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Journal articles on the topic 'Discrete-time filtrations'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 14 September 2023

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1

KOVACEVIC, RAIMUND M., and GEORG CH PFLUG. "ARE TIME CONSISTENT VALUATIONS INFORMATION MONOTONE?" International Journal of Theoretical and Applied Finance 17, no. 01 (2014): 1450003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219024914500034.

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Multi-period risk functionals assign a risk value to discrete-time stochastic processes. While convexity and monotonicity extend in straightforward manner from the single-period case, the role of information is more problematic in the multi-period situation. In this paper, we define multi-period functionals in such a way that the development of available information over time (expressed as a filtration) enters explicitly the definition of the functional. This allows to define and study the property of information monotonicity, i.e. monotonicity w.r.t. increasing filtrations. On the other hand,

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2

Kowalczuk, Zdzislaw, and Piotr Suchomski. "Discrete-Time Generalized Predictive Control with Anticipated Filtration." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 29, no. 1 (1996): 5238–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)58513-4.

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Borisov, A. V., and G. B. Miller. "Analysis and Filtration of Special Discrete-Time Markov Processes. II. Optimal Filtration." Automation and Remote Control 66, no. 7 (2005): 1125–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10513-005-0153-7.

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Savrassov, Ju S. "Algorithms of filtration and extrapolation for discrete-time dynamical systems." Acta Applicandae Mathematicae 30, no. 3 (1993): 193–263. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00995471.

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Martyr, Randall, John Moriarty, and Magnus Perninge. "Discrete-time risk-aware optimal switching with non-adapted costs." Advances in Applied Probability 54, no. 2 (2022): 625–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/apr.2021.44.

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AbstractWe solve non-Markovian optimal switching problems in discrete time on an infinite horizon, when the decision-maker is risk-aware and the filtration is general, and establish existence and uniqueness of solutions for the associated reflected backward stochastic difference equations. An example application to hydropower planning is provided.

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Popiński, Waldemar. "Wavelet transform for time-frequency representation and filtration of discrete signals." Applicationes Mathematicae 23, no. 4 (1996): 433–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4064/am-23-4-433-448.

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Obinabo, E. C., and C. E. Ojieabu. "Measurement Noise Filtration and State Estimation of a Discrete-Time Stochastic Process." International Journal of Soft Computing 5, no. 2 (2010): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/ijscomp.2010.29.34.

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Borisov, A. V., and G. B. Miller. "Analysis and Filtration of Special Discrete-Time Markov Processes. I. Martingale Representation." Automation and Remote Control 66, no. 6 (2005): 953–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10513-005-0138-6.

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Duda, Zdzislaw. "State estimation in a decentralized discrete time LQG control for a multisensor system." Archives of Control Sciences 27, no. 1 (2017): 29–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/acsc-2017-0002.

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Abstract In the paper a state filtration in a decentralized discrete time Linear Quadratic Gaussian problem formulated for a multisensor system is considered. Local optimal control laws depend on global state estimates and are calculated by each node. In a classical centralized information pattern the global state estimators use measurements data from all nodes. In a decentralized system the global state estimates are computed at each node using local state estimates based on local measurements and values of previous controls, from other nodes. In the paper, contrary to this, the controls are

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CHEN, YANHONG, and YIJUN HU. "SET-VALUED DYNAMIC RISK MEASURES FOR BOUNDED DISCRETE-TIME PROCESSES." International Journal of Theoretical and Applied Finance 23, no. 03 (2020): 2050017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021902492050017x.

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In this paper, we study how to evaluate the risk of a financial portfolio, whose components may be dependent and come from different markets or involve more than one kind of currencies, while we also take into consideration the uncertainty about the time value of money. Namely, we introduce a new class of risk measures, named set-valued dynamic risk measures for bounded discrete-time processes that are adapted to a given filtration. The time horizon can be finite or infinite. We investigate the representation results for them by making full use of Legendre–Fenchel conjugation theory for set-va

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Tanaka, Teruo. "The accessibility and multiple filtration structure for discrete time multiparameter optimal multiple stopping problems." Journal of Statistics and Management Systems 7, no. 2 (2004): 221–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09720510.2004.10701117.

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Alarcón-Carbajal, Martin A., José E. Carvajal-Rubio, Juan D. Sánchez-Torres, David E. Castro-Palazuelos, and Guillermo J. Rubio-Astorga. "An Output Feedback Discrete-Time Controller for the DC-DC Buck Converter." Energies 15, no. 14 (2022): 5288. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15145288.

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This paper presents a discrete-time output feedback controller to regulate the output voltage of a DC-DC buck converter. The proposal’s main feature is the application of a discrete-time equivalent of the robust exact filtering differentiator. First, the document exposes a theoretical analysis of the closed-loop system, where it is considered the problem of implementing a real-time differentiator with a good relationship between exactness and noise filtration performance. Hence, secondly, the controller in a laboratory setup is presented. The first experimental results suggest that the propose

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AGHILI, S. ALIREZA, DIVYAKANT AGRAWAL, and AMR EL ABBADI. "SEQUENCE SIMILARITY SEARCH USING DISCRETE FOURIER AND WAVELET TRANSFORMATION TECHNIQUES." International Journal on Artificial Intelligence Tools 14, no. 05 (2005): 733–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218213005002363.

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In this paper, we study the problem of sequence similarity search. We incorporate vector transformations and apply DFT (Discrete Fourier Transformation) and DWT (Discrete Wavelet Transformation, Haar) dimensionality reduction techniques to reduce the search space/time of sequence similarity range queries. Our empirical results on a number of Prokaryote and Eukaryote DNA contig databases demonstrate up to 50-fold filtration ratio reduction of the search space and up to 13 times faster filtration. The proposed transformation techniques may easily be integrated as a pre-processing phase on top of

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Elbanna, Ahmed Mohammed, Xiaobei Cheng, Can Yang, Medhat Elkelawy, and Hager Alam Elden. "Knock Recognition System in a PCCI Engine Powered by Diesel." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 15 (November 26, 2022): 94–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/hset.v15i.2209.

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The measurement of engine vibrations components is used to identify combustion phases in a single-cylinder PCCI diesel engine in this work. A single channel Knock transducer was used to measure engine vibration caused by combustion pressure forces and knocking tendency. The transducer is used to obtain the engine's frequency spectrum in the temporal domain. Categorization discrete wavelet analysis is used to isolate the observed vibration data. Spectral analysis and filtration of fragmented sections of the source signal are used in this approach. Fast Fourier transforms (FFT) and short-time Fo

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Красноруцький, А. О., О. В. Федоровський, and В. Ж. Ященок. "Method of description for the dynamics of the signal delay change in discrete time with changing aircraft position in space." Системи обробки інформації, no. 3(166) (September 24, 2021): 41–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.30748/soi.2021.166.04.

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The article presents an innovative approach to the description of the aircraft range parameter in discrete time when simulating the process of its repositioning in space. A method of describing the dynamics of changes in signal delay in discrete time when the aircraft is changing its spatial position is proposed. Such a model adequately describes the change in signal delay in discrete time. The direction of estimation for the adequacy of radio signal delay change simulation in algorithms of optimum filtration is defined in accordance with the aerodynamic properties of the aircraft. Simulation

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Leão, Dorival, Alberto Ohashi, and Francesco Russo. "Discrete-type approximations for non-Markovian optimal stopping problems: Part I." Journal of Applied Probability 56, no. 4 (2019): 981–1005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jpr.2019.57.

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AbstractWe present a discrete-type approximation scheme to solve continuous-time optimal stopping problems based on fully non-Markovian continuous processes adapted to the Brownian motion filtration. The approximations satisfy suitable variational inequalities which allow us to construct $\varepsilon$ -optimal stopping times and optimal values in full generality. Explicit rates of convergence are presented for optimal values based on reward functionals of path-dependent stochastic differential equations driven by fractional Brownian motion. In particular, the methodology allows us to design co

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Glazyrin, Yury E., Gleb G. Mironov, Anna S. Kichkailo, and Maxim V. Berezovski. "Separation Abilities of Capillary Electrophoresis Coupled with Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry for the Discrete Detection of Sequence Isomeric Peptides." Separations 9, no. 5 (2022): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/separations9050106.

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The separation and discrete detection of isomeric sequence peptides with similar properties are important tasks for analytical science. Three different peptide isomers of 12 amino-acid residues long, containing direct and reverse regions of the alanine-valine-proline-isoleucine (AVPI) motif, were partially separated and discretely detected from their mixture using two approaches. Capillary electrophoresis enabled the separation and optical detection of the peptide sequence isomers close to the baseline. The ability to separate these sequence isomers from the mixture and discretely identify the

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Glazyrin, Yury E., Gleb G. Mironov, Anna S. Kichkailo, and Maxim V. Berezovski. "Separation Abilities of Capillary Electrophoresis Coupled with Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry for the Discrete Detection of Sequence Isomeric Peptides." Separations 9, no. 5 (2022): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/separations9050106.

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The separation and discrete detection of isomeric sequence peptides with similar properties are important tasks for analytical science. Three different peptide isomers of 12 amino-acid residues long, containing direct and reverse regions of the alanine-valine-proline-isoleucine (AVPI) motif, were partially separated and discretely detected from their mixture using two approaches. Capillary electrophoresis enabled the separation and optical detection of the peptide sequence isomers close to the baseline. The ability to separate these sequence isomers from the mixture and discretely identify the

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19

Go, Hyeon Woo, Soo-Young Moon, Hyeon Soo Kim, So Ye Jang, Eun Byeol Kang, and Jin Chul Joo. "Evaluation of the Feasibility of Foam Glass as Filter Media in Rain Garden." Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers 44, no. 12 (2022): 603–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4491/ksee.2022.44.12.603.

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Objectives:In order to recycle and resource waste glass, the feasibility of foam glass as filter media was evaluated, and column experiments using foam glass media were conducted to confirm the applicability as filter media in rain garden. Through this experiment, various design factors to be considered can be derived in application of foam glass media in the rain garden.Methods:Sieve analysis and SEM/EDS analysis were conducted to confirm the physicochemical properties of the foam glass. Column experiments filled with only foam glass and mixtures of sand and foam glass were conducted to simul

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Popiński, Waldemar. "Statistical View on Phase and Magnitude Information in Signal Processing." Artificial Satellites 47, no. 3 (2012): 127–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10018-012-0018-6.

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Statistical View on Phase and Magnitude Information in Signal ProcessingIn this work the problem of reconstruction of an original complex-valued signalot,t= 0, 1, …,n- 1, from its Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) spectrum corrupted by random fluctuations of magnitude and/or phase is investigated. It is assumed that the magnitude and/or phase of discrete spectrum values are distorted by realizations of uncorrelated random variables. The obtained results of analysis of signal reconstruction from such distorted DFT spectra concern derivation of the expected values and bounds on variances of the r

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Thavaneswaran, A., and M. E. Thompson. "Optimal estimation for semimartingales." Journal of Applied Probability 23, no. 02 (1986): 409–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021900200029703.

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This paper extends a result of Godambe's theory of parametric estimation for discrete-time stochastic processes to the continuous-time case. LetP={P} be a family of probability measures such that (Ω,F, P) is complete, (Ft, t≧0) is a standard filtration, andX = (XtFt, t ≧ 0)is a semimartingale for everyP ∈ P. For a parameterθ(Ρ), supposeXt=Vt,θ+Ht,θwhere theVθprocess is predictable and locally of bounded variation and theHθprocess is a local martingale. Consider estimating equations forθof the formprocess is predictable. Under regularity conditions, an optimal form forαθin the sense of Godambe

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JEANBLANC, MONIQUE, and STOYAN VALCHEV. "PARTIAL INFORMATION AND HAZARD PROCESS." International Journal of Theoretical and Applied Finance 08, no. 06 (2005): 807–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219024905003232.

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This paper studies in some examples the role of information in a default-risk framework. We examine three types of information for a firm's unlevered asset value to the secondary bond market: the classical case of continuous and perfect information, observation of past and contemporaneous asset values at selected discrete times, and observation of contemporaneous asset value at discrete times. The third information filtration is contained in the second, which in turn, is contained in the first. We investigate the changes of the distributional properties of the default time and the properties o

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Thavaneswaran, A., and M. E. Thompson. "Optimal estimation for semimartingales." Journal of Applied Probability 23, no. 2 (1986): 409–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3214183.

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This paper extends a result of Godambe's theory of parametric estimation for discrete-time stochastic processes to the continuous-time case. Let P ={P} be a family of probability measures such that (Ω, F, P) is complete, (Ft, t≧0) is a standard filtration, and X = (Xt Ft, t ≧ 0) is a semimartingale for every P ∈ P. For a parameter θ (Ρ), suppose Xt = Vt,θ + Ht,θ where the Vθ process is predictable and locally of bounded variation and the Hθ process is a local martingale. Consider estimating equations for θ of the form process is predictable. Under regularity conditions, an optimal form for α θ

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Baigereyev, Dossan, Dinara Omariyeva, Nurlan Temirbekov, Yerlan Yergaliyev, and Kulzhamila Boranbek. "Numerical Method for a Filtration Model Involving a Nonlinear Partial Integro-Differential Equation." Mathematics 10, no. 8 (2022): 1319. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math10081319.

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In this paper, we propose an efficient numerical method for solving an initial boundary value problem for a coupled system of equations consisting of a nonlinear parabolic partial integro-differential equation and an elliptic equation with a nonlinear term. This problem has an important applied significance in petroleum engineering and finds application in modeling two-phase nonequilibrium fluid flows in a porous medium with a generalized nonequilibrium law. The construction of the numerical method is based on employing the finite element method in the spatial direction and the finite differen

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Чубич, Владимир Михайлович, and Светлана Олеговна Кулабухова. "Square-root algorithms for robust modifications of the continuous-discrete cubature Kalman filter." Вычислительные технологии, no. 3 (July 15, 2020): 88–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.25743/ict.2020.25.3.010.

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Предложены две устойчивые к ошибкам машинного округления и к аномальным данным квадратно-корневые модификации непрерывно-дискретного кубатурного фильтра Калмана, основанные на вариационном байесовском и коррентропийном подходах. Апробация разработанных алгоритмов на модельной задаче со случайным характером расположения аномальных наблюдений показала их работоспособность при сопоставимом качестве фильтрации. Подтверждена алгебраическая эквивалентность представленных квадратно-корневых и стандартных версий Rounding errors due to the finite length of machine word can significantly affect the qual

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Čiegis, R., M. Meilūnas, and A. Štikonas. "MATHEMATICAL MODELLING OF WATER FLOW IN PAPER PRESS MACHINES." Mathematical Modelling and Analysis 9, no. 4 (2004): 267–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13926292.2004.9637259.

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In this work, mathematical models of wet pressing of paper are studied. Our goal is to compare two mathematical models, which are developed for simulation of filtration processes in paper press machines. Both models were obtained from the same general model of the compressible porous medium, but different assumptions were used. Modified models are developed that describe water losses at the boundaries of the porous layer and the importance of this factor is investigated. Numerical algorithms are developed for simulation of the liquid movement in the deformable porous media. It is proved that t

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Hoekzema, Renee S., Lewis Marsh, Otto Sumray, et al. "Multiscale Methods for Signal Selection in Single-Cell Data." Entropy 24, no. 8 (2022): 1116. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e24081116.

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Analysis of single-cell transcriptomics often relies on clustering cells and then performing differential gene expression (DGE) to identify genes that vary between these clusters. These discrete analyses successfully determine cell types and markers; however, continuous variation within and between cell types may not be detected. We propose three topologically motivated mathematical methods for unsupervised feature selection that consider discrete and continuous transcriptional patterns on an equal footing across multiple scales simultaneously. Eigenscores (eigi) rank signals or genes based on

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Morkun, Natalia, Tetiana Oliinyk, Iryna Kasatkina, and Oleksandr Rytsko. "Adaptive control of ore mill charge." E3S Web of Conferences 123 (2019): 01038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201912301038.

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The system of mining operations does not enable long-lasting mining of single-type ores that causes instability of mineral materials intended for concentration. To solve the problem of controlling these processes on the basis of operating data on characteristics of processed raw materials, the method of controlling mill charge is suggested considering measurements of its output product. This method is based on correlation of the output product quantity and the rate of the mill charge. The process of the object’s operation is modeled, while time characteristics of the output controlled value an

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PAGÈS, GILLES, HUYÊN PHAM, and JACQUES PRINTEMS. "AN OPTIMAL MARKOVIAN QUANTIZATION ALGORITHM FOR MULTI-DIMENSIONAL STOCHASTIC CONTROL PROBLEMS." Stochastics and Dynamics 04, no. 04 (2004): 501–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219493704001231.

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We propose a probabilistic numerical method based on optimal quantization to solve some multi-dimensional stochastic control problems that arise, for example, in mathematical finance for portfolio optimization. We then consider some controlled diffusions with most components control free. The Euler scheme of the uncontrolled diffusion part is approximated by a discrete time process obtained by a nearest neighbor projection on some grids optimally fitted to its dynamics. The resulting process is also designed to preserve the Markov property with respect to the filtration of the Euler scheme. Th

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Shaffee, Siti Nur, Paul F. Luckham, Omar K. Matar, Aditya Karnik, and Mohd Shahrul Zamberi. "Numerical Investigation of Sand-Screen Performance in the Presence of Adhesive Effects for Enhanced Sand Control." SPE Journal 24, no. 05 (2019): 2195–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/195686-pa.

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Summary In many industrial processes, an effective particle–filtration system is essential for removing unwanted solids. The oil and gas industry has explored various technologies to control and manage excessive sand production, such as by installing sand screens or injecting consolidation chemicals in sand–prone wells as part of sand–management practices. However, for an unconsolidated sandstone formation, the selection and design of effective sand control remains a challenge. In recent years, the use of a computational technique known as the discrete–element method (DEM) has been explored to

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Tkacheshak, N. V., and М. І. Horbiichuk. "INVESTIGATION OF EXHAUSTING PHENOMENA OF GAS TURBINE ENGINE ON THE BASIS OF WAVELET ANALYSIS." Scientific Bulletin of Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil and Gas, no. 2(45) (November 27, 2018): 24–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.31471/1993-9965-2018-2(45)-24-33.

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The method for research of a gas turbine engine (GTE) surging phenomena based on wavelet analysis was developed. GTE DG-90 was chosen for research. A wavelet decomposition of the air pressure signal was carried out using a high pressure compressor and Dobeski, Symlet, Coffle and Meyer's discrete wavelet. The advantages and disadvantages of filtering properties of these wavelets were graphically represented in the form of amplitude-frequency characteristics. Based on the results obtained, a wavelet transform parameter selection scheme based on the analysis of the frequency response of wavelet f

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Marchenko, Olga, and Tetiana Samoilenko. "Constructing the Approximate Solution of Axisymmetric Problem on the Dynamics of Anisothermal Moisture Transfer." Cybernetics and Computer Technologies, no. 1 (March 31, 2020): 41–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.34229/2707-451x.20.1.5.

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Introduction. Calculation of dynamics of the anisothermal moisture transfer processes in axisymmetric formulation is essential in the study of wet soils condition around, for example, vertical drains, wells, piles, etc. In this paper, we formulate the initial boundary value problem for the system of moisture and heat transfer nonstationary equations. The problem is considered for isotropic medium in cylindrical coordinate system under the inhomogeneous mixed boundary conditions. The obtained results are important for future research in cylindrical coordinates of problems that model the migrati

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Wu, Songwei, Ming-Yuan Jian, Yan-Chun Xu та ін. "Ca2+ entry via α1G and TRPV4 channels differentially regulates surface expression of P-selectin and barrier integrity in pulmonary capillary endothelium". American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 297, № 4 (2009): L650—L657. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.00015.2009.

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Pulmonary vascular endothelial cells express a variety of ion channels that mediate Ca2+ influx in response to diverse environmental stimuli. However, it is not clear whether Ca2+ influx from discrete ion channels is functionally coupled to specific outcomes. Thus we conducted a systematic study in mouse lung to address whether the α1G T-type Ca2+ channel and the transient receptor potential channel TRPV4 have discrete functional roles in pulmonary capillary endothelium. We used real-time fluorescence imaging for endothelial cytosolic Ca2+, immunohistochemistry to probe for surface expression

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Byrski, Jędrzej, and Witold Byrski. "State estimators and observers for continuous and discrete linear systems. Part 1. Differential asymptotic state estimators." Science, Technology and Innovation 3, no. 2 (2018): 62–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.8169.

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In the paper an overview of state estimators and state observers used in linear systems, will be presented. The state estimators and observers can be used in many applications like the state reconstruction for the control purposes or for the diagnosis and fault detection in technical processes or for the virtual measurements of inaccessible variables of the system as well as for the best filtration of the differential equation solution. As the standard most commonly the Kalman filter and Luenberger type observers are used. Although the Kalman filter guarantees optimal filtering quality of the

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James-Curtis, B., and C. M. Wood. "KIDNEY AND URINARY BLADDER RESPONSES OF FRESHWATER RAINBOW TROUT TO ISOSMOTIC NaCl AND NaHCO3 INFUSION." Journal of Experimental Biology 173, no. 1 (1992): 181–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.173.1.181.

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The relative roles of the kidney and urinary bladder in ion, fluid and acid-base regulation were examined in freshwater rainbow trout chronically infused with either 140 mmol l-1 NaCl or 140 mmol l-1 NaHCO3 (3 ml kg-1 h-1) for 32 h. NaCl had a negligible effect on blood ionic and acid-base status, whereas NaHCO3 induced a metabolic alkalosis characterized by a rise in arterial pH and [HCO3-] and an equimolar fall in [Cl-]. Urine was collected via either an internal catheter, which bypassed bladder function, or an external urinary catheter, which collected naturally voided urine. As a percentag

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Amirfakhraei, Amirhossein, Jamshid Khorshidi, and Taleb Zarei. "A thermodynamic modeling of 2-bed adsorption desalination to promote main equipment performance." Journal of Water Reuse and Desalination 11, no. 1 (2021): 136–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wrd.2021.059.

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Abstract Adsorption desalination utilizes the discrete adsorption of the water vapor from the evaporator, and is capable of being discharged to the condenser. This study illuminated an advanced cycle of mass and heat recovery among beds, condensers, and evaporators. Morover, the thermodynamic modeling of adsorption desalination systems (ADS) under different operating conditions was investigated. Furthermore, its effect on the evaporator vapor production and the water vapor adsorption and desorption in the adsorption beds were accounted for. Parenthetically, the mathematical model of ADS thermo

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Langer, Stefan J., Rudolf Klute, and Hermann H. Hahn. "Mechanisms of floc formation in sludge conditioning with polymers." Water Science and Technology 30, no. 8 (1994): 129–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1994.0396.

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In flocculation of dilute suspensions a period of slow mixing is necessary to increase the probability of particle collisions that are necessary for flocculation to occur. When flocculating sludges, the collision frequency is so high that flocs are formed immediately after rapid mixing. However, controlled mixing of the flocculated sludge for some time period does improve dewaterability. The mechanisms that are involved have been studied in detail and the subject of this paper. The results show that after rapid mixing and initial floc formation there might still be polymer in solution, dependi

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Phillips, James A., and Samuel J. Smidt. "Modeling Improved Performance of Reduced-Height Biosand Water Filter Designs." Water 12, no. 5 (2020): 1337. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12051337.

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Point-of-use biosand water filters are widely distributed in undeveloped or developing regions due to their water treatment success and low-cost design, but two gaps remain in the basic technology: (1) the filter body is oversized relative to its contaminant removal performance, and (2) the heavy design largely excludes difficult to reach locations in need of clean water solutions. Here, we model design modifications to the v.10 Centre for Affordable Water and Sanitation Technology biosand filter using a reduced filter height, increased biolayer area, and conserved reservoir volume. We compare

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Shcherbak, Yakiv, Yurii Semenenko, Olexandr Semenenko, et al. "Synthesis of the transfer function of the voltage controller in an active filter-stabilizer converter." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 2, no. 2 (110) (2021): 71–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2021.229827.

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It has been established that in order to ensure effective filtration and stabilization of the voltage of DC traction substations, it is advisable to use active filters-stabilizers. The dynamic characteristics of an active filter-stabilizer have been analyzed taking into consideration its discrete properties. It has been shown that the voltage converter in an active filter-stabilizer with bilateral pulse-width modulation for small values of control signal increment is an amplitude-pulse modulator of the second kind. In order to improve the efficiency of using an active filter-stabilizer, which

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Knight, Sarah, Nicholas Morley, Dónal Leech, and Rachel Cave. "Mobile Voltammetric Laboratory for Ship-Board and Shore-Based Analyses of Dissolved Copper." Environmental Chemistry 3, no. 6 (2006): 450. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/en06047.

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Environmental Context. Determining concentrations of dissolved copper in seawater is of interest, because copper (i) affects the health of aquatic biota, and (ii) has the potential to act as a water mass tracer, a marker which can be used to follow the movement of water in oceans. In situ analyses of copper and other trace metals in seawater have become increasingly popular, because they circumvent potential contamination problems associated with sample collection, storage, and transport to off-site analysis locations. This paper describes the assembly of a low-cost, mobile laboratory utilizin

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Panfilov, Ivan, Alexey N. Beskopylny, and Besarion Meskhi. "Numerical Simulation of Heat Transfer and Spread of Virus Particles in the Car Interior." Mathematics 11, no. 3 (2023): 784. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math11030784.

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The epidemic caused by the coronavirus infection SARS-CoV-2 at the beginning of 2022 affected approximately 500 million people in all countries. The source of infection is the particles of the virus, which, when breathing, talking, and coughing, are released with the respiratory droplets and aerosol dust of an infected person. Actions aimed at combating and minimizing the consequences of coronavirus infection led to taking measures in scientific areas to investigate the processes of the spread of viral particles in the air, in ventilation, and air conditioning systems of premises and transport

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Deline, Bradley, William I. Ausich, and Carlton E. Brett. "Comparing taxonomic and geographic scales in the morphologic disparity of Ordovician through Early Silurian Laurentian crinoids." Paleobiology 38, no. 4 (2012): 538–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1666/11063.1.

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Interpretations of morphologic radiations and macroevolutionary patterns are dependent on a priori choices of taxonomic and geographic scales of study. The results of disparity analysis at varying taxonomic (species and genus) and geographic (regional, biofacies, and community) scales are examined in a study of Ordovician though Early Silurian crinoids. Using discrete morphologic characters, we examined the disparity of 421 crinoids from 65 Laurentian biofacies. Crinoid disparity differs when analyzed at the regional and biofacies levels. Regardless of fluctuations in regional crinoid disparit

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Balasubramanian, S., Mahaveer Singh Naruka, and Gaurav Tewari. "Denoising ECG Signal Using DWT with EAVO." International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication 11, no. 3s (2023): 231–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/ijritcc.v11i3s.6184.

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Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death across the world, and traditional methods for determining cardiac health are highly invasive and expensive. Detecting CVDs early is critical for effective treatment, yet traditional detection methods lack accessibility, accuracy, and cost-effectiveness – leaving patients with little hope of taking control of their own cardiac health. Noisy ECG signals make it difficult for health practitioners to accurately read and determine heart health. Unreliable readings can lead to misdiagnosis and needless expense. Despite the importance of ECG anal

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Liu, Keqi, Wantao Ding, and Chunxu Qu. "A Mesoscopic Viewpoint on Slurry Penetration and Pressure Transfer Mechanisms for Slurry Shield Tunneling." Buildings 12, no. 10 (2022): 1744. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12101744.

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The penetration characteristics of the slurry and the support pressure transfer mechanisms are critical to the tunnel face stability control during a mechanized excavation. In this paper, numerical calculations coupling computational fluid dynamics (CFD) with the discrete element method (DEM) are carried out to simulate sand column penetration tests considering different particle size ratios. The reasonableness of the numerical model is verified by comparing the variation patterns of the soil permeability coefficients monitored in the numerical tests with the results of existing laboratory tes

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Mesri, Mehdi, and Dario C. Altieri. "Endothelial Cell Activation by Leukocyte Microparticles." Journal of Immunology 161, no. 8 (1998): 4382–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.161.8.4382.

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Abstract The ability of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) to modulate endothelial cell (EC) activation was investigated. Adding PMNs to cultured HUVECs resulted in a release of IL-6 (888 ± 71 pg/ml, a 35-fold increase over release by the two cell types alone) and IL-8 (45.2 ± 14.5 ng/ml, a 6.4-fold over PMN release alone and a 173-fold increase over EC release alone). In contrast, the release of TNF-α, IL-1β, and platelet-derived growth factor was not affected by the EC-PMN coculture. Neutralizing mAbs to ICAM-1 or β2 integrins or a physical segregation of PMNs and ECs did not reduce EC stim

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Garzon, Max, Petr Sosik, Jan Drastík, and Omar Skalli. "A Self-Controlled and Self-Healing Model of Bacterial Cells." Membranes 12, no. 7 (2022): 678. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes12070678.

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A new kind of self-assembly model, morphogenetic (M) systems, assembles spatial units into larger structures through local interactions of simpler components and enables discovery of new principles for cellular membrane assembly, development, and its interface function. The model is based on interactions among three kinds of constitutive objects such as tiles and protein-like elements in discrete time and continuous 3D space. It was motivated by achieving a balance between three conflicting goals: biological, physical-chemical, and computational realism. A recent example is a unified model of

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Wang, Hao, Xinyuanrui Wang, Yongping Wu, et al. "Study of CFD-DEM on the Impact of the Rolling Friction Coefficient on Deposition of Lignin Particles in a Single Ceramic Membrane Pore." Membranes 13, no. 4 (2023): 382. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes13040382.

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The discrete element method coupled with the computational fluid dynamic (CFD-DEM) method is effective for studying the micro-flow process of lignin particles in ceramic membranes. Lignin particles may exhibit various shapes in industry, so it is difficult to model their real shapes in CFD-DEM coupled solutions. Meanwhile, the solution of non-spherical particles requires a very small time-step, which significantly lowers the computational efficiency. Based on this, we proposed a method to simplify the shape of lignin particles into spheres. However, the rolling friction coefficient during the

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Zhang, Xiuming, Tao Liu, and Chunhua Tian. "Artificial Intelligence Algorithm-Based Computed Tomography Image in Assessment of Acute Renal Insufficiency of Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention." Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging 2022 (February 28, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/2214583.

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This study was aimed to analyze the changes in renal function of patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) surgery and the characteristics of their computed tomography (CT) image based on artificial intelligence algorithms. In this study, 104 patients with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (CAHD) were treated as the research objects. They were divided into an experimental group (patients who underwent CAG and PCI within 1 week after enhanced coronary CT (ECCT)) and the control group (patients who underwent CAG and PCI within 1–3 weeks after ECCT). Renal imaging scans of

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Dritselis, Chris D., Fotini Tzorbatzoglou, Marios Mastrokalos, and Onoufrios Haralampous. "Numerical Study of Flow and Particle Deposition in Wall-Flow Filters with Intact or Damaged Exit." Fluids 4, no. 4 (2019): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fluids4040201.

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We examine the time-dependent three-dimensional gas-particle flow in an intact wall-flow filter consisting of channels alternatively plugged at each end and a partially damaged filter in which the rear plugs are removed. Our focus is placed on highlighting the differences in the flow pattern and the deposition process between the two geometries. The Navier–Stokes equations are solved for the fluid flow coupled with a Brinkman/Forchheimmer model in order to simulate the flow in the porous walls and plugs. Discrete particle simulation is utilized to determine the nanoparticle trajectories. Using

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Anosov, Andrey, Elizaveta Borisova, Elena Smirnova, Eugenia Korepanova, and Anatoly Osipov. "Effect of Cytochrome C on the Conductance of Asolectin Membranes and the Occurrence of Through Pores at Different pHs." Membranes 13, no. 3 (2023): 268. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes13030268.

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The study of the electrical parameters of asolectin bilayer lipid membranes in the presence of cytochrome c (cyt c) at various concentrations showed that an increase in the concentration of cyt c leads to an increase in the membrane conductance and the appearance of through pores. The studied membranes did not contain cardiolipin, which is commonly used in studying the effect of cyt c on membrane permeability. In the presence of cyt c, discrete current fluctuations were recorded. The occurrence of these fluctuations may be associated with the formation of through pores. The diameter of these p

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