Relevant bibliographies by topics / Dissolution of Municipal Councils

Academic literature on the topic 'Dissolution of Municipal Councils'

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Published: 9 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Dissolution of Municipal Councils"

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Occhiuzzi, Filomena. "The Dissolution of Municipal Councils due to Organized Crime Infiltration." European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 5, no. 2 (May 31, 2019): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejis-2019.v5i2-284.

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: The paper proposal is focused on the evolution of a specific legal instrument, which consists of the Central government’s power to “dissolve” municipal councils in the case of infiltrations by organized crime. In Italian administrative legislation, local councils may be dissolved for several reasons such as the ongoing violation of the law and the neglect of duty, but one of the most debated causes is the interference and the pressure that organized crime may exercise on the members of municipal councils. This specific administrative law instrument is defined in art. 143 T.U.E.L. and is part of a series of public anti-mafia policies. It was introduced in 1991 as an emergency law to cope with the risk of maladministration due to local authorities’ subjugation to criminal power (Mete, 2009). The aim of the dissolution of local councils is to preserve constitutional and fundamental values such as democracy and the rule of law, but it is a very severe legal tool as it affects a democratically elected community. This instrument is also closely related to the prevention of corruption in the public sector, as often the infiltrations by organized crime in municipalities are due to the corruption of public officials. The institution in charge of applying this legal tool is the Prefect, which has the power to enforce the orders of the central government and oversees local authorities. The procedure for the adoption of this instrument involves the major constitutional bodies such as the Parliament, the Ministry of Interior and the President of the Republic.
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Occhiuzzi, Filomena. "The Dissolution of Municipal Councils due to Organized Crime Infiltration." European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 5, no. 2 (May 31, 2019): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejis.v5i2.p45-53.

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: The paper proposal is focused on the evolution of a specific legal instrument, which consists of the Central government’s power to “dissolve” municipal councils in the case of infiltrations by organized crime. In Italian administrative legislation, local councils may be dissolved for several reasons such as the ongoing violation of the law and the neglect of duty, but one of the most debated causes is the interference and the pressure that organized crime may exercise on the members of municipal councils. This specific administrative law instrument is defined in art. 143 T.U.E.L. and is part of a series of public anti-mafia policies. It was introduced in 1991 as an emergency law to cope with the risk of maladministration due to local authorities’ subjugation to criminal power (Mete, 2009). The aim of the dissolution of local councils is to preserve constitutional and fundamental values such as democracy and the rule of law, but it is a very severe legal tool as it affects a democratically elected community. This instrument is also closely related to the prevention of corruption in the public sector, as often the infiltrations by organized crime in municipalities are due to the corruption of public officials. The institution in charge of applying this legal tool is the Prefect, which has the power to enforce the orders of the central government and oversees local authorities. The procedure for the adoption of this instrument involves the major constitutional bodies such as the Parliament, the Ministry of Interior and the President of the Republic.
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Bronstein, Victoria, and Daryl Glaser. "Intervention in South African municipalities: Dangers and remedies." South African Law Journal 140, no. 1 (2023): 95–125. http://dx.doi.org/10.47348/salj/v140/i1a5.

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South Africa’s Constitution guarantees municipal autonomy; at the same time it enjoins the different elements of the state to co-ordinate their efforts through ‘co-operative government’ and, in conjunction with legislation, it under some circumstances permits (or even requires) provincial and national government to intervene in local government affairs to secure effective government and oversight. These powers of intervention, justified by reference to s 139 of the Constitution, range from disciplining errant councillors to the forced dissolution of non-performing municipalities. Some welcome such intervention as a counterweight to local-level corruption and inefficiency, but in a partisan environment, especially where different spheres are controlled by different parties or coalitions accountable to distinctive electorates, these powers of intervention are, we argue, open to political abuse. This abuse is likely to become more prevalent as unstable local coalition governments become more common, providing more pretexts for intervention and opportunities for councillors in political minorities to subvert their own councils in the hope of inviting intervention by higher-tier actors associated with their own party. In line with the 2021 Constitutional Court case censuring the dissolution of Tshwane Municipality by the Gauteng government, we argue for restricting grounds for intervention, especially more radical forms of intervention. As far as possible, the task of removing corrupt and inefficient local councils and councillors should be left to local voters.
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Chamberlain, Lisa, and Thato Masiangoako. "Third time lucky? Provincial intervention in the Makana Local Municipality." South African Law Journal 138, no. 2 (2021): 425–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.47348/salj/v138/i2a7.

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South African local government is plagued by financial mismanagement and poor governance, resulting in widespread failure to realize socio-economic rights. One of the key mechanisms envisaged by the Constitution to address municipalities in crisis is provincial intervention in terms of s 139. However, although this mechanism is frequently used, its results have been underwhelming. This article discusses a recent case in which the Eastern Cape High Court, Grahamstown ordered the dissolution of the Makana Municipal Council as part of a provincial intervention. The article unpacks the law governing s 139 interventions and, drawing on the Makana example, questions the efficacy of provincial interventions. Further, a number of factors are identified which must be taken into consideration in order to maximise the chances that a provincial intervention might succeed. These include whether mandatory or discretionary intervention is appropriate; when the dissolution of a municipal council is an appropriate component of an intervention; the relationship between provincial intervention, stable governance and political influence; and the timing, funding and institutional arrangements of an intervention. The article concludes by highlighting the important role that community activism can play in catalysing intervention, but draws attention to the fact that such action can be dangerous for the activists involved.
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Wyse, Akintola J. G. "The dissolution of Freetown City Council in 1926: a negative example of political apprenticeship in colonial Sierra Leone." Africa 57, no. 4 (October 1987): 422–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1159892.

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Opening ParagraphFreetown City Council, established in 1893, was the victim of a colonial government which concentrated authority in white hands and resented the survival of a municipality run by Africans. Successive governors regularly presented it as a scapegoat, along with the whole Krio community, for disturbances in Freetown, notably the 1919 anti-Syrian riots and the 1926 railway strike. In 1925 financial malpractices in the council were disclosed and some officials were prosecuted. The following year the Mayor, Cornelius May, editor of the leading newspaper, the Sierra Leone Weekly News, and a highly respected public figure, was charged with conspiracy to defraud, along with the Town Clerk and the City Treasurer, and was given a nine-month prison sentence. Then, on the recommendation of a Commission of Inquiry, the City Council was dissolved and replaced by a Municipal Board.
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Nelson, Kimberly L., Gerald T. Gabris, and Trenton J. Davis. "What Makes Municipal Councils Effective?" State and Local Government Review 43, no. 3 (November 2, 2011): 196–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0160323x11424913.

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Ammar Youssef Muhammad Shamayleh, Ammar Youssef Muhammad Shamayleh. "The most important problems facing municipal councils and the methods of solving them: أهم المشكلات التي تواجه المجالس البلدية والوسائل الكفيلة بحلها." مجلة العلوم الإقتصادية و الإدارية و القانونية 6, no. 6 (February 28, 2022): 165–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.26389/ajsrp.r280921.

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This study aimed at demonstrating the most important problems facing municipal councils and the methods of solving them by using the analytical descriptive approach through which the researcher addressed the most important problems facing municipal councils and the methods of solving them، such as rehabilitating the human resources in municipalities and activating surveillance over the municipal councils to enhance their relationship with citizens. The results revealed that some municipalities suffer from a lack in financial resources which، in turn، results in a delay in providing service to citizens as required، in addition to the municipal councils' need for trained and qualified staff، who receive training for the newest methods. The study concluded with a number of recommendations، as follows: The municipal councils have to increase their financial resources by getting their due funding from citizens and activate the role of collectors in obtaining taxes and fees. And Rehabilitating the human staff in municipalities and promoting the level of employees in municipalities. Enhancing the relationship between municipalities and local citizens through popular dialogue and giving citizens the opportunity to participate in the activities of the municipal councils. Enhancing the developmental role by establishing developmental projects that benefit municipalities and local community.
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Kubiak, Michał. "Gminne rady seniorów z perspektywy lokalnej polityki senioralnej." Wrocławskie Studia Politologiczne 25 (October 31, 2018): 101–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/1643-0328.25.7.

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Municipal senior citizens councils from the local senior policy perspectiveThe article provides an analysis regarding the creation, organization and functioning of the municipal senior citizens councils in Poland — especially in Pomorskie province. The municipal senior councils are comparatively new entities and are heading towards higher degree elderly people participation in self-government decisions. Thanks to the possibilities for activation elderly people, they hope and will expect to have more influence to meet their needs.
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Ofiarska, Małgorzata. "MUNICIPAL COUNCILS’ AUTONOMY IN DETERMINING MUNICIPAL WASTE MANAGEMENT FEES." Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu, no. 485 (2017): 308–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.15611/pn.2017.485.24.

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Mishev, Svetoslav. "General Administrative Acts of Municipal Councils." De Jure 13, no. 1 (June 27, 2022): 128–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.54664/gary6879.

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General administrative acts are among the acts through which a municipal council implements its competence as a body of local self-government. Like all general administrative acts, they are characterized by a single legal effect and by an indefinite range of addressees. Due to their nature as legal acts, all general administrative acts are subject to judicial challenge.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Dissolution of Municipal Councils"

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Cheng, Wai-pang Tony, and 鄭偉鵬. "Dissolution of the Municipal Councils: a policy window perspective." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31966482.

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Cheng, Wai-pang Tony. "Dissolution of the Municipal Councils : a policy window perspective /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk:8888/cgi-bin/hkuto%5Ftoc%5Fpdf?B2329467x.

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Cheung, Kin-chung. "The politics of decentralization and re-centralization in Hong Kong : a case study of the dissolution of Municipal Councils /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B24872763.

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OCCHIUZZI, FILOMENA. "LO SCIOGLIMENTO DEI CONSIGLI COMUNALI PER INFILTRAZIONI E CONDIZIONAMENTO DI TIPO MAFIOSO. PROBLEMI E PROSPETTIVE." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/741356.

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The topic of this thesis is the dissolution of Italian Municipal Councils due to organized crime infiltration. It was introduced into Italian legislation in 1991 as a specific legal remedy, following serious episodes of subjugation of local councils to the pressure and interests of mafia organizations. The first section of the thesis will analyse the topic from a developmental perspective, placing it in its historical legal context. The law is currently laid down in Art. 143 d.lgs. n. 267/2000 “Consolidated Law on the organization of local authorities” and was established to preserve fundamental values and constitutional principles such as public order and security, legality, good performance and impartiality of public administration. The procedure leads to the dissolution of the Municipal Council and has a profound effect on local democracy. Since its introduction in 1991, its interpretation and application has been controversial. The thesis will therefore analyze the debate about its constitutional legitimacy and legal framework by exploring juridical opinions and the constitutional and administrative caselaw on the subject. It also examines the typical causes leading up to the disbanding of Municipal Councils. The law is also aimed at administrative prevention, operating within the supervisory system for local authorities in order to preserve best practices in public administration. The thesis will explore the legal framework of the administrative prevention of corruption from the perspective of anti-mafia strategy, given that methods of corruption are frequently used by the mafia as a means of infiltrating local councils. The next section deals with the post-dissolution phase, particularly the management of the Special Commissions that replace local councils: there are many impediments to the successful and lasting impact of their work, such as the inadequate legal instruments at their disposal, as well as the complexity of the dissolved administrations. A crucial aspect of the thesis involves the way that organized crime has moved its operations outside traditional territories. In recent years, this has led to a radical increase in the number of local authorities being disbanded in the central and northern areas of Italy. The thesis will analyse these changes from a diachronic and territorial perspective. Overall, the thesis argues that the current debate on the legislative proposals about the revision of Art. 143 suggests that the law is still adequate but a more successful and definitive solution to the problem of mafia infiltration in local administration can only involve a much more profound cultural evolution of Italian society.
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Sweeney, Irene Elizabeth. "The municipal administration of Glasgow, 1833-1912 : public service and the Scottish civic identity." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1990. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=25315.

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The Municipal administration of Glasgow, 1833-1912, examines the evolution of civic government in Scotland's major industrial city during a period of unprecedented urban development. The thesis is centred on the contribution of town councillors in determining a distinctly Scottish municipal identity, and the extent to which social, economic and political influences helped shape prevailing attitudes towards the public service. Biographical sources have been used to construct a collective profile of the 577 representatives who served on Glasgow Town Council during this time. However, attention is also focused on the municipal bureaucracy, especially the role of the Town Clerks. The 1833 Burgh Reform Act redefined the civic entity of Glasgow, and removed the traditional burgess basis of authcirity. Yet it was not until 1846 that the Council was able to overcome numerous legal obstacles and extend its sphere of operations. Thereafter, municipal policy was directed towards a programme of city improvenent, beginning with the spectacularly successful Loch Katrine water supply in 1855. The quality of urban life was a major civic preoccupation, and the importance of issues such as temperance reflected the concern of many councillors to present a more positive image for Glasgow. The notion of "civic pride" took firm root during the 1850s, and the following decades represented a period of steady consolidation. During this time the Council expended considerable energy in attempting to extend the municipal boundaries, particularly as many outlying areas already benefited from Glasgow's public utilities. After several false starts, success was achieved in 1891, and the municipality underwent extensive administrative restructuring. Yet by the 1900s, the rise of Labour and the spectre of "municipal socialism" had called Glasgow's civic priorities into question. Despite the controversy, there was no significant reversal of the Council's long-held expansionist strategy, and territorial additions in 1912 enlarged the city substantially.
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Ataman, Sevket Emek. "Interest Representation In Local Politics: The Case Of Municipal Councils." Master's thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12605471/index.pdf.

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It is widely argued that in liberal democracies, demands and interests of different social groups are defended by their representatives in the decision making bodies. The municipal councils can be seen one such channel at the local level. The aim of this thesis is to explore the municipal councils with reference to their power, representation channels, and the weight of different groups in it. The profiles of the local councilors in reference to their education, ethnicity, sex, and class properties are investigated. In order to explore the above concepts a case study in Denizli Municipality is carried out. Questionnaires and deep interviews with municipal council members and municipal stuff are made.
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陸慧冰 and Wai-bing Wanda Luk. "Abolition of the Municipal Councils: an examination to the policy making process." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31966925.

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Luk, Wai-bing Wanda. "Abolition of the Municipal Councils : an examination to the policy making process /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25138741.

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Madumo, Onkgopotse Senatla. "An evaluation of the functioning of metropolitan municipal councils in Gauteng South Africa." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/65497.

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The study examines the functioning of municipal councils in ensuring the provision of services to communities in a sustainable manner. Municipalities are at the coalface of service delivery, which is why they are significant in improving the quality of lives of the communities under which they serve. The study is significant as municipalities in the recent past experienced different forms of civil disobedience which could arguably be attributed on the lack of capability by municipalities to respond adequately to the delivery needs for services from communities. Thus, the research stems from the fact that municipalities are charged with the responsibility of providing services to communities in a sustainable manner as mandated by Section 152(1)(b) of the Constitution, 1996. Hence, the failure to deliver will impact the community, especially the indigent, to an extent that the quality of their lives will degenerate. This research investigates the role and functions of municipal councils in making decisions that would have an effect on the provision of services in municipalities in South Africa. Thus, the study has three objectives: • to establish the role that the municipal council plays in ensuring effective and efficient service delivery plans; • to determine the extent to which the municipal council influences the implementation of decisions for effective administration of the delivery of services; and • to develop a framework that enhances the decision-making capability of the municipal council. The research investigates the role of the municipal council in establishing its effect on the administration of a municipality. Thus, this research will answer two research questions: • What role do municipal councils play in ensuring effective and efficient service delivery plans or integrated development plans? To what extent are municipal councils significant role players in terms of influencing the implementation of decisions required for the administration of the delivery of services by municipal officials? The success of a municipality depends on the quality of the decisions made by the municipal council and the administrative capacity of the officials carrying out tasks as mandated by the municipal council. Hence it is argued that the effectiveness of the municipal administration depends on the effectiveness of the municipal council. Through the proposed decisionmaking framework, the coordination of policies and directives that will result in effective and efficient administration in a municipality is simplified. The study employed a qualitative research method, a case study research design and adopted inductive reasoning, i.e. generation of theory, interpretivism, and constructionism as the dispositions of the research. Both primary and secondary sources for data collection are used. In terms of collecting data through the primary sources, non-participant observation will be applied in order to draw conclusions from observing and listening to the activities taking place in municipal council meetings. Secondary sources that are utilised refer to the documented research conducted by previous researchers, i.e. census, Integrated Development Plans, Auditor-General report and studies conducted by municipalities and other stakeholders. Thus, the study makes a contribution to the body of knowledge by proposing a decision formula and a logical framework that is aimed at enhancing the decision-making process of metropolitan municipal councils.
Thesis (DAdmin)--University of Pretoria, 2017.
School of Public Management and Administration (SPMA)
DAdmin
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Chakraborty, Liton. "Electoral Success in Swedish Municipal Councils: The Role of Occupation and Politicians’ Characteristics." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Nationalekonomiska institutionen, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-178126.

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This paper examines to what extent political candidates’ characteristics listed on the ballot affect election outcomes in municipal councils in Sweden. We exploit data on candidates’ name, age, sex, occupation, party affiliation, and candidates’ position listed on the ballots for 3757 elected candidates of 59 municipalities. The data on 19 September 2010 elections to municipal councils in Sweden has been considered in this paper. A probit regression approach has been employed for identifying occupational effects whereas the main outcome variable is binary, namely whether a candidate is elected by preference votes threshold or not. Candidates with occupations such as mayor, political official, parliament member, farmer, head, entrepreneur and teacher are found to have electoral advantage. In contrast, salesman, retired, student, pensioner, and assistant are found less likely to be person selected. The results remain robust in case of occupations related to political incumbency such as political officials, mayor and parliament member even if demographic effects (gender and age), ballot position effects, party effects and municipality effects are added into regression analysis. The same results also hold regarding the alternative outcome variable, personal vote share. Male candidates are found to have electoral advantage over female candidates. The findings also suggest that there are higher chances to be person selected if a candidate’s name is listed within top three ballot positions. Finally, statistically significant and negative effects are found for the left-wing candidates with occupations such as retired, student, ombudsman, graduate, and businessman. On the other hand, candidates with occupations such as salesman, engineer, graduate, administrator, manager, driver, economist, consultant, self-employed, and lawyer have electoral disadvantage being placed on right-wing party list. However, mayor and political officials from both groups of parties always have electoral advantage. To sum up, our findings support the hypothesis that occupations play a significant role in the elections to municipal councils in Sweden. The findings of the study have implications for our understanding of voting behavior in low-information elections in Sweden.
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Books on the topic "Dissolution of Municipal Councils"

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Lanka, Sri. Municipal councils ordinance. Colombo: Govt. Publications Bureau, 1987.

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Nelson, Kimberly L. Elected municipal councils. Washington, D.C: International City/County Management Association, 2002.

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Town of Granum dissolution study. Edmonton, Alberta: Alberta Municipal Affairs, 2001.

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Village of Alliance: Dissolution study. Edmonton, Alta: Alberta Municipal Affairs, 2008.

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Affairs, Alberta Alberta Municipal. Village of Kinuso: Dissolution study. Edmonton], Alta: Alberta Municipal Affairs, 2009.

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Village of Heisler: Dissolution study. [Edmonton]: Alberta Municipal Affairs, 2008.

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Affairs, Alberta Alberta Municipal. Village of Hughenden: Dissolution study. Edmonton], Alta: Alberta Municipal Affairs, 2005.

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Village of Thorhild: Dissolution study. [Edmonton]: Alberta Municipal Affairs, 2009.

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Alberta. Alberta Municipal Affairs and Housing. Village of Caroline dissolution study. Edmonton], Alta: Alberta Municipal Affairs and Housing, 2007.

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Village of Nampa: Dissolution study. [Edmonton]: Alberta Municipal Affairs, 2008.

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Book chapters on the topic "Dissolution of Municipal Councils"

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Denters, Bas, and Pieter-Jan Klok. "A new role for municipal councils in Dutch local democracy?" In Reforming Local Government in Europe, 65–84. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-11258-7_4.

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de Bercegol, Rémi. "From Local to Regional Challenges, the Political Profile of the Small Towns’ Municipal Councils." In Exploring Urban Change in South Asia, 85–131. New Delhi: Springer India, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2764-9_3.

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Schönleitner, Günther. "Can Public Deliberation Democratise State Action?: Municipal Health Councils and Local Democracy in Brazil." In Politicising Democracy, 75–106. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230502802_4.

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Alomar, Mohamad-Amin, Mohammad Al Saleh, David Aubin, and Stéphane Moyson. "The Conditions of Social Learning in Formal Deliberative Settings: A Study of Municipal Councils in Brussels." In Participatory and Digital Democracy at the Local Level, 177–92. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-20943-7_11.

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Mateos Royo, José Antonio. "Municipal politics and corporate protectionism: town councils and guilds in the kingdom of Aragon during the 16th and 17th centuries." In Comparative Rural History of the North Sea Area, 178–97. Turnhout: Brepols Publishers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/m.corn-eb.3.304.

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Zaremberg, Gisela. "“We’re Either Burned or Frozen Out”: Society and Party Systems in Latin American Municipal Development Councils (Nicaragua, Venezuela, Mexico, and Brazil)." In New Institutions for Participatory Democracy in Latin America, 21–51. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137270580_2.

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Dawson, William Harbutt. "Constitution of Town Councils." In Municipal Life and Government in Germany, 58–80. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429058486-3.

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Smol, Marzena. "Phosphorus extraction and sludge dissolution." In Industrial and Municipal Sludge, 657–77. Elsevier, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-815907-1.00028-3.

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Christensen, Dag Arne, Bjarte Folkestad, and Jacob Aars. "Nasjonale partier og lokale lister i kommunestyrevalgene 2015 og 2019." In Lokalvalget 2019, 63–85. Cappelen Damm Akademisk/NOASP, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23865/noasp.134.ch3.

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The term local party systems suggests that party systems not only vary between municipalities, but that the systems also have a local dimension. This chapter is concerned with the balance between national parties and the local lists in municipal council elections in Norway. We also examine whether municipal amalgamation reform has changed the balance between these types of parties. Our analyses show that the correspondence between the party system in the parliament (“Stortinget”) and in the municipal councils is strong in Norwegian municipalities. One consequence of the municipal reform is that constituencies have become larger (on average), and more representatives are being elected to the municipal councils. By comparing merged and non-merged municipalities over two elections, we find that the reform has contributed to greater party diversity in the municipal councils. This applies both to the supply of lists that stand for election and the number of lists that are represented in the municipal councils. The municipal reform, on the other hand, does not seem to have contributed to greater party diversity in the form of more or fewer local lists.
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Myerson, Roger B. "Comments on Decentralization in Cameroon." In The Oxford Handbook of the Economy of Cameroon, 385–92. Oxford University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780192848529.013.22.

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Abstract Decentralization can be a driving force for development, democracy, and better government in Cameroon; but the recent decentralization reform seems unlikely to achieve its promise without some further reforms. It is suggested that the system for popular election of municipal councils should be changed to an open-list proportional representation system. Where higher officials of municipal and regional governments are indirectly elected by municipal councillors, the municipal councillors should also have power to recall and replace these officials. The powers of the centrally appointed prefects and governors should be limited to monitoring and advising their municipal and regional councils.
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Conference papers on the topic "Dissolution of Municipal Councils"

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Prener, Jan. "Významy stability lokálních politických elit a možnosti jejího hodnocení." In XXV. mezinárodní kolokvium o regionálních vědách. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p280-0068-2022-56.

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Electoral behavior and thus the stability of municipal councils were determined by political and economic aspects of social transformation, including organizational irrationality in the early 1990s in Czechia. Given these facts and the growing polarization of space, it turns out that there are a number of small "non-viable" municipalities in the Czechia, which also show specific – high or low – values of stability of local political elites (municipal councils) and relatively unfavorable social, economic, demographic and other parameters. For these reasons, the ambition of the presented text is to reveal, through quantitative analysis, territorial differentiation of the stability of local political elites and selected factors, that either individually or in context, influenced changes in the staff of municipal councils in 1994–2018 in the Czechia.
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Maria Silva, Eliete, and IsÍs Caroline Umbelino. "Municipal Health Councils of Campinas-SP and its health workers." In XXIII Congresso de Iniciação Científica da Unicamp. Campinas - SP, Brazil: Galoá, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.19146/pibic-2015-38160.

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HULÍNSKÝ, Lukáš. "Salaries of elected officials as municipal budget expenditure." In Current Trends in Public Sector Research. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p210-9646-2020-4.

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Remuneration of politicians is a relevant social issue that is worth to research. Salaries of local representatives in the Czech Republic are set by law and their size is in case of municipalities derived by municipal population. At the same time municipal councils are free to choose, how many elected officials will serve full time and get paid for that service and how many will keep their proper jobs or entrepreneurships and serve only part time and get quite symbolic remuneration. This choice may result in substantial differences in total related budget expenditure in otherwise similar municipalities. The purpose of the paper is to describe the system of local elected officials’ remuneration and its evolution since 2010 and to analyse municipal expenditure on elected officials’ remuneration in Czech towns with 10 to 50 thousand inhabitants between 2010 to 2018. A key part of the research is the collection of data from local government budgets, their processing and construction of appropriate indicators. Subsequently, these indicators will be analysed through the basic statistical methods resulting in comparison of the selected municipalities.
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Zdražil, Pavel. "Dynamika vývoje politiky zvýšeného koeficientu daně z nemovitých věcí v ČR." In XXV. mezinárodní kolokvium o regionálních vědách. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p280-0068-2022-49.

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The aim of the contribution is to assess the development dynamics and spatial context of the implementation of the increased local real estate tax coefficient policy in the municipalities of Czechia. Based on the period of 2009-2021, an analysis is carried out at the level of all municipalities. It is based on the methods of aggregation and comparison. The late builds-up on the evaluation of the development of statistical characteristics, growth and ratio indices and also spatial distribution over time. The analysis shows that the possibility of increasing income through the real estate tax coefficient is utilized by more and more municipalities. Moreover, the phases of taxation increase correlate with the cycles of elections to municipal councils. From a spatial point of view, it the policy of increasing the property tax is mostly implemented by the north-western border of Czechia and in the vicinity of the largest centres – Prague, Brno and Ostrava. Furthermore, it is also used in important recreational areas and by municipalities that have large buildings sites in their land register (power plants, mining constructions, etc.). Hence, it seems the policy of higher taxation is driven by the effort to burden entities producing significant negative externalities.
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Reports on the topic "Dissolution of Municipal Councils"

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Avnimelech, Yoram, Richard C. Stehouwer, and Jon Chorover. Use of Composted Waste Materials for Enhanced Ca Migration and Exchange in Sodic Soils and Acidic Minespoils. United States Department of Agriculture, June 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2001.7575291.bard.

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Restoration of degraded lands and the development of beneficial uses for waste products are important challenges facing our society. In addition there is a need to find useful and environmentally friendly applications for the organic fractions of municipal and other solid waste. Recent studies have shown that composted wastes combined with gypsum or gypsum-containing flue gas desulfurization by-products enhance restoration of sodic soils and acidic minespoils. The mechanism by which this synergistic effect occurs in systems at opposite pH extremes appears to involve enhanced Ca migration and exchange. Our original research objectives were to (1) identify and quantify the active compost components involved in Ca transport, (2) determine the relative affinity of the compost components for Ca and competing metals in the two soil/spoil systems, (3) determine the efficacy of the compost components in Ca transport to subjacent soil and subsequent exchange with native soil cations, and (4) assess the impacts of compost enhanced Ca transport on soil properties and plant growth. Acidic mine spoils: During the course of the project the focus for objective (1) and (2) shifted more towards developing and evaluating methods to appropriately quantify Ca2+ and Al3+ binding to compost derived dissolved organic matter (DOM). It could be shown that calcium complexation by sewage sludge compost derived DOM did not significantly change during the composting process. A method for studying Al3+ binding to DOM was successfully developed and should allow future insight into DOM-Al3+ interactions in general. Laboratory column experiments as well as greenhouse experiments showed that in very acidic mine spoil material mineral dissolution controls solution Al3+ concentration as opposed to exchange with Ca2+. Therefore compost appeared to have no effect on Al3+ and Ca2+ mobility and did not affect subsoil acidity. Sodic alkaline soils: Batch experiments with Na+ saturated cation exchange resins as a model for sodic soils showed that compost home cations exchanged readily with Na+. Unlike filtered compost extracts, unfiltered compost suspensions also significantly increased Ca2+ release from CaCO3. Soil lysimeter experiments demonstrated a clear impact of compost on structural improvement in sodic alkaline soils. Young compost had faster, clearer and longer lasting effects on soil physical and chemical properties than mature compost. Even after 2 growing seasons differences could still be observed. Compost increased Ca2+ concentration in soil solution and solubility of pedogenic CaCO3 that is highly insoluble under alkaline conditions. The solubilized Ca2+ efficiently exchanged Na+ in the compost treated soils and thus greatly improved the soil structure.
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