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Academic literature on the topic 'Disordered Zones'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Disordered Zones"

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Hu, Ran, Tian Lan, Guan-Ju Wei, and Yi-Feng Chen. "Phase diagram of quasi-static immiscible displacement in disordered porous media." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 875 (July 19, 2019): 448–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2019.504.

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Immiscible displacement in porous media is common in many practical applications. Under quasi-static conditions, the process is significantly affected by disorder of the porous media and the wettability of the pore surface. Previous studies have focused on wettability effects, but the impact of the interplay between disorder and contact angle is not well understood. Here, we combine microfluidic experiments and pore-scale simulations with theoretical analysis to study the impact of disorder on the quasi-static displacement from weak imbibition to strong drainage. We define the probability of overlap to link the menisci advancements to displacement patterns, and derive a theoretical model to describe the lower and upper bounds of the cross-over zone between compact displacement and capillary fingering for porous media with arbitrary flow geometry at a given disorder. The phase diagram predicted by the theoretical model shows that the cross-over zone, in terms of contact angle range, expands as the disorder increases. The diagram further identifies four zones to elucidate that the impact of disorder depends on wettability. In zone I, increasing disorder destabilizes the patterns, and in zone II, a stabilizing effect plays a role, which is less significant than that in zone I. In the other two zones, invasion morphologies are compact and fingering, respectively, independent of both contact angle and disorder. We evaluate the proposed diagram using pore-scale simulations, experiments in this work and in the literature, confirming that the diagram can capture the effect of disorder on displacement under different wetting conditions. Our work extends the classical phase diagrams and is also of practical significance for engineering applications.
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TARRAS, I., N. MOUSSA, M. MAZROUI, Y. BOUGHALEB, and A. HAJJAJI. "COLLECTIVE BEHAVIOR OF INTERACTING PARTICLES: RADIUS-DEPENDENT PHASE TRANSITION." Modern Physics Letters B 27, no. 04 (January 17, 2013): 1350028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984913500280.

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The aim of this paper is to study and discuss the effect of three zones (repulsion zone, orientation zone and attraction zone) on the phase transition in 2D-collective moving particles. Our main motivation is to better understand the complex behavior of non-equilibrium multi-agent system by extending the earlier and original model proposed by Viscek et al. [T. Viscek et al., Phys. Rev. Lett.75 (1995) 1226] for one zone. The analysis is performed over different situations by using a numerical simulation method. It is found that the radius R2 of orientation zone plays an important role in the system. In effect, by varying the parameter R2 a phase transition can be achieved from disordered moving of individuals to a group to highly aligned collective motion. The results also show that, the critical value of R2 at which the transition emerges depends strongly on the size of the repulsion zone but not on the size of attraction one.
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Kurnosov, V. B., B. A. Sakharov, A. R. Geptner, Yu I. Konovalov, and E. O. Goncharov. "Clay minerals in sediments from contact zones with basalt sills." Литология и полезные ископаемые, no. 3 (May 31, 2019): 234–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0024-497x20193234-247.

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Clay minerals (fraction <0.001 mm) of Upper Pleistocene clayey-sandy-silty sediments recovered by DSDP Holes 481 and 481A in the Northern Trough, Guaymas Basin, Gulf of California, were studied by X-ray based on the modeling of diffraction patterns and their comparison with experimental diffractograms. Terrigenous clay minerals are represented mainly by dioctahedral micaceous varieties (mixed-layer disordered illite-smectites, illite) with the chlorite admixture and by kaolinite in the upper section of unaltered sediments. Intrusion of hot basalt sills (total thickness of the complex is about 27 m) provoked alterations in the phase composition of clay minerals in sediments (7.5 m thick) overlying the sill complex. These sediments include newly formed triooctahedral layered silicates (mixed-layer chlorite-smectites, smectite). Sediments inside the sill complex include trioctahedral mixed-layer mica-smtctite-vermiculite or trioctahedral smectite. The trioctahedral mixed-layer chlorite-smectite coexisting with smectite was found in a single sample of the same complex.
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Wang, Jin, De Gang Duan, and Jie Shen. "A Research on the Planning Strategy of Eco-Demonstration Zones in High Altitude Areas — a Case Study of Tanggula Town." Advanced Materials Research 368-373 (October 2011): 1632–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.368-373.1632.

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The unruled development of construction land, along with the disordered planning and deteriorating living environment, etc. has long been prevalent in those small towns in the Qinghai- Tibet Plateau. This paper, thus, conducts some on-the-spot investigations and analyses of Tanggula town. The paper departs from the disparities between the current conditions of Tanggula town and the standards of eco- demonstration zone, proposing some strategies in the aspects of development direction, land use layout, facility layout, architecture and the town's features, aiming to exert positive influence upon the planning of small towns in plateaux.
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Götze, Jens, Harry Berek, and Klaus Schäfer. "Micro-structural phenomena in agate/chalcedony: spiral growth." Mineralogical Magazine 83, no. 02 (October 3, 2018): 281–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/mgm.2018.156.

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AbstractAgates with spectacular micro-structural features were found in volcanic rocks at several occurrences in the Saar-Nahe region (Germany). These agates include spirals of several tens up to several hundreds of μm in size within zones lacking the characteristic structural agate banding. A combined mineralogical study by polarising microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, cathodoluminescence microscopy and spectroscopy, and electron backscatter diffraction provided evidence that the spirals consist of well-ordered trigonal α-quartz, whereas the surrounding matrix is composed of strongly disordered or amorphous SiO2 phases. The quartz micro-crystals show a systematic rotation of the crystal orientation perpendicular to the direction of the spiral loops indicating helical growth.It is assumed that the spiral growth is initiated by dislocations with a screw component. The lacking symmetry of the strongly disordered or amorphous matrix initiated a curved development by a screw dislocation in a system far from equilibrium. The atoms/molecules are packed into spiral layers, which is energetically favoured in comparison with the incorporation into plane crystal faces. Such self-organisation growth and polymerisation initiated by a screw dislocation can produce variable spiral morphologies sometimes resembling living forms.
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Liu, Xu, Ruiling Jia, Huixia Zhang, Wenhua Cheng, and Xiwei Zhai. "EBSD Characterization of the Microstructure of 7A52 Aluminum Alloy Joints Welded by Friction Stir Welding." Materials 14, no. 21 (October 24, 2021): 6362. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14216362.

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The microstructure and texture of materials significantly influence the mechanical properties and fracture behavior; the effect of microstructure in different zones of friction stir-welded joints of 7A52 aluminum alloy on fracture behavior was investigated in this paper. The microstructural characteristics of sections of the welded joints were tested using the electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) technique. The results indicate that the fracture is located at the advancing side of the thermomechanically affected zone (AS-TMAZ) and the stir zone (SZ) interface. The AS-TMAZ microstructure is vastly different from the microstructure and texture of other areas. The grain orientation is disordered, and the grain shape is seriously deformed under the action of stirring force. The grain size grows unevenly under the input of friction heat, resulting in a large amount of recrystallization, and there is a significant difference in the Taylor factor between adjacent grains and the AS-TMAZ–SZ interface. On the contrary, there are fine and uniform equiaxed grains in the nugget zone, the microstructure is uniform, and the Taylor factor is small at adjacent grains. Therefore, the uneven transition of microstructure and texture in the AS-TMAZ and the SZ provide conditions for crack initiation, which become the weak point of mechanical properties.
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Tančić, Pavle, Aleksandar Kremenović, and Predrag Vulić. "Structural dissymmetrization of optically anisotropic Grs64±1Adr36±1Sps2 grandite from Meka Presedla (Kopaonik Mt., Serbia)." Powder Diffraction 35, no. 1 (November 28, 2019): 7–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0885715619000897.

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In this paper, grandite core with Grs64±1Adr36±1Sps2 composition was crystallographically studied. This core represents zone A of the macroscopically visible five A–E zones of the optically anisotropic Grs58–64Adr36–42Sps2 grandite. The applied procedure includes the detailed analysis of the powder diffraction patterns, and the Rietveld refinements of the crystal structures in a series of 18 space groups and two mixtures, which were followed by the comparative analysis of the R-values, site occupancy factors, and the bond lengths and angles. Synthesis of all of the presented results allows us to undoubtedly conclude that studied grandite is not cubic, neither as monophase nor as multiple phases in a mixture. Namely, it was established that structural dissymmetrization occurred and that it crystallized in the disordered rhombohedral $R\bar{3}c$ or orthorhombic Fddd space groups, whereby the first one is more probable. Beside the established lower symmetry of the studied grandite, which could be treated as the primary cause, the residual strain is also not excluded as the second possible cause for its slight optical anisotropy.
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Edmondson, P. D., R. C. Birtcher, V. M. Vishnyakov, P. Lopez, L. Pelaz, L. A. Marques, and S. E. Donnelly. "An in situ transmission electron microscope study of the anomalous annealing of spatially isolated disordered zones in silicon." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 26 (February 22, 2006): 284–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/26/1/068.

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Mousselmal, H. D., B. Remaki, C. Malhaire, and L. Petit. "Nanostructured Membranes for MEMS Energy Harvester." Key Engineering Materials 543 (March 2013): 208–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.543.208.

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The development of embedded systems and autonomous microsystems requires significant progress in the research of MEMS energy converters. Converting mechanical vibrations into electricity is an efficient way to collect environmental energy by using MEMS. Our contribution to this hot topic is based on the study of piezoelectric converters on silicon membranes. Due to the nature of the energy sources such as motorized machines, miniaturized devices working at low frequencies (few hundred hertz) with efficient coupling coefficient are needed and make essential the emergence of innovative solutions. In this work we propose an improved approach based on the insertion of nanostructured porous zones in circular monocrystalline silicon membranes used as resonating structures of piezoelectric converters. We have shown (in previous work) that nanostructured porous silicon exhibits an unexpected low rigidity due to the disordered interconnections of the crystallites in the porous zones (the Young modulus is divided by a factor of 10 for porosities around 50%). Using such porous silicon properties, ring-shaped nanostructured zones allowing the creation of low rigidity membranes combined with central seismic masses were realized and tested. Interesting potentialities for the development of high quality factor devices at low resonant frequencies have been then demonstrated. The effect of the position, the shape and the size of the nanostructured zones on the resonant frequency and the quality factor of the membrane were experimentally investigated. Complementary numerical simulations were performed using ANSYS software on same modelled structures. Keywords: MEMS on silicon, piezoelectric micro generator, porous silicon, self-powered microsystem
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Thomson, B. "B1 subdivisions in thin komatiites at Kambalda, Western Australia." Geological Magazine 126, no. 3 (May 1989): 263–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756800022354.

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AbstractB1 subdivisions are narrow foliated zones of stubby, skeletal olivine blades, situated at the top of the granular olivine cumulates (B2) in ponded komatiite lavas. They developed at a late stage in pond crystallization as a result of compaction-related circulation of intercumulus liquids through and along the top of the cumulates. The total thickness of a B1 and its degree of blade parallelism are related to lateral position within ponded lavas. The deeper, hotter and longer-lived core regions generated a thick B1 with a high degree of blade parallelism (ordered B1), whereas the shallower, peripheral regions produced a narrow B1 with a poor degree of blade parallelism (disordered B1), or failed to develop one at all.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Disordered Zones"

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Khalil, Ali Saied, and askhalil2004@yahoo com. "Heavy-Ion-Irradiation-Induced Disorder in Indium Phosphide and Selected Compounds." The Australian National University. Research School of Information Sciences and Engineering, 2007. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20070716.140841.

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Indium phosphide (InP) is an important III-V compound, with a variety of applications, for example, in light emitting diodes (LED), InP based photonic crystals and in semiconductor lasers, heterojunction bipolar transistors in integrated circuit applications and in transistors for microwave and millimeter-wave systems. The optical and electrical properties of this compound can be further tailored by ion implantation or prospectively by swift heavy ion beams. ¶ Thus knowledge of ion-induced disorder in this material is of important fundamental and practical interest. However, the disorder produced during heavy ion irradiation and the subsequent damage accumulation and recovery in InP is far from being completely understood. In terms of the damage accumulation mechanisms, the conclusions drawn in the numerous studies performed have often been in conflict with one another. A factor contributing to the uncertainties associated with these conflicting results is a lack of information and direct observation of the “building blocks” leading to the ultimate damage created at high ion fluences as an amorphous layer. These building blocks formed at lower fluence regimes by single ion impacts can be directly observed as isolated disordered zones and ion tracks for low energy and swift heavy ion irradiation, respectively. ¶ The primary aim of this work has thus been to obtain a better understanding of the disorder in this material through direct observations and investigation of disorder produced by individual heavy ions in both energy regimes (i.e. elastic and inelastic energy deposition regimes) especially with low ion fluence irradiations. In this thesis the heavy ion induced disorder introduced by low energy Au ions (100 keV Au+) and high energy Au (200 MeV Au+16) ion irradiation in InP were investigated using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry (RBS/C) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). ¶ The accumulation of damage due to disordered zones and ion tracks is described and discussed for both low energy and swift ion irradiation respectively. ¶ The in-situ TEM annealing of disordered zones created by 100 keV Au+ ion irradiation shows that these zones are sensitive to electron beam irradiation and anneal under electron energies not sufficient to elastically displace lattice atoms, i.e. subthreshold energies for both constituent atoms In and P. ¶ Ion tracks due to swift heavy ion irradiation were observed in this material and the interesting track morphology was described and discussed. The surface nanotopographical changes due to increasing fluence of swift heavy ions were observed by AFM where the onset of large increase in surface roughness for fluences sufficient to cause complete surface amorphization was observed. ¶ In addition to InP, the principle material of this project, a limited amount of TEM observation work has been performed on several other important compounds (apatite and monazite) irradiated by 200 MeV Au+ ions for comparative purposes. Again the observed segmental morphology of ion tracks were shown and possible track formation scenario and structure were discussed and similarities were drawn to the previously observed C60 cluster ion tracks in CaF2 as more knowledge and data base exist about defect dynamics and formation in that material.
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Moreno, Doris Hupfeld. "Prevalência e características do espectro bipolar em amostra populacional definida da cidade de São Paulo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5142/tde-09102014-102120/.

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O espectro bipolar tem sido pouco investigado na população geral, devido a dificuldades metodológicas e crenças de que o transtorno bipolar é raro. No presente estudo a prevalência do espectro bipolar ao longo da vida na amostra do EAC-IPq São Paulo (N=1464) foi de 8,3 % ampliando critérios do DSMIIIR e considerando significância clínica. Uma análise de classes latentes aplicada aos sintomas maníacos e depressivos do CIDI revelou 4 classes, entre elas a de bipolares, prevalente em 10,7%. Os grupos do espectro bipolar e a classe de bipolares se assemelharam nas características demográficas, maior uso de serviços de saúde, principalmente médicos gerais, maior risco de suicídio e significância clínica, e mais comorbidades psiquiátricas, comparando com controles não-afetivos, demonstrando sua utilidade clínica
The bipolar spectrum is not sufficiently studied in epidemiological studies, due to methodological difficulties and beliefs that bipolar disorder is rare. In the present study the sample (N=1464) of the ECA São Paulo yielded a lifetime prevalence of 8,3 % for the bipolar spectrum, extended from de DSMIIR and the clinical significance criteria. A latent class analysis applied to the manic and depressive symptoms of the CIDI revealed 4 classes, including a bipolar class, prevalent in 10,7 % of the subjects. The bipolar spectrum groups were similar to the class of bipolars by means of demographic characteristics, significantly more services use, mainly general medical, suicide risk, and psychiatric comorbidities, compared to non-affective controls, supporting its clinical utility
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Eriksen, Claire Anne. "Sleepiness - night work, time zones and activity /." Stockholm, 2006. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2006/91-7140-790-1/.

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SUN, Xue-Zhi, Sentaro TAKAHASHI, Chun GUI, Rui ZHANG, Kazuo KOGA, Minoru NOUYE, and Yoshiharu MURATA. "Neuronal Migration and Neuronal Migration Disorder in Cerebral Cortex." Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/2773.

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Frith, P. A. F. "A study of eye involvement in autoimmune and inherited disorders of the basement membrane zone." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.599235.

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Patterson, Labrandor. "A study of treatments for post traumatic stress disorder among military servicemen that participated in or near a combat zone." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 2007. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/2749.

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This study examines the factors that lead veterans with post traumatic stress disorder to choose not to establish a continuum of care at Veteran's Hospital to alleviate the psychosocial and psychological dysfunction in their lives. Sixty-five (65) respondents were selected for the study utilizing non-probability convenience sampling. The survey respondents were comprised of military veterans who participated in or near a combat zone. The survey questionnaire utilized a self assessment survey, a four point Likert scale. The findings of this study indicated that over (95%) of the (65) veterans surveyed disagree with the service quality provided at the VA Hospital. However, (63.1%) of the respondents have a diagnosis of post traumatic stress disorder and do not participate in any mental health services.
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Marten, Tobias. "Ab-initio study of disorder broadening of core photoemission spectra in random metallic alloys." Thesis, Linköping University, The Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-2580.

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Ab-initio results of the core-level shift and the distribution about the average for the 3d5/2 electrons of Ag, Pd and 2p3/2 of Cu are presented for the face-centered-cubic AgPd and CuPd random alloys. The complete screening model, which includes both initial and final states effects in the same scheme, has been used in the investigations.

The alloys have been modeled with a supercell containing 256 atoms. Density-functional theory calculations are carried out using the locally self consistent Green's function approach.

Results from the calculations clearly shows that the core-level shift distributions characteristic is Gaussian, but the components reveals a substantial difference in the FWHM (Full-Width at Half-Maximum). Comparison between the experimental and the calculated broadening shows a remarkable agreement.

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Ciomaga, Hatnean Monica. "Synthèse et étude de composés Ga₂₋ₓFeₓO₃." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00868789.

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Une sous-classe intéressante de matériaux multiferroïques est celle des composés multiferroïques magnétoélectriques, dans lesquels il existe un couplage entre les paramètres d'ordres ferroïques (magnétique et électrique). De ce point de vue, la classe des matériaux Ga₂₋ₓFeₓO₃ a attiré l'attention des chercheurs. Ces composés sont actuellement connus pour leur température de transition élevée ainsi que pour l'interaction possible entre leurs propriétés ferrimagnétiques et piézoélectriques. Leur structure cristallographique et magnétique est assez complexe, du fait du désordre de substitution interne Fe/Ga. Les oxydes M₂Ga₂Fe₂O₉ (M=In, Sc) appartiennent à cette même famille de matériaux et ont été synthétisés pour la première fois afin d'obtenir une structure cristallographique ordonnée de GaFeO₃. Afin d'étudier les propriétés physiques de ces différents composés, nous avons synthétisé par la méthode de la zone flottante (au four à image), en utilisant différentes conditions de croissance, des monocristaux de composition Ga₂₋ₓFeₓO₃ (x=0.90, 1.00 et 1.10). Nous avons également élaboré des échantillons polycristallins de composés GaFeO₃ faiblement dopés en indium ainsi que le composé M₂Ga₂Fe₂O₉ (M=In, Sc). Nous avons enfin préparé de monocristaux de composition In₂Ga₂Fe₂O₉ par la méthode de croissance en flux. L'affinement Rietveld des diffractogrammes des rayons X et des neutrons nous a permis de montrer que les céramiques de GaFeO₃ faiblement dopées en indium et les monocristaux de Ga₂₋ₓFeₓO₃ cristallisent dans le groupe d'espace Pc2₁n. Les paramètres cristallins et la température de Néel caractéristiques pour les monocristaux de Ga₂₋ₓFeₓO₃ varient de manière linéaire avec la teneur en fer. Les affinements nous ont permis de conclure que la structure de ces composés est caractérisée par un désordre élevée (25% de la quantité du fer se trouve sur les sites natifs du gallium). L'incorporation graduelle de l'indium s'accompagne d'une augmentation du volume de la maille ainsi qu'à une diminution de la température de transition magnétique. Le spectre d'excitations magnétiques mesuré pour les cristaux de Ga₂₋ₓFeₓO₃ nous a permis de mettre en évidence une coexistence de l'ordre ferrimagnétique à longue portée et d'un signal de diffusion diffuse en-dessous de la température de Néel. Ce signal diffus suggère l'existence d'une composante de type verre de spin du fait du désordre interne des sites. L'étude de la variation thermique de la constante diélectrique sur un cristal de GaFeO₃ révèle l'absence d'un couplage magnétoélectrique au sein de ces matériaux. L'affinement Rietveld des diagrammes de diffraction des rayons X et des neutrons mesurés sur les poudres de M₂Ga₂Fe₂O₉ (M=In, Sc) révèle une structure orthorhombique de type Pba2 fortement désordonnée, avec quatre sites cationiques d'occupation mixte. Les données de susceptibilité DC et AC couplées avec les mesures de chaleur spécifique et les spectres Mössbauer indiquent, en-dessous d'une température de Tg ≈ 19 K, l'existence d'un état fondamental de type verre de spin dans ce système. Les mesures du spectre d'excitations magnétiques ont mis en évidence l'absence d'ordre magnétique à longue portée et confirment l'existence d'une transition d'un état paramagnétique vers un état verre de spins. L'existence d'un comportement de type verre de spin dans les systèmes Ga₂₋ₓFeₓO₃ et M₂Ga₂Fe₂O₉ (M=In, Sc) souligne l'importance du désordre interne pour la caractérisation de l'état fondamental magnétique.
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Herre, Christine. "Svikna löften? : Fem unga män på en anstalt i Sverige och deras upplevelse av sin egen skolgång." Thesis, Södertörn University College, Lärarutbildningen, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-1091.

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This study is about inmates, who reflect upon their time in school, their experiences of school and how different things have influenced and affect them later in life. The aim with this study is to examine how different kinds of school related issues have affected the inmates in different ways. The aim is also to look at how school can spot in early years, children within the danger zone and provide for those children, so that they can be helped in different ways and so that they can be able to achieve different in life, not to end up becoming criminals later in life.

The main questions in this study are:

How did the chosen inmates experience their time in school?

Can you by looking at research tell that these persons already in their childhood were children within the danger zone?

What kind of school related issues could have contributed to a criminal lifestyle later in life?

The result of this study shows that all five have been children within the danger zone. In all five cases there have been school related issues that have affected those men. Issues such as; truancy, bullying, school defection, difficulties of concentrating and reading- and writing disorders. Issues which are to be seen as issues that could lead to a criminal lifestyle later in life.

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Jalkebo, Charlotte. "Placement of Controls in Construction Equipment Using Operators´Sitting Postures : Process and Recommendations." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Maskinkonstruktion, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-108980.

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An ergonomically designed work environment may decrease work related musculoskeletal disorders, lead to less sick leaves and increase production time for operators and companies all around the world. Volvo Construction Equipment wants to deepen the knowledge and investigate more carefully how operators are actually sitting whilst operating the machines, how this affects placement of controls and furthermore optimize controls placements accordingly. The purpose is to enhance their product development process by suggesting guidelines for control placement with improved ergonomics based on operators’ sitting postures. The goal is to deliver a process which identifies and transfers sitting postures to RAMSIS and uses them for control placement recommendations in the cab and operator environments. Delimitations concerns: physical ergonomics, 80% usability of the resulted process on the machine types, and the level of detail for controls and their placements. Research, analysis, interviews, test driving of machines, video recordings of operators and the ergonomic software RAMSIS has served as base for analysis. The analysis led to (i) the conclusion that sitting postures affect optimal ergonomic placement of controls, though not ISO-standards, (ii) the conclusion that RAMSIS heavy truck postures does not seem to correspond to Volvo CE’s operators’ sitting postures and (iii) and to an advanced engineering project process suitable for all machine types and applicable in the product development process. The result can also be used for other machines than construction equipment. The resulted process consists of three independent sub-processes with step by step explanations and recommendations of; (i) what information that needs to be gathered, (ii) how to identify and transfer sitting postures into RAMSIS, (iii) how to use RAMSIS to create e design aid for recommended control placement. The thesis also contains additional enhancements to Volvo CE’s product development process with focus on ergonomics. A conclusion is that the use of motion capture could not be verified to work for Volvo Construction Equipment, though it was verified that if motion capture works, the process works. Another conclusion is that the suggested body landmarks not could be verified that they are all needed for this purpose except for those needed for control placement. Though they are based on previous sitting posture identification in vehicles and only those that also occur in RAMSIS are recommended, and therefore they can be used. This thesis also questions the most important parameters for interior vehicle design (hip- and eye locations) and suggests that shoulder locations are just as important. The thesis concluded five parameters for control categorization, and added seven categories in addition to those mentioned in the ISO-standards. Other contradictions and loopholes in the ISO-standards were identified, highlighted and discussed. Suggestions for improving the ergonomic analyses in RAMSIS can also be found in this report. More future research mentioned is more details on control placement as well as research regarding sitting postures are suggested. If the resulted process is delimited to concern upper body postures, other methods for posture identification may be used.
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Books on the topic "Disordered Zones"

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Cohen, Michael. The attention zone: A parent's guide to attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. New York: Routledge, 2015.

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The attention zone: A parents' guide to attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Washington, DC: Brunner/Mazel, 1998.

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Slone, Laurie B. After the war zone: A practical guide for returning troops and their families. Cambridge, Mass: Da Capo Lifelong, 2008.

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Slone, Laurie B. After the war zone: A practical guide for returning troops and their families. Cambridge, Mass: Da Capo Lifelong, 2008.

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Positive behavior support at the tertiary level: Red zone strategies. Thousand Oaks, Calif: Corwin, 2011.

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Collins, R. Dandridge. The trauma zone: Trusting God for emotional healing. Chicago: Moody Publishers, 2007.

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Panok, V. G. Monitoring sot͡s︡ialʹno-psikhologicheskoĭ situat͡s︡ii v zone Chernobylʹskoĭ katastrofy. Kiev: Chernobylʹinterinform, 1997.

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Working in a war zone: Post traumatic stress disorder in civilians returning from Iraq : hearing before the Subcommittee on the Middle East and South Asia of the Committee on Foreign Affairs, House of Representatives, One Hundred Tenth Congress, first session, June 19, 2007. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2007.

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Cohen, Michael. Attention Zone: A Parent's Guide to Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity. Taylor & Francis Group, 2014.

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Cohen, Michael. Attention Zone: A Parent's Guide to Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity. Taylor & Francis Group, 2014.

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Book chapters on the topic "Disordered Zones"

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Armstrong, Carol, and Richard Hawkes. "Zones and Stripes." In Essentials of Cerebellum and Cerebellar Disorders, 137–41. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24551-5_14.

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Sillitoe, Roy V., and Richard Hawkes. "Zones and Stripes: Development of Cerebellar Topography." In Handbook of the Cerebellum and Cerebellar Disorders, 43–59. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1333-8_3.

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Miterko, Lauren N., Roy V. Sillitoe, and Richard Hawkes. "Zones and Stripes: Development of Cerebellar Topography." In Handbook of the Cerebellum and Cerebellar Disorders, 1–23. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97911-3_3-2.

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Miterko, Lauren N., Roy V. Sillitoe, and Richard Hawkes. "Zones and Stripes: Development of Cerebellar Topography." In Handbook of the Cerebellum and Cerebellar Disorders, 45–66. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23810-0_3.

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Volkmar, Fred R. "Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD)." In Encyclopedia of Autism Spectrum Disorders, 1–2. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6435-8_1631-3.

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Rowberry, Justin, Michael D. Powers, Lawrence David Scahill, Fred R. Volkmar, and Thomas Fernandez. "Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD)." In Encyclopedia of Autism Spectrum Disorders, 3421. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1698-3_1631.

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Volkmar, Fred R. "Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD)." In Encyclopedia of Autism Spectrum Disorders, 5254–55. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91280-6_1631.

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Choki, Junichiro, Yasuhiro Hasegawa, Kazuo Minematsu, and Takenori Yamaguchi. "Bordering Zone Hyperemia and Glucose Metabolism in Experimental Cerebral Ischemia." In Microcirculation in Circulatory Disorders, 293–94. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68078-9_38.

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Fernández, Ariel. "Dehydron-Rich Proteins in the Order-Disorder Twilight Zone." In Physics at the Biomolecular Interface, 121–50. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30852-4_5.

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Shao, Haipeng. "Splenic Marginal Zone Lymphoma and Other Small B-Cell Lymphomas." In Diagnostic Pathology of Hematopoietic Disorders of Spleen and Liver, 83–109. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-37708-3_5.

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Conference papers on the topic "Disordered Zones"

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Zeng, Qingna, Donghui Wang, Fenggang Zang, and Yixiong Zhang. "Disorders in Periodic Support for Pipeline Conveying Fluid." In ASME 2022 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2022-83606.

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Abstract This paper studies the influence of disordered parameters on vibration transmission characteristic of pipeline structure with periodic support. Transverse Band Gap structures (BGs) for perfect period and frequency response function (FRF) for finite periods are investigated and fit well with each other. By introducing a certain degree of uncertainty level, interval method is used to convert uncertain parameter problem into two deterministic models. FRF for near-periodic structure with single disorder and BGs for quasi-periodic structure with multiple disorders are investigated concerning support stiffness and periodic length. The existence of disorders in periodic structure would always reduce the attenuation intensity and interval, and some disturbance would even generate new intermediate attenuation zones. Elastic wave propagation with periodic support is much more sensitive to periodic length rather than support stiffness, as the sensitivity is closely related with attenuation mechanism. Therefore, such defects should be carefully avoided in design and manufacturing this kind of periodic pipeline structures. The work in this paper enriches the stability analysis of the pipeline structure with periodic support, and provides reference for the research of noise and vibration reduction of pipeline system in practical engineering.
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Zeng, Qingna, Donghui Wang, Fenggang Zang, Yixiong Zhang, Bihao Wang, and Zhihao Yuan. "Disorders in Fluid Filled Pipeline Structure With Elastic Helmholtz Resonators." In 2022 29th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone29-93421.

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Abstract This paper studies the influence of hybrid disorders on acoustic transmission characteristic in pipeline with periodic elastic HRs. Band gap structures (BGs) for infinite period are investigated by transfer matrix method and finite element method respectively, and fit well with the corresponding transmission loss (TL) for finite regular periods. By introducing a certain degree of uncertainty level, Interval analysis method is used to convert uncertain parameter problems into two deterministic models. Frequency response function (FRF) for near-periodic structure with single disorder and BGs for quasi-periodic structure with multiple disorders considering cavity radius and periodic length are investigated. The existence of disorders in periodic structure would always reduce attenuation interval and intensity, some disturbance would even change the original acoustic transmission characteristic and excite completely new attenuation zones. The sensitivity of pipeline acoustic vibration transfer characteristic to disorder parameter depends on attenuation mechanism, as for periodic elastic HRs pipeline, acoustic propagation stability is more sensitive to characteristic of locally resonant unit. The work in this paper enriches the stability analysis of pipeline with elastic HRs, which would provide theoretical reference for noise and vibration reduction design in practical engineering applications.
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Cui, Wenzheng, Zhaojie Shen, Jianguo Yang, and Shaohua Wu. "Effect of Temperature on Rheology and Nanoparticle Movements of Water Based Nanofluids by Molecular Dynamics Simulation." In ASME 2016 5th International Conference on Micro/Nanoscale Heat and Mass Transfer. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mnhmt2016-6393.

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Employing nanofluids is an innovative way to enhance heat transfer in cooling system of internal combustion engine. the reasons for the significantly enhanced heat transfer properties of nanofluids are various. On one hand, the markedly increased thermal conductivity is the most apparent reason; on the other hand, the changed rheology properties of base fluid due to the disordered movements of countless nanoparticles is even more important. Because the size scale of nanoparticles is too small, in some cases of computational simulations nanofluids is simplified as single-phase fluids. However, the influence of nanoparticles for flow behaviors of base fluids distinctly should not be ignored. By means of molecular dynamics method, a nano-scale simulation on the rheology of nanofluids could be conducted, therefore the movements of nanoparticles could be directly observed, which is conducive to reveal the influence of movements of nanoparticles for rheology of nanofluids. The present work is intended to perform a molecular dynamic simulation on the rheology of water based nanofluids. By applying temperature difference, the velocity and temperature distribution of fluid zone are calculated to evaluate heat transfer through nanofluids. Moreover, the influence of temperature for the movements of nanoparticle is discussed.
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Gagliardi, Nika, Esther Foo, Ellen Dupler, Simon Ozbek, and Lucy Dunne. "Design of a Stitched Textile-Based Thermal Actuator Garment to Attenuate Peripheral Microclimate Experience." In 2018 Design of Medical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dmd2018-6965.

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Temperature is an important influencer of homeostatic comfort for humans, and its influence extends beyond life-preservation functions into cognitive and emotional effects. To augment metabolic processes in cold climates, many on-body heating solutions are currently available in the commercial market, ranging from chemical heat packs to electrically heated accessories and clothing. These products typically prioritize heating the body core in extreme conditions. By contrast, the experience of thermal comfort in the band around homeostatic comfort temperatures is much more strongly driven by experience of temperature in the body’s periphery: the hands, feet, and face [1]. Thermal sensitivity is highest in the distal extremities and has been established as the best correlate of overall perception of thermal comfort [2], [3]. In the medical context, this is especially significant in treating vasospastic disorders such as Raynaud’s Syndrome, where a spastic vascular response in peripheral vessels results in an over-reaction to cold temperatures proximal to the thermoneutral zone [4].
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Anzai, Hitomi, Toshio Nakayama, Yuriko Takeshima, and Makoto Ohta. "The Effect of 3D Visualization on Optimal Design for Strut Position of Intracranial Stent." In ASME 2010 3rd Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Summer Meeting collocated with 8th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm-icnmm2010-30591.

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Cerebral aneurysms generally occur at arterial bifurcations and arterial curves in or near the circle of Willis. For the treatment of this disorder, stent placement has been valued as a minimal invasive therapy. The effect of stents on flow reduction in cerebral aneurysms has been examined in several computed fluid dynamics (CFD) studies, suggesting that the stent position or the strut shape may affect flow reduction. However, the position of the stent with the best effect on flow reduction is still unknown because of the flow complexity. Three-dimensional visualization may help to easily specify the inflow zone from the parent artery to the aneurysm and to find the relationship between the effective strut position and the flow pattern. However, confirmation of the ability of 3D visualization to determine the effective position of a stent has not been achieved. In this study, we simulated blood flow with several aneurysm geometries to confirm the effect of 3D visualization on determination of optimal stent position. First, flow simulation using real aneurysm geometries without a stent was performed as a “pre-stenting situation.” Meshes were generated using a commercial code (Gambit 2.3, Fluent Inc., NH). CFD was carried out using a commercial code (Fluent 6.3, Fluent Inc., NH) based on steady flow. The streamlines around an aneurysm were visualized using a 3D visualization system (EnSight Gold 8.2, Comuputational Engineering Inc., NC) in Realization Workspace (RWS) to visualize the inflow zone. Secondly, a rectangular solid as a strut model was set in the inflow zone using computer-aided design (CAD) techniques. CFD was then performed as a “post-stenting situation” under the same conditions as the pre-stenting situation using the same mesh generator and CFD code. Three-dimensional visualization showed an inflow zone in the aneurysm. A bundle of flow streamlines hit the wall of the neck of the aneurysm and entered it. The inflow zone was a narrow local part in contrast to the outflow. After setting a strut, a change of flow pattern could be observed. The flow speed and the wall shear stress (WSS) were both reduced. When the strut position was moved away from the original position, the flow speed and the WSS were not reduced. These results may suggest that 3D visualization can provide information useful for strut positioning to realize effective reduction of flow into an aneurysm, especially a side wall aneurysm.
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Purohit, Yojna, and Ram Mohan. "Molecular Dynamics of Crack Propagation in Nickel and Nickel-Aluminum Bimetal Interface." In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-38677.

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Molecular dynamics simulations were used to study crack propagation in a Nickel single crystal and a Nickel-Aluminum bimetal interface. The embedded atom method interatomic potential was used to investigate the behavior of (001) [100] crack system under mode I loading in the two systems. The propagation mechanisms and fracture behavior and properties of a propagating crack in Ni were compared with propagation, behavior and properties of a surface crack in Ni-Al that initiates and propagates from Ni towards the Ni-Al bimetal interface. Our results for Ni show an initial brittle crack propagation followed by a roughening of the crack surfaces at one-third of the Rayleigh wave speed and are in agreement with previous investigations. In Ni-Al the crack surfaces initially grow brittle. However, two regimes of crack propagation velocities were observed in this case with crack getting decelerated as it nears the interface. Further dynamic analysis of the crack propagation indicated a cease in the crack propagation in Ni due to a brittle to ductile transition. In Ni-Al bimetal interface system, as the crack approaches the interface, a process zone representing local disorder at the crack tip was observed to start growing and interacting with interfacial defects that eventually results in a blunting of the crack tip.
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Silva, Bruno Custódio, Guilherme Parmigiani Bobsin, Raquel dos Santos Ramos, Tatiane Andressa Gasparetto, Vivianne Amanda do Nascimento, Paulo Ricardo Gazzola Zen, and Rafael Fabiano Machado Rosa. "Clinical and neurological findings of a patient with a complex chromosome 5 alteration." In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.080.

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Context: Inversion-duplication-deletion (invdupdel) involving the short arm of chromosome 5 is considered a complex and extremely rare alteration. Case report: A female patient was born prematurely at 32 weeks and was delivered by cesarean section, weighing 2,086 grams, with an Apgar score in the fifth minute of 7. After birth, she needed invasive mechanical ventilation. A nasofibrolaryngoscopy was performed, which revealed the rear projection of the tongue base. The speech-language evaluation showed a swallowing disorder. The patient needed to be tracheostomized and evolved with episodes of cardiorespiratory arrest. A zone 2 of immaturity was identified in both eyes. Then, gastroesophageal reflux was also diagnosed. Cerebral ultrasound showed moderate lateral ventricles dilation. High resolution GTG-banding karyotype identified an inverted and partial duplication of the chromosome’s 5 short arm, with a probable deletion of its distal segment: 46,XX,invdup(5) (p13.3->p15.33:: p15.33->qter) [23]. The parents’ karyotype was normal. At 2 months, the patient had dolichocephaly; bitemporal narrowing; hypertelorism; and down slanting palpebral fissures with blepharophimosis; low-set and posteriorly rotated ears; leftover skin at neck and bilateral plantar creases between the first, second and third toes. Conclusions: Invdupdel of the short arm of chromosome 5 is a very rare chromosomal alteration. Neurological findings seem to be part of its clinical manifestations, especially dilated lateral ventricles. More reports will be essential for understanding its clinical spectrum.
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Ruzzene, M., and A. Baz. "Localization and Control of Wave Propagation in Active Periodic Fluid-Loaded Shells." In ASME 2001 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2001/vib-21739.

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Abstract Periodically placed actuators are used to control the wave propagation and to localize the vibration and sound radiation of fluid-loaded shells. The filtering capabilities of the resulting periodic structure can be actively tuned by modifying the feedback control gain of the actuators thus allowing for controlling the spectral width and location of the stop and pass bands as well as introducing controlled aperiodicity in the structure. A finite element model is developed to study the fundamental phenomena governing the coupling between the shell, actuators and the fluid domain surrounding the shell. The geometry of the shell and the fluid domain allows for the formulation of a harmonic-based model with uncoupled circumferential modes. The model is used to predict the pass and stop frequency bands for different proportional control gains and to evaluate the shell harmonic response and the sound radiation into the surrounding fluid. The obtained results indicate that the location and width of the stop bands as well as the attenuation characteristics of the shell can be modified by proper choice of the proportional control gain. Numerical simulations also demonstrate that the location of the stop bands can be identified from the frequency response function of the shell and from the sound intensity. The tunable characteristics of the proposed active shells allow for the introduction of controlled aperiodicty through proper adjustments of the actuators’ feedback gains. Disorder in periodic structures typically extends the stopbands into adjacent propagation zones and, more importantly, localizes the vibration energy near the excitation source. Both structural response and sound radiation are evaluated for increasing levels of aperiodicity. The results presented demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed concept as an effective means for controlling the attenuation characteristics of fluid-loaded shells and for confining both vibration and sound radiation near the excitation source. Also, the presented analysis provides an invaluable means for designing fluid-loaded shells, which are quiet over desired frequency bands and where the energy can be spatially confined in well-defined restricted areas.
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Chen, Yue, Megan E. Poorman, David B. Comber, E. Bryn Pitt, Cindy Liu, Isuru S. Godage, Hong Yu, William A. Grissom, Eric J. Barth, and Robert J. Webster. "Treating Epilepsy via Thermal Ablation: Initial Experiments With an MRI-Guided Concentric Tube Robot." In 2017 Design of Medical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dmd2017-3408.

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Epilepsy is a prevalent neurological disorder affecting 65 million people globally [1]. Anti-epileptic medications fail to provide effective seizure control for 30% of patients, placing them at a 7–17% risk of Sudden Unexplained Death in Epilepsy and recurrent seizures. Surgical resection of the seizure focus is a potentially curative treatment for patients with seizures that electrophysiologically correlate to a focal lesion. For these patients, focal surgical resection can result in 60–70% seizure-freedom rates [2]. However, open resection carries the risk of cognitive impairment or focal neurologic deficit [3]. Recent innovations in MRI enable high resolution soft tissue visualization, and real-time temperature monitoring, making MR-guided ablation therapy a promising minimally invasive technique to restrict the tissue destruction to just the seizure focus. Commercial products (e.g., Visualase, Medtronic Inc.; ClearPoint, MRI Interventions Inc.; NeuroBlate, Monteris Inc.) have recently been introduced for MR-guided laser-based thermal ablation. These products require the physician drill a hole into the skull for ablation probe placement, and may not always be able to ablate the entire seizure focus when the structure has a curved shape (such as the hippocampus) [4]. Incomplete ablation of the seizure focus would lead to seizure recurrence. We have recently proposed concentric-tube steerable needles as a means to address these challenges [4–7]. They enable nonlinear trajectories and offer the potential to enter the brain through the patient’s cheek via a natural opening in the skull base (i.e. the foramen ovale). We have designed and fabricated an MR-compatible robotic system to provide high resolution actuation for helical needle deployment [5]. We have shown in simulation that the curved medial axis of hippocampus can be accessed via a helical needle that delivers the ablation probe into the brain [4]. These preliminary results suggest that MR-guided robotic transforamenal thermal therapy could potentially provide a less invasive approach for potentially curative epilepsy treatment. In this paper we present our first results delivering heat along curved paths in brain phantoms and imaging the resulting treatment zones using MRI.
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Zaitseva, A. V., V. V. Serikov, and H. T. Oniani. "PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE LABOR OF MEDICAL WORKERS IN ORGANIZATIONS WITH COVID-19." In The 16th «OCCUPATION and HEALTH» Russian National Congress with International Participation (OHRNC-2021). FSBSI “IRIOH”, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/978-5-6042929-2-1-2021-1-212-216.

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Abstract. Introduction. High neuro-emotional stress among medical workers in organizations with the leading harmfulness of Covid-19 contributes to the formation of an unfavorable functional state, increases the risks of health disorders. The study of the characteristics of the psychophysiological reactions of the body will allow to substantiate the timing of work in a pandemic, which is quite relevant at the present time. The purpose of the research was, on the basis of comprehensive psychophysiological studies, to study the features of the formation of a functional state in medical personnel working in organizations with COVID-19 under the influence of stress factors of the labor process. Materials and methods. A physiological and hygienic assessment of the intensity of the labor process was carried out, psychophysiological changes were studied during 3 months of work in the «dangerous» zone. Statistical processing of the obtained data was carried out using the statistical programs Statistika 10, Microsoft Excel 2010. Results. The formation of neuropsychic stress in medical workers is reflected in changes in ECG indicators (prolongation of the QT interval, decrease in the voltage of the P and T waves) and systemic arterial pressure, an increase in the endurance coefficient (an indicator of detraining of the cardiovascular system), positive values of the Kerdo autonomic index (predominance of sympathetic influences) after 3 months of work in medical organizations with Covid-19. Conclusions. Nervous and emotional tension at work is the leading professional factor among nurses and doctors working in medical institutions with Covid-19 (hazard class 3, grade 3). Indicators of the cardiovascular system, reflecting the degree of adaptation of the body of medical workers to production activities, can be used to justify different periods of work in organizations with Covid-19.
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