Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Disease suppression; Rhizoctonia solani'
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Fang, Lynn. "Biological Indicators Of Compost-Mediated Disease Suppression Against The Soilborne Plant Pathogen Rhizoctonia Solani." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2015. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/456.
Full textNanayakkara, Chandrika Malkanthi Hewawasam. "Bacterial biocontrol and soil solarization strategies for suppression of Rhizoctonia solani on rice." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.424985.
Full textKabir, Nasreen Zahan. "Selection of effective antagonists against Rhizoctonia solani (AG-3), the causal agent of Rhizoctonia disease of potato." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq29726.pdf.
Full textKabir, Nasreen Zahan. "Selection of effective antagonists against Rhizoctonia solani (AG-3), the causal agent of Rhizoctonia disease of potato." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=27351.
Full textChung, Young Ryun. "Suppression of Rhizoctonia solani and its interaction with Trichoderma hamatum in bark compost container media /." The Ohio State University, 1988. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487586889189028.
Full textBrewer, Marin Talbot. "Effects of Biological Control and a Ryegrass Rotation on Rhizoctonia Disease of Potato." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2003. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/BrewerMT2003.pdf.
Full textAli, Md Ansar. "Biological variation and chemical control of Rhizoctonia solani causing rice sheath blight disease in Bangladesh." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.480682.
Full textSykes, Virginia Roseanna. "Use of digital image analysis to identify Rhizoctonia solani and Rhizoctonia zeae resistance in Festuca arundinacea plant introductions." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/42769.
Full textMaster of Science
Maios, Claudia. "Expression of defence-related genes in sugar beet plants infected with Rhizoctonia solani and treated with benzo-(1,2,3)-thiadiazole-7-carbothioic acid S-methyl ester (BTH)." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=99349.
Full textLiu, Yangxi. "Rhizoctonia Solani Damping-Off of Sugarbeet: Effect of Plant Growth Stage on Disease Severity and Management Using Penthiopyrad." Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2015. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/27901.
Full textGuillon, Christopher. "Systemic alteration of defense-related gene transcript levels in mycorrhizal bean plants infected with Rhizoctonia solani." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=33767.
Full textMuddyman, Dawn Elizabeth. "The detection of Rhizoctonia solani Kühn in soil, and the effects of biological and chemical control on damping-off disease dynamics." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.615119.
Full textWen, Kui. "Down-regulation of defense gene transcripts of Rhizoctonia solani-infected bean seedlings in response to inoculation with non-pathogenic fungi." Thesis, McGill University, 2004. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=80895.
Full textAnees, Muhammad. "Temporal dynamics of components of the microflora, including Trichoderma sp. In relation to patch development of the disease incited by Rhizoctonia solani AG2-2 in a sugar-beet field." Dijon, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009DIJOS019.
Full textTo assess the mechanisms involved in the development of disease patches caused by Rhizoctonia solani AG 2-2 in sugar beet field, transects were done across the sugar beet plots and soil was sampled within disease patches and healthy areas. Soil suppressiveness and soil inoculum potential were measured and compared. The soil became less conducive within the patches. The analyses of the structures of the microbial communities (bacteria and fungi, use of both genetic and physiological approaches) indicated changes leading to the isolation of various Trichoderma sp. They have been characterized, including the functional diversity i. E. Antagonistic activity (and the mechanisms involved) towards R. Solani. Those from the inside of the patches were more antagonistic towards R. Solani than those from healthy areas, although they could belong to the same species (T. Gamsii). Population dynamics were conducted to study the interactions between a strain of Trichoderma and R. Solani AG 2-2. They revealed that indeed T. Gamsii inhibits significantly the development and the density of R. Solani population once its population is above a threshold that may explain why the soil became less conducive within a patch but could not prevent the occurrence of the patch. Samplings were also performed along the development of the patches to study the temporal dynamics. The relative influence of an aerial disease of sugar beet caused by Cercospora beticola and the disease caused by R. Solani was investigated too, revealing that the effect of C. Beticola on the soil microflora was not neutral
Tollefson, Stacy Joy. "Compost Water Extracts And Suppression Of Root Rot (F. Solani F. Sp. Pisi) In Pea: Factors Of Suppression And A Potential New Mechanism." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/338972.
Full textMACHADO, Litervaldo Pereira. "Indução da supressividade à rizoctoniose do feijão-caupi pela rotação de culturas e adubação verde." Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, 2012. http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/6614.
Full textMade available in DSpace on 2017-03-20T14:48:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Litervaldo Pereira Machado.pdf: 826962 bytes, checksum: 4c267bd8c50631dcb8bdf8b7b2c1cc47 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-29
Rhizoctonia canker, caused by Rhizoctonia solani, is an important cowpea disease in Northeastern region of Brazil. This thesis aimed: a) to evaluate the potential of crop rotation and green manures in inducing suppressiveness to Rhizoctonia canker in cowpea; b) to identify the biotic factors related to suppression; and c) to analysis the stability of the disease suppression by selected crop rotation in relation to different isolates and inoculum density of the pathogen, and soils from different locations. The experiments were conducted in microplots in the field. In relation to crop rotations, Initially, 14 treatments were compared in four growing seasons, including different combinations of cowpea (CA) in rotation with cotton (AL), sunflower (AL), castor bean (MA), corn (MI) and sorghum (SO), and in combination with fallow (PO) and cowpea monoculture. The rotations CA-MI-SO-CA, CA-GI-SO-CA and CA-MI-PO-CA provided reductions of 77.6%, 74.0% and 73.9% in the disease severity, respectively. When the stability of disease control by CA-MI-SO-CA rotation was evaluated in relation to different pathogen isolates, inoculum densities and soils, in all situations the disease severity was significantly (P0,0001) lower under crop rotation as compared to cowpea monoculture, indicating the potential of the crop rotation for controlling the Rhizoctonia canker. In relation to green manures, 13 treatments were compared in five growing seasons, considering different combinations of cowpea and green manures (sunn hemp, breviflora crotalaria, showy crotalaria, jack bean, velvet bean, dwarf mucuna, lablab bean, dwarf pigeon pea, forage pigeon pea, corn, millet and sorghum). For the two evaluations after green manures cultivation, the incorporation of sorghum into the soil led to smallest levels of severity of cowpea Rhizoctonia canker, reducing by 81.3% and 83.3% the disease severity. There was no significant correlation from levels of disease severity with microbiological variables.
A rizoctoniose, causada por Rhizoctonia solani, é uma importante doença do feijão-caupi na região Nordeste do Brasil. Essa tese teve como objetivos: a) avaliar o potencial da utilização de rotações de culturas e adubos verdes na indução da supressividade à rizoctoniose do feijão-caupi; b) identificar os possíveis fatores bióticos dos solos responsáveis pela supressividade; e c) analisar a estabilidade do controle pela rotação de cultura selecionada em relação a diferentes isolados e densidades de inóculo do patógeno, bem como solos de diferentes localidades. Os experimentos foram realizados em microparcelas no campo. Em relação à rotação de culturas, inicialmente foram comparados 14 tratamentos em quatro ciclos de cultivo, incluindo diferentes combinações de feijão-caupi (CA) em rotação com as culturas de algodão (AL), girassol (GI), mamona (MA), milho (MI) e sorgo (SO), bem como em combinação com pousio (PO) e feijão-caupi em monocultura. As rotações CA-MI-SO-CA, CA-GI-SO-CA e CA-MI-PO-CA propiciaram reduções na severidade da doença de 77,6%, 74,0% e 73,9%, respectivamente. Quando avaliada a estabilidade do controle da doença pela rotação CA-MI-SO-CA a diferentes isolados, densidades de inóculo e solos, em todas as situações a severidade foi significativamente inferior (P0,0001) sob a rotação de culturas comparada à monocultura, indicando o potencial de utilização da rotação no controle da rizoctoniose. Em relação aos adubos verdes, foram comparados 13 tratamentos, considerando diferentes combinações de feijão-caupi e adubos verdes (crotalária breviflora, crotalária juncea, crotalária spectabilis, feijão-de-porco, guandu anão, guandu forrageiro, labe-labe, mucuna anã, mucuna preta, milho e sorgo), em cinco ciclos de cultivo. Nas duas avaliações realizadas após o cultivo de adubos verdes, a incorporação de sorgo ao solo propiciou os maiores níveis de controle da doença, reduzindo em 81,3% e 83,3% a severidade. Não houve correlação significativa dos níveis de severidade da rizoctoniose com as variáveis microbiológicas avaliadas nos solos.
Guimarães, Sabrina Santos. "Potencial de preparados de cavalinha (Equisetum sp.) na síntese de metabólitos de defesa em cotilédones de soja (Glycine max L.) e o efeito sobre o crescimento de Rhizoctonia solani, in vitro." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2012. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/280.
Full textUsually, the plant diseases control is accomplished with the use of chemicals products that can trigger harmful effects for the people or the environment. Several studies showed the potential of medicinal plants in the control of pathogens, either by their direct fungitoxic action, inhibiting the mycelial growth and spore germination, and by ability to activate the metabolism of plant defense, such as phytoalexin accumulation, indicating the presence of molecules with characteristics elicitoras. Two experiments were carried out in the Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná - Câmpus Dois Vizinhos. The aims of these works were to evaluate the potential of "cavalinha" (Equisetum sp.) prepared in the defense metabolites synthesis of soybean cotyledons (Glycine max L.) and the effect on Rhizoctonia solani growth in vitro. The experimental design used for the experiments was completely randomized in factorial 3 x 5 (extract form x concentration), with four replications. The extract forms were alcoholic extract, infusion and maceration and the concentrations tested were zero, 1, 10, 20 and 40%. In the first experiment, the phytoalexins induction in the soybean cotyledons the according with "cavalinha" prepared was evaluated. Soybean seeds were sown in autoclaved sand and kept at room temperature for 10 days. After, the plantlets cotyledons were removed and on the surface of these the treatments were applied. Then, it followed the methodological procedures of extraction technique and it was obtained via spectrophotometry the phytoalexin glyceollin quantification. The cotyledons were then used to quantify of the enzyme phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) activity and total phenols contend. In the second experiment was evaluated the potential fungistatic preparations on Rhizoctonia solani. The prepared with different concentrations was added in Petri dishes with PDA culture medium. After solidification was transferred to the center of each plate, a disc with Rhizoctonia solani mycelia. The plates were incubated alternating the photoperiod in 12 hour, at 25 °C temperature. The alcoholic extract, infusion and maceration "cavalinha" prepared present glyceolin induction of phytoalexins in soybean cotyledons, as well as it to activate the metabolism phenolic compounds. Among the prepared, the alcoholic extract and maceration forms were superior in relation the infusion form. The alcoholic extract, infusion and maceration "cavalinha" prepared using all over the concentrations inhibit Rhizoctonia solani growth in vitro. The alcoholic extract had a higher capacity to suppress mycelial growth compared to other forms of production preparations.
Lee, Dayoung. "Towards a Multifaceted Understanding of Host Resistance and Pathogenicity in Rice Sheath Blight and Blast Diseases." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1555510608170391.
Full textDavey, Rowena Sjaan. "Soil-borne disease suppression to Rhizoctonia solani AG8 in agricultural soils from a semi-arid region in South Australia." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/82376.
Full textThesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, 2013
Latz, Ellen. "Unravelling mechanisms linking plant diversity to plant-disease suppression." Doctoral thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0022-608E-7.
Full textChen, Wei-Di, and 陳偉迪. "Evaluation on Rhizoctonia solani Disease Resistance of Transgenic Watermelons Expressing Foreign Anti-Fungal Proteins." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/64682112617879530862.
Full text大葉大學
分子生物科技學系碩士班
98
Taiwan is located at the tropics and the subtropics, its climate is suited for the melons cultivation, various watermelon species were cultivated in large area. The watermelon is a cucurbitaceae, dicotyledons flowering plant. Watermelon is one of economically important agricultural products in Taiwan. The plant fungal pathogens which cause severe yield losses, still can’t be prevented and controlled without enviromentel pollution. We tried to introduce the anti-fungal protein genes into watermelons to control watermelon diseases. There is still no paper about transgenic watermelon related to anti-fungi ability. This inverstigation were tried to set up an approach of Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of watermelon carrying with Bo-AFP3 or Cp-AFP3. The anti-fungal protein genes, Cp-AFP3 and Bo-AFP3, were kindly supplied by Dr. Jei-Fu Shaw, Academia Sinica. Night putative Bo-AFP3 transgenic lines and six putative Cp-AFP3 transgenic lines were obtained. PCR and Southern blot analysis confirmed that the foreign genes were incorporated into the genic DNA of the regenatants. The transgenic lines were challenge with Rhizoctonia solani by inoculation in vitro, they showed different levels of resistance, ranging from delaying of symptom development to complete resistance. Three transgenic lines were conferred with better resistance against R. solani.
Kennett, Raymond Matthew. "The Evaluation of High Tannin Cotton Lines for Resistance to Rhizoctonia solani and Pythium aphanidermatum." 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2009-12-7621.
Full textSchneebeli, Katharina. "Genetic variation in resistance of Brachypodium distachyon to Rhizoctonia solani AG 8." Phd thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/151482.
Full textKennett, Raymond. "The Evaluation of High Tannin Cotton Lines and Their Use in Breeding for Resistance to Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. malvacearum, Pythium aphanidermatum and Rhizoctonia solani." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2010-12-9009.
Full textHarrison, Lorraine Marie. "Evaluation of Brassica accessions for resistance to Rhizoctonia solani and the effects of seeding date, soil temperature and moisture, on disease development." 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/28894.
Full textTai-Yuan, Chen, and 陳泰元. "The non-sterile propagation and mode of action of Streptomyces griseobrunneus S3 for controlling disease caused by Pythium aphanidermatum and Rhizoctonia solani AG4." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/93024043115365492523.
Full text國立中興大學
植物病理學系
93
柒、英文摘要 The non-sterile propagation and mode of action of Streptomyces griseobrunneus S3 for controlling diseases caused by Pythium aphanidermatum and Rhizoctonia solani AG4. Chen Tai-Yuan The main objectives of this investigation were to establish a non-sterile propagation system (NSPS) for biological control application of Streptomyces griseobrunneus S3 (SGS3) and to explore the mode of action of the disease control observed. The tested biological control agent SGS3, originally isolated by Lai (2003) from citrus rhizosphere, has been shown having great potential for biofungicide application. The main attributes known pertaining to its effectiveness as biocontrol agent included the excellence in chitin and β-1,3-glucan degradation, and as well the antibiotic and sporulating activities. And for the biofungicide application, a pilot scale liquid fermentation technique platform was established; the yield of spore suspension of SGS3 reached 5x1011 cfu/ml. The establishment of a NSPS discussed in this investigation was aimed to provide a grower do-it-yourself (DIY) system for the mass propagation and reactivation of the fermenter produced spore biomass right before application and thus to reduce the cost of the biofungicide application. In a preliminary screening trial where that sterile culture system was applied, the provision of wheat bran at 3% was found the best among the tested grain varieties as natural substrate for supporting the spore production of SGS3 in a broth culture system. Urea at 0.2% was found to be an appropriate nitrogen supplement for boosting up the antibiotic activity of the produced broth culture. For the serial trials conducted to establish the NSPS technique, the test bacterium was cultured with the test growth medium without autoclave sterilization. In a NSPS broth culture using wheat bran as the major growth substrate, the growth of SGS3 appeared to fluctuate during the culturing period mainly because the presence of certain microbial contaminants. A 5-minute boiling treatment of the wheat bran broth medium was found helpful in reducing the interference of the contaminating microbes thus provided significantly increased yield. However, with the optimization of the cultural substrate formulation, the applied inoculants, and the buffer capacity of the growth medium, the interference of the contaminating microbes became non-significant and the boiling treatment appeared not necessary. In an optimized cultural condition using wheat bran broth as major nutrient constituent, the growth of SGS3 was greatly improved by the addition of 100 mM K2HPO4 and 0.1% oyster shell powder; the spore yield of SGS3 reached approximately 2x1012 cfu/ml 3 days after incubation. The stimulatory effect of K2HPO4 addition appeared to be associated with the buffer capacity provided. In addition to SGS3, the optimized NSPS established appeared to work for Streptomyces sp. S1, Streptomyces sp. S4, Streptomyces saraceticus S31; the spore yield all reached 1012 cfu/ml level except that of S31 which yielded only to 1010 cfu/ml. The usefulness of the established system in Streptomyces sp. biofungicide application was clearly indicated further by the fact that the disease control effectiveness provided by the NSPS broth culture was equibalent to that by the original fermenter produced culture broth. For seedling damping offs caused by Pythium aphanidermatum and Rhizoctonia solani AG4, effective disease control was demonstrated. By drenching treatment with SGS3 broth cultures at 100X in dilution 2 days (for P. aphanidermatum) to 4 days (for R. solani AG4) before seeding, the percent infection of the two diseases was reduced by 77 to 64%, respectively, as compared to the water treated control. A comparable disease control effectiveness was also demonstrated when SGS3 was applied by seed coating. What worth to mention is that when the pre-seeding drenching treatment was combined with seed coating, the percent infection of both targeted diseases was reduced over 81%; the protective effect was equivalent to that by the compared chemical treatment- metalaxyl (applied at 350 g a.i./ml for P. aphanidermatum) and pencycuron (applied at 250 g a.i./ml for R. solani AG4). The effectiveness of disease control appeared to be dosage dependent which relies primarily on the presence of SGS3 spore propagules. The role of metabolites present in the broth culture (i.e. cultural filtrate) appeared to be minor as regards to the disease control demonstrated although its presence did contribute some additive effect in counteracting the fungal invasion. Upon artificial inoculation of SGS3, the microscopic examination revealed that the applied bacterial spores germinate readily, grew on, coiled up and even penetrated the mycelia of P. aphanidermatum and R. solani AG4. The mycoparasitism led to rapid increase of electrolytes from the host fungal mycelia, and the parasitized mycelia appeared to be killed within 24 hours. The mycoparasitic effect was manifested by the formation of eroded concave lesion reflecting the functioning of chitin/glucan degrading enzymes; the activity was greatly stimulated by the addition of chitin whereas was repressed by the addition of glucose. The killing of target fungi, as revealed by fluorescen diacetate/propidium iodide vital staining, was detected before dismantling of the fungal cell became apparent indicating the involvement of antibiotics during the process. The fast and lethal mycoparasitic activity well illustrated how SGS3 helps plants fight with the fungal pathogens. As for the disease control, the effect of SGS3 application on the disease resistance was investigated using tomato as a model. An enhanced expression of PR-1 (pathogenesis related protein 1) gene, indicating the induction of resistance gene expression, was detected consistently from foliar tissue after drenching treatment of SGS3. As the induced PR-1 gene expression was detected from the culture broth treated rather than the culture filtrate treated plants, the existence of SGS3 propagules again appeared to be critical. The data herein presented indicates clearly the disease control by SGS3 is a result of multiple mode of action including mycoparasitism, antibiotic activity, and induced resistance. The effective disease control equivalent to that by chemical fungicides was demonstrated. The success of NSPS development warrant the innundative application of the viable, active SGS3 propagules in practical application.