Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Dispositifs électromécaniques – Simulation par ordinateur'
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Calmels, Aurore. "Applicateurs industriels à ondes progressives : des concepts à la maitrise énergétique : analyse en modes propres, simulation numérique et thermographie infrarouge." Dijon, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999DIJOS056.
Full textTournez, Florian. "Du composant au conducteur dans la boucle de simulation pour le test de véhicules électriques hybrides." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ULILN060.
Full textVehicle electrification plays a crucial role in the fight against climate change. In response to the increasingly pronounced growth of electrified vehicles in the global automotive market, new technologies have emerged to meet the demand. Hardware-in-the-Loop simulations, such as Signal (S-HIL) and Power (P-HIL), are already used in the automotive industry to test various components and next-generation subsystems before their integration into the final prototype, but their potential remains underutilized. To promote their use and enhance the speed of development, new and affordable methods need to be implemented.The objective of this thesis is to propose a flexible method for testing various electrical subsystems, ranging from traditional HIL simulations to Driver-in-the-Loop simulation (DIL). The concept of distributed HIL simulation is based on the use of a remote server. The remote server corresponds to a virtual computer located in a data center equipped with the Amesim Simcenter simulation software. The software provides access to an online library of models, allowing the user to couple their models or locally located subsystems with Amesim Simcenter to perform pure simulations, S-HIL, or P-HIL. A simple and flexible interface has been established through the organization of models using the Energetic Macroscopic Representation (EMR) formalism. Distributed HIL simulation was carried out as part of the H2020 PANDA Project to improve the integration of electrified vehicles into the automotive market. The second focus is to implement a DIL simulation coupled simultaneously with a P-HIL simulation while retaining the flexibility of using models in a real-time simulation platform. This approach enables the testing of a power subsystem while incorporating a driver through a driving simulator (DIL/P-HIL)
Leconte, Vincent. "Simulation des convertisseurs électromécaniques." Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00689550.
Full textLiang, Shuai. "Contribution to localization and motion control of inertial actuated nano-robotic systems inside electron microscopy." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS204.
Full textThis thesis targets the development of a generic, intelligent and user friendly interface that can manage elementary robotic tasks needed inside a SEM by simply defining graphical instructions on the SEM screen. To deal with the very high magnification capability of SEM and to be able to reach any region of interest on sample observed by SEM, the robot end effectors must be able to navigate with a displacement range to resolution ratio of several million times. As such, all the motion control must deal with multi-scale trajectories, i.e. from nano-meter range up to milliliter range. The experimental platform in this thesis is the ISIR-robotex nano-robotic platform. It is composed of a poly-articulated nano-robotic system actuated by piezoelectric inertial actuators (PIAs) and holding a self-sensing Atomic force Microscope (AFM) probe as end effector. The main contributions are : Non-linear modeling of piezoelectric inertial actuators to deal with multi-scale dynamic representation issues. Velocity characterization and velocity control of a class of piezoelectric inertial actuators. High level multi-scale path following control of an AFM operating inside electron microscopes. AFM tip localization and tracking through deep learning based vision inside an electron microscope. Model predictive control (MPC)-based path following and obstacle avoidance for an AFM cantilever operating inside electron microscopes. The developed methods enrich the motion capability and sensing of nano-robotic systems operating inside SEMs, accelerating the process towards a fully-automation for robotic manipulation purposes at the small scales
Depee, Jean-Yves. "Caractérisation et mise en œuvre de dispositifs de protection contre les surtensions." Lyon, INSA, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995ISAL0013.
Full text[Electronic devices are more and more integrated, faster and faster but more and more sensitive ta transient over voltage phenomena. These phenomena are due ta natural or artificial energy restitution· nuclear detonation lightning switching in electrical surroundings. The induced electromagnetic field may propagate, thus some sensitive electronic devices must then be protected. Among ail the possible protection techniques we are particularly interested in discrete parallel protection components and in their behaviour facing fast voltage rise and oscillating discharge. This study shows the interesting protection properties of semiconductor devices. That is why we simulate the physical behaviour of such structures in order to better understand the different involved phenomena. We are then able ta develop different models dedicated to circuit simulation softwares like HSPICE that enable us to predict the protection components behaviour facing different surge waves. Using these models we realise two specific protection modules (law energy protection module and law voltage network lightning protection module). ]
Gaude, Daniel. "Modélisation et simulation de systèmes électromagnétiques à induction avec prise en compte des matériaux magnétiques et formulation par graphes de liens." Lyon 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LYO10115.
Full textBaudet, Mikaël. "Simulation de dispositifs en silicium polycristallin considéré comme matériau inhomogène." Rennes 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002REN10070.
Full textVuorinen, Kimmo. "Modélisation comportementale de composants optroniques pour la simulation de systèms de communication optique." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ECDL0022.
Full textMarmouget, Marc. "Contribution au developpement d'outils d'aide a la conception de dispositifs de puissance bases sur le mode d'integration fonctionnelle." Toulouse, INSA, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ISAT0025.
Full textHaddad, Salah. "Contribution au développement d'un générateur automatique de programmes de simulation de procédés électromécaniques (GASPE)." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991INPL049N.
Full textAlin, François. "Contribution à la prédiction et au contrôle des comportements apériodiques dans les convertisseurs électromécaniques : Application de la théorie du chaos." Reims, 2005. http://theses.univ-reims.fr/exl-doc/GED00000237.pdf.
Full textThere is a conviction in the engineer science field which led in thinking that any divergence between numerical simulation and experimental results is necessarily due to an imperfect modelisation of the converter or to an epiphenomenon manifestation ordinarily neglected. It's the situation for example of the stepping motor in the instable operation zone where the dynamics isn't periodic anymore. After having built and simulated a generic model validated by experimental observations, we demonstrate that these aperiodical behaviours are intrinsic properties of the converter. To do so, we have had to design special tools adapted to the specific chaotic characteristics of that electromechanical converter. We have built an automatic control and acquisition tool which assure a low noise level and a maximum of reproducibility of the experimental results. We have also written some simulation software in object C language because solutions obtained with generalist numerical tools on systems near the stability limits are usually not satisfying. With both theoretical and experimental approaches, we propose a systematic study of the dynamics exhibited by the step by step motor. That accurate knowledge of the motor behaviour allow us, at last, to propose a simple and economical control strategy without any position detector, in order to obtain a periodic motor behaviour in zones where it naturally isn't. This allows us to extend, at low cost, the useful range, in the engineer meaning, of this converter
Desoutter, Isabelle. "Simulation bidimensionnelle par la méthode des éléments finis de procédés technologiques complets sur silicium : couplage avec un simulateur de dispositifs." Lille 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985LIL10052.
Full textKabil, Julie. "Étude des interactions par radiofréquence entre multiples dispositifs médicaux pour la compatibilité IRM." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0001/document.
Full textWith an aging population worldwide, more and more persons are at risk of suffering from pathologies which are best diagnosed or monitored with Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): thus, the number of MRI exams is constantly increasing. Moreover, elderly patients being likely to undergo a medical device implantation (such as a pacemaker or a hip prosthesis) the safety of implanted patient in MRI is crucial. The medical imaging technique involves indeed different electromagnetic fields which can interact with a metallic implant and lead to potential hazard for the patient. Even though compatibility guidelines exist today to subject individually medical devices to standardized tests and ensure their harmlessness in an MRI environment, the interactions between multiple medical devices with respect to radiofrequency electromagnetic waves (and to the hazards that may follow) are a complex research area that has to be understood. The aim of this thesis is to study these interactions on different levels: intra-device interactions, inter-devices interactions and interactions between a device and several antennas. A prediction method has been proposed to simplify the study of large range of implants, according to the variations of parameters characterizing the different parts of a prosthesis. Electromagnetic and thermal simulations, associated with experimental measurements in a clinical MRI environment, allowed to highlight a coupling phenomenon between two simplified implants and to introduce a new metric to quantify them. Finally, a multi-antenna study led to some insights to answer the question of the safety of an implanted patient with several antennas, in a configuration similar to a clinical routine exam. Thus, the research work presented in this thesis allowed to assess the interactions with respect to MRI radiofrequency in presence of one or several medical devices and antennas, opening new prospects towards a safe MRI for everyone
Bakhta, Athmane. "Modèles mathématiques et simulation numérique de dispositifs photovoltaïques." Thesis, Paris Est, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PESC1046/document.
Full textThis thesis includes two independent parts, both motivated by mathematical modeling and numerical simulation of photovoltaic devices. Part I deals with cross-diffusion systems of partial differential equations, modeling the evolution of concentrations or volume fractions of several chemical or biological species. We present in Chapter 1 a succinct introduction to the existing mathematical results about these systems when they are defined on fixed domains. We present in Chapter 2 a one-dimensional system that we introduced to model the evolution of the volume fractions of the different chemical species involved in the physical vapor deposition process (PVD) used in the production of thin film solar cells. In this process, a sample is introduced into a very high temperature oven where the different chemical species are injected in gaseous form, so that atoms are gradually deposited on the sample, forming a growing thin film. In this model, both the evolution of the film surface during the process and the evolution of the local volume fractions within this film are taken into account, resulting in a cross-diffusion system defined on a time dependent domain. Using a recent method based on entropy estimates, we show the existence of weak solutions to this system and study their asymptotic behavior when the external fluxes are assumed to be constant. Moreover, we prove the existence of a solution to an optimization problem set on the external fluxes. We present in Chapter3 how was this model adapted and calibrated on experimental data. Part II is devoted to some issues related to the calculation of the electronic structure of crystalline materials. We recall in Chapter 4 some classical results about the spectral decomposition of periodic Schrödinger operators. In text of Chapter 5, we try to answer the following question: is it possible to determine a periodic potential such that the first energy bands of the associated periodic Schrödinger operator are as close as possible to certain target functions? We theoretically show that the answer to this question is positive when we consider the first energy band of the operator and one-dimensional potentials belonging to a space of periodic measures that are lower bounded in certain ness. We also propose an adaptive method to accelerate the numerical optimization procedure. Finally, Chapter 6 deals with a greedy algorithm for the compression of Wannier functions into Gaussian-polynomial functions exploiting their symmetries. This compression allows, among other things, to obtain closed expressions for certain tight-binding coefficients involved in the modeling of 2D materials
Le, Beller Luc. "Analyse, mesure et simulation du bruit associé à l'ionisation par impact des photodiodes à avalanche." Montpellier 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON20122.
Full textNaceur, Djamila. "Etude par simulation de l'anti-éblouissement horizontal et vertical dans les dispositifs à transfert de charge à trame." Montpellier 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON20083.
Full textGeorgel, Vincent. "Étude de l'influence de l'assemblage sur le comportement des composants électromécaniques intégrés dans des systèmes radiofréquences." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00432057.
Full textAnselmi, Amedeo. "Ajustement anatomique des dispositifs d’assistance cardiaque mécanique de longue durée par exploitation de l’imagerie et de la simulation." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017REN1B001.
Full textLong-term circulatory mechanical assist devices are increasingly employed in the management of patients with advanced heart failure. Nonetheless, this therapeutic strategy is still associated with immediate and long-term complications; among these, pump thrombosis, thromboembolic events and pump dysfunction are particularly dreadful. Mechanical factors are involved in their pathogenesis. We hypothesize that the analysis of the post-implantation positioning of the devices (and particularly of the admission cannula for left ventricular assist devices) might provide additional useful information for the prediction of the above events. We also hypothesize that it is possible to optimize the management of these patients (under the perspective of device selection, choice of the left ventricular implantation site and implantation modalities) through computer-assisted preoperative planning. We have therefore established two axes of research. With the first axis, we propose an original system for orientation analysis of the intraventricular admission cannula with respect to the mitral valve (postoperative CT scan). This analysis indicates a significant association between the cannula orientation towards the interventricular septum and the occurrence of early/delayed complications. This novel method will be validated in larger cohorts and tested in a prospective clinical investigation. With the second axis, we propose a virtual implantation solution (environment Cami-TK), based on semi-automatic segmentation of cardiac structures (preoperative CT scan), augmented visualization of the CT scan images, virtual positioning of a 3D mesh representing the devices, and collision analysis with the thoracic structures (left ventricular assist devices and total artificial heart) or the right ventricle (ventricular assist devices only). We finally indicate future investigations concerning the application of computational fluid dynamics to facilitate computer simulation of the hemodynamics within the assisted left ventricle, and refined prediction of adverse events
Toussaint, Geneviève. "Modélisation du confinement des débris des pales d'un moteur d'avion dans un caisson hybride métal-composite." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/19372.
Full textBatikh, Ahmad. "Contrôle de l'aérodynamique externe des véhicules aériens par des dispositifs microfluidiques : étude de l’effet de mini et micro-jets synthétiques sur des écoulements pariétaux." Toulouse, INSA, 2008. http://eprint.insa-toulouse.fr/archive/00000179/.
Full textIn external aerodynamics of land and air vehicles, flow control is a major axis of performance improvement (lift increasing and drag reduction by eliminating flow separation on an aircraft wing, for example). In the control loop, the actuator is an essential element and the characterization of its operations and its effect on the flow control is required to establish effective control laws. Among the technologies employed, the fluidic actuators, whose synthetic jet is a part, have the advantage of having no moving parts in direct contact with the outside flow and allow simple control of the temporal form of excitement imposed. To characterize the synthetic jet in a quiescent environment, numerical and experimental studies are conducted. The experimental study uses two techniques of measurement: the hot-wire anemometry and the PIV. A comparison of the behavior of synthetic jet with other types of jet (continuous jet and pulsed jet) is done. The influence of a synthetic jet on the boundary layer of a wall jet whose flow direction is normal to the axis of synthetic jet is then studied. This wall jet is first plan and then presents a flow separation resulting from a forced rupture a few millimeters downstream of the synthetic jet actuator. The interaction of two adjacent synthetic jets, and the effects of miniaturization are finely the subject of a numerical study because their effects can be very important in the case of the establishment of an array of micro-actuators on a surface ( airplane wing, for example) on which we want to control the separation
Peralta, Cortes Héctor. "Création de critères d'évaluation de dispositifs d'assistance pour personnes en situation de handicap." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009VERS0026.
Full textPLEIA project is a methodological platform of different software tools for the evaluation of different interfaces for persons with disabilities. This platform is based on different modules: PLEIA Functional awaking which is used to study the interactions between the interfaces peripheral and awaking systems (toys and robots), PLEIA Exercise which is based on the pointing devices for a personal computer, PLEIA Functional which is oriented to the command interfaces for the technical aids such as electric powered wheelchair. These modules are used by occupational therapists to create a basic evaluation. It tries to create tests with the integration of interfaces and performance analysis of patients. This thesis is based on PLEIA Exercise and Evaluation modules. The experimental results are shown for myopathic Children. The obtained results are promising
Verbrugge, Vivien. "Étude de dispositifs optiques à micro-cavité verticale pour l'utilisation dans un module multi-longueur d'onde." Rennes, INSA, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ISAR0001.
Full textLemercier, Samuel. "Simulation du comportement de suivi dans une foule de piétons à travers l'expérience, l'analyse et la modélisation." Phd thesis, Rennes 1, 2012. https://ecm.univ-rennes1.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/03ce7038-80f3-4c57-bf93-47adc49be8fd.
Full textRealistic crowd simulation is an open and challenging problem due to the high quantity of information that is taken into account by a human to determine his walking trajectory. In this thesis, we aim at modeling and simulating the following interactions between individuals moving in crowds. We propose an approach in three major steps. Firstly, we build up a kinematic database to observe following behaviors during pedestrian groups movement from an original experimental process using motion capture. Acquired data treatment requires to develop a specific reconstruction method of the raw data. The obtained database is our first result. Secondly, we propose a detailed analysis of these data. We highlight both the nature of the local interactions between participants and the global patterns that emerge from the combination of these interactions, in particular, the formation of propagating speed waves. This analysis is our second major result and leads up to our third and last result : a numerical model of following behavior between pedestrians calibrated on our experimental data. Simulation results are evaluated on their capacity to reproduce the macroscopic patterns we have observed and analyzed. We finally show different applications of our model
Lemercier, Samuel. "Simulation du comportement de suivi dans une foule de piétons à travers l'expérience, l'analyse et la modélisation." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00724072.
Full textGuilhem, Noëlie. "Analyses et caractérisations numérique et expérimentale d'un caloduc tournant à grandes vitesses de rotation." Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ESMA0011.
Full textThe use of electrical equipments undergoing hard operating conditions (rotational speed, heat dissipations) leads to the development of an efficient, passive and reliable device, capable of extracting heat from those systems while satisfying constraints such a weight, size and cost encountered in aeronautics. As well as being a good passive system transferring large quantities of heat, the axial rotating heat pipe satisfies all those requirements because of its reduced size and the small working fluid loads. The characterization of this type of two-phase devices operating under high radial acceleration levels (up to 16 000 g) has led to researches both numerical and experimental carried out during this thesis. The first phase of this study is devoted to the internal thermo hydrodynamic behaviour of the rotating heat pipe with a semi-analytic approach, concentrated on the behaviour of the liquid phase. This analysis, carried out with both minimal and overweight conditions, has highlighted the devices performances sensibility to the different operating parameters which are the rational speed, the heat flux, the filling ration the saturation temperature and the type of fluid. The rotating heat pipe characterization has then been completed with an experimental phase, necessary to the evaluation of its heat transfer capacities in real operating conditions. Different series of tests first checked the ability of the device to operate under high accelerations while being loaded with fluid and then lead to the system performances determination for several operating conditions (speed, heat flux, etc. ). All those investigations revealed a very interesting heat transfer potential which is very promising for the integration of this system in rotating equipment
Karray, Mohamed. "Contribution à la modélisation hiérarchique de systèmes opto-électroniques à base de VHD-AMS." Paris, ENST, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ENST0044.
Full textIn a technological context in which the integration degree in micro and optoelectronic circuits increases more and more, it becomes necessary for the designers to get complete simulation tools, in order to study not only the behavior of different constitutive elements of sub-systems that they design, but also to evaluate global performances of the system. This thesis work concerns the design of opto-electronic component models, by using VHDL-AMS language. This language is very convenient for multi-domain modelling : electronics, optics, thermics or mechanics. It gives also the capability to get models at different abstraction levels in the system. Our work is a part of SHAMAN project. Its objective is to model every component of an opto-electronic system with the conditions of high speed, short distance, and strong thermal and mechanical interactions. The methodology used is hierarchical, combining top-down and bottom-up design flow in order to get optimal solutions about performances, cost and design time, and by re-using virtual components following intellectual property rules (IP)
Kodjo, Vidjannagni. "Évaluation et modélisation des dispositifs de retenue pour motards." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE1141/document.
Full textIn France, in 2015,motorcyclists represent 43% of seriously injured accident victims in road traffic. At the same time, even though motorcyclists impact crashes against the road restraint systems represent on average 10% of accidents in road traffic, motorcyclists present a risk of death from30 to 80 times upper than the risk of death for users of vehicles involved in the same type of accidents. To enhance the safety of motorcyclists, Vehicle Restraints Systems (VRS) arefitted to the lower part of restraint systems for motorcyclists. Motorcyclist’s Restraint Systems (MRS) are designed to absorb shocks gradually and to preventmotorcyclists to pass through the lower part of VRS, to hit a post and be severely injured. Before being installed on the roadsides, MRS have to be crash-tested according to standards in order to evaluate their safety and ensure motorcyclists safety. However, there are only normative procedures to testMRS, the LIER procedurein the French context and the procedure EN1317-8 in the European context. To assess both normative procedures and propose new provisions which can be used as normative procedure more advanced on the protocol of MRS performances evaluation tests, numerical simulations were performed. A numerical model of MRS was developed and correlated on one real impact test on other device of same type. Once correlated, the model was used to conduct a parametric study on the test conditions and thematerialsmechanical properties of the MRS. Finally, a new demarche of MRS performances evaluation was developed
Nguyen-Duc, Long Hung. "Tracking de dispositifs et de structures pour le traitement endovasculaire des pathologies aortiques." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017REN1S142/document.
Full textThis work is part of computer-assisted endovascular navigation. The aim of this thesis is to study and to propose new solutions for the localization and the tracking of moving endovascular devices within anatomical structures, which can be considered fixed or moving. The objective is to facilitate the endovascular intervention, by maximizing the accuracy and reliability of procedures, while minimizing the use of X-rays and contrast agents. The works concern : - The study of registration approaches to align pre-operative 3D data describing the anatomical structures and intra-operative 3D electromagnetic data (positions of a catheter equipped with a magnetic sensor at its tip). In the context of the treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA), two fiducial-free registration methods that exploit only the endovascular trajectories (with total or partial correspondence hypothesis) have been proposed. The tests were performed on an AAA phantom. Although the localization accuracy of electromagnetic systems is still limited, these could be used to assist endovascular navigation (e.g., catheterization of collateral arteries). - The elaboration of a method to track calcifications and markers in fluoroscopic sequences, in the context of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) procedures. We proposed a method of tracking by adaptive appearance model (TMAA). The approach was evaluated on 13 fluoroscopic sequences as part of TAVI native valve procedures and 5 fluoroscopic sequences as part of TAVI valve-in-valve procedures. The average localization error was less than 1 mm and the average processing time was 32.23 ms/frame. The evaluation of this method and its application on patient data has made it possible to show the precision and the compatibility of the tracking with a clinical use
M'Boungui, Gaston. "Actionneur piézoélectrique commandable en frottement variable pour application haptique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL10002.
Full textAs a solution to the lack of compactness and simplicity often encountered in haptic interfaces, we propose a device based on friction coefficient control principle. This device includes polarised piezoceramics well adjusted and glued to a 64x38x3 mm copper-beryllium plate supported by four legs. Then, properly energised around a resonant frequency, with legs at antinodes, a stationary wave is created in the plate. Variable friction forces between the legs and the plane substrate are created by the control of the wave amplitude, according to electro-active lubrication. So the user obtains force feedback by holding the plate, and moving it on a plane substrate, as he couId do with a mouse interface. Preliminary psychophysical evaluation trends to assess the validity of the device as a force feedback interface able to sense limits or shape changes of objects from virtual environment in the future
Al, Isber Aziz. "Modélisation de l'écoulement instationnaire décollé à la traversée d'un diaphragme par la méthode des vortex aléatoires." Toulouse, ENSAE, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991ESAE0002.
Full textRichert, Julien. "Contribution au développement et à l'optimisation de systèmes de retenue adaptatifs pour l'améloration de la sécurité passive dans le domaine automobile." Valenciennes, 2007. http://ged.univ-valenciennes.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/80d2e31b-0b99-4d74-b885-5932b37a307a.
Full textIn the last years, automotive safety became a major issue for the car manufacturers due to its growing importance in their marketing strategy. This comes on the top of a strong political will to reduce the fatalities due to road accidents. In this perspective, newly developed adaptive restraint systems are in the starting blocks to play an important role. This PhD thesis aims at presenting the design and optimization of an adaptive restraint system using numerical simulation. This study relies on three years of simulations and experiments by the Group Research of Daimler AG in the department Assistance and Safety Systems. The first step of this study was to identify frontal crash as the load case likely to be optimized and then to evaluate the restraint system components to be involved to introduce adaptability in the restraint system. The passenger airbag has been chosen as object to bring the adaptability into the restraint system. Contrary to state-of-the-art restraint systems, the optimization method proposed here focused on the adaptability and not only on the restrain performance. To this aim, an adaptability tensor including load cases enabling the adaptability assessment of a restraint system as well as an adaptability score accounting for its adaptability level have been defined. This thesis intends to introduce adaptability in the restraint system by implementing two distinct principles: the variable damping and the earlier coupling of the occupant. Variable damping has been realized by controlling the gas flowing out of the airbag through adaptive vents which trigger time or exhaust orifice sizes. Self-adaptive vents have also been considered. This method proves profitable when it comes to use all the available distance to stop the occupant. Earlier coupling involves the implementation of an airbag whose shape and volume could be adapted to the crash conditions. This principle shows excellent results with occupants sitting in middle to rear-most seat track positions. A numerical simulation model associating variable damping and earlier coupling has been evaluated according to the adaptability tensor. The simultaneous use of both principles leads to an increase of the performance but above all of the adaptability level of the restraint system. The spread of adaptive restraint systems and especially of variable airbags proved their importance towards the increase of the average safety level of the passenger whatever the crash conditions
Belhaj, Mohamed Moez. "Conception et caractérisation des dispositifs micro-ondes pour la fabrication de circuits à base de graphène." Thesis, Lille 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL10048/document.
Full textThis work was carried out under the project involving GRACY IEMN and other research laboratories: CALISTO and IMS Bordeaux. This manuscript reports a comprehensive overview of studies and advanced conducted as part of this thesis in the Institute of Electronics, Microelectronics and Nanotechnology (IEMN) in CARBON group. The main reflection axis of this work is based on the design, modeling and characterization of active and passive devices on flexible and rigid substrates for the development of new components and electronic circuits with increasingly important performance criteria. During this work, the focus was mainly focused on the essential steps to achieving integrated circuit millimeter wave using coplanar technology by inkjet printing and field effect transistors based on graphene (GFETs). This memory in particular shows the importance and potential of graphene for integration into electronic circuits. In addition, special attention was paid on modeling and characterization techniques related to passive devices on flexible substrates. Therefore, a characterization bench of these elements on flexible substrate has been developed during this thesis to verify and consolidate their behavior experimentally
M'Boungui, Gaston. "Actionneur piézoélectrique commandable en frottement variable pour application haptique." Thesis, Lille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL10002/document.
Full textAs a solution to the lack of compactness and simplicity often encountered in haptic interfaces, we propose a device based on friction coefficient control principle. This device includes polarised piezoceramics well adjusted and glued to a 64x38x3 mm copper-beryllium plate supported by four legs. Then, properly energised around a resonant frequency, with legs at antinodes, a stationary wave is created in the plate. Variable friction forces between the legs and the plane substrate are created by the control of the wave amplitude, according to electro-active lubrication. So the user obtains force feedback by holding the plate, and moving it on a plane substrate, as he couId do with a mouse interface. Preliminary psychophysical evaluation trends to assess the validity of the device as a force feedback interface able to sense limits or shape changes of objects from virtual environment in the future
Wanko, Ngnien Adrien. "Etude des mécanismes de transfert et évaluation des capacités d'oxygénation et de traitement des dispositifs de traitement par cultures fixées sur supports granulaires fins alimentés en discontinu-développement d'un modèle de biodégradation." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005STR13187.
Full textAim of this work is to enhance understanding of the main phenomena occurring during infiltration of wastewater within vertical flow sand filter. We also introduce some operating possibilities which may improve efficiency and keep seepage beds in good working order. In the first part we document state of art in this research topic. Following some general remarks about different wastewater treatment techniques, more precise description of seepage beds is made with particular interest on its constraints and needs of further research. A central issue is the choice of porous media. It should be adapted to allow good oxygen feeding for bacteria growing on it and avoid biological clogging. Second part, mainly experimental, is focused on physical and hydraulic characterization of un-colonized crushed and stream sand. We carried out a residence time distribution (RTD) comparison of these two sands under steady and unsteady flow. Apart from characteristics of porous media and with a constant daily loading rate, decreased frequencies involve longer residence times. On the other hand, output recovery of the mass of injected tracer always occurs faster with stream sand. Continuation of hydrodynamic study is made with colonised porous media. Efficiency of biological removing of carbonaceous pollution is higher within stream sand. Opposite trend is observed with nitrogenous pollution. Removing of both nitrogenous and carbonaceous pollutions is linked to oxygenation. In other words it is linked to renewal of gaseous phase in porous medium. We highlight convection and diffusion of oxygen in porous media by using a fluorescence technology, which allows us to detect both gaseous and dissolved oxygen. We compare participation of convection and diffusion phenomena to renewal of oxygen. Achievement of this work consists on the development of a numerical code which simulates flow and pollution degradation through a colonized porous medium. Two different numerical methods have been used. In the first model, also called global approach, chemical and transport parts of each equation are solved by a single numerical scheme. A second model introduces a splitting operator method which solves separately and successively convective, dispersive and kinetic parts of each equation
Dura, Julien. "Etude et modélisation des phénomènes physiques émergents pour la simulation de dispositifs électroniques à base de nanofils de silicium." Phd thesis, Aix-Marseille Université, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00764112.
Full textDurantin, Cédric. "Métamodélisation et optimisation de dispositifs photoniques." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AZUR4036/document.
Full textNumerical simulation is widely employed in engineering to study the behavior of a device and optimize its design. Nevertheless, each computation is often time consuming and, during an optimization sequence, the simulation code is evaluated a large number of times. An interesting way to reduce the computational burden is to build a metamodel (or surrogate model) of the simulation code. Adaptive strategies are then set up for the optimization of the component using the metamodel prediction. In the context of this thesis, three representative devices are identified for applications that can be encountered within the CEA LETI optics and photonics department. The study of these cases resulted in two problems to be treated. The first one concerns multifidelity metamodeling, which consists of constructing a metamodel from two simulations of the same component that can be hierarchically ranked in accuracy. The simulations are obtained from different approximations of the physical phenomenon. The work on this method for the case of the photoacoustic cell has generated the development of a new multifidelity surrogate model based on radial basis function. The second problem relate to the consideration of manufacturing uncertainties in the design of photonic devices. Taking into account the differences observed between the desired geometry and the geometry obtained in manufacturing for the optimization of the component efficiency requires the development of a particular method for the case of the adiabatic coupler. The entire work of this thesis is capitalized in a software toolbox
Golovanov, Cristian. "Développement de formulations éléments finis 3D en potentiel vecteur magnétique : application à la simulation de dispositifs électromagnétiques en mouvement." Grenoble INPG, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPG0133.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to develop adapted numerical methods to model 3D electromagnetic equations coupled with electric circuit equations and with the displacement of moving parts, applied to the electric rotating machines. The formulation use as the principal unknown the non-gauged magnetic vector potential, interpolated with the edge elements. The compatibility of the formulation is ensured by the representation of the source CUITent density with the help of an electric vector potential. The electric circuit is analysed using the method of time integrated electric potentials and the direct coupling of the magnetic and electric systems. The connection between the moving mesh and the stationary mesh is realised by an original interpolation method. Specific numerical methods for the integration of the frrst order temporal system using an stepby- step algorithm and different techniques of system resolution were also developed. AlI these developments were validated on a switched reluctance motor
Dai, Zheng. "Actionneurs piézo-électriques dans des interfaces homme-machine à retour d'effort." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL10007.
Full textThis research work is interested in the use of travelling wave ultrasonic motor within the framework of a context of force feedback as an alternative choice with regard to the electromagnetic motor which is often used in the haptic domain. So, from a study on the dynamic and mechanical characteristics of the motor USR30, we proposed a global model in GIC who takes into account the intrinsic not linear phenomena in the motor. By inverting this model of GIC, we manage to validate two types of control in force feedback; finally, by presenting the experimental results based of the platform of 1ddl of digitracker, the realization of a virtual environment which includes a virtual spring and a virtual wall becomes possible
Korecki, Julien. "Contribution à la modélisation 3D des systèmes électromagnétiques basse fréquence à l'aide de la méthode d'intégration finie (FIT)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL10035.
Full textTo solve numerically the mechanics, thermals and magnetodynamics problems, the finite element method is the most used. In electrical engineering, this method allows the simulation of electromagnetic devices with a great accuracy. However, in spite of growing capacity of the computers, the studied models become more and more complicated. From an industrial point of view, these computation times are not acceptable. Therefore, a fast and reliable numerical tool is necessary. The developments realized during this thesis concern an alternative method, the finite integration technique. This method allows finding a compromise between computation times and accuracy. For the cases of electrokinetics, magnetostatics and magnetodynamics, simulations using FIT proved that results are accurate. Mathematical tools used to impose the electric and magnetic quantities
Boilevin-Kayl, Ludovic. "Modeling and numerical simulation of implantable cardiovascular devices." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS039.
Full textThis thesis, taking place in the context of the Mivana project, is devoted to the modeling and to the numerical simulation of implantable cardiovascular devices. This project is led by the start-up companies Kephalios and Epygon, conceptors of minimally invasive surgical solutions for the treatment of mitral regurgitation. The design and the simulation of such devices call for efficient and accurate numerical methods able to correctly compute cardiac hemodynamics. This is the main purpose of this thesis. In the first part, we describe the cardiovascular system and the cardiac valves before presenting some standard material for the mathematical modeling of cardiac hemodynamics. Based on the degree of complexity adopted for the modeling of the valve leaflets, two approaches are identified: the resistive immersed surfaces model and the complete fluidstructure interaction model. In the second part, we investigate the first approach which consists in combining a reduced modeling of the valves dynamics with a kinematic uncoupling of cardiac hemodynamics and electromechanics. We enhance it with external physiological data for the correct simulation of isovolumetric phases, cornerstones of the heartbeat, resulting in a relatively accurate model which avoids the complexity of fully coupled problems. Then, a series of numerical tests on 3D physiological geometries, involving mitral regurgitation and several configurations of immersed valves, illustrates the performance of the proposed model. In the third and final part, complete fluid-structure interaction models are considered. This type of modeling is necessary when investigating more complex problems where the previous approach is no longer satisfactory, such as mitral valve prolapse or the closing of a mechanical valve. From the numerical point of view, the development of accurate and efficient methods is mandatory to be able to compute such physiological cases. We then consider a complete numerical study in which several unfitted meshes methods are compared. Next, we present a new explicit coupling scheme in the context of the fictitious domain method for which the unconditional stability in the energy norm is proved. Several 2D numerical examples are provided to illustrate the properties and the performance of this scheme. Last, this method is finally used for 2D and 3D numerical simulation of implantable cardiovascular devices in a complete fluid-structure interaction framework
Golovanov, Cristian. "Développement de formulations éléments finis 3D en potentiel vecteur magnétique : application à la simulation de dispositifs électromagnétiques en mouvement." Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 1997. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00904770.
Full textBernard, François-Xavier. "L'impact cognitif des dispositifs médiatiques sur les enfants d'âge préscolaire en situation d'apprentissage avec un adulte : étude d'un cas de simulateur informatique dans le contexte d'une exposition scientifique." Phd thesis, Paris 5, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00258740/en/.
Full textLounnaci, Kamel. "Analyse quantitative de processus d'atomisation : application à l'injection Diesel automobile." Rouen, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ROUES006.
Full textCar manufacturers are facing many constraints, both economic and ecological. Therefore, the development of automobile engines must satisfy a will to reduce fuel consumption and emission of pollutants. This reduction requires a very fine atomization control, which is the first step in any process of liquid combustion. Indeed, understanding of fuel injection parameters is an essential link to the optimization of the combustion process. This work, applied to the high-pressure Diesel injection, offers analysis methods able to characterize the atomization behavior by introducing relevant quantitative variables. The principle of this approach is to examine a set of images, resolved in space and time to determine the characteristics of the jet near injection outlet. The extreme conditions of the diesel injection justifies the need to use sophisticated optical techniques, ultra-fast shadowgraphy coupled with a double pulse femtosecond laser source. Main features extracted are: the morphology of the jet at different spatial scales, the efficiency of atomization, the deformation of the liquid/gas interface and the liquid velocity structures. These quantities are then used as tools of comparison between simulations and experiments
Petrichenko, Dmitry. "Contribution à la modélisation et à la conception optimale des turbo-alternateurs de faible puissance." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lille, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00346766.
Full textParent, Guillaume. "Mise en œuvre d'une technique de projection de grandeurs discrètes : applications aux couplages magnétothermique et magnétomécanique." Thesis, Lille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LIL10094/document.
Full textTo study electromagnetic, mechanical or thermal systems, numerical modelling is more and more used. Generally, to numerically solve the mathematical models, the finite element method is used. ln the case of multi-physical coupling, the properties of each of the studied quantities imply the use of a common meshing which is mostly important in terms of number of elements. The aim of this work is to propound and use a projection method for discrete quantities allowing using dedicated meshes for each phenomenon. ln the first chapter, the mathematical models describing the electromagnetic, thermal and mechanical phenomena, as well as the discretization spaces of each unknown are exposed. ln the second chapter, the projection method is presented through a geometrical interpretation of the finite element method, and then is developed in a general way and for every physical phenomenon. Academicals examples are also modelled to validate the method. Finally, in the third chapter, the projection method is used for the modelling of electromagnetic systems in the case of magnetothermal and magnetomechanical couplings
Dai, Zheng. "Actionneurs piézo-électriques dans des interfaces homme-machine à retour d'effort." Thesis, Lille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL10007/document.
Full textThis research work is interested in the use of travelling wave ultrasonic motor within the framework of a context of force feedback as an alternative choice with regard to the electromagnetic motor which is often used in the haptic domain. So, from a study on the dynamic and mechanical characteristics of the motor USR30, we proposed a global model in GIC who takes into account the intrinsic not linear phenomena in the motor. By inverting this model of GIC, we manage to validate two types of control in force feedback; finally, by presenting the experimental results based of the platform of 1ddl of digitracker, the realization of a virtual environment which includes a virtual spring and a virtual wall becomes possible
Defrance, Nicolas. "Caractérisation et modélisation de dispositifs de la filière nitrure pour la conception de circuits intégrés de puissance hyperfréquences." Lille 1, 2007. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2007/50376-2007-Defrance.pdf.
Full textKorecki, Julien. "Contribution à la modélisation 3D des systèmes électromagnétiques basse fréquence à l'aide de la méthode d'intégration finie (FIT)." Thesis, Lille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL10035/document.
Full textTo solve numerically the mechanics, thermals and magnetodynamics problems, the finite element method is the most used. In electrical engineering, this method allows the simulation of electromagnetic devices with a great accuracy. However, in spite of growing capacity of the computers, the studied models become more and more complicated. From an industrial point of view, these computation times are not acceptable. Therefore, a fast and reliable numerical tool is necessary. The developments realized during this thesis concern an alternative method, the finite integration technique. This method allows finding a compromise between computation times and accuracy. For the cases of electrokinetics, magnetostatics and magnetodynamics, simulations using FIT proved that results are accurate. Mathematical tools used to impose the electric and magnetic quantities
Sturma, Magali. "Modélisation par éléments finis des dispositifs pour la spintronique : couplage auto-cohérent des équations du micromagnétisme et du transport dépendant du spin." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAY032/document.
Full textIn the context of spintronics this thesis studies the mutual interaction between a spin polarised current and the magnetization of magnetic structures. During this work, the diffusive spin transport equations were coupled in a self-consistent manner with the magnetization dynamics equations in the micromagnetic approach in our homemade finite element code. This numerical tool applied to the study of domain walls dynamics in different geometries under the action of spin polarized current highlighted several new phenomena related to the mutual interaction between the magnetization and the spins of electrons. For rectangular cross section stripes, the impact of this interaction, usually neglected in simplified models, is quantified by the computation of the domain wall velocity and the Walker critical current. These quantities were studied as a function of the domain wall width, the applied current, and the spin polarised transport characteristic lengths. Increasing the non-adiabatic parameter of the system related to the increase in the magnetization gradient and a strong non-locality of the coupled model was demonstrated. For circular cross section wires with a modulated diameter, an additional contribution to the non-adiabaticity of the system related to the confined geometry is highlighted. Then the different dynamic regimes and domain wall unpinning conditions are characterised according to the constriction size
Aguado, Pablo. "Etude numérique de l’impact de la géométrie de la buse de l’injecteur sur l’écoulement à l’intérieur de la buse et l’atomisation primaire." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLC028/document.
Full textNumerical study of nozzle flow and primary breakup in Diesel injection is conducted in order to understand the link between injector geometry and fuel atomization. Owing to the complex physical processes involved, flow compressibility effects are studied separately from turbulence and vortex dynamics.In a first part, a 5-Equation model for two-phase, two-species flows is developed and implemented in the IFP-C3D code to analyze the flow behavior under compressibility effects. It is intended for liquid-gas mixtures where the gas phase is composed of two species, vapor and noncondensable gas. The model is validated against three well-known test cases and is applied to a single hole injector. The results are compared with available experimental and numerical data, showing that it is able to successfully predict vapor formation and air expansion. In a second part, the impact of nozzle geometry on turbulence generation, vortex dynamics and primary breakup is studied assuming incompressible flow. Large-Eddy Simulation is used to simulate the flow inside the nozzle and close to its exit.The investigation strategy consists of comparing different geometries with contrasting design parameters. The results show that fuel atomization in the primary breakup region is driven by a high frequency event triggered by shed vortices, and a low frequency event caused by large string vortices. The complex interaction between them determines the breakup pattern, the spray stability and the size of ligaments and droplets. In view of the results, it is concluded that acting on these two structures makes it possible to control the dynamics of the spray to some extent