Relevant bibliographies by topics / Displacement process

Academic literature on the topic 'Displacement process'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Displacement process"

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Honório, Leonardo M., Milena F. Pinto, Maicon J. Hillesheim, Francisco C. de Araújo, Alexandre B. Santos, and Delfim Soares. "Photogrammetric Process to Monitor Stress Fields Inside Structural Systems." Sensors 21, no. 12 (June 10, 2021): 4023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21124023.

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This research employs displacement fields photogrammetrically captured on the surface of a solid or structure to estimate real-time stress distributions it undergoes during a given loading period. The displacement fields are determined based on a series of images taken from the solid surface while it experiences deformation. Image displacements are used to estimate the deformations in the plane of the beam surface, and Poisson’s Method is subsequently applied to reconstruct these surfaces, at a given time, by extracting triangular meshes from the corresponding points clouds. With the aid of the measured displacement fields, the Boundary Element Method (BEM) is considered to evaluate stress values throughout the solid. Herein, the unknown boundary forces must be additionally calculated. As the photogrammetrically reconstructed deformed surfaces may be defined by several million points, the boundary displacement values of boundary-element models having a convenient number of nodes are determined based on an optimized displacement surface that best fits the real measured data. The results showed the effectiveness and potential application of the proposed methodology in several tasks to determine real-time stress distributions in structures.
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Hubbard, Timothy L. "Judged Displacement: A Modular Process?" American Journal of Psychology 107, no. 3 (1994): 359. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1422879.

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Galaguz, Y. P., and G. L. Safina. "Modeling of suspension displacement process." Vestnik MGSU, no. 8 (August 2018): 944–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/1997-0935.2018.8.944-951.

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Song, Zhan Ping, Jing Liu, and An Nan Jiang. "Studying the Three Dimensional Excavation Effect Affecting the Monitoring Displacement of Metro Station." Advanced Materials Research 594-597 (November 2012): 1285–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.594-597.1285.

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In tunnel construction process, Because monitoring points setting always get behind with tunnel heading and occurred space effect which induces displacement loss and affects the monitoring accuracy. Studying tunnel space affect has important meaning to the monitoring data analysis. The paper takes Dalian Metro Station as research back ground, adopted three dimensional elastic-plastic numerical test method and carried out the excavation process simulation. Studied the convergence displacement and sedimentation displacement variation regulation along with the distance to tunnel heading face. The simulation results state that the nearer to the tunnel heading, the displacements of surrounding rock are smaller. Analyzed the ratio of displacement loss induced by space effect and amended the monitoring displacements of Dalian Metro Station.
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Cai, Yan-yan, Bing-xiong Tu, Jin Yu, Yao-liang Zhu, and Jian-feng Zhou. "Numerical Simulation Study on Lateral Displacement of Pile Foundation and Construction Process under Stacking Loads." Complexity 2018 (2018): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2128383.

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Lateral displacement of pile foundation is crucial to the safety of an overall structure. In this study, a numerical simulation on the lateral displacement of pile foundation under stacking loads was conducted to determine its relation with different influencing factors. Simulation results demonstrated that stacking loads at the pile side mostly influence the lateral displacement of pile foundation. The lateral displacement of pile foundation increases by one order of magnitude when the stacking loads increase from 100 kPa to 300 kPa. Other influencing factors are less important than stacking loads. Lateral displacements of the pile body and at the pile top can be reduced effectively by increasing the deformation modulus of surface soil mass, reducing the thickness of soft soil, and expanding pile diameter. Our analysis indicates that a nonlinear relationship exists between the lateral displacement at the pile top and the pile diameter. The lateral resistance of the pile body can be enhanced by coupling the stacking load along piles and the axial force at the pile top. An actual large-scale engineering project was chosen to simulate the effects of postconstructed embankment on lateral displacement and axial force of bridge pile foundation under different construction conditions and to obtain the lateral displacement of the pile body and the negative frictional resistance caused by soft soil compression under stacking loads. On the basis of the calculated results, engineering safety and stability were evaluated, and a guide for the design and construction was proposed.
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Jung, Dong Won. "Investigation on Variation of Bow Defect in Roll Forming Process." Key Engineering Materials 729 (February 2017): 80–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.729.80.

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Roll forming is a kind of plastic forming process in which a steel strip is bent by several sets of rolls gradually into the desired shape. The products are cold roll forming steels with various sections. Roll forming is one of the most widely used processes in the world for forming metal. Roll forming is a complex deformation process, which involves large displacement, finite strain and the problems of contact and friction between strip and rolls. This process exhibits obvious geometry, physical and boundary nonliterary. The complex processes contain many aspects such as geometry, kinematics and dynamics, etc. The forming process involves not only transverse bending, but also other additional deformations. In this paper, a group of simulations have been established with ABAQUS software to studying about the spring back and bow defect in the roll forming process. At last, experiments have been accomplished to verify the simulation results. The simulations based on the ABAQUS software calculate the spring back angles and bow displacements. The bow displacement of the roll forming process is considered relate to many factors include inner distance between stands, gaps of the rolls, channel width, the material of the sheet, sheet thickness and so on.To verify the bow displacement in roll forming process, 9 groups of simulations were set up use Taguchi method to figure out the influence on bow displacement of every factor. The longitudinal strain also has been learned in the present study.
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Katona, Tamás János, László Tóth, and Erzsébet Győri. "Fault Displacement Hazard Analysis Based on Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis for Specific Nuclear Sites." Applied Sciences 11, no. 15 (August 3, 2021): 7162. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11157162.

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Permanent ground displacements/deformations caused by earthquakes can seriously challenge the safety of the nuclear power plants. The state-of-the-art hazard analysis methods provide a fault displacement hazard curve, i.e., the annual probability of given measure of displacement will be exceeded. The evaluation of ground displacement hazard requires great effort, empirical evidence, and sufficient data for the characterization of the fault activity and capability to cause permanent surface displacement. There are practical cases when the fault at the site area revealed to be active, and, despite this, there are no sufficient data for the evaluation of permanent ground displacements hazard and for judging on the safety significance of permanent ground displacement. For these cases, a methodology is proposed that is based on the seismotectonic modelling and results of the probabilistic seismic hazard analysis. The method provides conservative assessment of the annual probability of fault displacement that allows the decision whether permanent displacement hazard is relevant to nuclear power plant safety. The feasibility and applicability of the method is demonstrated for the Paks site, Hungary.
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Zhang, Xiaoshuang, Xiuchuan Zhang, and Yunshan Han. "A Case Study on Field Monitoring Analysis of Deep Foundation Pit in Soft Soils." Advances in Civil Engineering 2019 (May 2, 2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/9342341.

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Field monitoring in the process of excavation of foundation pit is an important measure to reduce the risk. This paper describes a case study of the filed monitoring data during the process of deep foundation pit excavation in soft soil areas. The displacements of the diaphragm wall top were analysed and found that the horizontal displacement showed the convex shape, while the vertical displacement showed the concave shape. Based on the field monitoring data, the deformation mode of lateral displacement of the diaphragm wall belonged to the composite mode. The relationship between maximum lateral displacement and excavation depth showed a strong linear correlation. The horizontal displacements of bracing pillar decreased with the increasing of bracing stiffness, while the effect of bracing stiffness on vertical displacements of bracing pillar could be ignored. The settlement profile computed using the method of Hsieh and Ou was in good agreement with the field observations and better described the development trend of the ground surface settlement. The ratio of the maximum ground surface settlement (δvm) to the maximum lateral displacement of the diaphragm wall (δhm) was in the range of 0.74∼0.88, belonging to the range of 0.5∼1.0 proposed by Hsieh and Ou. This paper provides a reference basis and related guidance for similar projects.
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Aburatani, Hideaki. "Drive of Piezoelectric Actuators Using an Electrical Depoling Process." International Journal of Automation Technology 5, no. 4 (July 5, 2011): 601–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/ijat.2011.p0601.

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In conventional drives of piezoelectric actuators, the piezoelectricity of the material itself has not been controlled electrically. A newly-developed electrical depoling process is proposed and applied to piezoelectric actuators in this study. Selectable piezoelectric and non-piezoelectric responses of the piezoelectric element can be obtained using the electrical depoling process. A piezoelectric unimorph and a gripper consisting of two unimorphs are chosen to demonstrate the drive of piezoelectric actuators using electrical depoling. It is shown that displacement is not induced in the electrically depoled samples until the applied field exceeds the critical value. From the electric field dependence of induced displacement, conflicts among ferroelectric domains during polarization switching are suggested to be the origin of the electrically depoled state. It is also demonstrated that electrically depoled piezoelectric ceramics exhibit digital-like displacements. Potential uses for the drive of piezoelectric actuators that use the electrical depoling is also discussed.
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Koole, R., G. Voorhout, and H. A. W. Hazewinkel. "Mandibular Coronoid Process Displacement: Signs, Causes, Treatment." Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology 06, no. 01 (1993): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1633143.

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SummaryOpen-mout h locking due to lateral impingement of the mandibular coronoid process, lateral to the zygomatic arch, is described in five dogs and one cat. In order to elucidate the underlying cause of this abnormality, radiographs of temporomandibular joints of forty dogs, as well as the case history of a human patient, are compared. Three possible aetiologies are given, namely, flattening of the zygomatic arch, aberrant architecture of the condylar aspects, or contracture of the pterygoid muscle. An effective surgical treatment to prevent recur-rence of coronoid impingement was achieved by ostectomy of the locking part of the coronoid process.Unilateral protrusion of the mandible is described as a veterinary and comparative abnormality in five dogs, a cat and a woman. For the impingement of the coronoid process lateral of the zygomatic arch causing open-mouth locking in the animals, three aetiologies and an effective ostectomy of the coronoid process are given.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Displacement process"

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Poirier, Nicole A. "Displacement washing of wood pulp." Thesis, McGill University, 1986. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=65442.

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Machado, Gustavo Ribeiro. "Acesso remoto." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2014. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=6847.

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Este texto é uma reflexão sobre os pressupostos que fizeram parte do meu processo de trabalho em artes visuais nos últimos anos e que continuam em desenvolvimento. A investigação parte de um pressuposto gerado de três séries de trabalhos, Bambu, bambuí, Sobreposições e Imersão Rio, que se conectam por um deslocamento entre três ambientes: paisagem, ateliê e galeria. Ao rastrear as influências recorrentes em minha produção, acesso um momento histórico específico por onde permeio minha pesquisa e procuro compreender os procedimentos, ações e estratégias que compõem minha poética artística
This text is a reflection on the presuppositions which were part of my process of work on visual arts in the recent years and continue to develop. The research starts on a presupposition generated by three series of works, Bambu, bambuí, Sobreposições and Imersão Rio, which are connected by a displacement from three environments: landscape, studio and gallery. By tracking the recurrent influences in my production, I access the specific historical moment where I permeate my research and I try to understand the procedures, actions and strategies that compose my artistic poetics
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Gunes, Cagdas. "New Imaging Approaches for Process Tomography Based on Capacitive Sensors." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1531058286375668.

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Basirat, Farzad. "Process Models for CO2 Migration and Leakage : Gas Transport, Pore-Scale Displacement and Effects of Impurities." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Luft-, vatten och landskapslära, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-315490.

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Geological Carbon Storage (GCS) is considered as one of the key techniques to reduce the rate of atmospheric emissions of CO2 and thereby to contribute to controlling the global warming. A successful application of a GCS project requires the capability of the formation to trap CO2 for a long term. In this context, processes related to CO2 trapping and also possible leakage of CO2 to the near surface environment need to be understood. The overall aim of this thesis is to understand the flow and transport of CO2 through porous media in the context of geological storage of CO2. The entire range of scales, including the pore scale, the laboratory scale, the field experiment scale and the industrial scale of CO2 injection operation are addressed, and some of the key processes investigated by means of experiments and modeling.  First, a numerical model and laboratory experimental setup were developed to investigate the CO2 gas flow, mimicking the system in the near-surface conditions in case a leak from the storage formation should occur. The system specifically addressed the coupled flow and mass transport of gaseous CO2 both in the porous domain as well as the free flow domain above it. The comparison of experiments and modelling results showed a very good agreement indicating that the model developed can be applied to evaluate monitoring and surface detection of potential CO2 leakage. Second, the field scale CO2 injection test carried out in a shallow aquifer in Maguelone, France was analyzed and modeled. The results showed that Monte Carlo simulations accounting for the heterogeneity effects of the permeability field did capture the key observations of the monitoring data, while a homogeneous model could not represent them. Third, a numerical model based on phase-field method was developed and model simulations carried out addressing the effect of wettability on CO2-brine displacement at the pore-scale. The results show that strongly water-wet reservoirs provide a better potential for the dissolution trapping, due to the increase of interface between CO2 and brine with very low contact angles. The results further showed that strong water-wet conditions also imply a strong capillary effect, which is important for residual trapping of CO2. Finally, numerical model development and model simulations were carried out to address the large scale geological storage of CO2 in the presence of impurity gases in the CO2 rich phase. The results showed that impurity gases N2 and CH4 affected the spatial distribution of the gas (the supercritical CO2 rich phase), and a larger volume of reservoir is needed in comparison to the pure CO2 injection scenario. In addition, the solubility trapping significantly increased in the presence of N2 and CH4.
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Fehr, Alecia Dawn. "Deinsititutionalization of Status Offenders and the Relabeling Process: A Paternalistic and Hydraulic Displacement of Discretion Perspective." OpenSIUC, 2010. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/232.

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Based on the substantial body of literature from research, theory, and policy discussion, the hypothesized relationships in this study were that violations of court would be more likely to be observed among status than other referrals, particularly among runaway cases, and that both relationships would be more pronounced for girls. I examined data from a large urban court in which there are many services and routinized processing of a lot of juveniles. The results fail to support any of the four hypothesized relationships.
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Vasconcelos, Patricia Araujo. "O corpo é ser: diários sobre a distância." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/27/27159/tde-07022014-144951/.

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O corpo é ser: diários sobre a distância é uma investigação que parte da condição do deslocamento/desterro a caminho de discussões que interrelacionam dados inerentes ao meu processo de criação a abordagens teóricas e artísticas. Tomando a crítica de processo, proposta por Cecilia Salles, como metodologia, faço um resgate de materias de registro que apontam para trabalhos que desenvolvi entre 2009 e 2013, apresentados no corpo do texto. A estrutura da dissertação se divide em dois cadernos. O primeiro contém um embate das referências teóricas e processuais relacionadas ao contexto do deslocamento e da condição de estrangeiro e é dividido em três capítulos que discutem: a viagem como possibilidade artística, a memória e os diários como aparatos processuais e o corpo em ações performativas. O segundo caderno trata-se de um livro-processo que abriga uma coleção de vestígios que deflagram os caminhos tateados para a construção desta pesquisa.
The work \"O corpo é ser: diários sobre a distância\" is an investigation that starts from the condition of displacement/exile and moves into an argumentation that correlates a theoretical research to data about my creative process. Guided by the theoretical approach called crítica de processo, as proposed by Cecilia Salles, I recover documentary material within the work I developed as a photographer from 2009 to 2013 and the selection is presented within the text. The essay is divided in two books. The first book contains a clash of theoretical frameworks and procedures about the concept of displacement and the foreigner condition, this portion is divided in three chapters in which I discuss: the trip as an artistic experiment, memory and the making of diaries as procedural apparatus, and the body in performance. The second book is a process-book containing a collection of traces that trigger paths groped to build this research.
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Zechinato, Bianca Panigassi [UNESP]. "Da casa expandida ao deslocamento como instrumento de criação." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/143055.

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Submitted by BIANCA PANIGASSI ZECHINATO null (bzechinato@gmail.com) on 2016-08-12T16:51:30Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DA CASA.pdf: 13098578 bytes, checksum: 4a86b9824e73f84310373d5907a8480c (MD5)
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Desenvolvida na área de pesquisa "Processos e Procedimentos Artísticos", esta dissertação é parte do projeto que traz como objeto central de discussão o processo criativo do "Fazer Caminhar", este, consiste na apropriação de um objeto por pessoas, funcionando como disparador de deslocamento. A pesquisa foi sendo permeada pela discussão do lugar, do não lugar, do espaço e da flanerie, estruturando esse trabalho processual, os conceitos compõem uma narrativa ao que acontece no espaço das relações entre as pessoas que desejaram experimentar o “Fazer Caminhar", revelando por um mapeamento final, trechos das experiências que constituem um itinerário incerto, e processos artísticos que trazem o percorrer espaços pelo caminhar e a criação de rede pelo objeto partilhado como prática de construção de mundo pela experiência estética.
Developed in the research area "Processes and Artistic Procedures" This work is part of the project that has as its central subject of discussion the creative process of "Make Walking". This project consists in the ownership of an object by persons, which acts as a trigger offset by many paths. In fact, this research was being permeated by the discussion of site, non site, space and flanerie, structuring this process work, the concepts make up a story to what happens in the space of relationships between people who wanted to experience the "Make Walking", revealing in a final mapping, excerpts of experiences which constitute an uncertain journey, and artistic processes that bring go areas by walking and the creation of the network for sharing the object as a practice of recognizing the world for an aesthetic experience.
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Hall, Caitlin D. 4464202. "The Creation Process of a Stylized Character in Comparison to a Semi-realistic Character." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/honors/356.

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Abstract I. Introduction a. Thesis statement: What is the process for modeling a stylized character and how does this differ from a semi-realistic character? b. Expanded thesis statement: The two styles differ from start to finish in a variety of ways. I believe that semi-realistic characters require more source material when drawing and modeling; however stylized characters require a different level of creativity and artistic ability in creation. Modeling semi-realistic characters will be more dependent on source images while stylized characters may require special attention with non-standard texture, style, etc. Rendering techniques will also differ when it goes to presenting the final polished versions with the stylized character focusing on rendering styles that flatten the character while the semi realistic character will require rendering techniques that make it seem more real visually.
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Farber, Leora Naomi. "Representation of displacement in the exhibition Dis-Location/Re-Location." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/23070.

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Identity always presupposes a sense of location and a relationship with others and the representation of identity most often occurs precisely at the point when there has been a displacement (Bhabha cited in Papastergiadis 1995:17, emphasis added). In this study I focus on the condition of displacement, placing emphasis on the disjunctures of identity arising from temporal and physical dislocations and relocations in historical and postapartheid South African contexts. Displacement, and the attendant senses of dislocation and alienation it may evoke, is explored with reference to three selected female personae. For each persona, displacement is shown to provoke transmutations in subjectivity and identity, resulting in disjunctive identities and relationships with place. Their individual narratives raise questions around the consequences of displacement for a sense of (un)belonging and the (re)making of identities across geographical, cultural, temporal, ethnic and environmental borders. The pivotal role displacement plays in the processes of formation and transformation of subjectivity and identity is foregrounded. Familial histories of diasporic displacement, together with colonial legacies that have shaped my subject position as a white, middle-class, female South African woman, are interlaced with a recounting of personal experience of displacement in postapartheid South Africa. This personal sense of displacement, experienced between the years 2000 to 2006, is extended to a discussion on what is argued to be collective forms of white, English-speaking South Africans’ dislocation during the same time period. I suggest that their sense of displacement was experienced in relation to the uncertainty of their subject positions in postapartheid South Africa. In the practical and theoretical components of the degree, I consider how the three personae’s subjectivities are practiced and lived from their different space-time continuums. This exploration prompts further questions around how the effects of displacement on subjectivity and new identity formations are contingent upon each persona’s relation to the Other of colonial discourse, or the other-strangerforeigner within. Although there are marked differences between their colonial, diasporic and postcolonial contexts, a central theme that underpins the study is that the three conditions of displacement are linked by disjunctures arising from processes of dislocation, alienation, relocation and adaptation. Each persona’s epistemological reality is shown to comprise multiple ambivalences and ambiguities, and is marked by processes of cultural contestation and inner conflict. Their ambivalences and ambiguities encompass slippages between positions of inclusion and exclusion; insider and outsider; inhabitant and immigrant; alienation and belonging; placelessness and locatedness; homely and unhomely that the experience of uprooting and relocating foregrounds. While displacement is understood in terms of trauma and conflict, this condition is also regarded as a generative space of possibility for the emergence of new identity formations. Using my experiences of self-transformation and renegotiation of my identity through processes of cultural contact and exchange as a departure point, I consider ways in which collective white, English-speaking South Africans’ cultural identities are being reformulated, renegotiated or ‘hybridised’ in postapartheid South Africa as a transforming, postcolonial society.
Thesis (DPhil)--University of Pretoria, 2012.
Visual Arts
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Hamid, Hisham. "Process monitoring of blanking coarse grained and ultra-fine grained aluminium sheets using force-displacement characteristics and acoustic emission technique." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2010. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=12838.

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Books on the topic "Displacement process"

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Migration, International Organization for. Meta analysis: Vulnerability, stability, displacement, and reintegration : issues facing the peace process in Aceh, Indonesia. Jakarta: International Organization for Migration, 2008.

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Reddy, I. U. B. Process of displacement and rehabilitation under large industrial projects: A study in south-eastern India. Bombay: Unit for Urban Studies, Tata Institute of Social Sciences, 1993.

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Munzoul, Munzoul Abdulla. The process of displacement and its impact on gender roles and relations: A study of el Salam displaced-Omdurman. [Khartoum]: Development Studies and Research Centre, Faculty of Economic & Social Studies, University of Khartoum, 1997.

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Castro, Dolores, and Fernando Ruchesi. Leadership, Social Cohesion, and Identity in Late Antique Spain and Gaul (500–700). Nieuwe Prinsengracht 89 1018 VR Amsterdam Nederland: Amsterdam University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789463725958.

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The replacement of the Roman Empire in the West with emerging kingdoms like Visigothic Spain and Merovingian Gaul resulted in new societies, but without major population displacement. Societies changed because identities shifted and new points of cohesion formed under different leaders and leadership structures. This volume examines two kingdoms in the post-Roman west to understand how this process took shape. Though exhibiting striking continuities with the Roman past, Gaul and Spain emerged as distinctive, but not isolated, political entities that forged different strategies and drew upon different resources to strengthen their unity, shape social ties, and consolidate their political status.
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Kudinov, Igor', Anton Eremin, Konstantin Trubicyn, Vitaliy Zhukov, and Vasiliy Tkachev. Vibrations of solids, liquids and gases taking into account local disequilibrium. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1859642.

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The monograph presents the results of the development and research of new mathematical models of the processes of vibrations of solids, liquids and gases, taking into account local disequilibrium. To derive differential equations, the Navier—Stokes equations, Newton's second law and modified formulas of the classical empirical laws of Fourier, Hooke, Newton are used, which take into account the velocities and accelerations of the driving forces (gradients of the corresponding quantities) and their consequences (heat flow, normal and tangential stresses). The conditions for the occurrence of shock waves of stresses and displacements in dynamic thermoelasticity problems formulated taking into account relaxation phenomena in thermal and thermoelastic problems are investigated, new results are obtained in the study of longitudinal and transverse vibrations of rods, strings, liquids and gases, and the conditions for the excitation of gas self-oscillations arising from a time-constant heat source are determined. It is intended for scientific and technical workers specializing in mathematics, thermophysics, thermoelasticity, as well as teachers and students of technical universities.
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Goodstein, Elizabeth S. Displacements on a Pathless Terrain. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190461454.003.0010.

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Kafka’s Der Proceß exposes the irrationality generated in and through the (bureaucratic) rationalization of the law. But the text operates as a modernist spectacle, inscribing the reader into the process it describes, by which the self-creation of the social converges with the negation of the subject. It thus presents the seductive possibility of absolutizing K.’s experience—as existentialist paradigm, as apophatic revelation, and as allegory for modernity. But such modes of reading elide the distinctions between judge and victim, witness and bystander, and thereby reify and reinforce the very operations of the law that Kafka dissects. In the author’s own terms, they “belong to the court.” Walter Benjamin’s unfinished encounter with Kafka suggests a strategy of reading that better resists the insidious temptation of submission to the modernist spectacle, which construes a process at once absolute and arbitrary as the modern (subject’s) fate.
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I, Dubizha A., and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, eds. Evolution of a meteorite crater as a process of random displacements. Washington, D.C: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1986.

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Vignal, Leïla. War-Torn. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197619988.001.0001.

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Syria as we knew it does not exist anymore. However, all conflicts change countries and their societies. Such an obvious statement needs to be unpacked in specific relation to Syria. What has happened, what does it mean, and what comes next? In order to consider the future of Syria, it is crucial to assess not only what has been destroyed, but also how it was destroyed. It is equally vital to address the structural and possibly enduring results of large-scale destruction and displacement. These dynamics are not only at play in Syrian society, but are tearing at the economic fabric and very territorial integrity of the country. If war is a powerful process of human and material destruction, it is equally a powerful process of spatial, social and economic reconfiguration. Nor does it stop at national borders--the unravelling of Syria, and of the idea of Syria, has affected and will continue to affect the entire Middle East. War-Torn explores these transformations and the processes that fuel them. It is an indispensable account throwing light on neglected aspects of the Syrian war, and a much-needed contribution to our understanding of conflicts in the twenty-first century.
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Cheffins, Brian R. The 1970s. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190640323.003.0003.

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Chapter 3 addresses the 1970s, a decade when managerial capitalism continued to prevail in large American public companies but the scene was being set for its displacement. Confidence in large corporations and the executives running them suffered due to American businesses losing ground to foreign challengers, setbacks affecting prominent conglomerates, and revelations of illicit payments by numerous well-known corporations. The difficulties afflicting 1970s public companies helped to set in motion a corporate governance reform process oriented around improving managerial accountability which continues to this day. Regulation of business increased considerably during the opening half of the decade but erosion of faith in government ultimately undermined continued momentum in this direction.
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Tuttle, Robert. Mechanical Properties: Key Topics in Materials Science and Engineering. ASM International, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.tb.mpktmse.9781627083843.

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Mechanical Properties: Key Topics in Materials Science and Engineering provides a practical overview of tensile testing and what it reveals about the strength of materials and the load-carrying capabilities of structural components. The book is organized in two sections roughly equal in length. The first section is a tutorial on mechanical properties and behaviors expressed in the form of load-displacement and stress-strain curves. The section that follows furthers the learning process by guiding readers through a series of real-world problems and their respective solutions. The information in this book is particularly well suited for early-career engineers, especially those involved in product design.
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Book chapters on the topic "Displacement process"

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Listerborn, Carina, and Guy Baeten. "Struggling with Conceptual Framings to Understand Swedish Displacement Processes." In Socio-Spatial Theory in Nordic Geography, 207–16. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-04234-8_12.

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AbstractResearch on displacement has a long trajectory in Western geography and urban studies. In a Swedish context theory formation around displacement re-emerged in the 2010s as a response to an increasingly heated housing market, increased gentrification and growing homelessness, and as a consequence of ‘renoviction’ processes. Learning from empirical research in Sweden, the Nordic experiences differ from the Anglo-American context, and set ground for a theoretical discussion on how to understand the specificities of displacement processes in (post-)welfare societies. In this chapter we investigate some Swedish manifestations of displacement that cannot easily be grasped by conceptual apparatuses often developed in an Anglo-American context. The process of displacement in a Swedish (and Nordic) context is often more indirect and slower but its eventual outcomes have the same damaging effects on its victims. The chapter provides both an historical and contemporary view of Swedish displacement processes and practices, and we argue that we cannot uncritically import a conceptual apparatus that grew out of other socio-spatial contexts and develop particular understandings of displacement based on Nordic empirical observations.
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Henriksen, Mogens, and Graham G. W. Mustoe. "A Review of Some Current Problems in Large Displacement Plasticity for Process Simulation." In Lecture Notes in Engineering, 694–704. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83535-3_27.

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Miškiv-Pavlík, Martin, and Jozef Jurko. "Dynamic Measurement of the Surface After Process of Turning with Application of Laser Displacement Sensors." In 5th EAI International Conference on Management of Manufacturing Systems, 197–208. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67241-6_16.

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Yang, H. Q., D. Huang, X. P. Zhou, and Y. Chen. "Analysis on the Time-Dependent Rotational Displacement of Retaining Wall During the Process of Earthquake." In Earthquake-Induced Landslides, 839–47. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-32238-9_91.

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Cazaubon, Valentine, Audrey Abi Akle, and Xavier Fischer. "A Parametric Study of Additive Manufacturing Process: TA6V Laser Wire Metal Deposition." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 15–20. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-70566-4_4.

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AbstractAdditive Manufacturing has proven to be an economically and industrially attractive process in building or repairing parts. However, the major issue of this new process is to guarantee a mechanical behavior identical to the subtractive manufacturing methodologies. The work, presented in this paper, is centered on the Laser Wire Metal Deposition (LMD-w) method with the metallic alloy TA6V. Its working principle is to fuse a coaxial wire on a substrate with a laser as a heat source. To better understand the interaction between the input parameters (Laser Power, Wire Feed Speed and Tool Speed) and the clad geometry output variables (Height, Width and Contact Angle) and the substrate displacement, we have realized an experimentation. We printed 9 clads according Taguchi’s experimental design. Pearson correlation coefficient and Fisher test performed on the experimental measures showed as main result: Tool Speed is the parameter with the most significant influence on the output variables.
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Chao, Yi, and Dong Jun. "Research on the Influence of Transverse Limit of Support on Construction Monitoring of Special-Shaped Bridge." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 142–50. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-1260-3_13.

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AbstractIn order to understand whether the alignment, internal force and cable force of the special-shaped cable-stayed bridge can still meet the design and code requirements due to the influence of the transverse displacement of the support during the construction process, the transverse displacement of the girder arch system is restricted before the removal of the support. The difference between the measured value and the designed value at each stage of the boom is within ±5%, which meets the design and specification requirements. In this paper, the pedestrian bridge in Anyi County, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province is taken as an example. MADIS/Civil software is used for finite element simulation analysis in the construction stage, and the linear shape, internal force and cable force of the superstructure are monitored. The results show that the measured deformation values of arch ribs and beams meet the design and specification requirements during the whole construction process. The difference between the measured value and the designed value at each stage of the boom is within ±5%, which meets the design and specification requirements.
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Kien, Nguyen Trung, and Norikazu Shimizu. "Performance of a New Low-Cost GPS Sensor with an Average Process for Slope Displacement Monitoring." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 119–26. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0053-1_15.

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Mangraviti, Viviana. "Displacement-Based Design of Geosynthetic-Reinforced Pile-Supported Embankments to Increase Sustainability." In Civil and Environmental Engineering for the Sustainable Development Goals, 83–96. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-99593-5_7.

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AbstractAlthough the construction of concrete piles has a relevant environmental footprint, they are commonly used to reduce settlements of embankments on soft soil strata. A more sustainable choice to further reduce settlements (and, consequently, the number of piles) is to place geosynthetics below the embankment. However, existing design methods cannot calculate settlements at the embankment top and cannot be used to optimise the number of piles in a displacement-based design. In this note, an innovative model for assessing settlements at the top of Geosynthetic-Reinforced and Pile-Supported embankments induced by the embankment construction process is presented and validated against finite difference numerical analyses. The model is used to optimise the design of both piles and geosynthetic, and applied to a practical example, where the mass of CO2 saved by designing geosynthetics to reduce the pile number. Graphical Abstract
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Zerkal, Oleg V., and Olga S. Barykina. "Suffosion Landslides as a Specific Type of Slope Deformations in the European Part of Russia." In Progress in Landslide Research and Technology, Volume 1 Issue 2, 2022, 99–108. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-18471-0_8.

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AbstractLandslide classification systems are based on the analysis of mechanisms of slope deformation and consideration of landslide-forming earth materials. The main types of landslide movement are fall, topple, slide, spread and flow. Within the European part of Russia, a specific type of slope deformation is often observed, where suffosion (the process of washout and mechanical removal of fine particles from saturated soils under the influence of infiltrating groundwater flow) plays an essential role. Suffosion landslides are defined as a type of complex landslide formed in regions characterized by alternating horizons of unsaturated and saturated sands, loams and clays. Such hydrogeological conditions occur in the European part of Russia, most of which is occupied by the East European Plain. In the East European Plain, suffosion landslides are confined to the valleys of large rivers and their tributaries (Volga, Oka, Don, etc.), where their volumes can reach several million m3. In the Volgograd and Moscow regions, suffosion can result in soil decompaction at the base of slopes, or the formation of underground cavities in massifs, niches and grottoes on slopes, ultimately leading to the formation of suffosion landslides. Suffosion landslides are complex displacements of waterlogged soil masses formed as a result of suffosion and the subsequent associated collapse of the sides of suffosion cavities and niches. Indicators of suffosion landslides are: (1) the presence of a prograding fan of finely dispersed material at the base of slope and adjacent terrain, whose boundaries often exceed the landslide limits; and (2) a large number of ledges of different sizes on the surface of the landslide body created by uneven settling of blocks into the roof of suffosion cavities, and on the sides of suffosion niches. Suffosion landslides are often elongated, horseshoe-shaped, or ∞-shaped with a narrowing in the central part formed in saturated soils breaching from an underground suffosion cavity. Suffosion landslides do not have a marked sliding surface. Rather, soil displacement occurs over layers with strongly dispersed groundwater. The displacement rate of such landslides depends on the scale and speed of development of mechanical suffosion at the base of the slope.
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Tsentourou, Naya. "‘Let Lovers Sigh Out the Rest’: Witnessing the Breath in the Early Modern Emotional Body." In The Life of Breath in Literature, Culture and Medicine, 175–93. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74443-4_9.

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AbstractThis essay examines how breath is observed, recorded, and accounted for in cases of love melancholy in early modern literary and medical texts. It draws on the poetry of George Herbert and the works of Robert Burton and Jacques Ferrand on lovesickness to argue that writing on the respiration of the melancholic lover in the Renaissance involves a process of performative displacement as well as entanglement, most visible in the practice of intertextuality. As Tsentourou shows, intertextual references to emotional breathing blur the binary between patient and physician, casting bodies and texts as spaces where the detached witness conspires with the lovesick subject, and, in turn, with the reader.
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Conference papers on the topic "Displacement process"

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Lepski, B., Z. Bassiouni, and J. Wolcott. "Second-Contact Water Displacement Oil Recovery Process." In SPE/DOE Improved Oil Recovery Symposium. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/35360-ms.

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Mohiuddin, Zeeshan, and Manouchehr Haghighi. "Visualization of CO2 Displacement Process under Gravity Domination." In SPE Enhanced Oil Recovery Conference. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/144101-ms.

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Aono, T., Y. Ebata, S. Matsui, and T. Watanabe. "Large displacement plastic deformation process for silicon parasol structure." In 2013 Transducers & Eurosensors XXVII: The 17th International Conference on Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems (TRANSDUCERS & EUROSENSORS XXVII). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/transducers.2013.6626946.

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Egermann, P., M. Robin, J.-M. Lombard, A. Modavi, and M. Z. Kalam. "Gas Process Displacement Efficiency Comparisons on a Carbonate Reservoir." In Middle East Oil Show. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/81577-ms.

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Stalkup, F. I. "Displacement Behavior of the Condensing/Vaporizing Gas Drive Process." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/16715-ms.

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Kamalipour, MEISAM, M. Jamialahmadi, and A. Shahrabadi. "The Optimized Dispersivity Coefficient for a Miscible Displacement Process." In 1st International Petroleum Conference and Exhibition Shiraz 2009. Netherlands: EAGE Publications BV, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.20145986.

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Fuwei Zhu, Chong Xu, and Guansuo Dui. "Particle swarm hybridize with Gaussian Process Regression for displacement prediction." In 2010 IEEE Fifth International Conference on Bio-Inspired Computing: Theories and Applications (BIC-TA). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/bicta.2010.5645179.

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Dijkstra, Jelke, Wout Broere, and A. Frits van Tol. "Eulerian Simulation of the Installation Process of a Displacement Pile." In International Foundation Congress and Equipment Expo 2009. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41022(336)18.

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He Qingqiang, Zhang Qinhe, Liu Keqiang, and Chen Juhua. "Temperature-displacement simulation of shape metal 9-pass-cogging process." In International Technology and Innovation Conference 2006 (ITIC 2006). IEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp:20060931.

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Lee, S.-T., H. Lo, and B. T. Dharmawardhana. "Analysis of Mass Transfer Mechanisms Occurring in Rich Gas Displacement Process." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/18062-ms.

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Reports on the topic "Displacement process"

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Beck, Dave. Development of A Continuous Process for Displacement Dewatering. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/895289.

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Balhorn, R., N. V. Hud, M. Corzett, and J. Mazrimas. Importance of protamine phosphorylation to histone displacement in spermatids: can the disruption of this process be used for male contraception. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/641337.

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Foronda, Carlos, and Javier Beverinotti. Effects of Innovation on Employment: An Analysis at the Firm Level in Bolivia. Inter-American Development Bank, September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003640.

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This study quantifies the impact of process and product innovation on employment growth in Bolivia by using microdata from a survey on innovation conducted in Bolivia in 2016. Following the model of Harrison, Jaumandreu, Mairesse, and Peters (2008) and the adaptations for Latin America of Crespi and Tacsir (2013) and Elejalde, Giuliodori, and Stucchi (2015), we demonstrate that employment growth is explained by product innovation. On the other hand, we find no evidence of a displacement effect due to process innovation. With respect to innovation and work composition, we observe that the reation of qualified employment is slightly favored over that of unqualified employment.
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Philosoph-Hadas, Sonia, Peter B. Kaufman, Shimon Meir, and Abraham H. Halevy. Inhibition of the Gravitropic Shoot Bending in Stored Cut Flowers Through Control of Their Graviperception: Involvement of the Cytoskeleton and Cytosolic Calcium. United States Department of Agriculture, December 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2005.7586533.bard.

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Original objectives: The basic goal of the present project was to study the mechanism involved in shoot graviperception and early transduction, in order to determine the sequence of events operating in this process. This will enable to control the entire process of gravity-induced differential growth without affecting vertical growth processes essential for development. Thus, several new postulated interactions, operating at the perception and early transduction stages of the signaling cascade leading to auxin-mediated bending, were proposed to be examined in snapdragon spikes and oat shoot pulvini, according to the following research goals: 1) Establish the role of amyloplasts as gravireceptors in shoots; 2) Investigate gravity-induced changes in the integrity of shoot actin cytoskeleton (CK); 3) Study the cellular interactions among actin CK, statoliths and cell membranes (endoplasmic reticulum - ER, plasma membrane - PM) during shoot graviperception; 4) Examine mediation of graviperception by modulations of cytosolic calcium - [Ca2+]cyt, and other second messengers (protein phosphorylation, inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate - IP3). Revisions: 1) Model system: in addition to snapdragon (Antirrhinum majus L.) spikes and oat (Avena sativa) shoot pulvini, the model system of maize (Zea mays) primary roots was targeted to confirm a more general mechanism for graviperception. 2) Research topic: brassinolide, which were not included in the original plan, were examined for their regulatory role in gravity perception and signal transduction in roots, in relation to auxin and ethylene. Background to the topic: The negative gravitropic response of shoots is a complex multi-step process that requires the participation of various cellular components acting in succession or in parallel. Most of the long-lasting studies regarding the link between graviperception and cellular components were focused mainly on roots, and there are relatively few reports on shoot graviperception. Our previous project has successfully characterized several key events occurring during shoot bending of cut flowers and oat pulvini, including amyloplast displacement, hormonal interactions and differential growth analysis. Based on this evidence, the present project has focused on studying the initial graviperception process in flowering stems and cereal shoots. Major conclusions and achievements: 1) The actin and not the microtubule (MT) CK is involved in the graviperception of snapdragon shoots. 2) Gravisensing, exhibited by amyloplast displacement, and early transduction events (auxin redistribution) in the gravitropic response of snapdragon spikes are mediated by the acto-myosin complex. 3) MTs are involved in stem directional growth, which occurs during gravitropism of cut snapdragon spikes, but they are not necessary for the gravity-induced differential growth. 4) The role of amyloplasts as gravisensors in the shoot endodermis was demonstrated for both plant systems. 5) A gravity-induced increase in IP.
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Tran, Minh, and Reinna Bermudez. Durable Solutions for People Displaced by Typhoon Haiyan in Tacloban, Philippines. Stockholm Environment Institute, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51414/sei2022.050.

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This research assesses the impacts of displacement on quality of life and human rights in resettlement villages in Tacloban, a city in Region VIII of the Philippines that was hit the hardest by Typhoon Haiyan in 2013. Typhoon Haiyan, one of the most powerful tropical storms ever recorded, displaced over four million people in the Philippines. To understand the long-term impacts of displacement from this disaster, SEI and the Philippines’ national-level independent Commission on Human Rights (CHR) began research in 2020 on the development implications of disaster displacement and durable solutions. The study aims to inform legislative and policy processes related to human rights, development, transformative disaster risk reduction, long-term disaster recovery, durable solutions and internal displacement in the Philippines. The findings presented here are the first results from this study, which will be published in whole as a separate report.
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Gunay, Selim, Fan Hu, Khalid Mosalam, Arpit Nema, Jose Restrepo, Adam Zsarnoczay, and Jack Baker. Blind Prediction of Shaking Table Tests of a New Bridge Bent Design. Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.55461/svks9397.

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Considering the importance of the transportation network and bridge structures, the associated seismic design philosophy is shifting from the basic collapse prevention objective to maintaining functionality on the community scale in the aftermath of moderate to strong earthquakes (i.e., resiliency). In addition to performance, the associated construction philosophy is also being modernized, with the utilization of accelerated bridge construction (ABC) techniques to reduce impacts of construction work on traffic, society, economy, and on-site safety during construction. Recent years have seen several developments towards the design of low-damage bridges and ABC. According to the results of conducted tests, these systems have significant potential to achieve the intended community resiliency objectives. Taking advantage of such potential in the standard design and analysis processes requires proper modeling that adequately characterizes the behavior and response of these bridge systems. To evaluate the current practices and abilities of the structural engineering community to model this type of resiliency-oriented bridges, the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center (PEER) organized a blind prediction contest of a two-column bridge bent consisting of columns with enhanced response characteristics achieved by a well-balanced contribution of self-centering, rocking, and energy dissipation. The parameters of this blind prediction competition are described in this report, and the predictions submitted by different teams are analyzed. In general, forces are predicted better than displacements. The post-tension bar forces and residual displacements are predicted with the best and least accuracy, respectively. Some of the predicted quantities are observed to have coefficient of variation (COV) values larger than 50%; however, in general, the scatter in the predictions amongst different teams is not significantly large. Applied ground motions (GM) in shaking table tests consisted of a series of naturally recorded earthquake acceleration signals, where GM1 is found to be the largest contributor to the displacement error for most of the teams, and GM7 is the largest contributor to the force (hence, the acceleration) error. The large contribution of GM1 to the displacement error is due to the elastic response in GM1 and the errors stemming from the incorrect estimation of the period and damping ratio. The contribution of GM7 to the force error is due to the errors in the estimation of the base-shear capacity. Several teams were able to predict forces and accelerations with only moderate bias. Displacements, however, were systematically underestimated by almost every team. This suggests that there is a general problem either in the assumptions made or the models used to simulate the response of this type of bridge bent with enhanced response characteristics. Predictions of the best-performing teams were consistently and substantially better than average in all response quantities. The engineering community would benefit from learning details of the approach of the best teams and the factors that caused the models of other teams to fail to produce similarly good results. Blind prediction contests provide: (1) very useful information regarding areas where current numerical models might be improved; and (2) quantitative data regarding the uncertainty of analytical models for use in performance-based earthquake engineering evaluations. Such blind prediction contests should be encouraged for other experimental research activities and are planned to be conducted annually by PEER.
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Kiv, A. E., T. I. Maximova, and V. N. Soloviov. MD Simulation of the Ion-Stimulated Relaxation in Silicon Surface Layers. [б. в.], June 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/0564/1278.

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Thus it was established that ion bombardment of silicon surface in the energy region of the threshold of elastic displacement of atoms might allow to improve structural characteristics of surface lavers and to decrease the relaxation time. Energy dependencies of radiation induced processes show a possibility to improve the real staicture of Silicon surface and to accelerate the long-term surface relaxation in microelectronic technology.
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Shmulevich, Itzhak, Shrini Upadhyaya, Dror Rubinstein, Zvika Asaf, and Jeffrey P. Mitchell. Developing Simulation Tool for the Prediction of Cohesive Behavior Agricultural Materials Using Discrete Element Modeling. United States Department of Agriculture, October 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2011.7697108.bard.

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The underlying similarity between soils, grains, fertilizers, concentrated animal feed, pellets, and mixtures is that they are all granular materials used in agriculture. Modeling such materials is a complex process due to the spatial variability of such media, the origin of the material (natural or biological), the nonlinearity of these materials, the contact phenomenon and flow that occur at the interface zone and between these granular materials, as well as the dynamic effect of the interaction process. The lack of a tool for studying such materials has limited the understanding of the phenomena relevant to them, which in turn has led to energy loss and poor quality products. The objective of this study was to develop a reliable prediction simulation tool for cohesive agricultural particle materials using Discrete Element Modeling (DEM). The specific objectives of this study were (1) to develop and verify a 3D cohesionless agricultural soil-tillage tool interaction model that enables the prediction of displacement and flow in the soil media, as well as forces acting on various tillage tools, using the discrete element method; (2) to develop a micro model for the DEM formulation by creating a cohesive contact model based on liquid bridge forces for various agriculture materials; (3) to extend the model to include both plastic and cohesive behavior of various materials, such as grain and soil structures (e.g., compaction level), textures (e.g., clay, loam, several grains), and moisture contents; (4) to develop a method to obtain the parameters for the cohesion contact model to represent specific materials. A DEM model was developed that can represent both plastic and cohesive behavior of soil. Soil cohesive behavior was achieved by considering tensile force between elements. The developed DEM model well represented the effect of wedge shape on soil behavior and reaction force. Laboratory test results showed that wedge penetration resistance in highly compacted soil was two times greater than that in low compacted soil, whereas DEM simulation with parameters obtained from the test of low compacted soil could not simply be extended to that of high compacted soil. The modified model took into account soil failure strength that could be changed with soil compaction. A three dimensional representation composed of normal displacement, shear failure strength and tensile failure strength was proposed to design mechanical properties between elements. The model based on the liquid bridge theory. An inter particle tension force measurement tool was developed and calibrated A comprehensive study of the parameters of the contact model for the DEM taking into account the cohesive/water-bridge was performed on various agricultural grains using this measurement tool. The modified DEM model was compared and validated against the test results. With the newly developed model and procedure for determination of DEM parameters, we could reproduce the high compacted soil behavior and reaction forces both qualitatively and quantitatively for the soil conditions and wedge shapes used in this study. Moreover, the effect of wedge shape on soil behavior and reaction force was well represented with the same parameters. During the research we made use of the commercial PFC3D to analyze soil tillage implements. An investigation was made of three different head drillers. A comparison of three commonly used soil tillage systems was completed, such as moldboard plow, disc plow and chisel plow. It can be concluded that the soil condition after plowing by the specific implement can be predicted by the DEM model. The chisel plow is the most economic tool for increasing soil porosity. The moldboard is the best tool for soil manipulation. It can be concluded that the discrete element simulation can be used as a reliable engineering tool for soil-implement interaction quantitatively and qualitatively.
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Psuty, Norbert, Christopher Menke, Katherine Ames, Andrea Aabeck, and Casey Jones. Shoreline position and coastal topographical change monitoring at Assateague Island National Seashore: 2005–2020 trend report. National Park Service, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2293154.

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This trend report summarizes the results of shoreline position and coastal topography surveys conducted semi-annually from the spring of 2005 through the fall of 2020. Shoreline position was collected in the Assateague Island National Seashore (ASIS), the Assateague State Park, and the Chincoteague National Wildlife Refuge, whereas coastal topography was collected only in the Assateague Island National Seashore and the Assateague State Park. The assembled datasets are processed to provide spatial depictions and statistical analyses of annual changes, 5-year changes, and the extended 15-year changes. Although there were considerable variations in the alongshore dimensions of change, the largest and most consistent vectors of annual shoreline position and coastal topography changes were produced by storm impacts, such as Hurricane Sandy and the winter storms in 2016, followed by the subsequent recovery. As a result of Hurricane Sandy (October 2012), the entire oceanside shoreline position of Assateague Island was displaced inland, and there was a loss of total cross-section area in the profiles. There was variable recovery post-Hurricane Sandy in both the shoreline position and coastal topography profiles. The winter of 2016 was also particularly stormy and had a higher mean net landward shoreline position displacement than post-Hurricane Sandy. Throughout the survey period, the termini of the island were exceptionally dynamic. The northern 2.5 km of Assateague Island National Seashore had a mean net seaward displacement, whereas the southern portion of the Chincoteague National Wildlife Refuge was the site of major inland displacement along the oceanside and as well as downdrift seaward extension of Toms Cove Hook. From 2005 through 2020, the only section of the oceanside shoreline position that had a positive trend of mean net displacement was the northernmost portion of Assateague Island, associated with local conditions created by the presence of the ebb tide delta and the Ocean City inlet jetty. All other parts of the ocean shoreline position had a negative trend of change; the highest rate of erosion occurred at the southern portion of Chincoteague National Wildlife Refuge. Contrary to the oceanside shoreline position, a portion of the Toms Cove Hook shoreline had a trend of seaward displacement as the spit extended in the direction of sediment transport. Other trends occurred in the areas where profiles were surveyed. Most of the dune area in ASIS gained in cross-section over time, except for portions of Assateague State Park. The dune elevation tended to gain in ASIS North and lower in ASIS South. Other than the profiles in Assateague State Park, the total cross-section area increased, with the highest rate of cross-section area gain in the northern portion of Assateague Island.
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10

Riveros, Guillermo, Felipe Acosta, Reena Patel, and Wayne Hodo. Computational mechanics of the paddlefish rostrum. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41860.

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Abstract:
Purpose – The rostrum of a paddlefish provides hydrodynamic stability during feeding process in addition to detect the food using receptors that are randomly distributed in the rostrum. The exterior tissue of the rostrum covers the cartilage that surrounds the bones forming interlocking star shaped bones. Design/methodology/approach – The aim of this work is to assess the mechanical behavior of four finite element models varying the type of formulation as follows: linear-reduced integration, linear-full integration, quadratic-reduced integration and quadratic-full integration. Also presented is the load transfer mechanisms of the bone structure of the rostrum. Findings – Conclusions are based on comparison among the four models. There is no significant difference between integration orders for similar type of elements. Quadratic-reduced integration formulation resulted in lower structural stiffness compared with linear formulation as seen by higher displacements and stresses than using linearly formulated elements. It is concluded that second-order elements with reduced integration and can model accurately stress concentrations and distributions without over stiffening their general response. Originality/value – The use of advanced computational mechanics techniques to analyze the complex geometry and components of the paddlefish rostrum provides a viable avenue to gain fundamental understanding of the proper finite element formulation needed to successfully obtain the system behavior and hot spot locations.
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