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Park, Jinhee, and Soo Jung Chang. "Effect of Skin Disinfection according to the Disinfection Frequency in Peripheral Intravenous Therapy." Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing 27, no. 4 (November 30, 2020): 366–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.7739/jkafn.2020.27.4.366.
Purpose: For this study the effect of skin disinfection according to the disinfection frequency in peripheral intravenous therapy was examined.Methods: One hundred and twenty skin disinfections, three sections on the right forearm and three sections on the left forearm, were performed on each of 20 seniors in the school of nursing, and 240 microbial cultures were performed before and after the skin disinfection at each site. Single-use sterile packaged 83% alcohol cotton was used to disinfect. The skin was disinfected once, twice, or three times for 5 seconds per session and then allowed to dry for one minute. The data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test and the Generalized Estimation Equation (GEE).Results: There was no significant difference in the number of microbial colonies by the number of disinfections (<i>p</i>=.599) as well as the number of microbial colonies among those disinfected the same number of times (<i>p</i>=.440). However, the number of microbial colonies after disinfection was significantly lower than that before disinfection (<i>p</i><.001). The interaction effect, which was the difference in the decrease of microbial colonies by the number of disinfections, was not significant (<i>p</i>=.101).Conclusion: Prior to peripheral intravenous injection, disinfecting the skin once for five seconds with an 83% alcohol swab was as effective as disinfecting it twice for 10 seconds or three times for 15 seconds. Therefore, disinfecting the skin thoroughly for 5 seconds or more with an 83% alcohol cotton swab is sufficient for peripheral vein injections in the clinical field.
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Yao, Yanyan, Yoshinobu Kubota, Taketoshi Murakami, Tsuyoshi Ochiai, Hitoshi Ishiguro, Kazuya Nakata, and Akira Fujishima. "Electrochemical inactivation kinetics of boron-doped diamond electrode on waterborne pathogens." Journal of Water and Health 9, no. 3 (April 23, 2011): 534–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wh.2011.050.
A boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrode was constructed as a water disinfector for the inactivation of water borne pathogens. The bactericidal effect of the disinfector was evaluated on artificially contaminated waters containing, respectively, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Legionella pneumophila at high density. By treating the bacterial suspensions with 4 V of constant voltage between the BDD and the counter-electrode for 50 min, the population of E. coli and P. aeruginosa decreased from (10E + 7–8 colony-forming unit mL−1) to below the detection limits of the colony-formation method. Meanwhile, L. pneumophila were reduced to virtually zero when analyzed by fluorescence-based staining. The influences of production parameters (voltage, NaCl concentration and flow rate) on the disinfection kinetics of the BDD disinfector were examined with respect to operational conditions. Voltage was the most significant factor for adjusting the extent of electrolysis, followed by NaCl concentration and flow rate, to influence the disinfection efficiency. The disinfection of natural river water samples containing numerous microbes was performed for a practicability investigation of the BDD electrode. Approximately 99.99% bactericidal efficiency was confirmed by viability detection for E. coli and common germs in treated water. The results showed that the BDD electrode is a promising tool for various wastewater disinfections to combat waterborne diseases.
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Kozak, Sergey S., Ilia F. Radayev, and Yulia A. Kozaк. "«TM-FORMODEZ» DISINFECTOR USAGE IN SANITARY POULTRY SLAUGHTERING DEPARTMENT." Problems of veterinary sanitation, hygiene and ecology 2, no. 46 (2023): 161–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/vet.san.hyg.ecol.202302005.
The results have been given of «TM-Formodez» («TMF») disinfector disinfecting properties investigation. It has been shown that 0.6% «TMF» solution using for disinfection of premises, equipment, packages and transports is effective with 20°C solution temperature and 20 min. exposition and solution consumption norm 0.5 l/m2. This treatment decreases QMAFAnM to normative indicators and inactivates E. coli.
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Tuleshov, Amandyk, Nutpulla Jamalov, Nurbibi Imanbayeva, and Ayaulym Rakhmatulina. "Design and construction of a multifunctional disinfection robot." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 1, no. 1 (115) (January 26, 2022): 16–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2022.252045.
This paper proposes a robot designed for automated routine or emergency disinfection in closed premises. The robot is related to the combined type robots. The robot consists of two functional parts: a universal mobile platform (lower part) and a disinfector (upper part), which, if necessary, can be freely moved by personnel on 4 wheels. In the initial position, the upper part of the disinfection robot is at the charging station. The mobile robot drives up to the disinfector, «hooks» it (puts it on itself) and moves along the planned route. The upper part of the disinfector will have its own independent intelligent system, separate from the mobile robot, which, when a person is recognized, stops liquid disinfection: in this case, the UV lamps turn through 180°, the cylindrical body closes and ventilation of the disinfected air from the enclosed space is turned on. In addition, liquid disinfection is only enabled when detecting beds, tables and chairs. With the spray nozzles located at a height of 400 mm, the disinfector can carry out a simultaneous combined treatment of rooms with equipment and furniture, including high-quality processing of the lower surfaces of tables, chairs and beds. To improve the functional characteristics of robotic disinfectors and to simplify their design, a multifunctional robotic disinfector has been proposed. It was found that the result is achieved by the fact that in a multifunctional disinfection robot containing a mobile cart with an autonomous positioning and navigation system, a disinfection platform with a disinfection liquid spraying system and UV lamps with reflectors installed on it, the disinfection platform will have its own autonomous control and power systems.
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Wang, Siyu. "Research and Design of Intelligent Anti-epidemic Disinfection Robot Based on ROS." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2562, no. 1 (August 1, 2023): 012050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2562/1/012050.
Abstract In the context of the global epidemic of COVID-19, in order to solve the problems of heavy disinfection and epidemic prevention tasks in densely populated indoor public places and a low degree of automation and intelligence, a smart anti-epidemic disinfection robot solution that integrates multiple disinfection methods is proposed. The solution is designed and developed based on the open-source robot operating system (ROS) with digital intelligent remote disinfection function, micron-level atomization disinfection function, and multi-angle ultraviolet light disinfection function, providing a full range of high-efficiency disinfection and disinfection for the air environment bacteria protection. It has the functions of autonomous positioning and navigation, intelligent path planning, and real-time perception of environmental parameters. It is also equipped with a remote monitoring platform to monitor the status of the disinfection robot itself and task execution in real time to ensure stable operation and to issue disinfection tasks at regular intervals or in certain areas. The practice has proved that this solution can effectively solve the problem of the high labor cost of manual disinfecting so that one person can quickly complete the whole-area disinfecting work, greatly improving work efficiency, and it has good application value and is worth promoting.
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冯, 丽燕. "Comparison of Disinfection Machine Procedures and Different Regular Disinfections on Disinfection Effect." Nursing Science 05, no. 02 (2016): 17–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/ns.2016.52004.
Kriš, J., K. Munka, E. Büchlerová, M. Karácsonyová, and L. Gajdoš. "Chlorine dioxide disinfection by-products in the Nová Bystrica-Čadca-Žilina long distance water supply system." Water Supply 6, no. 2 (March 1, 2006): 209–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2006.071.
In a process of water disinfection it is necessary to distinguish between primary disinfection focused on removal or inactivation of microbiological contaminants from raw water, and secondary disinfection focused on maintenance of residual concentration of the disinfector in distribution system. Current practice related to disinfection follows two approaches. The paper presents results from a stage task solution “Research of physical-chemical changes in water quality during its distribution” at the Nová Bystrica-Čadca-Žilina long distance water supply system (LDWSS) focused on the presence of disinfection by-products by using chlorine dioxide.
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Hao, Li Mei, and Hai Quan Jia. "The Study on Neutralizers of ε-Polylysine." Advanced Materials Research 512-515 (May 2012): 2463–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.512-515.2463.
In the research of bio-disinfector, it needs neutralizers to eliminate the antibacterial activity of disinfector during the disinfection experiment. But there was no report about the appropriate neutralizer of antibacterial peptides. In this paper, we study the neutralizer suitable for ε-polylysine by using the orthogonal design and optimize the combination of neutralizers. Then we performed the checkup experiment of neutralizer according to the method listed in Disinfection Technology Standard. Finally we successfully obtain the right neutralizer of ε-polylysine which is the combination of 0.5 M BSA and 0.5 M K2HPO4, This can provide a convenience for researchers to evaluate the disinfection effect of disinfector whose main component is ε-polylysine.
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Buhl, Sebastian, Alexander Stich, Dario Clos, and Clemens Bulitta. "Cold plasma as a fast acting alternative disinfection method." Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering 8, no. 2 (August 1, 2022): 21–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cdbme-2022-1006.
Abstract Cold plasma disinfection is a cost-efficient and, above all, fast way of disinfecting even complex products. There are already approaches where plasma disinfection is used for wound treatment or hand disinfection. The ionization of a gas results in a number of physical and chemical processes that have a damaging effect on microorganisms. Especially in the field of medical device reprocessing, a tool that can reliably disinfect even very complex products in a short time would be a great asset. In this work, the potential of a newly developed cold plasma disinfection device was tested for the reduction of microbiological contamination and thus the disinfecting effect. In order to examine this microbiological reduction 3D printed scaffolds with contaminated test plates were used. This was done with different concentrations of the bacteria in the cold plasma disinfection process to determine the maximum germ reduction effect. In a first test run, the maximum effect of germ reduction was achieved with log 3.6. By making further changes and increasing the disinfection cycles, it was possible to increase the germ reduction to log 4.7. If these values are confirmed and can be improved by further modifications (e.g. increasing the plasma concentration), cold plasma technology represents a very good alternative to conventional disinfection methods.
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Prakash, Jai, Suresh Babu Naidu Krishna, Promod Kumar, Vinod Kumar, Kalyan S. Ghosh, Hendrik C. Swart, Stefano Bellucci, and Junghyun Cho. "Recent Advances on Metal Oxide Based Nano-Photocatalysts as Potential Antibacterial and Antiviral Agents." Catalysts 12, no. 9 (September 14, 2022): 1047. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal12091047.
Photocatalysis, a unique process that occurs in the presence of light radiation, can potentially be utilized to control environmental pollution, and improve the health of society. Photocatalytic removal, or disinfection, of chemical and biological species has been known for decades; however, its extension to indoor environments in public places has always been challenging. Many efforts have been made in this direction in the last two–three years since the COVID-19 pandemic started. Furthermore, the development of efficient photocatalytic nanomaterials through modifications to improve their photoactivity under ambient conditions for fighting with such a pandemic situation is a high research priority. In recent years, several metal oxides-based nano-photocatalysts have been designed to work efficiently in outdoor and indoor environments for the photocatalytic disinfection of biological species. The present review briefly discusses the advances made in the last two to three years for photocatalytic viral and bacterial disinfections. Moreover, emphasis has been given to the tailoring of such nano-photocatalysts in disinfecting surfaces, air, and water to stop viral/bacterial infection in the indoor environment. The role of such nano-photocatalysts in the photocatalytic disinfection of COVID-19 has also been highlighted with their future applicability in controlling such pandemics.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Disinfection":
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Black, S. H. "Disinfection by-product formation from swimming pool water disinfection." Thesis, Cranfield University, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.284924.
The reuse of grey water, for applications such as toilet flushing and irrigation, represents a potential sustainable solution to water shortages experienced by regions worldwide. Although reused grey water is not intended for potable use, the potential for transmission of waterborne pathogens by aerosol inhalation, topical contact, or indirect ingestion is a key concern for grey water reuse. This thesis explores the pathogen content of grey water and investigates pathogen removal through treatment and disinfection processes. The impacts of organic and particulate material in grey water on the efficacy of disinfection processes are investigated in depth. Grey water can potentially harbour a range of pathogenic microorganisms, with opportunistic bacterial pathogens in grey water indicating a particular risk of grey water reuse for the vulnerable members of society. The disinfection of grey water is therefore critical prior to reuse. Particulate material in grey water limits the efficacy of disinfection by chlorine, ultraviolet light, and origanum essential oil, by shielding microorganisms from the applied disinfectant. Microbial resistance to the disinfectants was linked to the particle size distribution of the grey water, with increasing particle size offering greater protection to associated microorganisms. Additional organic material was shown to reduce the applied disinfectant but no impact on microorganism resistance to disinfection was observed when a constant disinfectant dose was maintained. Treatment of grey water, targeting the removal of large particulate material, improves the efficacy of grey water disinfection, allowing compliance with stringent microbiological standards for urban water reuse.
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Gallagher, Theresa Bernadette. "Application of photoactivated disinfection." Thesis, University of Brighton, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.511582.
Thesis (M.Phil.)--Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, 2004. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 111-124). Also available in electronic version. Access restricted to campus users.
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Demitry, Mariana. "Evaluating Water Filtration and Disinfection for Household, Using Slow Sand Filters plus Solar Disinfection." DigitalCommons@USU, 2018. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/6911.
In this research, a household water treatment system was built and evaluated as a trial for improving the drinking water quality of the Nile River for the low-income communities. The system consisted of household-scale slow sand filters, and transparent polyethylene terephthalate-bottles for solar disinfection. The evaluation of the system depended on the removal/inactivation of some surrogates for the reference pathogens, and turbidity. The reference pathogens are pathogens specified by the World Health Organization to evaluate the efficiency of the household water treatment options. They were chosen to represent the classes of pathogens in water (bacteria, viruses, protozoa). The surrogates used in the evaluation of the system are Escherichia coli (E.coli), Clostridium perfringens and Escherichia coli bacteriophage (MS2). The candidate surrogates are also specified by the World Health Organization.
The designed household-scale slow sand filter was very efficient in removing the different turbidity levels to ≤0.4NTU. The evaluated system is classified as highly protective because it was able to achieve higher than 4 log removal for E.coli and Clostridium perfringens, and higher than 5 log removal for MS2.
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Ye, Zhengcai. "UV Disinfection between Concentric Cylinders." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/14641.
Outbreaks of food-born illness associated with the consumption of unpasteurized juice and apple cider have resulted in a rule published by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in order to improve the safety of juice products. The rule (21 CFR120) requires manufacturers of juice products to develop a Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) plan and to achieve a 5-log reduction in the number of the most resistant pathogens. Ultraviolet (UV) disinfection is one of the promising methods to reach this 5-log reduction of pathogens. The absorption coefficients of juices typically vary from 10 to 40 1/cm and can be even higher depending on brand and processing conditions. Thin film reactors consisting of two concentric cylinders are suitable for inactivating pathogens in juices. When the two concentric cylinders are fixed, the flow pattern in the gap can be laminar Poiseuille flow or turbulent flow depending on flow rates. If the inner cylinder is rotating, and the rotating speed of the inner cylinder exceeds a certain value, the flow pattern can be either laminar or turbulent Taylor-Couette flow. UV disinfection between concentric cylinders in laminar Poiseuille flow, turbulent flow and both laminar and turbulent Taylor-Couette flow was investigated experimentally and numerically. This is the first systematic study done on UV disinfection between concentric cylinders in all three flow patterns. The present work provides new experimental data for pathogen inactivation in each of the three flow patterns. In addition, the present study constitutes the first systematic numerical CFD predictions of expected inactivation levels. Proper operating parameters and optimum gap widths for different flow patterns are suggested. It is concluded that laminar Poiseuille flow provides inferior (small) inactivation levels while laminar Taylor-Couette flow provides superior (large) inactivation levels. The relative inactivation levels are: laminar Poiseuille flow < turbulent flow < laminar Taylor-Couette flow.
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Bullock, Gillian. "Disinfection of swimming pool water." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2003. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/108.
Results from this study, which has investigated the impact of the treatment technologies of chlorination, ozonation and UV irradiation on pool water quality are reported. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of these technologies in an unbiased way using a unique protocol, and to calculate a mass balance across the pool system. Data refer to a protocol based on operation of a 2.2m (cubed) capacity pilot swimming pool, which allows the comparison of technologies applied with reference to the propensity to generate the chlorinated disinfection by-products (DBPs) of chloramines and trihalomethanes (THMs). The protocol makes use of a specially developed body fluid analogue (BFA), containing simulant endogenous organic matter, with a soiling analogue consisting of commercial humic acid (HA). Using this analogue, levels of organic carbon (OC) and chloramines similar to those recorded in real pools have been obtained, along with somewhat lower levels of THMs. Results revealed conventional chlorination leads to steady-state TOC and DBP levels following an equilibrium period of 200-600 hours, with concentration values which are dependent on BFA loading rate. Following equilibration nitrate is the only DBP accumulating in the pool water, accounting for between 4% and 28% of the ammoniacal nitrogen loaded into the pool depending upon the operating conditions (primarily the Cl:N ratio). Both UV irradiation and ozonation, the latter combined with downstream adsorption, provide a similar efficacy in reducing chloramine levels, with their effect on THM and nitrate formation being highly dependent on the pH level and chlorine dose rate. This study builds on previous experimentation by including a more rigorous analysis of ozone-GAC with respect to DBP formation, a unique analysis of UV irradiation and a more comprehensive mass balance calculation of C, Cl and N across the pool. The study has established that no accumulation of carbon takes place in the pool, contrary to postulations made in previous published studies, and that the balance between the chloramines and THM DBPs is significantly affected by the HA loading.
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Alrousan, Dheaya. "Solar Photocatalytic Disinfection of Water." Thesis, University of Ulster, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.493903.
梁啟承 and Kai-shing Alex Leung. "Control of disinfection by-products." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2008. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B41549429.
This research validates electro-disinfection as a potential secondary ballast water treatment technology. Electricity applied to bacteria laden water produced bactericidal effects, reactive oxygen species and chlorine generation which annihilated bacteria. Evaluation of electro-disinfection experiments showed titanium electrodes had the maximum kill efficacy while disinfection with aluminum and stainless steel electrodes had lesser kill efficacy. A continuous flow electro-disinfection reactor was evaluated utilizing artificial brackish and fresh ballast water. Brackish water had a 100% bacteria kill efficiency utilizing titanium electrodes at a current density of 10 mA/cm2. Fresh water was augmented with the addition of salt to increase its electrical conductivity from 232 μS/cm to 873 μS/cm to ascertain 100% bacteria kill efficiency with titanium electrodes and a current density of 9.8 mA/cm2.
Water Pollution Control Federation. Task Force on Wastewater Disinfection. and Water Pollution Control Federation. Facilities Development Subcommittee., eds. Wastewater disinfection. Alexandria, Va: Water Pollution Control Federation, 1986.
Water Pollution Control Federation. Task Force on Wastewater Disinfection. and Water Environment Federation. Municipal Subcommittee., eds. Wastewater disinfection. Alexandria, VA: Water Environment Federation, 1996.
An, Taicheng, Huijun Zhao, and Po Keung Wong, eds. Advances in Photocatalytic Disinfection. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-53496-0.
Leo, Bey Fen, Nurul Akmal Che Lah, Mahendran Samykano, Thiruchelvi Pulingam, Swee-Seong Tang, and Sayonthoni Das Tuhi. "Disinfection." In Carbon Nanostructures, 151–70. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95603-9_7.
Conley, Catharine A. "Disinfection." In Encyclopedia of Astrobiology, 658. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44185-5_441.
Mehlhorn, Heinz. "Disinfection." In Encyclopedia of Parasitology, 748. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-43978-4_4815.
Mehlhorn, Heinz. "Disinfection." In Encyclopedia of Parasitology, 1. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27769-6_4815-1.
Conley, Catharine A. "Disinfection." In Encyclopedia of Astrobiology, 440. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-11274-4_441.
Gooch, Jan W. "Disinfection." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 888. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_13580.
Morawiec, Arkadiusz, and Katarzyna Szuster-Tardi. "“Disinfection”." In Polish Literature and Genocide, 38–65. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003217831-3.
Verma, Subhash, Varinder S. Kanwar, and Siby John. "Disinfection." In Environmental Engineering, 109–24. New York: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003231264-9.
Conley, Catharine A. "Disinfection." In Encyclopedia of Astrobiology, 1. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27833-4_441-2.
Haarhoff, Johannes. "Disinfection." In Introduction to Municipal Water Quality Management, 77–94. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003393573-8.
Ponnamma, Deepalekshmi, Mohammad Talal Houkan, Muni Raj Mourya, and Noora Al-Thani. "Designing a Quick Fix Shutter for Auto-Disinfecting Scan Glass Surface in Biometric Scanners." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2020.0295.
Fingerprint scanners are significant devices in professional life, and its contamination can be potential sources of COVID-19 transmission. Manual disinfection of the fingerprint scanner after every single use is time consuming and even can adversely affect its electronics/functioning. Thus, with an aim to prevent the spread of infectious disease by cross contamination and implement the safe use of fingerprint scanner, we have developed a smart quick fix technology for automatic disinfection of finger print scanner glass after every single use. The smart portable top mount assembly uses two different disinfecting methods that ensures higher degree of disinfection. The disinfection is based on the simultaneous ultraviolet (UV) and heat treatment for a specific short time, and required to kill all the viruses on the scan glass surface. Moreover, developing this disinfecting technology with a universal design that can be fitted to any finger print scanner irrespective to its size makes it a novel idea.
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Malley, Jr., James P., and Bruce Burris. "Ultraviolet Disinfection." In World Water and Environmental Resources Congress 2001. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40569(2001)494.
Rai, Abhishek, Chinmay Chaturvedi, P. K. Maduri, and Kushagra Singh. "Autonomous Disinfection Robot." In 2020 2nd International Conference on Advances in Computing, Communication Control and Networking (ICACCCN). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icacccn51052.2020.9362728.
Sarp, Ayşe S., and Murat Gülsoy. "Comparing irradiation parameters on disinfecting enterrecoccus faecalis in root canal disinfection." In SPIE BiOS, edited by Peter Rechmann and Daniel Fried. SPIE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2217958.
Tulcan, Elida-Gabriela, Carmen Sticlaru, Alexandru Oarcea, and Erwin-Christian Lovasz. "Medical Disinfection Robots: Past vs Future. Improving the Disinfection Process by Using Disinfection Robots with Folding Mechanism." In 2023 17th International Conference on Engineering of Modern Electric Systems (EMES). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/emes58375.2023.10171677.
Chen, Yiyu, Abhinav Pandey, Zhiwei Deng, Anthony Nguyen, Ruiqi Wang, Pornrawee Thonapalin, Quan Nguyen, and Satyandra K. Gupta. "A Semi-Autonomous Quadruped Robot for Performing Disinfection in Cluttered Environments." In ASME 2021 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2021-70850.
Abstract The global COVID-19 pandemic has inevitably made disinfection a daily routine to ensure the safety of public and private spaces. However, the existing disinfection procedures are time-consuming and require intensive human labor to apply chemical-based disinfectant onto contaminated surfaces. In this paper, a robot disinfection system is presented to increase the automation of the disinfection task to assist humans in performing routine disinfection safely and efficiently. This paper presents a semi-autonomous quadruped robot called LASER-D for performing disinfection in cluttered environments. The robot is equipped with a spray-based disinfection system and leverages the body motion to control the spray action without an extra stabilization mechanism. The spraying unit is mounted on the robot’s back and controlled by the robot computer. The control architecture is designed based on force control, resulting in navigating rough terrains and the flexibility in controlling the body motion during standing and walking for the disinfection task. The robot also uses the vision system to improve localization and maintain desired distance to the disinfection surface. The system incorporates image processing capability to evaluate disinfected regions with high accuracy. This feedback is then used to adjust the disinfection plan to guarantee that all assigned areas are disinfected properly. The system is also equipped with highly integrated simulation software to design, simulate and evaluate disinfection plans effectively. This work has allowed the robot to successfully carry out effective disinfection experiments while safely traversing through cluttered environments, climb stairs/slopes, and navigate on slippery surfaces.
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Moe Føre, Heidi, Stine Wiborg Dahle, and Rune H. Gaarder. "Tensile Strength of Nylon Netting Subjected to Various Concentrations of Disinfecting Chemicals." In ASME 2017 36th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2017-61519.
This paper presents a study of traditional netting materials subjected to disinfecting chemicals during fish farming and treatment of net cages. A series of tests were performed in order to study the effect of various concentrations of disinfecting chemicals on the tensile strength of Raschel knitted Nylon netting materials. Simulated spill of diluted hydrogen peroxide to the jump fence during de-lousing did not affect the strength of the applied new and used knotless nylon netting samples. Hydrogen peroxide reacted with biofouling forming gas bubbles, but this did not result in reduced netting strength. The performed tests did not indicate any effect on netting strength from a simulated single, traditional bath disinfection as performed at service stations applying the disinfectant Aqua Des containing peracetic acid. However, increasing the Aqua Des concentration from 1 to 10 % resulted in a strength reduction of 3–6 %. Simulated spill of concentrated Aqua Des on the jump fence of a net with copper coating residuals resulted in a severe reduction in strength of 45 %. This strength loss was probably a consequence of chemical reaction between copper and Aqua Des, and uncoated netting did not experience any loss in strength subjected to the same chemical exposure. These findings from application of Aqua Des should also apply to other peracetic acid disinfection chemicals with trade names as for example Perfectoxid and Addi Aqua.
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Ivanov, Kiril Sl, Ivo T. Iliev, and Serafim D. Tabakov. "Rotary Plasma Disinfection Accessory." In 2020 XXIX International Scientific Conference Electronics (ET). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/et50336.2020.9238201.
Sezdi, Mana, and Ilker Benli. "Disinfection in hemodialysis systems." In 2016 Medical Technologies National Congress (TIPTEKNO). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tiptekno.2016.7863132.
Makarov, A. E., A. A. Kosova, A. V. Slobodenyuk, R. N. An, and E. V. Fedorova. Disinfection and sterilization. Study guide. SIB-Expertise, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/er0497.22112021.
Электронный образовательный ресурс «Дезинфекция и стерилизация» создан с целью формирования у студентов профессиональных компетенций, сформулированных в Федеральных государственных образовательных стандартах высшего образования по направлениям подготовки: 32.05.01 «Медико-профилактическое дело», 31.05.01 «Лечебное дело», 31.05.02 «Педиатрия», 31.05.03 «Стоматология», а также основных образовательных программах высшего образования по данным специальностям. Вопросы дезинфекции и стерилизации рассматриваются в третьей дидактической единице второго модуля дисциплин «Эпидемиология» и «Эпидемиология. Военная эпидемиология», и рассчитана на 6 аудиторных часов, 2 из которых – лекция. Электронная форма ресурса способствует более разностороннему и качественному усвоению учебного материала, пользоваться им на дистанционной основе, держать обратную связь, контролировать прогресс освоения материала студентами. В электронном образовательном ресурсе изложены сведения о современных подходах к осуществлению дезинфекционной и стерилизационной деятельности, теоретические и практические аспекты проблемы. Дана характеристика различным классам химических и физических дезинфицирующих веществ, а также используемым в практике методам, способам и режимам их применения для дезинфекции и стерилизации с позиций обеспечения целевой эффективности, токсической безопасности для людей и безвредности для обрабатываемых объектов. Рассмотрены вопросы обеспечения безопасности сотрудников, осуществляющих дезинфекционные мероприятия, основные средства индивидуальной защиты, в том числе органов дыхания.
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Saini, Ravinder, Saeed Hassan, and Abdulkhaliq Alshadidi. Effect of chemical disinfection on the dimensional stability of polyvinyl ether siloxane impression material: a systemic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, May 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.5.0042.
Review question / Objective: Does chemical disinfection effects the accuracy and dimensional stability of the dental impressions made from PVES elastomers?” Eligibility criteria: All in vitro studies with data on the effects of disinfection on PVES were included. Studies were selected based on the following criteria: (1) studies should have comparison data between native and disinfected PVES impressions, (2) methods of disinfection should be chemical disinfectants, and (3) studies published in English.pves,
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Sellgren, Katelyn, Christopher Gregory, Michael Hunt, Ashkay Raut, Brian Hawkins, Charles Parker, Ethan Klem, Jeffrey Piascik, and Brian Stoner. Development of an Electrochemical Process for Blackwater Disinfection in a Freestanding, Additive-Free Toilet. RTI Press, April 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2017.rr.0031.1704.
Electrochemical disinfection has gained interest as an alternative to conventional wastewater treatment because of its high effectiveness and environmental compatibility. Two and a half billion people currently live without improved sanitation facilities. Our research efforts are focused on developing and implementing a freestanding, additive-free toilet system that treats and recycles blackwater on site. In this study, we sought to apply electrochemical disinfection to blackwater. We compared commercially available boron-doped diamond (BDD) and mixed metal oxide (MMO) electrodes for disinfection efficiency in E. coli–inoculated model wastewater. The MMO electrodes were found to be more efficient and thus selected for further study with blackwater. The energy required for disinfection by the MMO electrodes increased with the conductivity of the medium, decreased with increased temperature, and was independent of the applied voltage. Fecal contamination considerably increased the energy required for blackwater disinfection compared to model wastewater, demonstrating the need for testing in effluents representing the conditions of the final application.
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Smith, Lisa S., Vipin K. Rastogi, and Michelle R. Ziemski. Disinfection of Vegetative Cells of Bacillus anthracis. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ad1006130.
Raymer, James, and Larry Michaels. Uptake of Water Disinfection By-Products Into Food. Research Triangle Park, NC: RTI Press, August 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2010.mr.0016.1008.
Chai, Lilong, Hongwei Xin, Yang Zhao, and Brad Richardson. Egg Flats and Pallets Disinfection with Heat Treatment. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-303.
Bhalotra, Sonia, Alberto Diaz-Cayeros, Grant Miller, Alfonso Miranda, and Atheendar Venkataramani. Urban Water Disinfection and Mortality Decline in Developing Countries. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, March 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w23239.
Clarke, Steven, and William Bettin. Iodine Disinfection in the Use of Individual Water Purification Devices. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada453960.
Kesavan, Jana, and Jose-Luis Sagripanti. Disinfection of Airborne Organisms by Ultraviolet-C Radiation and Sunlight. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada566495.
Brizzolara, Robert A., Eric R. Holm, and David M. Stamper. Disinfection of Water by Ultrasound: Application to Ballast Water Treatment. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada469441.
