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Academic literature on the topic 'Diseases Nutritional aspects'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Diseases Nutritional aspects"

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Berenji, Karolina, and Hajnalka Požar. "Nutritional aspects of neurological diseases." Medicinski casopis 53, no. 3 (2019): 101–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/mckg53-21900.

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McCrory, Megan A., Nancy C. Wright, and David D. Kilmer. "Nutritional Aspects of Neuromuscular Diseases." Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America 9, no. 1 (February 1998): 127–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1047-9651(18)30283-3.

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Balestrieri, Paola, Mentore Ribolsi, Michele Pier Luca Guarino, Sara Emerenziani, Annamaria Altomare, and Michele Cicala. "Nutritional Aspects in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases." Nutrients 12, no. 2 (January 31, 2020): 372. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12020372.

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Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are chronic, relapsing, inflammatory disorders of the digestive tract that characteristically develop in adolescence and early adulthood. The reported prevalence of malnutrition in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients ranges between 20% and 85%. Several factors, including reduced oral food intake, malabsorption, chronic blood and proteins loss, and intestinal bacterial overgrowth, contribute to malnutrition in IBD patients. Poor nutritional status, as well as selective malnutrition or sarcopenia, is associated with poor clinical outcomes, response to therapy and, therefore, quality of life. The nutritional assessment should include a dietetic evaluation with the assessment of daily caloric intake and energy expenditure, radiological assessment, and measurement of functional capacity.
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Di Chio, Teresa, Christiane Sokollik, Diego G. Peroni, Lara Hart, Giacomo Simonetti, Franziska Righini-Grunder, and Osvaldo Borrelli. "Nutritional Aspects of Pediatric Gastrointestinal Diseases." Nutrients 13, no. 6 (June 19, 2021): 2109. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13062109.

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In the last decade, the role of nutritional management in pediatric gastrointestinal diseases has gained increasing popularity. Disease-specific diets have been introduced as conventional treatments by international guidelines. Patients tend to more willingly accept food-based therapies than drugs because of their relatively “harmless” nature. Apart from a diet’s therapeutic role, nutritional support is crucial in maintaining growth and improving clinical outcomes in pediatric patients. Despite the absence of classical “side effects”, however, it should be emphasized that any dietary modification might have negative consequences on children’s growth and development. Hence, expert supervision is always advised, in order to support adequate nutritional requirements. Unfortunately, the media provide an inaccurate perception of the role of diet for gastrointestinal diseases, leading to misconceptions by patients or their caregivers that tends to overestimate the beneficial role of diets and underestimate the potential adverse effects. Moreover, not only patients, but also healthcare professionals, have a number of misconceptions about the nutritional benefits of diet modification on gastrointestinal diseases. The aim of this review is to highlight the role of diet in pediatric gastrointestinal diseases, to detect misconceptions and to give a practical guide for physicians on the basis of current scientific evidence.
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Madeo, Frank, Sebastian J. Hofer, Tobias Pendl, Maria A. Bauer, Tobias Eisenberg, Didac Carmona-Gutierrez, and Guido Kroemer. "Nutritional Aspects of Spermidine." Annual Review of Nutrition 40, no. 1 (September 23, 2020): 135–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-nutr-120419-015419.

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Natural polyamines (spermidine and spermine) are small, positively charged molecules that are ubiquitously found within organisms and cells. They exert numerous (intra)cellular functions and have been implicated to protect against several age-related diseases. Although polyamine levels decline in a complex age-dependent, tissue-, and cell type–specific manner, they are maintained in healthy nonagenarians and centenarians. Increased polyamine levels, including through enhanced dietary intake, have been consistently linked to improved health and reduced overall mortality. In preclinical models, dietary supplementation with spermidine prolongs life span and health span. In this review, we highlight salient aspects of nutritional polyamine intake and summarize the current knowledge of organismal and cellular uptake and distribution of dietary (and gastrointestinal) polyamines and their impact on human health. We further summarize clinical and epidemiological studies of dietary polyamines.
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Nerad, Judith L., and Sherwood L. Gorbach. "NUTRITIONAL ASPECTS OF HIV INFECTION." Infectious Disease Clinics of North America 8, no. 2 (June 1994): 499–515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0891-5520(20)30603-6.

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Crompton, D. W. T. "Nutritional aspects of infection." Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 80, no. 5 (January 1986): 697–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0035-9203(86)90368-8.

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Martínez-López, Erika, Edsaúl Emilio Pérez-Guerrero, Nora Magdalena Torres-Carrillo, Andres López-Quintero, Alejandra Betancourt-Núñez, and Itzae Adonai Gutiérrez-Hurtado. "Methodological Aspects in Randomized Clinical Trials of Nutritional Interventions." Nutrients 14, no. 12 (June 7, 2022): 2365. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14122365.

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Nutrition is an essential component when promoting human health. Without a doubt, improving the quality of one’s diet can improve one’s quality of life as a whole and help postpone the onset or control of many chronic diseases. The volume of publications in this field has increased in recent years, in line with increased awareness of the importance of nutrition in health; however, the quality of the evidence on which most nutritional guidelines are based remains low, due to errors in conducting nutritional interventions or because the information is primarily derived from observational studies. To enhance the evidence supporting clinical guidelines in nutrition, the quality of randomized clinical trials (RCT) based on nutritional interventions must be improved; nevertheless, due to their heterogeneous nature and a lack of specific guidelines for designing, performing, documenting, and reporting on this type of intervention, conducting a nutritional intervention is a real challenge. Following a review of the literature on the methodological and ethical standards, as well as four extensions of the CONSORT (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials) guidelines that should be considered when implementing a nutritional intervention, seven essential aspects were identified. The current narrative review includes definitions, examples, diagrams, and algorithms regarding aspects of the appropriate study design, the intervention of the control group, the randomization and blinding processes, the study population selection, as well as a description of the type of intervention and the personnel involved in carrying out the study in order to make the implementation of a nutritional intervention easier.
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Keith, Jeanette Newton. "Nutritional Aspects and Clinical Management of Chronic Disorders and Diseases." American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 79, no. 2 (February 1, 2004): 344–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/79.2.344a.

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Kordafshari, Gholamreza, Hoorieh Mohammadi Kenari, Mohammad Mehdi Esfahani, Mohammad Reza Shams Ardakani, Mansoor Keshavarz, Esmaeil Nazem, Maryam Moghimi, and Arman Zargaran. "Nutritional Aspects to Prevent Heart Diseases in Traditional Persian Medicine." Journal of Evidence-Based Complementary & Alternative Medicine 20, no. 1 (October 19, 2014): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2156587214553939.

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Cardiovascular diseases are major health complications currently in various societies. Management of heart diseases as a prevention step or as treatment with low-cost procedures like lifestyle modifications including nutrition are important current trends. Although the term nutrition dates back to 2 past centuries, Persian physicians contributed to this term at least from 1000 years ago. Rhazes (865-925 AD) was one of the pioneers in this field. He preferred using foods in treating illnesses. “Foods and drinks” were 1 subject from 6 principles ( Setteh Zarorieh) that Persian physicians believed can affect human health. In this review, we described some medieval Persian views on the role of nutrition in heart diseases and compare their prescriptions with current findings. Interestingly, current investigations mostly support Persian medicine principles. Historically, this work shows that the concept of nutrition in heart diseases has had a successful background at least from 1000 years ago in Persia.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Diseases Nutritional aspects"

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Gerasimidis, Konstantinos. "Nutritional aspects and gut microbiota in paediatric inflammatory bowel disease." Thesis, Thesis restricted. Connect to e-thesis to view abstract, 2009. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/826/.

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Thesis (Ph.D.) - University of Glasgow, 2009.
Ph.D. thesis submitted to the Division of Developmental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Glasgow, 2009. Includes bibliographical references. Print version also available.
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Chehade, Joyce P. "Nutritional status and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD)." Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=55487.

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The present study was performed to determine whether ongoing oxidative stress in some BPD infants contributes to their increased energy expenditure leading to growth failure. The study consisted of two parts. The first is a descriptive census of BPD infants (n = 38) followed at the outpatient clinics at The Montreal Children's Hospital (MCH). The second is a cross-sectional study of fifteen patients wherein anthropometric parameters, energy intake, and oxidative stress measures (red cell glutathione (GSH) and plasma malondialdehyde (MDA)) were assessed. Nine infants with growth failure were compared to six thriving infants with respect to their nutritional and oxidative stress status. Growth failure was defined as weight for age and weight for height for age less than the tenth percentile (z score $ leq - 1).$ Results revealed that the prevalence of growth failure in the BPD infants followed at MCH ranged between 45% and 55%. The mean ($ pm$ SD) energy intakes for thriving and failing to thrive infants expressed as a percent of the recommended nutrient intake were 104 $ pm$ 46% and 133 $ pm$ 35% respectively. Six infants had reduced mean ($ pm$ SD) blood glutathione per hemoglobin (3.63 $ pm$ 0.37 umol/g) compared to adult controls (6.57 $ pm$ 1.04 umol/g). Four of the six infants had growth failure while two were thriving. Fourteen Infants including all failing to thrive infants had elevated mean ($ pm$ SD) plasma MDA levels compared to adult controls (129 $ pm$ 48 vs 55 $ pm$ 3 nmol/l). Differences in oxidative stress markers were not observed between the two groups. These results suggest that growth failure is associated with an increase in caloric consumption and not with a decrease in caloric intake. The preliminary findings on oxidative stress markers suggest a depletion of the GSH antioxidant in some infants and marked lipid peroxidation in the BPD population.
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Hinze, Candace. "The role of malnutrition in prolonged respiratory failure : the effect of accelerated nutritional rehabilitation." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=22740.

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To investigate the possibility that malnutrition is an important factor that prolongs respiratory failure (PRF), I studied the effects of pharmacologic injections of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH), an important anabolic stimulus, on nutritional and respiratory parameters in patients requiring mechanical ventilation for more than three days. Patients were excluded from consideration if dominating factors known to prolong ventilatory failure had not been stabilized. Over ten months, 106 patients in PRF were evaluated, but only six met the selection criteria. Three patients were randomized to receive standard nutritional support, and three into a group that received the equivalent nutrition plus 5 mg/day of rhGH for 14 days or until withdrawal of mechanical ventilation. Baseline characteristics of the selected patients were divergent as demonstrated by body mass indexes ranging from 14 to 42 (kg/m$ sp2),$ baseline maximal inspiratory pressures (PI$ sb{ max}$ from $-$15 to $-$70 cm H$ sb2$O, and Day 1 N balances from $-$13.5 to 1.2 g N/day. Despite increased plasma insulin-like growth factor-1 concentrations, the mean daily N balances of the rhGH-treated group were no better than the controls (1.3 $ pm$ 5.0 vs. 0.4 $ pm$ 2.6 g N/day; Mean $ pm$ SD), nor were there differences in PI$ sb{ max},$ level of ventilatory assistance required, and days to weaning. The persistence of respiratory failure in the overwhelming majority of patients in PRF appears to be due to factors already known to prevent weaning from mechanical ventilation. Even the carefully selected patients enrolled in the present study were insufficiently homogeneous or stable enough to allow proper testing of the experimental hypothesis.
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Haddad, Donna L. "Nutritional status indicators in hospitalized patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=67536.

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Malnutrition, as evidenced by low weight for height, low triceps skinfold thickness and low midarm muscle circumference, is prevalent among COPD patients. A stepped decline in nutritional status has been postulated as a mechanism for malnutrition wherein patients progressively suffer weight loss with each COPD exacerbation. A randomized clinical trial of continuous enteral nutrition could not successfully address whether or not the stepped decline in weight can be prevented. Despite this, sixteen patients admitted for a COPD exacerbation, participated in an observational prospective study wherein anthropometric, biochemical, dynamometric, respiratory, general well-being and energy consumption measures were obtained. Twelve patients had body weights below 90% of ideal weight. The mean energy intake was 107% $ pm$ 30 of estimated resting energy expenditure. Measures were repeated to assess changes during hospitalization. Weight change was a poor indicator of nutritional status. Midarm muscle circumference and handgrip strength appear to be useful as nutritional status indicators among unstable hospitalized COPD patients. Changes in handgrip strength and midarm muscle circumference were closely linked (r =.78, p $<$ 0.0005) and tended to decrease over the course of hospitalization despite clinical improvement. In the absence of adequate nutrition, COPD patients have at least as much risk of developing iatrogenic malnutrition as are other hospitalized medical patients.
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Power, Harold Michael. "A study of iron nutrition and immunity in infancy." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/25837.

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Motivation and study design: Iron deficiency is a common condition in infancy, particularly in lower socio-economic groups. In Cape Town it remains a problem in spite of public health measures taken against it: a recent survey found a prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia of 34% in healthy 1-year old term infants who had ready access to a municipal health clinic where iron fortified milk formula is sold at subsidized prices. The consequences of iron deficiency extend beyond anaemia- to involve all organ systems including the immune system. Since Helen Mackay's report in 1928 of a striking decrease in incidents of infection in infants treated with iron, clinicians have assumed that iron deficiency predisposes to infection. Despite a sound theoretical basis for this belief, the clinical evidence for the assumption is poor as studies to date have displayed methodological deficiencies. On the other hand, iron is also essential for the growth of micro-organisms. As such, supplemental iron may predispose to infection. Indeed, there is much laboratory and clinical evidence to show that excess iron can result in the recrudescence of quiescent infections and increase the virulence of newly acquired infections. Thus, the competition between host and parasite may sometimes hinge on the relative availability of iron and it has been speculated that excess iron in infant milk formula may increase susceptibility to infectious diarrhoeal disease. The problem addressed by this thesis was to determine the utility of increasing the level of iron fortification of infant milk formula. Three questions were posed: Does increasing the level of iron fortification of conventional infant milk formula improve the iron nutrition of normal infants fed on the formula? Does increased iron fortification of infant milk formula alter immunity as reflected by incidence of infection and laboratory tests of immune function? Are there any handful effects of increasing the quantity of iron in conventional infant milk formula? A double blind randomized trial was carried out in 1983 and 1984 to answer these questions. A group of 149 healthy, well-nourished infants from a lower socio-economic community of so called Cape Coloureds were followed from the age of 3 months to 1 year. Half of the infants, the Control group, were given a commercially available infant milk formula (Lactogen Full Protein) which has 8.3 mg Fe/ 100 g formula and 37 mg ascorbic acid/ 100 g. The other half of subjects, the Test group, were given the same milk formula but fortified with iron to a concentration of 40 mg Fe/ 100 g. The children were examined every 3 or 4 weeks and any infection or history of infection was noted. Laboratory tests were done at the start of the trial and again on completion. During the trial, laboratory tests were performed only if clinically indicated. The tests included full blood count and differential analysis, red cell zinc protoporphyrin, plasma ferritin, plasma and hair zinc and lymphocyte subtyping with monoclonal antibodies. Within each group, half of the infants were randomly selected for assay of neutrophil bactericidal activity. The other half were assayed for lymphocyte blastogenic response to stimulation with phytohaemagglutinin. Tests of delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity to Candida antigen and PPD were done and all children and their mothers had antibodies to tetanus and polio determined. Results: 74 infants in the Control group started the trial and 62 completed it. In the Test group, 75 infants began and 70 completed the study. Intake of milk and solid foods was not quantified, but the ages of weaning and of introduction of new foods were determined. The Control and Test groups did not differ significantly on any test item. The mean age of completion of weaning was 3.60 months for the Control group and 4.04 months for the Test group. The Control group was first given meat or fish at a mean age of 5.19 months; the Test. group had meat or fish introduced to their diets at a mean age of 4.36 months. These differences were not statistically significant. The children in the Control group were lighter and shorter than the Test group at the end of the year. Mean standard deviation scores for weight were 0.23 and 0.48 respectively (P = 20%), while for length the SD scores were -0.13 and 0.06 (P = 20%).
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Hum, Susan. "Glutathione metabolism in the rat under varied nutritional conditions." Thesis, McGill University, 1991. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=59940.

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We developed a methodology to measure plasma hepatic glutathione (GSH) turnover and we tested it in rats treated with an inhibitor of GSH synthesis. Our goal was to determine whether protein intakes above NRC recommendations maximize hepatic GSH stores and turnover in vivo. We also wished to learn if plasma GSH, cysteine, or methionine concentrations or plasma GSH turnover could be used as noninvasive predictors of liver GSH status. Rats were fed purified diets containing 0, 5, 10, 20 or 40% casein for one week. The 0 and 5% casein diets were considered inadequate in protein, 10% marginal, 20% adequate and 40% excessive. Liver GSH content (mmol/liver) of rats fed 0 and 5% casein diets was 12.29 $ pm$ 1.11 and 16.43 $ pm$ 0.95, respectively, and increased to 23.62 $ pm$ 1.82 in the 10% group. Liver GSH content did not differ between the 20 and 40% groups. As dietary casein increased from 0-20%, free plasma GSH and cysteine concentrations and plasma GSH turnover increased, but did not increase further with the 40% diet. A sigmoidal relationship between plasma GSH turnover and hepatic GSH content was demonstrated. The best predictor of liver GSH content was not free plasma GSH concentration nor plasma GSH turnover, but the free plasma cysteine concentration.
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Saudny-Unterberger, Helga. "Impact of nutritional support on changes in functional status during an acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23294.

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Despite the acknowledged importance of nutritional support for COPD patients, it is difficult to accomplish in acutely stressed individuals. A randomized trial of nutritional supplementation during an acute exacerbation was carried out in 16 hospitalized patients for a 2 week period. Six control patients consumed a standard diet supplying 1,951 $ pm$ 130 (mean $ pm$ SEM) kcal and 80 $ pm$ 6 g protein/d, while ten treatment patients, in addition to the usual diet received oral supplements (Ensure) or snacks, resulting in an intake of 2,516 $ pm$ 129 kcal (p = 0.012) and 99 $ pm$ 6 g protein/d (p = 0.059). Although the treatment subjects improved their intake over the control group, no significant improvement in nutritional status occurred in either group.
Forced vital capacity (FVC % predicted) improved significantly over the study period in treated vs control subjects (+11.10 $ pm$ 4.63 vs $-$4.50 $ pm$ 2.14; p = 0.026). Nitrogen balances were calculated for 9 subjects, and all were in negative balance ($-$8.42 $ pm$ 1.74 g nitrogen/d) with no difference between groups.
Because of the high doses of methylprednisolone administered (69.6 $ pm$ 8.3 mg/d), and their known catabolic effects, we examined whether the dose affected nitrogen balance and muscle strength. Both nitrogen balance (r = $-$0.73; p = 0.025) and grip strength (r = $-$0.76; p $<$ 0.001) worsened with higher doses of steroids. The catabolic process may have resulted from elevated energy requirements, inadequate intake of protein and energy or been induced by high doses of steroids.
Hospitalized COPD patients are highly stressed and catabolic, and the means to preventing protein wasting during an acute exacerbation of their disease remains to be established. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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Chan, Hiu-ting, and 陳曉庭. "The effect of diet intake on vascular function and therapeutic effect of cardiovascular medicine in patients with cardiovascular disease." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B50434342.

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Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain to be the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in Hong Kong and worldwide. Among different modifiable risk factors, dietary pattern is on the major determinant for CVD and overall mortality. Other than pharmacological therapies for cardiovascular risk factors, such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia and diabetes, maintaining a healthy diet is a more sustainable method in general population to prevent CVDs. Current lifestyle intervention in the West countries focus on high intake of fruit and vegetables with more than 400g per day and limited saturated fats with less than 10% of energy, there is very limited data on impact of dietary pattern on CVDs in Chinese. Prior studies among Chinese in Hong Kong have shown that only half of the local population fell within these recommended ranges for fat, saturated fatty acid and cholesterol intakes. Several different dietary patterns have been recommended for CVDs prevention based on: i) food groups, such as Mediterranean diet, the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet; ii) macronutrients: the low-carbohydrate diet, low glycemic index diet, very-low- fat diet and iii) nutrition or vitamin supplement. However, the effect of different dietary patterns based on modulations of food group, macronutrients and particular micronutrients on vascular structure and function in Chinese subjects is unclear. In the first part of this thesis, the relationships between different dietary pattern and surrogate markers of subclinical atherosclerosis and vascular function in different high risk populations for CVDs were investigated. In Chapter 3, we compared the assessment of dietary pattern in Chinese using different tool, including Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ); Dietary Record; and Dietitian assessment. In this study, we demonstrated that suitable dietary assessments tools should be chosen for the assessment of different dietary pattern, according to characteristics of assessments. In Chapter 4, the relationship between the fruit intake and subclinical atherosclerosis as measured by carotid intimal thickness (IMT) was investigated in patient with type II diabetes mellitus (DM). Our results showed that high fruit intake was associated with lower burden of carotid atherosclerosis, independent of level of vitamin intake in patients with type II DM. In Chapter 5, we compared the impact of high carbohydrate diet on arterial stiffness between control subjects without CVDs and patients with high risk for CVDs. Our findings showed that high carbohydrate diet mainly affected patients with established CVDs, and their increased arterial stiffness was associated with an elevation of blood pressure. In Chapter 6, we determined the effect of dietary vitamin intake on oxidative stress in patients with high risk of CVDs. In those high risk patients for CVDs, we demonstrated that increased dietary intake of vitamin A, beta-carotene and alpha tocopherol were associated with decreased oxidative stress, but these relationships were not observed in those control subjects without CVDs. It is likely attributed to the higher systemic oxidative stress levels in patients with high risk of CVDs. On the other hand, food intake may also affect the clinical efficacy of cardiovascular therapies. In particularly, it has been well established that herbal intake which is commonly used by Chinese can affect the anticoagulant effect of warfarin on patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF). Thus, in this second part of the thesis, we investigated the effect of concomitant herbal intake on anticoagulation control in patients with non-valvular AF treated with warfarin. Our results showed that patients with AF treated with warfarin had limited knowledge on potential interaction between herbal substances in foods and warfarin, in which increased herbal substances intake significantly reduced the percentage time of anticoagulant effect within the therapeutic range. Moreover, a single section of education on knowledge of herbal ingredients did not improve their percentage time of therapeutic range for these patients. In conclusion, these findings suggest that dietary pattern in Chinese might have significant impact of vascular function in patients with type II DM and high risk for CVDs. Moreover, the herbal substances in the diet among Chinese could have significant impact of the therapeutic effects in some of the cardiovascular medications, such as warfarin. Future clinical studies will be needed to confirm these potential beneficial effects of particular diet intake on vascular function in patients with high risks of CVDs as well as potential interaction between herbal substances in Chinese diet and cardiovascular medications.
published_or_final_version
Medicine
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
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Ambrosini, Gina L. "Dietary risk factors for prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia." University of Western Australia. School of Population Health, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0135.

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[Truncated abstract] This thesis examines the potential role of dietary intake in the development of two common conditions affecting the prostate gland; prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Diet is of interest as a potential risk factor for prostate cancer because of geographical variations in prostate cancer incidence and increased prostate cancer risks associated with migration from Asian to western countries. Some geographical variation has been suggested for BPH, but this is less certain. However, both prostate cancer and BPH have potential links with diet through their positive associations with sex hormone levels, metabolic syndrome, increased insulin levels and chronic inflammation. In addition, zinc is an essential dietary micronutrient required for semen production in the prostate gland. The original work for this thesis is presented in six manuscripts of which, four have been published in peer-reviewed journals (at the time of thesis completion). BPH investigated in this thesis is defined as surgically-treated BPH. The following hypotheses were investigated. Regarding foods, nutrients and the risk of prostate cancer and BPH: 1. Increasing intakes of fruits, vegetables and zinc are inversely associated with the risk of prostate cancer and BPH 2. Increasing intakes of total fat and calcium are positively associated with the risk of prostate cancer and BPH. 3. Dietary patterns characterised by high meat, processed meat, calcium and fat content are positively associated with the risk of prostate cancer and BPH. 4. Dietary patterns characterised by high fruit and vegetable and low meat content are inversely associated with the risk of prostate cancer and BPH. v Regarding methodological issues related to the study of diet-disease relationships: 5. Dietary patterns (overall diet) elicited from principal components analysis yield stronger diet-disease associations than when studying isolated nutrients. 6. Remotely recalled dietary intake is reliable enough to be used in studies of chronic disease with long latency periods, such as prostate cancer and BPH. Methods: Data from two studies was used to address the hypotheses above. ... Based on the literature reviewed and the original work for this thesis, the most important dietary risk factors for prostate cancer and BPH appear to be those common to western style diets, i.e. diets high in red meat, processed meat, refined grains, dairy products, and low in fruit and vegetables. This type of diet is likely to result in marginal intakes of antioxidants and fibre, excess intakes of fat and possibly, moderate intakes of carcinogens associated with processed meat and meat cooked at high temperatures. These dietary factors have been linked with biomarkers of inflammation, and they support the hypotheses that chronic inflammation is involved in the development of both prostate cancer and BPH. In addition, this work builds on evidence that zinc is an important factor in prostate health. There is scope for more investigation into the reliability of dietary patterns and the use of nutrient patterns as an alternative to focussing on single food components. Further studies on the reliability of remote dietary intake would also be useful. Because of the latency of chronic disease, it can be theorised that remote dietary recall may uncover more robust diet-disease relationships.
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Jenneke, Cindy A. N. "The effect of dietary patterns on risk factors for CHD : a comparative study of students residing at the Adventist International Institute of Advanced Studies in the Philippines." Thesis, Link to online version, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/554.

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Books on the topic "Diseases Nutritional aspects"

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H, Chen Linda, ed. Nutritional aspects of aging. Boca Raton, Fla: CRC Press, 1986.

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A, New Susan, Bonjour Jean-Philippe, and Royal Society of Chemistry (Great Britain), eds. Nutritional aspects of bone health. Cambridge, UK: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2003.

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Smith, G. S. Kiwifruit nutrition: Diagnosis of nutritional disorders. Wellington North, N.Z: Southern Horticulture, 1985.

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Roe, Daphne A. Nutrition and chronic disease. New York, N.Y: Chapman & Hall, 1994.

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Wardley, B. L. Handbook of child nutrition. 2nd ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997.

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1953-, Rickert Vaughn I., ed. Adolescent nutrition: Assessment and management. New York: Chapman & Hall, 1996.

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Clinical human nutrition. Hove: HumanNutrition.com, 2002.

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S, Smith Ronald. Nutrition, hypertension & cardiovascular disease. 2nd ed. Portland, Or: Lyncean Press, 1989.

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Foundation for Nutritional Advancement Symposium: Nutrition, Aging, and Immune Function (1993 Boston, Mass.). Nutrition, aging, and immune function: A Foundation for Nutritional Advancement symposium. Edited by Meydani Simin Nibkin, Weksler Marc E. 1937-, and Foundation for Nutritional Advancement. Lawrence, KS: International Life Sciences Institute, 1995.

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Smoller, Bruce R., and Franco Rongioletti, eds. Clinical and Pathological Aspects of Skin Diseases in Endocrine, Metabolic, Nutritional and Deposition Disease. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60761-181-3.

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Book chapters on the topic "Diseases Nutritional aspects"

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Montinari, Martina, Aurora Parodi, and Franco Rongioletti. "Acquired Nutritional Deficiencies." In Clinical and Pathological Aspects of Skin Diseases in Endocrine, Metabolic, Nutritional and Deposition Disease, 101–8. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60761-181-3_13.

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El-Meidany, Walaa M. R. "Association Between Hyperhomocysteinemia and Human Chronic Diseases." In Nutritional Management and Metabolic Aspects of Hyperhomocysteinemia, 133–56. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57839-8_11.

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Lenart, Elizabeth, Apostolos Kiritsakis, and Walter Willett. "Nutritional and Health Aspects of Olive Oil and Diseases." In Olives and Olive Oil as Functional Foods, 483–504. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119135340.ch26.

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Suresh, Sithara, and Mostafa I. Waly. "Metabolic Role of Hyperhomocysteinemia in the Etiology of Chronic Diseases." In Nutritional Management and Metabolic Aspects of Hyperhomocysteinemia, 51–68. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57839-8_4.

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Huitt, Gwen A. "Clinical Aspects of Nutrition in Tuberculosis." In Nutritional Abnormalities in Infectious Diseases: Effects on Tuberculosis and AIDS, 39–44. New York: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315866345-7.

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Bhatt, Neeru, Mostafa I. Waly, and Amanat Ali. "Anti-inflammatory Role of Anthocyanins in the Prevention of Hyperhomocysteinemia-Mediated Cardiometabolic Diseases." In Nutritional Management and Metabolic Aspects of Hyperhomocysteinemia, 33–49. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57839-8_3.

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Montinari, Martina, and Franco Rongioletti. "Pituitary Gland Diseases." In Clinical and Pathological Aspects of Skin Diseases in Endocrine, Metabolic, Nutritional and Deposition Disease, 35–41. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60761-181-3_4.

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Calder, Kenneth B., and Bruce R. Smoller. "Adrenal Disease." In Clinical and Pathological Aspects of Skin Diseases in Endocrine, Metabolic, Nutritional and Deposition Disease, 3–10. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60761-181-3_1.

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Rebora, Alfredo, and Franco Rongioletti. "Thyroid Disease." In Clinical and Pathological Aspects of Skin Diseases in Endocrine, Metabolic, Nutritional and Deposition Disease, 27–33. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60761-181-3_3.

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Charli-Joseph, Yann, and Marcela Saeb-Lima. "Parathyroid Disease." In Clinical and Pathological Aspects of Skin Diseases in Endocrine, Metabolic, Nutritional and Deposition Disease, 43–51. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60761-181-3_5.

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Conference papers on the topic "Diseases Nutritional aspects"

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Šarčević-Todosijević, Ljubica, Snežana Đorđević, Vera Popović, Ljubiša Živanović, Bojana Petrović, Nikola Đorđević, and Jelena Golijan. "ZDRAVSTVENI ASPEKTI ZNAČAJA HRANE." In XXVII savetovanje o biotehnologiji. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Agronomy, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/sbt27.437st.

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Food covers inorganic and organic compounds, which build the human body and provide energy. In order to ensure the proper functioning of the organism, it is necessary to take all the nutrients in optimal quantities. It is especially important to use fruits, vegetables and cereals in the in nutrition, and their regular intake helps prevent diseases of the digestive tract, hypertension, cardiovascular, neurodegenerative and infectious diseases, osteoporosis and cancer.
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Geitner, Carolin, Falk Schradt, Christina Lang, Patrick Weydt, Beate Lindner-Pfleghar, G. Bernhard Landwehrmeyer, Cornelius Werner, Beate Schumann, and Sigurd Süssmuth. "H33 The swallowing disorder in huntington’s disease (hd): an observational study – nutritional aspects." In EHDN 2018 Plenary Meeting, Vienna, Austria, Programme and Abstracts. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2018-ehdn.211.

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Reports on the topic "Diseases Nutritional aspects"

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Leach, Roland M., Carol V. Gay, Mark Pines, and Shmuel Hurwitz. Developing Nutritional-Management Protocols which Prevent Tibial Dyschondroplasia. United States Department of Agriculture, September 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1996.7573994.bard.

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The objectives of this proposal were (1) to develop early age short-term restrict feeding protocols which eliminate the incidence of TD without compromising market weight performance and (2) monitor the components of the PTH/PTHrP cascade in conjunction with the development of the protocols in Objective 1. In this investigation it was established that changes in gene expression associated with TD occur as early as 13 days of age. This means that management strategies for the control of this disease must be established during the initial two weeks of rearing. In order to determine a focus for these management strategies, attempts were made to identify the metabolic defect responsible for tibial dyschondroplasia. Therefore, the parathyroid hormone/parathyrod related peptide (PTH/PTHrP) cascade of events was investigated. This emphasis was based on the fact that many nutritional factors that influence TD could be operating through this system. Secondly, the receptor for these peptides acts as the gatekeeper of chondrocyte differentiation. Examination of many aspects of this cascade led to the conclusion that TD is not the direct result of perturbation of this PTH/PTHrP receptor but is likely to develop from an interruption of a pathway downstream from this receptor.
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Katan, Jaacov, and Michael E. Stanghellini. Clinical (Major) and Subclinical (Minor) Root-Infecting Pathogens in Plant Growth Substrates, and Integrated Strategies for their Control. United States Department of Agriculture, October 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1993.7568089.bard.

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In intensive agriculture, harmful soilborne biotic agents, cause severe damage. These include both typical soilborne (clinical) major pathogens which destroy plants (e.g. Fusarium and Phytophthora pathogens), and subclinical ("minor") pathogens (e.g. Olpidium and Pythium). The latter cause growth retardation and yield decline. The objectives of this study were: (1) To study the behavior of clinical (major) and subclinical (minor) pathogens in plant growth substrate, with emphasis on zoosporic fungi, such as Pythium, Olipidium and Polymyxa. (2) To study the interaction between subclinical pathogens and plants, and those aspects of Pythium biology which are relevant to these systems. (3) To adopt a holistic-integrated approach for control that includes both eradicative and protective measures, based on a knowledge of the pathogens' biology. Zoospores were demonstrated as the primary, if not the sole propagule, responsible for pathogen spread in a recirculating hydroponic cultural system, as verified with P. aphanidermatum and Phytophthora capsici. P. aphanidermatum, in contrast to Phytophthora capsici, can also spread by hyphae from plant-to-plant. Synthetic surfactants, when added to the recirculating nutrient solutions provided 100% control of root rot of peppers by these fungi without any detrimental effects on plant growth or yield. A bacterium which produced a biosurfactant was proved as efficacious as synthetic surfactants in the control of zoosporic plant pathogens in the recirculating hydroponic cultural system. The biosurfactant was identified as a rhamnolipid. Olpidium and Polymyxa are widespread and were determined as subclinical pathogens since they cause growth retardation but no plant mortality. Pythium can induce both phenomena and is an occasional subclinical pathogen. Physiological and ultrastructural studies of the interaction between Olpidium and melon plants showed that this pathogen is not destructive but affects root hairs, respiration and plant nutrition. The infected roots constitute an amplified sink competing with the shoots and eventually leading to growth retardation. Space solarization, by solar heating of the greenhouse, is effective in the sanitation of the greenhouse from residual inoculum and should be used as a component in disease management, along with other strategies.
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