Academic literature on the topic 'Disease bacteriosis'
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Journal articles on the topic "Disease bacteriosis"
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Kulbanska, Ivanna, Marina Shvets, Anatoliy Goychuk, Monika Sporek, Lidiia Pasicnhyk, Volodymyr Patyka, Antonina Kalinichenko, and Mirosław Bąk. "Phytopathogenic Bacteria Associated with Bacterioses of Common Oak (Quercus robur L.) in Ukraine." Forests 14, no. 1 (December 21, 2022): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f14010014.
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Studying the biological characteristics of the causative agents of bacteriosis of the common oak (Quercus robur L.) (to highlight the links between the key factors of pathogenesis and bacterial groups) is a new and relevant area of research. This work aims to identify the species composition of phytopathogenic bacteria associated with common oak bacteriosis and to study the morphological, cultural, and biochemical properties of pathogens. To establish the general phytosanitary state of the surveyed stands, classical forest inventory and phytopathological (visual on based on typical symptoms of the disease and macroscopic) methods were used. The properties of isolated bacteria were studied using microbiological methods. The weakening and dieback of common oak in the forests of Ukraine is directly related to four types of bacterioses and their pathogens: the soft bacterial rot of acorns (Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum, bacterial wetwood (Lelliottia nimipressuralis), dry rot of branches and trunks (Erwinia rhapontici), and canker disease (Pseudomonas fluorescens and Pseudomonas sp.). Research on the correspondence between the biological properties of common oak bacteriosis pathogens has established that the synthesis of pectin-degrading enzymes and the ability to ferment with the release of acid and gas in many carbohydrate media by phytopathogenic bacteria is the main characteristic. This ensures the intensity and typical symptoms of the pathogenesis of a particular bacteriosis.
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Subrahmanyam, G., R. Das, R. Debnath, M. Chutia, K. M. Ponnuvel, and K. Sathyanarayana. "Characterization of bacterial pathogens in Muga silkworm, Antheraea assamensis Helfer (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae)." Journal of Environmental Biology 44, no. 3(SI) (June 3, 2023): 479–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.22438/jeb/44/3(si)/jeb-07.
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Aim: To identify and characterize the bacterial pathogens associated with bacteriosis in muga silkworm, A. assamensis. Methodology: The mid gut of diseased silkworm, A. assamensis was dissected and bacterial pathogens were cultured. Bacterial pathogens were identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Insect bioassay studies were conducted to understand the pathogenicity of bacterial isolates. Results: Bacterial pathogens were identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus mycoids. Under laboratory conditions, approximately 70% mortality of A. assamensis larvae was due to P. aeruginosa, while 50% larval mortality was due to B. mycoids. Interpretation: P. aeruginosa was relatively more pathogenic to A. assamensis than B. mycoids. Further, a graph on disease progression was developed to understand the trajectory of bacteriosis in A. assamensis. Key words: Bacteriosis, Disease progression, Muga silkworm, Pseudomonas sp., 16S rRNA sequencing
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Arestova, N. O., I. O. Ryabchun, and N. G. Ryabushchenko. "SPREAD OF BERRY BACTERIOSIS ON VINE PLANTS OF VARIOUS VARIETIES IN THE LOWER DON." Russian Vine 24 (August 11, 2023): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.32904/2712-8245-2023-24-3-9.
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Information is given on the prevalence and intensity of development of bacteriosis of grape berries in the conditions of the Lower Don region. Bacteriosis of berries is caused by the bacterium Bacillus. Basically, bacteria enter the berries through the wound surface of the skin of the berries, caused by insect stings, sunburn, and other factors, although the infection of the berries with bacteria is fixed without damaging the skin. The causative agent of the disease is resistant to high temperatures and lack of moisture. The disease symptoms on the same varieties was noted not every year. The intensity of spread of bacteriosis of berries also differed by years. In 2020, signs of damage by bacteriosis of berries were noted in 30% of the studied varieties and with a greater intensity of damage, compared with 2021. The intensity of bacteriosis damage from 1.5 points and higher was noted in the varieties: VIR-1, Kabashny, Kosorotovsky, Pochatochny, Staryy Goryun, which is 13% of the observed varieties. In 17% of varieties, the intensity of the damage did not exceed 1.4 points. In 2021, bacteriosis of berries appeared in a smaller number of varieties compared to 2020 (10% of the studied ones) and with a lower intensity of damage (up to 1.5 points).
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Vlajić, Slobodan, Maja Ignjatov, Dragana Milošević, Zorica Nikolić, and Sanja Vasiljević. "Significant bean bacteriosis." Biljni lekar 49, no. 6 (2021): 761–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/biljlek2106761v.
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Beans are an important plant species that is grown in our agroecological conditions. One of the significant factors in the reduction and quality of yield are phytopathogenic bacteria that appear on leaves, stems, pods and seeds. Also, one of the reasons for the frequent incidence of the disease is the use of seeds that are not declared, and very often infected. In our conditions, depending on the environmental conditions, two species from the genus Xanthomonas and Pseudomonas predominantly appear. Species Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli, the causal agent of common bacterial blight is affected by warmer and wet conditions, while the species Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. phaseolicola is affected by colder weather and humid conditions. Other bacteria that appear are of minor economic importance.
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Thainá Fogliatto Moreira, Juliane Nicolodi Camera, Jana Koefender, André Schoffel, and Diego Pascoal Golle. "Susceptibility of cassava accessions and microbial activity of plant extracts in the in vitro control of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis." Acta Biológica Catarinense 10, no. 3 (September 21, 2023): 4–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.21726/abc.v10i3.2159.
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In Brazil, the most important disease in cassava is bacteriosis, caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis. The variety of substances present in plants has provided an increase in research using plant extracts for in vitro control of phytopathogens. This work aimed to evaluate different extracts for the control of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis as well as to evaluate which accessions are susceptible to this bacteriosis. The work was divided into two experiments, one in a greenhouse and the other in the laboratory, both in a completely randomized design with five replications. The propolis, oregano and star anise extracts tested in this research proved to be a control option. Understanding the antimicrobial effect of compounds present in plant extracts may constitute yet another way of alternatively controlling pathogens in cultivated plants. Regarding the cassava accessions, the use of the Fepagro RS14 cultivar and the FV10, FV13 and SJ06 accessions is recommended, as these proved to be resistant to bacteriosis.
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Larounga, Tchaniley, Adjata Kossikouma Djodji, and Agata Takpa Tissalitiyén. "Agromorphological Characterization and Evaluation of the Susceptibility of 19 Cassava Clones (Manihot esculenta crantz) to Cassava Mosaic Disease and Cassava Bacteriosis in Togo." East African Scholars Journal of Agriculture and Life Sciences 5, no. 4 (May 2, 2022): 72–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.36349/easjals.2022.v05i04.002.
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Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is an important tuber crop grown in many countries around the world that contributes to people's food security and is a source of income for producers. But it is clear that cassava cultivation encounters enormous constraints, among which cassava mosaic disease (CMD) and cassava bacteriosis are the most important. Thus, knowledge and exploitation of the diversity of cassava is of particular importance for maintaining and improving its productivity. It is in this perspective that the present study is carried out, the objective of which is to identify the morphological characteristics of 19 cassava clones, and to evaluate the susceptibility of the clones to cassava mosaic disease (CMD) and cassava bacteriosis at the Lomé Agronomic Experimentation Station. The results of this study revealed significant phenotypic variability within the clones. The evaluation of the phytosanitary state of the clones showed that the mean attack severity varied from 1.07 to 2.70 for CMD and from 1.81 to 2.11 for bacteriosis. Fresh tuber yields varied from 12.86 t/ha to 75.71 t/ha. Seven clones (GB20, GA24, D24, N22, Cm, C04, C02) obtained a higher yield than the control clone C01 (40 t/ha). The GB20 clone (75.71 t/ha) was the most productive, 89.26% more than the control clone.
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Odintsov, Yu N., and V. M. Perelmuter. "Biological functions of complement." Bulletin of Siberian Medicine 6, no. 2 (June 30, 2007): 72–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.20538/1682-0363-2007-2-72-82.
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One of the true basic resistance factors is complement. Main functions of it consist in bacterial lysis, bacterial opsonisation for phagocytosis. Alteration of lytic function for opsonic function depends upon macrophages. Complement functions at bacteriosis depend on phathogenesis features in infectious disease.
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Ushkalov, A. "Analysis of bacterioses in the Kharkiv region for the period 2019-2022." Naukovij vìsnik veterinarnoï medicini, no. 2 (184) (November 23, 2023): 111–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.33245/2310-4902-2023-184-2-111-123.
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An important link in maintaining epizootic well-being is a timely diagnosis of an infectious animal disease. In today’s conditions and increased requirements for biosafety, the importance and responsibility of conducting laboratory research is growing. Only a laboratory-confirmed diagnosis is definitive. For the most part, the classic bacteriological method is the basis for an expert opinion and as a result of a laboratory study aimed at identifying the causative agents of bacterial diseases. The relevance of a zoonotic disease is determined by epizootological, epidemiological, ecological, socio-economic values and biosafety for humans and animals. In the article, a thorough analysis and representative results of laboratory studies of biomaterial from different species of animals and data on the dominant and sporadically appearing causative agents of animal bacteriosis in the territory of the Kharkiv region are carried out. The structure of the main causative agents and objects of excretion is determined. Thus, according to the re sults of bacteriological monitoring, it was established that causative agents of colibacteriosis (41%), staphylococcus (30%), streptococcus (17%), salmonellosis (5%), and pasteurellosis (2%) are circulating in the Kharkiv region. The share of causative agents of dysentery, aeromonosis and American bee rot is 1.48% each. The results of the research prove the necessity of continuing bacteriological monitoring for the detection of bacterial pathogens in the territory of the Kharkiv region and the entire territory of Ukraine in order to maintain public and timely prevention of zoonotic diseases. Key words: bacteriosis, colibacteriosis, salmonellosis, staphylococcus, streptococcus, research, epizootic index, bacteriological monitoring, bacterial diseases, causative agent.
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Ruiz, M., E. A. Rossi, N. C. Bonamico, and M. G. Balzarini. "MULTI-TRAIT MODELS FOR GENOMIC REGIONS ASSOCIATED WITH MAL DE RÍO CUARTO AND BACTERIAL DISEASE IN MAIZE." Journal of Basic and Applied Genetics 32, Issue 1 (July 2021): 25–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.35407/bag.2021.32.01.03.
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Maize (Zea Mays L.) production has been greatly benefited from the improvement of inbred lines in regard to the resistance to diseases. However, the absence of resistant genotypes to bacteriosis is remarkable. The aim of the study was to identify genomic regions for resistance to Mal de Río Cuarto (MRC) and to bacterial disease (BD) in a diverse maize germplasm evaluated in the Argentinian region where MRC virus is endemic. A maize diverse population was assessed for both diseases during the 2019-2020 crop season. Incidence and severity of MRC and BD were estimated for each line and a genome wide association study (GWAS) was conducted with 78,376 SNP markers. A multi-trait mixed linear model was used for simultaneous evaluation of resistance to MRC and BD in the scored lines. The germplasm showed high genetic variability for both MRC and BD resistance. No significant genetic correlation was observed between the response to both diseases. Promising genomic regions for resistance to MRC and BD were identified and will be confirmed in further trials. Key words: maize disease; genome wide association study; SNP; multi-trait model
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Ruiz, M., E. A. Rossi, N. C. Bonamico, and M. G. Balzarini. "MULTI-TRAIT MODELS FOR GENOMIC REGIONS ASSOCIATED WITH MAL DE RÍO CUARTO AND BACTERIAL DISEASE IN MAIZE." Journal of Basic and Applied Genetics 32, Issue 1 (July 2021): 25–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.35407/bag.2020.32.01.03.
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Maize (Zea Mays L.) production has been greatly benefited from the improvement of inbred lines in regard to the resistance to diseases. However, the absence of resistant genotypes to bacteriosis is remarkable. The aim of the study was to identify genomic regions for resistance to Mal de Río Cuarto (MRC) and to bacterial disease (BD) in a diverse maize germplasm evaluated in the Argentinian region where MRC virus is endemic. A maize diverse population was assessed for both diseases during the 2019-2020 crop season. Incidence and severity of MRC and BD were estimated for each line and a genome wide association study (GWAS) was conducted with 78,376 SNP markers. A multi-trait mixed linear model was used for simultaneous evaluation of resistance to MRC and BD in the scored lines. The germplasm showed high genetic variability for both MRC and BD resistance. No significant genetic correlation was observed between the response to both diseases. Promising genomic regions for resistance to MRC and BD were identified and will be confirmed in further trials. Key words: maize disease; genome wide association study; SNP; multi-trait model
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Disease bacteriosis"
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Das, Debasish. "Studies on some biochemical profiles of muga silkworm, antheraea assama WW (Lepidoptera : Saturniidae) and thin relation to the disease bacteriosis in the Cooch Behar Districts of West Bengal." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1354.
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Andersson, Robert. "Characterisation of regulatory genes involved in the control of virulence determinants in Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora /." Uppsala : Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences (Sveriges lantbruksuniv.), 1999. http://epsilon.slu.se/avh/1999/91-576-5732-7.pdf.
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Minhas, Tony. "The growth and production of hydrolytic enzymes by Bacteriodes gingivalis W50." Thesis, University of the West of England, Bristol, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.330319.
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Grinter, Rhys W. "Discovering colicin and lectin-like bacteriocins for the creation of disease resistant transgenic plants." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2014. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/5879/.
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The colicin and lectin-like bacteriocins are a broad class of antimicrobial proteins produced by Gram-negative bacteria. They are generally narrow spectrum, killing or inhibiting the growth of closely related bacteria. Numerous Gram-negative bacteria that are important pathogens of both animals and plants produce and are susceptible to these bacteriocins. As such, these proteins represent an attractive alternative to traditional small molecule antibiotics for controlling bacterial infection. Very little is known about bacteriocins produced by Gram-negative plant pathogens and so the aim of this work was to discover novel bacteriocins active against globally important plant pathogens from the genera Pectobacterium and Pseudomonas. The bacteriocins discovered in this study were then structurally and functionally characterised and assessed for their ability to impart disease resistance when expressed in a model transgenic system. This study presents the discovery and characterisation of the bacteriocins syringacin M, syringacin L1 and pyocin L1 from the genus Pseudomonas, As well as the discovery and characterisation of the unusual ferredoxin containing pectocins from the genus Pectobacterium. Also presented is the discovery of a novel virulence related ferredoxin/iron-uptake system in Pectobacterium, which is parasitised by the pectocins for cell entry. Additionally, the transgenic expression of the bacteriocin putidacin L1 in both Arabidopsis thaliana and Nicotiana benthamiana was shown to provide these plants with resistance to infection by strains of the plant pathogen P. syringae.
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Thorberg, Britt-Marie. "Coagulase-negative staphylococci in bovine sub-clinical mastitis /." Uppsala : Dept. of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2008. http://epsilon.slu.se/10971614.pdf.
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Medeiros, José Gilberto Sousa. "Reação de genótipos de pessegueiro a bacteriose causada por Xanthomonas arboricola pv. pruni." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2009. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/254.
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CAPESA bacteriose do pessegueiro causada por Xanthomonas arboricola pv. pruni é uma das principais doenças da cultura no Brasil e na maioria das regiões produtoras do mundo. A utilização de cultivares resistentes é um instrumento para reduzir o progresso da doença. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar e classificar genótipos de pessegueiro quanto à sensibilidade a Xanthomonas arboricola pv. pruni. Assim, foram realizados três experimentos visando avaliar a reação de genótipos de pessegueiro em diferentes situações. No experimento em condições naturais se avaliou a incidência, a severidade e a desfolha ocasionada pela doença. Os genótipos avaliados apresentaram níveis diferentes de sensibilidade, sendo que os genótipos Conserva 985, Conserva 1129, Conserva 871 e ‘Tropic Snow’ apresentaram-se como os mais resistentes, enquanto que ‘Bonão’, Conserva 1125, ‘Atenas’ e Conserva 1153 os mais suscetíveis. Em laboratório se avaliou a severidade da bacteriose em folhas destacadas e inoculadas com Xanthomonas arboricola pv. pruni em oito genótipos de pessegueiro, selecionados no experimento em condições naturais Mensurou-se, também, a atividade de alguns compostos bioquímicos relacionados à patogênese em dois genótipos mais resistentes e dois mais suscetíveis. Com base nos resultados obtidos conclui-se que a técnica de inoculação por infiltração em folhas destacadas é viável para identificar genótipos resistentes à bacteriose; os genótipos Conserva 985 e Conserva 1129 apresentaram-se como os mais resistentes, enquanto que Conserva 1125, ‘Atenas’ e Conserva 1153 os mais suscetíveis; não foi possível relacionar a resistência à bacteriose com os compostos bioquímicos estudados. Em ambiente controlado (estufa) se avaliou a progressão da doença em plantas juvenis, através dos níveis de severidade nas folhas, utilizando os mesmos genótipos do experimento em laboratório. Os resultados obtidos foram similares aos experimentos anteriores e ratificaram a resistência dos genótipos Conserva 985 e Conserva 1129 e de suscetibilidade dos genótipos Conserva 1153, ‘Bonão’ e ‘Antenas’ a bacteriose causada por Xanthomonas arboricola pv. pruni.
The bacterioses of peach caused by Xanthomonas arboricola pv. pruni is an of the majors diseases of the peach orchard in Brazil and in the most of producing regions of the world. The use of resistant cultivars is a tool to reduce disease progresses in commercial orchards. This work aimed to evaluate and classify peaches genotypes which the sensitivity to Xanthomonas arboricola pv. pruni. Thus, three experiments were performed to evaluate the reaction of genotypes of peach in different situations. In the experiment under natural conditions, it was evaluated the incidence, severity and defoliation caused by bacterial spot. The genotypes showed different levels of sensitivity, and the genotypes Conserva 985, Conserva 1129, Conserva 871 and 'Tropic Snow' were the most resistant, while ‘Bonão’, Conserva 1125, 'Atenas' and Conserva 1153 was the most susceptible ones. In laboratory, it was evaluated the severity of bacterial spot in detached peach leaf, inoculated with Xanthomonas arboricola pv. pruni in eight genotypes of peach, selected in the experiment under natural conditions. It was measured the activated of some biochemical compounds related to the pathogenesis in two resistant genotypes and two susceptible ones. Based on the results, it was concluded that the detached-leaf bioassay, inoculated by infiltration, is possible to use for identify resistant bacterial spot genotypes. The genotypes that showed the lowest rates of disease were Conserva 985 and Conserva 1129, while Conserva 1153, Atenas and Conserva 1125 showed the highest rates; it was not possible to identify a biochemical compound related to bacterial spot resistance. In a controlled environment (greenhouse), it was evaluated the progression of the disease in young plants through the levels of bacterial spot severity on the leaves, using the same genotypes of the experiment in the laboratory. The results were similar with the previous results confirming the resistance of Conserva 985 and Conserva 1129, and the susceptibility of Conserva 1153 and ‘Atenas’ to bacterial spot caused by Xanthomonas arboricola pv. pruni.
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Davidse, Elton (Elton Kurt). "Prevention and treatment of mastitis in dairy cows with bacteriocins produced by Enterococcus faecalis." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/16296.
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Thesis (MSc)--University of Stellenbosch, 2003.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The effect of the bacteriocin-like peptide AS-48, produced by Enterococcus faecalis FAIRE 92, was tested against a mastitis isolate of Staphylococcus aureus in an in vivo and in vitro study. During initial tests peptide AS-48 showed no significant activity towards S. aureus, even with a ten-fold concentrated cell-free supernatant. Activity was obtained only after purification with Triton X-114 phase partitioning, followed by cation exchange chromatography. Titers for the purified peptide varied between 3200 and 12800 AU/ml. The purified peptide also exhibited activity towards Streptococcus agalactiae and Streptococcus dysgalactiae, but not against Escherichia coli. The size of peptide AS-48 was determined at 7150 Da, based on electronspray mass spectrometry and SDS-PAGE. Complete inhibition of cell growth was obtained by adding 1ml of the purified peptide (3200 AU/ml) to 100 ml of cells of S. aureus in the lag growth phase. When the same concentration of peptide AS-48 was added to a culture of S. aureus in mid-exponential growth, a slight decrease in viable cell numbers was recorded, which lasted for only 30 min. Cell growth commenced thereafter. In situ experiments in cows were done with purified peptide AS-48, encapsulated in liposomes. These in vivo studies were conducted by administering peptide AS-48 (6400 AU/ml) to different udder quarters. In a prevention trial, i.e. where quarters were pretreated with peptide AS-48, a reduction close to 90% in the viable cell numbers of S. aureus was recorded relative to the control quarters, which were not treated with the peptide. A 50% reduction in somatic cell count (SCC) was recorded. In the treatment trial, i.e. infected quarters treated with peptide AS-48, a reduction of up to 94% in viable cell numbers of S. aureus was recorded. In the same quarters, a reduction in SCC amounted to almost 80%. A recombinant strain was constructed by conjugating plasmid 92 (p92), encoding peptide AS-48, from Enterococcus faecalis FAIRE 92 to E. faecalis FA2/Ent, which produces enterocins 1071A and 1071B. Southern blot hybridization experiments revealed thepresence of plasmid p92 in the recipient strain without the loss of plasmid pEF1071, which encodes enterocins 1071A and 1071B. All three antimicrobial peptides, i.e. enterocin 1071A, enterocin 1071B and peptide AS-48, were produced in transconjugant FA2/Ent/AS-48. The spectrum of antimicrobial activity of the transconjugant was greater than that recorded for strains FA2/Ent and FAIRE 92, respectively and included E. faecalis, Bacillus cereus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus curvatus, Lactobacillus fermentum, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus reuteri, Lactobacillus sakei, Leuconostoc cremoris, Leuconostoc pentosaceus, Staphylococcus carnosus and S. aureus. These organisms are not inhibited by strain FA2/Ent. However, low levels of peptide AS-48 was produced by strain FA2/Ent/AS-48. Further research in fermentation and gene expression will be needed before the transconjugant E. faecalis FA2/Ent/AS-48 may be used in the treatment of mastitis.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die effek van die bakteriosien-agtige, peptied AS-48, geproduseer deur Enterococcus faecalis FAIRE 92, is gedurende ‘n in vivo en in vitro studie teen ‘n mastitiese Staphylococcus aureus-isolaat getoets. Aanvanklike toetse met peptied AS-48, selfs tienvoudig gekonsentreerde selvrye supernatant, het geen beduidende aktiwiteit teen S. aureus getoon nie. Aktiwiteit is eers verkry na suiwering met Triton X-114 fase-skeiding gevolg deur katioon uitruilingschromatografie. Titers vir die gesuiwerde peptied het tussen 3200 en 12800 AE/ml gewissel. Die gesuiwerde peptied het ook aktiwiteit teen Streptococcus agalactiae en Streptococcus dysgalctiae getoon, maar nie teen Escherichia coli nie. Peptied AS-48 het ‘n molekulêre massa van 7150 Da, soos bepaal met elektronsproeimassa spektrometrie en SDS-PAGE. Totale inhibisie van selgroei is verkry deur 1 ml gesuiwerde peptied AS-48 (3200 AE/ml) by ‘n 100 ml kultuur van S. aureus in die sloerfase te voeg. Dieselfe konsentrasie peptied AS-48, toegevoeg tydens die mideksponensiële groeifase, het egter slegs ‘n klein vermindering in die aantal lewende selle teweeg gebring en het ook vir slegs ‘n 30 min geduur. Selgroei het hierna weer normaal voort gegaan. In situ eksperimente op koeie is uitgevoer met gesuiwerde peptied AS-48, geenkapsuleerd in liposome. Hierdie In vivo studies is onderneem deur peptied AS-48 (6400 AE/ml) in verskillende kwarte van die uier, kunsmatig of reeds geïnfekteerd met S. aureus, toe te dien. In ‘n voorkomings-eksperiment waar kwarte vooraf met peptied AS- 48 behandel is, is ‘n verlaging van byna 90% in die lewende seltelling van S. aureus relatief tot die kontrole kwarte, sonder behandeling met peptied AS-48, verkry. ‘n 50% verlaging in die somatiese seltelling (SST) is verkry. In die behandelings-eksperiment, waar geïnfekteerde kwarte met peptied AS-48 behandel is, is ‘n verlaging van byna 90% in lewende S. aureus selle gevind. In dieselfde kwarte is ‘n verlaging van byna 80% in die SST genoteer.‘n Rekombinante ras is gekonstrueer deur plasmied 92 (p92), wat kodeer vir peptied AS- 48, vanaf Enterococcus faecalis FAIRE 92 na E. faecalis FA2/Ent, wat enterosien 1071A en 1071B produseer, te konjugeer. Southern-klad hibridisasie het die teenwoordigheid van plasmied p92 in die ontvanger ras, sonder die verlies van plasmied pEF1071 wat enterosien 1071A en 1071B kodeer, getoon. Al drie antimikrobiese peptiede, nl. enterosien 1071A, enterosien 1071B en peptied AS-48, is deur die transkonjugant FA2/Ent/AS-48 geproduseer. Die spektum van antimikrobiese aktiwiteit van die transkonjugant vand die transkonjugant is breër as dié van rasse FA2/Ent en FAIRE 92, onderskeidelik en het ook E. faecalis, Bacillus cereus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus curvatus, Lactobacillus fermentum, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus reuteri, Lactobacillus sakei, Leuconostoc cremoris, Leuconostoc pentosaceus, Staphylococcus carnosus en S. aureus ingesluit. Hierdie organismes word nie deur ras FA2/Ent geïnhibeer nie. Lae vlakke van peptied AS-48 is egter deur ras FA2/Ent/AS-48 geproduseer. Verdere navorsing in fermentasie en geenuitdrukking is nodig voordat E. faecalis FA2/Ent/AS-48 in die behandeling van mastitis gebruik kan word.
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Wirawan, Ruth E., and n/a. "An investigation into the antimicrobial repertoire of Streptococcus uberis." University of Otago. Department of Microbiology & Immunology, 2007. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20070312.142108.
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Streptococcus uberis, an environmental organism also associated with dairy animals, is a common and persistent cause of bovine mastitis. New approaches to control these infections need to be identified. One such strategy may be the application of bacteriocins; proteinaceous antimicrobials elaborated by bacteria that typically inhibit the growth of strains closely related to the producer organism. The well-characterized lactococcal bacteriocin nisin is the active ingredient in two commercial products currently in use for the prevention of mastitis. However, reports of resistance development have prompted the investigation of alternative bacteriocins to be used in conjunction with nisin in 'bacteriocin cocktails' designed to have more comprehensive inhibitory activity against mastitis pathogens. The bacteriocins of gram-positive bacteria have been divided into four distinct classes: (I) lantibiotics, (II) non-lantibiotic peptides, (III) large proteins, and (IV) circular peptides.
Although it has been known for more than twenty years that S. uberis commonly produce bacteriocin-like inhibitory substances (BLIS), none had been characterised prior to the present study. The first step in the current investigation was a survey of the BLIS activities of a set of fifteen S. uberis and S. bovis strains against a set of standard indicators as well as common gram-positive mastitis pathogens. Additional tests using a deferred antagonism agar plate-based assay showed that some of the BLIS activities were heat-sensitive and their production was influenced by the presence of either blood or a fermentable carbohydrate source in the test medium. On the basis of the results obtained from these tests it became apparent that S. uberis and S. bovis may commonly produce more than a single inhibitory agent.
S. uberis 42 became the focus of this study because (a) it had broad inhibitory activity against mastitis-associated bacteria, (b) it did not display cross-resistance to nisin, and (c) from the preliminary screening results it appeared to produce both heat-stable and heat-labile inhibitory agents. Acid extracts of S. uberis 42 cells yielded inhibitory activity that, when fractionated by reversed-phase HPLC, yielded a peptide of 3029 Da. Although this peptide was blocked to Edman degradation at position 2, following propanethiol-modification a 20-amino acid sequence was obtained. Degenerate primers to lantibiotic biosynthesis gene homologs were used to initiate inverse PCR and primer walking, ultimately yielding a 15-kb contiguous sequence encompassing 11 genes typical of those involved in lantibiotic synthesis, regulation and immunity. Due to the close similarities to nisin of the S. uberis 42 lantibiotic precursor (78%), and the organisation and composition of the locus, this inhibitor was named nisin U. Nucleotide sequences homologous to insertion sequences were detected in the vicinity of the nisin U locus, and indicate a possible mechanism of acquisition of this locus by S. uberis. The locus was detected in ten other S. uberis, and also in two S. agalactiae and two S. thoraltensis strains, and in one S. porcinus and one S. pluranimalium strain. The amino acid sequences of some of these differed in one or two amino acids, and these variants were named nisin U2 and nisin U3 accordingly. Nisin U, the two nisin U variants, and nisin A exhibited cross-immunity (i.e. all of the producer strains were insensitive to each form of nisin) and cross-inducibility (i.e. all of the producer strains displayed enhanced production when exposed to each form of nisin).
Nisin U did not contribute to the entire spectrum of inhibitory activity of S. uberis 42. Freeze thaw extracts of S. uberis 42 agar cultures yielded heat-labile inhibitory activity that was inhibitory to L. lactis A5, a producer of nisin Z. Subsequent purification by cation-exchange chromatography, gel filtration, and reversed-phase HPLC yielded a peptide of mass 7048 Da, which was resistant to Edman degradation. Digestion with chymotrypsin released an 819 Da peptide fragment of sequence NH₂-KAQAVIW-COOH. Tn916 mutagenesis of S. uberis 42 enabled the identification of the genetic locus of the inhibitor, comprising six genes potentially involved in its biosynthesis and immunity. The detection of a pair of flanking 159-bp direct repeats indicates possible acquisition of the locus by 'long target duplication'. The inhibitor was inferred to be a circular peptide, on the basis of its behaviour to Edman degradation, and by comparison of its locus with that of other circular bacteriocins. On the basis that the purified peptide appears to induce lysis in sensitive bacteria, although by an as-yet unidentified mechanism, the inhibitor was named uberolysin. The uberolysin structural gene was detected in eight other strains of S. uberis, however not all of these appeared to be producing active inhibitor.
No bacteriocins closely resembling the two reported in this thesis have been demonstrated previously to be produced by members of the genus Streptococcus. The remarkable diversity in the structures, activity spectra and basic modes of action of these two bacteriocins produced by a single strain of S. uberis, combined with the observation of apparent greater heterogeneity in properties of a preliminary sampling of BLIS-producing strains, indicates that these bacteria may be an important source of novel antimicrobials of potential value for the treatment of mixed bacterial infections and for minimising potential resistance development.
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Thisted, Lambertz Susanne. "Development of a PCR-based method for detection of pathogenic Yersinia enterocolitica in pork /." Uppsala : Dept. of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2005. http://epsilon.slu.se/2005123.pdf.
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Englund, Stina. "Molecular biology techniques as a tool for detection and characterisation of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis /." Uppsala : Dept. of Veterinary Microbiology, Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences ([Institutionen för veterinärmedicinsk mikrobiologi], Sveriges lantbruksuniv.), 2002. http://epsilon.slu.se/avh/2002/91-576-6366-1.pdf.
Full textBooks on the topic "Disease bacteriosis"
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Acha, Pedro N., and Boris Szyfres. Zoonosis y enfermedades transmisibles comunes al hombre y a los animales, 3a edición. Vol. I Bacteriosis y micosis. 3rd ed. Pan Amer Health Org, 2001.
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Paho. Zoonoses and Communicable Diseases Common to Man and Animals, 3rd edition. Vol. I Bacterioses and Mycoses (Scientific and Technical Publication). 3rd ed. Not Avail, 2001.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Disease bacteriosis"
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D’Amato, Richard F., and Henry D. Isenberg. "Enteric Bacteriosis." In Laboratory Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases, 217–31. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3898-0_24.
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Lavermicocca, P., F. Valerio, S. L. Lonigro, S. Lazzaroni, A. Evidente, and A. Visconti. "Control of Olive Knot Disease with a Bacteriocin." In Pseudomonas syringae and related pathogens, 451–57. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0133-4_49.
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Rani, Pushpa, and Santosh Kumar Tiwari. "Role of Bacteriocins in Modulation of Microbiome in Human Diseases." In Role of Microbes in Sustainable Development, 395–408. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-3126-2_17.
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Kültz, Dietmar. "Infectious diseases." In A Primer of Ecological Aquaculture, 252–76. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198850229.003.0018.
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Abstract Infectious diseases are responsible for the loss of almost half of all aquaculture production. Their incidence can be minimized by strict biosecurity in closed recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS). Infections are caused by pathogens transmitted by physical contact or biological vectors, either horizontally (within the same generation) or vertically (from parents to offspring). Many infectious pathogens are present in the environment, but healthy aquatic animals suppress them by employing pathogen defence mechanisms such as physical barriers and immunity. Immunity is compromised by stresses encountered in aquaculture. Adaptive immunity is based on cellular memory and limited to vertebrates (aquaculture fishes) while innate immunity and physical defences are also utilized by invertebrates. Four types of pathogens cause significant infectious diseases of aquaculture organisms: viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites. Diagnosis of viroses, bacterioses, mycoses, and parasitoses uses PCR, cytopathic effects in host cell lines, growth on selective media, microscopy in combination with specific stains, and visual inspection of hosts (e.g. to observe ectopic macroparasites). Treatment includes antibiotics, medicated feeds, chemotherapeutic, saline, or oxidative baths, and co-culture with cleaner fish. Prophylaxis is the best and sometimes the only (e.g. viroses) approach for minimizing disease problems in aquaculture. It is based on implementing biosecurity, sanitary management, quarantine, water sterilization, disinfection, stress reduction, regular monitoring, domestication of disease-resistant strains of aquaculture organisms, and utilization of specific pathogen-free (SPF) stocks of aquaculture organisms.
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Reissier, Sophie, Malo Penven, Charlotte Michaux, and Vincent Cattoir. "Virulence Determinants of Enterococcus Faecium." In Infectious Diseases. IntechOpen, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.114397.
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Enterococcus faecium, a member of the human gut microbiota, has emerged as a notable opportunistic pathogen, contributing to a diverse range of hospital-acquired infections. Its capacity to thrive in various anatomical sites and initiate infections is attributed to an elaborate suite of virulence determinants. Prominent among these are cell surface components and pili structures, which facilitate initial adhesion and subsequent biofilm formation. Additionally, temperature-regulated gene expression augments virulence by enhancing adherence and biofilm formation. E. faecium also employs sophisticated mechanisms to modulate host immune responses, including hindering leukocyte killing through membrane structures like lipoteichoic acids and capsular polysaccharides. Bacteriocins confer a competitive edge by inhibiting competing bacteria, while global regulators orchestrate biofilm formation and stress responses. The stringent response further enhances adaptation to stress conditions. Understanding these virulence factors is paramount for unraveling the intricacies of E. faecium infections and devising effective therapeutic strategies.
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Iqbal, Owais, Chengyun Li, Nasir Ahmed Rajput, and Abdul Mubeen Lodhi. "Management of Phytopathogens by Antagonistic Bacillus spp in Tomato Crop." In Tomato Cultivation and Consumption - Innovation, Sustainability and Health [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.112439.
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Bacillus is a genus of gram-positive bacteria that is widely distributed in the environment. The species of this genus present in the endosphere, phyllosphere and rhizosphere in the plant and perform as a beneficial biocontrol agent and promote plant health. These strains exhibit diverse capabilities, including the potentiality to directly suppress the germination of microbial, stimulate plant development, reduce pathogen infections, degrade different types of hydrocarbons, function effectively across a wide temperature range, and induce immune resistance in host plants. The species/strains of Bacillus genus have proven promising biocontrol agents against a large number of fungal and bacterial causal organism, as well as plant-damaging insects. They induce a wide range of composites with antifungal properties, such as iturin, surfactin, cyclic lipopeptides, bacillomycin, bacteriocins, polyketide, lentibiotics, phospholipid, polyketide microlectine, isocosmarin and amino sugar. These compounds play a crucial role in preventing and controlling diseases in plants. The synthesis of these compounds is initiated in response to the presence of bacterial and fungal pathogen biomass and their cell walls. The purpose of this review is to offer a thorough exploration of the disease suppression mechanisms utilized by Bacillus, with a specific emphasis on their function as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR).
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Sandlie, Inger, and Terje E. Michaelsen. "Choosing and manipulating effector functions." In Antibody Engineering, 169–88. Oxford University PressOxford, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199635924.003.0009.
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Abstract The aim of antibody therapy is often target-cell destruction. The target cells may be microorganisms, infected cells, cancer cells, autoimmune T cells, or cells responsible for organ graft rejection and graft versus host disease. In all these cases it is crucial that the effector mechanisms of target-cell specific antibodies are elicited. Antibodies protect against bacterial infections by inducing bactericidal activity, i.e. complement-mediated bacteriolysis, or by inducing opsonophagocytosis mediated by neutrophils, monocytes, or macro phages. When experiments are carried out using antibodies against human target cells and with human serum as the source of complement, only a few of the antibody molecules induce good lysis. This is due to the presence of cell surface molecules such as ‘homologous restriction factor’, ‘decay accelerating factor’, CD59, and ‘membrane co-factor protein’ (collectively called comple ment regulatory proteins or homologous complement restriction factors).
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Schmid-Hempel, Paul. "Within-host dynamics and evolution." In Evolutionary Parasitology, 317–52. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198832140.003.0012.
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Infections typically spread from a primary site to target organs. Rapid early defences are critical to contain an infection. However, recognition is not error-free and shows a trade-off between specificity and sensitivity. The within-host dynamics of an infection can be studied in various ways, e.g. with target cell-limited models. The disease space can trace within-host infection trajectories and predict the eventual outcome. Also, computational and systems immunology identify important defence elements and predict the course of an infection. Infecting populations evolve within their hosts. Horizontal transfer of genetic elements, recombination, and mutations thereby allow pathogens to escape host defences; examples are escape mutants or antigenic variation. The evolution of antimicrobial resistance is of special concern. Co-infecting parasites, such as bacteria, can cooperate to exploit a host (e.g. by production of siderophores) or compete for access (e.g. by releasing bacteriocins). Multiscale models combine within- and between-host episodes.
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Kaur, Tejinder, and Praveen P. Balgir. "Ancient Pediocin to Innovative Antimicrobial." In Advances in Medical Diagnosis, Treatment, and Care, 183–226. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-0307-2.ch009.
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Multi-drug resistance among patients suffering from infectious diseases has reached such proportions as to render them ineffective. WHO has to put out advisories time and again as to regulate their use. The presently available antibiotics are targeted at inhibiting vital biochemical pathways of pathogens, like nucleotide, protein, or cell wall synthesis in a very specific manner. Antibiotics have been rendered ineffective due to chemical modification, gene mutation, or transport mechanisms employed by pathogens. The novel approach to this problem can be naturally occurring antimicrobial peptides like bacteriocins produced by food grade bacteria. Pediocins produced by pediococcal strains have been found to inhibit a broad spectrum of pathogens by mechanisms that are robust enough to withstand development of resistance. Thus, these pediocins are attractive molecular precursors to develop novel antimicrobials. However, their application as such poses challenges that can be overcome with developing innovative technologies of chemical modifications and delivery strategies.
Conference papers on the topic "Disease bacteriosis"
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NONATO, Manuelly Rufino, Renata Fernandes Ferreira MORAES, Leticia Meirelles ÁVILA, Ana Cláudia Tavares VIEIRA, and Erica Cristina Rocha ROIER. "EQUINE (Equus caballus) INFUNDIBULAR DISEASE: CASE REPORT." In SOUTHERN BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY 2021 INTERNATIONAL VIRTUAL CONFERENCE. DR. D. SCIENTIFIC CONSULTING, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.48141/sbjchem.21scon.16_abstract_nonato.pdf.
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Raising horses has become increasingly important over the years, generating great income for breeders and contributing to the economy of the entire country. Dental care with these animals occurs less frequently than necessary, which causes weakness and loss of performance in them. Infundibular disease is a dental disorder, defined as a necrotizing bacteriosis characterized by destroying the inorganic material of the dental tissues, affecting mainly the premolar and molar teeth. This pathology may predispose to other alterations such as colic syndrome, gingivitis, difficulty in feeding, and consequent weight loss, besides resistance in the adaptation to mouth movements, which cause significant losses to the breeders. Its diagnosis is made through anamnesis, general and specific clinical examination of the oral cavity, and complementary exams, such as x-ray. This paper reports the case of a 13-year-old horse weighing about 400 kg of live weight, whose chosen treatment was the extraction of the affected tooth. The study aimed to review predisposing factors, diagnosis, the effects that this clinical change can cause on the animal’s organism, and infundibular disease treatment, describing the therapy used and its results.
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Zaitseva, L. A., N. A. Kudryavtsev, D. O. Morozov, and V. V. Chebanenko. "Agrotechnics, plant protection and immunity in improving the phytosanitary condition of crops Flax in Russia." In Растениеводство и луговодство. Тимирязевская сельскохозяйственная академия, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/978-5-9675-1762-4-2020-148.
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The Federal scientific center for bast crops has long been creating varieties with high resistance to 2 diseases (rust and Fusarium wilt), and now successfilly solves the problem of forming resistance to 3 (rust, Fusarium and Anthracnose) and even to 4 diseases (rust, Fusarium, Anthracnose and Pasmo). New proposals for phytosanitary monitoring and forecasting racionalize plant protection in relation to flax production. Ecologized biological preparations (for example, Vitaplan, Sternifag) are effective against flax diseases (Bacteriosis, Anthracnose, Mottling, etc.) and contribute to the preservation of the flax crop.
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Kender, Walter J. "Citrus Canker: Impacts of Research on Eradication and Control." In ASME 1986 Citrus Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/cec1986-3204.
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Citrus Bacterial Canker Disease (CBCD), caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. citri, occurs in many citrus areas of the world. It has been reported in 40 different countries, on 5 continents (Asia, South Africa, Australia, South America and North America). Prior to the 1984 outbreak in Florida, the 4 known strains of the bacterium were A, B, C and Mexican bacterioses. Canker-A or Strain-A, endemic in Asia, was reported in China, India and Java in the early 1800’s, found in Japan in 1899 and in the Philippines in 1914. It affects most citrus species and hybrids. Grapefruit is especially susceptible. Strain-A was introduced into the United States from Japan on trifoliate orange seedlings in 1910. An eradication program was started in 1915 in Florida and the disease was eradicated in 1927. In South America, the Asiatic form was not found until 1957 in Brazil and 1972 in Argentina. In 1979, the A Strain broke out in the commercial citrus area of Sao Paulo State, Brazil. Paper published with permission.