Relevant bibliographies by topics / Displacement amplification

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Displacement amplification'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 13 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Displacement amplification"

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Luthra, Rajyalakshmi, and L. Jeffrey Medeiros. "Isothermal Multiple Displacement Amplification." Journal of Molecular Diagnostics 6, no. 3 (August 2004): 236–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1525-1578(10)60516-8.

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Burd, S. C., R. Srinivas, J. J. Bollinger, A. C. Wilson, D. J. Wineland, D. Leibfried, D. H. Slichter, and D. T. C. Allcock. "Quantum amplification of mechanical oscillator motion." Science 364, no. 6446 (June 20, 2019): 1163–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aaw2884.

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Detection of the weakest forces in nature is aided by increasingly sensitive measurements of the motion of mechanical oscillators. However, the attainable knowledge of an oscillator’s motion is limited by quantum fluctuations that exist even if the oscillator is in its lowest possible energy state. We demonstrate a technique for amplifying coherent displacements of a mechanical oscillator with initial magnitudes well below these zero-point fluctuations. When applying two orthogonal squeezing interactions, one before and one after a small displacement, the displacement is amplified, ideally with no added quantum noise. We implemented this protocol with a trapped-ion mechanical oscillator and determined an increase by a factor of up to 7.3 (±0.3) in sensitivity to small displacements.
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Dean, F. B., S. Hosono, L. Fang, X. Wu, A. F. Faruqi, P. Bray-Ward, Z. Sun, et al. "Comprehensive human genome amplification using multiple displacement amplification." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 99, no. 8 (April 16, 2002): 5261–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.082089499.

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AROUETTE, Xavier, Yasuaki MATSUMOTO, Yoshiyuki OKAYAMA, and Norihisa MIKI. "2A1-G29 Hydraulic Amplification Mechanism for Large Displacement Actuators Systems." Proceedings of JSME annual Conference on Robotics and Mechatronics (Robomec) 2010 (2010): _2A1—G29_1—_2A1—G29_3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmermd.2010._2a1-g29_1.

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Song, Jong-Keol, and JoséA Pincheira. "Spectral Displacement Demands of Stiffness- and Strength-Degrading Systems." Earthquake Spectra 16, no. 4 (November 2000): 817–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.1586141.

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The effect of stiffness and strength degradation on the maximum inelastic displacement of single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) systems was investigated. The SDOF model included strength and stiffness degradation with increasing deformation amplitude and upon reversal of loading cycles. Pinching of the hysteresis loops was also considered. Spectral displacements were calculated for oscillators with a myriad of degrading characteristics subjected to twelve ground motions on rock, firm and soft soils. The results show that the maximum displacements of degrading oscillators are, on average, larger than those of nondegrading systems. The displacement amplification varies significantly with the period, strength coefficient, degradation rate, and ground motion considered. Nonetheless, the amplification due to the degradation characteristics of the system is much more important in the short period range where average amplification factors of two or three are credible. The amplification factors proposed by ATC 33 provided conservative estimates for oscillators with periods greater than 0.3 seconds subjected to motions on rock or firm soil. On soft soils, a good correlation was found for periods greater than 1.5 seconds. At shorter periods, the ATC 33 factors underestimate the displacement amplification.
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Jiang, Z. "Genome amplification of single sperm using multiple displacement amplification." Nucleic Acids Research 33, no. 10 (June 2, 2005): e91-e91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gni089.

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Walker, G. Terrance, Melinda S. Fraiser, James L. Schram, Michael C. Little, James G. Nadeau, and Douglas P. Malinowski. "Strand displacement amplification—an isothermal,in vitroDNA amplification technique." Nucleic Acids Research 20, no. 7 (1992): 1691–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/20.7.1691.

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Fan, Wei, Huaxue Jin, Yuchen Fu, and Yuyang Lin. "A type of symmetrical differential lever displacement amplification mechanism." Mechanics & Industry 22 (2021): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/meca/2021003.

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The paper proposes a type of symmetrical flexure hinge displacement amplification mechanism, which is based on the differential lever to effectively improve the displacement output stroke of the PZT and reduce the additional displacement. In addition to describes the working principle of the differential displacement amplification, it establishes the semi-model of the micro-displacement amplification mechanism according to the symmetrical structure. The stiffness, displacement loss, and natural frequency of the amplification mechanism are simulated by finite element analysis (FEA). Simultaneously, build the mathematical model of amplification ratio to obtain the optimal driving frequency when the natural frequency is 930.58 Hz. The maximum output displacement of the designed mechanism is 313.05 µm and the amplification ratio is 6.50. Due to the symmetrical structure, the output additional displacement of the whole amplification mechanism is small.It provides a scientific basis for further improving the positioning accuracy of the micro/nano drive control system.
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Lasken, Roger S. "Genomic DNA amplification by the multiple displacement amplification (MDA) method." Biochemical Society Transactions 37, no. 2 (March 20, 2009): 450–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst0370450.

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Large amounts of DNA are frequently required for use in detection assays and genomic analysis. The limited availability of DNA can be a critical obstacle to meeting research and clinical needs. DNA amplification methods are often required to generate sufficient material from small specimens or environmental samples with low DNA content. The MDA (multiple displacement amplification) reaction is increasingly the method of choice for many applications because of its extensive coverage of the genome, the generation of extremely long DNA products compared with older whole genome amplification methods and the high DNA yields, even from exceedingly low amounts of starting material. Remarkably, MDA enables genomic sequencing even from single microbial cells. Some of the uses of MDA and its strengths and limitations will be discussed.
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Walker, G. T. "Empirical aspects of strand displacement amplification." Genome Research 3, no. 1 (August 1, 1993): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/gr.3.1.1.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Displacement amplification"

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Brown, Daniel F. Jr. "Single crystal piezoelectric pumping using displacement amplification." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/19124.

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Morant, Nick. "Novel thermostable DNA polymerases for isothermal DNA amplification." Thesis, University of Bath, 2015. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.667735.

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DNA polymerases play a fundamental role in the transmission and maintenance of genetic information and have become an important in vitro diagnostic and analytical tool. The Loop-mediated isothermal DNA amplification (LAMP) method has major applications for disease and pathogen detection and utilises the unique strand-displacement activity of a small group of thermostable DNA polymerases. The Large (Klenow-like) Fragment of Geobacillus stearothermophilus DNA polymerase I (B.st LF Pol I) currently serves as the enzyme of choice for the majority of these isothermal reactions, with few alternatives commercially available. An increasing need for point-of-care nucleic acid diagnostics is now shifting detection methods away from traditional laboratory based chemistries, such as the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), in favour of faster, and often simpler, isothermal methods. It was recognised that in order to facilitate these rapid isothermal reactions there was a requirement for alternative thermostable, strand-displacing DNA polymerases and this was the basis of this thesis. This thesis reports the successful identification of polymerases from Family A, chosen for their inherent strand-displacement activity, which is essential for the removal of RNA primers of Okazaki fragments during lagging-strand DNA synthesis in vivo. Twelve thermophilic organisms, with growth temperature ranges between 50oC and 80oC, were identified and the genomic DNA extracted. Where DNA sequences were unavailable, a gene-walking technique revealed the polA sequences, enabling the Large Fragment Pol I to be cloned and the recombinant protein over-expressed in Escherichia coli. A three-stage column chromatography purification permitted the characterisation of ten newly identified Pol I enzymes suitable for use in LAMP. Thermodesulfatator indicus (T.in) Pol I proved to be the most interesting enzyme isolated. Demonstrating strong strand-displacement activity and thermostability to 98oC, T.in Pol I is uniquely suitable to a newly termed heat-denaturing LAMP (HD-LAMP) reaction offering many potential advantages over the existing LAMP protocol. The current understanding of strand-displacement activity of Pol I is poorly understood. This thesis recognised the need to identify the exact regions and motifs responsible for this activity of the enzyme, enabling potential enhancements to be made. Enzyme engineering using site-directed mutagenesis and the formation of chimeras confirmed the importance of specific subdomains in strand-separation activity. With this knowledge, a unique Thermus aquaticus (T.aq) Pol I mutant demonstrated sufficient strand-displacement activity to permit its use in LAMP for the first time. The fusion of Cren7, a double-stranded DNA binding protein, to Pol I for use in LAMP is also reported. Although the fusion construct was found to reduce amplification speed, enhancements were observed in the presence of increased salt concentrations and it is suggested here as a means for future enzyme development.
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Anscombe, C. J. "Multiple displacement amplification and whole genome sequencing for the diagnosis of infectious diseases." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2016. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/18409.

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Next-generation sequencing technologies are revolutionising our ability to characterise and investigate infectious diseases. Utilising the power of high throughput sequencing, this study reports, the development of a sensitive, non-PCR based, unbiased amplification method, which allows the rapid and accurate sequencing of multiple microbial pathogens directly from clinical samples. The method employs Φ29 DNA polymerase, a highly efficient enzyme able to produce strand displacement during the polymerisation process with high fidelity. Problems with DNA secondary structure were overcome and the method optimised to produce sufficient DNA to sequence from a single bacterial cell in two hours. Evidence was also found that the enzyme requires at least six bases of single stranded DNA to initiate replication, and is not capable of amplification from nicks. Φ29 multiple displacement amplification was shown to be suitable for a range of GC contents and bacterial cell wall types as well as for viral pathogens. The method was shown to be able to provide relative quantification of mixed cells, and a method for quantification of viruses using a known standard was developed. To complement the novel molecular biology workflow, a data analysis pipeline was developed to allow pathogen identification and characterisation without prior knowledge of input. The use of de novo assemblies for annotation was shown to be equivalent to the use of polished reference genomes. Single cell Φ29 MDA samples had better assembly and annotation than non-amplification controls, a novel finding which, when combined with the very long DNA fragments produced, has interesting implications for a variety of analytical procedures. A sampling process was developed to allow isolation and amplification of pathogens directly from clinical samples, with good concordance shown between this method and traditional testing. The process was tested on a variety of modelled and real clinical samples showing good application to sterile site infections, particularly bacteraemia models. Within these samples multiple bacterial, viral and parasitic pathogens were identified, showing good application across multiple infection types. Emerging pathogens were identified including Onchocerca volvulus within a CSF sample, and Sneathia sanguinegens within an STI sample. Use of Φ29 MDA allows rapid and accurate amplification of whole pathogen genomes. When this is coupled with the sample processing developed here it is possible to detect the presence of pathogens in sterile sites with a sensitivity of a single genome copy.
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Thornley, John K. "Methods of application of piezoelectric multilayer actuators to high-speed clutching, using displacement amplification." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1993. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/10851.

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The suitability of electromagnetic actuating devices for application to machines with ever more demanding response time specifications is discussed, with the proposal that piezoelectric actuator technology can produce practical devices with faster response times than solenoids, for example. This thesis discusses and validates the proposition that the performance of piezoelectric ceramic actuators makes them viable devices for inclusion in high-speed machine applications, where rapid clutching using two-state actuation is required. Further, techniques are devised and explored for the design and application of these devices using displacement amplifying structures, which lead to the utilisation of engineering methods of relatively low precision. This is highly advantageous as to date, the piezoelectric multilayer actuator has usually been associated with high precision engineering. Applications of piezoelectric ceramic technology are reviewed, and the mechanical and electrical properties of these materials are discussed. Literature covering applications of piezoelectric actuators in relation to clutches, motors and positioners is also reviewed. This data search revealed many devices or systems where the displacement amplification of piezoelectric actuators was exploited in some way, but failed to show any devices where the high efficiency of these amplifying structures was either primary or even necessarily achieved. Indeed, it was concluded that in the absence of such applications or methodologies, a fruitful area of research might be to explore these methodologies. This work is a core element of this thesis. Using two basic topologies, devices producing efficient transformation of high-force, small movement two-state actuation, to larger movement with lower force, have been designed (using flexural hinge methods), manufactured, tested and analyzed. Hydraulic transformers have been briefly investigated and ultimately rejected on the grounds of comparative complexity. For any displacement amplifying or transforming device, applications for these systems are widely varying, but criteria for advantageous employment of the piezoelectric approach, as opposed to electromagnetic, are established. Design techniques which are partially analytical and partially experiential are proposed, which in practice exhibit adeptness for producing well-optimised designs. These methods are incorporated into special purpose structure-designer computer programs. Several design examples are detailed, and their performance analyzed in comparison with the modelling techniques and design program predictions. The application of these displacement amplifiers is discussed by example, to two discrete motion machines, both of which have been designed specifically to demonstrate the possibilities of using piezoelectric technology to regulate discrete motion drives. It is shown that the speed of response of the devices is such, that the concept of zero-velocity clutching with the intention of minimising wear, is feasible.
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Muharam, Firman Alamsyah. "Overcoming problems with limiting DNA samples in forensics and clinical diagnostics using multiple displacement amplification." Queensland University of Technology, 2006. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16207/.

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The availability of DNA samples that are of adequate quality and quantity is essential for any genetic analysis. The fields of forensic biology and clinical diagnostic pathology testing often suffer from limited samples that yield insufficient DNA material to allow extensive analysis. This study examined the utility of a recently introduced whole genome amplification method termed Multiple Displacement Amplification (MDA) for amplifying a variety of limited sample types that are commonly encountered in the fields of forensic biology and clinical diagnostics. The MDA reaction, which employs the highly processive bacteriophage φ29 DNA polymerase, was found to generate high molecular weight template DNA suitable for a variety of downstream applications from low copy number DNA samples down to the single genome level. MDA of single cells yielded sufficient DNA for up to 20,000,000 PCR assays, allowing further confirmatory testing on samples of limited quantities or the archiving of precious DNA material for future work. The amplification of degraded DNA material using MDA identified a requirement for samples of sufficient quality to allow successful synthesis of product DNA templates. Furthermore, the utility of MDA products in comparative genomic hybridisation (CGH) assays identified the presence of amplification bias. However, this bias was overcome by introducing a novel modification to the MDA protocol. Future directions for this work include investigations into the utility of MDA products in short tandem repeat (STR) assays for human identifications and application of the modified MDA protocol for testing of single cell samples for genetic abnormalities.
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Akinbami, Omolola Adetola. "Use of multiple displacement amplification based approaches for detection and analysis of environmentally significant and contaminating bacteria in fresh water." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.602407.

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One of the great challenges of microbial analysis in natural environments derives from the fact that a large proportion of microorganisms present is not culturable in standard conditions. To overcome this, various molecular approaches are widely used. Multiple Displacement Amplification (MDA) is especially useful as it can be applied in conjunction with other techniques to identify genes derived from individual microbial cells. The aim of this project was to study freshwater samples obtained from various environments in Ireland in order to identify dominant bacterial species and key genes associated with them that were likely to be involved in biodegradation of contaminating compounds. In order to do this, various molecular approaches were applied, with the most important being MDA assisted PCR. The tlree fresh water environments studied were: commercial bottled water, agriculturally contaminated ground water obtained from Co. Kilkenny, Ireland and ground water samples obtained from a diesel-contaminated site in Northern Ireland. In these environments, dominant bacterial strains were identified using MDA assisted PCR. Strains related to Rhodoferax ferrireducens were identified in commercial bottled water; Pseudomonas fluorescens and Polaromonas sp. in agriculturally-contaminated ground water samples; Dechloromonas aromatica and Pseudomonas putida in diesel-contaminated ground water samples. Functional genes (nitrate reductase and naphthalene dioxygenase) which are known to be involved in biodegradation were shown to be present in some of the strains. It was shown that the narG gene (nitrate reductase) was associated with strains related to Pseudomonas fluorescens, Alicycliphilus denitrificans and Polaromonas naphthalenivorans detected in agricultural-contaminated ground water. Naphthalene dioxygenase gene (nahAc) was associated with strains related to Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pseudomonas putida and nagAc (another naphthalene dioxygenase gene) with Ralstonia pickettii detected III ground water samples obtained from a diesel-contaminated site in Northern Ireland. To achieve a more comprehensive characterization of the studied environments corresponding 16S rRNA gene libraries were obtained and analysed. Sequences found in these libraries were affiliated with Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Chloroflexi, Actinobacteria and Cyanobacteria
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Rönn, Ann-Charlotte. "Analysis of Nucleotide Variations in Non-human Primates." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Molecular Medicine, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-7904.

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Many of our closest relatives, the primates, are endangered and could be extinct in a near future. To increase the knowledge of non-human primate genomes, and at the same time acquire information on our own genomic evolution, studies using high-throughput technologies are applied, which raises the demand for large amounts of high quality DNA.

In study I and II, we evaluated the multiple displacement amplification (MDA) technique, a whole genome amplification method, on a wide range of DNA sources, such as blood, hair and semen, by comparing MDA products to genomic DNA as templates for several commonly used genotyping methods. In general, the genotyping success rate from the MDA products was in concordance with the genomic DNA. The quality of sequences of the mitochondrial control region obtained from MDA products from blood and non-invasively collected semen samples was maintained. However, the readable sequence length was shorter for MDA products.

Few studies have focused on the genetic variation in the nuclear genes of non-human primates. In study III, we discovered 23 new single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the Y-chromosome of the chimpanzee. We designed a tag-microarray minisequencing assay for genotyping the SNPs together with 19 SNPs from the literature and 45 SNPs in the mitochondrial DNA. Using the microarray, we were able to analyze the population structure of wild-living chimpanzees.

In study IV, we established 111 diagnostic nucleotide positions for primate genera determination. We used sequence alignments of the nuclear epsilon globin gene and apolipoprotein B gene to identify positions for determination on the infraorder and Catarrhini subfamily level, respectively, and sequence alignments of the mitochondrial 12S rRNA (MT-RNR1) to identify positions to distinguish between genera. We designed a microarray assay for immobilized minisequencing primers for genotyping these positions to aid in the forensic determination of an unknown sample.

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Brito, Luciana Carla Neves. "Análise microbiológica de infecções endodônticas utilizando a associação das técnicas do Multiple Displacement Amplification (MDA) e da Hibridização DNA-DNA (Checkerboard)." Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/ZMRO-77LM2N.

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Multiple Displacement Amplification (MDA) has been used to uniformly amplify bacterial genomes present in small samples, providing abundant targets for molecular analysis. The purpose of this investigation was to combine MDA and checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization to examine the microbiota of endodontic infections. 66 samples were collected from teeth with endodontic infections. Non-amplified and MDA amplified samples were analyzed by checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization for levels and proportions of 77 bacterial taxa. Counts, % DNA probe counts and % of teeth colonized for each species in amplified and non-amplified samples were computed. Significance of differences for each species between amplified and non- amplified samples was determined using the Wilcoxon signed ranks test and adjusted for multiple comparisons. The average amount of DNA present in clinical samples ranged from 6.80 (± 5.2) ng before to 6.26 (± 1.73) ìg after MDA. 70 of the 77 DNA probes hybridized with one or more of the non-amplified samples, while all probes hybridized with at least one sample after amplification. Most commonly detected species at levels > 104 in both amplified and non-amplified samples were Prevotella tannerae and Acinetobacter baumannii at frequencies ranging from 89-100% of samples. The mean number (± SEM) of species at counts >104 in amplified samples was 51.2 ± 2.2 and in non-amplified samples was 14.5 ± 1.7. The combination of MDA and checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization demonstrated the presence of wide range of bacterial species in endodontic samples and could facilitate studies evaluating the microbiota of endodontic infections.
A técnica do Multiple Displacement Amplification (MDA) vem sendo utilizado para amplificar uniformemente o genoma bacteriano presente em pequenas amostras, fornecendo grandes melhorias nas análises moleculares. O propósito desta pesquisa foi associar o MDA e a hibridização DNA-DNA (checkerboard) para examinar a microbiota de infecções endodônticas. Sessenta e seis amostras foram coletadas de infecções endodônticas. As amostras não amplificadas e aquelas amplificadas pelo MDA foram analisadas pelo checkerboard para a determinação dos níveis e proporções de 77 taxas bacterianas. Computaram-se a contagem, percentagem do total de DNA e percentagem de dentes colonizados para cada espécie em amostras amplificadas e não amplificadas. As diferenças significantes para cada espécie entre as amostras amplificadas e não amplificadas foram determinadas utilizando-se o teste de Wilcoxon e ajustado para comparações múltiplas. A quantidade média de DNA presente nas amostras clínicas variou de 6,80 (± 5,2) ng sem amplificação a 6,26 (± 1,73) ìg após a utilização do MDA. Setenta das 77 sondas de DNA hibridizaram com uma ou mais das amostras não amplificadas, enquanto todas as sondas hibridizaram com no mínimo uma amostra após a amplificação. As espécies mais comumente detectadas no nível > 104 células bacterianas, nas amostras amplificadas e não amplificadas, foram Prevotella tannerae e Acinetobacter baumannii numa freqüência que variou de 89-100% das amostras. O número médio (± SEM) de espécies nas contagens >104 células bacterianas, nas amostras amplificadas, foi de 51,2 ± 2,2 e, nas não amplificadas, foi de 14,5 ± 1,7. A combinação do MDA e da hibridização DNA-DNA (checkerboard) demonstrou a presença de uma grande variedade de espécies bacterianas nas amostras endodônticas demonstrando sua utilidade naqueles estudos que avaliam a microbiota presente nas infecções endodônticas.
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Halilovic, Amina. "SÄKERSTÄLLNING AV SÄLLSYNTA DNA-KONTROLLER MED HELGENOMAMPLIFIERING I KLINISKT SYFTE." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för hälsa och samhälle (HS), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-24387.

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Vid klinisk enbaspolymorfi (SNP) analys inkluderas DNA-kontroller med kända genotyper i varje analysomgång för att säkerställa riktigheten vad gäller analysresultatet. DNA-kontrollerna har en central roll för resultatens trovärdighet vid genotypningen. Vissa kontrollprover som används är av sällsynt genotyp och kan vara mycket svåra att få tag på. Detta arbete har utförts för att undersöka om det går att erhålla DNA-material från sällsynta genotyper med hjälp av helgenomamplifiering och på så sätt säkerställa en tillgång till dessa. I arbetet testades helgenomamplifiering med hjälp av två olika kit. De helgenomamplifierade produkternas kvantitet och kvalitet analyserades och jämfördes med det ursprungliga DNA:t, med avsikt att redogöra för det mest fördelaktiga kitet för SNP-analys i kliniskt syfte. Båda helgenomamplifierings-kiten påvisade god förmåga att amplifiera genomiskt DNA med hög kvalité. Helgenomamplifierat DNA från det bästa kitet sekvenserades och här var skillnader mellan ursprungligt och helgenomamplifierat DNA marginella. Vid sekvensanalys av ett 464 baspar långt fragment av faktor II genen och 585 baspar långt fragment av ApoE genen på fem helgenomamplifierade DNA-prover påvisades endast en eventuell diskrepans.
Clinical single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) analysis includes DNA controls with known genotypes in each run to ensure the accuracy of the analysis results. DNA controls have a central role for the credibility of the results in the genotyping process. Some of the used control samples are rare and can be very difficult to obtain. This work was carried out to investigate whether it is possible to obtain DNA from samples with a rare genotype using whole genome amplification and as a result ensure access to these samples. In this work the whole genome amplification method was tested by two different kits. The quantity and quality of the whole genome amplification products were analyzed and compared with the original DNA, with the intention to describe the most advantageous kit for clinical SNP analysis. Both tested kits demonstrated a good ability to amplify genomic DNA with high quality. Whole genome amplified DNA from the best kit was sequenced and the difference between the original DNA and whole genome amplified DNA was negligible. Sequence analysis of 464 base pairs of the factor II gene and 585 base pairs of the ApoE gene in five whole genome amplified DNA samples indicated only one possible discrepancy.
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Yazgan, Ufuk. "A Methodology For Determination Of Performance Based Design Parameters." Master's thesis, METU, 2003. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/4/1120682/index.pdf.

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Establishment of relationships for predicting the lateral drift demands of near-fault ground motions is one of the major challenges in earthquake engineering. Excessive lateral drifts caused by earthquake ground motions are the major causes of structural damage observed in structures. In this study, some of the fundamental characteristics of near-fault ground motions are examined. Response characteristics of elastic frame structures to near-fault ground motions are investigated. An approximate method for estimating the elastic ground story and interstory drifts for regular frame type structures is presented. Inelastic displacement demands imposed on elasto-plastic single degree of freedom (SDOF) systems subjected to near-fault ground are examined. Three equations for estimating the maximum lateral inelastic displacement demand from the maximum elastic displacement demand are established. Two of these equations relate the inelastic and elastic displacement demands through natural period and strength reduction factor. The third equation relates the inelastic and elastic displacement demands through the ratio of natural period to pulse period and the strength reduction factor. Efficiency of the natural period to pulse period ratio for estimating the inelastic displacement ratio is shown. Error statistics of the proposed equations are presented and compared with similar studies in the literature. According to the results, these equations can be used for quick and rough estimates of displacement demands imposed on regular elastic moment resisting frames and elasto-plastic single degree of systems.
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Books on the topic "Displacement amplification"

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Thornley, John K. Methods of application of piezoelectric multilayer actuators to high-speed clutching, using displacement amplification. 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "Displacement amplification"

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Gilbert, J. A., K. Zhang, and J. D. Neufeld. "Multiple Displacement Amplification." In Handbook of Hydrocarbon and Lipid Microbiology, 4255–63. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-77587-4_333.

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Reid, Robert A., and G. Terrance Walker. "In SituStrand Displacement Amplification." In Nonradioactive Analysis of Biomolecules, 367–73. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57206-7_30.

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Foster, Simon J., and Brendon J. Monahan. "Amplification of Fungal Genomes Using Multiple Displacement Amplification." In Molecular and Cell Biology Methods for Fungi, 175–85. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60761-611-5_13.

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Kroneis, Thomas, and Amin El-Heliebi. "Whole Genome Amplification by Isothermal Multiple Strand Displacement Using Phi29 DNA Polymerase." In Whole Genome Amplification, 111–17. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2990-0_8.

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Huang, Weiheng, Hongmin Cai, Wei Shao, Bo Xu, and Fuqiang Li. "MDAGenera: An Efficient and Accurate Simulator for Multiple Displacement Amplification." In Intelligent Computing Theories and Application, 258–67. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-42291-6_25.

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Hansen, Sören, Oumar Faye, Sabri S. Sanabani, Martin Faye, Susanne Böhlken-Fascher, Ousmane Faye, Amadou Alpha Sall, et al. "Zika Virus Amplification Using Strand Displacement Isothermal Method and Sequencing Using Nanopore Technology." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 123–36. New York, NY: Springer US, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-0581-3_11.

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Westermann, Peter, and Thomas Kvist. "Microscopic Single-Cell Isolation and Multiple Displacement Amplification of Genomes from Uncultured Prokaryotes." In Handbook of Molecular Microbial Ecology I, 741–46. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118010518.ch77.

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Chen, Weilin, and Xianmin Zhang. "Optimal Design of a Novel Compliant Orthogonal Displacement Amplification Mechanism Considering Static and Dynamic Properties." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 689–700. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-2875-5_57.

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Chen, Yin, Marc G. Dumont, Joshua D. Neufeld, and J. Colin Murrell. "Towards “Focused” Metagenomics: A Case Study Combining DNA Stable-Isotope Probing, Multiple Displacement Amplification, and Metagenomics." In Handbook of Molecular Microbial Ecology I, 491–96. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118010518.ch55.

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Palermo, Michele, Stefano Silvestri, Giada Gasparini, and Tomaso Trombetti. "Maximum Corner Displacement Amplifications for Inelastic One-Storey In-Plan Asymmetric Systems Under Seismic Excitation." In Seismic Behaviour and Design of Irregular and Complex Civil Structures II, 243–54. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14246-3_22.

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Conference papers on the topic "Displacement amplification"

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Tagliavi, Zeinab, and Sorin Draghici. "MDAsim: A multiple displacement amplification simulator." In 2012 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/bibm.2012.6392622.

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Elsisy, Moataz M., Yasser Anis, Mustafa Arafa, and Chahinaz Saleh. "Modeling of a Symmetric Five-Bar Displacement Amplification Compliant Mechanism Using Energy Methods." In ASME 2015 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2015-8829.

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We present a symmetric five-bar compliant mechanism for the displacement amplification of mechanical vibration. When the proposed mechanism is connected to an energy harvester, amplification of the input excitation vibration amplitude leads to an increase in the harvested power. Displacements in the compliant mechanism are caused by deflections in its flexure hinges. The flexure hinges we use are either of the right-circular, or the corner-filleted types. The mechanism is analyzed using energy methods. The displacement amplification was verified analytically and numerically using a finite element model. Through our model we present relations governing the displacement amplification in terms of the design parameters, such as the geometry of the mechanism, the flexure hinges dimensions, in addition to the load caused by the harvester. The effects of the flexure hinge dimensions on displacement amplification, are also presented.
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Tanksale, Abhijit A., and Prasanna S. Gandhi. "On Novel Dynamic Displacement Amplification Using Compliant Mechanisms." In ASME 2018 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2018-87638.

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Flexure based micro or nano positioning systems are among the most widely used positioning systems in micro or nano engineering domain. More often, piezoelectric actuators (PZTs) or voice coil actuators are used for the actuation of such highly precise flexure based positioning systems. However, the range of motion or stroke of these actuators is limited. Previous literature shows the use of various displacement amplifying compliant mechanisms (DACMs) to address this problem. This paper proposes a novel approach of dynamic displacement amplification using the compliant mechanism (DDACM). The well-known vibration absorber effect is observed and employed to amplify the displacement (rather than for suppressing vibrations) of output mass as compared to intermediate mass using double parallelogram compliant mechanism. Different amplification ratios can be obtained by tuning the frequency of excitation. We, further propose a nonlinear model that effectively captures the resulting behaviour of DDACM. Simulation results with the proposed model are validated with corresponding experimental results on DDACM within the accuracy of 10%.
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Ninomiya, T., K. Osawa, Y. Okayama, Y. Matsumoto, and N. Miki. "MEMS Tactile Display with Hydraulic Displacement Amplification Mechanism." In 2009 IEEE 22nd International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/memsys.2009.4805420.

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Neal, Devin, and H. Harry Asada. "Dynamic Performance of Nonlinear 100X Displacement Amplification Piezoelectric Actuator." In ASME 2010 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2010-4227.

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The dynamic frequency response of a nonlinear piezoelectric amplification mechanism capable of over 150 fold displacement amplification is presented. Research to amplify the displacement of piezoelectric actuators has included flexure based approaches that utilize geometric configuration, and has included frequency based approaches that utilize resonance and small steps to contribute to a full motion. The dynamic operation of the actuator presented here utilizes the benefits from both of these methods. The geometry allows for great displacement amplification, and operation within a specific frequency band allows for the exploitation of a nonlinear singularity. The actuator has three distinct modes of dynamic operation, one of which achieves significant displacement by utilizing momentum to pass through a singular configuration. A nonlinear model, linear models for each frequency response mode, and multiple prototypes are presented. This actuator operating in the high displacement frequency band is promising as an input actuator for stepping mechanisms.
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Elsisy, Moataz, Yasser Anis, Mustafa Arafa, and Chahinaz Saleh. "Displacement Amplification Using a Compliant Mechanism for Vibration Energy Harvesting." In ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2015-51904.

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In this paper, we introduce a symmetric five-bar compliant mechanism for the displacement amplification of mechanical vibration. When the proposed mechanism is connected to an energy harvester, input excitation vibrations to the mechanism are amplified, which leads to an increase in harvested power. The mechanism is composed of both rigid links and flexure hinges, which enable deflection. The flexure hinges we use are either of the right-circular, or the corner-filleted types. The mechanism is analyzed using a pseudo-rigid-body-model, where flexure hinges are substituted with rotational springs. We developed an analytical model of the displacement amplification, which was validated both experimentally and numerically using a finite element model. Our model reveals that the displacement amplification is a function in design parameters, such as the geometry of the mechanism, the flexure hinges stiffness, in addition to the load caused by the harvester. The effects of the flexure hinge dimensions on the flexure hinges stiffness, and thus on displacement amplification were investigated. Preliminary experiments indicate the success of our proposed mechanism in amplifying small excitation harmonic inputs and generation of power.
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Chen, Tzung-Ming, Florian Schneider, and Ulrike Wallrabe. "Compliant scanning micromirror actuated with a displacement amplification mechanism." In Nanophotonics. IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/omems.2010.5672150.

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Parkinson, Matthew B., Brian D. Jensen, and Katsuo Kurabayashi. "Design of Compliant Force and Displacement Amplification Micro-Mechanisms." In ASME 2001 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2001/dac-21089.

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Abstract In many MEMS applications, it is desirable to amplify the force or displacement of an actuator or transducer. Devices that amplify force or mechanical advantage typically achieve this at the expense of displacement or geometric advantage. Likewise, devices that amplify geometric advantage do so at the expense of mechanical advantage. This paper proposes a device topology based on a four-link mechanism with compliant segments in place of hinges. Finite-element analysis and optimization were used to develop a Pareto set of solutions quantifying the force / displacement trade-off for a variety of loading conditions. Depending on these conditions, this device is capable of multiplying force inputs by as much as 23.7 and displacement inputs by as much as 588. Efficiency of these designs improves as the two objectives (mechanical and geometric advantage) are considered jointly in a multicriteria optimization problem rather than individually.
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Liu, Fei, and William S. Oates. "Piezohydraulic Actuation for Next Generation Microjet Flow Control." In ASME 2008 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2008-415.

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This paper describes the development of a new piezohydraulic actuator for integration into a microjet flow control device. The actuator utilizes a lead zirconate titanate (PZT) stack actuator and a hydraulic amplification design to achieve relatively large displacements required to control flow through a microjet. Displacement amplification of 81 times the stack actuator displacement was achieved using a dual-diaphragm design that seals the fluid within the device. The nonlinear field-coupled structural dynamics and fluid behavior of the actuator is predicted using a system dynamic model and compared with experimental results. It is shown that minor loop hysteresis of the piezoelectric stack actuator and nonlinear deformation of the diaphragm play an important role in the piezohydraulic displacement amplification.
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Kommepalli, Hareesh K. R., Han G. Yu, Srinivas A. Tadigadapa, Christopher D. Rahn, Susan Trolier-McKinstry, and Christopher L. Muhlstein. "Displacement and Blocking Force Modeling for Piezoelectric Uniflex Microactuators." In ASME 2008 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2008-49897.

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Microactuators provide controlled motion and force for applications ranging from RF switches to rate gyros. Large amplitude response in piezoelectric actuators requires amplification of their small strain. This paper studies a uniflex microactuator that combines the strain amplification mechanisms of a unimorph and flexural motion to produce large displacement and blocking force. An analytical model is developed with three connected beams and a reflective symmetric boundary condition that predicts actuator displacement and blocking force as a function of the applied voltage. The model shows that the uniflex design requires appropriate parameter ranges, especially the clearance between the unimorph and aluminum cap, to ensure that both the unimorph and flexural amplification effects are realized. With a weakened joint at the unimorph/cap interface, the model accurately predicts the displacement and blocking force of four actuators.
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