To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Disposal.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Disposal'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Disposal.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Benson, Margaret. "Disposal of thermosetting plastics." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.310518.
Full text
2
Hai, Qu, Sun PiaoYi, and Li Xiang. "Waste disposal and renewable resources." Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för hälsa och samhälle, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-10871.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose/aim: The purpose of this dissertation is to find out the effect of waste disposal on environment and to explore the effect of renewable resources on economy. We use some data to test and verify the existence of effects. Design/methodology/approach: We use our questionnaires to collect data, and analyze the data in statistical tests. We use case studies to find examples to verify the significance of waste classification and renewable resources as well as the problems in main cities of China. Findings: The analysis shows that we need to focus on waste classification education, if we want to apply it in real life. The best way to use renewable resource more widely is to aquire government support. If we can carry out waste classification better, we can make use of more renewable resources. Originality/value: The value of this paper is that we prove that using waste classification and renewable resource can increase economic growth rate and protect the environment. It is also important because economic growth brings about the reduction of environment quality. When the environment quality decreases, the economic level will also decrease.
3
Oktay, Deniz M. Eng Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Object discovery via layer disposal." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/119538.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis: M. Eng., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2017.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 51-54).
A key limitation of semantic image segmentation approaches is that they require large amounts of densely labeled training data. In this thesis, we introduce a method to learn to segment images with unlabeled data. The intuition behind the approach is that removing objects from images will yield natural images, however removing random patches will yield unnatural images. We capitalize on this signal to develop an auto-encoder that decomposes an image into layers, and when all layers are combined, it reconstructs the input image. However, when a layer is removed, the model learns to produce a different image that still looks natural to an adversary, which is possible by removing objects. Experiments and visualizations suggest that this model automatically learns to segment objects in images better than baselines. Some parts of this thesis represent joint work with Dr. Carl Vondrick and Professor Antonio Torralba.
by Deniz Oktay.
M. Eng.
4
Thomas, Roger Henri. "Factors influencing household hazardous waste disposal." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0034/MQ27067.pdf.
Full text
5
Smith, Matthew Bede. "Retention and Disposal of Engineering data." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Engineering Management, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/8938.
Full textAbstract:
This project aims to identify data usage, look into the establishment of data management techniques and provide guidance for staff as to efficient storage measures. The project provides recommendations for a robust policy framework to offer engineering departments guidance on the principles behind information management. There is to be the identification of potential categorises and associated retention times. Categorisation will assist in giving data a retention time and increase the efficiency of accessing data.
The main drivers for this project include $5million spent over three years on the storage of electronic information and the difficulties associated with finding information in high volume storage systems. These issues are increasing exponentially as Beca grows and as the size and quantity of CAD, photos and videos files increases.
6
Leung, Kin-keung Kenneth, and 梁健強. "Management and disposal of clinical waste." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31253775.
Full text
7
Nilsson, Jens, and Johan Nilsson. "Reactor disposal evaluation at Sol Voltaics." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Kommunikations- och transportsystem, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-125478.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this project was to map the current method for decommissioning / disposing of the Nano-wire reactor at Sol Voltaics. Additionally, alternatives should be suggested based on the findings during the mapping processes and the subsequent analysis. The aim of the presented alternatives was to improve the current workflow for reactor decommissioning based on five identified areas; Rules and Regulations; Environmental aspects; Safety aspects; Economical aspects and Logistical aspects. The existing disposal procedure was divided into six steps. The first step involves a purging procedure to make sure no hazardous gases remain in the reactor. The second step is to dismantle and seal the reactor. The third step is to move the reactor to a loading dock. The fourth step is the transport between Active Biotech in Lund and Sydblästring AB in Malmö. The fifth step is the disassembly and cleaning process of the reactor parts, including waste management. The sixth and final step is to move the cleaned parts to SYSAV in Malmö for final disposal. Finally, Rules and Regulations as well as Safety aspects were identified as having partial improvement potential. Ideas for possible alternatives in these areas was devised and analyzed according to all five areas to make sure that the improvements in one area would not bring undesirable shortcomings in another.
8
Mess, Harold. "Sewage sludge disposal constraints and opportunities." Thesis, Aston University, 1985. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/15168/.
Full text
9
Davison, Nigel. "The geochemistry of radioactive waste disposal." Thesis, Aston University, 1987. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/9698/.
Full textAbstract:
The present study attempted to identify the significant parameters which affect radionuclide migration from a low level radioactive waste disposal site located in a clay deposit. From initial sorption studies on smectite minerals, increased Kd with decreasing initial cation concentration was observed, and three sorption mechanisms were identified. The observation of anion dependent sorption was related to the existence of a mechanism in which an anion-cation pair are bound to the clay surface through the anion. The influence of competing cations, typical of inorganic groundwater constituents, depended on: (1) Ni/Co:Mn+(Mn+ = competing cation) ratio, (2) nature of M^n+, (3) total solution ionic strength. The presence of organic material in groundwater is well documented, but its effect on cation sorption has not been established. An initial qualitative investigation involving addition of simple organic ligands to Ni(Co)-hectorite samples demonstrated the formation of metal complexes in the clay interlayers, although some modified behaviour was observed. Further quantitative examination involving likely groundwater organic constituents and more comprehensive physical investigation confirmed this behaviour and enabled separation of the organic compounds used into two classes, according to their effect on cation sorption; (i) acids, (ii) amine compounds. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and Mossbauer spectroscopy were used to investigate the nature of transition metal ions sorbed onto montmorillonite and hectorite. Evidence strongly favoured the sorption of the hexaaquo cation, although a series of sorption sites of slightly different chemical characteristics were responsible for broadened peak widths observed in XPS and Mossbauer investigations. The surface sensitivity of XPS enabled recognition of the two surface sorption sites proposed in earlier sorption studies. Although thermal treatment of Fe^3+/Fe^2+-hectorite samples left iron atoms bonded to the silicate sheet structure, Mossbauer evidence indicated the presence of both ferric and ferrous iron in all samples.
10
Leung, Kin-keung Kenneth. "Management and disposal of clinical waste /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B18733992.
Full text
11
Lau, Chor-to. "Evaluation of the strategic sewage disposal scheme for Hong Kong /." [Hong Kong] : University of Hong Kong, 1994. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13813766.
Full text
12
Qiu, Yunxin. "Optimum deposition for sub-aerial tailings disposal." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0008/NQ59656.pdf.
Full text
13
Chapman, Jeanette. "Land disposal of winery and distillery wastewaters /." Title page, contents and summary only, 1995. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phc4658.pdf.
Full text
14
Shaw, Darrel. "Deconstruction and disposal of offshore platform topsides." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.613429.
Full textAbstract:
Since the aborted dumping of the Brent Spar in the North East Atlantic in 1995 and subsequent legislation requiring both total removal of platforms and banning of disposal at sea by OSPAR in 1998, operators of offshore platforms have been left with substantially increased decommissioning liabilities. The desire to reduce these liabilities has required the offshore industry to develop new, more cost effective technology for platform removal. The author's sponsoring company, Reverse Engineering Limited (REL), has been involved with the development and engineering of a new technology, the Versatruss System. This system has been used for lifts up to 1,350 short-tons in the Gulf of Mexico and can potentially remove large topsides in one piece, thus allowing the possibility of their reuse. As such, this system provides an ideal opportunity for competitive technology development in the North Sea. This thesis therefore focuses on the development of the Versatruss System for use in decommissioning projects in the North Sea environment. Both a conceptual design methodology and a high level operating procedure for North Sea application are presented. Outline frameworks for the planning, management and execution of the onshore deconstruction and disposal phase of platform decommissioning projects have also been developed by the author. In order to provide a balanced assessment of this technology, procedures for comparing the Health, Safety and Environmental (HSE) impacts of the Versatruss System with established removal and disposal techniques, along with worked examples, are also presented. Various economic models covering all phases of the decommissioning operation have been developed by the author over the period of the project. These models include for the decommissioning, removal and disposal of individual or groups of platforms by both established and new technologies. These models are presented within. A preliminary marketing analysis and recommendations for the development of a formal marketing strategy for Versatruss have also been developed. This work has shown that Versatruss can offer a potential alternative to traditional platform removal techniques. Recommendations for further development are not only confined to design and engineering, but also to the organisation for the commercial exploitation of the Versatruss technology.
15
Shadras, Mohammad Reza. "Solid waste disposal in eastern Mediterranean countries." Thesis, London South Bank University, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.332217.
Full text
16
Junin, Radzuan bin. "Downhole disposal of oil-rig drill cuttings." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.339712.
Full text
17
Rezaee, Mohammad. "SUSTAINABLE DISPOSAL OF COAL PROCESSING WASTE STREAMS." UKnowledge, 2015. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/mng_etds/26.
Full textAbstract:
Modern coal preparation facilities incorporate a wide array of solid-solid and solid-liquid separation processes for rejecting mineral matter to meet market specifications. The coarse mineral matter is typically placed into engineered refuse piles whereas the fine refuse is either stored in impoundments or co-disposed with the coarse refuse. The discharge water from the refuse material represents an environmental concern due to the potential release of trace elements, and the subsequent elevation of total dissolved solids and conductivity. The research findings reported in this dissertation addresses sustainable coal processing waste disposal through using strategies aimed at minimizing the environmental impacts. To provide an accurate and inexpensive method to assess the potential environmental effects of a given waste material, a conductivity screening-level test was modified to incorporate the impact of particle surface area. The test was used on various waste streams as well as the particle size and density fractions of each waste stream to identify environmentally sensitive components that can be separated from the bulk and isolated to prevent negative environmental impacts. The results were subsequently evaluated for long term mobility of trace elements under different disposal scenarios: (i) static leaching tests designed to simulate the quiescent conditions in a stable impoundment, and (ii) a dynamic test to simulate waste materials exposed to the atmosphere in variable wet/dry storage conditions. The results indicated that liberating, separating and isolating the highest density fractions (>2.68 SG) which represents less than 5% of the coal refuse materials results in significant abatement of total dissolved solids and conductivity. Required modifications of the coal processing plants were suggested to segregate and subsequently isolate the environmentally sensitive fractions from the remaining refuse material.
18
Bernarducci, Breanna, and Shepin Chen. "Patient Reported Medication Disposal Behaviors and Perceptions." The University of Arizona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/623580.
Full textAbstract:
Class of 2011 AbstractOBJECTIVES: To determine whether perceptions of drug disposal among patients are driven by environmental concerns or medication diversion, to determine the preferred method of medication disposal, and to identify related demographic characteristics. METHODS: This was a descriptive cross sectional study. The primary dependent variable is patients' perception of medication disposal. The secondary dependent variables include the impact of income and the preferred method of disposal. Demographic variables include age, medication use, education level, gender, and average household income. RESULTS: The paper survey was completed by 86 patients. Overall, study participants were more concerned with environmental concerns (69.6%, p<0.001) rather than with medication diversion (11.4%) or convenience (19.0%). In the disposal of medications, study participants preferred dropping off medications at a pharmacy (43.8%, p<0.001) to disposing medications at a secure drop off point (17.2%) , crushing medications into coffee grounds (28.9%), or mailing medications to a secure federal collection site (10.2%). Income level of the participants had no impact on their perception of drug disposal or preferred method of medication disposal. CONCLUSION: Patients' perception of drug disposal is more related to environmental concerns than with medication diversion or convenience. Patients' preferred method of medication disposal was pharmacy drop-off as opposed to driving to a secure medication drop off point, crushing medications into coffee grounds, or mailing medications to a secure federal site.
19
Hon, Chi-keung. "Provision of sewage services : a case study of the trading fund established in the Drainage Services Department /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B18596320.
Full text
20
Platford, Heather. "Effect of clipping disposal, fertilizer rate and mowing frequency on cool-season turfgrass growth to determine impacts on waste disposal." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ32219.pdf.
Full text
21
Maiden, Benjamin Gaylord. "Geographic implications of public policy : the siting of noxious facilities /." The Ohio State University, 1986. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487266011225094.
Full text
22
Jones, Michael T. "The disposal of spilled oils and sorbent materials." Thesis, Springfield, Va. : : Available from National Technical Information Service, 2001. University of Florida, 2001. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA393129.
Full text
23
Durrant, Adrian Michael. "A computer-aided simulation of hydraulic tailings disposal." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1988. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/28025.
Full textAbstract:
Computer-aided tools appropriate to architecture, engineering and construction have been Summarised, including digital terrain modelling (DTM), computer-aided design and draughting (CADD) and database management systems (DBMS). DTM and CADD techniques have been applied to simulating the hydraulic filling of tailings, or mine waste dams. A relational DBMS was used to structure and manage filling and terrain data relevant to hydraulic tailings disposal at the Wheal Jane mine in Cornwall.
24
Willoughby, Keith Allan. "Modelling assistance for project procurement and disposal decisions." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0006/NQ38514.pdf.
Full text
25
Čepanko, Violeta. "Investigation of fermented waste and technologies of disposal." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2010. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2010~D_20100628_092621-12161.
Full textAbstract:
Object of the work – the fermented solid waste (substrate) and liquid (filtrate) fractions and their technologies of disposal. The key aim of this work is to analyse and evaluate the possibilities of using fermented wastes (sewage sludge, swine and poultry manure, fruit and vegetable waste, and grain) for fertilisation, composting and incineration taking into account their elementary composition and a level of pollution with heavy metals. Carry out an evaluation of gaseous pollutant (NOx) emissions from the process of incineration through the employment of a digital model.Tyrimų objektas – fermentuotų atliekų kietoji (substratas) ir skystoji (filtratas) frakcijos bei jų panaudojimo technologijos. Darbo tikslas – išnagrinėti bei įvertinti fermentuotų atliekų (nuotekų dumblo, kiaulių ir vištų mėšlo, vaisių su daržovėmis bei žliaugto) panaudojimo tręšimui, kompostavimui bei deginimui galimybes atsižvelgiant į jų elementinę sudėtį ir užtaršos lygį sunkiaisiais metalais. Atlikti šių atliekų deginimo proceso metu išsiskiriančių dujinių teršalų (NOx) įvertinimą naudojant skaitinį modelį.
26
Leung, Carolina, and 梁碧芬。. "A review of the 1989 waste disposal plan." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31254329.
Full text
27
Sizer, Calvin Gregory. "Minor actinide waste disposal in deep geological boreholes." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/41595.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Nuclear Science and Engineering, 2006.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 63-65).
The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate a waste canister design suitable for the disposal of vitrified minor actinide waste in deep geological boreholes using conventional oil/gas/geothermal drilling technology. The nature of minor actinide waste was considered, paying particular attention to nuclides whose decay energy and half lives were of relative significance to the minor actinide waste as a whole. Thermal Analysis was performed based on a reference borehole design, by Ian C. Hoag. The strategy of the thermal analysis is aimed at finding peak temperatures within the configuration, paying particular attention to the heat transfer under deep geological conditions in the air gap between the canister and the borehole. A first order economic analysis was made to compare the designed canister emplacement costs to that of intact spent fuel. The results of this analysis show that three minor actinide nuclides dominate heat generation after ten years cooling: Cm-244, Am-241, and Am-243 account for 97.5% of minor actinide decay heat. These three nuclides plus Np-237 account for 99% of the minor actinide mass. The thermal analysis was based on an irretrievable canister design, consisting of a 5 meter long synroc waste form, with minor actinides loaded to 1% wt, an outer radius of 15.8 cm and inner annular radius of 8.5 cm. Filling the annulus with a vitrified technetium and iodine waste form was found to be feasible using a multi-stage emplacement process. This process would only be required for three of the fifty boreholes because technetium and iodine have low heat generations after 10 years cooling. The suggested borehole waste form has a maximum centerline temperature of 349C. The costs of drilling boreholes to meet the demand of 100,000MT of PWR waste are estimated to be 3.5% of the current nuclear waste fund, or about $9.6/kg of original spent fuel.
by Calvin Gregory Sizer.
S.B.
28
Jackson, Neil Angus. "Energy disposal in state to state bimolecular collisions." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/15096.
Full text
29
Диченко, Тетяна Василівна, Татьяна Васильевна Дыченко, Tetiana Vasylivna Dychenko, Мвамба Чивуфа, and Mvamba Chyvufa. "Pollution problems associated with the disposal of plastics." Thesis, Изд-во СумГУ, 2010. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/5347.
Full text
30
Tavsel, Onur Keçeci Emin Faruk. "Mechatronic design of an explosive ordnance disposal robot/." [s.l.]: [s.n.], 2005. http://library.iyte.edu.tr/tezlerengelli/master/makinamuh/T000347.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Master)--İzmir Institute Of Technology, İzmir, 2005.Mechatronic systems, robots, explosive ordnance disposal robot, control in task space. Includes bibliographical references (leaves. 55-56).
31
Leung, Carolina. "A review of the 1989 waste disposal plan /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B21301712.
Full text
32
Chubb, Deborah M. "Exchangeable end effectors for the army Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD) robot." Thesis, This resource online, 1993. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-12162009-020224/.
Full text
33
Kwan, Woon-yin Patrick. "Policy review on domestic waste management in selected places." access abstract and table of contents access full-text, 2007. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/ezdb/dissert.pl?ma-sa-b22107149a.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.A.)--City University of Hong Kong, 2007."A capstone project submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Arts in Public Policy and Management at City University of Hong Kong." Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on Oct. 12, 2007) Includes bibliographical references.
34
Hoag, Christopher Ian. "Canister design for deep borehole disposal of nuclear waste." Thesis, (5 MB), 2006. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA473223.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.S. in Nuclear Science and Engineering)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006."May 2006." Description based on title screen as viewed on June 1, 2010. DTIC Descriptor(s): Boreholes, Radioactive Wastes, Disposal, Canisters, Thermal Properties, USSR, Diameters, Thickness, Stability, Permeability, Environments, Corrosion, Drilling, Flooding, Storage, Reactor Fuels, Nuclear Energy, Barriers, Emplacement, Internal, Fuels, Igneous Rock, Geothermy, Drills, Hazards, Performance (Engineering), Water, Theses, Granite, Steel, Containment (General). Includes bibliographical references (p. 122-125). Also available in print.
35
Grácio, Ricardo. "A valência Explosive Ordnance Disposal na Guarda Nacional Republicana." Master's thesis, Academia Militar. Direção de Ensino, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/8264.
Full textAbstract:
O recurso a engenhos explosivos por parte de organizações terroristas tem constituído um
modus operandi frequente que, pelo seu efeito devastador, representa uma ameaça séria à segurança das pessoas e dos seus bens. Desde o início da campanha revolucionária na Irlanda do Norte em 1970, os meios e métodos utilizados em ataques terroristas sofreram
actualizações constantes, aumentando o seu potencial destruidor. As forças de inactivação de engenhos explosivos devem hoje, mais do que nunca, dispor dos recursos necessários para fazer face a esta ameaça.
O presente Trabalho de Investigação Aplicada aborda as Equipas de Inactivação de Engenhos Explosivos da GNR, visando identificar os factores de desempenho de uma força EOD, compreender a situação actual das equipas ao nível dos seus recursos e analisar o seu modelo de implantação territorial.
O trabalho encontra-se dividido em duas partes que reflectem as diferentes fases da investigação. Na secção teórica definem-se conceitos importantes relacionados com a valência EOD, procede-se a uma descrição do ambiente em que as equipas EOD operam, do seu espectro de actuação e dos factores de desempenho, seguida de uma explicação
sobre a Inactivação de Engenhos Explosivos da GNR. A segunda parte, eminentemente prática, inclui o trabalho de campo desenvolvido, a análise dos resultados obtidos através de entrevistas e inquéritos e, finalmente, as conclusões e recomendações da investigação.
Concluiu-se que o modelo de implantação territorial das equipas não é adequado e que a redução e centralização das equipas constitui uma mais-valia para o seu funcionamento.Abstract The resort to explosive devices in terrorist acts has become a frequent modus operandi, which poses a serious threat to people and their properties. Since the haunting days of the revolutionary campaign in Northern Ireland in 1970, the means and methods used in terrorist acts have undergone major developments not only in complexity but also in its havoc potential. Nowadays, EOD teams must possess the necessary resources to face this menace. This applied research makes an approach to the GNR EOD teams, in order to identify the important performance factors in EOD teams, to perceive the team’s current situation regarding its resources and an analysis of the current territorial implantation model in order to determine if it is adequate. The work is organized in two parts, which reflect the different stages of the investigation. The theoretic section defines important EOD related concepts and provides a description of the environment in which EOD teams operate, their mission details and an identification of its most important performance factors followed by a presentation about the GNR’s EOD service. The second part is mainly practical and comprises the fieldwork developed, an analysis of the results obtained through interviews and enquiries and, finally, the conclusions and recommendations of the investigation. The investigation revealed that the current team organization model is not adequate and that the reduction and centralization represent an added value to the EOD’s team performance.
36
Zapf-Gilje, Reidar. "Treatment and disposal of secondary sewage effluent through snowmaking." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26034.
Full textAbstract:
When secondary sewage effluent is converted to snow, the nutrients and residual organics become concentrated in the early meltwater discharge through melt-freeze processes within the snow-pack. The early season melt comes off relatively slowly. Providing the soil can absorb the early melt, the bulk of the nutrients will be removed even if later season melt rates exceeds the soil's infil-trability. This could provide an inexpensive method for nutrient removal from secondary sewage effluents.
Laboratory experiments showed that the degree of impurity concentration was largely independent of the number of diurnal melt-freeze cycles, snow depth, snow temperature and initial concentration of impurity in the snow. As a result, the removal of impurities from a snowpack can be expressed in terms of the cumulative melt discharge. A simple exponential decay process was found to describe the impurity removal well for most cases. The first 20% of the melt removed, on the average, 65% of the phosphorus and 86% of the nitrogen from snow made from sewage effluent; and 92% of the potassium chloride from snow made from potassium chloride solution. Stripping of ammonia during snow production and melting increased the overall nitrogen removal to about 90%. A field investigation of salt movement through a natural snowpack confirmed the laboratory results.Applied Science, Faculty of
Civil Engineering, Department of
Graduate
37
Taiyabi, Asif A. "A multi-attribute analysis of nuclear waste disposal alternatives." Master's thesis, This resource online, 1991. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-02022010-020127/.
Full text
38
Saad, Bassam. "Transient coupled analysis of upstream tailings disposal facilities construction." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=115873.
Full textAbstract:
Extremely huge quantities of mined ore materials are processed annually to obtain the various types of minerals being the barebones of industry. Impounding the waste materials (tailings) of the mined minerals behind a raised embankment is the major and most common method used for the disposal of theses materials. Due to its execution simplicity and low cost, the upstream raising method has been the most common method used for retaining the disposed tailings in spite of being the most failure-vulnerable one. The sophisticated hydromechanocal behavior of the upstream tailings disposal facilities (UTDFs) during the staged construction makes the traditional approaches of consolidation, stability, and seepage analyses inefficient for producing accurate and, in many situations, correct design and evaluation of the UTDFs. The major objective of this thesis is to propose a thorough procedure for realistically evaluating the hydromechanical response of the UTDFs during their staged construction. The procedure incorporates a numerical model that reflects the combination of important realistic features of the UTDFs, namely (i) the partially saturated flow characteristics under the transient state dominating the facility throughout its operation/construction life; (ii) the two dimensional consolidation response of the facility components under both the partially and fully saturated cases considering (a) the full coupled response between the fluid and the solid phases and (b) the large deformation-nature of the tailings; as well as (iii) the appropriate mechanical behavior of the facility materials including a model that can detect the inception of liquefaction in the liquefaction-susceptible zones of the facility. The influences of a number of operational/construction measures that have been reportedly critical for the stability of the UTDFs are investigated in the light of the proposed model. Moreover, the inappropriateness of the traditional approaches for realistically evaluating the UTDF hydromechanical response during its staged construction is substantiated in the analyses carried out in this work.The conclusions and recommendations drawn from this thesis are paramount not only for the feasibility, preliminary design and risk assessment studies of the UTDF during its operation/construction life but also for the on going analytical investigations and monitoring/instrumentations plans carried out throughout such life.
39
McKeown, Christopher. "A model approach to radioactive waste disposal at Sellafield." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1997. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/2588/.
Full textAbstract:
Sellafield in West Cumbria is the potential site of a repository for radioactive, Intermediate Level Waste (ILW). The proposed repository lies at 650 m beneath the ground surface to the west of the 1000 m uplands of the Lake District. The fractured Borrowdale Volcanic Group (BVG) host rock is overlain by a sequence of Carboniferous and Permo-Triassic sediments. Fresh, saline and brine groundwaters exist in the subsurface. Upward trending fluid pressure gradients have been measured in the area of the potential repository site. Steady-state, 2-D simulations of fluid flow were undertaken with the OILGEN code. Topographically driven flow dominates the regional hydrogeology. Subsurface fluid flow trended persistently upwards through the potential repository site. The dense brines to the west of the site promoted upward deflection of groundwaters. The groundwater flow rate through the potential repository site was dependent upon the hydraulic conductivity of the BVG. Calibration of the model was achieved by matching simulated subsurface pressures to those measured in-situ. Emergent repository fluids could reach the surface in 15,000 years. The measured BVG hydraulic conductivity is up to 1000 times too high to be simply declared safe. Geochemical simulations, with Geochemist's Workbench?, showed natural BVG groundwaters display redox disequilibrium. The in-situ Eh is most probably +66 mV. Pyrite, absent from rock fractures, would not enforce a reducing -250 mV Eh. Steel barrels and alkaline cement are intended to geochemically retain 2.5x106 kg of uranium. Simulations of repository cement/BVG groundwater interactions produced pH 10 at 80°C but no change in the +66 mV Eh. Steel barrel interactions produced an alkaline fluid with Eh -500 mV. Uranium solubility in the high pH repository near field was as high as 10-2.7 M, regardless of steel interactions. Uranium solubility adjacent to the repository (pseudo near field) was controlled by Eh; ranging from 10-13 M in the presence of steel, to 10-2.7 M with no steel. Uranium retention is controlled only by steel barrel durability. Oxidising, natural BVG groundwater will enhance steel barrel destruction. Distant from repository (far field) uranium solubility was 10-5.4 M if Eh was as measured in-situ. Thermodynamic data variations affect the calculation of uranium solubility; uranium near field solubility can be as high as 10-1.4 M. Uranium solubilities in near-field high pH groundwater could be more than 600 times greater than the 10-5.5 M used by the UK Nirex Ltd. in their safety case simulations.
40
Hooper, Jonathan Nigel. "A knowledge based system for strategic sludge disposal planning." Thesis, Cardiff University, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.262163.
Full text
41
West, J. M. "Geomicrobiological aspects of the deep disposal of radioactive waste." Thesis, Edinburgh Napier University, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.379139.
Full text
42
Jones, Amanda Elizabeth. "The gastrointestinal handling and metabolic disposal of dietary lipid." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.242191.
Full text
43
Poon, C. S. "Cement-based stabilisation and solidification techniques for hazardous disposal." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/37818.
Full text
44
Hoag, Christopher Ian. "Canister design for deep borehole disposal of nuclear waste." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/41269.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Nuclear Science and Engineering, June 2006.Includes bibliographical references (p. 122-125).
The objective of this thesis was to design a canister for the disposal of spent nuclear fuel and other high-level waste in deep borehole repositories using currently available and proven oil, gas, and geothermal drilling technology. The canister is suitable for disposal of various waste forms, such as fuel assemblies and vitrified waste. The design addresses real and perceived hazards of transporting and placing high-level waste, in the form of spent reactor fuel, into a deep igneous rock environment with particular emphasis on thermal performance. The proposed boreholes are 3 to 5 km deep, in igneous rock such as granite. The rock must be in a geologically stable area from a volcanic and tectonic standpoint, and it should have low permeability, as shown in recent data taken from a Russian deep borehole. Although deep granite should remain dry, water in flooded boreholes is expected to be reducing, but potentially corrosive to steel. However, the granite and plug are the containment barrier, not the canister itself. The canisters use standard oil drilling casings. The inner diameter is 315.32mm in order to accommodate a PWR assembly with a width of 214mm. At five meters tall, each canister holds one PWR assembly. The canister thickness is 12.19mm, with an outer diameter of 339.7mm. A liner can extend to the bottom of the emplacement zone to aid in retrievability. The liner has an outer diameter of 406.4mm and a thickness of 9.52mm. The standard drill bit used with a liner of this size has an outer diameter of 444.5mm. Sample calculations were performed for a two kilometer deep emplacement zone in a four kilometer deep hole for the conservative case of PWR fuel having a burnup of 60,000 MWd/kg, cooled ten years before emplacement.
(cont.) Tensile and buckling stresses were calculated, and found to be tolerable for a high grade of steel used in the drilling industry. In the thermal analysis, a maximum borehole wall temperature of 2400C is computed from available correlations and used to calculate a maximum canister centerline temperature of 3370C, or 3190C if the hole floods with water. Borehole repository construction costs were calculated to be on the rate of 50 $/kg spent fuel, which is competitive with Yucca Mountain construction costs. Recommendations for future work on the very deep borehole concept are suggested in the areas of thermal analysis, plugging, corrosion of the steel canisters, site selection, and repository economics.
by Christopher Ian Hoag.
S.M.
45
Assadi, Gholam Hossein. "Profile of corporate disposal : evidence from the UK market." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.632634.
Full textAbstract:
Owners wishing to sell their business have a number of alternative exit routes. In a UK context, they may opt for a public sale of their shares either through the London International Stock Exchange, main market or on the AIM. Alternatively, they may choose a private sale route i.e. MBO or trade sale. This study aims to investigate the connection between the financial characteristics of firms and their choice of exit route. In particular company capital structure and valuation measures are used to discriminate between alternative exit routes and explain the rationale and factors for such segmentation in the market for corporate control. This research uses a discriminatory model to classify the preferred type of realisation route for a firm based on its financial characteristics. A classificatory accuracy better than that obtained by chance provides evidence of some segmentation of alternative disposal routes. A further aim is to consider the role of the large corporate finance advisory industry, which obtains large fees for their proficiency in disposal in the correct market. An attempt has therefore been made to see whether particular types of companies are suited to particular markets on the basis of their financial characteristics and whether this corresponds to actual outcome. We also investigate and evaluate the opportunity cost of misclassification both by the models and by the advisors. The results, in general, suggest that size and capital structure emerge as important discriminators. However, growth and working capital management were also found to contribute in discriminating between the suitability of particular companies for given exit routes. Our investigation demonstrates that discriminant (and logistic regression) models can assign cases to particular markets on the basis of financial attributes at above chance frequency and substantial valuation differences between the various markets are evident. Attention is also given to the opportunity costs involved in differences between indicated and chosen exit route. The results show that out-performing as well as under-performing misclassification errors occur and that the status of advisor seems to play a discussible role.
46
Qi, Bing Cui. "The bio-disposal of lignocellulose substances with activated sludge." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52489.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (PhD)--University of Stellenbosch, 2001.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Lignocellulose is the principal form of biomass in the biosphere and therefore the predominant renewable source in the environment. However, owing to the chemical and structural complexity of lignocellulose substrates, the effective and sustainable utilization of lignocellulose wastes is limited. Many environments where lignocellulose residues are ordinarily stored can be highly acidic (e.g. landfills), and under these circumstances biodegradation of the lignocellulose is slow and unhygienic. Owing to the metabolic activities of the micro-organisms, the initially acidified habitats rapidly undergoes self-neutralization. A number of pathogenic bacteria (coliforms and Salmonella sp.) are present during this slow degradation process and it is therefore imperative to improve the efficiency and hygienic effects of the biodegradation of the lignocellulose. Although the fundamentals of biodegradation of lignocellulose have been widely investigated, many issues still need to be resolved in order to develop commercially viable technology for the exploitation of these waste products. For example, owing to the complex, heterogeneous structure of lignocellulose, the degree of solubilization, modification and conversion of the different components are not clear. Likewise, the overall anaerobic degradation of lignocellulose is not understood well as yet. In this study, the emphasis was on the promotion of solid anaerobic digestion of lignocellulose wastes for environmental beneficiation and waste reutilization. The degradation of lignocellulose in landfill environments was first simulated experimentally. Once the microbial populations and the degradation products of the system were characterized, the promotion of anaerobic digestion by use of activated sludge was studied. This included acidogenic fermentation, as well as recovery of the methanogenic phase. Moreover, special attention was given to the further disposal of humic acids or humic acid bearing leachates formed in the digestive system, since these acids pose a major problem in the digestion of the lingocellulose. With ultrasonication, approximately 50% of the lower molecular weight fraction of humic acids could be decomposed into volatile forms, but the higher molecular weight fraction tended to aggregate into a colloidal form, which could only be removed from the system by making use of ultrasonically assisted adsorption on preformed aluminium hydroxide floes. This was followed by an investigation of the microbial degradation of humic acids and the toxicity of these acids to anaerobic consortia. Further experimental work was conducted to optimize the biological and abiological treatment of lignocellulose in an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (DASB) reactor fed with glucose substrate. The humic acids could be partially hydrolysed and decomposed by the acid fermentative consortia of the granules in the DASB reactor. Finally, solid mesothermophilic lignocellulose anaerobic digestive sludge can be viewed as a humus-rich hygienic product that can improve the fertility and water-holding capacity of agricultural soil, nourish plants and immobilize heavy metals in the environment as a bioabsorbent.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Lignosellulose is die hoofbron van biomassa in die biosfeer en is daarom ook die belangrikste hernubare bron in die omgewing. As gevolg van die chemiese en strukturele kompleksiteit van lignosellulose substrate, is die doeltreffende en volhoubare benutting van lignosellulose afval egter beperk. Die suurgehalte van die omgewings waar lignosellulose reste gewoonlik gestoor word, soos opvullingsterreine, kan hoog wees en onder hierdie omstandighede is die biodegradasie van die lignosellulose stadig en onhigiënies. As gevolg van die metaboliese aktiwiteite van die mikro-organismes ondergaan die aanvanklik aangesuurde habitatte vinnig self-neutralisasie. 'n Aantal patogeniese bakterieë (koliforme en Salmonella sp.) is deurgaans gedurende dié stadige natuurlike proses teenwoordig en dit is dus van die grootste belang om die effektiwiteit en die higiëne van die bioafbreking van die lignosellulose-substraat te verhoog. Alhoewel die grondbeginsels van die bioafbreking van lignosellulose reeds wyd ondersoek is, moet verskeie probleme nog opgelos word ten einde kommersieel haalbare tegnologie te ontwikkel vir die ontginning van afvalprodukte. Byvoorbeeld, as gevolg van die komplekse, heterogene struktuur van lignosellulose, is die graad van solubilisering en die modifikasie en omskakeling van verskillende komponente nog onduidelik. Net so word die algehele anaerobiese afbreking van lignosellulose ook nog nie ten volle verstaan nie. In hierdie ondersoek het die klem geval op die bevordering van soliede anaerobiese digestie van lignosellulose afval vir omgewingsverbetering en die benutting van die afval. Die afbreking van lignosellulose in opvullingsterreine is eers eksperimenteel gesimuleer. Nadat die mikrobiese populasies en die afbrekingsprodukte gekarakteriseer is, is die bevordering van anaerobiese digestie deur die gebruik van geaktiveerde slyk bestudeer. Dit het asidogeniese fermentasie ingesluit, sowel as herwinning van die metanogeniese fase. Spesiale aandag is gegee aan die verdere verwerking van humus sure en humussuurbevattende legate wat in die digestiewe stelsel gegenereer is, aangesien die sure probleme veroorsaak het met die vertering van die lignosellulose. Met ultrasoniese straling is nagenoeg 50% van die lae-molekulêre massafraksie van die humussure ontbind in vlugtige vorm, maar die hoë-molekulêre massafraksie het geneig om in 'n kolloïdale vorm te aggregeer, wat slegs uit die stelsel verwyder kon word deur middel van ultrasonies ondersteunde adsorpsie op voorafgevormde aluminiumhidroksiedvlokkies. Dit is gevolg deur 'n ondersoek na die mikrobiese afbreking van humus sure en die toksisiteit van die sure ten opsigte van anaerobiese konsortia. Verdere eksperimentele werk is gedoen ten opsigte van die biologiese en abiologiese behandeling van lignosellulose in 'n opwaartsvloeiende anaerobiese slikkombersreaktor (OASK) gevoer met glukosesubstrate. Die humus sure kon gedeeltelik gehidroliseer en ontbind word deur die suurgistende konsortia van die granules in die OASK reactor. Ten slotte kan die vaste termofiliese-mesofiliese anaerobiese lignosellulose verteringslik ook gesien word as 'n humusryke higiëniese produk wat die vrugbaarheid en die waterhoudende vermoë van landbougrond kan verhoog, plante kan voed en kan funksioneer as bioabsorbeerder van swaarmetale in die omgewing.
47
Hallam, Ricky. "The chemistry of technetium with reference to geological disposal." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2012. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/12570.
Full textAbstract:
The understanding of the chemistry of technetium is of vital importance to the development of a geological disposal facility (GDF) for the storage of radioactive waste in the UK. This has led to the research that has been conducted to produce this thesis. As technetium has a highly mobile anionic species, the pertechnetate TcO4-, in general it is desirable to reduce this species to a sparingly soluble TcO2 species. This thesis includes studies conducted using both Tc(VII) and Tc(IV). Solubility studies have been conducted using Tc concentrations of 10-9, 10-10 and 10-11. These were conducted using ligands that are likely to be present such as Ethylenediaminetriacetic acid (EDTA), Nitriloacetic acid (NTA), picolinic acid, Iso-saccarinic acid (ISA), and an ISA analogue gluconic acid. Ligands were chosen that are likely to be present in Low Level Waste (LLW). They would become present in the GDF as they can be used in cleaning and decontamination proceses. These studies were conducted using electrolysis as a reduction technique both before and in the presence of, the anthropogenic complexing agents mentioned previously. It has been established that when the ligands were added to a technetium solution prior to the reduction process taking place there was an apparent inhibition of the full reduction of technetium in solution. Sorption studies of both oxidised and reduced technetium species have been conducted and the results have shown that there is apparent sorption of oxidised technetium to some of the solids that have been tested as well as technetium in a reduced oxidation state of Tc(IV). Solids that have been tested have been chosen to accommodate a broad sprectrum of solids which may be present in, or in close proximity to, a GDF in the UK. These experiments have been conducted after a review of relevant literature to ascertain the level of, if any, work that has been completed using technetium in a reduced form for both sorption and solubility studies. The methods that have been used involved the development of an electrochemical technique which allowed for the rapid and repeatable reduction of a pertechnetate solution electrochemically rather than using a more complicated system involving either tin or iron as a reducing agent.
48
Mashiane, Mathabo Matopong. "Disposal Practices for Unwanted Medicines from Households in Johannesburg." University of the Western Cape, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6110.
Full textAbstract:
Magister Scientiae - MSc (Pharmacy Administration and Policy Regulation)A mixed research method was used where quantitative research facilitated qualitative research. Three questionnaires were drafted and distributed by email to respondents in the Johannesburg area. One questionnaire was for households. The second questionnaire was targeted at pharmacists who work in community pharmacies. The third questionnaire was aimed at South African Pharmacy Council (SAPC) registered Responsible Pharmacists for community pharmacies. In order to reduce bias the household questionnaire was also distributed as hard copies to access respondents in lower Living Standards Measures. Data analysis was done by using the Survey Monkey data analysis package.
49
Priprem, Sommai. "Black liquor disposal by vortex incineration : a computational approach." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1990. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/843750/.
Full textAbstract:
The important role of black liquor in the pulp and paper industry has, been addressed and a review of conventional and potential alternative technologies has been made. Black liquor combustion properties and its combustion within a conventional recovery boiler, the principle of vortex combustion, and methods of computational fluid dynamics were summarized. In order to use the commercially available computational fluid dynamics package, PHOENICS, to simulate black liquor combustion in a vortex combustor, the black liquor combustion process was simplified and modelled and additional software programs were developed and attached to the commercial package. The developed module is capable of tracking trajectory paths of black liquor particles during combustion. A 250 kW vortex combustor was used for some experimental work. The combustor was first tested with natural gas and kerosene. The - combustion conditions were satisfied and their characteristics were presented. Atomization was the main technical problem in the combustion of black liquor. However, the environmental problem was also severe. The results were presented and discussed. Improvements of the system and further studied were suggested. Selection of a suitable turbulence model was made by comparing experimental data with the simulations from various turbulence models. Prandtl mixing length model gave closer predictions than k-? and k-1 model and therefore, it was used for the entire simulations. Simulations of natural gas combustion in a vortex combustor were made to establish skill and confidence in using the package, PHOENICS, to deal with combustion process. A series of black liquor combustion models were performed afterward using the particle tracking module developed. This led to the suggestion of a potential suitable geometry of a vortex combustor for black liquor incineration. The results were presented and discussed. Further simulation studies are also suggested.
50
Okonkwo, Ihebe Miriam Oluchi. "Disposal of unused medicines from households in Cape Town." University of Western Cape, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7935.
Full textAbstract:
Magister Pharmaceuticae - MPharmEvidence indicates that most South African households do not dispose of unused medicines in the manner prescribed by the medicine’s regulatory authority. This trend is not unique to South Africa, but several developing nations have also lagged. An in-depth understanding of practices of disposal of unused as well as expired medicines is cardinal and critical to the development of an effective programme to reverse the situation. This study aimed to identify factors influencing the disposal practices of household unused and expired medicines, and the role of pharmacists in creating an efficient and robust system for proper disposal of unused medicine from households in the southern suburbs area of Cape Town.