Relevant bibliographies by topics / Discrete data analysis

Academic literature on the topic 'Discrete data analysis'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Discrete data analysis"

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Booth, James G. "Exact Analysis of Discrete Data." Journal of the American Statistical Association 102, no. 478 (June 2007): 764–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1198/jasa.2007.s193.

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Cooper, Philip J., and Mikel Aickin. "Linear Statistical Analysis of Discrete Data." Statistician 35, no. 3 (1986): 400. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2987766.

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Morris, Pamela, T. J. Santner, and D. E. Duffy. "The Statistical Analysis of Discrete Data." Mathematical Gazette 74, no. 470 (December 1990): 410. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3618176.

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Greenhouse, Samuel W., Thomas J. Santner, and Diane E. Duffy. "The Statistical Analysis of Discrete Data." Journal of the American Statistical Association 86, no. 415 (September 1991): 827. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2290426.

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Kenward, M. G., T. J. Santner, and D. E. Duffy. "The Statistical Analysis of Discrete Data." Biometrics 47, no. 3 (September 1991): 1200. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2532678.

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Wasserman, Stanley, and Dawn Iacobucci. "Statistical analysis of discrete relational data." British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology 39, no. 1 (May 1986): 41–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8317.1986.tb00844.x.

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Gart, John J. "Linear Statistical Analysis of Discrete Data." Technometrics 27, no. 3 (August 1985): 316–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00401706.1985.10488058.

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Simpson, Douglas G. "The Statistical Analysis of Discrete Data." Technometrics 33, no. 2 (May 1991): 242. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00401706.1991.10484818.

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Pedersen, L. B. "Geophysical data analysis: Discrete inverse theory." Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors 62, no. 3-4 (January 1990): 343. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0031-9201(90)90180-6.

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Beckerle, John C. "Geophysical data analysis: Discrete inverse theory." Tectonophysics 124, no. 3-4 (April 1986): 366–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(86)90212-x.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Discrete data analysis"

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Brinza, Dumitru. "Discrete Algorithms for Analysis of Genotype Data." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2007. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/cs_diss/19.

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Accessibility of high-throughput genotyping technology makes possible genome-wide association studies for common complex diseases. When dealing with common diseases, it is necessary to search and analyze multiple independent causes resulted from interactions of multiple genes scattered over the entire genome. The optimization formulations for searching disease-associated risk/resistant factors and predicting disease susceptibility for given case-control study have been introduced. Several discrete methods for disease association search exploiting greedy strategy and topological properties of case-control studies have been developed. New disease susceptibility prediction methods based on the developed search methods have been validated on datasets from case-control studies for several common diseases. Our experiments compare favorably the proposed algorithms with the existing association search and susceptibility prediction methods.
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Bagshaw, Richard William. "Production data analysis for discrete component manufacture." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313311.

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Solis-Trapala, Ivonne Lissette. "Likelihood methods for the analysis of discrete longitudinal data." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.615839.

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Moore, Page Casey Seaman John Weldon. "A restriction method for the analysis of discrete longitudinal missing data." Waco, Tex. : Baylor University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2104/4880.

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Günther, David [Verfasser], and Tino [Akademischer Betreuer] Weinkauf. "Topological analysis of discrete scalar data / David Günther. Betreuer: Tino Weinkauf." Saarbrücken : Saarländische Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1052779700/34.

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Wang, Yang. "High-order pattern discovery and analysis of discrete-valued data sets." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq22245.pdf.

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Lee, J. "Nonparametric structural analysis of discrete data : the quantile-based control function approach." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2010. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/516136/.

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The first chapter is introduction and Chapter 2 proposes formal frameworks for identifiability and testability of structural features allowing for set identification. The results in Chapter 2 are used in other chapters. The second section of Chapter 3, Chapter 4 and Chapter 5 contain new results. Chapter 3 has two sections. The first section introduces the quantile-based control function approach (QCFA) proposed by Chesher (2003) to compare and contrast other results in Chapter 4 and 5. The second section contains new findings on the local endogeneity bias and testability of endogeneity. Chapter 4 assumes that the structural relations are differentiable and applies the QCFA to several models for discrete outcomes. Chapter 4 reports point identification results of partial derivatives with respect to a continuously varying endogenous variable. Chapter 5 relaxes differentiability assumptions and apply the QCFA with an ordered discrete endogeneous variable. The model in Chapter 5 set identifies partial differences of a nonseparable structural function.
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Rao, Shaoqi. "Genetic Analysis of Sheep Discrete Reproductive Traits Using Simulation and Field Data." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30490.

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The applicability of restricted maximum likelihood (REML) in genetic analyses of categorical data was evaluated using simulation and field data. Four genetic models were used to simulate underlying phenotypic variates, which were derived as the sum of additive genetic and environmental effects (Model 1A and 1B) or additive genetic and permanent and temporary environmental effects (Model 2A and 2B). Fifty-eight replicates were simulated, each of which contained 5000 ewes by 500 sires and 5000 dams and with up to five records per ewe. The usual transformation of heritability estimated on the categorical scale to the normal scale for fertility and litter size performed better for a simple animal model than for a repeatability model. Genetic correlation estimates between the two categorical traits for Model 1B and 2B were .49 ± .01 and .48 ± .04, respectively, and were close to the expected value of .50. However, permanent and temporary environmental correlations whose input values were each .50 were underestimated with estimates of .41 ± .05 and .26 ± .03, respectively for Model 2B, and .33 ± .02 for the temporary environmental correlation for Model 1B. Bivariate genetic analyses of litter size with growth and fleece traits were carried out by REML for the data of Suffolk, Targhee and Polypay. Direct heritabilities for most growth traits in all the breeds were low (<.20). Maternal genetic and maternal permanent environmental effects were important for all body weights except for the weaning weight at 120 d for Polypay sheep. Estimates of heritability and permanent environmental effects for litter size for these breeds ranged from .09 to .12 and .00 to .05, respectively. Heritabilities for grease fleece weight and fiber diameter were high for Targhee and Polypay sheep. Direct genetic correlations between growth and litter size were favorable for Suffolk and Targhee but weak for Polypay sheep. Genetic correlations between maternal effects for growth and direct effects for litter size for the breeds were generally small. Within-trait maternal-direct genetic correlations for growth in the breeds were variable and generally negative. Direct genetic correlations of litter size with grease fleece weight and fiber diameter were variable across the breeds.
Ph. D.
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Gaumer, Madelyn. "Using Neural Networks to Classify Discrete Circular Probability Distributions." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2019. https://scholarship.claremont.edu/hmc_theses/226.

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Given the rise in the application of neural networks to all sorts of interesting problems, it seems natural to apply them to statistical tests. This senior thesis studies whether neural networks built to classify discrete circular probability distributions can outperform a class of well-known statistical tests for uniformity for discrete circular data that includes the Rayleigh Test1, the Watson Test2, and the Ajne Test3. Each neural network used is relatively small with no more than 3 layers: an input layer taking in discrete data sets on a circle, a hidden layer, and an output layer outputting probability values between 0 and 1, with 0 mapping to uniform and 1 mapping to nonuniform. In evaluating performances, I compare the accuracy, type I error, and type II error of this class of statistical tests and of the neural networks built to compete with them. 1 Jammalamadaka, S. Rao(1-UCSB-PB); SenGupta, A.(6-ISI-ASU)Topics in circular statistics. (English summary) With 1 IBM-PC floppy disk (3.5 inch; HD). Series on Multivariate Analysis, 5. World Scientific Publishing Co., Inc., River Edge, NJ, 2001. xii+322 pp. ISBN: 981-02-3778-2 2 Watson, G. S.Goodness-of-fit tests on a circle. II. Biometrika 49 1962 57–63. 3 Ajne, B.A simple test for uniformity of a circular distribution. Biometrika 55 1968 343–354.
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Freeland, R. Keith. "Statistical analysis of discrete time series with application to the analysis of workers' compensation claims data." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq27144.pdf.

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Books on the topic "Discrete data analysis"

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Hirji, Karim F. Exact analysis of discrete data. Boca Raton: Chapman & Hall/CRC, 2006.

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Friendly, Michael, David Meyer, and Achim Zeileis. Discrete Data Analysis with R. Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, 2016. | Series: Chapman & hall/CRC texts in statistical science series ; 120 | “A CRC title.”: Chapman and Hall/CRC, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b19022.

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Models for discrete data. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1999.

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E, Duffy Diane, ed. The statistical analysis of discrete data. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1989.

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Geophysical data analysis: Discrete inverse theory. San Diego: Academic Press, 1989.

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Geophysical data analysis: Discrete inverse theory. 3rd ed. Waltham, MA: Academic Press, 2012.

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Santner, Thomas J., and Diane E. Duffy. The Statistical Analysis of Discrete Data. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-1017-7.

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Genetic data analysis: Methods for discrete population genetic data. Sunderland, Mass: Sinauer Associates, 1990.

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Weir, B. S. Genetic data analysis II: Methods for discrete population genetic data. Sunderland, Mass: Sinauer Associates, 1996.

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Hirji, Karim F. Introduction to the exact analysis of discrete data. Boca Raton: Taylor & Francis Group, 2005.

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Book chapters on the topic "Discrete data analysis"

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Cleophas, Ton J., and Aeilko H. Zwinderman. "Discrete Data Analysis, Failure Time Data Analysis." In Understanding Clinical Data Analysis, 97–118. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39586-9_5.

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Heiberger, Richard M., and Burt Holland. "Bivariate Statistics—Discrete Data." In Statistical Analysis and Data Display, 539–76. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2122-5_15.

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Heiberger, Richard M., and Burt Holland. "Bivariate Statistics—Discrete Data." In Statistical Analysis and Data Display, 487–510. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-4284-8_15.

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Friendly, Michael, David Meyer, and Achim Zeileis. "Correspondence Analysis." In Discrete Data Analysis with R, 221–58. Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, 2016. | Series: Chapman & hall/CRC texts in statistical science series ; 120 | “A CRC title.”: Chapman and Hall/CRC, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b19022-8.

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Mattucci, Dino Alberto, Velio Macellari, Pietro Chistolini, and Gianluca Frustagli. "Discrete Simulations of Cadaver Kidney Allocation Schemes." In Medical Data Analysis, 225–33. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-39949-6_28.

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Santner, Thomas J., and Diane E. Duffy. "Univariate Discrete Responses." In The Statistical Analysis of Discrete Data, 21–112. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-1017-7_2.

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Karlis, Dimitris. "Mixture Modelling of Discrete Data." In Handbook of Mixture Analysis, 193–218. Boca Raton, Florida : CRC Press, [2019]: Chapman and Hall/CRC, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429055911-9.

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Clogg, Clifford C., and James W. Shockey. "Multivariate Analysis of Discrete Data." In Handbook of Multivariate Experimental Psychology, 337–65. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0893-5_10.

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Friendly, Michael, David Meyer, and Achim Zeileis. "Working with Categorical Data." In Discrete Data Analysis with R, 31–64. Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, 2016. | Series: Chapman & hall/CRC texts in statistical science series ; 120 | “A CRC title.”: Chapman and Hall/CRC, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b19022-3.

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Friendly, Michael, David Meyer, and Achim Zeileis. "Fitting and Graphing Discrete Distributions." In Discrete Data Analysis with R, 65–112. Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, 2016. | Series: Chapman & hall/CRC texts in statistical science series ; 120 | “A CRC title.”: Chapman and Hall/CRC, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b19022-4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Discrete data analysis"

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Feldkamp, Niclas, Soeren Bergmann, and Steffen Strassburger. "Online Analysis of Simulation Data with Stream-based Data Mining." In SIGSIM-PADS '17: SIGSIM Principles of Advanced Discrete Simulation. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3064911.3064915.

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Papadopoulou, Aleka A., and George M. Tsaklidis. "Discrete time semi-Markov models with fuzzy state space." In Recent Advances in Stochastic Modeling and Data Analysis. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812709691_0025.

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Crawford, Patrick, Peter D. Barnes Jr., Stephan J. Eidenbenz, and Philip A. Wilsey. "Sampling Simulation Model Profile Data for Analysis." In SIGSIM-PADS '18: SIGSIM Principles of Advanced Discrete Simulation. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3200921.3200944.

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Ellul, Natacha, Laurent Capocchi, and Jean-Francois Santucci. "Big Data Decision Making Based on Predictive Data Analysis Using DEVS Simulations." In SIGSIM-PADS '15: SIGSIM Principles of Advanced Discrete Simulation. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2769458.2769491.

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Pecherkova, Pavla, and Ivan Nagy. "Analysis of discrete data from traffic accidents." In 2017 Smart City Symposium Prague (SCSP). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/scsp.2017.7973843.

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Naithani, Ravindra, Thaisa Jawhly, and Ramesh Chandra Tiwari. "Discrete-time series analysis of rainfall data." In 2021 International Conference on Computational Performance Evaluation (ComPE). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/compe53109.2021.9752347.

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Seidel, Raimund. "Data-Specific Analysis of String Sorting." In Proceedings of the Twenty-First Annual ACM-SIAM Symposium on Discrete Algorithms. Philadelphia, PA: Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1137/1.9781611973075.102.

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Agarwal, Neha, Subodh Gupta, and Sandeep Gupta. "A comparative study on discrete wavelet transform with different methods." In 2016 Symposium on Colossal Data Analysis and Networking (CDAN). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cdan.2016.7570878.

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Marshall, Adele H., Louise Burns, and Barry Shaw. "Patient Activity in Hospital using Discrete Conditional Phase-type (DC-Ph) Models." In Recent Advances in Stochastic Modeling and Data Analysis. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812709691_0019.

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Chazal, Frédéric, Leonidas J. Guibas, Steve Y. Oudot, and Primoz Skraba. "Analysis of Scalar Fields over Point Cloud Data." In Proceedings of the Twentieth Annual ACM-SIAM Symposium on Discrete Algorithms. Philadelphia, PA: Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1137/1.9781611973068.111.

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Reports on the topic "Discrete data analysis"

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Wozniakowska, P., D. W. Eaton, C. Deblonde, A. Mort, and O. H. Ardakani. Identification of regional structural corridors in the Montney play using trend surface analysis combined with geophysical imaging, British Columbia and Alberta. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/328850.

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The Western Canada Sedimentary Basin (WCSB) is a mature oil and gas basin with an extraordinary endowment of publicly accessible data. It contains structural elements of varying age, expressed as folding, faulting, and fracturing, which provide a record of tectonic activity during basin evolution. Knowledge of the structural architecture of the basin is crucial to understand its tectonic evolution; it also provides essential input for a range of geoscientific studies, including hydrogeology, geomechanics, and seismic risk analysis. This study focuses on an area defined by the subsurface extent of the Triassic Montney Formation, a region of the WCSB straddling the border between Alberta and British Columbia, and covering an area of approximately 130,000 km2. In terms of regional structural elements, this area is roughly bisected by the east-west trending Dawson Creek Graben Complex (DCGC), which initially formed in the Late Carboniferous, and is bordered to the southwest by the Late Cretaceous - Paleocene Rocky Mountain thrust and fold belt (TFB). The structural geology of this region has been extensively studied, but structural elements compiled from previous studies exhibit inconsistencies arising from distinct subregions of investigation in previous studies, differences in the interpreted locations of faults, and inconsistent terminology. Moreover, in cases where faults are mapped based on unpublished proprietary data, many existing interpretations suffer from a lack of reproducibility. In this study, publicly accessible data - formation tops derived from well logs, LITHOPROBE seismic profiles and regional potential-field grids, are used to delineate regional structural elements. Where seismic profiles cross key structural features, these features are generally expressed as multi-stranded or en echelon faults and structurally-linked folds, rather than discrete faults. Furthermore, even in areas of relatively tight well control, individual fault structures cannot be discerned in a robust manner, because the spatial sampling is insufficient to resolve fault strands. We have therefore adopted a structural-corridor approach, where structural corridors are defined as laterally continuous trends, identified using geological trend surface analysis supported by geophysical data, that contain co-genetic faults and folds. Such structural trends have been documented in laboratory models of basement-involved faults and some types of structural corridors have been described as flower structures. The distinction between discrete faults and structural corridors is particularly important for induced seismicity risk analysis, as the hazard posed by a single large structure differs from the hazard presented by a corridor of smaller pre-existing faults. We have implemented a workflow that uses trend surface analysis based on formation tops, with extensive quality control, combined with validation using available geophysical data. Seven formations are considered, from the Late Cretaceous Basal Fish Scale Zone (BFSZ) to the Wabamun Group. This approach helped to resolve the problem of limited spatial extent of available seismic data and provided a broader spatial coverage, enabling the investigation of structural trends throughout the entirety of the Montney play. In total, we identified 34 major structural corridors and number of smaller-scale structures, for which a GIS shapefile is included as a digital supplement to facilitate use of these features in other studies. Our study also outlines two buried regional foreland lobes of the Rocky Mountain TFB, both north and south of the DCGC.
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Striuk, Andrii, Olena Rybalchenko, and Svitlana Bilashenko. Development and Using of a Virtual Laboratory to Study the Graph Algorithms for Bachelors of Software Engineering. [б. в.], November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/4462.

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The paper presents an analysis of the importance of studying graph algorithms, the reasons for the need to implement this project and its subsequent use. The existing analogues analysis is carried out, due to which a list of advantages and disadvantages is formed and taken into account in developing the virtual laboratory. A web application is created that clearly illustrates the work of graph algorithms, such as Depth-First Search, Dijkstra’s Shortest Path, Floyd- Warshall, Kruskal Minimum Cost Spanning Tree Algorithm. A simple and user- friendly interface is developed and it is supported by all popular browsers. The software product is provided with user registration and authorization functions, chat communication, personal cabinet editing and viewing the statistics on web- application use. An additional condition is taken into account at the design stage, namely the flexibility of the architecture, which envisaged the possibility of easy expansion of an existing functionality. Virtual laboratory is used at Kryvyi Rih National University to training students of specialty 121 Software Engineering in the disciplines “Algorithms and Data Structures” and “Discrete Structures”.
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Clausen, Jay, Susan Frankenstein, Jason Dorvee, Austin Workman, Blaine Morriss, Keran Claffey, Terrance Sobecki, et al. Spatial and temporal variance of soil and meteorological properties affecting sensor performance—Phase 2. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41780.

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An approach to increasing sensor performance and detection reliability for buried objects is to better understand which physical processes are dominant under certain environmental conditions. The present effort (Phase 2) builds on our previously published prior effort (Phase 1), which examined methods of determining the probability of detection and false alarm rates using thermal infrared for buried-object detection. The study utilized a 3.05 × 3.05 m test plot in Hanover, New Hampshire. Unlike Phase 1, the current effort involved removing the soil from the test plot area, homogenizing the material, then reapplying it into eight discrete layers along with buried sensors and objects representing targets of inter-est. Each layer was compacted to a uniform density consistent with the background undisturbed density. Homogenization greatly reduced the microscale soil temperature variability, simplifying data analysis. The Phase 2 study spanned May–November 2018. Simultaneous measurements of soil temperature and moisture (as well as air temperature and humidity, cloud cover, and incoming solar radiation) were obtained daily and recorded at 15-minute intervals and coupled with thermal infrared and electro-optical image collection at 5-minute intervals.
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Berney, Ernest, Naveen Ganesh, Andrew Ward, J. Newman, and John Rushing. Methodology for remote assessment of pavement distresses from point cloud analysis. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/40401.

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The ability to remotely assess road and airfield pavement condition is critical to dynamic basing, contingency deployment, convoy entry and sustainment, and post-attack reconnaissance. Current Army processes to evaluate surface condition are time-consuming and require Soldier presence. Recent developments in the area of photogrammetry and light detection and ranging (LiDAR) enable rapid generation of three-dimensional point cloud models of the pavement surface. Point clouds were generated from data collected on a series of asphalt, concrete, and unsurfaced pavements using ground- and aerial-based sensors. ERDC-developed algorithms automatically discretize the pavement surface into cross- and grid-based sections to identify physical surface distresses such as depressions, ruts, and cracks. Depressions can be sized from the point-to-point distances bounding each depression, and surface roughness is determined based on the point heights along a given cross section. Noted distresses are exported to a distress map file containing only the distress points and their locations for later visualization and quality control along with classification and quantification. Further research and automation into point cloud analysis is ongoing with the goal of enabling Soldiers with limited training the capability to rapidly assess pavement surface condition from a remote platform.
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Bedoya-Maya, Felipe, Lynn Scholl, Orlando Sabogal-Cardona, and Daniel Oviedo. Who uses Transport Network Companies?: Characterization of Demand and its Relationship with Public Transit in Medellín. Inter-American Development Bank, September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003621.

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Transport Network Companies (TNCs) have become a popular alternative for mobility due to their ability to provide on-demand flexible mobility services. By offering smartphone-based, ride-hailing services capable of satisfying specific travel needs, these modes have transformed urban mobility worldwide. However, to-date, few studies have examined the impacts in the Latin American context. This analysis is a critical first step in developing policies to promote efficient and sustainable transport systems in the Latin-American region. This research examines the factors affecting the adoption of on-demand ride services in Medellín, Colombia. It also explores whether these are substituting or competing with public transit. First, it provides a descriptive analysis in which we relate the usage of platform-based services with neighborhood characteristics, socioeconomic information of individuals and families, and trip-level details. Next, factors contributing to the election of platform-based services modeled using discrete choice models. The results show that wealthy and highly educated families with low vehicle availability are more likely to use TNCs compared to other groups in Medellín. Evidence also points at gender effects, with being female significantly increasing the probability of using a TNC service. Finally, we observe both transit complementary and substitution patterns of use, depending on the context and by whom the service is requested.
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Harris, L. B., P. Adiban, and E. Gloaguen. The role of enigmatic deep crustal and upper mantle structures on Au and magmatic Ni-Cu-PGE-Cr mineralization in the Superior Province. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/328984.

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Aeromagnetic and ground gravity data for the Canadian Superior Province, filtered to extract long wavelength components and converted to pseudo-gravity, highlight deep, N-S trending regional-scale, rectilinear faults and margins to discrete, competent mafic or felsic granulite blocks (i.e. at high angles to most regional mapped structures and sub-province boundaries) with little to no surface expression that are spatially associated with lode ('orogenic') Au and Ni-Cu-PGE-Cr occurrences. Statistical and machine learning analysis of the Red Lake-Stormy Lake region in the W Superior Province confirms visual inspection for a greater correlation between Au deposits and these deep N-S structures than with mapped surface to upper crustal, generally E-W trending, faults and shear zones. Porphyry Au, Ni, Mo and U-Th showings are also located above these deep transverse faults. Several well defined concentric circular to elliptical structures identified in the Oxford Stull and Island Lake domains along the S boundary of the N Superior proto-craton, intersected by N- to NNW striking extensional fractures and/or faults that transect the W Superior Province, again with little to no direct surface or upper crustal expression, are spatially associated with magmatic Ni-Cu-PGE-Cr and related mineralization and Au occurrences. The McFaulds Lake greenstone belt, aka. 'Ring of Fire', constitutes only a small, crescent-shaped belt within one of these concentric features above which 2736-2733 Ma mafic-ultramafic intrusions bodies were intruded. The Big Trout Lake igneous complex that hosts Cr-Pt-Pd-Rh mineralization west of the Ring of Fire lies within a smaller concentrically ringed feature at depth and, near the Ontario-Manitoba border, the Lingman Lake Au deposit, numerous Au occurrences and minor Ni showings, are similarly located on concentric structures. Preliminary magnetotelluric (MT) interpretations suggest that these concentric structures appear to also have an expression in the subcontinental lithospheric mantle (SCLM) and that lithospheric mantle resistivity features trend N-S as well as E-W. With diameters between ca. 90 km to 185 km, elliptical structures are similar in size and internal geometry to coronae on Venus which geomorphological, radar, and gravity interpretations suggest formed above mantle upwellings. Emplacement of mafic-ultramafic bodies hosting Ni-Cr-PGE mineralization along these ringlike structures at their intersection with coeval deep transverse, ca. N-S faults (viz. phi structures), along with their location along the margin to the N Superior proto-craton, are consistent with secondary mantle upwellings portrayed in numerical models of a mantle plume beneath a craton with a deep lithospheric keel within a regional N-S compressional regime. Early, regional ca. N-S faults in the W Superior were reactivated as dilatational antithetic (secondary Riedel/R') sinistral shears during dextral transpression and as extensional fractures and/or normal faults during N-S shortening. The Kapuskasing structural zone or uplift likely represents Proterozoic reactivation of a similar deep transverse structure. Preservation of discrete faults in the deep crust beneath zones of distributed Neoarchean dextral transcurrent to transpressional shear zones in the present-day upper crust suggests a 'millefeuille' lithospheric strength profile, with competent SCLM, mid- to deep, and upper crustal layers. Mechanically strong deep crustal felsic and mafic granulite layers are attributed to dehydration and melt extraction. Intra-crustal decoupling along a ductile décollement in the W Superior led to the preservation of early-formed deep structures that acted as conduits for magma transport into the overlying crust and focussed hydrothermal fluid flow during regional deformation. Increase in the thickness of semi-brittle layers in the lower crust during regional metamorphism would result in an increase in fracturing and faulting in the lower crust, facilitating hydrothermal and carbonic fluid flow in pathways linking SCLM to the upper crust, a factor explaining the late timing for most orogenic Au. Results provide an important new dataset for regional prospectively mapping, especially with machine learning, and exploration targeting for Au and Ni-Cr-Cu-PGE mineralization. Results also furnish evidence for parautochthonous development of the S Superior Province during plume-related rifting and cannot be explained by conventional subduction and arc-accretion models.
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7

Droogan, Julian, Lise Waldek, Brian Ballsun-Stanton, and Jade Hutchinson. Mapping a Social Media Ecosystem: Outlinking on Gab & Twitter Amongst the Australian Far-right Milieu. RESOLVE Network, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37805/remve2022.6.

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Attention to the internet and the online spaces in which violent extremists interact and spread content has increased over the past decades. More recently, that attention has shifted from understanding how groups like the self-proclaimed Islamic State use the internet to spread propaganda to understanding the broader internet environment and, specifically, far-right violent extremist activities within it. This focus on how far right violent extremist—including far-right racially and ethnically motivated violent extremists (REMVEs) within them—create, use, and exploit the online networks in which they exist to promote their hateful ideology and reach has largely focused on North America and Europe. However, in recent years, examinations of those online dynamics elsewhere, including in Australia, is increasing. Far right movements have been active in Australia for decades. While these movements are not necessarily extremist nor violent, understanding how violent far right extremists and REMVEs interact within or seek to exploit these broader communities is important in further understanding the tactics, reach, and impact of REMVEs in Australia. This is particularly important in the online space access to broader networks of individuals and ideas is increasingly expanding. Adding to a steadily expanding body of knowledge examining online activities and networks of both broader far right as well as violent extremist far right populations in Australia, this paper presents a data-driven examination of the online ecosystems in which identified Australian far-right violent extremists exist and interact,1 as mapped by user generated uniform resource locators (URL), or ‘links’, to internet locations gathered from two online social platforms—Twitter and Gab. This link-based analysis has been used in previous studies of online extremism to map the platforms and content shared in online spaces and provide further detail on the online ecosystems in which extremists interact. Data incorporating the links was automatically collected from Twitter and Gab posts from users existing within the online milieu in which those identified far right extremists were connected. The data was collected over three discrete one-month periods spanning 2019, the year in which an Australian far right violent extremist carried out the Christchurch attack. Networks of links expanding out from the Twitter and Gab accounts were mapped in two ways to explore the extent and nature of the online ecosystems in which these identified far right Australian violent extremists are connected, including: To map the extent and nature of these ecosystems (e.g., the extent to which other online platforms are used and connected to one another), the project mapped where the most highly engaged links connect out to (i.e., website domain names), and To explore the nature of content being spread within those ecosystems, what sorts of content is found at the end of the most highly engaged links. The most highly engaged hashtags from across this time are also presented for additional thematic analysis. The mapping of links illustrated the interconnectedness of a social media ecosystem consisting of multiple platforms that were identified as having different purposes and functions. Importantly, no links to explicitly violent or illegal activity were identified among the top-most highly engaged sites. The paper discusses the implications of the findings in light of this for future policy, practice, and research focused on understanding the online ecosystems in which identified REMVE actors are connected and the types of thematic content shared and additional implications in light of the types of non-violent content shared within them.
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8

Chamovitz, Daniel A., and Xing-Wang Deng. Developmental Regulation and Light Signal Transduction in Plants: The Fus5 Subunit of the Cop9 Signalosome. United States Department of Agriculture, September 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2003.7586531.bard.

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Plants adjust their growth and development in a manner optimal for the prevailing light conditions. The molecular mechanisms by which light signals are transduced and integrated with other environmental and developmental signals are an area of intense research. (Batschauer, 1999; Quail, 2002) One paradigm emerging from this work is the interconnectedness of discrete physiological responses at the biochemical level, for instance, between auxin and light signaling (Colon-Carmona et al., 2000; Schwechheimer and Deng, 2001; Tian and Reed, 1999) and between light signaling and plant pathogen interactions (Azevedo et al., 2002; Liu et al., 2002). The COP9 signalosome (CSN) protein complex has a central role in the light control of plant development. Arabidopsis mutants that lack this complex develop photomorphogenically even in the absence of light signals (reviewed in (Karniol and Chamovitz, 2000; Schwechheimer and Deng, 2001). Thus the CSN was hypothesized to be a master repressor of photomorphogenesis in darkness, and light acts to bypass or eliminate this repression. However, the CSN regulates more than just photomorphogenesis as all mutants lacking this complex die near the end of seedling development. Moreover, an essentially identical complex was subsequently discovered in animals and yeast, organisms whose development is not light responsive, exemplifying how plant science can lead the way to exciting discoveries in biomedical model species (Chamovitz and Deng, 1995; Freilich et al., 1999; Maytal-Kivity et al., 2002; Mundt et al., 1999; Seeger et al., 1998; Wei et al., 1998). Our long-term objective is to determine mechanistically how the CSN controls plant development. We previously that this complex contains eight subunits (Karniol et al., 1998; Serino et al., 1999) and that the 27 ilia subunit is encoded by the FUS5/CSN7 locus (Karniol et al., 1999). The CSN7 subunit also has a role extraneous to the COP9 signalosome, and differential kinase activity has been implicated in regulating CSN7 and the COP9 signalosome (Karniol et al., 1999). In the present research, we further analyzed CSN7, both in terms of interacting proteins and in terms of kinases that act on CSN7. Furthermore we completed our analysis of the CSN in Arabidopsis by analyzing the remaining subunits. Outline of Original Objectives and Subsequent Modifications The general goal of the proposed research was to study the CSN7 (FUS5) subunit of the COP9 signalosome. To this end we specifically intended to: 1. Identify the residues of CSN7 that are phosphorylated. 2. Monitor the phosphorylation of CSN7 under different environmental conditions and under different genetic backgrounds. 3. Generate transgenic plants with altered CSN7 phosphorylation sites. 4. Purify CSN7 kinase from cauliflower. 5. Clone the Arabidopsis cDNA encoding CSN7 kinase 6. Isolate and characterize additional CSN7 interacting proteins. 7. Characterize the interaction of CSN7 and the COP9 signalosome with the HY5-COP1 transcriptional complex. Throughout the course of the research, emphasis shifted from studying CSN7 phosphorylation (Goals 1-3), to studying the CSN7 kinase (Goal 4 and 5), an in depth analysis of CSN7 interactions (Goal 6), and the study of additional CSN subunits. Goal 7 was also abandoned as no data was found to support this interaction.
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9

Rankin, Nicole, Deborah McGregor, Candice Donnelly, Bethany Van Dort, Richard De Abreu Lourenco, Anne Cust, and Emily Stone. Lung cancer screening using low-dose computed tomography for high risk populations: Investigating effectiveness and screening program implementation considerations: An Evidence Check rapid review brokered by the Sax Institute (www.saxinstitute.org.au) for the Cancer Institute NSW. The Sax Institute, October 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.57022/clzt5093.

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Background Lung cancer is the number one cause of cancer death worldwide.(1) It is the fifth most commonly diagnosed cancer in Australia (12,741 cases diagnosed in 2018) and the leading cause of cancer death.(2) The number of years of potential life lost to lung cancer in Australia is estimated to be 58,450, similar to that of colorectal and breast cancer combined.(3) While tobacco control strategies are most effective for disease prevention in the general population, early detection via low dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening in high-risk populations is a viable option for detecting asymptomatic disease in current (13%) and former (24%) Australian smokers.(4) The purpose of this Evidence Check review is to identify and analyse existing and emerging evidence for LDCT lung cancer screening in high-risk individuals to guide future program and policy planning. Evidence Check questions This review aimed to address the following questions: 1. What is the evidence for the effectiveness of lung cancer screening for higher-risk individuals? 2. What is the evidence of potential harms from lung cancer screening for higher-risk individuals? 3. What are the main components of recent major lung cancer screening programs or trials? 4. What is the cost-effectiveness of lung cancer screening programs (include studies of cost–utility)? Summary of methods The authors searched the peer-reviewed literature across three databases (MEDLINE, PsycINFO and Embase) for existing systematic reviews and original studies published between 1 January 2009 and 8 August 2019. Fifteen systematic reviews (of which 8 were contemporary) and 64 original publications met the inclusion criteria set across the four questions. Key findings Question 1: What is the evidence for the effectiveness of lung cancer screening for higher-risk individuals? There is sufficient evidence from systematic reviews and meta-analyses of combined (pooled) data from screening trials (of high-risk individuals) to indicate that LDCT examination is clinically effective in reducing lung cancer mortality. In 2011, the landmark National Lung Cancer Screening Trial (NLST, a large-scale randomised controlled trial [RCT] conducted in the US) reported a 20% (95% CI 6.8% – 26.7%; P=0.004) relative reduction in mortality among long-term heavy smokers over three rounds of annual screening. High-risk eligibility criteria was defined as people aged 55–74 years with a smoking history of ≥30 pack-years (years in which a smoker has consumed 20-plus cigarettes each day) and, for former smokers, ≥30 pack-years and have quit within the past 15 years.(5) All-cause mortality was reduced by 6.7% (95% CI, 1.2% – 13.6%; P=0.02). Initial data from the second landmark RCT, the NEderlands-Leuvens Longkanker Screenings ONderzoek (known as the NELSON trial), have found an even greater reduction of 26% (95% CI, 9% – 41%) in lung cancer mortality, with full trial results yet to be published.(6, 7) Pooled analyses, including several smaller-scale European LDCT screening trials insufficiently powered in their own right, collectively demonstrate a statistically significant reduction in lung cancer mortality (RR 0.82, 95% CI 0.73–0.91).(8) Despite the reduction in all-cause mortality found in the NLST, pooled analyses of seven trials found no statistically significant difference in all-cause mortality (RR 0.95, 95% CI 0.90–1.00).(8) However, cancer-specific mortality is currently the most relevant outcome in cancer screening trials. These seven trials demonstrated a significantly greater proportion of early stage cancers in LDCT groups compared with controls (RR 2.08, 95% CI 1.43–3.03). Thus, when considering results across mortality outcomes and early stage cancers diagnosed, LDCT screening is considered to be clinically effective. Question 2: What is the evidence of potential harms from lung cancer screening for higher-risk individuals? The harms of LDCT lung cancer screening include false positive tests and the consequences of unnecessary invasive follow-up procedures for conditions that are eventually diagnosed as benign. While LDCT screening leads to an increased frequency of invasive procedures, it does not result in greater mortality soon after an invasive procedure (in trial settings when compared with the control arm).(8) Overdiagnosis, exposure to radiation, psychological distress and an impact on quality of life are other known harms. Systematic review evidence indicates the benefits of LDCT screening are likely to outweigh the harms. The potential harms are likely to be reduced as refinements are made to LDCT screening protocols through: i) the application of risk predication models (e.g. the PLCOm2012), which enable a more accurate selection of the high-risk population through the use of specific criteria (beyond age and smoking history); ii) the use of nodule management algorithms (e.g. Lung-RADS, PanCan), which assist in the diagnostic evaluation of screen-detected nodules and cancers (e.g. more precise volumetric assessment of nodules); and, iii) more judicious selection of patients for invasive procedures. Recent evidence suggests a positive LDCT result may transiently increase psychological distress but does not have long-term adverse effects on psychological distress or health-related quality of life (HRQoL). With regards to smoking cessation, there is no evidence to suggest screening participation invokes a false sense of assurance in smokers, nor a reduction in motivation to quit. The NELSON and Danish trials found no difference in smoking cessation rates between LDCT screening and control groups. Higher net cessation rates, compared with general population, suggest those who participate in screening trials may already be motivated to quit. Question 3: What are the main components of recent major lung cancer screening programs or trials? There are no systematic reviews that capture the main components of recent major lung cancer screening trials and programs. We extracted evidence from original studies and clinical guidance documents and organised this into key groups to form a concise set of components for potential implementation of a national lung cancer screening program in Australia: 1. Identifying the high-risk population: recruitment, eligibility, selection and referral 2. Educating the public, people at high risk and healthcare providers; this includes creating awareness of lung cancer, the benefits and harms of LDCT screening, and shared decision-making 3. Components necessary for health services to deliver a screening program: a. Planning phase: e.g. human resources to coordinate the program, electronic data systems that integrate medical records information and link to an established national registry b. Implementation phase: e.g. human and technological resources required to conduct LDCT examinations, interpretation of reports and communication of results to participants c. Monitoring and evaluation phase: e.g. monitoring outcomes across patients, radiological reporting, compliance with established standards and a quality assurance program 4. Data reporting and research, e.g. audit and feedback to multidisciplinary teams, reporting outcomes to enhance international research into LDCT screening 5. Incorporation of smoking cessation interventions, e.g. specific programs designed for LDCT screening or referral to existing community or hospital-based services that deliver cessation interventions. Most original studies are single-institution evaluations that contain descriptive data about the processes required to establish and implement a high-risk population-based screening program. Across all studies there is a consistent message as to the challenges and complexities of establishing LDCT screening programs to attract people at high risk who will receive the greatest benefits from participation. With regards to smoking cessation, evidence from one systematic review indicates the optimal strategy for incorporating smoking cessation interventions into a LDCT screening program is unclear. There is widespread agreement that LDCT screening attendance presents a ‘teachable moment’ for cessation advice, especially among those people who receive a positive scan result. Smoking cessation is an area of significant research investment; for instance, eight US-based clinical trials are now underway that aim to address how best to design and deliver cessation programs within large-scale LDCT screening programs.(9) Question 4: What is the cost-effectiveness of lung cancer screening programs (include studies of cost–utility)? Assessing the value or cost-effectiveness of LDCT screening involves a complex interplay of factors including data on effectiveness and costs, and institutional context. A key input is data about the effectiveness of potential and current screening programs with respect to case detection, and the likely outcomes of treating those cases sooner (in the presence of LDCT screening) as opposed to later (in the absence of LDCT screening). Evidence about the cost-effectiveness of LDCT screening programs has been summarised in two systematic reviews. We identified a further 13 studies—five modelling studies, one discrete choice experiment and seven articles—that used a variety of methods to assess cost-effectiveness. Three modelling studies indicated LDCT screening was cost-effective in the settings of the US and Europe. Two studies—one from Australia and one from New Zealand—reported LDCT screening would not be cost-effective using NLST-like protocols. We anticipate that, following the full publication of the NELSON trial, cost-effectiveness studies will likely be updated with new data that reduce uncertainty about factors that influence modelling outcomes, including the findings of indeterminate nodules. Gaps in the evidence There is a large and accessible body of evidence as to the effectiveness (Q1) and harms (Q2) of LDCT screening for lung cancer. Nevertheless, there are significant gaps in the evidence about the program components that are required to implement an effective LDCT screening program (Q3). Questions about LDCT screening acceptability and feasibility were not explicitly included in the scope. However, as the evidence is based primarily on US programs and UK pilot studies, the relevance to the local setting requires careful consideration. The Queensland Lung Cancer Screening Study provides feasibility data about clinical aspects of LDCT screening but little about program design. The International Lung Screening Trial is still in the recruitment phase and findings are not yet available for inclusion in this Evidence Check. The Australian Population Based Screening Framework was developed to “inform decision-makers on the key issues to be considered when assessing potential screening programs in Australia”.(10) As the Framework is specific to population-based, rather than high-risk, screening programs, there is a lack of clarity about transferability of criteria. However, the Framework criteria do stipulate that a screening program must be acceptable to “important subgroups such as target participants who are from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, people from disadvantaged groups and people with a disability”.(10) An extensive search of the literature highlighted that there is very little information about the acceptability of LDCT screening to these population groups in Australia. Yet they are part of the high-risk population.(10) There are also considerable gaps in the evidence about the cost-effectiveness of LDCT screening in different settings, including Australia. The evidence base in this area is rapidly evolving and is likely to include new data from the NELSON trial and incorporate data about the costs of targeted- and immuno-therapies as these treatments become more widely available in Australia.
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RESEARCH PROGRESS ON FATIGUE PROPERTIES OF THE HIGHPERFORMANCE STEEL AND CONNECTION FORMS. The Hong Kong Institute of Steel Construction, August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18057/icass2020.p.196.

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This paper reviews the current research status of fatigue performance of high-strength steels, introduces the basic theory of fatigue life and current design methods, the fatigue test data of a large number of high-strength steels are statistically collected, and the fatigue properties of high-strength steel base material and different connection structures are analyzed and evaluated. The research results show that high-strength steels with yield strength greater than 420MPa show better fatigue resistance, and the fatigue strength is significantly higher than the calculated value. The design curve of the code is conservative, which underestimates the fatigue resistance of the steel. The fatigue strength of the highstrength steel weld joints is increased by a small margin, and it is in good agreement with the AISC360 and EC3 code curves. Due to the influence of welding quality and welding process, the data is more discrete and requires more test data to support. Fatigue strength of bolted connections is affected by many factors such as bolt preload, friction surface treatment process, and hole formation methods. Studies have shown that AISC360 and BS7608 design curves are suitable for fatigue life analysis of Q460 bolted connections, and for fatigue performance calculations for Q690 steel bolted connections, the normative approach is conservative. With the increasing application of high-strength steels, the current code needs to be supplemented with the latest research results and engineering experience of new materials in a timely manner.
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