Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Dissociation'
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Halvorsen, Laura A. "Understanding Peritraumatic Dissociation: Evolution-Prepared Dissociation, Tonic Immobility, and Clinical Dissociation." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1394801460.
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Reycraft, Jacqueline J. "A Collective Case Study of the Diagnosis of Dissociative Disorders in Children." Scholar Commons, 2013. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4754.
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There is a paucity of research on the diagnosis of dissociative disorders in children. Most children are misdiagnosed with more common mental disorders with similar symptoms. Earlier recognition of dissociative disorders can save years of pain, suffering, and cost. This qualitative collective case study examined the process of diagnosing dissociation in two children under the ages of 12 at the beginning of treatment. A concurrent focus on the training and development of the therapist/researcher is included. Archival data including progress notes, psychotherapy notes, assessments, correspondence, legal documents, school records, and medical records were analyzed using within-case and cross-case analyses to identify individual and common themes that may expedite the diagnosis of dissociative disorders in children. The narrative presentation of a qualitative study with its thick, rich description may increase the understanding of clinicians with little or no experience and help them to differentiate these disorders from other disorders with overlapping symptoms. Factors that impeded and advanced the recognition of dissociative disorders were identified. Clinical findings underscore the role of knowledge and training, experience, and consultation in the diagnosis of dissociative disorders.
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Dillon, Jacqueline Monte McGlynn F. Dudley. "Defining dissociation based on the factor structures of three instruments." Auburn, Ala, 2008. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/EtdRoot/2008/FALL/Psychology/Dissertation/Dillon_Jacqueline_11.pdf.
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Leonard, Tricia C. "A psychometric investigation of the "Symptom relief checklist for dissociative disorders" underlying factor structure, reliability and validity /." Akron, OH : University of Akron, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=akron1195500263.
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Dissertation (Ph. D.)--University of Akron, Dept. of Counselor Education and Supervision, 2007."December, 2007." Title from electronic dissertation title page (viewed 03/19/2008) Advisor, Sandra Perosa; Committee members, Linda Perosa, Pat Parr, Fred H. Ziegler, Suzanne MacDonald; Department Chair, Karin Jordan; Interim Dean of the College, Cynthia Capers; Dean of the Graduate School, George R. Newkome. Includes bibliographical references.
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Yoon, Sung Hwan. "STUDIES OF ION DISSOCIATION KINETICS AND MECHANISMS BY SURFACE-INDUCED DISSOCIATION AND INFRARED MULTI-PHOTON DISSOCIATION/SOFT-LANDING." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195256.
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This dissertation presents dissociation mechanism and dissociation kinetics studies of gas-phase ions using mass spectrometry (MS). Dissociation of a gas-phase ion is related to its fundamental properties such as composition and structure. However, the detailed processes, internal energy deposition during ion activation as well as the mechanism of dissociation, are not fully known. In the present work, ion structural studies from which mechanisms can be inferred were performed using infrared multiphoton dissociation (IRMPD) spectroscopy, soft-landing, IR spectroscopy, and quantum chemical calculations. Kinetics studies involved instrument modification to add surface-induced dissociation (SID) capability and peak shape analysis. Structural studies were performed to determine dissociation mechanisms. The b₂⁺ ion from AGG is an oxazolone structure as indicated by the IRMPD spectrum and quantum chemical calculations. Protonated 4-ethoxymethylene-2-phenyl-2-oxazolin-5- one is also an oxazolone-type structure, while protonated cyclo-AG is a diketopiperazine structure. Soft-landing experiments were carried out to corroborate IRMPD results. Soft-landed protonated cyclo-AG and protonated 4-ethoxymethylene-2-phenyl-2- oxazolin-5-one underwent neutralization and retained their structures. The soft-landed b₂⁺ ion of AGG showed evidence of ring opening and conversion into a linear structure. The modified matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometers with SID capability were used to study fast dissociation kinetics (sub-microsecond dissociation). Silicon nanoparticle assisted laser desorption/ionization (SPALDI) allows the study of small molecule dissociation kinetics for ions without the matrix interference observed in MALDI. Well characterized systems, such as, N(CH₃)₄⁺, N(CD₃)₄⁺, and substituted benzylpyridinium ions were used to confirm reliability of the peak shape analysis. Obtained dissociation rates, of submicrosecond order, are consistent with the known dissociation theories. Dissociation of fullerenes, C₆₀ and C₇₀, was also investigated with the SID method using a fluorocarbon self-assembled monolayer (FSAM) surface. Fullerene ions produced C(2n)⁺ fragments ion in the kinetic energy range of 150-300 eV. At higher than 400 eV, mass spectra showed additional small fragment ions composed of odd numbers of C units. Energy resolved MS/MS curves support parallel dissociation at high SID energies while peak shape analysis explains sequential dissociation at about 150 eV range. Instrument modification of a MALDI-TOF mass spectrometer with SID capability allowed successful studies of fast unimolecular dissociation kinetics of small ions and fullerenes.
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Brothwell, Sarah. "Voices, abuse and dissociation." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.327251.
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Farrington, Alice. "Dissociation and adolescent psychopathology." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.326578.
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Daya, Aarti. "Dissociation and mental health." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2016. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/87973/.
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This thesis consists of three papers: a literature review, an empirical paper and a reflective paper. The systematic literature review examines the role of dissociation within eating disorders. Thirty-four articles meeting the inclusion criteria were identified through database searches and manual searches. The findings of these articles were reviewed and critically appraised. The evidence reviewed indicates that dissociation in people with an eating disorder diagnosis may have a number of roles. Individuals with an eating disorder diagnosis may use dissociation as a means of managing certain affective states and dissociation may also act as a means of separating oneself from eating disorder symptomatology. In addition, dissociation may play a role in the development of eating disorders in individuals who have also experienced trauma. Methodological limitations, clinical implications and future research recommendations are considered. There is a need for staff in eating disorder services to be aware of dissociation and to use or develop interventions which take this into consideration. Further research, using a wider variety of methodologies, is needed, in particular to further elucidate the relationship of dissociation to eating disorder symptomatology. The empirical paper is a qualitative exploration of the lived experience of dissociation in individuals with a diagnosis of psychotic disorders. Five participants were interviewed using semi-structured interviews. The transcripts of interviews were analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. One super-ordinate theme emerged from the analysis. ‘Emotional impact of unsafe uncertainty’ describes the emotions evoked by dissociative experiences and the uncertainty that surrounds exploration of these experiences for participants. Themes are discussed and considered in relation to clinical implications. Further research is needed to more carefully consider the role of dissociation within psychotic disorders. Finally, the reflective paper discusses the author’s experience of the process of research and exploring experiences of dissociation in individuals with a diagnosis of psychotic disorders. This paper utilises an Acceptance and Commitment Therapy approach to support personal reflection and reflexivity.
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Newberry, Michelle T. "An exploration of the trauma histories, dissociative experiences and psychopathic features of murderers." Thesis, Brunel University, 2008. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/11436.
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Background: Differential relationships of the dimensions of psychopathy with external factors indicate that psychopathy can be conceptualised as a multifaceted syndrome comprised of distinct subgroups of psychopaths (Blackburn, 1988). However, it is not known whether similar subtypes of psychopathy exist across cultures. The research question which this thesis sought to answer was: Do subtypes of psychopathy exist among murderers, and if so, might the prevalence of these subtypes differ across cultures? Three aims were addressed: i) to compare the trauma histories, dissociative experiences and psychopathic features of British and South African men convicted of murder and the associations among them; ii) to test potential aetiological models of psychopathy; and iii) to explore whether subtypes of psychopathy could be identified among men convicted of murder. Method: Participants were 120 adult male prisoners serving sentences for murder. Sixty participants were British and incarcerated in prisons in England and 60 participants were South African and incarcerated in South Africa. Trauma, dissociation and psychopathy were measured using the Trauma History Questionnaire (THQ; Green, 1996), the Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES; Carlson & Putnam, 1993) and the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised Second Edition (PCL-R; Hare, 2003a), respectively. Results: South African participants reported significantly more traumatic and dissociative experiences and possessed more psychopathic features than their British counterparts. Structural equation modelling (SEM) analyses of the entire sample revealed that trauma was positively and directly related to the behavioural features of psychopathy, whereas trauma was positively and indirectly related to the affective features of psychopathy via the partial mediating role of dissociation, suggesting that subtypes of psychopathy may exist among murderers. In addition, cluster analyses identified subtypes of psychopathy, two of which parallel variants of primary and secondary psychopathy described in the literature. Conclusions: Dissociation may mediate the relationship between trauma and psychopathy among individuals who have experienced high levels of trauma, suggesting that there may be a threshold or a ‘cut-off’ level at which witnessing or experiencing trauma becomes detrimental for one’s psychological health. The prevalence of certain subtypes of psychopathy may differ across cultures. Findings have theoretical implications as well as implications for the treatment and risk assessment of offenders.
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Skolimowska, Ewelina Szymanska. "Dissociative electron attachment and dipolar dissociation processes in organic molecules found in the interstellar medium." Thesis, Open University, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.606955.
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In this thesis, the results of a series of experimental studies of electron induced anion formation are presented for a number of molecular targets. The motivation of this work was the discovery of anions in interstellar space and in planetary atmospheres raising the question of how such species are formed. Molecular anions are commonly formed by electron impact via the Dissociative Electron Attachment (DEA) and Dipolar Dissociation (DD) with the simultaneous formation of neutral often reactive species (in case of DEA) and cationic fragments (in case of DD). These fragments may then undergo reactions leading to the chemical synthesis of larger stable products. Thus electron induced chemistry may provide a hitherto unexplored route of molecular synthesis and aid in our understanding of the role of anions in interstellar and atmospheric chemistry. .
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Guangliang, Chen. "The Dissociation of Metalloporphyrin Anions." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/32517.
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ESI-MS spectra of Ni(II), Co(III), Mg(III), and Fe(II) porphyrin solutions in methanol show porphyrin monomer species with different charge states, such as [Ni(II)TPPS+H]3-, [Co(III)TPPS]3-, [Mn(III)TPPS]3-, [Mn(III)TPPS+H]2-, [Fe(II)TPPS+H]3-, and [Fe(II)TPPS+2H]2- ions. Collision-induced dissociation (CID) of these monomer species produced primarily losses of neutral SO3 and SO2. The mechanisms, in which these dissociation pathways took place, were investigated by the means of DFT calculations of the corresponding dissociation of neutral and ionized benzenesulfonate (B3-LYP/6-31+G(2d, p) level) and porphyrin monomer (B3-LYP/6-31+G(2d, p)+LANL2DZ//PM7 level). RRKM fitting of the CID breakdown curves showed that the activation energies of the reactions that experience a loss of SO2 from [Co(III)TPPS]3- and [Mn(III)TPPS]3- were similar, but of a lower magnitude than those for a loss of SO3. On the other hand, for [Ni(II)TPPS+H]3- and [Fe(II)TPPS+2H]2-, the activation energies of the reaction leading to a loss of SO2 were also similar, but this time were larger than those leading to SO3 loss. These results are consistent with a mechanism by which the SO2 loss starts with -C6H4SO3-, while the SO3 loss has to begin with -C6H4SO3H. To lose this SO3, extra energy is required for [Co(III)TPPS]3- and [Mn(III)TPPS]3- in order for them to overcome the barrier of H transfer from the porphyrin ring to -SO3-, but this is irrelevant when it comes to [Ni(II)TPPS+H]3- and [Fe(II)TPPS+2H]2- since the C6H4SO3H moiety already exists. In addition, the reaction of [Fe(II)TPPS+H]3- losing H leads to a unique dissociation mechanism.
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Higgon, John. "Attachment, dissociation and social support." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/26604.
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Whilst transient dissociative states are commonplace in the face of overwhelming traumatic events, long-standing dissociative phenomena are also frequently reported in adults who have childhood histories of severe sexual or physical abuse. Dissociation itself may take a number of forms, including isolation, adsorption, fragmentation and memory disturbance: the relative importance of environmental and personality variables in determining an individual's "style" of dissociation is unclear, although there is good evidence for a cumulative effect, such that dissociation in the face of trauma is most frequent in individuals who have also suffered childhood abuse. Bowlby's attachment theory may help to explain the relationship between social support, dissociative phenomena and traumatic events in childhood and adulthood. Attachment theory is a theory of affect regulation which proposes that individuals make use of social and cognitive strategies in their attempts to manage negative affect. These strategies are thought to be selected on the basis of an individual's childhood experiences with caregivers and are maintained through the operation of relatively stable "internal working models". Social support is widely cited as a protective factor mitigating against the development of psychopathology following exposure to trauma, but it is unclear whether social support directly protects against the effects of trauma, or whether both perceived social support and adaptation to trauma reflect underlying attachment patterns, as suggested by attachment theory. This thesis examines the relationship between attachment pattern and (i) tendency to experience particular dissociative states and (ii) use made of available social support. Two groups were recruited. These were (i) control subjects with no history of treatment for psychological problems, and (ii) out-patient psychology department attendees with a broad range of psychological problems. Measures of attachment, social support, dissociation, exposure to life events and mood were administered. The results are presented and discussed in light of current theories of attachment, social support and dissociation.
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Tarsia, Massimo. "Trauma and dissociation in psychosis." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/29392.
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In this thesis we have attempted to address the complex issue of the relationship between trauma, dissociation, and psychosis. It is hypothesised that dissociation, occurred as a result of trauma, plays a key role in the formation and maintenance of psychotic symptoms, chiefly hallucinations and delusions. We have used methods from experimental psychopathology to investigate the potential role played by dissociative processes in the disruption of the cognitive processes of attention and memory for trauma-related, positive and neutral information in two groups of participants: 30 individuals with psychosis and 30 matched controls. In particular, we used self-report measures of symptomatology, recovery style, trauma, and dissociation, and employed two experimental tasks. The first was specifically devised to assess attentional processes: a Directed Forgetting Stroop Task (DFST) performed under conditions of divided attention. The second task was a Word-Stem Completion Task (WSCT) on which we applied the process dissociation procedure (PDP; Jacoby, 1991) in order to estimate the relative contribution to dissociation of implicit and explicit memory. As expected, our findings revealed that the experimental group processed information preferentially in an implicit manner. Generally, the psychosis group exhibited a better memory performance for trauma-related information, better conscious retrieval inhibition for the same material, and more difficulty in forgetting it. We also found that our self-report measure of trauma predicted levels of dissociation, which, in turn predicted individuals’ recovery style. Additionally, both dissociation and recovery style predicted levels of positive symptoms. However, we did not find a standard directed forgetting effect on our memory task or an advantage (less interference due to dissociation) on our task of divided attention. Results are discussed in the light of the theoretical background, previous experimental literature, and current models of trauma and dissociation.
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Ruiter, Michiel Benjamin de. "Neural correlates of nonclinical dissociation." [S.l. : Amsterdam : s.n.] ; Universiteit van Amsterdam [Host], 2005. http://dare.uva.nl/document/79270.
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Chambers, Adam Victor. "Intramolecular dynamics and unimolecular dissociation." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.252983.
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Sheldon, Lisa. "Dissociation, core beliefs, and psychopathology." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.299514.
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Nordström, Anne-Christine. "Behandling av trauma och dissociation." Thesis, Ersta Sköndal högskola, S:t Lukas utbildningsinstitut, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:esh:diva-2440.
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Inledning: Ett psykiskt trauma kan ibland medföra utveckling av dissociativa symtom. Syfte: Studien undersökte vad som varit betydelsefullt för psykoterapeuten i det psykoterapeutiska arbetet med patienter med trauma och dissociation. Metod: En kvalitativ studie valdes. Fem legitimerade psykoterapeuter intervjuades, alla med lång erfarenhet av traumaterapi och psykodynamisk terapi. Resultat: I denna studie menar informanterna att trauma och dissociation är ett underskattat forskningsområde och betonar vikten av diagnosen, enkel PTSD och dissociativa störningar. Informanterna beskriver sina erfarenheter och svårigheter av att arbeta med traumatiserade och dissocierade patienter. Den terapeutiska ramen står för trygghet och stabilitet men också gränssättning i det terapeutiska kontraktet. Informanterna indelar det psykoterapeutiska arbetet i 3 faser: Stabilisering, bearbetning och integrering. I terapeutrollen belyser Informanterna att det är särskilt viktigt med egenvård, kompetensutveckling, handledning och andra stödfunktioner vid arbete med patienter med trauma och dissociation. Informanterna beskriver hur de påverkas starkt känslomässigt och kroppsligt i sitt terapeutiska arbete. Traumatisk överföring och motöverföring betonas som en viktig del som informationskälla för att kunna föra processen framåt vid traumabehandling. Slutsatser: Framgångfaktorer vid traumabehandling är att blanda olika teorier och tekniker som anknytningsteori och terapier som i, EMDR, hypnos och symboldrama men även kroppsterapi som integreras med psykoterapi. Psykoterapeutens roll har stor betydelse för att föra fram arbetsprocessen. Kroppsliga och starka överföringar och motöverföringar sker i mötet med dessa patienter, de tar ofta med sig skräckupplevelser in i terapirummet som måste härbärgeras av psykoterapeuten.
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Spanswick, Mairi. "Types and mechanisms of dissociation." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.525918.
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Munro, James Julian. "States near dissociation in H⁺₃." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2006. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1445756/.
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Ah initio calculations contributing to an understanding of the infra-red near-dissociation spectrum of H⁺₃ are performed. All the bound vibrational nuclear-motion states and all the J=3 ro-vibrational states of H⁺₃ are calculated using a discrete variable representation (DVR) of the Hamiltonian on a massively parallel computer. The vibrational motion is evaluated in Jacobi and Radau coordinates. The rotational motion is evaluated using a z-perpendicular embedding of body-fixed co-ordinates. The vibrational band origins and ro-vibrational J=3 energy levels are calculated using an optimised basis set of effective size 696,960 x 4(J + 1). This results in ro-vibrational states which are converged to an unprecedented level of accuracy. Preliminary resonance state calculations of a similar accuracy are also performed by extending the bound state calculations using a complex absorbing potential method. The calculations performed are very large and therefore the algorithm has been extensively parallelised on a supercomputer. Several aspects of the DVR based algorithm are improved at every level of the calculation. An accurate and efficient system for performing resonance calculations based upon complex absorbing potentials is developed with an accuracy primarily dependant upon basis set completeness. The calculated vibrational nuclear-motion states are examined near dissociation using a number of methods. A number of long range van der Waals-like states are found to exist near dissociation. These asymptotic vibrational states are studied, graphically, through classical motion calculations and expectation values of the wave functions. Large basis 3D wave functions are also produced which are suitable for dipole transition calculations and could soon lead to a better understanding of the infra-red near-dissociation spectrum of H⁺₃.
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Trump, Rebecca K. "Self-Brand Overlap and Dissociation." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/194983.
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Consumer researchers have long accepted that consumption can serve as a tool in the creation, maintenance, and expression of consumers' identities. And brands, in particular, may be important to the consumer self, even potentially serving as relationship partners. This dissertation explores how brands that are important to consumers may impact their identities at a cognitive level. Specifically, I apply Aron et al.'s (1991) "including others in the self" paradigm from interpersonal relationship research, which finds that people's cognitive representations of close others overlap the psychological self, to studying the impact of brands on the self. I provide evidence that consumers' mental representations of loved brands, which may be perceived as relationship partners, overlap the psychological self in memory. I refer to this as self-brand overlap. I also consider the relevance of disliked brands to the consumer self, providing evidence that consumers' mental representations of disliked brands are dissociated from the psychological self in memory. I refer to this as self-brand dissociation.In two studies I demonstrate and replicate the self-brand overlap and dissociation effects. And, study 2 further explores these constructs, providing evidence that self-brand overlap and dissociation are the cognitive representations of positive and negative, respectively, consumer-brand relationships. This dissertation also includes three further studies that aim to identify boundary conditions of these effects. However, no conclusive support is found for a role of any of the explored moderators. Specifically, studies 3 through 5 find the self-brand dissociation effect in every condition, in every study, suggesting that self-brand dissociation is impervious to the boundary conditions examined. Evidence for the self-brand overlap effect, which was demonstrated in both studies 1 and 2, however, is mixed in each of these 3 later studies. Potential reasons for this lack of concrete replication are offered.
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Carlsson, Heléne. "När traumat sätter sätter sig i kroppen : Affektreglering och somatoforma dissociationer hos patienter." Thesis, Ersta Sköndal högskola, S:t Lukas utbildningsinstitut, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:esh:diva-5154.
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Traumatiska upplevelser som inte bearbetas kan ge somatiska symtom, i en del fall som uttryck för dissociation, så kallade somatoforma dissociationer. Patienter med dessa symtom söker sig till sjukvården där bristande kunskap om symtom på trauma kan fördröja adekvat behandling. Studiens syfte är undersöka traumainriktade terapeuters erfarenheter av arbete med patienter som har somatoforma dissociationer. Frågeställningarna är: Vilka upplevelser har psykoterapeuter av affektreglering och allians med traumatiserade patienter? Vilka symtom i form av somatoforma dissociationer ses hos patienterna? Hur kan man fånga upp traumarelaterad problematik inom sjukvården? Metoden är en kvalitativ undersökning i form av intervjuer med fem legitimerade psykoterapeuter som arbetar på traumamottagningar. Resultatet visar att somatiska symtom är vanliga hos traumatiserade patienter och att en del av symtomen kan betraktas vara somatoforma dissociationer. De somatiska symtomen kan ses som ett uttryck för obearbetade affekter och affektreglering är en väg till minskning av symtomen. I psykoterapin är tilliten en viktig del i alliansen. Slutsatser som kan dras är att somatoforma dissociationer kan behöva lyftas fram för att tydliggöra de somatiska uttryckens koppling till trauma. Inom sjukvården är det av vikt med ökad kunskap kring trauma så att patienten även får hjälp till affektreglering genom terapi och inte endast t ex fortsatt medicinsk behandling för somatiska och psykiska symtom.Experiences of trauma that not are taken care of may give somatic symptoms, in some cases as signs of dissociation, so called somatoform dissociations. Patients with these symptoms search for help in the medical care where insufficient knowledge of trauma symptoms can delay adequate treatment. The aim of this study is to investigate therapists’ experiences of therapy with traumatized patients that have somatoform dissociations. The questions to be asked are: Which experiences do psychotherapists have of affect regulation and alliance with traumatized patients? Which symptoms do patients have that can be seen as somatoform dissociations? How can you be aware of trauma related problems in the medical care? The method is a qualitative approach based on interviews of five legitimated psychotherapists working with traumatized patients. The result shows that somatic symptoms are common in traumatized patients and that some symptoms can be seen as somatoform dissociations. The somatic symptoms can be seen as signs of unprocessed affects and affect regulation is a way to reduce the symptoms. In psychotherapy faith is an important part of the alliance. Derived conclusions are that somatoform dissociations need to be highlighted so that the link between somatic symptoms and dissociation can be clarified. In the medical care the knowledge of trauma is essential so that the patient also gets help with affect regulation and not only further medical treatment of somatic and psychological symptoms.
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Swiney, Laura Michelle. "The Relationship Between Childhood Attachment Style and Adult Dissociation." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1418136797.
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Lussier, Marie-Laurence. "Facteurs associés à la dissociation présentée par des adolescentes agressées sexuellement." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/10596.
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L’une des conséquences importantes de l’agression sexuelle est l’apparition de symptômes dissociatifs. La dissociation est un mécanisme de défense qui se manifeste pendant le traumatisme et qui permet à l’enfant de survivre émotionnellement à ce qu’il vit.
L’objectif poursuivi dans ce mémoire est d’évaluer quelles variables, parmi différentes dimensions de facteurs (caractéristiques de l’agression sexuelle, facteurs personnels, parentaux, familiaux, autres formes de maltraitance et le dévoilement), influencent la présence de dissociation à un niveau clinique dans une population d’adolescentes ayant subi des agressions sexuelles à l’enfance et suivies par les services de la protection de la jeunesse.
À la suite des analyses statistiques, trois variables ressortent comme étant significativement associées à la présence de dissociation d’intensité clinique : la durée de l’agression sexuelle, la méfiance de l’adolescente envers les autres et son sentiment d’être différente des autres. Ces trois variables expliqueraient 28,7 % de la variance de la présence ou de l’absence de dissociation à un niveau clinique. Les difficultés de l’adolescente à appréhender ses relations, sa perception d’elle-même et son identité
devraient donc être les centrations des interventions réalisées auprès de la clientèle adolescente en agression sexuelle.
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Cooper, Inglis Louise. "Dissociation mechanisms of photoexcited molecular ions." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/455.
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Ladikos, D. "Dissociation of haemoproteins on solvent precipitation." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.374175.
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Renfrow, Steven N. (Steven Neal). "Charge State Distributions in Molecular Dissociation." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1998. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278340/.
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Sherriff, Nicholas Kevin. "Radionuclide dissociation from bentonite colloid systems." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2015. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/radionuclide-dissociation-from-bentonite-colloid-systems(43918efc-26e4-4e41-a450-3e209c20340d).html.
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Deep geological disposal is a method of managing high level, long-‐lived nuclear waste. It is a concept that many countries are exploring for the possibility of managing nuclear waste generated from power production. For deep geological disposal to be viable then areas where problems may surface have to be explored. Bentonite clay has been proposed as the material to be used for the backfill of the repositories. Its swelling properties ensure that it will expand to plug the bore holes that will be made for the waste, its impermeable nature restricts contact between groundwater and the waste package and its stability on a geological timescale all make it desirable as a backfill material. This project looks at the role that colloids formed from the bentonite clay could have in facilitating radionuclide transport away from a nuclear waste repository. Several radionuclides (Eu(III), U(VI), Th(IV) and Am(III)) have been considered in this research, and information from these studies will be used in the BELBaR project’s outputs, which will eventually support a disposal safety case. Ternary systems of 152Eu(III), bulk bentonite and EDTA ([Eu] = 7.9 x 10-‐10 M; pH = 6.0 – 7.0) have been studied. Without EDTA, there was slow uptake in a two-‐stage process, with initial rapid sorption of Eu(III) (96%), followed by slower uptake of a smaller fraction (3.0 % over a period of 1 month). The reversibility of Eu(III) binding was tested by allowing Eu(III) to sorb to bentonite for 1 – 322 days. EDTA was added to the pre-‐equilibrated Eu bentonite systems at 0.01 M. A dissociation rate constant of approximately 4.3 x 10-‐8 s-‐1 (values in the range 2.2 x 10-‐8 – 1.0 x 10-‐7 s-‐1) for pre-‐equilibration times ≥ 7 days was measured. Eventually, the amount of Eu(III) remaining bound to the bentonite was within error of that when EDTA was also present prior to contact (4.5 % ± 0.6). Eu interactions with colloidal bentonite were studied, and the dissociation rate constant measured by a resin competition method. A dissociation rate of 8.8 x 10-‐7 s-‐1 and a range of 7.7 x 10-‐7 – 9.5 x 10-‐7 s-‐1 were measured. For both bulk and colloidal bentonite slow dissociation was observed for Eu(III), but there was no evidence for ‘irreversible’ binding. The interactions of 232U(VI) with bentonite colloids ([U] = 5.43 x 10-‐10 M; pH = 8.8 ± 0.2) have been studied using a resin ion exchange competition technique. The reversibility of the interaction was studied by allowing U(VI) to sorb to bentonite colloids for periods from 1 – 35 days. A fraction of the U(VI) was removed from the solution instantaneously (28-‐50 %), and after 3 days, the amount of U(VI) remaining on the bentonite colloids was 17-‐ 25%. With time, the amount of U(VI) retained by the bentonite colloid is reduced further, with a first order dissociation rate constant of 5.6 x 10-‐7 s-‐1. Whilst the dissociating fraction was small (24% (+34; -‐12 %)), complete dissociation was not observed. Although slow dissociation was observed for U(VI), there was no convincing evidence for ‘irreversible binding’ of the radionuclide by the colloid. The interactions of 228Th(IV) ([Th] = 3.79 x 10-‐12 M; pH = 8.8 ± 0.2) and 241Am(III) ([Am] = 3.27 x 10-‐9 M; pH = 8.8 ± 0.2), with bentonite colloids have been studied using an ion exchange competition technique. Th(IV) was not fully associated with the bentonite colloids, and filtration showed that the uptake after 1 week was 78.3% (± 2.7%). Am(III) was weakly associated to the bentonite colloids, the uptake after 1 week was 20.1 % (± 5.2 %). Cellulose phosphate was added to the radionuclide/bentonite colloid systems (1 g for Th(IV), 0.2 g for Am(III)), an amount that was sufficient to retain the radionuclide when no bentonite colloids are present. A fraction of the Th(IV) is initially removed by the Cellphos (75-‐93 %), and after 7 days the amount of Th(IV) remaining on the colloids is 1 -‐ 3 %. Over the time of the experiment, the amount of Th(IV) retained by the bentonite colloid appears to remain level and the amount bound to the bentonite colloid at the end of the experiment is 2.1 % ± 0.88 % which is within experimental error of the steady state equilibrium of the system. A fraction (48-‐94 %) of the Am(III) is also initially removed by the Cellphos, after 7 days the8amount of Am(III) remaining on the colloids is 1.2 – 9.3 %. However, after 35 days of contact time with the cellulose phosphate it appears that Am(III) is released back into the system, preventing dissociation rates from being calculated in this case. Studies of the association of Eu(III) to the clay colloids and its subsequent dissociation in this thesis follow similar trends to those described elsewhere in the literature (Missana et al. (2008), Bouby et al. (2011)). The Eu/bentonite colloid dissociation rate calculated here (8.8 x 10-‐7 s-‐1 (± 9.1 x 10-‐7 s-‐1)) is within error of the dissociation rates for trivalent ions estimated by Wold (2010) (Am(III) 5.6 x 10-‐7 s-‐1 Cm(III) 1.7 x 10-‐6 s-‐1). The U(VI) studies in this thesis show a dissociation rate of 5.6 x 10-‐7 s-‐1 (± 4.2 × 10-‐7) which is within error of the U(VI) dissociation rate estimated by Wold (2010) (8.3 X 10-‐7 s-‐1). Reliable dissociation rates could not be obtained from the Am(III) and the Th(IV) studies in this thesis, other studies (e.g. Bouby et al. (2011) showed signs of irreversible binding of Th(IV) to bentonite colloids, however, no irreversible binding was observed in this thesis. Am(III) did not appear to be a close analogue of Eu(III) in these systems. All of the isotopes studied in this thesis showed no evidence of irreversible binding to bentonite or bentonite colloids. As such, the role that bentonite colloids will have in the facilitated transport of radioisotopes away from a repository is likely to have only a limited impact, at most, on the environmental safety case.
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Renaud, Guillaume. "Dissociation of noise sources foraeronautical fans." Thesis, KTH, MWL Marcus Wallenberg Laboratoriet, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-214993.
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To ensure health and hearing comfort, acoustics becomes more and more essential in the design of fans. 3D numerical calculations (mechanical, aerodynamic and magnetic) are used to ensure the compliance of fans before production test prototypes. However, numerical modelling is long and costly to the company; the use of analytical software calculations is an alternative for designers. An analytical chain allows less precise but way faster calculations enabling to link earlier in the design, the aerodynamic, mechanical and magnetic with the acoustic part. The master thesis is split in two steps. First, the reliability between the aerodynamic and the acoustic data is enhanced for a better estimation of the aerodynamic noise. This is done by using an extraction tool of the aerodynamic and geometric data, inputs of an analytical software OPTIBRUI that estimates the aeroacoustic noise. An automatic chain on a set of Technofan fans is also used in order to validate and optimize the OPTIBRUI configuration in relation to test measurements. In addition to this analytical chain, links between CFD data and measurements have been created. These links are used to compare the data from analytical and numerical calculations with the measurements in order to establish the suitability of the results. The results obtained are very encouraging as they predict the noise level within 3dB. The master thesis ends with the dissociation of the three noise sources occurring in fans (aerodynamic, mechanical and magnetic) knowing the characteristic frequencies of the mechanical and magnetic noise mechanisms. With this dissociation, it is possible to know rapidly from measurements the parts of the fan that are noise dominant and to guide the working times on the jobs treating the zones where the noise is predominant (aerodynamic engineer, electric motor engineer or mechanical engineer).
29
Cook, Shannon L. "Metastable Atom-Activated Dissociation (MAD): A Novel Dissociation Method Employed within a Quadrupole Ion Trap Mass Spectrometer." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1331325173.
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Ertin, Serkan. "Dissociation Of Literary Characters: The Use Of." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12607301/index.pdf.
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&ldquoDissociative Identity Disorder&rdquo
, also known as split or multiple personality disorder, made its appearance in literature in the form of &lsquo
the double&rsquo
, a projected dual personality. Ralph Tymms is believed to be the first to use the psychological provenance of the double as a literary device. To date, many publications have been made on Dissociative Identity Disorder, and many literary works dealing with &lsquo
the double&rsquo
have been published. However, the subject of the double, in all its literary and psychological manifestations, has not yet found the sufficient research and up-to-date study that it deserves. This paper ventures to study some of the links between Modern British Drama and Clinical and Social Psychology. It analyses the fact that although people adopting Dissociative Identity Disorder as a defence mechanism against social and personal constrictions are viewed outside the norms of personality structure, this practice allows them to create a personal space and a personal voice in the conditions they find themselves in. To this end, the characters Susan, Gareth, and Alan in the plays Woman in Mind, Philadelphia, Here I Come!, and Equus, written by Alan Ayckbourn, Brian Friel, and Peter Shaffer, respectively, will be studied.
31
Alayarian, Aida. "Trauma, torture, and dissociation : a psychoanalytic view." Thesis, University of Essex, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.589469.
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This study aims to explore resiliency and its relation to dissociations (healthy & unhealthy) and, examine psychoanalytic work within an inter cultural framework. Four factors are identified, elaborated and contextualised as necessary for good therapeutic intervention in working with people who endured trauma: 1) the sense of self 2) the psychic space 3) the listening other 4) healthy dissociations. The literature review is organised to explore psychoanalytic concepts relevant to the research question, and provide a foundation upon which theory and practice can be coherently linked following the clinical vignettes and discussion throughout the thesis. Two case studies! are used to illustrate and discuss the central hypothesis that healthy dissociation is an indicator of resiliency, made possible through the access to and development of the four key factors. The clinical data is presented from a relational perspective, with the view that childhood trauma and patient experiences during the developmental processes is a dual narration playing a significant role in the capacity for resiliency. Three issues specifically will be addressed: 1) the characteristics commonly associated with trauma and with resilience 2) the creation of an intra-psychic and secure state of mind with reference to Freud and contemporary psychoanalytic thinking, specifically Object Relation Theory 3) the relevance between resiliency and psychological health or lack of it The effect of trauma in adult life and its relation to earlier experiences is discussed, indicating that people with good enough environment during developmental process can dissociate healthily, therefore better managing the effects of trauma, whereas those who experienced interruptions during this developmental phase may collapse psychologically. Through the course of psychoanalytic psychotherapy, however, people can be helped to develop stronger psychic space and a better sense of self through the containing provided by the listening other: the therapist.
32
Ng, Chun-ming Dominic, and 伍俊明. "Formation, isomerization and dissociation of radical cationicpeptides." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B47145663.
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A fundamental understanding of the isomerization and fragmentation of peptide ions forms the scientific basis underlying peptide sequencing in the gas phase—an important emerging analytical technique routinely used in proteomics applications. Gas phase dissociation of odd-electron radical peptide cations (M?+) provides an alternative and complementary analytical method for identifying peptide sequences; this fragmentation behavior is distinct from that of even-electron protonated peptides ([M+H]+). Despite recent experimental and theoretical advances in studies of radical cationic peptides, their gas phase chemistry remains poorly understood.
The first part of this Thesis documents three mechanistic studies on the formation, isomerization, and dissociation of prototypical tripeptide radical cations in the gas phase using biological mass spectrometry. A combination of low-energy collision-induced dissociation (CID) experiments and density functional theory calculations at the B3LYP 6-31++G(d,p) level of theory was used to investigate the influence of the position of the radical site and the basicity of the amino acid residues in the radical cationic tripeptide analogs on their dissociation pathways. The CID spectra of two isomeric glycylglycyltryptophan radical cations—[GGW]?+ and [G?GW]+, with well-defined initial radical sites at the 3-methylindole ring and the N-terminal α-carbon atom, respectively—are significantly different. The former leads to the formation of [a3 + H]?+, [c2 + 2H]?+, and [z1 – H]?+ product ions through C–Cα
and N–Cα peptide bond cleavages, while the latter leads to the predominant fragment ions of y1+, [b2 – H]?+, and [b3 – H]?+ via amide bond cleavages. After substitution of the central glycine residue of GGW with an arginine residue, however, the two isomers [G?RW]+ and [GRW]?+ produced almost identical CID spectra. The calculated energy barriers and microcanonical rate constants for isomerizations and competitive dissociations are in accordance with the perception that isomerizations between the GGW isomers could not compete with their fragmentations. For the radical cationic isomers, the presence of the highly basic arginine residue decreases the isomerization barriers (ca. 7–11 kcal/mol) and mediates facile hydrogen atom transfers—both along the peptide backbone and within the side chain residues—prior to subsequent
dissociations. The effect of a basic amino acid residue on the isomerizations and dissociations of α-carbon–centered radical peptides also extends to distinctive Cβ–Cγ bond cleavages of isobaric leucine and isoleucine (Xle) residues. The CID spectra of [G?RXle]+ radical cations lead to the formation of characteristic product ions resulting from losses of ?CH(CH3)2 in [G?RL]+ and ?CH2CH3 in [G?RI]+ through Cβ–Cγ side-chain cleavages of (iso)leucine residues, allowing the two peptides to be distinguished.
Finally, the first implementation of laser-induced dissociation (LID) on a
hybrid quadrupole linear ion trap mass spectrometer is presented. After laser
irradiation of mass-selected and -trapped ions in the quadrupole linear ion trap, LID spectra of [M+H]+ undergo both facile backbone and side-chain cleavages. These products are strikingly different from those formed in the CID spectra of [M+H]+, but are similar to those in the corresponding CID spectra of M?+. This approach provides an alternative means of identifying peptide sequence in shogun proteomic analysis.published_or_final_version
Chemistry
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
33
Xu, Minjie, and 许敏洁. "Dissociation and characterization of cationic radical peptides." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/197123.
Full textAbstract:
Gas phase fragmentations of cationic radical peptides provide important fundamental information that forms the basis for peptide sequencing by using mass spectrometry. Presenting results from low-energy collision-induced dissociation (CID) experiments and theoretical density functional theory (DFT) calculations in conjunction with Rice–Ramsperger–Kassel–Marcus modeling, this thesis describes some of the chemical properties, including the locations of the charge and radical sites that determine the gas-phase chemistry of peptide radical cations.
The first Section (3.1) documents the dissociations of two isomeric glycylglycylarginine methyl ester radical cations, [G•GR–OMe]+ and [GG•R–OMe]+, with well-defined initial radical sites at the N-terminal and middle α-carbon atoms, respectively. These two isomers undergo similar fragmentations to form the y2+ ion and protonated allylguanidine; their identical CID spectra suggest that isomerization occurs prior to dissociation. DFT calculations at the B3LYP/6-31++G(d,p) level revealed that the proton is sequestered on the guanidine group of the side chain in the presence of a highly basic arginine residue, thereby decreasing the isomerization barriers among the α-carbon–centered radicals to approximately 36 kcal mol–1 (cf. 45 kcal mol–1 for the non-basic [GGG]•+ analogues) and facilitating the radical migration along the peptide backbone and subsequent dissociation reactions.
The second section (3.2) describes an investigation into the specific effect of the N-terminal basic residue on selective Cα–C bond cleavage of aromatic-containing radical cationic peptides. Upon replacing the arginine residue of [R(G)n–2X(G)7–n]•+ by a less-basic lysine residue, forming [K(G)n–2X(G)7–n]•+ (X = Phe or Tyr; n = 2–7) analogues, the selective Cα–C peptide bond cleavage no longer occurs. The dissociations of the prototypical radical cationic tripeptides [RFG]•+ and [KFG]•+ at the second Cα–C peptide bonds of α-radical intermediates proceed with comparable barriers (ca. 33 and 35 kcal mol–1, respectively); the generation of the competitive [b2 – H]•+ fragment from [RFG]•+ (ca. 40 kcal mol–1) is much higher in energy than that from [KFG]•+ (ca. 27 kcal mol–1). Thus, the selective Cα–C bond cleavage product from [KFG]•+ can be overridden by the [b2 – H]•+ species in the absence of a basic N-terminal residue.
Section (3.3) further examines the mechanistic roles of various α- andβ-carbon–centered radicals prior to Cα–C bond cleavage, leading to the observation of novel x-type radical fragments. DFT calculations and RRKM modeling of a prototypical π-radical cationic system, [AY]•+, suggested that direct Cα–C bond cleavage leading to the formation of the [x1 + H]•+ species is thermodynamically comparable (ca. 16 kcal mol–1) with, but kinetically at least three-fold more favorable than, the well-characterized competitive formation of [c1 + 2H]+ and [z1 – H]•+ species. This finding agrees well with the experimental yield of the [x1 + H]•+ radical cation being higher than that of the minor [c1 + 2H]+ species.published_or_final_version
Chemistry
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
34
Jackson, P. A. "Spectroscopy and dissociation of triatomic molecular ions." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.355423.
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Masters, Timothy Edward. "Spectroscopy and dissociation dynamics of small molecules." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.280256.
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Taylor, Susan Mary. "Microwave spectroscopy of molecular ions near dissociation." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.242643.
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Pabari, Josephine Clare. "Microwave spectroscopy of near-dissociation molecular ions." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.342636.
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Pyne, Christopher Hugh. "Near-dissociation studies of diatomic cluster ions." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.240763.
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Gammie, David Ian. "Microwave spectroscopy of near-dissociation molecular ions." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.284678.
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West, Yvonne Deana. "Spectroscopy and dissociation of the hydrogen ions." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.315925.
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41
MacWilliams, Graham. "Potential for Climate Induced Methane Hydrate Dissociation." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2018. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/pomona_theses/179.
Full textAbstract:
Methane hydrates are frozen deposits of methane and water found in high pressure or low temperature sediments. When these deposits destabilize, large quantities of methane can be emitted into the atmosphere. This is significant to climate change because methane has 25 times more greenhouse gas potential than Carbon Dioxide. Worldwide, it is estimated there are between 2500 and 10000 gigatons of methane stored in hydrate deposits. This represents more carbon than all fossil fuels on Earth. It is estimated that between 200 and 2000 gigatons of methane are stored in hydrates in Arctic waters acutely vulnerable to greenhouse warming. Over the last decade, researchers have identified instances of hydrate destabilization that have already begun. To gain insight into the potential climatic effects widespread hydrate dissociation would have, researchers have examined hydrate dissociation during the Paleocene Eocene Thermal Maximum 55 million years ago as a geologic precedent. In this period, large-scale hydrate dissociation contributed to 5-8 degree Celsius warming worldwide. If such a climatic shift were to transpire today, impacts on society would be enormous. There is currently a debate in the scientific community as to whether the risk of methane hydrate dissociation is relevant to the present generation. One side argues that not enough methane could be emitted into the atmosphere from today’s hydrate sources to have a meaningful impact on climate warming, where the other side contends that more than enough methane could be emitted from present day hydrate deposits to cause significant impacts to the global greenhouse effect. Given the information currently known about hydrates, it is reasonable to conclude there is a moderate risk of widespread destabilization that could impact global climate change in the coming decades. Significant acceleration of the conversion to alternative energies and implementation of geoengineering strategies should be considered.
42
Auclair-Vaillancourt, Amélie. "La dissociation : un phénomène normal ou pathologique?" Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/44504.
Full textAbstract:
Selon la théorie de Jacobs (1988), l’expérience de dissociation est spécifique aux gens présentant une dépendance. D’autres auteurs, dont Bernstein et Putnam (1986), prétendent que la dissociation peut survenir dans la population normale. Le but de la individu pratique une activité qui le passionne. Pour ce faire, la dissociation est mesurée chez les trois groupes de personnes s’adonnant aux jeux de hasard et d’argent (N = 22), au cyclisme (N = 21) et à l’escalade (N = 20). Les participants reçoivent des questionnaires par la poste avec une enveloppe pré-affranchie. Par la suite, ils retournent cette enveloppe au chercheur. La Dissociative Expériences Scale (Bemstein & Putnam, 1986), adaptée pour la présente étude, a été utilisée pour mesurer la dissociation. Les résultats révèlent que les trois groupes ont rapporté de la dissociation. Le groupe de joueurs a obtenu des scores moyens de dissociation inférieurs à ceux des sportifs. Le concept du « flow » de Csikszentmihalyi (1975) permet certaines interprétations des résultats inattendus. Ces résultats suggèrent qu’il est possible de faire l’expérience de la dissociation lors de la pratique d’une activité qui nous passionne, et que cet état n’est pas spécifique aux gens qui éprouvent des problèmes de dépendances.
43
Eldem, Cüneyt. "Couches limites hypersoniques avec effets de dissociation." Toulouse, ENSAE, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987ESAE0010.
Full textAbstract:
Étude des couches limites qui se développent dans le plan de symétrie, à l'intrados d'une navette spatiale tout au long de sa trajectoire dans le domaine hypersonique. Étude de l'influence du pouvoir catalytique de la paroi, de la temperature de la paroi, des modèles chimiques et des modèles de transport par diffusion sur les caractéristiques de la couche limite.
44
Barnett, Robert C. (Robert Charles) Carleton University Dissertation Psychology. "Fantasy role players: imagination, dissociation and suggestibility." Ottawa, 1995.
Find full text
45
Eldem, Cüneyt. "Couches limites hypersoniques avec effets de dissociation." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376048414.
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46
Cox, Brian. "Double diffraction dissociation at large momentum transfer." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1998. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.675409.
Full textAbstract:
Photoproduction events which have two or more jets with transverse energy ET > 4.5 GeV have been studied in the γp centre of mass energy range 158 GeV < W < 247 GeV with the H1 detector at HERA. The fraction f(Δη) of events with a rapidity gap between the two highest ET jets is measured as a function of the rapidity separation Δη between the jet axes. A gap is defined as the absence between the jets of any particle with energy E > 400 MeV. The gap fraction is observed to fall exponentially up to Δη < 3.5. An excess of events with a large rapidity gap, over what would be expected from standard photoproduction processes, is observed for Δη > 3.5. The excess can be interpreted as the result of the exchange of a strongly interacting colour singlet object. A new approach to the investigation of diffraction at high momentum transfer is presented in which the double dissociation process γp → XY is studied. The systems X and Y are separated by the largest rapidity gap in the event with all particles on the photon side of the gap ascribed to the system X. It is shown that a measurement of the cross section dσ/dx_p, where x_p = (M²ₓ - t)/W², allows a direct determination of the energy dependence of the diffractive process, and hence provides a stringent test of theories of high |t| diffraction. The double dissociation photoproduction cross section for the process γp → XY is measured for the first time at large 4-momentum transfer squared |t|. > 20GeV² using the H1 detector at HERA. Cross sections are measured differentially in x_p, for yp = (M²_y-t)/W² < 0.018 . In the range 0.0007 < x_p < 0.0040, the shape of the measured x_p distribution is compared to predictions for standard photoproduction processes and to a model based on the exchange of a strongly interacting colour singlet object at large |t|.
47
Hulette, Annmarie Cholankeril. "Intergenerational Relationships between Trauma, Dissociation, and Emotion." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/11929.
Full textAbstract:
xvii, 103 p. : ill. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number.The purpose of this study was to investigate intergenerational relationships between trauma, dissociation, and emotion. Short and long term consequences of betrayal trauma on cognitive and emotion coping strategies in a sample of 67 mother-child dyads were explored. Group comparison, correlation, and regression strategies were used to examine relationships between the following variables: maternal and child trauma histories, maternal and child dissociation, maternal alexithymia, and child emotion coping strategies in response to distressful events. Experiences of high betrayal trauma were found to be related to higher levels of dissociation in both children and mothers. Furthermore, mothers who experienced high betrayal trauma in childhood and were subsequently interpersonally revictimized in adulthood were shown to have higher levels of dissociation than a group of mothers who had experienced high betrayal trauma in childhood but were not revictimized in adulthood. This may indicate that dissociation from a history of childhood betrayal trauma involves a persistent unawareness of future threats in the environment. Additional evidence consistent with this hypothesis was found. Maternal revictimization status was related to child interpersonal trauma history, suggesting that a dissociative unawareness for threats may extend to children. More generally, an association was found between maternal interpersonal trauma history and child interpersonal trauma history. Maternal dissociation was also predictive of maternal alexithymia. This relationship was examined because mothers high in alexithymia were hypothesized to display deficits in emotion socialization that could put their children at greater risk for dissociation. Evidence consistent with a relationship between maternal alexithymia and child dissociation was found. Furthermore, a significant association between maternal alexithymia level and child emotion coping strategy was revealed. Children with highly alexithymic mothers displayed higher levels of passive emotion coping strategies on a task assessing their reactions to a distressful parent-child event. This study provides evidence that the experience of parental trauma has intergenerational effects on children. It is an important first step towards longitudinal studies that can provide additional clarification of the nature of the relationships between these variables, as well as parent-child intervention studies that may help to prevent child trauma exposure and reduce symptomatology.
Committee in charge: Jennifer Freyd, Chairperson, Psychology; Jennifer Ablow, Member, Psychology; Philip Fisher, Member, Psychology; Debra Eisert, Outside Member, Special Education and Clinical Sciences
48
Havell, Esma Anne. "Predicting Psychological Responses after the February 22nd Christchurch Earthquake: Peritraumatic Dissociation, Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms, Anxiety, Depression, and Social Isolation." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Psychology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/7108.
Full textAbstract:
Following exposure to trauma, stress reactions are initially adaptive. However, some individuals’ psychological response can become maladaptive with long-lasting impairment to functioning. Most people with initial symptoms of stress recover, and thus it is important to distinguish individuals who are at risk of continuing difficulties so that resources are allocated appropriately. Investigations of predictors of PTSD development have largely focused on relational and combat-related trauma, with very limited research looking at natural disasters. This study assessed the nature and severity of psychological difficulties experienced in 101 people seeking treatment following exposure to a significant earthquake that killed 185 people. Peritraumatic dissociation, posttraumatic stress symptoms, symptoms of anxiety, symptoms of depression, and social isolation were assessed. Descriptive analyses revealed the sample to be a highly impaired group, with particularly high levels of posttraumatic stress symptoms. Path analysis was used to determine whether the experience of some psychological difficulties predicted experience of others. As hypothesised, peritraumatic dissociation was found to predict posttraumatic stress symptoms and symptoms of anxiety. Posttraumatic stress symptoms then predicted symptoms of anxiety and symptoms of depression. Depression and anxiety were highly correlated. Contrary to expectations, social isolation was not significantly related to any other psychological variables. These findings justify the provision of psychological support following a natural disaster and suggest the benefit of assessing peritraumatic dissociation and posttraumatic stress symptoms soon after the event to identify people in need of monitoring and intervention.
49
Grilliat, Denis. "La spaltung : scission, coupure, clivage : division étude théorique et clinique de sa diversité en psychopathologie." Chambéry, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999CHAML002.
Full textAbstract:
Eugene Bleuler situe la Spaltung comme une conséquence du relâchement des associations responsables de l'affection qu'il nomme schizophrénie. Ce symptôme consiste en une scission des fonctions psychiques agissant au cœur même de l'intégrité subjective de l'individu. Plus avant, Eugene Minkowski met en évidence par l'abord phénoménologique, le rapport au monde spécifique qu'induit l'état morbide isole par son maitre et domine par la perte de contact vital avec la réalité. À la suite de Kretschmer il insiste sur la notion de type schizoïde. Françoise Minkowska, son épouse, met en évidence le type épileptoïde qu'elle va opposer, notamment grâce à ses observations étayées par le test de Rorschach, au type schizoïde. Ces deux pôles structuraux procèdent des mécanismes opposes que sont la Spaltung, conçue alors comme coupure, et lien. Dans cette perspective la Spaltung est alors moins considérée comme symptôme que comme mécanisme structural. Freud, pour sa part, s'il récuse globalement les travaux de Bleuler, use cependant de la notion de Spaltung mais dans un tout autre sens. Il la conçoit comme clivage du moi. S’il le met d'abord en évidence dans le fétichisme, il ne tardera pas à le repérer, bien que selon des modalités différentes, dans la névrose et dans la psychose. Lacan reprendra cette notion dans une perspective plus freudienne que bleulérienne. Toutefois, il opèrera une ouverture par rapport au travail de Freud en conceptualisant la Spaltung comme division du sujet, en le différenciant du moi. Ce travail tente d'établir dans ses conclusions dans quelles limites ces différentes acceptions de la Spaltung peuvent être articulées. En relations avec un travail historique mettant en perspective les apports de ces différents auteurs sur cette question, les observations cliniques apparaissent propres à illustrer les considérations théoriques exposées. Ces études de cas s'appuient pour une grande part sur l'analyse de protocoles de RorschachEugene bleaker sees Spaltung as a consequence of the loosening of the associations responsible for the affection that he calls schizophrenia. This symptom consists of a split of the psychological functions that operate at the very heart of the subjective integrity of the individual. More precisely, Eugene Minkowski brings to the fore, through the phenomenological approach, the link to the specific world that is induced by the morbid state isolated by its master and dominated by the loss of vital contact with reality. Following Kretschmer, he insists on the notion of the schizoid type. His wife, Françoise Minkowska, brings to the fore the epileptoid type that she will contrast with the schysoid type, notably through her observations supported by the Rorschach test. These two structural poles proceed from the opposed mechanisms of which Spaltung is one, considered then as cut, and the link. In this respect, Spaltung is therefore considered less as a symptom than a mechanical structure. Freud for his part, even if he globally rejects bleuler's work, nonetheless uses the notion of Spaltung but with a totally different meaning. He sees it as a split of the self. Even if he first brings it to the fore in the theory of fetishism, he soon goes on to isolate it in the domains of neurosis and psychosis, although with different criteria. Lacan later takes up this notion with an outlook that is more freudian than bleulerian. However, he creates an opening with regard to freud's work by conceptualising spaltung as a division of the subject, and by differentiating it from the second freudian topic's self. In its conclusion, this work tries to establish the limits within which these different meanings of Spaltung can be expressed. In relation to a historical work, the clinical observations appear pertinent to illustrate the theoretical considerations that are proposed. These studies of cases rely to a large extent on the analysis of Rorschach's protocols
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Hirakata, Pamela Elizabeth. "Narratives of dissociation : insights into the experience and treatment of dissociation in individuals who have been sexually abused in childhood." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/31330.
Full textAbstract:
A narrative research design was used to obtain an in-depth understanding of the experience and treatment of dissociation in seven individuals who had a history of childhood sexual abuse and engaged in moderate to high levels of dissociation. Through a holistic-content analysis (Lieblich, 1998), seven major themes emerged--disconnection to self, others, and the world; gaps in time, space, and memory; the dissociative process; personal meaning and insight; tools and techniques; challenging the dominant paradigm; and the therapeutic relationship. Significant contributions include: (a) redefining dissociation from the perspective of those who dissociate; (b) challenging the dominant discourse that views dissociation through a lens of pathology; and (c) highlighting the critical role of the therapeutic relationship in the treatment of dissociation.Education, Faculty of
Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education (ECPS), Department of
Graduate