Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Discrimination in education – France'
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ROMENS, ANNE-IRIS. "Coping with essentialism and stratifications: Migrant women with tertiary education in local labour markets of France and Italy." Doctoral thesis, Università di Padova, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/381391.
Full textVollet-Gless, Marianne. "L'egalite des chances entre hommes et femmes en education utopies et realites. Les programmes de diversification de l'orientation des jeunes filles en france." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997STR20043.
Full textFor 20 years, education has been coeducationnal in france, giving equal opportunities of access to scholar and career choices. Nevertheless inequalities in distribution of the sexes subsist in secondary schools and higher education. A governemental policy aiming at the widening girls'career opportunities inforced since 1984 some educational innovations, which were drawn from european equal opportunities programs. This research, presented in 3 parts, gives a socio-historical analysis of this policy. The research is based on official texts and on experimental projects in 2 local education authorities. The first part gives an outline of the evolution, in figures over 10 years, the explicit aims of the governemental mission as well as its administrative, organizational and pedagogical means. The second part gives an analysis of the conditions of implementation in 2 local authorities in the east of france and. In particular, the resistance met by young girls and women engaged in training and careers in the field of mechanics. The third part exposes the sociological, educational and psychological aspects by which professional and scholar aspirations are devised according to gender. The socialisation process is met by new opportunities for the determination of projects for the future and projects for the self in an educational environment which welcomes equal opportunities. These projects hav drawn a lot from the knowledge of feminist experimentations as well as from diversified vocational couselling experiences. The integrative theories of orientation and gender give career and educational couselling an ather frame trough which cultural equality practices can be reconsidered
Romens, Anne-Iris. "Coping with essentialism and stratifications: Migrant women with tertiary education in local labour markets of France and Italy." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3423197.
Full textLe donne migranti con istruzione superiore sono significativamente colpite dalla sovra-istruzione, dalla de-qualificazione e dalla sottoccupazione, in quanto lavorano principalmente in posti di lavoro che non sono in linea con i loro percorsi di studio. La tesi sostiene che analizzare l'essenzialismo è cruciale per comprendere le stratificazioni del mercato del lavoro e capire perché le donne migranti continuano ad essere confinate in posti di lavoro con scarso riconoscimento sociale, nonostante la loro laurea. La tesi mette in luce come le rappresentazioni basate sulla colonialità, le disuguaglianze globali e anche su modelli di femminilità conservatori ed erotizzati, influenzano il processo di selezione e infine limitano l'accesso che queste donne hanno al lavoro. Per esplorare l'influenza dell'essenzialismo nella valutazione delle competenze, la tesi utilizza il concetto di incorporazione (embodiness). Sottolinea che i selezionatori tendono a valutare le competenze, in base a chi le incorpora e in base a come i candidati vengono percepiti in termini di classe, genere e razzializzazione. La valutazione delle competenze sembra comportare un alto livello di scrutinio sul corpo e sull'habitus delle candidate donne, portando a una selettività basata sulla classe e l'erotizzazione delle donne migranti. Inoltre, la tesi esamina come le donne migranti con istruzione superiore affrontano, resistono e alla fine sfidando l’essenzialismo e le stratificazioni. Analizza il modo in cui reagiscono alla loro posizione nei mercati del lavoro locali, sia che si sentano declassati o che abbiano avuto accesso a lavori soddisfacenti. Inoltre, la maternità è emersa dal lavoro sul campo come un fattore cruciale che influenza le traiettorie delle donne migranti. Di conseguenza, la tesi analizza il modo in cui l'interazione tra migrazione, welfare, cura e ordini di genere condiziona l'accesso all'occupazione, portando a frequenti declassamenti. I mercati del lavoro locali che sono stati selezionati per svolgere attività sul campo sono quelli del Veneto, in Italia e dell’Alsazia, in Francia. Questi due contesti sono caratterizzati da diversi modelli di cura e di rapportarsi all'alterità dei migranti. Il fenomeno sociale è studiato da una varietà di prospettive. La tesi incrocia gli sguardi delle donne migranti con istruzione superiore, nate in paesi dell'Africa subsahariana ed dall’Europa non-UE, con quelle di selezionatori e lavoratori sociali. Complessivamente, sono state condotte e analizzate 52 interviste narrative utilizzando l'analisi tematica e la valutazione biografica di politiche. Inoltre, la tesi è uno dei primi studi che utilizza i dati statistici per evidenziare l’accesso differenziato che i migranti con istruzione superiore hanno al lavoro in Italia e Francia, in base al loro paese di nascita e al loro genere. Studiando le sfide affrontate dalle donne migranti con istruzione terziaria, la tesi evidenzia come l'accesso alle risorse e all'occupazione sia influenzata dal genere, dalla classe e dalla razzializzazione e come siano influenzati dall’essenzialismo. Sostiene che la comprensione dei meccanismi che contribuiscono a riprodurre le stratificazioni ci consente di progettare percorsi verso un accesso più equo all'occupazione e alle risorse.
Quintero, Oscar. "Racisme et discrimination à l'université : lectures croisées des sociétés française et colombienne à partir de l'expérience vécue des étudiants noirs à Paris et Bogota." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 2, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00807356.
Full textThomauske, Nathalie saskia. "Des constructions de "speechlessness" : une étude comparative Allemagne-France sur les rapports sociaux langagiers de pouvoir dans le domaine de l'éducation de la petite enfance." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCD050/document.
Full textGermany and France face similar challenges concerning questions of immigration. Both countries are nation states, in which the majoritarian society is convinced that the people should be unified through speaking a common language. This conception of the nation-state is nevertheless strongly opposed by plurilingual people (of Color). The aim of the thesis is to analyze how a discrimination of plurilingual children is constructed and legitimized in daily life in the domain of early childhood education.To this end, focus group discussions with practitioners and parents have been conducted and analyzed following a constructionist “grounded theory” approach. Findings show, among others, that practitioners do not know or are insecure of how to deal with children who do not speak the target language. Some of them react by expecting children to adapt and to learn the language on their own through "language submersion". The “Other” languages of the children and their parents are relegated to the private context and their speakers are silenced in the ECEC setting. Other practitioners criticize these de facto language policies and describe how they contribute to support children in expressing themselves in their favorite language(s)
Siakam, Victorine-Jolie. "Le droit des femmes au travail : étude comparée des droits camerounais et français." Thesis, Lille 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIL20014.
Full textThe ability to work and the rights that go with women exercising a professional activity are the result of lengthy legal developments both in France and Cameroon. Despite recognition of this right to work, various constraints persist and give rise to discrimination. Discrimination is sometimes de facto, in which case it is based in retrograde attitudes, and sometimes it is legal, in which case it is manifested in legal shortcomings. The legal tools used to promote women’s rights at work and to fight against all forms of professional discrimination are not completely identical in France and Cameroon. Nevertheless, the gains of one country can be perfectly transposed onto the other
Lanier, Valérie. "L'accueil des enfants (d') immigrés dans les écoles françaises : éducation entre culture familiale et culture du pays d'arrivée." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00696486.
Full textEberhard, Mireille. "L'idée républicaine de la discrimination raciste en France." Paris 7, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA070043.
Full textThis thesis is about the role of the republican idea in the approach to racial discrimination in France and the measures in order to deal with it. The analysis relies on a state policy and an associative campaign designed to fight against discrimination. It investigates the appropriation of this theme by the actors concerned within these structures, and emphasizes the way the republican framework influences the position they adopt towards the object to be treated, their understanding of it, and the kind of measures they take in order to ban it. Through their discourses and their practices, it takes an interest in the way they distinguish, confound or articulate racism and discrimination. From the testimony of victims and the way their complaint is dealt with in reception facilities, it is necessary to call into question the appeal to the republican repository in the strategies of denunciation, of reparation, but also of denial of racial discrimination
David, Franck. "La notion de discrimination positive en droit public français." Poitiers, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001POIT3005.
Full textMaman, Waziri Khalid. "A stochastic earnings frontier approach to investigating labour market failures." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0164/document.
Full textThis doctoral thesis addresses issues related to employees’ imperfect information on the labour market and discrimination, generally all direct consequences of labour underpayment or “earnings inefficiency”. Workers are in a situation of earnings inefficiency when they do not receive the full potential remuneration corresponding to their human capital endowment: unfair pay for greater stock of human capital. This situation is problematic from a policy-makers point of view as it could weaken work incentives, discourage investments in human capital, and harm economic growth and competitiveness. It could also widen inequality within the society and contribute to the increase in relative poverty.The contribution we make through this work is threefold. First, we examine the integration of young people into the labour market from a new angle. Instead of examining whether individuals obtain stable employment or not, we use an approach that focuses on the quality of the job matching for young people entering the workforce and lacking labour market information. This first chapter provides empirical evidence on job search theories. In a second chapter, because of the considerable challenge of identifying and assessing discriminatory practices in the labour market, we propose an innovative and effective approach to examine the phenomenon of the glass ceiling (an invisible barrier to management positions associated with higher earnings). Finally, the last part of this doctoral thesis is devoted to improving the econometric approach we use. We propose a theoretical econometric model that improves correction for sample selection bias with stochastic frontier models
Vizkelety, Béatrice. "Proving discrimination in Canada." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/4630.
Full textLesné, Maud. "La perception et la mesure des discriminations racistes et sexistes." Thesis, Paris 8, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA080112/document.
Full textDiscrimination has finally been acknowledged as one of the mechanisms behind the inequality that pervades French society and contributes to the formation of minoritized population groups. The present doctoral thesis explores the perception, identification and reporting of racial and sexist discrimination from a methodological perspective, drawing on data from the Trajectories and Origins (TeO) survey. There is no automatic correspondence between occurrences of discrimination and their reporting. This thesis refutes the suspicion that racial discrimination is over-reported, fed by the huge volume of recorded cases, and confirms the massive under-reporting of sexist discrimination, which makes it appear a marginal phenomenon. While the TeO survey successfully circumvented the obstacles that traditionally deter respondents from reporting racial discrimination, namely doubt, resignation, a refusal of victimhood and a belief in merit, it could not overcome the mechanisms that inhibit the reporting of sexist discrimination. The latter’s largely systemic nature has led to its internalization, while women’s lack of awareness and the discrediting of feminism in France have also helped to make sexist discrimination difficult – if not impossible to measure. Moreover, the use of an intersectional approach revealed that being dominant in relation to sex, but dominated with regard to so-called race, places racialized men at a tension-charged intersection that makes discrimination against them more visible than that experienced by racialized women
Tharaud, Delphine. "Contribution à une théorie générale des discriminations positives." Limoges, 2006. https://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/27237f20-e3dd-472d-acaa-a64c53d0198d/blobholder:0/2006LIMO0514.pdf.
Full textPositive discriminations are unquestionably in vogue, but the debates surrounding them do not spread out on solid bases. Often confused by the reference to the American affirmative actions and by a stripped European and Community jurisprudence, the doctrinal reflexions often forget the essence. Before discussing their implementation and its potential disadvantages, still is necessary to know the bases of positive discriminations. However, if their mechanism is known - a legal differentiation in order to arrive at the real equality - it remains to discover the criterion which delimits their existence: that of the discriminatory prejudice intervening at the time of a horizontal or vertical relation. Secure in the strength of its new element, the theorization of positive discriminations can be done in all serenity and thwart the traps of criticisms formulated without true consideration of the nature of positive discriminations. If shelves exist, these levelling measurements seem nevertheless relevant when they profit from limits as traditional as the proportionality or the general interest, or more singular as fraternity. The study of their relevance shows how much the absence of theorization carried out positive discriminations to be victims of prejudices
Berson, Clémence. "Impact de la concurrence sur la discrimination sur le marché du travail." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010013.
Full textO'Neal, Barbara Jean. "Title VII : sex discrimination in higher education /." Diss., This resource online, 1992. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-10022007-144508/.
Full textBarles, Sébastien. "Les mesures positives (actions et discriminations positives) en droit français ou l'insertion de politiques publiques différenciées et différencialistes au sein de l'universalisme républicain." Paris 8, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA082166.
Full textGumataotao-Lowe, Catalina San Nicolas. "Institutional racism in higher education : perceptions of people of color /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7888.
Full textSteichen, Elsa. "L'insertion professionnelle des descendants d'immigrés maghrébins au prisme des discriminations ethno-raciales et de genre." Paris, EHESS, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EHES0006.
Full textSchool-to-work transition is an important stage in reaching adulthood and one that has long lasting impacts on individuals’ professional trajectories. Based on the combination of quantitative and qualitative analyses, this PhD research studies the school-to-work transition of North African immigrants’ descendants by focusing on the articulation of race and gender discriminations. In this perspective, we use the intersectional approach which states that power relations, and consequently inequalities created by them, are mutually influenced. Our statistical analysis of the Generation 2004 survey (Céreq), combined with our qualitative analysis of around thirty in-depth interviews, sheds light on the difficulties that punctuate school-to-work trajectories of North African immigrants’ descendants, in comparison with native and Portuguese descendants. Their school-to-work transition is characterized by difficulties in job access, especially stable ones, and overexposure to unemployment and inactivity. Moreover, while second generation North African women face the same gender penalties as other women, these penalties are shaped by racial specificities which do not systematically lead to an increase of discriminatory effects. This research also emphasizes the complexity of their discrimination experience. Discriminatory treatments are hard to detect because their authors are either not conscious of producing them or dissimulate them. Furthermore, persons exposed to discrimination have difficulties declaring it and many distance their own trajectories from it. Nonetheless, their professional careers are marked by the bypassing of recurrent obstacles linked to discriminations
Dunietz, Mariel R. "Marseille en Trompe l'Œil: la Marginalisation de Sa Population d'Origine Nord-Africaine." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2015. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/649.
Full textWilson, A. C. "Hidden disabilities visable discrimination : a conceptualization of discrimination faced by those with specific learning disorders within the Queensland education system." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2000.
Find full textAeberhardt, Romain. "Mesurer la discrimination sur le marché du travail." Phd thesis, Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales (EHESS), 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01022111.
Full textHu, Yue. "Essays on education policies and discrimination in credit markets." Related electronic resource:, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1410678201&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=3739&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Full textMartinsson, Jonas. "Age discrimination at Swedish Universities." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för nationalekonomi och statistik (NS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-96305.
Full textEdwards, Larry Guy. "Dimensions of gender discrimination in Oklahoma's system of higher education : case studies /." Full-text version available from OU Domain via ProQuest Digital Dissertations, 1989.
Find full textStanutz, Sandy. "Pitch discrimination and melodic memory in children with autism." Thesis, McGill University, 2010. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=86728.
Full textMethod: Twenty-five children with autism between the ages of 8-12 and 25 typically developing children within the same age range participated in the study. Children completed pitch discrimination tasks in two differing contexts. In one context, children were asked to indicate whether two pitches were the same or different when the two pitches were either the same or one note of the pair had been altered so that it was 25, 35, or 45-cents sharp or flat. In the other context, children were asked to discriminate whether two melodies were the same or different when the leading tone of each melody was either the same or had been altered so that it was 25, 35, or 45-cents sharp or flat. In addition, children were also asked to recall melodies one week after they were paired with pictures during a familiarization task. All the tasks in the study were formatted on computer.
Results: Children with autism outperformed typically developing children in both pitch discrimination contexts. Children with autism were superior to typically developing children when remembering melodies one week after they had been paired with animal pictures.
Conclusion: Children with autism demonstrated better pitch discrimination and melodic memory than typically developing children. These abilities may be genetic, as the majority of the participants in the study had limited music training. Alternatively, these abilities could be reflective of a different developmental process in the auditory modality of children with autism whereby developmental differences in auditory perceptions may be adaptive in some musical contexts.
Objectif: Les recherches actuelles démontrent que les personnes autistiques discernent mieux la hauteur des sons et ont une meilleure mémoire des sons individuels. La présente étude vise à étendre la recherche aux enfants d'âge scolaire en comparant, chez les enfants autistiques par rapport aux enfants qui se développent normalement, le discernement de la hauteur des sons et la mémoire mélodique.
Méthodologie: Vingt-cinq enfants autistiques ainsi que 25 enfants ayant un développement normal, tous âgés de 8 à 12 ans, ont participé à l'étude. Placés dans deux contextes différents, les enfants ont effectué des tâches faisant appel à leur capacité de discerner la hauteur des sons. Dans le premier contexte, les enfants devaient indiquer si deux sons étaient semblables ou différents lorsque les deux sons étaient les mêmes ou lorsque l'un d'eux avait été modifié pour être plus aigu ou plus bas de 25, 35, ou 45-cents. Dans l'autre contexte, les enfants devaient dire si deux sons mélodies étaient les memes ou si elles étaient différentes lorsque chacune des melodies étaient la mêmes ou si elles étaient différentes lorsque la sensible de chacune des melodies étaient soit la même, soit qu'elle avait été modifiée pour être plus aigue ou plus basse de 25, 35, ou 45-cents. En outre, les enfants devaient aussi se remémorer des mélodies qui, la semaine précédente, avaient été associées à des images d'animaux au cours d'une tâche de familiarsation. Toutes les tâches accomplies par les enfants au cours de l'étude ont été effectuées sur ordinateur.
Résultats: Les enfants autistiques ont mieux réussis que les enfants ayant un développement normal et, cela, dans les deux contextes de discernment de la hauteur des sons. Ils ont aussi été supérieurs lorsqu'il a fallu se remémorer des melodies une semaine après qu'elles eurent été associés à des images d'animaux.
Conclusions: Les enfants autistiques ont démontré que leur jugement de la hauteur des sons et et leur mémoire mélodique étaient meilleurs que ceux des enfants ayant un développement normal. Ces habiletés pourraient être innées étant donné que la majorité des participants á l'étude avaient une formation musicale limitée. Par ailleurs, ces habiletés pourraient être le signe d'un processus développemental different des attributs auditifs des enfants autistiques, ces différences développementales des perceptions auditives pouvent comporter une capacité d'adaptation à certains contextes musicaux.
Latshwayo, Simphiwe Abner. "Education and independance : education in South Africa, 1658-1988 /." Westport (Conn.) : Greenwood press, 2000. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb388081273.
Full textPoussou-Plesse, Marielle. "Faire salariat à part : enquêtes sur les fins de carrière, France 1997-2008." Paris 5, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA05H091.
Full textThe object of this study is a nagging French public issue covering the years 1997-2008: under-employment amongst the older generation. It questions the origins and consequences of the building up of this issue, based on a standard age group, considering the problems linked to the increase in the number of working years. Three investigations aim to understand why and how this issue ended up symbolising a national impotence. An epistemological investigation shows that its definition as a category links its understanding to two macro balances: the balance of a job market and that of a social protection system. Two empirical investigations then seek to observe the use of the principle of a longer working life into the economic and political regulations applied on these balances. The importance of mediation, regarding the coordination of anticipation of career objectives then emerges. Without it, the age category means that the solution is formulated in terms of wage-earners segmentation
Baudemont, Michel. "Une population à haut risque d'exclusion de l'emploi : les personnes issues de l'immigration." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002STR20008.
Full textKorolitski, Ulysse. "Liberté d'expression, démocratie et discours racistes : les justifications de la législation française contre le racisme d'expression." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011IEPP0014.
Full textThe parliamentary justifications for the French laws against racist speech (the Pleven Act of 1972 and Gayssot Act of 1990) are flimsy and insufficient. Still, the legislation itself is not as unjustified as those inadequate justifications might lead one to believe. New and more theoretically solid and satisfactory justifications do exist, some points of which would still be debatable. The first part of this study points out the theoretical shortcomings in the justifications advanced in the French parliament. After examining the legislation itself, its history, legal precedents and associated doctrine, the study proceeds to an analysis of the grounds given for the 1972 and 1990 laws respectively. The second part seeks to show that there are, however, three more solid and viable theoretical approaches to the issue which could have been taken: viz. A theory of the presumption that speech translates into action, a theory of the relationship between law and truth, and, thirdly, a theory of the expression and defense of values in democracy and of democratic debate. In closing, the study demonstrates the justifiability of the French laws against racist speech: “justifiability” here signifying a set of solid reasons, based on rational premises, with certain points thereof remaining open to debate – but to a debate whose terms have been rendered intelligible. In passing, some provisions of the legislation in question will appear unjustifiable and amendable
Manigot, Vincent. "La discrimination en entreprise, réflexions sur un risque." Thesis, Paris 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA020067.
Full textManaging a company incurs a risk of discrimination for the employer. In its original meaning, the notion of discrimination refers to distinctions based on an illegal criterion. To be effective, the prohibition of discriminations brings the judge to require that the employer give pertinent justifications of his/her decisions. The company is compelled to develop means of assessing in an objective manner employees’ professional skills. Beyond this initial objective, the fight against discriminations must now ease the integration of disadvantaged populations. The notions of equal access to employment, diversity, affirmative action and indirect discrimination are now part of companies’ vocabulary. Though companies do not always have effective leverage for action, public authorities force them to negotiate on certain subjects in order to reduce inequalities. A responsible employer cannot ignore this radical change in the concept of discrimination. He/she must now setthe new boundaries to this risk so as to implement adequate means to prevent its materializing
Reed, James Alexander. "Intra-discrimination in the LGBT Community: A Phenomenological Study." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1585657089817672.
Full textBui-Xuan, Olivia. "Le droit public français entre universalisme et différencialisme." Paris 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA020080.
Full textSchmutz, Benoît. "Les immigrés africains face au marché du logement en France : ségrégation, discrimination et mobilité." Phd thesis, Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille II, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00703900.
Full textSchmutz, Benoit. "Les immigrés Africains face au marché du logement en france : ségrégation,discrimination et mobilité." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX24008.
Full textAfrican immigrants in France share common difficulties in terms of labor market and housing market access. As such, they may be studied as a group: a group with its own geography (high urbanization rate and over-representation in poor, public-housing-dominated neighborhoods); a group whose relative labor market integration has declined over the past decades; a segregated group for which understanding the interplay between the labor market and the housing market is crucial. In the four chapters of this thesis, I build several microeconomic models which attempt to describe some of the failures of the housing market when it is confronted with a group of economically fragile consumers, who may suffer from others' prejudice and who massively benefit from a government-controlled public housing program. The predictions that are derived from these models are then tested on the population of African immigrants in France, mostly through the statistical analysis of the last three waves (1996, 2002 and 2006) of the French National Housing Survey. The main results are threefold: first, African immigrants do suffer from customer-based discrimination in the private rental housing market, which may partly explain their high participation rate to public housing; second, sorting mechanisms within the French public housing market direct African public tenants into the poorest neighborhoods, even though the rent gradient of public housing with respect to location characteristics is almost flat; last, both geographic preferences and housing market access play some role in explaining the residual unemployment and urbanization gaps between African immigrants and non-immigrants in France
De, Chacus Sylvie Vitondin. "Discrimination sexiste en milieu du travail, facteur d'émulation et création de modèle féminin : une étude comparative des perceptions, explications et stratégies face au phénomène de discrimination (Bénin/France)." Lille 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LIL30029.
Full textThis study raises the problem of discrimination made towards the women in the decision-making authorities and views on the implementation of collective strategies of fight versus individual as means to face to this phenomenon. We proceed from the observation of the existence of two forms of discrimination observed in Benin and in France : a strong discrimination (iron ceiling) versus a moderate discrimination (glass ceiling). The iron ceiling is a formula which we created to report the situation of the women in sub-Saharan Africa. However we see in this study that this expression hides a particular reality in Benin : women's presence is not unimportatnt in higher position at high level of responsability. Highly qualified women pierced the glass ceiling, the formula particularly adapted to the situation of the women in Europe, and in France there in this particular case. We leaned in this study on the theory of the relative deprivation promoted by Tougas, Guimond and their coworkers (1999). This theory highlights the feeling of domination and demand with the aim of the reduction of the aforementioned feeling. The results of the various analysis realized within the framework of the study confirms the main hypothesis that is to say, the Beninese women make a commitment in a collective action to fight more effectively against the phenomenon of the discrimination made against them notably in occupational environment, contrary to their counterparts Frenchwomen who would develop more strategies of individual fight (individual action). On the other hand, the perception of the phenomenon of discrimination is moderated in France (glass ceiling) and stronger in Benin (iron ceiling). In a general way, the sexist discrimination in the workplace is a universal phenomenon, a reality which exists in all the societies. The idea to try to dread is better to the French people as to the Beninese in this thesis turned out to be an opening for the researches in psychology on this question. So, we can say that in a social psychological prospect, this research contributes to relaunch the reflection around the phenomenon of discrimination generally and its consequences on the social behaviors. Finally, this study can join a new way of researches based on a North-South co-operation, the aim of which would be to the co-construction of theoretical models which would not be universal and such as "globalized", but adaptable and "requestionable" in the specific national and societal contexts
Ravaz, Florian. "La taxation des étrangers non-résidents en France." Thesis, Toulon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOUL0103/document.
Full textNon-resident aliens represent a very specific legal category of taxpayers. Two conditions are necessarily met in order to tax these economic operators : a territoriality criterion relating to the location of their tax liability, it is the fiscal domicile; and then one of nationality. The definition of taxpayer is negative, as a matter of fact, it is a person who does not have French nationality, and who does not have tax domicile in France. The French legislature makes explicit references to non-resident foreigners in the Tax Code, the principle being the assimilation with the French non-residents. However, when there is a direct reference, it is to discriminate against national. This results in a difference in tax treatment most often contrary to EU and international standards which effectively act against any protectionist drift of the French legislator. Indeed, the principle of equality and its corollary, the principle of non-discrimination are fundamental principles of EU and international law, which are responsible for neutralizing the national tax systems which apply the criterion of nationality in the taxation of non-resident aliens in France. At last, breaking the principle of assimilation to national non-residents creates legal disputes that force the French legislator to align with the external legislation and which therefore tend to lead to an end to discrimination
Saint-Michel, Sarah. "L' impact du genre sur les traits de personnalité des leaders et les effets sur le style de leadership." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010056.
Full textMazouz, Sarah. "La République et ses autres : politiques de la discrimination et pratiques de naturalisation dans la France des années 2000." Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2010EHES0011.
Full textThe object of this thesis is to study two policies appearing to be paradigmatic of the way relationship to the other and the alien was thought about and conceptualised in France in the years 2000: policy against racial discrimination and policy of naturalization. Ln the end of the years 1990, the paradigm of racial discriminations was added to the existing policies, which until then had been structured by two major idea" integrating migrants and regulating migration flow. This new problematization seemed to call for the launching of a policy of otherness thought of to go beyond the previous analysis in terms of border. However, acknowledging the existence of racial discrimination is from the beginning ambivalent. Overmore, it is the question of the nation, and more precisely of the incorporation in nation through naturaliization that is the frame of this timid acknowledgment of racial discrimination and that is politically reinvested in a new way at this occasion. Based on a fieldwork, combining observation and interviews, this research intends to hold together a sociology of public policies and an anthropology of social practices. Lts purpose is to show that the actual redefinition of French policies of otherness cannot be analysed without taking into account the way the questions of migration, nation and racialization interfere in social space
Lévy, Martine. "Le féminisme d'Etat en France, 1965-1985 : 20 ans de prise en charge institutionnelle de l'égalité professionnelle entre hommes et femmes." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988IEPP0009.
Full textThis research addresses public response to expanding work opportunities for women and its political developments. The opening part describes how growth in work opportunities for women has led to an array of institutional mechanisms among which dominates the setting up of a variety of administrative machineries. State feminism expresses the official ideology which urges public authorities to accomplish change in status of women in society ; a move spurred from the demand for eliminating sex discrimination in employment. Part II deals with state feminism enforcement. It shows through confronting the specific goals and concrete means of equal employment policy for women that it stands as a symbolic policy. Moreover evaluation of its effectiveness regarding un employment, occupational segregation and wage gap demonstrates that growing equality between men and women has resulted in greater discrepancies between women. Part III explores the impact of equal employment policy implementation on politics. It assesses the key role of government specific machineries in administrative opposition to equal employment opportunities enforcement. (. . . )
Landais, Pierre. "Les usages sociaux de l'identité : processus de catégorisation et formes d'appartenance culturelle et minoritaire des descendants de l'immigration maghrébine et turque." Caen, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012CAEN1663.
Full textIn a context of assignment to an outsider’s position of some members of the French society ("of immigrant origins", "Muslim"), what about the relationship with the family inheritance of the descendants of North African and Turkish immigration? From an empirical study conducted on different populations, this thesis examines the forms of belonging of immigrants’ descendants, especially cultural belonging and minority belonging. It appears that the heirs of the North African immigration lead their lives trying to reconcile loyalty to family heritage and personal aspirations, while facing assigned identity, stigma and discrimination and this, without having the same amount of resources (social, cultural, and symbolic) depending on their academic and social trajectory, gender, or age. If the trend of loyalty towards the family legacy prevails, regardless of the social position and resources of people, the strength of minority belonging is linked to the recognition of an individual’s multiple belongings, or conversely, his assignment to a stigmatized identity, depending on the range of rewarding and recognized identifications that people have. Finally, while questioning the dialectic between identification and assignment, this thesis reveals the partial and relative autonomy of cultural belonging, compared to (inflicted) minority belonging
Petit, Pascale. "Une contribution empirique à l'étude de la discrimination à l'encontre des femmes sur le marché du travail." Paris 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA01A032.
Full textFavre-Perroton, Joëlle. "École et ethnicité : une relation à double face." Bordeaux 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR21004.
Full textGauthier, Jérémie. "Origines contrôlées : la police à l'épreuve de la question minoritaire à Paris et à Berlin : [thèse en] cotutelle franco-allemande." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012VERS009S.
Full textOn the basis of ethnographic surveys conducted in police stations in Paris and Berlin, we propose to analyze the relationship between policing and the “minority question”, that is to say the ways in which police officers define and implement categories based on the nationality, culture, origin, appearance, or religion of the people they meet. Through extensive interviews and observation of police work in territories considered "sensitive" in France and Germany, we have shown how these categories frame the representations and the action of the police. By adopting a sociologically comprehensive perspective and broadening the focus of the analysis, we put the issue of police racism and discrimination in the widest economy of police practices and representations. The comparative approach has revealed that the relationship between the policing and the minorities depends on the professional standards, on urban and social contexts as well as on the institutional policies in which policing operates. We show how differences in the roles assigned to the police in Berlin and Paris contribute to defining the relationship between officers “on the beat” and minority populations
Ausgehend von ethnographischen Untersuchungen in Polizeidienststellen in der Pariser Region und in Berlin soll in dieser Arbeit das Zusammenspiel analysiert werden, welches sich aus polizeilichen Maβnahmen und minderheitsgebundenem Kategorisierungsprozess definiert ; das heiβt, die Art, in der die Polizisten Klassifizierungskategorien im Zusammenhang mit Nationnalität, Kultur, Herkunft, Aussehen oder auch Religion von Personen, denen sie begegnen, umsetzen. Über die Durchführung tiefgehender Befragungen und die Beobachtung der Polizeiarbeit an denjenigen Orten und in Bezug auf Bevölkerungsteile, welche in zwei nationalen Kontexten als "sensibel" erarchtet werden, konnte aufgezeigt werden, inwiefern diese Kategorien dazu beitragen, einen Rahmen für polizeiliche Maβnahmen zu bilden und die Polizisten bei der Definition ihrer beruflichen Identität vor Probleme stellen. Mittels einer interpretativ-soziologischen Perspektive, dank derer der Fokus der Arbeit sich erweiterte, wurde die Frage von Rassismus und Diskriminierungen in die so weit wie möglich gefasste Ökonomie polizeilicher Praktiken und Vorstellungen eingebettet. Ein vergleichender Ansatz gestattete es, aufzuzeigen, dass das Zusammenspiel aus polizeilichen Maβnahmen und minderheitsgebundenem Kategorisierungsprozess von beruflichen Normen abhängt, wie auch von dem urbanen und sozialen Umfeld sowie von der Institutionspolitik, in welche es eingebettet ist. Die Unterschiede in Bezug auf die Rolle, welche der Polizei in Berlin und in der Pariser Region jeweils zugeschrieben wird, tragen dazu bei, die Beziehungen zwischen Polizisten und den Minderheiten angehörenden Bevölkerungsteilen zu definieren
Doran, Mary Therese. "A Discourse Analysis of "Laïcité" and its Effects on the Integration of Muslim and Arab Minorities in France." OpenSIUC, 2009. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/512.
Full textDjabi, Anissa. "L'institutionnalisation d'une question sociétale en défis managériaux : le cas du Label Diversité dans le champ de la non-discrimination au travail." Thesis, Paris Est, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PEST0045.
Full textWith the breakthrough of the Anglo-saxon approach to manage a diverse workforce in this globalize world – best known as “Diversity management” in the USA – non-discrimination within the workplace became a major social issue and a growing concern for French companies in the early 2000s. So as to face the need to better understand the societal and managerial peculiarities of this phenomenon within the French context, this thesis explores the process of translating the issue of non-discrimination at work in managerial practices within companies. To understand and illustrate this process, this thesis provides an analysis of mixed data and an original case study: the French Diversity Label. To collect data and get access to the field, it was chosen to be immersed in a network of companies (FACE) with a 3-year research contract (CIFRE) and to complete immersion with a survey that implied two categories of participants: the designers of the Diversity Label and labelled companies. An integrative analysis grid combining neo-institutionalist theories and scientific literature on management instrumentation is also used. These methodological and theoretical choices allow us to meet the objective of this doctoral work at four levels. Considering non-discrimination at work as an organizational field, this thesis promotes a better understanding of the contextual characteristics regarding the issue of non-discrimination at work in France. In the light of theories of institutional change, it also offers a better understanding of the process by which the diversity approach enabled companies to consider and focus on the discrimination issue in their organisational practices. This thesis provides also an understanding of how these companies integrate and take ownership of the diversity management approach in practise. And finally, a first assessment of the effects of diversity management practices within companies is developed throughout the analysis of the Diversity Label in regards with appropriative perspectives of management instruments approach. In conclusion, this doctoral study questions the institutionalization of non-discrimination at work in France. It shows that this question seems not yet seen as a "natural fact" by all actors and questioned its ability to address the problem of discrimination in the workplace, in a context where a socioeconomic crisis is still going on
Pillay, Justin. "Equality and non discrimination in tertiary education for the visually impaired." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2009. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_8404_1297400944.
Full textThe focus of this paper is the right of the visually impaired to access tertiary education that is not unfairly discriminative and unequal. The study is intended to highlight the inadequacy in the current legislation on equality such as the Promotion of Equality and Prevention of Unfair Discrimination Act 4 of 2000 and the Higher Education Act 101 of 1997 in properly promoting the ideals and purpose of constitution. Furthermore to analyse the constitutional court's approach to equality and non discrimination in order to provide solutions and recommendations for changes to existing legislation that is indeed to be effective.It also aim to define what it means to have equality for the visually impaired, more especially in tertiary education through the constitutional court's definition of equality...
Sharma, Dhwani [Verfasser]. "Protective discrimination in Indian higher education : Reflections from US / Dhwani Sharma." Munich : GRIN Publishing, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1122196784/34.
Full textLise, Manuella. "Le droit universel, européen et français relatif à la non-discrimination liée au travail et ses déclinaisons dans les collectivités territoriales régies par l'article 73 de la Constitution." Thesis, Antilles, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ANTI0122/document.
Full textDifferentiated treatment of individuals or groups on the basis of race, religion, or social affiliation may be a form of continuity. There is a recent evolution of discrimination and inequalities in the workplace. The question then arises of the effectiveness of the intercolonial organization of labor in its task of developing converts and monitoring their application
Nguema-Eyi, Patrick Rick Elvis. "La représentation des minorités visibles à la télévision française : la diversité culturelle et ethnique en question." Amiens, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AMIE0008.
Full textThe question of the representation of visible minorities on the television is extremely topical today and has been the subject of many debates over several years. The term "visible minorities" denotes "ethnic minorities of non-european origin, whose physical appareance, different from the French white majority, makes them visible". It refers particulary to Blacks, Asians, Indo-Pakistani type people and Arabs (or North African or Arab type people). Television is undeniably a mass communication tool which contributes, to a certain degree, to shaping mentalities, forging social viewpoints and constructing identities. However it does not always offer a representative picture, in other words diversified, of society. It is often accused of being made without a large part of the population, notably the visible minorities, who findthemselves marginalized, strigmatized, or deprived of social importance liked to their portrayal in the media. We have examined the role of television in the promotion of ethnic diversity as well as the question of the representation of visible minorities on the screen and of their recognition in public life. It concerns precisely the way in which these minorities are "staged" and represented in different television programs (TV Series, new broadcasts, documentaries, adversiting, game shows, political debates, etc. ). The represnetation of visible minorities and their recognition in public life thus constitue a major issue today
Denson, Nida. "Do curricular and co-curricular diversity activities influence racial bias? a meta-analysis /." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1383484001&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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