Books on the topic 'Distant speech'
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1
Woelfel, Matthias. Distant speech recognition. Chichester, West Sussex, U.K: Wiley, 2009.
2
Eldridge, Larry D. A distant heritage: The growth of free speech in early America. New York: New York University Press, 1994.
3
Smoothey, Marion. Time, distance, and speed. New York: Marshall Cavendish, 1993.
4
Smoothey, Marion. Time, distance, and speed. New York: Marshall Cavendish, 1993.
5
Humphreys, D. Russell. Starlight and time: Solving the puzzle of distant starlight in a young universe. Green Forest, AR: Master Books, 1994.
6
Speed, Charles S. Call of a distant drum: The Speeds, the Crittendons, and the New Land. Arlington, VA (2000 South Eads St., Arlington 22202): C.S. Speed, 1986.
7
Ram, A. Ranjith. Video Analysis and Repackaging for Distance Education. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012.
8
Hunt, M. J. Distance measures for speech recognition =: Les distances spectrales pour la reconnaissance de la parole. Ottawa: National Research Council Canada, 1989.
9
Brunner-Jass, Renata. Field of play: Measuring distance, rate, and time. Chicago, IL: Norwood House Press, 2013.
10
DIMED 86 (1986 Algarve, Portugal). DIMED 86: Discurso dos media e ensino a distância = discours des médias et enseignement à distance = media speech and distance teaching : actas do colóquio, Algarve 10-15 março de 1986. Lisboa: Ministério da Educação e Cultura, Instituto Português de Ensino a Distância, 1986.
11
Miller, Carol. Project to develop a distance - learning course for teachers of children with speech and language disorders: Finalreport to the Department of Education and Science. Birmingham: School of Education, University of Birmingham, 1991.
12
Volmar, Axel, and Kyle Stine, eds. Media Infrastructures and the Politics of Digital Time. NL Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789463727426.
Abstract:
In a crucial sense, all machines are time machines. The essays in Media Infrastructures and the Politics of Digital Time develop the central concept of hardwired temporalities to consider how technical networks hardwire and rewire patterns of time. Digital media introduce new temporal patterns in their features of instant communication, synchronous collaboration, intricate time management, and continually improved speed. They construct temporal infrastructures that affect the rhythms of lived experience and shape social relations and practices of cooperation. Interdisciplinary in method and international in scope, the volume draws together insights from media and communication studies, cultural studies, and science and technology studies while staging an important encounter between two distinct approaches to the temporal patterning of media infrastructures, a North American strain emphasizing the social and cultural experiences of lived time and a European tradition, prominent especially in Germany, focusing on technological time and time-critical processes.
13
John, Shaw. John Shaw's closeups in nature. New York: AMPHOTO, 1987.
14
McDonough, John, and Matthias Woelfel. Distant Speech Recognition. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2009.
15
McDonough, John, and Matthias Christ Woelfel. Distant Speech Recognition. Wiley & Sons, Limited, John, 2009.
16
McDonough, John, and Matthias Woelfel. Distant Speech Recognition. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2009.
17
Eldridge, Larry. Distant Heritage: The Growth of Free Speech in Early America. New York University Press, 2012.
18
Eldridge, Larry D. A Distant Heritage: The Growth of Free Speech in Early America. New York University Press, 1995.
19
Potter, Simon J. Wireless Internationalism and Distant Listening. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198800231.001.0001.
Abstract:
During the 1920s and 1930s radio was transnational in its reach and appeal, attracting distant listeners and encouraging hopes that broadcasting would foster international understanding and world peace. As a new medium, radio broadcasting transmitted speech, music, news, and a range of exotic and authentic sounds across borders to reach audiences in other countries. In Europe radio was regulated through international consultation and cooperation to restrict interference between stations and to unleash the medium’s full potential to carry programmes to global audiences. A distinctive form of ‘wireless internationalism’ emerged, reflecting and reinforcing the broader internationalist movement and establishing structures and approaches which endured into the Second World War, the Cold War, and beyond. Distant listeners, meanwhile, used new technologies and skills to overcome unwanted noise, tune in as many stations as possible, and comprehend and enjoy what they heard. The BBC and other international broadcasters sought to produce tailor-made programmes for audiences overseas, encouraging feedback from listeners and using it to inform production decisions. The book revises our understanding of early British and global broadcasting, and of the BBC Empire Service (the precursor to today’s World Service), and shows how government influence shaped early BBC international broadcasting in English, Arabic, Spanish, and Portuguese. It also explores the wider European and global context, demonstrating how fascism in Italy and Germany, the Spanish Civil War, and the Japanese invasion of China, combined to overturn the utopianism of the 1920s and usher in a new era of wireless nationalism.
20
Gauker, Christopher. Inner Speech as the Internalization of Outer Speech. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198796640.003.0003.
Abstract:
This chapter aims to clear a path for the thesis that inner speech, in the very languages we speak, is the sole medium of all conceptual thought. First, it is argued that inner speech should not be identified with the auditory imagery of speech. Since they are distinct, there may be many more episodes of inner speech than those that are accompanied by auditory imagery. Second, it is argued that it is not necessary to conceive of linguistic communication as a matter of the speaker’s revealing through words an underlying thought. Rather, acts of speech may be conceived as producing cooperation by intervening on processes of thought that are essentially imagistic. So conceived, the practice of speaking in language may acquire a function wholly internal to the individual, where it adds a layer of coordination to an underlying foundation of imagistic cognition.
21
Goodey, C. F., and M. Lynn Rose. Disability History and Greco-Roman Antiquity. Edited by Michael Rembis, Catherine Kudlick, and Kim E. Nielsen. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190234959.013.3.
Abstract:
To obtain a historical perspective on disability, we need to know what questions people of the past asked about each other and thus how they grouped human types. This effort involves removing the carapace of modern forms of classification and avoiding their imposition on the primary sources of an era so distant from our own (“retrospective diagnosis”). At least three major forms are identifiable: (1) the post-Cartesian divide between mind and body; (2) the tightening of forms of human categorization in general since the late Middle Ages; and (3) the thoroughly modern divide between the scientific/medical and the social. Human disparities and putative disabilities, ranging widely from the ancient era to the start of the Middle Ages and including the body, the senses, cognition, speech, social behavior, and sexual make-up, are discussed. These may or may not correspond with modern categorizations.
22
Richardson, John. Between Speech, Music, and Sound. Edited by Yael Kaduri. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199841547.013.47.
Abstract:
This chapter discusses the growing tendency toward aestheticization of the spoken voice in cinema. It provides a taxonomy of different means of speech aestheticization, including poetic speech; accelerated and decelerated speech; wordy or dialogue-heavy soundtracks; heightened voice and dialogue in literary adaptations; fetishization of the voice; technologically manipulated speech; aesthetically marked speech resulting from distinct physical or psychological attributes; comic timing as musicality in speech; and interaction of voices with environmental sounds or aestheticized non-diegetic sounds. Undoubtedly, this phenomenon is bound up with proliferation of digital technologies, which means that previous inaudible sounds can be perceived with increased clarity and sonic manipulation is accomplished with little effort. Occupying a liminal zone between speech and song, flowing speech in cinema is suspended in the middle stage of what Rick Altman calls “audio dissolve,” where the actor in a musical inflects her speech aesthetically while transitioning into song and dance.
23
Riley, Jonathan. Freedom of Speech. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228637.013.234.
Abstract:
John Stuart Mill is a liberal icon, widely praised in particular for his stirring defense of freedom of speech. A neo-Millian theory of free speech is outlined and contrasted in important respects with what Frederick Schauer calls “the free speech ideology” that surrounds the First Amendment of the U.S. Constitution, and with Schauer’s own “pre-legal” theory of free speech. Mill cannot reasonably be interpreted to defend free speech absolutism if speech is understood broadly to include all expressive conduct. Rather, he is best interpreted as defending an expedient policy of laissez-faire with exceptions, where four types of expression are distinguished, three of which (labeled Types B, C, and D) are public or other-regarding, whereas the fourth (labeled Type A) is private or self-regarding. Types C and D expression are unjust and ought to be suppressed by law and public stigma. They deserve no protection from coercive interference: they are justified exceptions to the policy of letting speakers alone. Consistently with this, a moral right to freedom of speech gives absolute protection to Type B public expression, which is “almost” self-regarding. Type A private expression also receives absolute protection, but it is truly self-regarding conduct and therefore covered by the moral right of absolute self-regarding liberty identified by Mill in On Liberty. There is no need for a distinct right of freedom of expression with respect to self-regarding speech. Strictly speaking, then, an expedient laissez-faire policy for public expression leaves the full protection of freedom of private expression to the right of self-regarding liberty.An important application of the neo-Millian theory relates to an unjust form of hate speech that may be described as group libel. By creating, or threatening to create, a social atmosphere in which a targeted group is forced to live with a maliciously false public identity of criminality or subhumanity, such a group libel creates, or significantly risks creating, social conditions in which all individuals associated with the group must give up their liberties of self-regarding conduct and of Type B expression to avoid conflict with prejudiced and belligerent members of society, even though the libel itself does not directly threaten any assignable individual with harm or accuse him or her of any wrongdoing of his or her own. This Millian perspective bolsters arguments such as those offered by Jeremy Waldron for suppressing group libels. America is an outlier among advanced civil societies with respect to the regulation of such unjust hate speech, and its “free speech ideology” ought to be suitably reformed so that group libels are prevented or punished as immoral and unconstitutional.
24
Hallett, Judith P. Oratorum Romanarum Fragmenta Liberae Rei Publicae. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198788201.003.0019.
Abstract:
This chapter explores the boundaries of female public speech at Rome through an analysis of a letter, preserved by Nepos, which was sent to the tribune Gaius Gracchus by his mother Cornelia. It argues that Cornelia’s words should be studied alongside fragments of spoken oratory because of the intertextual relations between this fragment and the attested oratory of both her father Scipio Africanus and her son Gaius Gracchus and because of its characteristics as a contribution to a political debate. In addition, the probable oral circumstances of the letter’s composition and its use of oratorical sound effects further decrease the distance between it and the fragmentary remains of Republican speeches.
25
Swiney, Lauren. Activity, Agency, and Inner Speech Pathology. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198796640.003.0013.
Abstract:
Over the last thirty years the comparator hypothesis has emerged as a prominent account of inner speech pathology. This chapter discusses a number of cognitive accounts broadly derived from this approach, highlighting the existence of two importantly distinct notions of inner speech in the literature; one as a prediction in the absence of sensory input, the other as an act with sensory consequences that are themselves predicted. Under earlier frameworks in which inner speech is described in the context of classic models of motor control, I argue that these two notions may be compatible, providing two routes to inner speech pathology. Under more recent accounts grounded in the architecture of Bayesian predictive processing, I argue that “active inference” approaches to action generation pose serious challenges to the plausibility of the latter notion of inner speech, while providing the former notion with rich explanatory possibilities for inner speech pathology.
26
Chaudhuri, Subhasis, and A. Ranjith Ram. Video Analysis and Repackaging for Distance Education. Springer New York, 2014.
27
Rosenkvist, Henrik. Null subjects and Distinct Agreement in Modern Germanic. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198815853.003.0012.
Abstract:
A number of modern Germanic vernaculars (non-standard languages and dialects) allow first and second person null subjects (NSs), but not third person. In this chapter, the person asymmetry, and the relation between these NSs and agreement on finite verbs (and subordinators) are discussed. It is argued that it is not necessary to assume a specific Speech Act-feature in order to explain why third person NSs are disallowed. The crucial factor is instead assumed to be Distinct Agreement, i.e. the agreeing element must (uniquely) express the same φ-features and values for these features as the corresponding overt pronoun in order to allow an NS, including not only number and person, but also—crucially—gender.
28
Maros, Marlyna, and Azianura Hani Shaari. Cultural values in Malay speech acts. UUM Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.32890/9789672210986.
Abstract:
How do members of the new generation praise each other? Do they still adhere to the communication strategies prescribed in their traditional cultural values or modernization has played a role in initiating changes in peoples linguistic behavior?The book addresses the changes in the cultural values that have emerged in the speech acts of compliments and compliment responses of native speakers of Malay in Malaysia. In the field of sociolinguistics, the discussion provides insights into the current practices of the Malay speech acts and linguistic identity among the speakers, especially after 60 years of Malaysias independence. The rapid developments in technology and cyber communication have contributed to linguistic innovation and changes in language use to a certain extent, hence calling for a look at its impact on Malay cultural values.Through empirical evidence, the book attempts to elucidate the emerging norms that indicate changes in the cultural values of the new Malays. Our arguments are supported by the theories related to how utterances are analysed linguistically, taking into consideration the social factors, such as power, social distance, social status of the interlocutors and weight age of the imposition on the speech acts.This book is written to bring you closer to the members of the new generation, by providing insights into their strategies of communication. Specifically, it is written to uncover and understand the norms and values of the Malays of the 21st century.
29
VanCour, Shawn. Making Radio Talk. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190497118.003.0006.
Abstract:
This chapter considers emerging forms of radio speech developed for formats ranging from scheduled talks to professional announcing. Disrupting established styles of public speaking, radio offered rich subject matter for the new discipline of speech communication, which helped to formalize new rules favoring a well-modulated delivery with restrained, natural speech and careful control over rate, pitch, and enunciation. Three larger sets of cultural tensions impacted these emerging announcing practices: (1) tensions surrounding a standardized national speech movement and its implicit regional, gender, and class biases; (2) concerns over an emergent culture of personality that informed debates on desired degrees of formality and informality in radio speech; and (3) long-standing concerns over disembodied communication-at-a-distance exacerbated by radio’s severing of voices from speakers' physical bodies. Resulting efforts to discipline the radio voice spurred important shifts in period voice culture that resonated across fields from rhetoric and theater to film and phonograph entertainment.
30
Bianchi, Claudia. Perspectives and Slurs. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198791492.003.0011.
Abstract:
In discussing figurative speech, Lepore and Stone argue that metaphorical interpretation involves a process of perspective taking: metaphor invites us to organize our thinking about something through an analogical correspondence with something it is not. According to them, the same applies to slurs: some words come with an invitation to take a certain perspective, and uses of slurs are associated with ways of thinking about their targets that can harm people. My aim is to critically evaluate such a proposal, within a speech-acts framework. In the recent literature on hate speech, utterances containing slurs are conceived as speech acts in two distinct senses: 1. as perlocutionary acts that cause harm to their targets; 2. as illocutionary acts that constitute harm towards their targets. I will claim that Lepore and Stone’s proposal can be understood both in perlocutionary and illocutionary terms, and argue in favor of an illocutionary approach.
31
Kars, Aydogan. Unsaying God. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190942458.001.0001.
Abstract:
What cannot be said about God, and how can we speak about God by negating what we say? Traveling across prominent negators, denialists, ineffectualists, paradoxographers, naysayers, ignorance-pretenders, unknowers, I-don’t-knowers, and taciturns, Unsaying God explores the negative theological movements that flourished in the first seven centuries of Islam. It shows that there were multiple and often competing strategies for self-negating speech in the vast field of theology. By focusing on Arabic and Persian textual sources, the book defines four distinct yet interconnected paths of negative speech formations on the nature of God that circulated in medieval Islamic world. Expanding its scope to Jewish intellectuals, Unsaying God also demonstrates that religious boundaries were easily transgressed as scholars from diverse sectarian or religious backgrounds could adopt similar paths of negative speech on God. This is the first book-length study of negative theology in Islam. As an introductory work, it aims to encompass vast fields of scholarship and diverse intellectual schools and figures, in order to tell the story of negative theology and apophaticism and to become a stepping-stone for further research in the field. It is an encompassing book, accessible to a wide audience while addressing the advanced reader of religion who wants to learn about the diverse ways in which God has been unsaid for centuries.
32
Cohn, Neil, and Joost Schilperoord. A Multimodal Language Faculty. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781350404861.
Abstract:
Language has traditionally been held as an “amodal” system that flows into different forms like speech, writing, or signing; however, communication is multimodal by nature. We pair speech with gestures, use emoji with text, and combine writing with drawings and images in places from doodles to comics to advertising. Yet, the linguistic and cognitive theories maintaining the traditional amodal notion of language cannot account for the richness of this multimodal communication. What is needed is a new, multimodal paradigm of language. This book presents a model of a multimodal language faculty which heralds a re-organization of the structures of language and their guiding assumptions. It shows that the primary human expressive behaviors – speaking, signing, drawing–may seem distinct, but actually decompose into similar cognitive building blocks, which coalesce into a multifaceted multimodal communicative system. The result is an account of human cognition where all communication – whether speech, gesture, graphics, and their multimodal interactions – arises as emergent activation states out of a singular cognitive architecture. The architecture put forward provides a 'grand unified theory' of language and communication, accounting for the insights of traditional linguistic formalizations, conceptual semantics, gesture studies, Peircean semiotics, visual language theory, and both unimodal and multimodal lexicons, all integrated into a single model. This overall approach directly confronts the traditional notions of language that have stood for at least two centuries with a new paradigm of acknowledging the multimodal nature of human communication, forcing us to reimagine what language is and how it works.
33
Vigdor, Steven E. Expansion Everlasting. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198814825.003.0005.
Abstract:
Chapter 5 presents experiments illuminating the cosmological evolution of the universe and its energy budget, accounting for its longevity. The observations establishing the Hubble’s Law linear relationship between intergalactic distances and recession speeds, and their interpretation in terms of the expansion of cosmic space, are reviewed. The evidence for big bang cosmology from nucleosynthesis and the cosmic microwave background (CMB) is presented. The measurements that establish the ongoing acceleration of the cosmic expansion are reviewed: distant supernova recession speeds, tiny CMB anisotropies, baryon acoustic oscillations, and gravitational lensing. Excellent model fits to these data, assuming general relativity, cold dark matter, and a cosmological constant, lead to precise determinations of both the age of the universe and the energy budget of the universe. The cosmic history of the expansion rate and the energy budget are inferred, along with the remarkable flatness of cosmic space within the observable portion of the universe.
34
McCready, Elin. The Semantics and Pragmatics of Honorification. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198821366.001.0001.
Abstract:
This book provides an approach to the semantics and pragmatics of honorifics and expressions with honorific import, treating them as carrying expressive content which contributes either directly or indirectly to a register corresponding to the current formality of the speech situation. This system is given empirical application to a wide range of honorific expressions including utterance and argument honorifics in Japanese, Thai and several other languages, and it is proposed that languages use distinct strategies for honorification which has implications for the grammaticality of certain combinations of honorifics; on the theoretical side, philosophical connections are drawn to a wider range of issues in theory of the construction of social reality, social meaning, and the expression of gender.
35
Randall, David. The Classic Origins of Conversation. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474430104.003.0002.
Abstract:
In antiquity, the Greeks and Romans linked together several concepts whose history we will trace throughout this narrative. These were familiarity, its sometimes-tense analogue friendship, the friend’s doppelgänger, the flatterer, and conversation, the mode of speech inquiring after truth that articulated both familiar style and friendship. All these concepts found expression not only in conversation but also in the letter, the written analogue of conversation. The Romans in particular also began to emphasize during their Silver Age the concept of conversatio, the mutual conduct of mankind. This last concept stood at some intellectual distance from the constellation formed around familiarity, friendship, and conversation, but from the beginning it possessed conceptual associations that would allow it to be linked with them more tightly in ensuing centuries.
36
Speech & Debate Road Trip Log Book. Road Trip Log Book Eat Sleep Speech and Debate Repeat Motivational Gift ACE062d Funny : Speech and Debate Gifts for Boyfriend: A Journal to Keep Record of Date, Traveling with, Weather Conditions, from/to, Distance, Travel Time, Traffic ... Experiences - Gift. Independently Published, 2022.
37
Morava, Eva, and Mirian C. H. Janssen. Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199972135.003.0063.
Abstract:
Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDGs) are usually diagnosed during infancy or childhood with severe multisystem disorder and neurologic presentation. With the increasing number of surviving adult patients, recognition of the distinct adult phenotype and awareness of the diagnostic difficulties in adulthood is essential. Patients with O-glycosylation defects or with abnormal dolichol synthesis might present first in adulthood. The majority of cases with adult CDG have a neurologic disease with intellectual disability, ataxia, speech disorder, visual disturbance, and skeletal findings. Psychological abnormalities are also common. Thrombotic complications and endocrine dysfunction might persist to adulthood. MPI-CDG, the only treatable form of CDG, might progress to chronic liver failure. Genetic testing is recommended in suspected cases, since transferrin screening analysis can be normal in adults, even in N-linked glycosylation disorders.
38
Burrow, Colin. Classical Influences. Edited by Jonathan Post. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199607747.013.0001.
Abstract:
This chapter provides a narrative account of Shakespeare’s schooling in classical literature and the range of classical texts that influenced his poetry. It traces not just the evolution of Shakespeare’s relationship to classical writing, but the differing ways in which both the poems and the plays alert their readers to their classical sources. ‘Classical’ moments can be tagged as distinct from the surrounding works by the use of archaisms or neologisms (as in the speech on the death of Priam in Hamlet) or by a range of other lexical and theatrical framing devices. It is argued that Shakespeare’s use of these effects, which could be regarded as virtual quotation marks around many of his allusions to classical works, contributed in the longer term to his undeserved reputation as a playwright who lacked classical knowledge.
39
Bi, Xiaojun, Brian Smith, Tom Ouyang, and Shumin Zhai. Soft Keyboard Performance Optimization. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198799603.003.0006.
Abstract:
Optimization techniques have played a vital role in improving the performance (i.e., input speed and accuracy) of soft keyboards. This chapter introduces the challenges, methodologies, and results of keyboard performance optimization. Leveraging the robust human motor control phenomena manifested in text entry, we used the Metropolis random walk algorithm, and Pareto multi-objective optimization method to optimize the keyboard layout and a soft keyboard decoder. The optimization led to layouts that shorten finger travel distance and improve the input speed as well as accuracy over the Qwerty layout, and a soft keyboard decoder with improved correction and completion ability.
40
Mikkola, Mari. Pornography. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190640064.001.0001.
Abstract:
Everyday and philosophical debates concerning pornography are fraught with many difficult questions. These include: What is pornography? What does pornography do (if anything at all)? Is the consumption of pornography a harmless private matter, or does pornography violate women’s civil rights? What, if anything, should legally be done about pornography? Can there be feminist pornography? Answering these questions is complicated by confusion over the conceptual and political commitments of different anti- and pro-pornography positions, and whether these positions are even in tension with one another: different people understand the concept of pornography differently and easily end up talking past one another. This book provides an opinionated and accessible introduction to contemporary philosophical debates on pornography, which will be conducted from a feminist perspective. The book’s starting point is morally neutral, and it provides a comprehensive discussion of various philosophical positions on pornography that are found in ethics, aesthetics, feminist philosophy, political philosophy, epistemology, and social ontology. Topics include: whether pornography subordinates and silences women; free speech versus hate speech; whether pornography produces a distinct kind of knowledge; whether it objectifies and if so, in what sense; how should we think about the aesthetics of pornography; what difference do nonheteronormative, female-friendly and/or queer pornography make to philosophical debates. The book clarifies different stances in the debate, thus helping readers to understand what is at stake in philosophical examinations of pornography. In so doing, it also offers readers important methodological insights about doing philosophical work on something so this-worldly as pornography.
41
Wright, Tom F. Britain as Prophecy. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190496791.003.0005.
Abstract:
Chapter 4 explores the idea of the “choreography of reform” in performances by the Horace Mann and Horace Greeley. Upon returning from a tour of Britain in 1845, Mann felt compelled to tell his fellow Americans about the failings of the English education system. Five years later, Greeley returned from the 1851 Great Exhibition, proclaiming that he had witnessed the future. They toured the United States over the course of the next decade performing pieces that cast them as seers and oracles, using British futurity as a means of imagining starkly distinct national futures for the republic. In doing so, they transformed their findings into elaborate oratorical tours de force that reveal the blending of social science and sentiment in lecture hall reform rhetoric. This chapter uses their performances to show how transatlantic reformers transitioned not only between print and public speech, but also between strikingly different discourses and registers.
42
Scott, Michael. Religious Assertion. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198806967.003.0012.
Abstract:
According to a standard theory of religious language, it should be taken at face value. Opposition to this face-value approach has tended to offer radical alternatives, for instance, that indicative religious utterances are not assertions but express a different speech act, or that religious utterances do not communicate beliefs in what is said. This chapter brings together this debate with contemporary constitutive norm theories of assertion. The chapter defends a novel ‘moderate’ theory of religious affirmation that rejects both the face-value and opposition approaches. It argues that religious affirmations are normatively distinct from assertions, and it argues that a theory of religious affirmation should not undermine either the face-value representational content or belief-reporting role of indicative religious utterances. The moderate theory shows how it is possible to do justice to the distinctiveness of religious discourse while staying faithful to the evidence about how speakers use religious language.
43
Omissi, Adrastos. Dismembering the House of Valentinian. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198824824.003.0009.
Abstract:
This chapter begins by exploring the accession of the emperor Theodosius and then events of the period 378‒9. Recognizing deficiencies and inconsistencies within the various, later, historical accounts of this episode that we possess from (mostly) Eastern sources, the chapter examines the gratiarum actio of Ausonius and the total silence that this speech maintains on the subject of Theodosius, demonstrating that Theodosius in fact seized imperial power in the year 378. The chapter then examines the usurpation of Magnus Maximus and Theodosius’ response to it, carefully constructing a narrative of Maximus’ progressive advance through Collectio Avellana 39 and 40 and Ambrose, Epistula 30[24]. Finally, the chapters considers the war between Maximus and Theodosius in 388, and explores how Pacatus’ Pan. Lat. II can shed light upon the way in which Theodosius sought to distance himself from association with Maximus after the latter’s death.
44
Galvin, Rachel. Wallace Stevens in a “Sudden Time”. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190623920.003.0005.
Abstract:
Although Wallace Stevens’s work is often read as hermetic and aestheticizing in a time of radical politics, examining its formal properties shows that responding to the news of World War II was integral to Stevens’s poetics. His poetry conveys an abiding belief in the epistemological value of soldiers’ witnessing war in the flesh. How, then, can a civilian with no immediate experience of war press back against violence through a poem, as Stevens wrote? Contradictions, obstacles, and silences turn back upon themselves in Stevens’s wartime poems through rhetoric that indicates figures of relation and reflects on its own process of bridging distance. This chapter contends that, for Stevens, a civilian war poem must be self-reflexive to be ethical. It must dramatize its process; it must be responsive to current events and contemporary speech; and it must involve its readers in recognizing that the imagination’s relation to reality is mediated by war.
45
Olsen, Dale A. Conclusion. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252037887.003.0015.
Abstract:
This chapter summarizes the points of the book and synthesizes many of the attitudes, concepts, and events seen in flutelore. It addresses the question: What is singularly distinct or unique about flutes, flute playing, and flute players in a world context? The first and perhaps foremost reason why flutes are powerful is the direct use of the musician's breath to produce a sound, and breath is the source of life itself, as told to us by many storytellers from many cultures across time. The second reason why flutes are powerful is that whistle sounds are aural characteristics or phenomena not found in normal human speech, song, or chant discourses. The third reason why flutes have power is the pleasing quality of the “beautiful” melodies produced on them. A fourth reason why flutes have power is that they seem to provide a simple but important mythological bond among people, animals, and spirits throughout the world.
46
Chodat, Robert. Puzzles, Pawnshops, and Improvisation. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190682156.003.0005.
Abstract:
In his 2010 memoir Little Did I Know, Stanley Cavell challenges two misleading pictures prevalent in analytic philosophy. One suggests that human behavior could be fully explained and predicted, much in the way that a picture puzzle has only a single solution. A second suggests that the unpredictability of human actions means that they are wholly random, unaccountable, even irrational. In both the form and content of the memoir, Cavell suggests a different view: that our speech and lives are always poised between the purposeful and the accidental, and that genuine action is improvisatory. Such a standpoint is markedly different from that of certain well-known philosophical associates of Cavell—Quine, Derrida—who have also ventured to compose autobiographies. Little Did I Know, however, also highlights the philosopher’s distance from the social, economic, technological, and cultural changes that have marked the last few decades of American life. It thus risks shielding itself from the full range of “accidents” that mark a human life today.
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Kimball, Charles. The War on Terror and Its Effects on American Muslims. Edited by Jane I. Smith and Yvonne Yazbeck Haddad. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199862634.013.018.
Abstract:
This chapter presents an overview of both the negative and positive effects on American Muslims since the declaration of the post 9/11 “war on terror.” Negative effects are examined in conjunction with the USA Patriot Act and increased US government surveillance programs aimed at Muslims as well as the distinct manifestations of the growing dread or fear of Islam and Muslims known as “Islamophobia.” Several organizations regularly monitor and provide current information documenting hate speech and hate crimes directed at Muslims, including those involving the Ground Zero Mosque and other controversies. The chapter concludes with numerous constructive responses to the negative images and stereotypes fueled by extremists claiming inspiration from Islam. In addition to structured forms of interfaith dialogue and cooperation, such as “A Common Word,” American Muslims have pursued multiple forms of educational initiatives ranging from presentations in churches and public statements denouncing violence to the publication of books and articles.
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de Bakker, Matthieu. Authorial Comments in Thucydides. Edited by Sara Forsdyke, Edith Foster, and Ryan Balot. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199340385.013.30.
Abstract:
This chapter argues that authorial comments are an important tool of Thucydides’ historiographical strategy. As the comments interrelate with the longer authorial essays, the surrounding narrative parts of the Histories, and the speeches of its actors, they guide the reader in interpreting rich, complex text. Authorial comments are typically found at the opening of episodes or at the introduction of characters, and thus often create a frame for evaluating subsequent passages. When comments are asides, they may concern topics distant from Thucydides’ focus, like divination and early Greek legend. Although pushed to the fringes of his work, these topics display significant relations to contemporary events. Finally, the frequency of authorial comments increases in Book 8, the narrative of which points to a growing fragmentation of the Hellenic world, and needs more authorial guidance to remain understandable.
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The Long distance competition debate: A collection of public comments and speeches by key participants in Canada's second major debate on the merits or otherwise of introducing competition into the long distance voice telecommunications market. Manotick, Ont: Donald J. Cruickshank Associates, 1989.
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Walton, Andrew, William Abel, Elizabeth Kahn, and Tom Parr. Introducing Political Philosophy. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hepl/9780198783275.001.0001.
Abstract:
Should the state permit euthanasia? Should it prohibit recreational drug use? Should it ban hate speech? Should it grant members of minority groups exemptions from otherwise universal laws? When, if ever, should it intervene in the affairs of other states to prevent human rights abuses? All of these questions have been prominent in political debate over the last fifty years, and there remains plenty of dispute about them at the start of the 2020s. Political arguments about public policy are an apt subject of philosophical analysis—or, in other words, they present a prime opportunity to do some political philosophy. This book provides an introduction to political philosophy by theorizing about public policy. Each of the chapters draws on the tools of political philosophy to explore a distinct area of public policy. Each case identifies some of the moral threads that run through the public policy debate; explains the philosophical positions taken by the various sides; introduces the academic literature that supports these positions; and examines the strengths and weaknesses of the competing views.