZANOVSKIY, and Z. V. CHEHOVICH. "THE REFORM OF THE DISTRICT LEVEL OF LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT: STATUS AND POSSIBLE OPTIONS FOR ITS FURTHER IMPLEMENTATION." Economic innovations 24, no. 2(83) (June 20, 2022): 7–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.31520/ei.2022.24.2(83).7-16.
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Topicality. The urgency of the article is substantiated by an excessive centralization of powers and financial and material resources of the executive branch, the inability of territorial communities at the district level to exercise their powers, limited access to public services due to lack of funding and deterioration of local government infrastructure as well as reduced professionalism of officials. There is a need for scientific substantiation of scenarios for further implementation of the decentralization reform in terms of determining the rational balance of powers and tasks to be allocated to the district level of government with an appropriate financial support. The experience of forming enlarged administrative-territorial entities at the district level in Ukraine is a modern interpretation and development of European approaches to the definition of functional areas and statistical units according to NUTS-3, which determines the relevance of this study not only at the national but also at the Pan-European level within the context of development of applied principles of the regional development theory.Aim and tasks. The objectives of this study are: to analyze the state of the reform of local self-government at the district level, to consider possible options and scenarios for further implementation of this process, to determine a list of powers that should be transferred to the district level, and to propose measures of material, financial and organizational support.Research results. The peculiarity of a new districts formation in Ukraine is that the districts, which include regional centers, have a number of population several times higher than in other districts of the region. This does not comply with the European standard NUTS-3, which specifies a number of population in districts from 150 thou people to 800 thou people. The concept of local self-government reforming and territorial organization of power provides for the transfer of powers at the district level from executive power bodies to executive bodies of district councils; however the executive bodies of district councils have not been created yet, given that the relevant adjustments to the legislation have not been made. On September 17, 2020, the Verkhovna Rada adopted the Law of Ukraine "On Amendments to the Budget Code of Ukraine to Align the Provisions of Budget Legislation in Connection with the Completion of Administrative and Territorial Reform." This legislative act abolishes personal income tax revenues directed to district budgets, which is the main source of their funding. The district level is also excluded from the system of horizontal equalization, hence district budgets will not receive a basic subsidy and will not be engaged in direct inter-budgetary relations with the state budget and they are excluded from the list of "recipients" of educational and medical subventions. The revenues structure of district budgets’ general fund, which is enshrined in the new Article 64 of the Budget Code of Ukraine, narrows their revenue base dramatically. The district level of local self-government is almost leveled, and it is deprived of most powers and financial resources, as a result, it cannot represent common interests of territorial communities at the basic level, which contradicts a principle of subsidiarity, and an issue of expediency of further existence of the district level of local self-government will be raised in the near future. The article considers possible options for further reform of the district level of local self-government, namely: (1) liquidation of the district level of local self-government, (2) preservation of existing state of the district level of local self-government, (3) preservation of the district level of local self-government, while giving it authority and financial resources to represent the common interests of territorial communities of the basic level. A draft of powers, which should be transferred to the district level of local self-government, has been proposed.Conclusions. The amendments to the legislation made in 2020 have led to a situation where the district level of local self-government was deprived of a larger share of its revenues and was significantly limited in its powers. As a result, the local self-government at the district level cannot fully represent common interests of territorial communities of the basic level in accordance with Article 140 of the Constitution of Ukraine and the principle of subsidiarity. This raised a question on expediency of the existence of the local self-government at the district level. Possible options for its further reform have been considered in the article. The most expedient option is to preserve the district level of local self-government and provide it with powers and financial resources so that it would be able to represent common interests of territorial communities of the basic level. The list of powers to be transferred to the district level has been determined.
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Yankanchi, Geetha M., K. Geetha, Usha Ravindra, Imrankhan Jiragal, and R. Latha Rani. "Perception Level of Farm Women towards Entrepreneurial Development in Tumkuru and Chikkaballapura Districts of Karnataka, India." Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics & Sociology 41, no. 11 (November 15, 2023): 160–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2023/v41i112272.
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Women entrepreneurs are the business owners participating in economic activity to empower themselves economically and enhance their status in the society. The perception of the farm women in entrepreneurial development is equally important in addition to availability of number of initiatives and resources to promote and develop women’s entrepreneurship. Hence to assess the perception of the farm women, a study was conducted in Tumkuru and Chikkaballapura districts of Karnataka state during the year 2021-2022. The results revealed that the mean score for the perception statement “I am not the decision maker in the family” ranked first (2.98) about self, in Tumkuru district Where as “higher education is required to start an enterprise” (2.95) in Chikkaballapura district. Under, perception about family and family members “If startup fails there will be huge loss and it will affect my family” stands first rank (2.72) in Tumkuru and “I will not be able to spend quality time with my children if I start enterprise” (2.69) in Chikkaballapura district. Perception about people indicated “People may feel jealous of my startup venture” stood first with a mean score of 2.84 and 3.05 in Tumkuru and Chikkaballapura respectively. “I am uncertain about the returns from my enterprise” stood first (3.14 and 3.07) in Tumkuru and Chikkaballapura district respectively regarding enterprise. However, perception about financial institutions indicated “Banks may require collateral security to give loan” was the first priority (3.11 and 3.09) in Tumkuru and Chikkaballapura district. Dimension wise perception indicated low preference for family and family members, about people and enterprise (54.20%, 47.80% and 36.60%) respectively in Tumkuru where as in Chikkaballapura it was 33.80, 49.20 and 38.00 per cent respectively. Overall perception of farm women regarding entrepreneurial development was found to be good in Tumkuru (38.40%) where as in Chikkaballapura it was in better category (38.80).
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Fan, Ruo Bing, and Xiao Ming Li. "Exploration on Traditional Courtyard Micro-Climate Characteristics and Improvement Method - Case Study of No. 6 Courtyard of Chang'anxue Alley in Xi'an Sanxuejie Historic District." Applied Mechanics and Materials 357-360 (August 2013): 1918–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.357-360.1918.
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Xian Sanxuejie district is a typical historic district of the city. Presently this type of traditional districts is surrounded by many modern buildings due to the rapid urban expansion. The historic districts are facing problems of poor courtyard micro-climate conditions and low living level, which has become the bottleneck of historic districts sustainable development. This paper studies thermal environment, luminous environment, solar environment and wind environment from a new perspective using Ecotect building environment analyzing software. The author explores micro-climate improving method suitable for traditional courtyard in order to promote micro-climate quality of historic district and to improve the comfort of local residences. The purpose is to achieve sustainable development of historic districts.
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Sk Ismaile and Namita Chakma. "Impact of Changing Administrative Boundaries on Development of Uttar and Dakshin Dinajpur Districts, West Bengal." Space and Culture, India 9, no. 1 (June 25, 2021): 97–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.20896/saci.v9i1.1111.
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Generally, new districts are formed to facilitate administrative expediency or ease of administrative connectivity in a much better way. Often it reduces the distance between the district headquarters and remote areas resulting in easy access to the district headquarters with investing less time and strain. Apparently, it becomes helpful to interact with the beneficiaries in implementing and monitoring the government schemes and programmes in the areas near the district headquarters and remote areas, which is essential for the overall development of a region. In the present study, a meso-level specific comparative analysis has been done at inter and intra district level on the basis of some selected socio-economic indicators (based on Census of India data sources) to understand the impact of reorganisation of the administrative boundaries on the development of Uttar and Dakshin Dinajpur, West Bengal, India.
Submitted: 31 October 2020; Revised:31 December 2020; Accepted: 8 April 2021
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Khan, Aisha. "Education Order in Punjab: A District Level Study." Pakistan Development Review 48, no. 4II (December 1, 2009): 635–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v48i4iipp.635-652.
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This paper attempts to evaluate the status of education in the current districts of Punjab and compare this with the status of education attainment in 1998. The tool used for assessment and comparison is the Education Index (EI) for the districts of Punjab. The Education Index is a composite index which is calculated using enrollment at different education levels and literacy rates. The main data sources used are the Population Census 1998, Punjab Development Statistics 1998 and the Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) 2008. Using data from these sources, robustness in the results is verified by comparing different weighting simulations of the EI. The EI results are found using the UNDP methodology and the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method. Both methodologies of calculation lead us to ascertain the robustness of the EI calculation using the data. This testing allows an important conclusion to emerge that the different weighting schemes does not largely affect the ranking of districts. Further, by comparing the results for both years, considerable development in education status is observed; however, an unexpected result also appears. The relative pattern of education status across Punjab has hardly altered in the last ten years even with the considerable progress that has been witnessed. This shows that an unchanging relative ranking of districts seems to exist unless significant endorsement of education takes place within the lowest ranked districts. JEL classification: I2, O1 Keywords: Education, Development, Developing Country
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Ahmad, Munir. "Agricultural Productivity Growth Differential in Punjab, Pakistan: A District-level Analysis." Pakistan Development Review 40, no. 1 (March 1, 2001): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v40i1pp.1-25.
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The results of this paper show that the crop output increased at the rate of 2.6 percent per annum, dominated by the share of TFP growth. Wide variation exists among cropping systems as well as within the system both in TFP growth and output growth. The mungbean zone emerged as a leader in TFP growth with 3.6 percent per annum, followed by barani (3.2 percent), cotton (1.9 percent), mixed (1.1 percent), and rice (1.0 percent) zones. Rice, mixed, and cotton zones show a negative trend in efficiency, and the respective causes appear to be the dominant factor of land degradation sourced by the existence of nutrient-exhaustive cropping pattern, increasing problem of waterlogging and salinity, and the use of brackish underground water, plus the prevalence of curl leaf virus disease in the cotton zone during the 1990s. The other reasons could be the low literacy rate among the farmers in most of the districts of the latter two cropping systems. Besides, the majority of them are also characterised as having very low status in development ranking. The data also show that the area under rice and sugarcane, a highly water-intensive crop, had increased in most of the districts of mixed and cotton zones, during the 1990s instrumented by high instability in cotton output growth as compared to rice and sugarcane. The sources of instability include high volatility in prices, vulnerability of the crop to disease and insect attack, consistently rising production cost, incapacity of the farming communities to deal with the dynamism of technology in cotton production, and increasing waterlogging and salinity problem.
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Bilyk, Alla. "THE ECONOMIC COMPONENT OF THE MECHANISM FOR ACTIVATION OF REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT." Proceedings of Scientific Works of Cherkasy State Technological University Series Economic Sciences, no. 67 (December 22, 2022): 32–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.24025/2306-4420.67.2022.278658.
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The article analyzes the views of various economists on the interpretation of the term "region". Based on the generalization of these definitions, the main accents for understanding the nature of the term "regional development" are determined. The main criteria of economic zoning are clarified and a systematic division of the territory of Ukraine into economic districts, each of which has certain features of production, social, demographic, historical, etc. character, is proposed. Economic zoning is proposed as follows: Donetsk economic district, Dnipro economic district, Eastern economic district, Central economic district, Podilsky economic district, Polisky economic district, Black Sea economic district, Carpathian economic district. We believe that it is possible to take this classification as a basis in view of the realities of wartime, damages from military aggression, the consequences of business relocation and international aid.
Factors that dominate the region and have a direct impact on the functioning of the region and ensuring further economic growth of the region are investigated and systematized. The grouping of factors is carried out on the basis of affiliation to state or regional levels, as well as the external factors of influence are identified separately. External factors include the following: global trends and tendencies, requirements of international organizations, development of science and innovations. The factors of state level include: administrative-territorial reform, tax and budgetary policy, policy of regulation of the financial sector, pricing regulation policy, foreign policy. The factors of regional level include: financial support, personnel support, organizational support, information and analytical support, financial support. The role of the state in regional development is clarified, in particular, it is stated that the state is a guarantor of national interests, implements regulatory and legal regulation and stimulates economic development. A mechanism for activating regional development, which is presented in the form of consistent stages, the implementation of which will contribute to the growth of economic indicators of the region, is developed. In the first stage, it is proposed to develop a methodology for assessing the level of economic development of the region. The second stage involves the study of economic potential of the region. In the third stage, it is advisable to manage the process of activating regional development.
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Geng, Liang, Xinyue Zhao, Yu An, Lingtong Peng, and Dan Ye. "Study on the Spatial Interaction between Urban Economic and Ecological Environment—A Case Study of Wuhan City." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 16 (August 14, 2022): 10022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191610022.
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In order to study the interactive relationship between urban economic and ecological environment, taking Wuhan as an example, Landsat and MODIS remote sensing satellite data and social and economic data were fused with multisource data, and multidimensional indicators were selected to construct the comprehensive evaluation index system of urban economic and ecological environment. The weights were determined by combining subjective and objective methods. Then, the decoupling elasticity coefficient method and spatial autocorrelation model were used to evaluate the dynamic relationship and spatial relationship between economic development and ecological environment in Wuhan from 2014 to 2020. The results showed that there was an interaction between the urban economic and the ecological environment in Wuhan. The ecological level index had a spatial effect, the adjustment of industrial structure had a positive effect on the improvement of the ecological level, and the improvement of the ecological level was also helpful to promote economic development. The typical districts of Huangpi District, Xinzhou District, Jiangxia District, Hannan District, Caidian District, and Hongshan District had superior location and ecological advantages, as well as high development potential. Lastly, on the basis of the empirical analysis results, policy suggestions are made from four aspects: regional differentiated construction, green development, energy consumption, and wetland construction.
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Paul, Biswajit. "Use of TOPSIS method based on Entropy weights for determining the disparities in the developmental pat-tern: A study of North Bengal region, West Bengal." ENSEMBLE 3, no. 1 (August 20, 2021): 32–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.37948/ensemble-2021-0301-a005.
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The concept of development is very dynamic, it varies over space and time. The reasons behind this variation or inequality in the development of any region may be natural or anthropogenic or combination of both. It is not reasonable to determine the level of development of any region with only one parameter because it depends on multiple criterion. Thus, making it a necessary consideration to understand the developmental pattern of any region. This paper aims to study the pattern of regional disparities in the districts of North Bengal (West Bengal) in terms of its development. A district level analysis is considered to achieve the aim using 27 selected parameters under three distinct categories namely economic, infrastructural and socio-demographic indicators. Entropy Method is applied to weigh the parameters and finally the districts are ranked according to the performance score obtained by applying the TOPSIS model. A significant inequalities are observed in terms of development between the districts. On the basis of selected parameters Jalpaiguri (CI score 0.703) and Darjeeling district (CI score 0.560) stands at the highest level of development among the six districts of North Bengal and the remaining four falls under the low level of development (below average CI score 0.385).
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Wu, Fengwen, Shiyu Qin, Chunyu Su, Mingyuan Chen, Qian Wang, and Qizeng Zhang. "Development of Evaluation Index Model for Activation and Promotion of Public Space in the Historic District Based on AHP/DEA." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2021 (December 11, 2021): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6590699.
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Historic districts represent an important characteristic of Beijing and are also a crucial carrier of Chinese historic culture. However, they are significantly affected by the rapid urban constructions. Thus, it is of great significance to maintain and promote the public space in historic districts. This paper uses a multisource data superposition method to select the evaluation index of public space. The AHP was also used to complete the single-level and total-level ranking and calculation of evaluation indexes. Finally, based on the DEA model, a vitality evaluation model of Beijing historic district public spaces was developed and its validity was verified through a case study of the Wanping historic district.
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Kredina, Anna A., Leila K. Mardenova, and Alexander A. Tsoy. "The Level of Development of the Socio-Economic Indicators of the Abay Region: Methods and Analysis." Eurasian Journal of Economic and Business Studies 2, no. 67 (June 30, 2023): 79–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.47703/ejebs.v2i67.286.
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This descriptive work is aimed at studying at the micro level the socio-demographic indicators of the Abay region of Kazakhstan. The literature review highlights the importance of population dynamics, education, health care and internal migration for sustainable development in the region and in the country. The study also uses the fuzzy set method for several aspects of the selected indicators. Secondary data for 2010-2020 are taken from an open source - the Bureau of National Statistics and were used to identify negative trends and contradictions. The results showed that over the past 10 years there are negative trends in the region in terms of indicators: a high level of emigration, a shortage of able-bodied population, an increase in the number of schoolchildren with a constant number of schools, and a negative trend in hospital organizations. Beskaragai and Borodulikha districts natural population growth decreased by 62 percent. The number of schools in the region has slightly decreased, while in Semey (23%), Kurchatov district (30%) and Ayagoz (1.54%) district there is an increase in school enrollment. In Abay and Kokpekty districts, there is a decrease in the number of schools enrollment (-10% and -16%). The number of hospital beds has decreased significantly in most districts (more than 30 percent in half of the districts). In general, this article contributes to a deeper understanding of the socio-demographic dynamics of the Abai region. The results obtained can be used in making political decisions related to population regulation and economic development in each region.
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Prompunjai, Pairoj, Theerawut Thammakun, and Thipphayarat Singthong. "Model Development for Reducing Sodium Consumption at the District Level Using a District Health Board Mechanism." Outbreak, Surveillance, Investigation & Response (OSIR) Journal 16, no. 1 (March 31, 2023): 22–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.59096/osir.v16i1.262035.
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High levels of dietary sodium are associated with hypertension and non-communicable diseases. We aimed to develop a model for reducing sodium consumption at the district level using a mechanism developed by the District Health Board (DHB). Hankha District in Chai Nat Province was selected as the study area. The study was conducted between June and December 2022. Research methods included the development of a model to reduce sodium consumption, questionnaires and focus group discussions, and measuring the amount of salt in food and blood pressure levels among study participants. The developed model comprised three measures; monitoring people’s sodium consumption; creating a mechanism for driving and managing the environment contributing to behavioral changes; and providing knowledge and promoting behaviors among groups at high risk for hypertension. After model development, the mean knowledge scores among DHB members and their skills in managing plans and projects were significantly higher than those before the process. Mean knowledge scores, health literacy and proper sodium consumption behaviors among at-risk groups were also higher. In addition, the increased knowledge scores significantly correlated with proper sodium consumption behaviors. Our results should encourage authorities at the policy level to apply a DHB mechanism to reduce sodium consumption in communities.
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Ramesh, Venu B.N, Umesh K.B, and Jagannath Olekar. "Disparities in socio-economic development: A district level analysis in Karnataka." International Journal of Agriculture, Environment and Biotechnology 9, no. 6 (2016): 995. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2230-732x.2016.00127.3.
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Kumar, Virender. "Development Disparities in Himachal Pradesh, 1991-2001: A District Level Analysis." Artha Vijnana: Journal of The Gokhale Institute of Politics and Economics 49, no. 1 (March 1, 2007): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.21648/arthavij/2007/v49/i1/115443.
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