Relevant bibliographies by topics / Disease;Definition of disease;Explication of Disease

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Disease;Definition of disease;Explication of Disease'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 20 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Disease;Definition of disease;Explication of Disease"

1

Stepanova, Elena S. "Linguocognitive Specifics of the Disease Myth." RUDN Journal of Language Studies, Semiotics and Semantics 12, no. 1 (December 15, 2021): 153–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2299-2021-12-1-153-164.

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The article deals with the question of cancer myth representation in the popular science medical discourse. This study is carried out according to the linguocultural approach to the study of the cancer myth, which is based on the reconsideration of linguocultural phenomena. Myths about diseases are of linguistic and cultural significance and they are passed down from generation to generation. Those of phenomena that are incomprehensible and frightening are considered to cause additional associations. Cancer diseases refer to such linguocultural phenomena. Myths about diseases reflect the results of this or that form of reconsideration or experience of some phenomena by a particular linguocultural society. The work provides the definitions of the notions myth and disease. The methodology of the study is based on the research by foreign and Russian scientists in the field of study of the notions of myth and disease as semiotic systems. The popular science medical survey The Emperor of All Maladies: A Biography of Cancer by Siddhartha Mukherjee served as a research background. It analyses the way the disease myth actualizes in the popular science medical discourse. It shows a mythological plot (or mythological information) to get actualized in a particular situation by means of reference, and the way it contributes to the explication of a particular disease myth. Neither the subject of the message nor the plot of the myth is of importance for the reader, only the influence of the myth on the patients representations of disorder and his emotional state and on the society as a whole makes sense. The study helps conclude that mythological information representing the disease myth is nationally and socially marked, and is characterized by a particular conceptual presentation and is expressed by different linguistic means.
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2

Conley, Terri D., and Jennifer L. Piemonte. "Monogamy as Public Policy for STD Prevention: In Theory and in Practice." Policy Insights from the Behavioral and Brain Sciences 7, no. 2 (October 2020): 181–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2372732220943228.

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Monogamy is current public policy for preventing sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). To evaluate whether monogamy is serving its intended purposes, the Centers for Disease Control’s (CDC’s) definition of monogamy is considered. This definition does not convey to the public the fact that monogamy must be practiced very strictly to be effective and implies that serial monogamy is a safe practice. Benefits and drawbacks of employing (different versions of) monogamy to reduce STD transmission are considered. Although certain forms of monogamy are efficacious in reducing STDs, these versions of monogamy have not been adopted by the public and widely practiced forms of monogamy are not effective in practice. Finally, this review considers whether the public policy of monogamy helps society achieve its sexual health goals, explicating strengths and weaknesses of monogamy advice versus other tactics that might be utilized to curb STDs.
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Williams, Hywel. "Disease definition and measures of disease frequency." Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology 45, no. 1 (July 2001): S33—S36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1067/mjd.2001.117019.

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4

Vedantham, Suresh. "Definition of postthrombotic disease." Journal of Vascular Surgery 52, no. 5 (November 2010): 58S—62S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvs.2010.05.128.

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5

Anderson, J. M., and B. M. Hubbard. "DEFINITION OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE." Lancet 325, no. 8425 (February 1985): 408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(85)91434-5.

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Di Rocco, Maja, Generoso Andria, Bruno Bembi, Francesca Carubbi, Fiorina Giona, Gaetano Giuffrida, Silvia Linari, Michelina Sibilio, Vincenzo Spina, and Maria Domenica Cappellini. "Minimal disease activity in Gaucher disease: Criteria for definition." Molecular Genetics and Metabolism 107, no. 3 (November 2012): 521–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ymgme.2012.08.009.

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7

Matthews, Prof., Bryan. "Definition of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease." Neuroepidemiology 7, no. 2 (1988): 53–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000110136.

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Calne, Donald. "A definition of Parkinson's disease." Parkinsonism & Related Disorders 11 (June 2005): S39—S40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.parkreldis.2005.01.008.

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9

Jennings, Charles D. "Definition of occupational hand disease." Journal of Hand Surgery 20, no. 6 (November 1995): 1058. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0363-5023(05)80161-3.

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10

Gluckman, P. D. "Evolving a definition of disease." Archives of Disease in Childhood 92, no. 12 (December 1, 2007): 1053–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/adc.2007.126318.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Disease;Definition of disease;Explication of Disease"

1

George, Charles Raymond Pax. "Disease Explicated And Disease Defined." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/654.

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Disease is ubiquitous. Disease afflicts humans. It afflicts animals. It afflicts plants. People refer to disease in their everyday conversation. Newspapers comment upon it. Parliaments enact legislation regarding it. Novelists write about it. Artists depict it. Physicians, veterinary surgeons and agriculturalists seek to combat it. Insurance companies offer reimbursement against it. Anthropologists study it. Philosophers debate its nature, and dictionaries define it. Disease looms large in human consciousness. One might presume that, since disease is so important in daily life, human beings would know exactly what they mean by it. Most people seem to believe instinctively that they understand the nature of disease, and that their ideas about it coincide with other people's ideas. The definition of disease therefore arouses little controversy in everyday conversation. People use the word disease as readily as they use the words spade, or table or nose. They suggest, when they joke that somebody calls a spade a spade, that the nature of the implement used to dig the garden is so obvious that it requires no further definition. Similarly with a table or a nose. They might debate how many legs a table must have, but-regardless of the answer-rarely deny that it is a table; whilst every human must surely know what a nose is. This high level of agreement about so many commonly used terms perhaps creates an assumption that the meaning of disease is equally obvious and requires no further analysis. Is this, however, really the case? Disease is a somewhat less concrete phenomenon than is a spade or a table or a nose. Its existence, most would agree, is incontrovertible, but its nature is less clear. It is something that seems to befall people and animals and plants. It rarely serves any useful purpose. It often carries dire implications. It is something that most of us would prefer not to have, but rarely succeed in avoiding. It commonly comes unannounced and at inconvenient times. It usually causes distress, but not always. It can have a fatal outcome. Some people appear more prone to it that others. It sometimes sweeps through whole populations producing social devastation, but its manifestations vary. Some diseases affect a person's whole body, others merely a part of the body; some affect some parts of the body, others other parts. Some diseases only affect humans, whereas others affect both humans and animals. Some spread from animals to humans, others from humans to humans, and others still do not appear to spread at all. Some diseases affect plants, and few that affect plants seem to affect humans, but some humans can acquire diseases when they come into contact with plants that appear to have no diseases. Any reasonable analysis of the nature of disease must account for all these aspects and many others also. The nature of disease is a topic that has attracted the attention of physicians, scientists and philosophers over millennia. The close association that existed between medicine and philosophy in the classical Egyptian, Palestinian and Greek eras ensured that scholars who flourished in those societies examined the nature of disease. Comparable developments occurred in classical Indian and Chinese civilizations. The natural philosophers of Renaissance and post-Renaissance Europe divided into competing schools of thought over the nature of disease. More recent years have witnessed an enormous flourishing of physicians, pathologists, and agriculturalists who study aspects of disease that relate to their individual disciplines. Most of these researchers have, however, examined ever-narrower aspects of specific diseases-such as manifestations, mechanisms and causes-rather than the generic nature of the phenomenon. Some contemporary philosophers, on the other hand, have become interested in general aspects of the topic. They have proposed a number of novel ideas and reached some stimulating conclusions, although they can hardly yet claim to have reached a consensus. This lack of unanimity presumably implies that the issues involved require closer analysis if a formulation is to emerge that most of them can accept. The object of the present thesis is to undertake such an analysis. It will start by outlining in this introduction the general background to the topic. It will then detail the more noteworthy of previously proposed theories about the nature of this phenomenon, classifying them according to their most prominent components, and assessing their several strengths and weaknesses. It will next discuss the specific philosophical issues of definition, causation, and explication in the biomedical context, before suggesting a comprehensive, but succinct, definition that acknowledges many older views about disease, encompasses current usage, and provides a theoretical base from which to work into the future. It will finally test the strengths and weaknesses of that definition to account for observed phenomena and to accommodate some former definitions.
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2

George, Charles Raymond Pax. "Disease Explicated And Disease Defined." University of Sydney. History and Philosophy of Science, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/654.

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Disease is ubiquitous. Disease afflicts humans. It afflicts animals. It afflicts plants. People refer to disease in their everyday conversation. Newspapers comment upon it. Parliaments enact legislation regarding it. Novelists write about it. Artists depict it. Physicians, veterinary surgeons and agriculturalists seek to combat it. Insurance companies offer reimbursement against it. Anthropologists study it. Philosophers debate its nature, and dictionaries define it. Disease looms large in human consciousness. One might presume that, since disease is so important in daily life, human beings would know exactly what they mean by it. Most people seem to believe instinctively that they understand the nature of disease, and that their ideas about it coincide with other people�s ideas. The definition of disease therefore arouses little controversy in everyday conversation. People use the word disease as readily as they use the words spade, or table or nose. They suggest, when they joke that somebody calls a spade a spade, that the nature of the implement used to dig the garden is so obvious that it requires no further definition. Similarly with a table or a nose. They might debate how many legs a table must have, but�regardless of the answer�rarely deny that it is a table; whilst every human must surely know what a nose is. This high level of agreement about so many commonly used terms perhaps creates an assumption that the meaning of disease is equally obvious and requires no further analysis. Is this, however, really the case? Disease is a somewhat less concrete phenomenon than is a spade or a table or a nose. Its existence, most would agree, is incontrovertible, but its nature is less clear. It is something that seems to befall people and animals and plants. It rarely serves any useful purpose. It often carries dire implications. It is something that most of us would prefer not to have, but rarely succeed in avoiding. It commonly comes unannounced and at inconvenient times. It usually causes distress, but not always. It can have a fatal outcome. Some people appear more prone to it that others. It sometimes sweeps through whole populations producing social devastation, but its manifestations vary. Some diseases affect a person�s whole body, others merely a part of the body; some affect some parts of the body, others other parts. Some diseases only affect humans, whereas others affect both humans and animals. Some spread from animals to humans, others from humans to humans, and others still do not appear to spread at all. Some diseases affect plants, and few that affect plants seem to affect humans, but some humans can acquire diseases when they come into contact with plants that appear to have no diseases. Any reasonable analysis of the nature of disease must account for all these aspects and many others also. The nature of disease is a topic that has attracted the attention of physicians, scientists and philosophers over millennia. The close association that existed between medicine and philosophy in the classical Egyptian, Palestinian and Greek eras ensured that scholars who flourished in those societies examined the nature of disease. Comparable developments occurred in classical Indian and Chinese civilizations. The natural philosophers of Renaissance and post-Renaissance Europe divided into competing schools of thought over the nature of disease. More recent years have witnessed an enormous flourishing of physicians, pathologists, and agriculturalists who study aspects of disease that relate to their individual disciplines. Most of these researchers have, however, examined ever-narrower aspects of specific diseases�such as manifestations, mechanisms and causes�rather than the generic nature of the phenomenon. Some contemporary philosophers, on the other hand, have become interested in general aspects of the topic. They have proposed a number of novel ideas and reached some stimulating conclusions, although they can hardly yet claim to have reached a consensus. This lack of unanimity presumably implies that the issues involved require closer analysis if a formulation is to emerge that most of them can accept. The object of the present thesis is to undertake such an analysis. It will start by outlining in this introduction the general background to the topic. It will then detail the more noteworthy of previously proposed theories about the nature of this phenomenon, classifying them according to their most prominent components, and assessing their several strengths and weaknesses. It will next discuss the specific philosophical issues of definition, causation, and explication in the biomedical context, before suggesting a comprehensive, but succinct, definition that acknowledges many older views about disease, encompasses current usage, and provides a theoretical base from which to work into the future. It will finally test the strengths and weaknesses of that definition to account for observed phenomena and to accommodate some former definitions.
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3

Jolly, Ann. "Sexually transmitted disease core group membership in Manitoba, strategies for definition, and description of risk markers." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0025/NQ31994.pdf.

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4

Pandya, Mital. "Definition of Bovine Leukocyte Antigen Diversity and Peptide Binding Profiles for Epitope Discovery." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2016. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/474.

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The goal of the work presented herein was to further our understanding of Bovine Leukocyte Antigen (BoLA) class I diversity of Holstein cattle and develop tools to measure class I restricted T cell responses to intracellular pathogens such as foot and mouth disease virus (FMDV) following vaccination. BoLA is a highly polymorphic gene region that allows the bovine immune system to differentiate pathogen-infected cells from healthy cells. Immune surveillance by CD8+ T cells plays an important role in clearing viral infections. These CD8+ T cells recognize BoLA class I molecules bearing epitopes (antigenic peptides) of intracellular origin in their peptide binding groove. Polymorphisms in the peptide binding region of class I molecules determine affinity of peptide binding and stability during antigen presentation. Different antigen peptide motifs are associated with specific genetic sequences of class I molecules. In order to better understand the adaptive immune response mediated by BoLA molecules, technologies from human medicine such as high-throughput sequencing, biochemical affinity and stability assays, tetramers and IFN-γ ELIspot assays could be applied. Therefore, it was hypothesized that we can translate these technologies from the study of human T cell responses to the study of cattle immunity. The first objective was to establish a comprehensive method for genotyping BoLA of Holstein cattle by using Illumina MiSeq, Sanger sequencing and polymerase chain reaction sequence-specific primers (PCR-SSP) (See Chapter 2). This is an important first step in order to study the BoLA restricted immune responses following FMDV vaccination. The second objective was to define the FMDV capsid protein peptide repertoire bound by BoLA class I molecules using bioinformatics and biochemical affinity and stability assays to facilitate the identification of T cell epitopes (See Chapter 3). The third objective was to demonstrate clonal T cell expansion for specific epitope polypeptides using ex-vivo multi-color flow cytometric MHC-epitope complexes (tetramers), followed by IFN-γ production measured by an ELIspot assay to quantify and define the antigen specific response of Holstein cattle to FMDV vaccination (see Chapter 4). In this, my dissertation studies aimed to improve our understanding of the BoLA class I restricted T-cell responses to candidate FMDV vaccines in Holstein cattle. In this manner, my research will improve animal health through the production of assays for characterizing the bovine immune response to intracellular pathogens and enhance vaccine design leading to improved biologicals to protect cattle from devastating infectious diseases.
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Mengucci, Carlo. "WISDoM: Wishart Distributed Matrices Multiple Order classification. Definition and application to fMRI resting state data." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/15865/.

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In this work we introduce the Wishart Distributed Matrices Multiple Order Classification (WISDoM) method. The WISDoM Classification method consists of a pipeline for single feature analysis, supervised learning,cross validation and classification for any problems whose elements can be tied to a symmetric positive-definite matrix representation. The general idea is for informations about properties of a certain system contained in a symmetric positive-definite matrix representation (i.e covariance and correlation matrices) to be extracted by modelling an estimated distribution for the expected classes of a given problem. The application to fMRI data classification and clustering processing follows naturally: the WISDoM classification method has been tested on the ADNI2 (Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative) database. The goal was to achieve good classification performances between Alzheimer's Disease diagnosed patients (AD) and Normal Control (NC) subjects, while retaining informations on which features were the most informative decision-wise. In our work, the informations about topological properties contained in ADNI2 functional correlation matrices are extracted by modelling an estimated Wishart distribution for the expected diagnostical groups AD and NC, and allowed a complete separation between the two groups.
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6

Stavropoulos-Kalinoglou, Antonios. "Obesity in chronic inflammation using rheumatoid arthritis as a model : definition, significance, and effects of physical activity & lifestyle." Thesis, University of Wolverhampton, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2436/69603.

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Background: Inflammation is the natural reaction of the body to an antigen. In some conditions, this reaction continues even after the elimination of the antigen, entering a chronic stage; it targets normal cells of the body and causes extensive damage. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is such a condition. It associates with significant metabolic alterations that lead to changes in body composition and especially body fat (BF) increases. In the general population, increased body fat (i.e. obesity) associates with a number of health disorders such as systemic low grade inflammation and a significantly increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Both effects of obesity could have detrimental effects in RA. Increased inflammation could worsen disease activity while obesity could further increase the already high CVD risk in RA. However, obesity in RA has attracted minimal scientific attention. Aims: The present project aimed to: 1) assess whether the existing measures of adiposity are able to identify the changes in body composition of RA patients, 2) if necessary develop RA-specific measures of adiposity, 3) investigate the association of obesity with disease characteristics and CVD profile of the patients, 4) and identify factors that might affect body weight and composition in these patients. Methods: A total of 1167 volunteers were assessed. Of them 43 suffered from osteoarthritis and 82 were healthy controls. These, together with 516 RA patients were used in the first study. Their body mass index (BMI), BF, and disease characteristics were assessed. In the second, third, fourth and fifth studies a separate set of 400 RA patients was assessed. In addition to the above assessments, their cardiovascular profile and more detailed disease characteristics were obtained. For the final study, 126 RA patients were assessed for all the above and also data on their physical activity levels and their diet were collected. Results: Assessments of adiposity for the general population are not valid for RA patients. Thus, we proposed RA-specific measures of adiposity. These are able to better identify RA patients with increased BF. We were also able to find associations between obesity and disease activity. Both underweight and obese RA patients had more active disease compared to normal-weight patients. Obese patients had significantly worse CVD profile compared to normal-weight. The newly devised measures of adiposity were able to identify those at increased risk. However, not all obese individuals were unhealthy and not all normal-weight healthy. Among our patients we were able to identify subtypes of obesity with distinct phenotypic characteristics that warrant special attention. Finally, we were able to identify factors that influence body weight and composition. Cigarette smoking protected against obesity while its cessation associated with increased adiposity. Physical activity was also found to be protective against obesity while diet or inflammation of the disease failed to produce any significant results. Conclusions: Obesity is a significant threat to the health of RA patients. The measures of adiposity developed herein should be used to identify obese RA patients. Physical activity seems like the sole mode for effective weight management in this population. Health and exercise professionals should actively encourage their patients to exercise as much as they can. This study has created more questions than it answered; further research in the association of obesity and inflammation, as well as in ways to treat it, is essential.
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7

Oliver, Elizabeth L. "Vision and disease in the Napoleonic description de l'Egypte (1809-1828) : the constraints of French intellectual imperialism and the roots of Egyptian self-definition." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0001658.

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Oliver, Elizabeth L. "Vision and Disease in the Napoleonic Description de l’Egypte (1809-1828): The Constraints of French Intellectual Imperialism and the Roots of Egyptian Self-Definition." Scholar Commons, 2006. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3794.

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This study analyzes the travel conventions manifest in the engravings of the thirty-volume Description de l’Egypte produced as a result of the Napoleonic campaign to Egypt in 1798 and published between 1809 and 1828. The first chapter examines the discourse established on Egypt in travelogues throughout the eighteenth century prior to the invasion of the country. I argue that the perceptions developed around the country did not stem from actual experience, but from political and economic motivations that cast Egypt in a light favorable for occupation. I examine how this perception was challenged during the collapse of distance between the French and Egyptians in the process of colonial encounter. Drawing upon medical records and proclamations of the French medical team in Egypt, I examine a specific epidemic known as ophthalmia that led to swollen, irritated eyes and eventual blindness throughout the French army in Egypt. While it is actually caused by Chlamydia, in every appearance it makes in French medical records throughout the occupation, the disease was blamed on the climate, sunlight, and air specific to the land of Egypt. As a result, I argue that the Description’s hyper-real contrasts of light and dark and amplified decay in its representations of the monuments residing in Egypt’s ravaging climate are determined by the manner vision itself was altered by the epidemic of ophthalmia. I then contend that there exists a metaphorical parallel between the decaying pharaonic monuments in the Description and the perceived decay of modern Egyptian society that are linked by misconceptions of Egypt’s climate. I conclude that the effect of Egypt’s climate believed to destroy both physical monuments and physiological disposition was used as evidence to support the larger agenda of French imperialism that justified colonization of Egypt. Lastly, this study examines how Egyptians counteracted the negative discourse of their race by appropriating symbols of their country used in European representations and altering them to develop a national identity. Tracing the time period from French occupation through British colonization, Egyptians were able to galvanize resistance while still working within the confines of colonial control.
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Sandberg, Emma. "Respektfull design: För ökad förståelse och vilja att förändra : FUCK ME, en utställning om den svåra sjukdomen ME/CFS." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-79356.

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In this essay, I go through the different parts that compile my degree project. I have explored the power of graphic design for educational purposes. During my process, I have found a new area of graphic design, respectful design. Something that can be briefly described as design created with the greatest reverence for conveying a difficult subject without diminishing the affected person behind. An approach where one works closely with the involved and frequently checks in, so that nothing is portrayed incorrectly. This along with the constant search for information makes up the basics of respectful design. The disease ME has finally begun to be talked about in society. But the way the disease is portrayed can be argued as incorrect in relation to the bigger picture. As a graphic designer I have analyzed the problem and worked out a possible solution. My conclusion is that strong colors mixed with melancholy and straightforward information can make the subject less heavy and easier to handle. This can open the senses to problem solving and understanding instead of stopping at pity. The aim of the project has been to get away from these dark quilts that the media has placed on us. The goal was to create something that does not hide the awfulness of the disease but informs in a more fun and more inviting way. I strongly believe that graphic design can reduce the social stigma around a topic if done properly. When life is the toughest it has helped me and (after the response of the exhibition) others to learn more about our disease. Above all, if more people know more about the disease, ME- patients will get help. Hopefully society will open it’s arms so that no more people are forced to choose suicide.
I denna uppsats går jag igenom de olika delarna som sammanställer mitt examensprojekt. Jag har i grunden utforskat kraften av grafisk design i utbildningssyfte. Under min process har jag kommit fram till ett nytt område inom grafisk design, respektfull design. Detta går kort att beskriva som design utformat med största vördnad inför att förmedla ett svårt ämne utan att förminska den drabbade människan bakom. Respektfull design innebär att man jobbar nära med inblandade, kollar av hela tiden så att inget porträtteras felaktigt och läser på om ämnet så långt det går. Sjukdomen ME har äntligen börjat talas om i samhället. Men sättet sjukdomen porträtteras kan argumenteras som svartvitt och felaktigt gentemot helhetsbilden. Som grafisk designer har jag analyserat problemet och jobbat fram en möjlig lösning. Min slutsats är att starka färger blandat med melankolisk och rak information kan göra ämnet mindre tungt och mer lätthanterligt. Detta kan öppna sinnena för problemlösning och förståelse istället för att stanna vid medlidande. Syftet med projektet har varit att komma ifrån detta mörk täcke som media lagt över oss. Målet var att skapa något som inte döljer det hemska med sjukdomen men informerar på ett roligare och mer inbjudande sätt. Jag tror stark på att grafisk design kan minska det sociala stigmat runt ett ämne om det görs på rätt sätt. När livet är som tuffast har det hjälpt mig och (efter respons av utställningen) också andra med att utbilda och läsa på. Framför allt om fler vet mer om sjukdomen kommer det att gå att få bättre hjälp. Förhoppningvis öppnar samhället sina armar så att inte fler tvingas till att välja självmord.
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Eendebak, Robert. "The potential relationships between hormone biomarkers and functional and health outcomes of ageing." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2017. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-potential-relationships-between-hormone-biomarkers-and-functional-and-health-outcomes-of-ageing(e28321cc-703c-44df-99b4-fb0d76f7f429).html.

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Although the female menopause has been extensively characterized as a well-defined symptomatic state of oestrogen deficiency, which responds relatively well to oestrogen replacement therapy, the symptomatic state of androgen deficiency in men is poorly defined and uncertainty exists whether it responds to testosterone replacement. It has been proposed that hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular (HPT)-axis function (responsible for the production of androgens) and regulation could be viewed as a ‘barometer’ of health status in older men and that potential alterations in HPT-axis function and regulation reflect subclinical and clinical deficits in function and health, which may result in an aged phenotype of human health and disease in older men. The HPT-axis constitutes a well-defined, tractable, clinically-relevant, biological system, which may permit insight into the mechanisms underlying the expression of ageing-related phenotypes of human health and disease. By using a different lens – such as the genetic background; the compensatory responses within the HPT-axis; the syndromes of androgen deficiency; the ethnic background of an individual or the life course trajectory of function and health from conception into older age – to magnify potential dysregulation in the HPT-axis will it be possible to visualize and understand the phenotypic expression of human male ageing as a gradient of functional and health outcomes. This will allow for a better understanding of the physiological mechanics underlying symptomatic expression of dysregulation in the HPT-axis.
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Books on the topic "Disease;Definition of disease;Explication of Disease"

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Prescribing by numbers: Drugs and the definition of disease. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2007.

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Office, International Labour. List of occupational diseases: Identification and recognition of occupational diseases : criteria for incorporating diseases in the ILO list of occupational diseases. 2nd ed. Geneva: International Labour Office, 2010.

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List of occupational diseases: Identification and recognition of occupational diseases : criteria for incorporating diseases in the ILO list of occupational diseases. 2nd ed. Geneva: International Labour Office, 2010.

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Commission, North Carolina Environmental Management. Report of proceedings for proposed rule amendments for the purpose of deeming certain decontamination wastewater permitted: 15 A NCAC 2H .0103 definition of terms 15 A NCAC 2H .0106 filing applications. Raleigh, N.C.]: State of North Carolina, Dept. of Environment and Natural Resources, Environmental Management Commission, 2002.

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United States. Congress. House. A bill to amend title XVIII of the Social Security Act to expand the definition of homebound for purposes of receiving home health services under the Medicare program to allow Medicare beneficiaries to attend adult day care programs for treatment of Alzheimer's disease and other conditions. Washington, D.C: U.S. G.P.O., 2000.

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United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Veterans' Affairs. Amending Title 38, United States Code, to clarify the definition of "disease" for purposes of the entitlement of veterans to benefits under such title, to revise and improve the assessment of the health consequences of the service during the Persian Gulf War, and for other purposes: Report of the Committee on Veterans' Affairs, United States Senate, to accompany S. 2330, together with minority views. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1994.

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Affairs, United States Congress Senate Committee on Veterans'. Amending Title 38, United States Code, to clarify the definition of "disease" for purposes of the entitlement of veterans to benefits under such title, to revise and improve the assessment of the health consequences of the service during the Persian Gulf War, and for other purposes: Report of the Committee on Veterans' Affairs, United States Senate, to accompany S. 2330, together with minority views. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1994.

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United States. Congress. House. A bill to amend the Public Health Service Act to provide for Alzheimer's clinical research and training awards, to amend title XVIII of the Social Security Act to expand the definition of homebound for purposes of receiving home health services under the Medicare program to allow Medicare beneficiaries to attend adult day care programs for treatment of Alzheimer's disease and other conditions, to amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to allow individuals a deduction for qualified long-term care insurance premiums, use of such insurance under cafeteria plans and flexible spending arrangements, and a credit for individuals with long-term care needs, and for other purposes. Washington, D.C: U.S. G.P.O., 2000.

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Dessì, Giuseppe. Diari 1963-1977. Edited by Francesca Nencioni. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-6655-038-9.

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This book is the fifth and last volume of the Diari of Giuseppe Dessí, a publication made possible by Franca Linari's transcription combined with the attentive editorship of Francesca Nencioni. The series began with the account of Dessí's early years (1926-1931) and continued with precious details of the period of his development (1931-1948) and the literary production of his maturity (1949-1951; 1952-1962). This time the author's experience and his own notes enable what is almost an 'autobiography of the artistic process' that offers eloquent insight into the creation of Paese d'ombre: not only a reconstruction of the genesis of the novel that won Dessí the Premio Strega, but also the sketching out of events and characters and the gradual definition of the plot. The literary evidence does not stop here, since significant texts of his theatrical production (Eleonora d'Arborea) can also be placed in this last fifteen years, along with narrative (for example Lei era l'acqua). All is set against the backdrop of family, friends (who also suddenly disappear), political passion and a courageous struggle against disease.
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Lancellotti, Patrizio, and Bernard Cosyns. Pericardial Disease. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198713623.003.0010.

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Echocardiography is the first line examination for the diagnosis of suspected pericardial disease. Assessment of pericardial disease is of critical importance for the management of patients in a number of clinical scenarios. This chapter discusses the definition of these scenarios and their associated echocardiographic findings. It shows the definition and echocardiographic findings of pericardial effusion and constrictive pericarditis. Constrictive pericarditis is characterized by impaired cardiac diastolic function due to a thickened, inflamed or adherent, frequently calcified pericardium. It is often post-surgery, radiotherapy, or as evolution of effusive pericarditis. The chapter also chapter shows the definition and echocardiographic findings of pericardial cysts and congenital absence of pericardium.
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Book chapters on the topic "Disease;Definition of disease;Explication of Disease"

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Suzuki, Jiro. "History and Definition." In Moyamoya Disease, 1–5. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-95483-2_1.

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van der Waal, Isaäc. "Introduction, Terminology and Definition, Classification." In Burning Mouth Disease, 1–6. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-71640-0_1.

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Targan, S. R. "New IBD markers: definition of disease heterogeneity." In Inflammatory Bowel Disease, 221–26. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0371-5_22.

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Hashimoto, Satoru. "Definition of ARDS: Does the Berlin Definition Fit the Clinical Entity and Predict the Outcome?" In Respiratory Disease Series: Diagnostic Tools and Disease Managements, 3–17. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-8371-8_1.

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Aboyans, Victor. "Polyvascular Disease: Definition, Epidemiology, Relevance." In PanVascular Medicine, 4779–810. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-37078-6_213.

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Goodwin, J. F. "Cardiomyopathies and specific heart muscle diseases: definition, terminology and classification." In Heart Muscle Disease, 1–5. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4874-7_1.

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Lado, Marta, Colin S. Brown, Naomi F. Walker, Daniel Youkee, Oliver Johnson, Andy Hall, Patrick Howlett, Hooi-Ling Harrison, Felicity Fitzgerald, and Natalie Mounter. "Clinical Features, Case Definition and Clinical Management of Ebola Virus Disease." In Ebola Virus Disease, 9–17. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-94854-6_2.

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Nakamura, Hidetoshi, and Minoru Kanazawa. "Definition and Pathogenesis of Drug-Induced Lung Injury: What Is DLI?" In Respiratory Disease Series: Diagnostic Tools and Disease Managements, 3–12. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4466-3_1.

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Paneni, Francesco, and Francesco Cosentino. "Epidemiology, Definition, and Diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus." In Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease, 3–12. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17762-5_1.

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Abe, Musashi, Akiko Tanaka, Azusa Otomo, Naruo Yoshimura, Emiko Kurosawa, Yutaka Nakamura, Isao Ohno, and Takashi Ohrui. "Diagnosis of Aspiration Pneumonia: What Is the Definition of Aspiration Pneumonia in Clinical Practices?" In Respiratory Disease Series: Diagnostic Tools and Disease Managements, 27–34. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4506-1_3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Disease;Definition of disease;Explication of Disease"

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Lee, ALH, T. Cheung, HY Chung, CTK Ho, TWL Li, PH Li, MY Mok, et al. "12 Validation of a novel definition of low disease activity state in systemic lupus erythematosus." In LUPUS 2017 & ACA 2017, (12th International Congress on SLE &, 7th Asian Congress on Autoimmunity). Lupus Foundation of America, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/lupus-2017-000215.12.

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Gudu, T., and R. Ionescu. "FRI0729 Definition of remission and minimal disease activity in psoriatic arthritis: a systematic literature review." In Annual European Congress of Rheumatology, 14–17 June, 2017. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and European League Against Rheumatism, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2017-eular.5813.

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Djunadi, Trie Arni, Youjin Oh, Liam Il-Young Chung, Timothy Hong, Soowon Lee, Zunairah Shah, Joo Hee Park, Sung Mi Yoon, and Young Kwang Chae. "1407 Understanding the definition of hyperprogressive disease (HPD) and its incidence – a new path forward." In SITC 37th Annual Meeting (SITC 2022) Abstracts. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jitc-2022-sitc2022.1407.

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Gicchino, Maria Francesca, Gabriella Giancane, Alessandra Alongi, Silvia Rosina, Jessica Tibaldi, Marta Mazzoni, Angelo Ravelli, and Alessandro Consolaro. "SAT0501 THE IMPACT OF MORNING STIFFNESS ON THE DEFINITION OF INACTIVE DISEASE IN JUVENILE IDIOPATHIC ARTHRITIS." In Annual European Congress of Rheumatology, EULAR 2019, Madrid, 12–15 June 2019. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and European League Against Rheumatism, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-eular.7784.

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de Blasio, Francesca, Luca Scalfi, Paola Alicante, Giulia Miracco Berlingieri, Barbara Bellofiore, and Francesco de Blasio. "Malnutrition and sarcopenia in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease according to the new ESPEN definition and EWGSOP criteria." In ERS International Congress 2017 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/1393003.congress-2017.pa400.

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Souza, Milene, Marcio Balthazar, and Mônica Yassuda. "CAN COMPUTERIZED NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS BETTER DISCRIMINATE SUBJECTIVE COGNITIVE DECLINE IN ELDERLY?" In XIII Meeting of Researchers on Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1980-5764.rpda097.

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Background: Subjects with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) are at higher risk of developing mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer’s dementia (AD). By definition, they perform normally on conventional neuropsychological tests. However, it is unclear whether computerized tests can detect subtle changes in this population. Objective: To compare cognitive performance in conventional and computerized tests of the CANTAB battery in people over 55 years old, divided into three subgroups: Controls, SCD and MCI, according to the NIA-AA 2018 criteria. Methods: We included 64 volunteers: 19 controls, 15 SCD, 30 MCI. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) model was used in both tests and naive bayes classifier were used to distinguish SCD from controls. Results: In conventional tests, variability of 57,17%, differentiating only the MCI. The CANTAB showed a subtle difference in dispersion between SCD and controls, with a variability of 30,12%. Cognitive functions with greater differentiation: episodic visual memory and new learning with variability of 72,65%, visual perception and immediate visual memory 51,95% variability, with similar results between the SCD and MCI groups. Attention and psychomotor speed 23,89%. Sustained attention and psychomotor speed with 71,3%. Adjusted for demographic variables, 52,63% of the SCD were classified as MCI in the computerized test, while the conventional one did not change. Conclusion: Computerized tests seem to be more sensitive in differentiating SCDs from controls, resembling the MCI group.
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Sy-Janairo, Marianne Linley, and Juliet Cervantes. "IDDF2020-ABS-0184 Differences of adenoma detection rate (ADR) between high definition colonoscopes – a retrospective cross-sectional study." In Abstracts of the International Digestive Disease Forum (IDDF), 22–23 November 2020, Hong Kong. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Society of Gastroenterology, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2020-iddf.109.

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Melissaropoulos, Konstantinos, Dimitrios Daoussis, Ioannis Antonopoulos, Alexandra Filippopoulou, and Stamatis-Nick Liossis. "SAT0288 A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS CLINICAL TRIALS SINCE 2005. LACK OF EARLY DISEASE TARGETING, CONFUSION RELATED TO DISEASE DURATION DEFINITION AND LOW LEVEL OF INCORPORATION OF THE NEW CLASSIFICATION CRITERIA." In Annual European Congress of Rheumatology, EULAR 2019, Madrid, 12–15 June 2019. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and European League Against Rheumatism, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-eular.3777.

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Dick, Georgina, Stephen J. Bourke, Carlos Echevarria, and Simon J. Doe. "What is a NICE definition of lung disease in patients with Cystic Fibrosis and its impact on treatment?" In ERS International Congress 2018 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2018.pa4621.

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Almodovar, Raquel, Juan D. Cañete, Eugenio de Miguel, Jose antonio Pinto Tasende, and Rubén Queiró Silva. "AB0788B RECOMENDATIONS FOR DISEASE ACTIVITY ASSESSMENT AND DEFINITION OF CLINICAL REMISSION IN PSORIATIC ARTHTITIS: A DELPHI-BASED EXPERT CONSENSUS." In Annual European Congress of Rheumatology, EULAR 2019, Madrid, 12–15 June 2019. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and European League Against Rheumatism, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-eular.1964.

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Reports on the topic "Disease;Definition of disease;Explication of Disease"

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Daudelin, Francois, Lina Taing, Lucy Chen, Claudia Abreu Lopes, Adeniyi Francis Fagbamigbe, and Hamid Mehmood. Mapping WASH-related disease risk: A review of risk concepts and methods. United Nations University Institute for Water, Environment and Health, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53328/uxuo4751.

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The report provides a review of how risk is conceived of, modelled, and mapped in studies of infectious water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) related diseases. It focuses on spatial epidemiology of cholera, malaria and dengue to offer recommendations for the field of WASH-related disease risk mapping. The report notes a lack of consensus on the definition of disease risk in the literature, which limits the interpretability of the resulting analyses and could affect the quality of the design and direction of public health interventions. In addition, existing risk frameworks that consider disease incidence separately from community vulnerability have conceptual overlap in their components and conflate the probability and severity of disease risk into a single component. The report identifies four methods used to develop risk maps, i) observational, ii) index-based, iii) associative modelling and iv) mechanistic modelling. Observational methods are limited by a lack of historical data sets and their assumption that historical outcomes are representative of current and future risks. The more general index-based methods offer a highly flexible approach based on observed and modelled risks and can be used for partially qualitative or difficult-to-measure indicators, such as socioeconomic vulnerability. For multidimensional risk measures, indices representing different dimensions can be aggregated to form a composite index or be considered jointly without aggregation. The latter approach can distinguish between different types of disease risk such as outbreaks of high frequency/low intensity and low frequency/high intensity. Associative models, including machine learning and artificial intelligence (AI), are commonly used to measure current risk, future risk (short-term for early warning systems) or risk in areas with low data availability, but concerns about bias, privacy, trust, and accountability in algorithms can limit their application. In addition, they typically do not account for gender and demographic variables that allow risk analyses for different vulnerable groups. As an alternative, mechanistic models can be used for similar purposes as well as to create spatial measures of disease transmission efficiency or to model risk outcomes from hypothetical scenarios. Mechanistic models, however, are limited by their inability to capture locally specific transmission dynamics. The report recommends that future WASH-related disease risk mapping research: - Conceptualise risk as a function of the probability and severity of a disease risk event. Probability and severity can be disaggregated into sub-components. For outbreak-prone diseases, probability can be represented by a likelihood component while severity can be disaggregated into transmission and sensitivity sub-components, where sensitivity represents factors affecting health and socioeconomic outcomes of infection. -Employ jointly considered unaggregated indices to map multidimensional risk. Individual indices representing multiple dimensions of risk should be developed using a range of methods to take advantage of their relative strengths. -Develop and apply collaborative approaches with public health officials, development organizations and relevant stakeholders to identify appropriate interventions and priority levels for different types of risk, while ensuring the needs and values of users are met in an ethical and socially responsible manner. -Enhance identification of vulnerable populations by further disaggregating risk estimates and accounting for demographic and behavioural variables and using novel data sources such as big data and citizen science. This review is the first to focus solely on WASH-related disease risk mapping and modelling. The recommendations can be used as a guide for developing spatial epidemiology models in tandem with public health officials and to help detect and develop tailored responses to WASH-related disease outbreaks that meet the needs of vulnerable populations. The report’s main target audience is modellers, public health authorities and partners responsible for co-designing and implementing multi-sectoral health interventions, with a particular emphasis on facilitating the integration of health and WASH services delivery contributing to Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) 3 (good health and well-being) and 6 (clean water and sanitation).
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Zheng, Ruo-xiang, Jia-wei Xu, Bi-yao Jiang, Wei Tang, Chun-li Lu, Xiao-yang Hu, and Jian-ping Liu. Mind-body therapies in traditional Chinese medicine for neuropathic pain: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.4.0016.

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Review question / Objective: The purpose of this review is to comprehensively evaluate the effectiveness and safety on mind-body therapies of traditional Chinese medicine for neuropathic pain. Condition being studied: According to the definition by the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP), neuropathic pain is a kind of pain caused by lesions or diseases affecting the somatosensory nervous system. It has brought considerable negative impacts on patients and society. Neuropathic pain is a prevalent disease and can be induced by a variety of clinical conditions such as spinal cord injury (prevalence rate: 53%), induced peripheral neuropathic pain (prevalence rate: 38%), diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain (prevalence rate: 10%-26%), chemotherapy postherpetic neuralgia (3.9-42.0/10,000 people per year), prosopalgia (3-5/10,000 people per year), and so on. However, current recommended medicines for neuropathic pain management could cause dependence and adverse events. Thus, alternatives would be helpful for both patients and clinicians. Mind-body therapy in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has a long history in clinical practice for relieving pain and their effectiveness has not been systematically reviewed.The purpose of this review is to comprehensively evaluate the effectiveness and safety on mind-body therapies of traditional Chinese medicine for neuropathic pain.
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Parsons, Helen M., Hamdi I. Abdi, Victoria A. Nelson, Amy M. Claussen, Brittin L. Wagner, Karim T. Sadak, Peter B. Scal, Timothy J. Wilt, and Mary Butler. Transitions of Care From Pediatric to Adult Services for Children With Special Healthcare Needs. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepccer255.

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Objective. To understand the evidence base for care interventions, implementation strategies, and between-provider communication tools among children with special healthcare needs (CSHCN) transitioning from pediatric to adult medical care services. Data sources. We searched Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, the Cochrane Central trials (CENTRAL) registry, and CINAHL to identify studies through September 10, 2021. We conducted grey literature searches to identify additional resources relevant to contextual questions. Review methods. Using a mixed-studies review approach, we searched for interventions or implementation strategies for transitioning CSHCN from pediatric to adult services. Two investigators screened abstracts and full-text articles of identified references for eligibility. Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials, quasi-experimental observational studies, and mixed-method studies of CSHCN, their families, caregivers, or healthcare providers. We extracted basic study information from all eligible studies and grouped interventions into categories based on disease conditions. We summarized basic study characteristics for included studies and outcomes for studies assessed as low to medium risk of bias using RoB-2. Results. We identified 9,549 unique references, 440 of which represented empirical research; of these, 154 (16 major disease categories) described or examined a care transition intervention with enough detail to potentially be eligible for inclusion in any of the Key Questions. Of these, 96 studies met comparator criteria to undergo risk of bias assessment; however only 9 studies were assessed as low or medium risk of bias and included in our analytic set. Low-strength evidence shows transition clinics may not improve hemoglobin A1C levels either at 12 or 24 months in youth with type 1 diabetes mellitus compared with youth who received usual care. For all other interventions and outcomes, the evidence was insufficient to draw meaningful conclusions because the uncertainty of evidence was too high. Some approaches to addressing barriers include dedicating time and resources to support transition planning, developing a workforce trained to care for the needs of this population, and creating structured processes and tools to facilitate the transition process. No globally accepted definition for effective transition of care from pediatric to adult services for CSHCN exists; definitions are often drawn from principles for transitions, encompassing a broad set of clinical aspects and other factors that influence care outcomes or promote continuity of care. There is also no single measure or set of measures consistently used to evaluate effectiveness of transitions of care. The literature identifies a limited number of available training and other implementation strategies focused on specific clinical specialties in targeted settings. No eligible studies measured the effectiveness of providing linguistically and culturally competent healthcare for CSHCN. Identified transition care training, and care interventions to
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