Journal articles: 'Disposal Behaviour'

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Chuah, Soo-Cheng, and JS Keshminder Singh. "Food Waste and Disposal Behaviour among University Students." ADVANCES IN BUSINESS RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL 6, no. 2 (October 31, 2020): 166. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/abrij.v6i2.11465.

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Food waste is a crucial and persistent issue globally. The household food waste phenomenon in Malaysia has emerged as increasingly serious with the rapid rise in its generation by domestic households. This study explored youth behaviour toward food waste and its disposal behaviour among the university students of Faculty Business and Management, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus. Factor analysis was applied to identify the underlying factors of food waste and disposal behaviour, while the independent t-test served to examine gender differences regarding the factors. In particular, Pearson’s Chi-square Test of Independence was applied to examine the association between gender and food waste, food planning, and food recycling behaviors. To this end, a self-administrated questionnaire was used to collect data based on the convenience sampling method in which a sample size of 111 respondents were engaged with. Factor analysis successfully identified three factors as a result, namely food disposal, knowledge of food waste, and involvement in preventing food waste. The independent t-test also revealed significant gender differences among the students on food disposal behavior, whereas no significant gender differences were found with the actors of knowledge of food waste and involvement in preventing food waste. Additionally, there was no association between gender and food recycling, food planning, and food waster behaviours, respectively. As such, these findings can increase student participation and commitment to reducing food waste as it is fast becoming an issue for all.

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Waki, T., M. Nakagami, H. Wada, T. Ooma, O. Kato, and J. Kinugasa. "Corrosion behaviour of waste disposal container in sub-surface disposal system." Corrosion Engineering, Science and Technology 49, no. 6 (July 18, 2014): 503–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/1743278214y.0000000219.

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Bianchi, Constanza, and Grete Birtwistle. "Consumer clothing disposal behaviour: a comparative study." International Journal of Consumer Studies 36, no. 3 (May 31, 2011): 335–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1470-6431.2011.01011.x.

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Teune, Ben, Carl Woods, Alice Sweeting, Mathew Inness, and Sam Robertson. "Evaluating the influence of a constraint manipulation on technical, tactical and physical athlete behaviour." PLOS ONE 17, no. 12 (December 1, 2022): e0278644. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0278644.

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Evaluating practice design is an important component of supporting skill acquisition and improving team-sport performance. Constraint manipulations, including creating a numerical advantage or disadvantage during training, may be implemented by coaches to influence aspects of player or team behaviour. This study presents methods to evaluate the interaction between technical, tactical and physical behaviours of professional Australian Football players during numerical advantage and disadvantage conditions within a small-sided game. During each repetition of the game, team behaviour was manually annotated to determine: repetition duration, disposal speed, total disposals, efficiency, and disposal type. Global Positioning System devices were used to quantify tactical (surface area) and physical (velocity and high intensity running) variables. A rule association and classification tree analysis were undertaken. The top five rules for each constraint manipulation had confidence levels between 73.3% and 100%, which identified the most frequent behaviour interactions. Specifically, four advantage rules involved high surface area and medium high intensity running indicating the attacking team’s frequent movement solution within this constraint. The classification tree included three behaviour metrics: surface area, velocity 1SD and repetition duration, and identified two unique movement solutions for each constraint manipulation. These results may inform if player behaviour is achieving the desired outcomes of a constraint manipulation, which could help practitioners determine the efficacy of a training task. Further, critical constraint values provided by the models may guide practitioners in their ongoing constraint manipulations to facilitate skill acquisition. Sport practitioners can adapt these methods to evaluate constraint manipulations and inform practice design.

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Kalina, Marc, Jonathan Kwangulero, Fathima Ali, and Elizabeth Tilley. "“You need to dispose of them somewhere safe”: Covid-19, masks, and the pit latrine in Malawi and South Africa." PLOS ONE 17, no. 2 (February 22, 2022): e0262741. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0262741.

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The ongoing Covid-19 pandemic has generated an immense amount of potentially infectious waste, primarily face masks, which require rapid and sanitary disposal in order to mitigate the spread of the disease. Yet, within Africa, large segments of the population lack access to reliable municipal solid waste management (SWM) services, both complicating the disposal of hazardous waste, and public health efforts. Drawing on extensive qualitative fieldwork, including 96 semi-structured interviews, across four different low-income communities in Blantyre, Malawi and Durban, South Africa, the purpose of this article is to respond to a qualitative gap on mask disposal behaviours, particularly from within low-income and African contexts. Specifically, our purpose was to understand what behaviours have arisen over the past year, across the two disparate national contexts, and how they have been influenced by individual risk perceptions, established traditional practice, state communication, and other media sources. Findings suggest that the wearing of cloth masks simplifies disposal, as cloth masks can (with washing) be reused continuously. However, in communities where disposable masks are more prevalent, primarily within Blantyre, the pit latrine had been adopted as the most common space for ‘safe’ disposal for a used mask. We argue that this is not a new behaviour, however, and that the pit latrine was already an essential part of many low-income households SWM systems, and that within the Global South, the pit latrine fulfils a valuable and uncounted solid waste management function, in addition to its sanitation role.

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Nencková, Lucie, Iva Pecáková, and Petr Šauer. "Disposal behaviour of Czech consumers towards textile products." Waste Management 106 (April 2020): 71–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2020.03.001.

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Kwak, Minkyung, David F. James, and Katherine A. Klein. "Flow behaviour of tailings paste for surface disposal." International Journal of Mineral Processing 77, no. 3 (November 2005): 139–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.minpro.2005.06.001.

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Nanayakkara, N. W. O. K. D. S. P. "Conceptual Review on Apparel Disposal Behaviour of Consumers." Sri Lanka Journal of Marketing 5, no. 1 (June 30, 2019): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/sljmuok.v5i1.25.

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Laitala, Kirsi. "Consumers' clothing disposal behaviour - a synthesis of research results." International Journal of Consumer Studies 38, no. 5 (September 2014): 444–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ijcs.12088.

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Muskin, P. R., and M. A. Goodwin. "Medical student experience with AIDS and needle disposal behaviour." AIDS Care 6, no. 3 (May 1994): 327–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09540129408258644.

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Gutiérrez, Ester, Belarmino Adenso Díaz, Sebastián Lozano, and Plácido Moreno. "An exploratory study of Spanish households' WEEE disposal behaviour." International Journal of Society Systems Science 3, no. 4 (2011): 385. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijsss.2011.043214.

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Monday, Ilevbare Femi, and Idemudia Erhabor Sunday. "Psychological Factors Influencing Waste Disposal Behaviour Among Residents in Yoruba Speaking Communities of South-Western, Nigeria." Journal of Solid Waste Technology and Management 45, no. 3 (August 1, 2019): 315–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5276/jswtm/2019.315.

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The present study examined the influence of locus of control, environmental attitude and environmental self-efficacy on waste disposal behaviour. The study used primary data. The study population comprised residents in Ife Central, Ibadan Northwest and Lagos Mainland Local Government Areas (LGAs) in South-western, Nigeria. This study sample consisted of 1200 residents comprising 687 males and 513 females selected using a multi-stage sampling procedure. Their ages ranged between 15 to 76 years with a mean average age of 24.49 years (SD = 8.51). Data were collected using the Personal Information Questionnaire (PIQ), Locus of Control Scale (LOCS), Environmental Attitude Scale (EAS), Environmental Self-Efficacy Scale (ESES, and Waste Disposal Behaviour Scale (WDBS)). The results showed that there was a significant influence of locus of control on waste disposal behaviour (F= 6.20, p < 0.05). The results suggest that there was a significant influence of environmental attitude on waste disposal behaviour (F= 5.34, p < 0.05). They also showed a significant influence of environmental self-efficacy on waste disposal behaviour (F = 21.96, p < 0.05). The study concluded that stakeholders who have waste management as their priority should incorporate information from findings to design behavioural intervention that will improve desirable waste management practices. Implications were discussed for environmental practice and policy.

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Siddiqua, Ayisha, Maisa El Gamal, Waheed Kareem Abdul, Lama Mahmoud, and Fares M. Howari. "E-Device Purchase and Disposal Behaviours in the UAE: An Exploratory Study." Sustainability 14, no. 8 (April 17, 2022): 4805. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14084805.

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The United Arab Emirates (UAE) is one of the high-income countries in the Middle Eastern region and is vying for sustainable development in every sector. One of the UAE sustainable development goals is to ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns; hence, the emphasis is on circular economy. UAE is one of largest consumers of e-devices, and their proper disposal is of paramount importance. E-waste disposal awareness leads to better disposal behaviors. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to understand the e-device purchase and disposal behaviour among university communities in the UAE. A survey was conducted among the students and staff members of a federally funded university in the UAE, namely Zayed University, and quantitative methodology was adopted to analyze the collected data. The study found that 47.95% of respondents purchased mobile phones, and 65% of the respondents purchased 1–3 electronic devices every year. Through chi-square test, gender of the respondents was found to be related with e-device ownership. Through the analysis of variance (ANOVA), age and field of specialization were found to affect the knowledge about e-waste. Older and the respondents with science specialization were more aware about e-waste. Most of the respondents disposed e-devices, such as batteries, earphones/headphones, and electronic toys, along with the household trash. A very small percentage of respondents disposed e-devices such as laptops, phones, and tablets with the household trash. Mostly, these were either repaired, donated, or sold to second-hand users. Many respondents were neither aware of the government initiatives on e-waste collection nor participated in government-sponsored e-waste recycling. The study further identified that 67% of the respondents were aware of the toxicity of e-waste, and 61% of the respondents were keen to join e-waste recycling drives at university. The findings of the study imply that the policy makers need to incentivize e-waste-disposal systems and develop targeted awareness approaches to enhance e-waste disposal in the UAE.

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Quarshie, Ama Mbeaba, Samuel Fosu Gyasi, Francis Atta Kuranchie, Esi Awuah, and Eugene Darteh. "Conceptual Behaviour Underpinning the Occurrence of Nonfaecal Matter in Faecal Sludge in Some Urban Communities, Ghana." Journal of Environmental and Public Health 2021 (May 10, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/2672491.

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Faecal sludge (FS) management is pertinent to the achievement of sustainable development goal 6.2 around the world; yet it is constrained by urbanisation challenges, waste management complexities, and defective attitudes. These deny communities of the plausible supply of resources from FS. This paper assesses the perception underpinning the occurrence of nonfaecal matter in FS in Ghana. Primary data were obtained from 400 respondents in four communities in Brong Ahafo and Greater Accra Regions of Ghana, using a structured questionnaire. Data were analysed by using STATA software version 15. Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression were conducted on all independent variables and statistical significance was accepted at p < 0.05 . The study identified the following as the most perceived frequently disposed nonfaecal matter into FS: sanitary pads and diapers (38.5%), fabrics/rags (23.2%), toilet rolls (20.8%), razor/shaving sticks (10.3%), and others (7.2%). Gender, state of toilet facility (roof or unroofed), presence of container for collecting other types of waste in the toilet room, and state of container in toilet room either covered or uncovered were the factors found to be significantly associated with the disposal of solid waste (SW) into FS at 95% confidence level. The fear of exposing used sanitary materials for rituals, the use of fabric as an alternative to toilet rolls, and the desire to conceal aborted pregnancies from the public were some of the reasons alluded to the disposal acts. Education and awareness campaigns on proper SW disposal practices, appropriate use of toilet facilities, and the resource potentials of FS were found to be the best way forward to discourage indiscriminate disposal of SW into FS.

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Geetha, R., and S. Rajalakshmi. "Problem Faced by The Public Due to The Improper Waste Disposal and Behaviour of Waste Disposal." International Journal of Social Sciences and Management 7, no. 2 (April 27, 2020): 70–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijssm.v7i2.28593.

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The solid waste management is not only necessary for maintaining the hygienic environment but in reducing the probable health hazards. The current study deals with the problems faced by the public due to improper waste management and the behaviour in waste disposal. The data used in our study is both primary and the secondary data. Waste cannot be simply thrown away anymore, now it must be managed. Many materials thrown away could be saved by simple things like reusing glass, the municipal landfill could be reduced by almost 10 percent and there are still many advantages to waste management. Today, more people are in favour of companies who invest in “green products”. As a result, companies have removed phosphates, bleaches, and have made their paper products out of recycled papers. The objective of writing this paper is to study the current practices related to the various waste management initiatives taken in India for human wellbeing. The other purpose is to provide some suggestions and recommendations to improve the waste management practices in Indian towns. Int. J. Soc. Sc. Manage. Vol. 7, Issue-2: 70-77

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Raab, Katharina, Ralf Wagner, and Mohammed Salem. "“Feeling the waste” evidence from consumers’ living in Gaza Strip camps." Journal of Consumer Marketing 37, no. 7 (September 15, 2020): 921–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcm-04-2019-3171.

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Purpose This paper aims to quantify the impact of antecedents (frustration, locus of control, spirituality, and religion and attention to social-comparison information) on the intensity of emotional outcomes of consumers’ disposal behaviour. Design/methodology/approach A structural equation model fitted with PLS was used to evaluate data obtained from 323 self-administered questionnaires filled out in a stratified random sample of respondents living in Gaza Strip camps. Findings Spirituality and religion, and attention to social-comparison information have the highest impacts on emotional outcomes related to consumer disposal behaviour. Research limitations/implications Spirituality and religion are seldom considered in previous consumer research, but they turn out to have high relevance for disposal-related emotions. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study investigating disposal-related emotions. Moreover, it is also the first study combining the impact of frustration, locus of control, perceived self-efficacy, spirituality and religion and attention to social-comparison information on emotional outcomes related to consumers’ disposal behaviour.

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Hubaybah Hubaybah, Muhammad Izzan Naser, Fitria Eka Putri, Fajrina Hidayati, and Vinna Rahayu Ningsih. "Investigation on Waste Management Training Effectiveness on Community Behavior in Household Waste to Reduce the Waste Number Into the River in Penawar Village, Kerinci Regency." International Journal Of Health Science 2, no. 2 (August 5, 2022): 60–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.55606/ijhs.v2i2.321.

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Poor waste management can result in chemical exposure and health issues. With a %age of 42.63 %, Kerinci district is the district in Jambi province with the largest number of river trash disposals, while Penawar Village is the village with the highest number of river waste disposals. This study aims to investigate waste management training effectiveness on community behaviour in household waste to reduce the waste number into the river in Penawar village, Kerinci Regency. This research is a quasi-experimental study employing a pretest-posttest design group with a research sample of 46 houses and simple random sampling. The results showed that before the intervention, the majority of housewives' knowledge was lacking (34.8%), the majority attitude was negative (69.6%) and the majority action was poor (71.7%). After the implementation of the Household Waste Management Training, the majority of housewives' knowledge was good (89.1%), positive attitude (100%) and majority action was good (73.9%). Compared before intervention. The application of the training proved to be effective in increasing household waste management behavior with (p) < 0.05. Waste management training effectively enhances the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of housewives in managing home trash to lower the rate of garbage disposal into the river in Penawar Village, Kerinci Regency.

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Craeye, Bart, Geert De Schutter, Hughes Van Humbeeck, and Alain Van Cotthem. "Early age behaviour of concrete supercontainers for radioactive waste disposal." Nuclear Engineering and Design 239, no. 1 (January 2009): 23–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nucengdes.2008.10.006.

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Vines, S., and R. Beard. "An overview of radionuclide behaviour research for the UK geological disposal programme." Mineralogical Magazine 76, no. 8 (December 2012): 3373–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2012.076.8.50.

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AbstractIn the UK, radioactive wastes currently planned for disposal in a geological disposal facility (GDF) are intermediate-level waste, some low-level waste and high-level waste. Disposal of other materials, including spent fuel, separated uranium and separated plutonium are also included in the planning of a GDF, if such materials are classified as wastes in the future. This paper gives an overview of the radionuclide behaviour research studies of the Nuclear Decommissioning Authority Radioactive Waste Management Directorate (NDA RWMD). The NDA RWMD's current understanding of the processes that control radionuclide behaviour in groundwater and how the engineered and natural barriers in a GDF would contain radionuclides is presented. Areas requiring further work are also identified.

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Alshehri, Deemah, and Haneen Banjar. "Increasing Awareness of Proper Disposal of Unused and Expired Medication Using a Knowledge-Based Disposal Management System." Journal of Environmental and Public Health 2022 (February 28, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1797440.

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Medicines are used daily in Saudi Arabian homes. However, when these medicines are no longer needed, most people dispose of them incorrectly, forgetting the harmful impact of improper disposal. Inadequate awareness and knowledge are major reasons for improper disposal. In this study, we create a broad inclusive knowledge base that includes many types of medications available in Saudi homes and provides guidance on how to dispose of them as a means of raising awareness on correct disposal methods and preventing harmful impacts on both the environment and society. The study primarily aims to understand societal behaviour regarding the disposal of unused and expired medications and develop a prototype of a knowledge-based system that helps raise awareness of correct disposal methods for unused and expired medications. The data in the knowledge base are presented in tables that are easy to understand and comprehend, and the recommendations are also easy to apply and practice in everyday life. The results from the survey show that 66.8% of the 310 participants had unneeded medications in their homes, and only 14.9% knew how to dispose of unusable medications, while only 6.5% knew how to dispose of expired medications. Overall, the research studied Saudi society’s behaviour regarding unused and expired medications, and we created a prototype of a knowledge-based system designed to increase awareness of proper disposal and management of unused and expired medications.

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Hassan, Siti Hasnah, Jasmine A. L. Yeap, and Nabil Hasan Al-Kumaim. "Sustainable Fashion Consumption: Advocating Philanthropic and Economic Motives in Clothing Disposal Behaviour." Sustainability 14, no. 3 (February 7, 2022): 1875. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14031875.

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The fast fashion market is becoming popular, escalating and aggravating the throwaway culture phenomenon. Thus, it is valuable to understand the factors that influence sustainable fashion consumption and the clothing disposal pattern among young consumers in developing countries like Malaysia. Data were obtained from the online survey of 324 young adults aged 18 to 35 and were analysed using the Partial Least Square using SmartPLS (v.3.3.3i). The findings indicate that personal norms, social norms and environmental awareness were the key influencing factors of sustainable fashion consumption. Consequently, sustainable fashion consumption exhibited a positive and significant relationship towards philanthropic and economic reasons for clothing disposal behaviour. The insights from this study will assist practitioners, green manufacturers, business owners and policy makers in giving a clearer picture of what motivates sustainable fashion consumption and the clothing disposal behaviour of today’s young adults.

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Cullen, Ross. "Himalayan Mountaineering Expedition Garbage." Environmental Conservation 13, no. 4 (1986): 293–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892900035335.

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Expedition garbage is an unfortunate by-product of Himalayan mountaineering expeditions. High transport costs, lack of concern amongst climbers, and lack of direction by authorities, results in squalid garbage heaps around mountain campsites. Growth in numbers of expeditions, climbers, and trekkers, to the Himalaya necessitates prompt action to prevent despoliation of those areas.Such despoliation of campsites by inadequate treatment or unsatisfactory disposal practices cannot be halted by reliance on improved climber behaviour alone. Host-country authorities must develop and enforce more comprehensive guidelines and policies for garbage disposal than currently prevail. A combination of burning and transport to pits off-site seems likely to be typically the best disposal practice to follow. A combination of change in expedition behaviour, provision of leadership in garbage disposal, and use of environmental protection levies, seems necessary to combat the problem of growing squalor at campsites and expanding desecration of surrounding areas.

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Zahari, Nazirul Mubin, Chua Kok Hua, and Lariyah Mohd Sidek. "Behaviour of Waterworks Alum Sludge for Phosphate Removal." Advanced Materials Research 1113 (July 2015): 764–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1113.764.

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In the agricultural sector, fertilizer and animal waste are main pollutants to water course. Excessive phosphorus in water bodies may increase the growth of algae and aquatic plant in a pond which leads to eutrophication phenomena. Disposal of alum sludge in landfills can lead to contaminant issues thus, researchers are searching for ways to reduce excessive disposal of waste including alum sludge in landfills. This study provides available options in disposing alum sludge. In this study, continuous column tests were conducted with different initial pH and contact initial phosphate concentrations. The Scanning Electron Microscope indicates that rough alum sludge surface will accelerate the phosphate adsorption rate. This result shows that phosphate removal rate is higher in acidic condition but lower in alkaline condition. In wastewater treatment industries, changing wastewater to pH 4 needs a large amount of chemical additive and suggests that the pH 7 ±0.5 is more suitable in wastewater applications.

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Oldecop, Luciano, and Germán Rodari. "Unsaturated mine tailings disposal." Soils and Rocks 44, no. 3 (August 13, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.28927/sr.2021.067421.

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Filtered tailings is the disposal technology that is most likely to yield an unsaturated state of the tailings. Such state has important benefits. A dam to contain the mine wastes is no longer needed, the risk of polluting seepage is minimized, and liquefaction of tailings is prevented. Filtering also allows most of the water mixed with the tailings to be recovered and reused in the process. The resulting material can be handled with traditional soil moving equipment to form a stack, for instance. While the idea is simple, the multiple phenomena involved in the tailings unsaturated disposal make up a complex process. The present work is based on a case study, the Casposo Mine filtered tailings disposal facility, located in the central Andes of Argentina. Throughout ten years of operation, a series of field and laboratory studies have been carried out to characterize the phenomena that intervene in the disposal of filtered tailings. Two stages were studied in detail: air drying upon tailings discharge and tailings compression under the weight of the subsequent lifts of the stack. Flocculant agents were found to have an outstanding influence in the tailings behaviour. Because of the multiple influencing factors, the process outcome (namely, the tailings water content and their void ratio) is highly variable. To deal with such variability, projects must include enough redundancy. In this regard, the case study’s incorporation of waste rock layers interspersed between tailings layers was a successful experience.

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Biran, Adam, Rosie Sanderson, Diana Gonzalez, Hugo Bugoro, Mohammad Kadir, David Gegeo, Jamesford Keboy, et al. "Formative Research Using Settings and Motives to Explore Child Faeces Disposal and Management in Rural Solomon Islands." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 16 (August 9, 2022): 9815. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19169815.

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Unsafe child faeces management can lead to adverse health and wellbeing outcomes for children. In Solomon Islands, diarrhoeal disease is a leading cause of under-5 mortality, though there is limited research into CFM practices and promotion of safe behaviours. The formative research applied a Behaviour-Centred Design framework to investigate the habits, motives and settings related to child faeces management in rural Solomon Islands villages. Data were collected through structured recall demonstrations by caregivers (n = 61), household infrastructure observations (n = 57), semi-structured interviews with caregivers (n = 121) and community leaders (n = 30), focus group discussions (n = 26), and three participatory activities with caregivers. The findings identified a range of CFM-related behaviours, some of which would be considered safe and some, such as outside defecation and disposal to a waterway, as unsafe. Convenience is important in shaping CFM practice and may help health benefits to be achieved without women bearing the cost of an increased work burden. Nurture and disgust may provide the basis for behaviour change communication in SI as they have elsewhere. Critically, the participation in and promotion of safe CFM by fathers in households should be promoted, and motivating such behaviours might be achieved through focus on nurture as a motive.

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Sau, Núria, Enrique Romero, and Hervé Van Baelen. "Coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical behaviour of a deep clay." E3S Web of Conferences 92 (2019): 10001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199210001.

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An experimental study on Ypresian clays –one of the potential deep formations in Belgium for the geological disposal of heat-emitting radioactive waste– was undertaken to systematically study its thermal properties and coupled hydro-mechanical response during fast heating pulse tests. An accurate characterisation of the thermal properties is required for assessing the near-field perturbations around disposal galleries that the sedimentary host rock formation will undergo. A new experimental cell adapted to apply the high in situ stresses and with thermal flux sensors was used to directly measure the thermal conductivity at different sample orientations (heat flux orthogonal and parallel to bedding planes). A clear influence of the degree of saturation – despite being close to saturation – and anisotropic features on thermal conductivity have been detected. The study was complemented by performing fast heating pulse tests under constant volume on a new and fully-instrumented axisymmetric cell. The cell allowed recording the pore pressure build-up and dissipation along a heating pulse and under water-undrained conditions.

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O'Shaughnessy, Vince, and Vinod K. Garga. "Tire-reinforced earthfill. Part 2: Pull-out behaviour and reinforced slope design." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 37, no. 1 (February 1, 2000): 97–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t99-085.

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The disposal of scrap tires has become a major environmental concern. The reuse of scrap tires in the reinforcement of earth structures can provide an attractive solution in reducing the number of used tires disposed in overcrowded landfills. This paper, the second in a series of three papers, discusses the behaviour of slopes reinforced with scrap tires and proposes design recommendations. A mat-reinforced slope can either fail by pull-out of the reinforcement or due to rupture of the attachment tying the tires. A large number of pull-out tests were performed on whole tires and tires with one sidewall removed embedded in sand and cohesive backfill. The pull-out resistance of tire mat reinforcement was primarily governed by the effective shear strength of the soil, and therefore it can provide an efficient means of reinforcement. However, large displacements were required to fully mobilize the ultimate pull-out capacity which must be considered in design.Key words: pull-out tests, scrap tires, reinforced slope, performance, design guidelines.

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Sun, De An, Hai Bo Lv, and Chang Fu Wei. "Swelling Behaviour of GMZ Bentonite." Advanced Materials Research 671-674 (March 2013): 1756–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.671-674.1756.

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Gaomiaozi (GMZ) bentonite has been chosen as a matrix material of buffer/backfill materials in the deep geological disposal to isolate the high level radioactive waste in China. Swelling characteristics of GMZ bentonite and its mixtures with sand wetted with water were studied by experimental methods. The tests result shows that the relation between void ratio and the swelling pressure of compacted GMZ bentonite-sand mixtures at full saturation is independent on the initial conditions such as initial dry density and water content, and dependent on the ratio of bentonite to sand. An empirical equation is proposed to predict the swelling deformation and pressure of the mixtures with different densities and bentonite/sand ratios.

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Hamilton, E. I. "Geochemical behaviour of disposed radioactive waste." Science of The Total Environment 43, no. 1-2 (May 1985): 189. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0048-9697(85)90042-7.

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Ojovan, Michael I. "Challenges in the Long-Term Behaviour of Highly Radioactive Materials." Sustainability 14, no. 4 (February 21, 2022): 2445. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14042445.

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Highly radioactive materials are at the core in many useful applications ranging from operating nuclear reactors (including fast breeder reactors) to vitrified high-level radioactive waste, which is currently stored and awaiting final disposal into dedicated facilities within deep geological formations [...]

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Omotayo, Abiodun Olusola, Abeeb Babatunde Omotoso, Adebola Saidat Daud, Adebayo Isaiah Ogunniyi, and Kehinde Oluseyi Olagunju. "What Drives Households’ Payment for Waste Disposal and Recycling Behaviours? Empirical Evidence from South Africa’s General Household Survey." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 19 (October 1, 2020): 7188. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17197188.

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Safeguarding the environment and its citizens’ health remains one of the key policy priorities of the governments of many developing and emerging countries. Using the 2017 General Household Survey (GHS) dataset, this study examines the driving factors affecting households’ recycling behaviour and payment for waste disposal in South Africa. The methods of data analysis were based on descriptive statistics and a Bivariate Probit regression model. The descriptive statistics results indicate that there are 56.29% male-headed and 43.71% female headed households, with an average age of 49 years. In addition, the study shows that 89.97% of household heads had formal education with a mean monthly income of 11,099.07 ZAR/650.504 USD. The study also revealed that 22% of the households sampled had access to social grants. The results from the Bivariate Probit regression model show that household’s income, access to social grants, formal educational attainment and the age of the household were significant (p < 0.01) driving factors affecting households’ recycling behaviour and payment for waste disposal. The study concludes that the households’ socio-economic factors affect their recycling behaviour and willingness to pay for waste management in South Africa. Actions targeted at poverty alleviation and environmental sensitization programmes are key for facilitating environmental conservation behaviours of households in South Africa in order to achieve the environmental sustainability Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) target of the United Nations.

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Gupta, Shibaji, Arup Chakraborty, Rudradeep Banerjee, Abhishek De, Sohini Halder, and Debasis Das. "Face mask use and disposal behaviour of frontline young doctors during the COVID-19 pandemic: a two-year study." Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 16, no. 10 (October 31, 2022): 1570–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.16975.

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Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has severely affected India in spite of an ongoing vaccination campaign. The doctors are at greater risk of COVID-19 and face masks are a protective measure against this threat. We assessed the use and disposal of face masks among postgraduate trainees (PGTs) working on the COVID-19 frontline in an Indian medical college. Methodology: Data was collected from all PGTs who agreed to participate during the first, second and third wave of the pandemic in India. A pre-tested questionnaire to assess and compare face mask use and disposal behaviour across the three phases was used. Results: All participants used face masks regularly; a significant uptrend in N-95 mask users and double mask users was observed as the pandemic progressed. Use of face shields peaked during the second wave. Most participants preferred keeping the mask on always at work and avoided donning and doffing of masks in between usage. Many of them practiced ‘extended use’ of face masks and nearly a third re-used a mask for ≥ 6 days, which is against the standard recommendations; however, such behavior among participants showed a downward trend. Proper disposal practices were not followed by many participants, leaving scope for environmental contamination. Conclusions: There is an imminent need to make the young frontline doctors aware regarding appropriate mask usage and disposal for better preparedness before any health exigencies of the future.

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Sheoran, Monika, and Divesh Kumar. "Conceptualisation of sustainable consumer behaviour: converging the theory of planned behaviour and consumption cycle." Qualitative Research in Organizations and Management: An International Journal 17, no. 1 (October 21, 2021): 103–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/qrom-05-2020-1940.

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PurposeThis article attempts to explore the theoretical model and structural dimensions of sustainable consumer behaviour to develop a “sustainable consumer behaviour scale” for sustainable electronic products. Further, this study has tried to elaborate sustainable consumer behaviour by considering the complete consumption cycle which includes purchase, usage and disposal of the sustainable electronic products.Design/methodology/approachThe theory of planned behaviour (TPB) has been employed to understand the multidimensional nature of sustainable consumer behaviour with the help of qualitative and quantitative methods. With the help of a pilot study followed by a main study, a sustainable consumer behaviour scale for sustainable electronic products has been tested and validated for its factor study, reliability, validity and model fit, etc. Moreover, the influence of demographic variables has also been examined with the help of multi-group analysis.FindingsThis study highlights that the perceived control behaviour and subjective norms are the major factors that influence sustainable consumer behaviour. Moreover, the results also indicate that female consumers, mid income consumers, young consumers (age below 30) and consumers who have studied up to senior secondary level are more sustainable.Research limitations/implicationsThe results can be used by policymakers and managers to identify and target particular subjective norms and factors impacting perceived control behaviour along with a specific set of demographics to increase sustainability amongst consumers and businesses. The results of the current study can help in increasing the focus of the academic research towards sustainable consumer behaviour. It will also encourage firms to include sustainable electronic products in their product line.Originality/valueTo the best of authors' knowledge, the current article is the first empirical study to develop a sustainable consumer behaviour scale by including all the different stages of the consumption cycle using TPB for sustainable electronic products. Although multiple efforts have been made by researchers to analyse sustainable consumer behaviour, there is a scarcity in literature in which research has been done to analyse sustainable consumer behaviour by considering the whole consumption cycle (purchase, usage and disposal).

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Wickland, Benjamin E., G. Ward Wilson, Dharma Wijewickreme, and Bern Klein. "Design and evaluation of mixtures of mine waste rock and tailings." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 43, no. 9 (September 1, 2006): 928–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t06-058.

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The technique of mixing mine waste rock and tailings for disposal has the potential to avoid the problems of acid rock drainage and tailings liquefaction. This paper presents a rational basis for the design of mixtures based on particle packing theory and laboratory investigations. Mixtures were conceptualized using a particle model that allows mixture design and interpretation of behaviour. Laboratory investigations included examination of tailings rheology, mixture trials, and compressibility testing of waste rock, tailings, and mixtures of waste rock and tailings. Results indicate that mixture design governs mixture structure, and consequently also compressibility behaviour. A method is presented to predict mixture compressibility from mixture ratio and the properties of the parent waste rock and tailings. The study provides theory for the design and evaluation of mixtures as a mine waste disposal technique and demonstrates that the design of geotechnical properties is possible for homogeneous mixtures of mine wastes at the laboratory scale.Key words: co-disposal, particle packing, rheology, compressibility, waste rock, tailings.

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McCulloch, C. E., M. J. Angus, R. W. Crawford, A. A. Rahman, and F. P. Glasser. "Cements in radioactive waste disposal: some mineralogical considerations." Mineralogical Magazine 49, no. 351 (April 1985): 211–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.1985.049.351.08.

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AbstractCementitious matrices are being assessed for immobilization of radioactive wastes. This paper discusses some mineralogical aspects of cement chemistry and the uses of siliceous minerals as selective sorbants to enhance immobilization potential.Studies of sorption and leaching of caesium from pulverized fuel ash (PFA), blast furnace slag, tobermorite, xonotlite, and clinoptilolite are reported. The role of incorporation of these additives in cement and the effect on the nature of the composite matrix on caesium behaviour has been investigated. Specific mechanisms of the interaction of additives with highly alkaline cement environment are described. While slags, PFA, and clinoptilolite undergo reaction at different rates, tobermorite and xonotlite appear to be stable in cement.

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Dietrich, Craige, Zahir Khan, and James Warner. "Audit of disposal of clinically confidential information." Psychiatric Bulletin 28, no. 9 (September 2004): 324–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.28.9.324.

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Aims and MethodWe conducted a 3-cycle audit of disposal of clinically sensitive information in a mental health unit, in order to identify and reduce potential breaches in patients' confidentiality. Material from waste bins in administrative areas of a mental health unit was examined every evening during each period of the audit.ResultsThe first search, conducted over a 3-week period, yielded 11 documents containing highly-sensitive information about patients. After feedback to staff and improvement of shredding facilities, no sensitive information was found during the follow-up 3-week survey, 3 months later. However, a third survey 2 years later found 24 highly-sensitive items after one week, despite shredding facilities being maintained.Clinical ImplicationsChanges in behaviour identified in this audit appear to be due to education rather than improved facilities. All staff involved in patient care need to maintain awareness of the need for safe disposal of confidential material.

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Adeniran, Adeleye Ayoade, and Winston Shakantu. "The Health and Environmental Impact of Plastic Waste Disposal in South African Townships: A Review." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 2 (January 11, 2022): 779. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19020779.

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Twenty-first century human behaviour continues to escalate activities that result in environmental damage. This calls for environmentally friendly solutions, such as waste recycling and handling, to deal with the increased amount of waste, especially plastics. The plastic materials manufacturing sector is booming, particularly packaging; while only a fraction of its waste is recycled, another fraction is destroyed, and the larger part continues to pollute the environment. In addition to other waste disposal activities, destroying plastic or incineration (which could be for energy recovery) is usually subjected to strict legal requirements because of its effect on the environment. However plastic is destroyed or disposed of, it poses a serious challenge in both the short term and the long term to humans and their natural environment if the process is not efficiently managed. This article describes how a growing amount of plastic waste is disposed of haphazardly in South African townships, while most of the inhabitants are not aware or do not care about the adverse environmental and health effects of these actions. This article examines the environmental and health effects of poor plastic disposal in South African townships as it is in other developing countries to sensitise the citizens to the significance of reducing plastic waste quantities, which will downplay their impact on human health and the environment.

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G Krishnaraj. "Study on relationships between knowledge factors influencing Textile and Clothing disposal behaviour towards sustainable waste management." International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology 06, no. 9S (October 16, 2020): 154–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.46501/ijmtst0609s25.

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Increasing textile and clothing consumption resulted not only exhaustion of natural resources and virgin raw materials but also assimilation of textile material disposal from pre-consumer waste (i.e. various textile and clothing manufacturing activities) and post-consumer waste. Many environmental problems have been created by this pre-consumer and post-consumer waste generation. Adequate amount of measures has been taken by the government and standard organization to minimise the impact on environment by the textile manufacturing activities. Now a days, textile industries are striving to achieve zero waste generation by adopting various international standards and methods. But for the post-consumer waste generation issue, it is necessary for each and every consumer needs to understand and contribute for sustainable waste disposal. Hence, it is essential for everyone to know the existing sustainable concepts available to create sustainable environment. The main objective of the study is to examine the factors influencing textile and clothing disposal behaviour. The theory of disposal behaviour is related to consumer knowledge about textile product, environmental concern and waste management technique, namely Textile reuse and Textile recycle. Primary data was collected from 150 respondents through online questionnaires for this study. Statistical analysis such as correlation and regression were used with SPSS statistics. The research suggests that Apparel and Home textile product manufacturer should focus on creating consumer awareness on the possibility of reuse and recycle of the specific products along with the care label in order to achieve sustainable environment.

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Komarova, Galina. "Ethnic Behaviour under Conditions of High Radiation." Inner Asia 2, no. 1 (2000): 63–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/146481700793647940.

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AbstractIn the 1950s and 1960s serious nuclear accidents and ongoing pollution by waste disposal from the ‘Mayak’ plant affected the Techa River region in the Southern Urals (Russia). These episodes were clouded in secrecy during the Soviet period, such that even local people were unaware of the dangers. Virtually all families have been affected by radiation sickness. Yet even today people still live in the affected area. The article describes how three generations of the population has adapted to life in such dangerous conditions and it outlines the very different responses of men and women and of the various ethnic groups living in the area (Tatars, Bashkirs, and Russians).

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Kaur, Jasmandeep, Ramanjeet Singh, and Surabhi Singh. "Investigation of fashion disposal behaviour among Gen X and Gen Y in India." International Journal of Business and Globalisation 31, no. 2 (2022): 198. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijbg.2022.125952.

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Li, Bo, Jianxin Yang, Xiaolong Song, and Bin Lu. "Survey on Disposal Behaviour and Awareness of Mobile Phones in Chinese University Students." Procedia Environmental Sciences 16 (2012): 469–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proenv.2012.10.064.

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Sharma, L. K., Rajesh Singh, M. Ahmad, R. K. Umrao, and T. N. Singh. "Experimental Evaluation of Geomechanical Behaviour of Bentonite-Sand Mixture for Nuclear Waste Disposal." Procedia Engineering 191 (2017): 386–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2017.05.195.

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Singh, Surabhi, Ramanjeet Singh, and Jasmandeep Kaur. "Investigation of Fashion Disposal Behaviour among Gen X and Gen Y in India." International Journal of Business and Globalisation 1, no. 1 (2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijbg.2020.10031808.

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Linde´N, Anna-Lisa, and Annika Carlsson-Kanyama. "Environmentally Friendly Disposal Behaviour and Local Support Systems: Lessons from a metropolitan area." Local Environment 8, no. 3 (June 2003): 291–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13549830306664.

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Alhassan, Hamdiyah, Paul Adjei Kwakwa, and Ebenezer Owusu-Sekyere. "Households' source separation behaviour and solid waste disposal options in Ghana's Millennium City." Journal of Environmental Management 259 (April 2020): 110055. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.110055.

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Baidya, Rahul, and Sadhan Kumar Ghosh. "Disposal of hazardous industrial waste in cement kiln – A pilot study of acid tar sludge." Waste Management & Research: The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy 40, no. 3 (November 2, 2021): 294–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x211055544.

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Acid tar sludge (ATS) is a hazardous waste generated in steel plants as a process by-product. ATS disposal is a major challenge for the steel industry around the world and specifically for developing nations. Hazardous wastes are usually disposed of in a dedicated expensive thermal treatment plant as per existing rules. Due to inadequate capacity of treating the total amount of hazardous waste, study of other economical options are required. India generates over 7.2 million metric tonnes of hazardous waste annually as per Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), Government of India. Thus, co-processing of ATS in cement plant as an alternative means of disposal was studied based on a number of trials. During the five trials of 5 day each, feed rate of ATS was maintained at 0.4 tonne per hour (TPH) with an average coal feed rate of 10 TPH. No incremental variations in emissions were observed during the trials. The analysis further revealed insignificant impact on clinker quality, leach behaviour and cement property. The study also showed negligible impact on ambient air quality based on NO x, SO2, RSPM, SPM measurement at varying location around the cement plant. Thus, co-processing of hazardous waste such as ATS in cement plant can be an effective way to address the hazardous waste disposal problem in developing countries such as India.

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Li, Zhenze, Thanh Son Nguyen, Grant Su, Denis Labrie, and Jean Dominique Barnichon. "Development of a viscoelastoplastic model for a bedded argillaceous rock from laboratory triaxial tests." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 54, no. 3 (March 2017): 359–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2016-0100.

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Argillaceous rocks are candidate host and (or) cap formations for the geological disposal of nuclear wastes in many countries, including Canada, France, and Switzerland. The understanding of the long-term mechanical behaviour of such rocks is an essential requirement for the assessment of their performance as a barrier against radionuclide migration. The French Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN) operates an Underground Research Laboratory (URL) in Tournemire, France, in a rock formation known as the Tournemire shale. Many types of experiments are conducted at the Tournemire URL to better understand the physical and chemical behaviour of this shale and its interaction with seal materials intended to be used in the geological disposal of radioactive wastes. The Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission (CNSC) collaborates with the IRSN and CanmetMINING laboratories to perform experimental and theoretical research on the mechanical behaviour of the Tournemire shale. Using data from creep tests, and monotonic and cyclic triaxial tests performed at CanmetMINING Laboratories, we developed constitutive relationships for the mechanical behaviour of the Tournemire shale. The model is based on the theory of plasticity, and takes into consideration the inherent anisotropy due to the existence of bedding planes, hardening behaviour before the peak strength, and viscosity.

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Radhakrishna, H. S., H. T. Chan, A. M. Crawford, and K. C. Lau. "Thermal and physical properties of candidate buffer–backfill materials for a nuclear fuel waste disposal vault." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 26, no. 4 (November 1, 1989): 629–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t89-076.

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As part of the Canadian Nuclear Fuel Waste Management Program, Ontario Hydro has, over several years, conducted research into the behaviour and performance of buffer–backfill for the proposed nuclear fuel waste disposal vault. In this paper, a review has been made of laboratory studies made at Ontario Hydro on the thermal properties, strength, hydraulic conductivity, and compactability of clay-based buffer materials. The results of this work have enabled the formulation of selection criteria for the buffer material mix for the prototype Canadian nuclear fuel waste disposal scheme. Key words: bentonites, buffer, backfill, nuclear waste disposal, thermal conductivity, clays, hydraulic conductivity, compaction, clay barriers, clay seals, shrinkage.

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A. Itasanmi, Sunday, and Jegede Tosin E. "Investigation of Market Women’s Environmental Knowledge, Attitude and Behaviour in Nigerian City of Ibadan." International Journal of Education and Literacy Studies 7, no. 4 (October 31, 2019): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijels.v.7n.4p.76.

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This study assessed the environmental knowledge, attitude and behaviour among market women in the Nigerian city of Ibadan, Oyo State. A quantitative research design was adopted and 403 market women were randomly selected from different markets in Ibadan. Questionnaire items adapted from Fah and Sirisena (2014) and Abdullahi and Tuna (2014) were pilot-tested among female artisans in Ibadan. Data collected from the study were analyzed using frequency counts, simple percentages, ANOVA, and regression analysis. Results of the analysis revealed that market women have good knowledge about erosion, water pollution, amongst others but lack knowledge in the area of soil degradation. Market women also have pro-environmental attitude based on their responses and they exhibit environmentally responsible behaviours in the area of tree planting, refuse disposal etc. but display irresponsible environmental behaviour by not switching off electricity gadgets when not in use. The findings also showed that there is a significant effect of environmental knowledge on environmental attitude, environmental attitude on environmental behaviour and the joint effects of environmental knowledge and attitude on environmental behaviour among market women.

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Nishimura, Tomoyoshi, and Junichi Koseki. "Performance of THM behavior of sand-bentonite mixtures considering thermal effect." MATEC Web of Conferences 337 (2021): 01020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202133701020.

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This study presented the overview on the behavior of bentonite-sand mixture used in high level radioactive waste disposal. Both unconfined compression test and triaxial compression test were conducted out that unsaturated-saturated bentonite-sand samples were applied temperature effect below 100 degrees Celsius. Unconfined compressive strength was determined with various temperatures and different relative humidity for unsaturated bentonite-sand specimens, so the growing of pore pressure due to heating was most significant for interpretation to THM behaviour of artificial barrier system compositing bentonite materials.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Disposal Behaviour'

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