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Journal articles on the topic 'Discursive cultures'
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1
Crevani, Lucia, Marianne Ekman, Monica Lindgren, and Johann Packendorff. "Leadership cultures and discursive hybridisation." International Journal of Public Leadership 11, no. 3/4 (August 10, 2015): 147–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijpl-08-2015-0019.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the concept of leadership culture and analyse how leadership cultures are produced in higher education reforms, in a hybridised discursive context of traditional academic values and emerging managerialism and leaderism. Design/methodology/approach – Building on a perspective on leadership as a cultural phenomenon emerging in processes in which societal, sectorial and professional discursive resources are invoked, this study adds to earlier studies on how notions of leadership are involved in the transformation of higher education organisations. To this end, the method combines a traditional qualitative study of change initiatives over a long period of time with participative observation. Focusing on two vignettes, the analysis centres on how several discursive resources are drawn upon in daily interaction. Findings – The emergence of hybrid leadership cultures in which several discursive resources are drawn upon in daily interaction is illustrated. This paper emphasises how hybrid cultures develop through confirmation, re-formulation and rejection of discursive influences. Research limitations/implications – An extended empirical material would enable further understanding of what cultural constructions of leadership that become confirmed, re-formulated or rejected. International comparisons would also enrich the analysis. Practical implications – This paper may influence leadership, leadership development and change initiatives in higher education organisation. Social implications – Higher education organisations are crucial for societal development and this paper contributes to better understanding how they are changing. Originality/value – The perspective proposed builds on recent developments in leadership studies and expands the means for focusing on social processes rather than individuals.
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Shepherd, Tamara. "Discursive Legitimation in the Cultures of Internet Policymaking." Communication, Culture and Critique 11, no. 2 (March 30, 2018): 231–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ccc/tcx020.
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Gong, Lili, and Yongping Ran. "Discursive Constraints of Teasing: Constructing Professionality via Teasing in Chinese Entertainment Interviews." Chinese Journal of Applied Linguistics 43, no. 1 (March 26, 2020): 64–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cjal-2020-0005.
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AbstractTeasing can be approached as a linguistic resource for examining the interpersonal issues of im/ politeness and face, or as a discursive strategy for displaying relationships or constructing social identities. However, studies have underestimated the discursive constraints of teasing in specific contexts. Meanwhile, a majority of teasing studies were based on Western cultures and did not pay sufficient attention to the variety of teasing across cultures. By collecting data from two Chinese entertainment interviews, where the interviewer employs teasing frequently for performing institutional roles, this study examined how teasing functions to assist the interviewer to complete communicative goals, and explored the discursive constraints of teasing in media context. Data analysis exemplified how teasing helped the interviewer to manage an interview event, obtain the guest’s disclosure and seek audience involvement, helping to construct the interviewer’s professionality. Implications for understanding the discursive features of teasing in the Chinese media context were addressed.
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Yi, Lin. "Ethnicization through Schooling: The Mainstream Discursive Repertoires of Ethnic Minorities." China Quarterly 192 (December 2007): 933–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s030574100700210x.
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AbstractThis article looks into the process through which minority cultures and subjects are interpreted and defined by the cultural mainstream as inferior and less valuable for the modernization of China, and in consequent need of transformation, particularly through education. In dichotomizing advanced cultures vis-à-vis backward ones, this process has ethnicized minorities' differences. However, within the process itself are internal contradictions that render any attempt at actual education self-contradictory and ultimately unproductive. Using three sources of data – government policy, academic discourse and ethnographic fieldwork – the article provides corroborative evidence relating to the creation of particular images of minority cultures and subjects by the mainstream Han.
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Pifer, Michael. "The Diasporic Crane: Discursive Migration across the Armenian-Turkish Divide." Diaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies 18, no. 3 (September 2015): 229–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/diaspora.18.3.229.
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Despite the fact that rubrics for reading national and “world” literatures through comparative optics have grown increasingly sophisticated over the last decade, the problem of how to theorize cross-cultural and literary interaction still plays a critical role in debates on global connectivity. This article suggests an approach for reading cross-cultural interaction across literary systems and musical cultures by tracing the migration of discourses beyond their supposedly native origins. It therefore examines how a popular discourse about a well-traveled bird, the crane, itself migrated across Arabic, Punjabi, and Turkish literary cultures, a process that in part enabled Armenian intellectuals to configure the wandering crane into the predominant symbol of the Armenian diaspora during the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. Consequently, in mapping the non-linear flight of “cranes” as a symbol of dispersion between Armenian and Turkish literary and musical cultures in particular, this article argues the need to complicate simple un-and bidirectional models for understanding cross-cultural exchange. Instead, it suggests that we ought to give more attention to specifying multiple forms of transmission—such as the interplay between manuscript, oral, and print cultures—in the study of semiotic ties between different peoples, even across far-flung geographic regions.
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Dytynyshyn, Nancy, and Laura Collins. "Culture and Interculturality in the Adult ESL Context in Urban Quebec: A Case Study." TESL Canada Journal 30, no. 1 (February 17, 2013): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.18806/tesl.v30i1.1125.
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This article examines the treatment of culture and the development of intercul- turality in the transcripts of a complete 36-hour ESL course organized by a com- munity center in Montreal. The adult participants came from a variety of linguistic and cultural backgrounds. The adult second-language class has been identified as a potentially rich context for the development of interculturality due to direct contact between students from diverse cultures (Magos & Simopoulos, 2009). However, addressing areas of cultural misunderstandings (discursive fault lines, Menard-Warwick, 2009) may be essential in the process. The research ques- tions relate to the representation of Canadian culture, how the teacher views and approaches cultural issues, and any evidence that this approach promotes inter- cultural competence. Results show Canada represented as a culturally diverse community with French Canadian culture minimally represented. The teacher emphasized cultural adaptation and commonality of students’ experience across cultures. She did not address discursive fault lines in whole-class contexts, but was able to capitalize on the contact between her multiethnic learners to facilitate intercultural communication and the development of relationships of trust with those normally seen as “other.” There was insufficient evidence to conclude that her approach promoted interculturality, but we argue that it did provide key ele- ments from which interculturality may develop.Dans cet article, nous nous penchons sur le traitement de la culture et le développement de l’interculturalité dans les transcriptions découlant d’un cours complet d’ALS d’une durée de 36 heures et organisé par un centre communautaire à Montréal. Les antécédents linguistiques et culturels des participants adultes étaient variés. On avait identifié le cours d’ALS comme un contexte qui pourrait s’avérer fertile pour le développement de l’interculturalité en raison du contact direct entre les étudiants provenant de diverses cultures (Magos & Simopoulos, 2009). Toutefois, il pourrait être essentiel d’aborder des domaines d’incompréhen- sion culturelle (failles discursives, Menard-Warwick, 2009) pendant le processus. La recherche porte sur la représentation de la culture canadienne, les opinions et l’approche des enseignants relatives aux enjeux culturels, et toute indication que cette approche promeut la compétence interculturelle. Les résultats démontrent un Canada représenté comme une communauté caractérisée par une diversité culturelle et dans lequel la culture canadienne française est à peine évoquée. L’en- seignant a souligné l’adaptation culturelle et les points communs dans les ex- périences des étudiants de différentes cultures. Elle n’a pas traité de failles discursives devant toute la classe, mais a pu tirer profit du contact entre les apprenants multiethniques pour faciliter la communication interculturelle et le développement de relations de confiance avec ceux habituellement perçus comme « l’autre ». Alors qu’il n’y avait pas suffisamment d’indications que son approche promouvait l’interculturalité, nous affirmons que celle-ci offrait les éléments clés à partir desquels l’interculturalité peut se développer.
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Sharma, Pradeep K., and Mohammad Albarakati. "Euphemism and Hegemony: Discursive Power of Communication across Cultures." English Linguistics Research 8, no. 1 (March 31, 2019): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/elr.v8n1p55.
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The socio-political manipulation of euphemisms across cultures as alternate metaphors with ideological force has been analyzed in the present paper. The study was inspired by George Orwell's treatment of euphemisms as ideological tools for hedging, Lakoff and Johnson's idea of metaphors as elements structuring human thought and Roman Jakobson's model to study metaphor and metonymy as instances of romantic and realistic tendencies respectively in the user, and ordering of human behavior accordingly. A close analysis of the employment of euphemisms in differing social set-ups suggests that some euphemisms reveal a hegemonic impulse behind their usage, while a different category of euphemisms behave as counter-balancing force against this hegemonic impulse exerting dominance in a community. To comprehend the significance of this distinction better, the researchers suggest that in the existing categorization of euphemisms, two new categories – hegemonic euphemisms and resistance euphemisms – may be added. Further investigation into the cultural function of euphemisms reveals that euphemisms function as signs of signs, therefore, meaningless words. The study concludes that such a usage of euphemisms is problematic since euphemistic expressions are capable of reducing (unwanted or undesirable) meaning as redundant, superfluous, and ineffectual to rouse human conscience. Keywords: euphemisms; cultural hegemony; cultural capital; symbolic power
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Fisher, K. "Locating Frames in the Discursive Universe." Sociological Research Online 2, no. 3 (September 1997): 88–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.5153/sro.78.
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Scholars from a range of disciplines use the term ‘frame’ to mean a variety of disjointed and incompatible concepts. This paper examines a range of framing literature, from the writings of authors including Erving Goffman, Tuen van Dijk, Serge Moscovici, George Lakoff, Alan Johnson, William Gamson, David Snow, Robert Benford and Paolo Donati. Then it develops the theoretical case for defining frames as semi-structured elements of discourse which people use to make sense of information they encounter. Additionally, this paper demonstrates the need to include social system frames, which provide patterns for understanding social relations, among the presently acknowledged frame types. Frames develop in parallel with language, vary across cultures, and shape, but are distinct from other extra-linguistic discourse forms, including myths and ideologies.
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GARCIA, JAY. "Stuart Hall's Discursive Turn." Journal of American Studies 53, no. 2 (May 2019): 556–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002187581900029x.
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Recalling his work as cofounder and contributor toUniversities and Left Review, or the ULR group, in the lead-up to the founding of cultural studies during the 1950s, Stuart Hall noted that much of that work had to do with the United States. “In geopolitical terms we were of course neutralists, hostile to the politics emanating from the State Department in Washington,” Hall wrote, “but culturally we were nonetheless attracted by the vitality of American popular life, indeed to the domain of mass culture itself.” If the ULR group and similar collectives shared an “anxiety about the stupendous power of the booming consumer capitalism of post-war America,” they were also united by an appreciation for the ways the “vitality and raucousness of American culture certainly loosened England's tight-lipped, hierarchical class cultures and carried inside it possibilities – or the collective dream? – for a better future, which we felt was a serious political loss to deny.” Not unrelatedly, by the 1960s and 1970s, cultural studies and certain quarters of American intellectual life were proceeding along comparable tracks. Many American scholars and at least some working in cultural studies moved toward social history that emphasized the “hidden experiences of subordinated groups and classes.” Undertaken in concert with the new social movements of the 1960s and 1970s, this version of social history would ramify widely, furnishing the very questions and analytic habits of many fields, not least American studies.
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Bilá, Magdaléna, and Svetlana V. Ivanova. "Language, culture and ideology in discursive practices." Russian Journal of Linguistics 24, no. 2 (December 15, 2020): 219–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2687-0088-2020-24-2-219-252.
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Discursive practices are looked upon as the core notion of discourse theory and the main instrument linguists can operate with studying language in connection with society and a human being. In this introductory article we will look into how language, culture and ideology are intertwined in diverse discursive practices and how these practices are shaped by people representing various cultures, ideologies and social entities. As part of linguistic discourse theory, we will briefly outline the major objectives and tenets of discourse theory or discourse analysis and track down the reasons why discourse theory turned into a dominant linguistic paradigm in the new millennium. Besides, some light will be thrown on the advancements and debatable questions arising within discourse theory as reflected in its methodology. Then we will give a brief synopsis of each individual paper and highlight theoretical and methodological contributions and innovations proposed by our authors. The results of the discussion as well as a brief outlook on future research will be summed up at the end of the introductory article.
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Eslami, Zohreh R., Tatiana Viktorovna Larina, and Roya Pashmforoosh. "Identity, politeness and discursive practices in a changing world." Russian Journal of Linguistics 27, no. 1 (December 15, 2023): 7–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2687-0088-34051.
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This special issue continues the discussion of the impact of culture on identity, communication, politeness, and discourse strategies (see Russian Journal of Linguistics 22 (4) 2018, 23 (4) 2019, 24 (2) 2020). The topic has become particularly relevant in the context of two multidirectional processes, i.e., globalization resulting from current geopolitical trends and technological advancements, which have encouraged the intensification of contacts between people, languages, and cultures; and deglobalization focused on the preservation of national cultures and development of a multipolar and multicultural world. In our introductory article, we attempt to trace the impact of communication technologies, language, and culture contacts on digital, face-to-face, and public communication in different settings and discourses and outline its influence on communication, language variation, and change. In this introductory article we present a summary of the contributions of our authors to the issue, which showed that the implications of globalization and language contact are multifaceted, they can have both positive and negative effects on language use, maintenance, and change, as well as on cultural identity and diversity. Pursuing these latter factors contributes to developing trends of deglobalization. Our authors invite the reader to reflect on these processes. In conclusion, we sum up their major findings and suggest a brief avenue for further research.
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Ponton, Douglas, Vladimir Ozyumenko, and Tatiana Larina. "Lingua-Cultural Identity in Translation: 'We' vs 'I' Cultures." Journal of Language and Education 9, no. 4 (December 30, 2023): 73–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/jle.2023.17832.
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Introduction: The influence of culture on translation has been a prominent feature of translation studies in recent decades. The place of cultural knowledge in the formation and development of a translator’s cultural competence, however, remains debatable. This paper argues that, in addition to general knowledge of a target culture (history, geography, literature, traditions, artefacts, etc.), it is crucial to be aware of the most important components of its deep culture, i.e., its social organization and worldview, which in turn have a major impact on identity. The study further develops the notion of I-culture vs We-culture and their respective identities. We suggest that an awareness of such cultural factors should form part of translators’ essential knowledge about language and their professional training.
Purpose: The study aims to reveal linguistic and discursive manifestations of lingua-cultural identity in translating a Russian text into English. We explore nuances in the use of the pronouns we, our vs. I, my as well as some other markers of we-identity vs I-identity in the original Russian text of Vladimir Putin’s speech at the Valday discussion club meeting (2021), and how these were translated into English in the translation text.
Method: Selection of a text containing sufficient examples; close reading to identify lexico-grammatical features; comparison of source text and translation; analysis of examples; drawing conclusions. The texts were subjected to contrastive lexico-grammatical, pragmatic, and discourse analysis. Sociolinguistic and cultural studies were used to interpret the results.
Results: The findings suggest that a Russian text could express a more collective mindset than its English translation, which shows traces of what may appear a more personal/subjective focus. The study highlights the role of deep culture in discursive practices and demonstrates the relevance and effectiveness of an interdisciplinary approach to translation studies.
Conclusion: The study confirms the fact that manifestation of lingua-cultural identity can be observed at all levels of language, as well as in communicative strategies, and discursive practices. The task of how to accurately render these nuances in translation is a taxing one that requires a comprehensive understanding of the role of deep culture in discursive practices.
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Eke, Joseph N. "Skopos translation theory, text-types, and the African postcolonial text in intercultural postcolonial communication." Babel. Revue internationale de la traduction / International Journal of Translation 62, no. 3 (November 21, 2016): 349–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/babel.62.3.01eke.
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The Postcolonial text is a political and ideological text that is differentiable in translation. This is because of its location in the dialogic and discursive communicative exchange between former coloniser and former colonised cultures and societies. This communicative exchange takes place in the situation and condition of asymmetrical relations and relations of inequality and involves the contestation of histories, cultures, meanings, identities and representations. The functionality of the postcolonial text with its message is fixated on this dialogue and discourse; and each postcolonial text is a single statement directly and specifically responding to this dialogue and discourse in some way. This paper examines the African postcolonial text* and its communicative location in the light of postcolonial theory and the possibility offered by the skopos functional theory in translation to set aside the purpose and function of the source text intended by the author. Using Chinua Achebe’s texts, It would conclude that the mediatory role of the translator in the dialogic and discursive exchange between former coloniser and former colonised cultures and societies need not become interference in the application of the skopos theory.
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Sanhaji, Mounir. "Imaginative World Cup: The Discursive Construction of the Arab Community." Economics, Politics and Regional Development 4, no. 1 (May 4, 2023): p1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/eprd.v4n1p1.
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The utility of cultural encounters acquires a meaning that contributes to the understanding of the significance of cultural differences. The attempt to know certain people with their cultural specificities spares the embarrassment of misunderstanding cultural contexts whose topicality stems from the cultures and geographies of others. For the sake of achieving ideological purposes, however, textual and cultural encounters become a double-edged sword that works in complicity to produce different perceptions and value judgments about peoples and cultures. This situation is emblematic of Qatar’s hosting of the World Cup 2022, where the negation of the Arab land preoccupies different western voices that determine the process of constructing imaginative Arab space to draw a kind of exoticism to such a worldwide event. This imaginative space has become a western product that measures the mechanisms of understanding and constructing the Arabs. The effect of cultural encounters, in this regard, plays a vital role in determining one’s difference and undertaking an investigation of this western representation that is intervened by the presence of Western fans in Qatar to give it new dimensions and meanings from different positionalities.
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Prado, José Luiz Aidar. "Programas cognitivos e passionalização do consumo nos media e na publicidade." Comunicação Mídia e Consumo 5, no. 14 (September 2, 2009): 87–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.18568/cmc.v5i14.138.
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Resumo
As sociedades do capitalismo globalizado, cuja lógica cultural é o multiculturalismo (como programa de equivalência das culturas) faz empuxo para a individualização. Ser um indivíduo implica pertencer a um grupo, que, por sua vez, pede ao sujeito diferenciação; por outro lado, o grupo impõe, dentro de um campo de conflitos discursivos, um empuxo
pela equivalência. Coloca-se aí um jogo entre equivalências e diferenças, sem que autoridades tradicionais possam criar consensos fortes. Tal autoridade se realiza erformativamente nesse campo discursivo conflitivo. O mercado, na época da cultura dos media e da publicidade, disciplina a busca dos indivíduos a partir das tecnologias discursivas, construídas com base em uma racionalidade estratégica, bombeando as
formas semânticas e pragmáticas da cultura. Trata-se, por um lado, de fornecer programas nos media, regados pelo imaginário da publicidade e do marketing, para guiar os indivíduos aos seus objetos de desejo. Por outro, é o sistema que busca tornar íntimas as buscas de dispositivos, tratamentos, substâncias, produtos, objetos carregados de atratores ao gozo de consumo. Tais programas constroem regimes de visibilidade em que certos itens são tornados positivos (euforizados) e podem vir às cenas nos media com seus modos de usar e suas receitas de vida boa, enquanto outros são disforizados e relegados ao ostracismo. O empuxo
ao consumo é uma forma de modalizar a busca por essa individuação privilegiada a partir de uma apresentação passionalizada de valores, ligados a marcadores culturais.
Palavras-chave: Programas cognitivos dos media; capitalismo globalizado; individualização; mapas cognitivos; consumo; publicidade.
Resumen
Las sociedades del capitalismo globalizado, cuya lógica cultural es el multiculturalismo (como programa de equivalencia de las culturas), hacen empuje para la individualización. Ser un individuo implica pertenecer
a un grupo, que, a su vez, pide diferenciación al sujeto, por otro lado, el grupo impone, dentro de un campo de conflictos discursivos, un empuje para la equivalencia. Se coloca ahí un juego entre equivalencias y diferencias, sin que autoridades tradicionales puedan crear consensos fuertes. Tal autoridad se realiza performativamente en ese campo discursivo
conflictivo. El mercado, en la época de la cultura de los medios de comunicación y de la publicidad, disciplina la busca de los individuos desde las tecnologías discursivas, construidas con base en una racionalidad estratégica, bombeando las formas semánticas y pragmáticas de la
cultura. Se trata, por un lado, de proveer programas en los medios de comunicación, regados por el imaginario de la publicidad y del marketing, para guiar a los individuos hacia sus objetos de deseo. Por otro lado, es el sistema que busca tornar íntimas las buscas de dispositivos, tratamientos,
substancias, productos, objetos cargados de atractores para el goce de consumo. Tales programas construyen regímenes de visibilidad en los que ciertos puntos son tornados positivos (euforizados) y pueden salir a escena en los medios con sus modos de usar y sus recetas de vida buena, mientras otros son disforizados y relegados al ostracismo. El empuje
al consumo es una forma de modalizar la busca por esa individuación privilegiada desde una presentación pasionalizada de valores, ligados a marcadores culturales.
Palabras-clave: Programas cognitivos de los medios de comunicación; capitalismo globalizado; individualización; mapas cognitivos; consumo; publicidad.
Abstract
The societies of globalized capitalism, whose cultural logic is multiculturalism (as culture equivalence program), sway toward individualism. To be an individual implies belonging to a group, which, in turn, requires differentiation of the individual; on the other hand, within a field of discursive conflicts, the group imposes a shift towards equivalence.
The brings about a play between equivalences and differences, with traditional authorities impotent to create strong consensuses. Such authority takes place performatively in this conflictive discursive field.
In this times of media cultures and advertising, the market disciplines the search of individuals based on discursive technologies, built from a strategic rationality, pumping the semantic and pragmatic forms of culture. On the one hand, this involves supplying programs through the media, permeated by the imaginary of advertising and marketing,
to the quest for devices, treatments, substances, products, objects loaded with attractors of consumption enjoyment (jouissance). These programs built regimes of visibility in which certain items are recipes for a good life, while others are cast down and relegated to ostracism. The sway toward consumption is a form of modalizing the search for this privileged insinuation based on passionalized presentation of values, connected to cultural markers.
Keywords: Cognitive programs of the media; globalized capitalism; individualization; cognitive maps; consumption; advertising.
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Henry, Jim. "Online Exclusive: Writing Workplace Cultures." College Composition & Communication 53, no. 2 (December 1, 2001): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.58680/ccc20011456.
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Globalization, or “fast” capitalism, has changed the workplace and writing in it dramatically. Composition epistemologies and practices, elaborated during the twentieth century in tandem with Taylorized workplace literacy requirements, fail to embrace the complexities of writerly sensibilities necessary to students entering the new workforce. To update these epistemologies and practices, MA students in professional writing were positioned as autoethnographers of workplace cultures, reporting to classmates on organizational structures and practices as they affected discursive products and processes. Their studies produced a database of petits recits on workplace cultures, and their work is analyzed for the ways in which it forecasts subjective work identities of writers in the years ahead. Implications are drawn for composition administration, curriculum design, course design, and collaborative work among academics and writers in private and public spheres.
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Spalding, Steven D. "Rail Networks, Mobility, and the Cultures of Cities." Transfers 4, no. 2 (June 1, 2014): 42–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/trans.2014.040204.
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Scholars writing about railway mobility have pointed to the rails' impact on the culture of cities, while urban theorists and critics have cited the crucial importance of movement and mobility to how cities are lived. A truly interdisciplinary approach, which balances the priorities of mobility studies and urban studies, and informs itself through compelling cultural artifacts (including visual, literary, or other media) offers insight into the processes of urban cultural production and their close link to the discursive valences of urban rail mobility.
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Nash, Nick, Lorraine Whitmarsh, Stuart Capstick, Valdiney Gouveia, Rafaella de Carvalho Rodrigues Araújo, Monika dos Santos, Romeo Palakatsela, Yuebai Liu, Marie K. Harder, and Xiao Wang. "Local climate change cultures: climate-relevant discursive practices in three emerging economies." Climatic Change 163, no. 1 (July 9, 2019): 63–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-019-02477-8.
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AbstractIn recent decades, greater acknowledgement has been given to climate change as a cultural phenomenon. This paper takes a cultural lens to the topic of climate change, in which climate-relevant understandings are grounded in wider cultural, political and material contexts. We approach climate-relevant accounts at the level of the everyday, understood as a theoretically problematic and politically contested space This is in contrast to simply being the backdrop to mundane, repetitive actions contributing to environmental degradation and the site of mitigative actions. Taking discourse as a form of practice in which fragments of cultural knowledge are drawn on to construct our environmental problems, we investigate citizens’ accounts of climate-relevant issues in three culturally diverse emerging economies: Brazil, South Africa and China. These settings are important because greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are predicted to significantly increase in these countries in the future. We conducted semi-structured interviews with a range of citizens in each country using a narrative approach to contextualise climate-relevant issues as part of people’s lifestyle narratives. Participants overwhelmingly framed their accounts in the context of locally-salient issues, and few accounts explicitly referred to the phenomenon of climate change. Instead, elements of climate changes were conflated with other environmental issues and related to a wide range of cultural assumptions that influenced understandings and implied particular ways of responding to environmental problems. We conclude that climate change scholars should address locally relevant understandings and develop dialogues that can wider meanings that construct climate-relevant issues in vernacular ways at the local level.
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Shorkin, Alex D. "The thinning physicality of an artifact." Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies 37, no. 2 (2021): 322–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu17.2021.211.
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The article compares two versions of the development of cultural studies. In the first (wide) version, culture is traditionally understood as the whole artificially created “second nature”. According to the second, currently prevailing narrow version, the subject of cultural studies is the mental (ideational) aspects of cultures; the physicality of artifacts is supplanted to the periphery of research. A narrow interpretation of culture leads to a number of conceptual flaws and thematic gaps. The prospects of cultural studies are seen by the author in the advantages of a broad interpretation of culture. A model of the morphology of culture is proposed, which includes the frontier, discursive practices, and core values. Three types of artifacts form the frontier of culture on its border with the external environment (nature and other cultures): artificial things, modified organisms and social institutions. The nomenclature of discursive practices that make it possible to build a frontier includes knowledge, technology, and norms. Their historical and cultural configurations undergo significant metamorphoses. A special function of intergenerational translation of cultural achievements is performed by enculturation technologies. The values of cultures are presented, first of all, by symbols. In addition, they are transferred and rebuilt by simulacra, which are capable of performing both destructive and creative functions. Symbols promote following traditions and, simulacra — enriching or changing them. Symbols and simulacra direct the dynamics of cultures. To describe the dynamics of cultures, it is advisable to use the synergistic concept of persistent and transmutation attractors. In persistent attractors, cultures are delicately adapted to external challenges they are accustomed to. A drastic change in challenges pushes culture into one of two transmutation attractors, where it either perishes or gets a chance to become a civilization.
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Sevilla, Maria Paola, and Francisca Carvajal. "“Mujeres en terrenos de hombres”: Discursos de género en escuelas secundarias técnico-profesionales." education policy analysis archives 28 (August 10, 2020): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.14507/epaa.28.4631.
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In secondary vocational technical education (VET) there is a strong gender segmentation between different fields of study linked to different status and salaries. In particular, women are a minority in trade schools in which the structures and cultures reinforce the masculine image of the professions. Based on 19 interviews conducted in six schools from three regions of Chile, this article analyzes the principal and teacher discourses displayed in these environments. We identified three discursive positions according to the approach of the students' gender: (1) invisible gender, as considering gender as not proper category to address school issues, (2) binary positions gender, that naturalizes and acclaim traditional roles distinguished by biological sex, (3) gender visible at outside, that shows inequities between men and women but in the labor market. The article concludes that the three discursive positions by making invisible, normalizing or situating gender inequalities outside the school space, neglect teacher positions of responsibility and agency to transform school cultures and structures in schools that perpetuate the sexual division of work.
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Setiawan, Ikwan, Albert Tallapessy, and Andang Subaharianto. "Neo-Exoticism Discourses in Indonesian Online Media: Normalizing Cultural Tourism Regime amid Market Economy." Jurnal Humaniora 35, no. 1 (October 19, 2023): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jh.78345.
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This article explores the construction of neo-exoticism discourses in Indonesian online news media. Drawing on online news media research, we show how the transformation of ethnic cultures in Banyuwangi, East Java, Indonesia were positioned as the basis of various tourism events using the representation theory with the discursive constructionist approach. We focus on how some Indonesian online news media reported and positioned Banyuwangi Festival through quotations of government’s official’s statements and descriptions of cultural events that emphasize the transformation of ethnic cultures to meet national and global tourism markets. In doing so, Indonesian online news media actively produced, promoted, and distributed discourses of neo exoticism by emphasizing the beauty of certain of traditional rites, fashions, and arts in various carnivals and festivals. In addition, the media constructed neo-exoticism discourses as a formulas to popularize cultural and touristic events which proved to be beneficial, economically, for local people. However, we argue that broadcasting neo-exotic narratives also created online news media discursive subjects that normalize tourism regimes as managed by the cooperation of government and investors.
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Kharoua, Mustapha. "“EPISTEMICIDE” AND “MEMORICIDE”, LEGALIZED DESTRUCTION IN THE ARAB/MUSLIM WORLD." Isagoge - Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 3, no. 1 (May 1, 2023): 199–218. http://dx.doi.org/10.59079/isagoge.v3i1.176.
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This article is a contribution to Postcolonial Trauma Studies. It aims to examine the ways in which Arab cultures bear the lasting aftereffects of the loss of al-Andalus that took place in 1492. Its focus is especially on the ramifications of such a key juncture in history that has enduringly contributed to the legitimation of the destruction of the Arab/Muslim cultures’ heritage. Western-centric knowledge came to license violence based on the demonization of the Other’s ways of knowing. Based on a postcolonial rethinking of trauma, the Arab cultures bear witness to the existence of the same discursive frameworks that made the destruction of the cultural heritage of al-Andalus possible.
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Beccari, Marcos Namba. "VISUALIDADE E POLÍTICA A PARTIR DE FOUCAULT / Visuality and politics from Foucault." arte e ensaios 26, no. 40 (December 2, 2020): 283–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.37235/ae.n40.19.
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O artigo delineia algumas coordenadas, a partir de Foucault, para o estudo da relação entre visualidade e política. Embora Foucault não tenha dedicado nenhum estudo a este respeito, é notável a sua influência em alguns dos autores envolvidos nos chamados estudos em cultura visual. Pressupõe-se, aqui, que as culturas visuais são indissociáveis de uma esfera político-discursiva que torna possível a visualidade. Esta, por sua vez, é encarada como um campo de batalha no qual a verdade é disputada. Sob esse prisma, são pontuadas as seguintes coordenadas: política como agonismo, exterioridade constitutiva, verdade como organização do olhar, arqueologia e genealogia da visualidade.Palavras-chave: Foucault; Visualidade; Política; Discurso.AbstractThis paper outlines some coordinates, from Foucault, for the study of the relationship between visuality and politics. Although Foucault has not dedicated any work about this, his influence on some of the authors involved in so-called studies in visual culture is remarkable. Here, it is assumed that visual cultures are inseparable from a political-discursive sphere that makes visuality possible. Visuality, in turn, is defined as a battlefield in which the truth is disputed. Under this bias, the following coordinates are highlighted: politics as agonism, constitutive exteriority, truth as the organization of the gaze, archeology and genealogy of visuality.Keywords: Foucault; Visuality; Politics; Discourse.
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Kastberg, Peter, and Hanne Tange. "Discursive Constructions of International Education: How University Lecturers ’Talk’ about International Students." HERMES - Journal of Language and Communication in Business 27, no. 53 (December 2, 2014): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/hjlcb.v27i53.20949.
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<p align="LEFT">There is seemingly no end to the difficulties that can arise in the international classroom. Stories abound about issues such as silence, students’ reticence, learner autonomy (or lack thereof), which seem to suggest an unsuccessful transfer of academic knowledge and skills across tasks, contexts and cultures. The current paper will neither offer another problem for us to ponder, nor another solution to the proverbial us-them divide. Instead we shall explore the possible frames of reference that underpin this appreciation of ’the problematic Other‘ in the international classroom. Our central argument is that ‘the problematic Other‘ in international education, here personified by international exchange students, is discursively constructed by university lecturers and students. Among the discursive constructions we see as particularly problematic are those of knowledge ‘transfer’ and ’gap‘ which are consequently examined and deconstructed as part of our discussion. Instead we propose that the new discursive constructions of knowledge ’transformation‘ and ’asymmetry‘ be used. Our initial presuppositions concerning ’discourses of deficit‘ are tested in the analysis. Through an examination of qualitative research interviews with lecturers involved in international teaching, we demonstrate how the problematic discursive constructions of ’gap‘ and ’transfer‘ can be found in the way lecturers talk about their students, but also how at least some respondents embrace the more inclusive idea of transformation. This leads to a concluding discussion in which we suggest that a change in the way we talk and write about international education and students can result in a heightened sensitivity when it comes to understanding and appreciating the practices of ‘the problematic Other’.</p>
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Ştefănescu , Bogdan. "The Discourse of Counter-modernization. Constantin Noica’s Reactive National Identity Construction." University of Bucharest Review Literary and Cultural Studies Series 12, no. 2 (November 20, 2022): 123–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.31178/ubr.12.2.9.
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"Nationalist philosopher Constantin Noica (1909-1987), like many other public intellectuals in Romania, felt that modernization and modern civilization were traumatic to his culture. In this article, I mean to address the discursive templates he used to formulate his version of a traumatized Romanian identity. These templates are structured by master tropes (cf. Kenneth Bur e’s “Appendix” to A Grammar of Motives and Hayden White’s “Introduction” to Metahistory) and are ideologically charged. Relying on suggestions from François Hartog (The Mirror of Herodotus) and from Ruth Wodak et al. (The Discursive Construction of National Identity), I propose alternative master tropes which are generally used in shaping national identities, as well as in dealing with the particular situation of cultures that feel threatened and traumatized by modernization. "
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Segovia, Raquel. "Transfer phenomena and intercultural movements of texts." Journal of Intercultural Communication 9, no. 1 (March 10, 2009): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.36923/jicc.v9i1.475.
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The complexity of contemporary international communication requires an analysis of the transfer phenomena occurring within it. This paper addresses the subject from the perspective of cultural approaches to translation by adopting the concept modes of discursive transfer, which refers to any form of text processing that can be produced within and/or across cultures and media (translation, summary, adaptation for children, comic strip or film, etc.). To illustrate the transformations that textual material can undergo, I draw on the well-known example of Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone and its discursive multiplication within the book industry. Focusing more specifically on cover illustrations and plot summary, I adopt a cross-cultural perspective and present a comparison and contrast of the English, US, and Spanish editions.
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Rošker, Jana S. "Intercultural Methodology in Sinology: Transculturality, Textual Criticism and Discursive Translations." AUC PHILOLOGICA 2021, no. 3 (February 15, 2022): 135–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.14712/24646830.2022.7.
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For Western researchers, the understanding of Chinese culture is conditioned by differences in language, tradition, history and socialization. The interpretation of various aspects and elements of different cultures is always connected to the geographic, political and economic positions of the interpreter as well as the object of interpretation. In Western research on China, the non-reflected use of theoretical analyses that are in themselves results of specific (Western) historical processes and the related structure of societies, often proves to be a dangerous and misleading mechanism. A fundamental premise of the present paper is that Western epistemology represents only one of many different models of human comprehension of reality. On this basis, it questions traditional intercultural methodologies hitherto applied in Sinology and Chinese studies. The article presents the main methodological paradigms of a transculturally aware research that could improve the understanding of general principles underlying the particular research questions and objects under investigation.
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Alonso González, Pablo, and Eva Parga-Dans. "Furanchos and adegas: exploring symmetry through wine cultures in Galicia and Alentejo." cultural geographies 24, no. 4 (July 25, 2017): 639–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1474474017719070.
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This textual and visual piece exceeds the traditional paper form to explore popular winemaking and drinking cultures in Galicia and Alentejo. It does not illustrate our fieldwork, but evocates alternative geographies of production and consumption that coexist with the standard commercial and legal wine market. In our quotidian learning by doing and living, we understand symmetrically the cultures we are part of, and by extension our practice of cultural geography. Through a combination of documentary and ethnographic approaches, we reveal geographies of practice that enact diverse forms of being together at the verge of disappearance. Symmetry eventually emerged, but only as the practice of research, not as a discursive rhetoric nor as an alternative form of representation.
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García-Gómez, Antonio. "Discursive representation of masculinity and femininity in Tinder and Grindr: Hegemonic masculinity, feminine devaluation and femmephobia." Discourse & Society 31, no. 4 (February 5, 2020): 390–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957926520903523.
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By analysing 200 Tinder profiles of Spanish heterosexual men and 200 Grindr profiles of Spanish queer men, this article examines these men’s online gendered and sexualised self-representation strategies. More specifically, the study develops a discourse and feminist analysis of post-feminist media cultures which contrasts these men’s discursive representations. In so doing, the article attempts to cast light on the (d-)evaluating discursive strategies these Spanish heterosexual and queer men deploy when creating their profiles. Importantly, the analysis gives evidence of how occupying the masculine or the feminine position goes hand in hand with the devaluation and policing of femininity. Furthermore, the analysis calls attention to the contradictory gender ideas present in their personal profiles and this, in turn, sheds further light on the ways they construct multiple masculine identities to negotiate their sexual gendered identities.
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Borhan, Abbasali, and Alireza Anushiravani. "Third-Space Encounters and Unexpected Forms of Resistance in Amy Tan's The Joy Luck Club." International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences 69 (May 2016): 107–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilshs.69.107.
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This paper sets out to investigate Amy Tan'sThe Joy Luck Club, a liminal work written in-between cultures, in the light of Homi Bhabha’s concept of the third space as a site of transformation and transvaluation. It is argued that Tan’s novel is implicated in unexpected forms of resistance as a result of its placement in the borderland of cultures. Thus, exploring the discursive fissures and ideological ruptures inscribed in the novel, the authors seek to bring to fore how the very mainstream accounts of Chinese culture and orientalist archive of knowledge in which the work is embedded are contested in the third-space enounters between subjects of different cultures. Orientalism, Western feminism, American Dream, and multiculturalism are some of the major discourses whose truthfulness and serenity are shown to be precarious and open to questioning, hence the recuperation of the subaltern’s voice through this contrapuntal reading.
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Mukhametkaliyeva, Sania, Zhanat Smankulova, Khalima Kidirbayeva, Nurgul Ismagulova, and Zhanat Bissenbayeva. "Discursive strategies of using numerological expressions and paroemias." XLinguae 15, no. 4 (October 2022): 129–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.18355/xl.2022.15.04.12.
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Modern sciences widely use comparative methods in the study of phraseological and paremiological backgrounds based on different systems of languages. Studies identify what is common and characteristic of the analyzed linguistic units and highlight what is characteristic only of a certain language. The universal category of quantity and the concept of number closely related to it arose from the earliest stages of the development of human thought. In addition to a logical and rational way of knowing the surrounding reality, they reflect people's faith in the mystical essence of numbers and their magical power. This irrational belief is inherent in all cultural traditions, without exception. The two ways of perceiving and knowing the surrounding reality coexist and are realized in human language. The linguistic expression of the numerical models accompanying a person in his historical development is based on cognitive knowledge, which has many universal characteristics. The purpose of the work is to study the pragmatics of numerological units in language and the reflection of speech in speech due to many components of the lexico-semantic level and the level of speech acts. Achieving this goal is facilitated by solving the following tasks: 1) study of the characteristics and functioning of the number in various linguistic images of the world; 2) the study of the numerological aspect in phraseological units and paroemias to identify their national and cultural specificities; 3) consideration of the meaning of number symbolism and identification of cultural codes in phraseological units and paroemias of various cultures. The perspectives of this study are presented in another comparative analysis of the lexical (direct) and connotative meanings of linguistic units with a numerological component in other languages, as well as linguistic units that do not have a direct quantitative meaning but realize the quantitative significance in a pragmatic-discursive aspect. Such studies will contribute to a complete description of the world of numbers.
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Joseph, Aswathi Moncy. "<p><em>It’s Not About the Burqa</em>: Transversing Heterotopia and Hypomnemata in Muslim Women’s Life Narratives</p>." Intersectional Perspectives: Identity, Culture, and Society, no. 2 (January 10, 2023): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.18573/ipics.118.
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Muslim women who are forcibly displaced from their homophobic parent culture are further oppressed within the structures of Islamophobia in the host culture. Discursive re-imaginations based on their Islamic authenticity have skewed them as either veiled or unveiled women from other homogeneous ethnic cultures. Such cursory representations have cemented perceptions about them as outsiders and so a source of constant threat. Therefore, the main objective of this article is to aid discursive reconfigurations of partial representations affecting transculturally or forcibly displaced Muslim women at the intersections of racial, gender or religious persecutions.
Through a reading of the life-narratives by similarly displaced Muslim women in the anthology It’s Not About the Burqa, this article examines two key questions: 1) How do these women negate discursive conceptions of single stories? 2) How do they reach a unique discourse that addresses such partial representations? The article proposes heterotopia and hypomnemata as two transversal possibilities. Heterotopias are worlds within worlds which mirror what is outside. They can contain differences and undesirable bodies. Whereas hypomnemata refers to personal notes used for later reading and meditation. There has been little work bringing together the transcultural and the transversal. While the transcultural is a system of thought that conceives of cultures as an ongoing flux of confluences,[1] transversality endorses plural possibilities. It offers tools to deterritorialize closed logics.[2] This article therefore calls for revisiting the collaborative dynamics of these concepts as contested through the life-narratives of displaced Muslim women.
[1] Arianna Dagnino, ‘Manifesto for a Transcultural Humanism’, (2014) <https://blogs.ubc.ca/ariannadagnino/research/manifesto-for-a-transcultural-humanism>
[Accessed 27 May, 2022].
[2] Gary Genosko, Felix Guattari: An Aberrant Introduction (London: Continuum, 2002), p.55.
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Kocherov, Oleg Sergeevich. "Eternal return of the dragon: discursive power trap and decolonial critique of international relations theory." Мировая политика, no. 4 (April 2023): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8671.2023.4.69205.
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The paper explores discursive power and related concepts (institutional power, normative power, epistemic power) as an important part of contemporary PRC foreign strategy. As Westphalian identity carries certain risks for Beijing, China is actively trying to reconceptualize its identity through the development of epistemic power, its main manifestation being the emergence of the Chinese IR school. China’s two main strategies of interaction with the Western IR theory are (1) transcending its parochiality through inclusion of Chinese concepts and research methods and (2) creating radical alternatives to Western IR theory. At a more fundamental level of theorizing about non-Western IR, the former strategy is broadly aligned with the project of “global IR” and the latter with a decolonial/postcolonial approach to IR. Decolonial hermeneutics allows for revealing the main shortcomings of “global IR” and the underlying epistemic culture, as well as for examining problems that arise from China's accumulation of discursive power. Based on the analysis, we can conclude that there are three potential strategies of the PRC: Westphalian discursivity, Westphalian discursivity with Chinese characteristics, and critical discursivity. The first two strategies can potentially lead China into the trap of discursive power: trying to resist Western discursive aggression through accumulation of discursive power, Beijing begins to internalize power structures and narratives inherent in the Western political model or romanticize alternative systems for the reproduction of power in imperial China, hence reinforcing international suspicions regarding its true intentions and taking a less advantageous strategic position. The paper proposes a number of ways out of this trap (development of cooperation with countries of the global South, interaction with their epistemic cultures, critical rethinking of modern Chinese concepts of international relations).
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Harro-Loit, Halliki. "Revisiting National Journalism Cultures in Post-Communist Countries: The Influence of Academic Scholarship." Media and Communication 3, no. 4 (December 29, 2015): 5–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/mac.v3i4.387.
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The aim of this exploratory study is to develop the concept of the actor approach and journalism culture by adding a factor that has been more or less overlooked: academic scholarship. The paper also proposes to use the concept “discursive institutionalism” in order to clarify what knowledge and opinions about media are formed in the interaction of media institutions and academia with other institutions in society (e.g. educational, political and judicial). The concept “discursive institutionalism” includes the role of academia in providing new knowledge by conducting and disseminating research on the national and international levels, and this deserves greater attention. Although it is a common understanding that the role of academia is to prepare young professionals, it is less discussed how national media research and journalism education, in synergy, can create and maintain a collective understanding regarding the role and performance of national journalism in turbulent times. The paper is a meta-analysis of published research, and the empirical part of the study includes a close reading of academic articles, reports and conference presentations that are available in English about media in Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries. Examples of research from selected CEE countries provide a descriptive view of problems and tendencies concerning media performance in these countries. The proposed analytical approach aims to connect these problems and provide ideas for further research.
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Selfe, Melanie. "Circles, Columns and Screenings: Mapping the Institutional, Discursive, Physical and Gendered Spaces of Film Criticism in 1940s London." Journal of British Cinema and Television 9, no. 4 (October 2012): 588–611. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/jbctv.2012.0107.
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This article revisits the period considered within ‘The Quality Film Adventure: British Critics and the Cinema 1942–1948’ ( Ellis 1996 ), mapping the professional cultures, working contexts and industry relationships that underpinned the aesthetic judgements and collective directions which John Ellis observed within certain film critics’ published writings. Drawing on the records of the Critics’ Circle, Dilys Powell's papers and Kinematograph Weekly, it explores the evolution of increasingly organised professional cultures of film criticism and film publicity, arguing that the material conditions imposed by war caused tensions between them to escalate. In the context of two major challenges to critical integrity and practice – the evidence given by British producer R. J. Minney to the 1949 Royal Commission on the Press and an ongoing libel case between a BBC critic and MGM – the spaces of hospitality and film promotion became highly contested sites. This article focuses on the ways in which these spaces were characterised, used and policed. It finds that the value and purpose of press screenings were hotly disputed, and observes the way that the advancement of women within one sector (film criticism) but not the other (film publicity) created particular difficulties, as key female critics avoided the more compromised masculine spaces of publicity, making them harder for publicists to reach and fuelling trade resentment. More broadly, the article asserts the need to consider film critics as geographically and culturally located audiences who experience films as ‘professional’ viewers within extended and embodied cultures of habitual professional practice and physical space.
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Rossikhina, M. Yu, and I. I. Ikatova. "Politeness Theory: In Search of Effective Research Methodology in Western Sociopragmatics." NSU Vestnik. Series: Linguistics and Intercultural Communication 20, no. 1 (March 21, 2022): 6–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/1818-7935-2022-20-1-6-20.
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The present paper provides a review of the most discussed issues with regard to creating a universal formal approach to study the politeness theory. What we see now is the lack of a proper metalanguage, and proliferation of various theoretical approaches: the presentday terminology describing polite behavior is represented by a variety of concepts: ‘appropriateness’, ‘saving face’, ‘face constituting’, ‘rapport management’ etc. along with a great number of diverse discursive practices in different cultures makes it quite a challenge to provide a coherent overview of politeness strategies. However, despite considerable fragmentation in politeness theory research we can observe certain consistency in the chosen methods for the interpretation of empirical material and experimental data. Firstly, specialists avoid using the term ‘politeness’ in theoretical reasoning due to abundance of peripheral semantic components realized in the speech of language users from different cultures, and restrict its employment to the interviewing of respondents. To interpret certain behavior as (im)polite and analyze its perception, the impact of expectations and norms is increasingly taken into consideration. Although research of authentic verbal interaction based on discourse analysis is still quite common, a greater focus on paralinguistic aspects of communication can be predicted. Research findings in the politeness theory will be more and more applied to discursive practices to benefit the health and welfare of the society.
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Macpherson, Hannah. "The Intercorporeal Emergence of Landscape: Negotiating Sight, Blindness, and Ideas of Landscape in the British Countryside." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 41, no. 5 (May 2009): 1042–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a40365.
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In this paper I explore some of the ways in which people with visual impairments see landscape and participate in visual cultures of landscape apprehension. I draw on ethnographic and interview material, developed while acting as a sighted guide for specialist blind and visually impaired walking groups who visit the landscapes of the Lake District and Peak District in Britain. Through this research material I show how landscape is likely to become present for people with blindness or visual impairment through both their individual capacities for sight and a complex mix of discursive, material, social, and historical relations. Specifically, I argue that there is an intercorporeal, collective dimension to this emergence of landscape and this intercorporeality is evident at both a perceptual and a discursive level. I suggest that future research needs to attend further to how landscape emerges and becomes present through intercorporeal processes.
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Pihkala, Suvi, and Tuija Huuki. "How A Hashtag Matters – Crafting Response(-Abilities) through Research-Activism on Sexual Harassment in Pre-Teen Peer Cultures." Reconceptualizing Educational Research Methodology 10, no. 2-3 (December 30, 2019): 242–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.7577/rerm.3678.
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This paper examines what research with children can do and become when it intra-acts with a MeToo hashtag, creative methods, experiences of sexual harassment and the making and travelling of Valentine’s Day cards. The paper is grounded within a creative research-activist project, #MeToo Postscriptum, which aimed to address sexual harassment in pre-teen peer cultures. Analyzing the project, the paper explores how the idea of response-ability manifested in three space-times of the project, and how the material-discursive practices of the project reiteratively reconfigured the conditions of possibilities to respond, react, and act against abusive gendered and sexual child peer cultures. Mapping response-ability through our research endeavours helps theorize the contingent, complex, and entangled ways research-activist methodologies can activate change, enables us to envision response-able practices to counter sexual harassment in young peer cultures, and sensitizes us as scholars and educators to our responsibilities and accountabilities that become recrafted in response.
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Maras, Steven. "Cultures of accountability: On the intersection of accountability, media and popular reality." Australian Journalism Review 45, no. 1 (June 1, 2023): 51–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/ajr_00118_1.
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This article proposes the concept of ‘cultures of accountability’ as a way to think about the intersection between media, accountability and popular reality. Noting concerns regarding the emergence of accountability as a cultural keyword, I identify schisms in the deliberation of accountability between an ‘administrative’ and ‘redactive’ formation and explore their interaction and coexistence. Building a bridge between the public administration, journalism studies, media studies and cultural studies literatures, the article posits a more complicated picture of the operation of the ‘media’ in accountability debates and invites analysis and discussion of the communicative and discursive conditions of accountability. Journalistic discourse and practice forms not only a site of encounter between different cultures of accountability but also a forum for discussion of cultural expectations surrounding accountability. Critically revisiting the ‘watchdog’ conception of the news media, the article argues for approaches to journalism open to the yoking of public administration, media accountability and cultural studies approaches and greater awareness of different cultures of accountability.
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Fearon, James D., and David D. Laitin. "Violence and the Social Construction of Ethnic Identity." International Organization 54, no. 4 (2000): 845–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/002081800551398.
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We examine the theoretical implications of the observation that ethnic identities are socially constructed for explaining ethnic violence, distinguishing between two classes of mechanisms. If individuals are viewed as the agents who construct identities, then constructivist explanations for ethnic violence tend to merge with analyses that stress strategic action by both elites and mass publics. In contrast, if discursive formations are the agents that construct ethnic identities, then constructivist explanations tend to merge with accounts that stress internal logics of specific cultures. Using the books under review as a “sample,” we find considerable evidence linking strategic aspects of ethnic identity construction to violence and more limited evidence implicating discursive systems. The most common narrative in these texts has largescale ethnic violence provoked by elites, often motivated by intra-ethnic conflicts. Followers follow, despite the costs, out of increased fear of thugs and armies “let go” by elites (both the other side's and their “own”) and often in pursuit of local grievances that may have little ethnic component. Several other mechanisms are also discussed, including the role of discursive systems in conditioning publics for violence and the role of violent efforts to enforce “everyday primordialism” by policing supposedly primordial ethnic boundaries.
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Kusse, Holger. "Lingwistyka kulturowa i kulturoznawcza. Od Humboldta do dyskursu." tekst i dyskurs - text und diskurs, no. 13 (2020) (December 30, 2020): 149–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.7311/tid.13.2020.08.
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The combination of linguistics and cultural analysis leads back to Wilhelm von Humboldt’s concept of linguistic worldview. In it, a direct connection between thinking and speaking (in a particular ethnic or national language) is presupposed, thus implying the influence of languages on cultures. In contrast to this postulate of the unity of languages and cultures, discourse-sensitive linguistics shows the diversity of varieties within ethno- or national-language-demarcated cultures. Linguistics in cultural studies thus escapes the danger of hypostasis of languages and cultures and methodologically becomes an integrative linguistics in which systemic, pragma- and sociolinguistic methods can be incorporated. Discourse-sensitive cultural linguistics analyzes cultures according to thematic and, above all, institutional discourses (of politics, religion, law, economics, science, etc.) and examines language use down to the level of individual utterances and their linguistic microstructures within the framework of these discursive macro levels. Another type is perlocutionary discourses which almost exclusively aim at the effect of communicative actions: advertising, propaganda, scandalous discourses etc. Discourse types are shown by Russian examples, especially the Russian national hymn, the provocative performances of the group Pussy Riot as an example of scandalous discourses, and state patriotic education as an example of propaganda discourses.
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Orlov, M. O. "Intercultural Discursive Strategy: Socio-Philosophical Analysis of Interaction between Russia and China." Izvestiya of Saratov University. Philosophy. Psychology. Pedagogy 13, no. 2 (2013): 46–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/1819-7671-2013-13-2-46-50.
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One of the major challenges of our time is to create a new conceptual framework for implementation, interpretation and prediction of interaction between Russia and China in the area of contemporary intercultural discourse. The choice of strategies of intercultural interaction of Russian and Chinese culture bearers is objectively defined by culture coordinate system in the range of the implementation of management strategies. Examining Russian and Chinese interaction experience creates science base necessary for analyzing and forecasting the processes of successful international dialogue. Insurance of effective solution to the problems is creation of educational, intercultural and media environment. Modern social conditions lead to forming new discursive principles of interaction at the nationwide level, which is related to controversial social, political and economic processes demanding both accurate understanding and searching for suitable communication practices. Humanitarian science faces new challenges being posed by enormous influence of the world globalization processes on local cultures as well as on each individual’s behavioral pattern and world view.
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Des Rochers, Arianne. "Lorsque la traduction sert de frontière entre deux cultures : une analyse traductologique de la voix-over dans la version anglaise de Léolo." TranscUlturAl: A Journal of Translation and Cultural Studies 5, no. 1-2 (March 25, 2014): 181. http://dx.doi.org/10.21992/t90s53.
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La traduction de films peut en dire long sur les relations entre deux cultures, ce qui en fait un sujet d'étude des plus fascinants. En tant qu'espace de pratique discursive, les films et autres produits audiovisuels et leur traduction jouent effectivement un rôle important dans l'articulation de concepts culturels, comme, par exemple, la féminité, la masculinité et l'altérité (Díaz Cintas 281). Un cas de figure intéressant en traduction audiovisuelle est le film québécois Léolo, qui constitue l'un des rares exemples où un produit cinématographique est adapté vers l'anglais - donc, d'une communauté périphérique vers une culture dominante. Cet article analyse le rôle de la voix-over dans Léolo et son doublage en version anglaise et propose une interprétation idéologique de l'adaptation en tenant compte de son contexte sociopolitique.
La notion de voix-over telle que conceptualisée en études cinématographiques ainsi que quelques précisions terminologiques sur cette même notion en traductologie mènent ainsi à une analyse idéologique et culturelle de l'accent en traduction audiovisuelle. Cet article suggère que la traduction, au lieu de construire des ponts entre les cultures, sert parfois de frontière entre celles-ci. En effet, un contexte sociopolitique donné a d'importants impacts, directs ou indirects, sur les choix et stratégies de traduction de produits culturels. Dans le cas précis de Léolo, cet article conclue que la traduction joue un rôle dans la construction d'identités distinctes et dans la formation d'une frontière entre ces dernières.
Translated movies can say a lot about the relationships between two cultures, which makes audiovisual translation a fascinating area of research in Translation Studies. As Jorge Díaz Cintas puts it, «[a]s a site of discursive practice, audiovisual media and its translation play a special role in the articulation of cultural concepts such as femeninity, masculinity and Otherness, among others.» (Díaz Cintas 281) One interesting case study is the movie Léolo, from Québec, which is one of the few movies that was translated into English - that is, from a peripheral community to a dominant culture. This paper analyses the role of voice-over in Léolo as well as its dubbing in English, and suggests an ideological interpretation of its adaptation, considering its sociopolitical context.
The notion of voice-over, as studied in Film Studies, as well as some clarification about the terminological vagueness surrounding that same notion in Translation Studies bring us to a cultural and ideological analysis of the accent in audiovisual translation. This article argues that instead of building bridges between cultures, translation can sometimes serve as a boundary between them. A given sociopolitical context certainly has important repercussions, direct or indirect, on the choices and decisions made in the process of translating cultural products such as movies. In the case of Léolo, this paper highlights the role of translation in the articulation of separate identities and in the construction of a boundary between them.
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Andrade, Pedro. "Transcultural Cinema debated in a Knowledge Network: postcolonial hybrid meanings within resistance cinema." Comunicação e Sociedade 29 (June 27, 2016): 395–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.17231/comsoc.29(2016).2427.
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This paper aims to present a Knowledge Network on Transcultural Communication, a work in progress organized in Archives, Knowledge Bases and Virtual Museums. One of its substantive parts, the Knowledge Node Transcultural Cinema, gathers knowledge and sources (Film Studies texts, photos, videos, etc.) about critical cinema and resistance cinema. This node articulates theories and postcolonial concepts to analysis/interpretations based on examples of film images and videos that include postcolonial representations. The “clash of civilizations” is a core idea underlying the debate on dissent and / or consensus among cultures and about postcolonialism. The dissimilarity between colonial / postcolonial societies and cultures, often takes the form of a “conflict of meanings.” And the discursive resistance against colonialism is often based on mobilizing hybridizations. Contemporary cultures are essentially “hybrid cultures”. Such hybrid nature is present in many images and sounds of resistance cinema, and it is urgent to emphasize its characteristics, for example central dichotomies transmitted by authors of this cinema genre: “colonizer / colonized,” “identity / difference,” “power / no power”. Resistance film audiences can see and criticize, in a participatory way, the worldviews and discourses shared by cinema imagination / activism in cinema, contributing to a common, global and critical culture / knowledge.
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Aberkane, Ali. "Repräsentationen von Gewalt und Gegengewalt im Werk Christoph Heins: eine diskursive Analyse." Traduction et Langues 17, no. 1 (August 31, 2018): 48–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.52919/translang.v17i1.557.
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Representations of Violence and Counter-Violence in Christoph Hein’s Work: A Discourse Analysis
Violence is generally defined as a daily phenomenon of human reality, which nowadays comes in different forms, involving verbal abuse, and which concerns all cultures and social classes. Violence is also a constitutive dimension in the work of the German author Christoph Hein. Regarding its universal importance and its presence in various discourses (literary and non-literary ones), but also its discursive and counter-discursive forms, the present article aims to de- and/or reconstruct different types of violence discourses, articulated and represented in the author's fictional texts. The prose of the author Christoph Hein is the main corpus of the present article. The representativeness of violence in fiction undeniably stems from a transcultural reflection, which does not only take into account the real and primary forms of violence (especially patriarchal), but also its sometimes invisible or even non-verbal mechanisms.
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Keval, Harshad. "Risky cultures to risky genes: The racialised discursive construction of south Asian genetic diabetes risk." New Genetics and Society 34, no. 3 (May 5, 2015): 274–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14636778.2015.1036155.
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Stoughton, Edy Hammond, and Connie Sivertson. "Communicating across cultures: discursive challenges and racial identity formation in narratives of middle school students." Race Ethnicity and Education 8, no. 3 (September 2005): 277–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13613320500174408.
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Wang, Quanzhi. "Review of Gouveia & Alexandre (2013): Languages, Metalanguages, Modalities, Cultures: Functional and socio-discursive perspectives." Functions of Language 23, no. 2 (October 6, 2016): 257–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/fol.23.2.04wan.
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Paterson, Lachy. "Te Karere o Poneke: Creating an Indigenous Discursive Space?" Itinerario 44, no. 2 (August 2020): 365–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0165115320000170.
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AbstractOver sixteen months in 1857 and 1858, Walter Buller produced a weekly newspaper for Māori of the Wellington region in their own language. Although he was the son of a Wesleyan missionary and an official interpreter, the niupepa was neither a church nor a government publication, although it promoted discourses favoured by both. A number of niupepa had preceded Buller's Te Karere o Poneke, the first appearing in 1842, but his paper was distinctive in the sizable platform he provided for correspondence. Over half of the items printed comprised letters from Māori, many of them commenting on, and occasionally critiquing the colonial milieu.The concept of “public sphere” is heavily theorized, often postulated in acultural terms (although suspiciously European in form) and it is debatable if Te Karere o Poneke's readership and their engagement with the textual discourse meet the theory's required criteria of constituting a public sphere. New Zealand was annexed to the British Empire in 1840, meaning that by 1857 colonization was still a relatively new phenomenon, but with substantial immigration and a developing infrastructure, change was both extensive and dynamic. According to the theory, it may be difficult to apply the concept of “public sphere” to Māori anytime during the changing contexts of nineteenth-century colonialism, and indeed other colonised cultures for whom the advent of literacy, Christianity, market economy and colonial administration had been sudden and unexpected. Of course this does not mean that Māori lacked a voice, at times critical. Using Te Karere o Poneke as a case study, this essay argues that Wellington Māori of 1857 do not readily fit the Western model of the “public sphere”, but they nevertheless utilized the discursive spaces available to them to discuss and evaluate the world they now encountered.
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MACKINTOSH, MAUREEN. "Flexible Contracting? Economic Cultures and Implicit Contracts in Social Care." Journal of Social Policy 29, no. 1 (January 2000): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047279400005845.
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Drawing on case studies from two local authorities, this article identifies two distinct economic cultures in social care contracting. An arms-length contracting culture was emerging in interaction with risk-averse commercial suppliers, while a ‘partnership’ contracting culture was developing in association with non-profit providers who actively sought risk and responsibility. The article explores the discursive construction of the distinct implicit contracts associated with the two economic cultures, showing that ‘flexibility’ had become a key trope in contracting debate, carrying complex meanings of both responsiveness and control. The article thus unpacks the notion of ‘soft’ contracting in social care, and argues that social care contracting should be understood as a process of mutual shaping of both a divided care industry and an internally divided local authority economic culture. The article then draws out a series of implications of the research for policy and regulation in care contracting.