Dissertations / Theses: 'Discours affectif'

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Sahraoui, Fehd Adnane. "Représentations de la terreur après les attentats de Paris : analyse lexicale et grammaticale des quotidiens de la presse nationale et régionale en France." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022LORR0015.

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L'émotion tient indéniablement une place primordiale dans la construction du discours médiatique post-attentat. Elle a fait l'objet d'étude d'une multitude de recherches linguistiques s'intéressant aussi bien à la catégorisation lexicale de celle-ci qu'aux différentes structures actantielles. Nous proposons cette réflexion sur les observables de l'émotion de peur dans le discours journalistique en assurant la prise en compte des dimensions grammaticales et sémio-narratives de la peur et ses modes de sémiotisation.Notre thèse, pour l'essentiel, sera centrée sur les modalités de manifestation de l'émotion suscitée par les attaques du 13 novembre à Paris dans le discours journalistique parisienne et national. La presse, lorsqu'elle aborde la terreur d'un acte terroriste, fait appel à des outils à caractère aussi bien informatif qu'immersif. Le journal se trouve donc pris entre une contrainte de crédibilité et d'objectivité d'une part, et d'autre part, une contrainte de captation émotionnelle du lecteur, i.e. le sujet informant doit raconter l'attentat selon un mode discursif assurant une description minutieuse des faits créant « un effet d'objectivité », et aussi selon un mode descriptif dramatisant susceptible de produire une émotion de peur. L'un des défis de la présente thèse est l'observabilité de l'effet pathémique lorsque celui-ci ne se base pas sur un ancrage lexical.Le présent travail se veut donc une réflexion sur des moyens verbaux et non verbaux mobilisés dans le discours de la presse post-attentat permettant la sémiotisation de l'émotion de peur. Autrement dit, la thèse se propose de comprendre les paramètres syntaxico-sémantiques et sémio-narratives pouvant rendre une émotion de peur manifeste lorsqu'il s'agit d'un événement terroriste frappant en plein Paris.À travers cette thèse, nous voudrions dessiner des pistes de réflexions nouvelles sur les différentes modalités de sémiotisation de l'émotion dans le discours de la presse, pour déchiffrer le contenu des textes et des images, non seulement en fonction du phénomène de dénotation mais aussi en fonction des faits connotatifs
Emotion clearly holds a primordial place in the construction of post-attack media discourse. It has been the subject of multitude studies in of linguistic research focusing both on its lexical categorization and on the various actantial structures. We proposed this reflection on the observables of the emotion of fear in journalistic discourse by ensuring that the grammatical and semio-narrative dimensions of fear and its modes of semiotization are taken into account.Our thesis, for the most part, will focus on the modalities of manifestation of the emotion caused by the attacks of November 13 in Paris in Parisian and national journalistic discourse. When the press talk about the terror of a terrorist act, it uses both informative and immersive tools. The newspaper therefore finds itself caught between firstly a constraint of credibility and objectivity and secondly a constraint of an emotional capture of the reader, i.e. the informant must tell the attack according to a discursive mode that assures a rigorous description of the facts by creating “an effect of objectivity”, and also according to a dramatizing descriptive mode expected to produce an emotion of fear. One of the challenges of this thesis is the observability of the pathemic effect when it is not based on a lexical anchoring.The present work is therefore intended to be a reflection on the verbal and non-verbal means mobilized in the discourse of the post-attack press allowing the semiotization of the emotion of fear. In other words, the thesis aims to understand the syntactic-semantic and semio-narrative parameters that can make an emotion of fear manifested when it comes to a terrorist event striking in the middle of Paris.Through this thesis, we would like to draw new avenues of reflections on the different modalities of the semiotization of emotion in the discourse of the press to decipher the content of texts and images. Not only according to the phenomenon of denotation but also according to the connotative facts

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Raineri, Sophie. "Analyse contrastive français-anglais du passif dans une perspective constructionnelle : Sens et fonction de BE Ven, ETRE Vé, GET Ven et SE FAIRE Ver." Phd thesis, Université de la Sorbonne nouvelle - Paris III, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00841659.

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Cette thèse présente une réflexion sur quatre formes passives anglaises et françaises : les passifs canoniques en BE Ven et ETRE Vé et leurs concurrents respectifs en GET Ven et SE FAIRE Ver. Dans une perspective constructionnelle, ce travail consiste en un nouvel examen de leurs propriétés sémantiques et fonctionnelles. A partir de l'étude d'un corpus de 1235 énoncés en BE Ven, ETRE Vé, GET Ven et SE FAIRE Ver extraits d'articles scientifiques, d'articles de presse et de sites Internet [blogs, forums, etc.], on a pu montrer que ces quatre formes possèdent un sens qui n'est pas entièrement prévisible à partir de leurs éléments [grammaticaux et lexicaux] constitutifs et sont conventionnellement attachées à des fonctions pragmatico-discursives spécifiques. Par conséquent, elles ne sont pas de simples agencements syntaxiques mais des " constructions ", au sens où les Grammaires de Construction l'entendent, c'est-à-dire des appariements conventionnels entre une forme, un sens et des fonctions. D'autre part, l'analyse a révélé que GET Ven et SE FAIRE Ver expriment un sens différent de celui de BE Ven et ETRE Vé, qui est lié à des fonctions différentes dans les domaines de l'organisation de l'information et de la relation interpersonnelle établie en discours et explique leur affinité avec des types de discours interactionnels et expressifs, par opposition aux discours factuels impersonnels associés aux passifs canoniques. Enfin, on a montré que les deux constructions passives françaises étaient soumises à des contraintes syntaxiques et sémantiques plus strictes que les constructions homologues anglaises.

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Paraskeva, Stella. "Le traitement des émotions dans la dépression : composante neurovégétative et discursive." Paris 8, 2007. http://octaviana.fr/document/135533317#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.

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Cette recherche porte sur l'étude du traitement des émotions dans la dépression endogène au niveau neuro-végétatif et au niveau discursif en induisant expérimentalement un état émotionnel chez les participants. Les données électrodermales des témoins renforcent la thèse d'une spécialisation différentielle des hémisphères dans le processus émotionnel. L'ensemble de nos résultats neuro-végétatifs et discursifs met en évidence que les sujets déprimés se caractérisent par une tendance à réduire leur réponse émotionnelle tant au niveau neuro-végétatif qu'au niveau discursif face à de fortes intensités de stimulation. L'hyporéactivité affective pourrait traduire un mécanisme adaptatif et défensif destiné à protéger le moi, une "hibernation émotionnelle" globale pour étouffer des affects et des sensations qui risqueraient de le submerger
This research focuses on the study of emotional treatment in endogenous depression at the neurovegetative and discursive level by experimentally inducing emotional stimuli to all participants. The electrodermal data of the control group support the argument of a differential hemispheric specialisation in emotional process. The neurovegetative and discursive results provide evidence of a common tendency of depressive patients characterised by the reduction of emotional response at both levels, neurovegetative and discursive, when they are subjected to strong emotional stimulations. The affective hyporeactivity could explain an adaptive and defensive mechanism of self-protection, a global "emotional hibernation" in order to suffocate affects and sensations that could risk overwhelming the depressed individual

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Leverett, Stephen. "Men and antenatal pedagogy : discourse, subject positions and affect." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2013. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/56523/.

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Antenatal education classes are a popular source of learning and support related to labour, birth and early parenthood for pregnant women and their partners. Although in the UK National Health Service (NHS) classes are the most frequently attended, the National Childbirth Trust (NCT), a registered charity involved in political lobbying, teaching and support related to maternity issues, offers a widely available alternative. The involvement of male partners within NCT antenatal education has raised questions, addressed in this study, as to how the male pedagogic subject is produced, recognised and realised within the instructional practice of NCT teachers, and the purpose it serves. Concepts drawn from Basil Bernstein’s theory of the pedagogic device influenced an empirical investigation that involved observing participants at an NCT antenatal course, combined with interviewing three antenatal teachers and analysis of official texts. The analysis helped identify the distinctive voice of the NCT, which sits in opposition to the prevailing medical and technical childbirth discourse. Analysis of the interview and observation data revealed how teachers recontextualised this discourse, in line with their own views and affective influences, to produce individually unique pedagogies, which in turn were found to produce and regulate specific subject positions for men during childbirth and the early days of fatherhood. The men’s recognition and realisation of subject positions was found to relate to the relationships and contexts produced by the pedagogy and their own affective coping strategies. The study adds to existing understandings of the transition to fatherhood and the relationship between discourse, pedagogy and subjectivities, and it proposes emergent theory about potential affective influences during the recontextualisation of pedagogic discourse. The findings also contribute to the development and practice of antenatal education for men.

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von, Unruh Verena. "Grade Five students' discussion of novels, factors affecting change in discourse." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape3/PQDD_0017/MQ51496.pdf.

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Pichard, Hugues. "Langage, engagement et émotions : les ressources de la génération linguistique et de l'intégration émotionnelle dans le discours scientifique." Phd thesis, Université de Bretagne occidentale - Brest, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00794649.

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L'émotion et le discours scientifique sont traditionnellement deux domaines considérés comme incompatibles du fait du caractère subjectif de la première et des exigences d'objectivité et de neutralité du dernier. La thèse propose une étude des processus en œuvre dans la génération des émotions en relation avec la constitution du discours, et ensuite des stratégies ou modes d'intégration des phénomènes de manifestations émotionnelles dans le discours final. L'étude combine une approche psychologique et linguistique des émotions et s'articule autour de la transition entre le domaine mental et celui de la préparation et de l'expression finale des émotions générées dans le discours (lien entre l'évaluation cognitive et l'Appraisal theory en linguistique). Une synthèse de grandes typologies des modes d'inclusion, ainsi que des grands types de manifestations de charges émotionnelles-affectives globale est présentée dans la thèse. Cette même synthèse est issue de la recherche et de l'analyse de manifestations d'émotions incluses volontairement ou non dans un corpus d'articles de la presse scientifique anglophone soumise à comité de relecture. L'un des objectifs étant de déterminer si le discours scientifique présente des manifestations de subjectivité des auteurs, et par quels biais ces phénomènes de subjectivité et d'émotion s'encodent dans des textes devant, selon les normes et conventions, être aussi objectifs et neutres que possible, quelle que soit la discipline concernée. A donc été soulevée la question de la part prise par l'émotion dans le discours en général, de sa constitution à son expression.

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Moreno, Nilo Juan Luis. "Expression de l’affectivité dans l’espagnol du Chili : étude linguistique de quatre phénomènes prégnants." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015CLF20002/document.

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Cette thèse s’inscrit dans le cadre général de la linguistique descriptive et s’intéresse à l’espagnol familier d’usage au Chili, à travers les affects exprimés par les locuteurs chiliens. Notre hypothèse consiste dans le fait que l’espagnol du Chili est défini sur la base des affects, et que l’expression de ceux-ci, au niveau linguistique, est observable dans les phénomènes les plus divers, pouvant aller d’un simple morphème à une structure syntagmatique complexe. Afin de concevoir l’expression linguistique des affects d’un point de vue plus large, cette recherche vise l’étude de quatre phénomènes clairement différenciés : le suffixe –it dans le cadre de la communauté linguistique chilienne, la « paronomase orientée », le défigement phraséologique dans le domaine des locutions verbales et adverbiales et la particule illocutoire poh. Notre méthodologie consiste en l’extraction d’un nombre d’exemples conséquents pour illustrer les phénomènes choisis à partir de 103 numéros du journal chilien La Cuarta de 2010 et 2011. Parallèlement nous considérons un nombre significatif d’exemples issus de l’enregistrement de conversations menées auprès de 58 locuteurs chiliens pendant 9 heures 11 minutes et 33 secondes.Les quatre phénomènes de langue visés ont été étudiés sous le concept d’affectivité proposé par Bally (1965 [1913]), qui distingue les principes d’intensité et de valeur (1951 [1909]).L’étude de l’affectivité du suffixe –it dans le contexte chilien a révélé que l’affectivité est une propriété qui opère sur deux dimensions. Elle est, d’un côté, intrinsèque à un signe linguistique – base lexicale, suffixe –it et tout autre élément linguistique convergeant dans le discours – et, d’un autre côté, extrinsèque, car relatée à des éléments culturels ou idéologiques, et plus généralement à tout ce qui est extralinguistique. Dans les deux dimensions, l’affectivité du locuteur fonctionne comme élément de fusion et donne son vrai sens au signe linguistique. Concernant la « paronomase orientée » (terme que nous avons proposé), nous avons constaté que l’affectivité constitue la caractéristique principale de ce type de paronomase, et que son usage repose notamment sur la figure de la plaisanterie, cela étant dû à des caractéristiques communes qui se sont révélées être : la fonction ludique, l’intentionnalité comique et l’effet de surprise.La paronomase orientée, qui s’investit sur les plans phonétique, morphologique, lexical et sémantique, constitue pour nous une opération linguistique dérivative, où deux lexies simples ou complexes, qui se substituent l’une à l’autre au sein d’un énoncé, partagent des propriétés phonétiques, alors que leur contenu sémantique diverge.En liaison avec le défigement des locutions verbales et adverbiales, il s’avère que le défigement phraséologique est une activité linguistique naturelle faisant appel à la relation figurative constante entre les mots, qui permet de créer d’autres manières d’exprimer et d’actualiser les usages de termes déjà existants.L’évolution des phrases figées passe par un processus de transformation souhaité par les locuteurs au détriment des normes phraséologiques ou syntaxiques données. Cependant, l’intérêt de la création néologique intervient quand le locuteur a la possibilité de créer et de recréer des structures linguistiques nouvelles.Quant à la particule illocutoire poh, particule notamment orale qui provient du connecteur pues (Oroz : 1966), nous avons réussi à montrer que poh aide à la progression de la communication, favorisant la cohérence et la cohésion entre l'énoncé et le texte. De plus, par le truchement de poh, un accord consensuel entre le locuteur et l’interlocuteur s’établit et, à partir de cet accord, des fonctions pragmatico-affectives nouvelles surgissent
This thesis fits into the general framework of descriptive linguistics. The thesis focuses on the colloquial Spanish used in Chile, through the affects expressed by the Chilean speakers.Our hypothesis is that Chilean Spanish is defined on the basis of affects, and linguistically, the expression of these affects is observed in various phenomena, from a simple morpheme to a complex phrase structure.In order to consider the linguistic expression of affects from a broader perspective, this research aims to study four clearly differentiated phenomena: the –it suffix as it is used within the Chilean linguistic community, the oriented paronomasia, phraseological deautomatization of verbal and adverbial phrases, and the illocutionary particle poh.Our methodology involves the removal of a number of consistent examples to illustrate the phenomena chosen from 103 copies of the Chilean newspaper La Cuarta (examples collected between 2010 and 2011). Similarly, we have extracted a selection of examples of recordings of conversations conducted with 58 Chilean speakers.The four linguistic phenomena focused upon have been studied from the concept of affectivity proposed by Bally (1965 [1913]), who distinguishes the principles of intensity and value (1951 [1909]).The study of the affectivity of the –it suffix in the Chilean context, has revealed that the affectivity is a property that operates in two dimensions. It is, firstly, intrinsic to a linguistic sign - lexical base, –it suffix and other convergent linguistic elements in the speech - and on the other hand, extrinsic, as it refers to cultural or ideological elements. In other words, everything that is extralinguistic. With respect to the "oriented paronomasia" (a term we put forward), we found that affectivity is the main feature of this type of paronomasia and that their use is essentially based on the form of the joke, this is due to the common characteristics that we found: the recreational function, the comic intent and surprise.The oriented paronomasia, which participates in the phonetic, morphological, lexical and semantic levels, constitutes for us a linguistic derivative transaction in which two simple or complex lexemes that are replaced by one another inside a sentence, share phonetic properties, even though the semantic content of these diverges.Concerning the deautomatization of verbal and adverbial phrases, it is revealed that the manipulation phraseology is a natural linguistic activity that appeals to the constant figurative relationship between the words, allowing one to create other ways in which to express and update the use of terms already in existence.The evolution of fixed phrases undergoes a process of transformation desired by speakers to the detriment of given phraseological or syntactic rules. However, the interest of neological creation intervenes when the speaker is able to create and recreate new linguistic structures.Regarding the illocutory particle poh, it is a linguistic particle, primarily oral, that derives from the connector 'pues' (Oroz, 1966), whose original form has been absorbed by phonetic attrition. We have managed to demonstrate that poh helps the progression of communication, favouring the coherence and cohesion between the statement and the text. Also, through the use of poh, a consensual agreement is established between the speakers and, from this agreement, arise pragmatic-affective functions

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Mathiot, Emmanuelle. "Affects et langage : Repetition et changement dans le discours d'un enfant pre-psychotique." Paris 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA030159.

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A partir d'un corpus oral recueilli auprès d'un enfant de 7 ans souffrant de troubles psychopathologiques, sont étudiés plusieurs aspects de la relation entre langage et fonctionnement psychique chez le sujet parlant. Le discours de cet enfant est analysé dans l'interaction dialogique avec un adulte rééducateur (orthophoniste), tout d'abord dans une perspective globale de ce que peut être un langage pathologique : ce qui prime dans le corpus considéré, à savoir l'impression d'un langage vide, d'une difficulté de cet enfant à articuler ses énoncés à ceux de l'interlocuteur, est mis en relation avec un fonctionnement de type écholalique ou à l'inverse en rupture par rapport à la situation de dialogue. Est egalement considéré le lien entre le discours de l'enfant et l’activité de jeu de rôles, qui agit comme catalyseur dans la mesure où elle permet une distanciation entre les affects et les représentations. Quelques-unes des séances enregistrées sont commentées de façon exhaustive, pour illustrer la façon dont cet enfant se positionne dans l'interlocution, mais aussi pour rendre compte du cheminement de la réflexion. Un troisième volet de l'analyse est consacré à quelques marqueurs de l'interaction (négation, marques de personne) et aux opérations qu'ils supposent
Aspects of the relationships between language and the psyche of the speaker are considered with regard to an oral corpus collected while working with a 7-year-old boy suffering from psychotic disorders. This child's utterances in dialogues with a speech therapist are analysed and commented upon. The impression that his language is "empty" and the difficulties concerning his ability to relate his own speech to his addressee's are studied in respect to echolalia as well as to sentences that create breaches in the continuity of dialogue. Playing roles seems to have been one of the main catalysts of speech in this case, insofar as it sets a distance between affects and mental representations. Long passages from the corpus are discussed to illustrate the way the child gets involved into interpersonal communication ; they also serve to show how the data were dealt with. The third part of the study focuses on some markers of interaction, such as negation and personal pronouns, as well as on the operations underlying these items

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Paraskeva, Stella Blanchet Alain. "Le traitement des émotions dans la dépression composante neurovégétative et discursive /." Saint-Denis : Université de Paris 8, 2009. http://www.bu.univ-paris8.fr/consult.php?url_these=theses/ParaskevaThese.pdf.

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Hillsburg, Heather. "Furious Females: Women's Writing as an Archive of Anger." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/24371.

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Longstanding political, social, and academic debates surrounding women’s anger have followed a distinct pattern. On one hand, critics disparage women for writing and speaking in an angry voice, casting them as bitter, irrational, or they assign them the pejorative “angry feminist”. Women often respond to these critiques by defending their anger, and reframe this emotional response as a legitimate response to oppression. Despite the utility of this intervention, this debate has given rise to a binary structure where a woman’s anger is either a legitimate response to oppression, or an irrational emotional response. As a result, the alternative functions to women’s anger remain largely unexplored. Working against binary logic, this dissertation aims to reframe this debate, and answer the following questions: what are the alternative functions for women’s anger outside of the binary terms of this debate? How can literary representations of anger complicate this conversation? Drawing from affect theory, intersectional feminist theory, discourse analysis, feminist discourse analysis, philosophical discussions about emotion, feminist literary theory, and ongoing debates surrounding nostalgia, this dissertation explores the function of anger within contemporary Canadian and American women’s literature. Before undertaking literary analysis in subsequent chapters, this dissertation first develops a methodology of “imperfect alignment” to account for the tensions between affect theory and discourse analysis, the theories and methods that guide this research project. The second chapter explores the ways anger allows liminal subjects to come into view in Feinberg’s Stone Butch Blues and Morris’s A Dangerous Woman. Chapter three explores the ways anger can interrupt and complicate compassionate reader responses to gender based abuse in Sapphire’s Push and Mosionier’s In Search of April Raintree. Chapter four explores the ways anger and nostalgia allow subjugated groups to link anger to domestic violence in Joyce Carol Oates’s Foxfire and We Were the Mulvaneys. Finally, this dissertation concludes with a brief analysis of feminist critiques of reason, and locates the findings of this project in relation to this scholarship. Ultimately, this research project nuances debates surrounding anger, and poses alternative readings of this emotional response.

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Johnson, Travis William. "Affective communities: masculinity and the discourse of emotion in Middle English literature." Diss., University of Iowa, 2011. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/4860.

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Scholars have recently begun to reconsider the importance of emotions, suggesting that they are cultural constructions integral to human identity and social life. Most of these studies, however, have ignored the medieval period, focusing instead on the "civilizing process"--that is, the supposed development of social etiquette and self-restraint--that is assumed to have begun in the early modern period. This dissertation demonstrates that emotion was in fact a complex identity discourse well before the Renaissance and was fundamental to the construction of pre-modern social categories like gender. Exploring four masculine communities--clergymen, knights, university students, and merchants--I show that each community was shaped and constrained by a particular emotional ethos. Middle English poets were keenly aware of these constraints and their work often challenged the culture's emotional regimes. I focus on literary texts from the late fourteenth and early fifteenth centuries because they were created during a time of heightened emphasis on the role of the emotions in shaping selves and communities. In the years after the Black Death, England witnessed significant demographic shifts and economic volatility that resulted in dramatic transformations in the nation's social landscape. Peasant rebellion, labor shortages, migrant clergy, and an influx of foreign merchants radically altered the structure of English society during these years. As a result, the institutions and ideologies that defined English masculine identity began changing in ways not seen before. Poets not surprisingly turned to the lexicon of emotion to negotiate these disruptions; in so doing, they offered English men new ways of understanding themselves in the face of rapid cultural change. The chapters examine a range of Middle English poems--the Alliterative Morte Arthure, St. Erkenwald, Chaucer's Reeve's Tale, and Lydgate's Bycorne and Chychevache--that illuminate particular emotions (anger, compassion, grief, and sorrow) and their significance to codes of masculinity. I argue that these four texts radically revised the forms and meanings of masculine emotional identity and community. This dissertation demonstrates that Middle English poets recognized the transformative potential inherent in the lexicon of emotion and used it to reshape their audiences' understanding of critical cultural problems. The years from the 1350s to the 1450s were important not only in the emerging tradition of poetry in English, but also for the development of the language and psychology of emotion. As poets tried to come to terms with great social changes, they molded and manipulated the discourse of emotion to interrogate what it meant to be a man in late medieval England. Affective Communities reveals the importance of emotions as markers of gender and community and shows literature's role in responding to and imagining social change.

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Pichard, Ethel Catherine. "Langage, engagement et émotions : les ressources de la génération linguistique et de l'intégration émotionnelle dans le discours scientifique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Brest, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BRES0012.

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L'émotion et le discours scientifique sont traditionnellement deux domaines considérés comme incompatibles du fait du caractère subjectif de la première et des exigences d'objectivité et de neutralité du dernier. La thèse propose une étude des processus en œuvre dans la génération des émotions en relation avec la constitution du discours, et ensuite des stratégies ou modes d'intégration des phénomènes de manifestations émotionnelles dans le discours final. L'étude combine une approche psychologique et linguistique des émotions et s'articule autour de la transition entre le domaine mental et celui de la préparation et de l'expression finale des émotions générées dans le discours (lien entre l'évaluation cognitive et l'Appraisal theory en linguistique). Une synthèse de grandes typologies des modes d'inclusion, ainsi que des grands types de manifestations de charges émotionnelles-affectives globale est présentée dans la thèse. Cette même synthèse est issue de la recherche et de l'analyse de manifestations d'émotions incluses volontairement ou non dans un corpus d'articles de la presse scientifique anglophone soumise à comité de relecture. L'un des objectifs étant de déterminer si le discours scientifique présente des manifestations de subjectivité des auteurs, et par quels biais ces phénomènes de subjectivité et d'émotion s'encodent dans des textes devant, selon les normes et conventions, être aussi objectifs et neutres que possible, quelle que soit la discipline concernée. A donc été soulevée la question de la part prise par l'émotion dans le discours en général, de sa constitution à son expression
Emotion and scientific discourse are, by tradition, considered to be incompatible due to the subjective nature of the former and the objectivity requirements of the latter. The thesis deals with a study of the processes involved in emotion generation in relation with discourse generation. This is followed by the approach of the modes or strategies of inclusion of emotion manifestation phenomena in the final discourse. The study combines a psychological and linguistic approach of emotions, and revolves around the transition stage between the mental domain and that of language elaboration, leading to communicating the previously generated emotions in discourse (link between cognitive appraisal and the Appraisal theory in linguistics). The thesis sums up the broad categories of inclusion modes, as well as the main global emotion/affect load manifestation types. This very synthesis is the result of the research and analysis of emotion manifestations deliberately or accidentally included into a selection of articles sampled out from english-speaking peer-reviewed scientific press. One of the goals was to determine if scientific discourse contains and displays the authors' subjectivity and emotion manifestations, and how these phenomena are encoded in texts that are primarily meant (according to norms and conventions) to be as objective and neutral as possible, regardless of the subject. Thus was raised the question of the importance of the share taken by emotion in any discourse, from its generation to the moment it is uttered

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Njimeni, Njiotang Clébert Agenor. "Le discours de Paul Biya à l'ère du multipartisme au Cameroun : mises en scène argumentatives et relation au pouvoir." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BOR30004/document.

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La parole politique est l'instrument principal d’exercice du pouvoir au Cameroun, dirigé par Paul Biya depuis trente-cinq ans. Confrontée aux postures du sujet politique, cette parole trahit à l’arrière-plan discursif, les pensées profondes de l’homme politique. Apporter un éclairage sur cette situation particulière est la tâche principale que nous nous sommes assigné dans cette thèse de Doctorat qui s'intéresse à la relation entre le pouvoir et la mise en scène argumentative dans le discours de Paul Biya à l'ère du multipartisme au Cameroun. Le cadre épistémologique dans lequel se positionnent nos travaux est l’analyse du discours avec une orientation vers l’argumentation rhétorique. Empruntant les démarches intégrative et analytique de l’analyse de discours, nous puisons les concepts opératoires de notre recherche principalement dans les sciences du langage. Nous procédons aussi à l’exploration textométrique de notre corpus à l’aide du logiciel d’analyse statistique Hyperbase. L’analyse nous invite également à constituer de nouvelles notions pour rendre compte des particularités du discours de Paul Biya. La thèse montre que dans sa communication, Paul Biya procède à une mise en scène fondée sur des arguments logico-affectifs, ancrée dans la réalité sociale et les pratiques des différents pouvoirs traditionnels camerounais. Derrière le masque discursif, l'analyse met au jour des stratégies de persuasion, l'évolution de la vie sociopolitique camerounaise. Cette recherche révèle comment Paul Biya incarne un pouvoir fort, sacralisé voire mythifié; s'arrogeant une aura nationale exclusive apte à apaiser le peuple et à inhiber toute action rivale. C’est ainsi qu’il a réussi à mettre en place un régime politique qui joue constamment sur des contrariétés en vue de pérenniser son pouvoir
Political speech is the main tool used in order to wield power in Cameroon, a country which is being run by Paul Biya for the past 35 years. The various stands taken by this political figure is revealed through these speeches which inform on the argumentative background and inner thoughts of this politician. The doctorate thesis which studies the relationship between power and the argumentative strategies in Paul Biya speeches in the multiparty era in Cameroon therefore sets out to throw more light on this peculiar situation. This research work is discussed from the vantage point of discourse analysis, more specifically on rhetoric argumentation. Using integrative and analytical approaches to discourse analysis, the work draws its key concepts mainly from language sciences. The textometric analysis of the corpus is carried out using the Hyperbase Statistics Analysis software. Also, the analysis of the corpus has brought us to coin new terms in order to address the specificities of Paul Biya speehes. The findings reveal that in his speeches, Paul Biya makes use of a set-up which is grounded on logico-affective arguments anchored in the social reality as well as in the practices of the various traditional powers in Cameroon. The analysis also brings to the fore the various persuasive strategies and the evolution of the sociopolitical life in Cameroon. This research work also reveals how Paul Biya incarnates a strong, sacred and mythified power which gives him the privilege of having an exclusive aura at the national level which can appease the Cameroonian people and nip in the bud all the initiatives of his rivals. He has therefore succeeded in establishing a political regime which takes advantage of disharmony in order to perpetuate his power

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14

Colette, Gordon. "Moving passions: theories of affect in Renaissance love discourse and Shakespeare's Elizabethan plays." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/28268.

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The 1998 film, Shakespeare in Love, sets Will Shakespeare (and itself) the challenge to "show the nature and truth of love ... to make it [love] true" - with an ideal presentation of Romeo and Juliet. The film finally achieves this by ensuring that Will and Viola end on stage as Romeo and Juliet, playing the parts they respectively inspire. The film, and the play within the film, can achieve the satisfactory embodiment of true love only, it seems, through the replacement of stage lover/player with 'real' lovers. The film attempts to unite love and art, but finds stage representation naturally adverse to its idea of true (authentic) love. Persuasion is similarly suppressed as inimical to the film's notion of art as expressive (of authentic emotion). But, where love is conceived as spectacularly mobile, mimetic and transformative - as I show it was, in the early modem period - to effectively communicate and to affectively produce love are, of necessity, linked. Joseph Roach has pointed persuasively to rhetoric's strong connection with humoral theory. Using texts from Wilson, Wright and Bulwer, I pursue and extend his focus on the early modem passionate, rhetorical actor; the interface between body and mind; and the possibility of powerful rhetorical passions, generated in performance. The film assumes (true) love as an emotion that is rare, elusive and, crucially, authentic. But as a renaissance 'passion', love would have very different qualities. Such passions would be vital, dynamic forces, directly communicable and contagious, commonly available and commonly shared. I argue that love, more properly "affect" or "passion", was frequently valued in the Renaissance, not as a stable locus of inner truth and authenticity (the thinking that necessitates the suppression of the actor in Shakespeare in Love), but for its very ability to 'move' where, in Rosemond Tove's words, "the unity of the process moving: persuading is not disturbed." I look for this movement in a number of Shakespeare's Elizabethan plays, particularly The Two Gentlemen of Verona, Love's Labours Lost, A Midsummer Night's Dream, Romeo and Juliet, As You Like It, and Twelfth Night and examine the forms of passion in compelling topoi that attend love in the plays - Petrarchan tropes powerfully linked to early modem ideas of representation (especially dramatic) and the interaction, in imitation, between bodies and minds. Early modem passions threaten clear distinctions between desires and emotions, body and mind and, importantly, self and other. I argue that, when passions are communicable and shared, the passionating actor participates in ideal forms beyond realistic imitation or personal, interior emotional experience - a process to which the real, ideal love of Shakespeare in Love is superfluous.

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Webb, Horace P. "Factors Affecting Construction of Science Discourse in the Context of an Extracurricular Science and Technology Project." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2009. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/msit_diss/49.

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Doing and learning science are social activities that require certain language, activities, and values. Both constitute what Gee (2005) calls Discourses. The language of learning science varies with the learning context (Lemke, 2001,1990). Science for All Americans (AAAS, 1990) and Inquiry and the National Science Education Standards (NRC, 2000) endorse inquiry science learning. In the United States, most science learning is teacher-centered; inquiry science learning is rare (NRC, 2000). This study focused on 12 high school students from two suburban high schools, their three faculty mentors, and two engineering mentors during an extracurricular robotics activity with FIRST Robotics Competition (FRC). FRC employed student-centered inquiry focus to teach science principles integrating technology. Research questions were (a) How do science teachers and their students enact Discourses as they teach and learn science? and (b) How does the pedagogical approach of a learning activity facilitate the Discourses that are enacted by students and teachers as they learn and teach science? Using Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), the study examined participants’ language during robotic activities to determine how language used in learning science shaped the learning and vice versa. Data sources included video-recordings of participant language and semi-structured interviews with study participants. Transcribed recordings were coded initially using Gee’s (2005) linguistic Building Tasks as a priori codes. CDA was applied to code transcripts, to construct Discourses enacted by the participants, and to determine how context facilitated their enactment. Findings indicated that, for the students, FRC facilitated elements of Science Discourse. Wild About Robotics (W.A.R.) team became, through FRC, part of a community similar to scientists’ community that promoted knowledge and sound practices, disseminated information, supported research and development and encouraged interaction of its members. The public school science classroom in the U.S. is inimical to inquiry learning because of practices and policies associated with the epistemological stance that spawned the standards and/or testing movement and No Child Left Behind (Baez & Boyles, 2009). The findings of this study provided concrete ideas to accommodate the recommendations by NRC (1996) and NSES (2000) for creating contexts that might lead to inquiry science learning for meaningful student engagement.

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Lameu, Paula Cristina. "Education ICT assemblage : encounters of discourses, emotions, affects, subjects, and their productive forces." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2017. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/7629/.

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Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is part of everyday life. It is not different in the education field. However, its use has implications for what it means to teach and learn effectively in contemporary education. When ICT is used in the classroom, things happen through divergent forces, components, and mechanisms, according to different contexts, and evidencing a complex environment. The purpose of this study is to show how complex the use of ICT in education is by analysing different components and their productive forces. Assemblage ethnography is the methodology adopted and a range of data collection tools are used. The thesis explores five case studies generated from different settings: Primary, Secondary and Post-secondary education. The analysis offered shows how discourse, policy-making, budget, and CPD are not enough to account for all of the ICT-related situations that happen on a daily basis inside schools. ICT in education evidences a diverse and fragmented field of policy, money, and practice, pedagogy and many other elements. This study concludes that there are three main productive forces emerging from the education ICT assemblage which: evidenced unsolved issues of the schooling process, enhanced or made emotions emerge; opened possibilities for other subjectivities to happen.

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Dupuis, France. "Une approche linguistique et phénoménologique de la sémantique du mot amour." Thesis, Orléans, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ORLE1141.

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L’objectif de ce travail est la description et l’étude des dynamiques de sens en jeu dans la constructionde la forme sémantique « amour ». L’étude s’inscrit dans une démarche phénoménologique visantl’émergence du sens en tant que produit d’une activité de conceptualisation marquée par l’expérienceperceptive et affective. Trois strates de sens entrelacées apparaissent dans la sémantique du mot etparticipent de la construction globale de la forme par « motivation », « profilage » et « thématisation ».Ces notions permettent l’ouverture de l’espace de création du sens qui provient de l’entrelacs de laperception, du langage et des modalités d’appropriation du phénomène surgissant dans / et par lediscours sur l’amour et le discours amoureux. Le mot amour polarise une dynamique de mouvementau sein des discours amoureux. Sa valeur s’ancre dans le motif composite d’une force propre àdépasser le procès qui le lie à un objet et vecteur de propriétés esthésiques, axiologiques etpraxéologiques. La phénoménologie du mot amour se déploie essentiellement sur un fond de« figures » qualitatives et de constructions métaphorisantes et poétiques qui tendent à unir champsperceptifs et thématiques, et permettent au locuteur la saisie, en partie, de son expérience amoureuse,et l’expression de ses impressions et sentiments
Construction of the semantic form “amour”. The core of this work is a phenomenological endeavourtargeting the emergence of meaning considered as the result of a conceptualizing process rooted inaffective and perceptual experience. Three intertwined strata of meaning can be observed in thesemantics of the word. These take an active part in the global construction of the form via each ofthese strata, namely the germ-motif stratum, the profiling-unfolding process stratum and the thematicdiscursiveone. The latter notions make it possible to open the creative space of meaning in a trulyoriginal fashion. This creative space results from the intertwining of perception, language and thevarious modalities of self-appropriation of the phenomenon arising in /and through a discourse on loveand the amorous discourse. The word amour polarizes a movement dynamics within the amorousdiscourse. This word is anchored to the heterogeneous “motif” of a dynamic power liable to surpassthe process per se such as linked to its object. It is a vehicle for aesthesic, axiological andpraxeological properties. The phenomenology of the word amour mostly expands in the domain ofqualitative and poetic figures as well as metaphorizing constructions. In the latter domain, figures andconstructions aim at uniting the perceptive and thematic fields, thus enabling the speaker, thoughpartially only, to grasp his amorous experience as well as to express his own impressions andfeelings

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Ferrada, Stoehrel Rodrigo. "The mediation of affect : security, fear and subversive hope in visual culture." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för kultur- och medievetenskaper, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-127052.

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The overarching purpose of this study has been to problematise how visual practices and the mediation of affect is linked to the capacity to produce (new) perceptual realities, sensations and imaginaries, ultimately aiming to legitimate or counter-legitimate the hegemonic discourses and practices mobilised in the name of security. The first part of my thesis approaches this matter through an analysis of media cultures and discursive systems circulating within the court and the state military. Here, I discuss the impact of affect in the judicial-policial production of visible evidence (paper 1; published in the International Journal for the Semiotics of Law) and the state military (visual) narrative of threat (paper 2; published in MedieKultur: Journal of media and communication research). Additionally, as affect runs counter to hegemonic power relations as well as reinforces them, the second part of my thesis focuses on the way in which different resistance collectives cultivate affective dimensions through aesthetic practices in order to foster political attitudes that contest the established discourses of the (in)secure. Here, I examine the online activist group Anonymous’ visual political communication (paper 3; published in TripleC - Communication, Capitalism & Critique. Open Access Journal for a Global Sustainable Information Society), and the Spanish movement Podemos’ visual and verbal discursive strategies (paper 4; forthcoming in Cultural Studies). In terms of theoretical and methodological approaches, I have my roots in, among others, Mouffe’s (2005) notion of conflict and (political) affect, Foucault’s (1980) concept of power/knowledge, and Thompson’s (1984; 1990) three-dimensional framework of ideology- analysis. In paper 1, my findings suggest that camera-produced images and technical and dramaturgical elements may have unintentional judicial consequences when they are read as evidence. I detail how this production of visible evidence can potentially stimulate and elicit emotional reaction, as well as discussing the degree to which pictorial crime evidence fails to be an instrumental and neutral representation of truth. In paper 2, my findings point in the direction where the military representation of the ‘Other as threat’ connects to aspects of economic globalisation and the (inter)national production of defence materiel. In article 3 (co-authored with Lindgren 2014) my findings suggest that citizen participation in public matters can be made engaging through the mobilisation of that which Anonymous calls ‘the lulz’; a tickling joy/pleasure (also, a sense of meaningfulness) of standing against power abuse through, for example, online direct action and culture jamming practices. Paper 4 explores the relationship between the affective and the visual using a broader security framework. Here, my findings indicate that Podemos’ discursive battle for social protection and economic security in a context of the crisis of political representation, is no longer framed through the traditional left-right conflict, but within the post- ideological (affective) articulation of ‘the new’ versus ‘the old’ and/or other discursive differences. I show how affect works as a potential for social change, by analysing the strategic production of a ‘We-Them’ discourse using Podemos’ take on social media and the media logic of mainstream television.

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Winberg, Mikael. "Simulation in University Chemistry Education : Cognitive and Affective Aspects." Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Umeå University, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-799.

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Tanaka-McFarlane, Yuki. "Documenting Belizean Mopan: An Exploration on the Role of Language Documentation And Renewal from Language Ideological, Affective, Ethnographic, and Discourse Perspectives." OpenSIUC, 2018. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/1601.

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This dissertation explores the nature, purpose, function and role of language documentation in order to further our understanding of mechanisms of language transmission and maintenance in the face of language endangerment and the repression of indigenous identity. Beyond its traditional use for generating linguistic data, I argue that the act and the process of language documentation can be understood as a comprehensive means to evaluate the interactions between speakers and researchers and as the stage where various beliefs and emotions are displayed. Extending the notion of “sites” developed by Silverstein (1998) and Kroskrity (2009), I argue that the act of language documentation can create “sites” of linguistic transaction, of self recognition, and of ideological and emotional stance shift. To attain this goal, this project linguistically and ethnographically documents and describes Belizean Mopan, an endangered Mayan language spoken in the southern Petén region of Guatemala and in the Maya Mountain region (Toledo District) of Southern Belize as a case study. Ethnographic and linguistic observation suggest that characteristics of Belizean Mopan do not simply stem from its linguistic features but rather are derived from ethnic complexity, language ideologies, identity politics, the history of Belize and speakers’ awareness of the self. Linguistic biographies, interviews, participant observation, and ethnographic accounts indicate that the individual’s emotional attachments to the language and the sense of belonging to one’s linguistic community are crucial keys for effective language documentation and revitalization. Discourse and grammatical analysis of sound symbolic words in narratives suggest that speakers’ linguistic affects can be evoked through sound itself. The devices used during language documentation, such as voice and video recorders can be understood as “signifying instruments” (J. D. Hill 2014), which amplify or evoke speakers’ and researchers’ linguistic ideologies and/or affects. Tzik ‘respect’ plays a pivotal role in distinguishing Mopans from other Maya groups and many stories and personal narratives either explicitly or subtly demonstrate the concept and importance of tzik for regulating and maintaining the traditional community and for having a successful life, which resembles the secretos ‘secrets’ described in Hofling’s (1996: 109) account of Itzaj Maya lives. Focusing on tzik gained through being a ch’ija’an kristiyanojo ‘the grown-up people’, I argue that storytelling is a primary device to transmit and circulate traditional knowledge, worldview, ideologies and memories of Maya people from the present, the immediate past, and the mythological past and that in a sense, the role and meaning of dream divination and my language consultant, Orlando Sho’s musical performances can be equated with the practice of storytelling. The act of language documentation is a portal to the site of linguistic and cultural transaction and of world learning, in which I see a key to successful language renewal and revitalization.

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PEQUENO, PIMENTEL JOSE. "L'emotivisme et la constitution affective du discours moral. Les limites de la meta-ethique et son influence dans le debat contemporain." Strasbourg 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996STR20065.

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Notre these s'articule autour des fondements, limites et repercussions de l'emotivisme. Au long de ses pages, nous envisageons de degager les elements qui nous permettront d'actualiser sa problematique majeure : ce que les emotions peuvent nous apprendre a propos de l'ethique. Il s'agit donc de trouver une connexion possible entre raison et emotion dans la structure de l'action morale. Notre travail s'ouvre par un chapitre sur les fondements de la philosophie analytique du langage moral, dans lequel nous essayons de delimiter les origines et les interets theoriques de la meta-ethique, a partir des vues de son precurseur : george moore. Ensuite, afin de parcourir les diatribes de la theorie emotiviste, nous tentons de demontrer le soubassement neopositiviste de sa conception de l'ethique en tenant compte des influences de son principal instigateur : ludwig wittgenstein. Notre examen de l'approche emotiviste est centre sur l'ouvrage "language. Truth and logic" d'alfred ayer et surtout "ethics and language" de charles stevenson. Ici, nous envisageons non seulement de mettre en relief les traits generaux d'une telle theorie, mais aussi souligner les incompletudes de cette approche ainsi que l'etroitesse de sa conception de l'emotion. En depit de ses lacunes, nous jugeons que l'emotivisme a eu le merite de reintroduire la discussion sur la fonction de l'affectivite en morale. Dans son ensemble nos propositions visent trois buts : a) reconstituer le parcours de l'emotivisme et les critiques qui lui sont adressees; b) demontrer, a partir de sa confrontation avec les approches natuuralistes (darwinisme social, evolutionnisme, sociobiologie) l'inconsistance de son programme de recherche : c) finalment que le rapport "pathos-logos" doit conquerir le droit de cite en ethique. C'est pourquoi nous cherchons a fonder notre these selon laquelle "si la morale sans emotions est vide; une morale en comportant que l'emotion est aveugle"
This thesis is concerned with emotivism, its foundations, scope and consequences. It concentrates in those elements which will facilitate examination of the fondamental question : what can emotions teach us about ethics ? a potential' conection between reason and emotion in the structure of moral action wole be sought. The study begins with a chapter concerning the basis of the analytical philosophy of moral language, in which the origins and the theorical interests of meta-ethics from the theories of its precursor george moore will be discussed. Then, in order to explore the diatribes of the emotivism theory, a demonstration of the neopositivist basis of its conception of ethics, taking into account the influence of its main instigator ludwig wittgenstein, will be attempted. The study of the emotivist approach is centred, here, on the work "language, truth and logic" by alfred ayer and above "ethics and language" by charles stevenson. The general caracteristics of this theory will be examined : however, the limitations of this approach and the ratrowness of its conception of emotion will not be ignored. Despite its shortcomings, this theory has the merit of refocusing attention on the debate aboute the fonction of emotion in moral theory. This thesis as a whole has three aims : a) the reconstruction of the development of emotivism and critical reactions to it; b) the demonstration through its opposition to the naturalist approaches of ethics (social darwinism, evolutionnism, sociobiology) the flinsiness of its research methods; c) the conslusion that the relation pathos/logos" must restablish its rightful place in the philosophical debate

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Ryczer-Dumas, Malgorzata. "Users’ agencies : juxtaposing public portrayals and users’ accounts of app-mediated cardiac arrest volunteer work in Sweden." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022EHES0024.

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Cette thèse adopte une perspective de recherche en sciences sociales pour examiner les usages de l'application SMSlivräddare (eng. SMSlifesaving), devenue Heartrunner, ayant pour objectif de solliciter des bénévoles à proximité de personnes presumées victimes d'un arrêt cardiaque extra-hospitalier. Cette étude de cas sur les usages de cette application médicale et de santé juxtapose les « portraits » publics de l'application, de ses utilisateurs potentiels, de leurs rôles actifs et de leurs pratiques d'usage et les témoignages des utilisateurs bénévoles. Cette analyse explore les dimensions des rôles actifs de l'application et de ses utilisateurs tels qu’ils sont délégués par les « portraits » de la technologie et tels qu’ils sont perçus par ses utilisateurs. Cette analyse rend visibles les aspects des rôles actifs et des pratiques des utilisateurs bénévoles au moment de la mise en œuvre de cette technologie dans deux premières régions, avant son adoption ultérieure dans d'autres régions de Suède ainsi qu’au Danemark. La perspective de la recherche médicale a jusqu'à présent dominé les études sur les applications de secourisme. Ces études ont évalué les résultats de l'usage de l'application par les bénévoles et se sont concentrées sur l'examen de l'efficacité de ces applications, par des indicateurs tels que le nombre d'utilisateurs arrivés sur place et le nombre de ceux qui ont participé à la réanimation des personnes victimes. Dans le même temps, ces travaux ont contribué à la construction de discours prometteurs et à des approches instrumentales appliquées pour comprendre les significations et les usages des applications médicales et de santé. En revanche, en s'appuyant sur l'analyse discursive et thématique du matériel de recherche qualitative, cette thèse cherche à mettre en évidence les perspectives des utilisateurs dans leur co-construction de la technologie de secourisme à travers leurs pratiques d'usage de l'application. Par une approche théorique socio-matérielle, elle explore de manière critique les rôles actifs des utilisateurs tels qu'ils sont délégués par les discours des développeurs du projet, des gestionnaires et des évaluateurs de cette technologie médicale et tels qu'ils sont négociés par les utilisateurs dans leurs pratiques quotidiennes. Cette thèse examine tout d'abord les « portraits » de l'application publiés en ligne, de ses utilisateurs et de leurs rôles actifs, mais aussi dans les pratiques de recrutement des utilisateurs et enfin dans une publication de recherche médicale évaluant cette technologie de secourisme. Ensuite, la thèse examine comment les bénévoles décrivent les motifs de leur décision de devenir usagers de l’application, le contexte social de leurs décisions et les significations qu'ils attribuent à leurs pratiques. Troisièmement, la thèse examine comment les récits des bénévoles, en juxtaposition avec les « portraits » en ligne de la technologie SMSlifesaving, représentent les pratiques d'usage de l'application par les bénévoles aux differentes étapes: avant la réception des notifications les informant des cas d'arrêts cardiaques, au moment de la réception de ces notifications, et après leur acceptation.Contribuant au champ de la recherche sociale critique sur les applications médicales et de santé, la thèse met en relief que les utilisateurs de l'application SMSlifesaving et les technologies qu'ils co-construisent ont des rôles actifs. Elle illustre les rôles actifs délégués et négociés par les utilisateurs ; ces derniers lorsqu'ils surmontent les dépendances quotidiennes de l'application et mesurent l'importance de leur travail bénévole, par l’intermédiaire de leur usage de l’application, par rapport à leur travail rémunéré et à leurs engagements de vie privée, développent un engagement consciencieux envers l'application et redéfinissent les promesses médicales de l'application pour les personnes victimes et leurs familles
This thesis embraces a social science research perspective to examine uses of the app SMSlivräddare (eng. SMSlifesaving), now Heartrunner, dedicated to alert volunteers nearby to assist people suspected to suffer from a cardiac arrest outside hospital. This case study of the uses of the health and medical app juxtaposes the public portrayals of the app, its prospective users, their agencies and use practices with the volunteer users’ own accounts. The analysis explores dimensions of the app’s and its users’ agencies as delegated by the technology’s portrayals and perceived by its users. It renders visible also possibly obscured aspects of the volunteer users’ agencies and practices at the time of the technology’s implementation in the two first regions, before its subsequent adoption in other Swedish regions and in Denmark. A medical research perspective has so far dominated the studies of lifesaving apps. Such research evaluates the patients’ health outcomes resulting from the app use by the volunteers and concentrates on the examination of the efficiency aspects of the app, such as how many users arrived and how many engaged in resuscitating the patients. At the same time, it contributes to the promissory discourses and instrumental approaches applied to understand the meanings and uses of health and medical apps. In contrast, building on the discourse and thematic analysis of the qualitative research material, this thesis seeks to highlight the users’ perspectives in their co-constructing of the SMSlifesaving technology through their app use practices; it embraces a socio-material theoretical approach and critically explores the users’ agencies as delegated by the discourses of the project developers, managers and evaluators of the medical technology and as negotiated by the users in their daily practices. This thesis, first, investigates the public portrayals of the app, its users and their agencies published online, in the user-recruiting practices, and in a medical research publication evaluating the SMSlifesaving technology. Next, it examines how the volunteers’ accounts describe the rationales of their entry into their SMSlifesaving app use practices, the social context embedding their entry and the meanings which they ascribe to their practices. Third, the study investigates how the volunteers’ accounts in juxtaposition to the online portrayals of the SMSlifesaving technology represent the volunteers’ app use before their receptions of the app’s notifications which inform them about cardiac-arrest cases nearby, at the time of reception of such notifications, and following acceptance of such notifications.Contributing to the field of critical social research on health and medical apps, the thesis identifies that both the SMSlifesaving app users and the technologies they co-construct have agencies. It illustrates the users’ agencies delegated and negotiated; the latter when they overcome the app everyday dependencies and judge the app-mediated volunteer work importance versus their paid work and private life commitments, develop dutiful engagement with the app and re-define the app’s medical promises for the patients and their families

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Hampel, Juliana Florentino. "Olhares descentrados na contemporaneidade: os anormais em Gonçalo M. Tavares e Lídia Jorge." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8150/tde-10112017-115950/.

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O presente trabalho discute a veiculação da voz da imaginação criativa por perspectivas oriundas da anormalidade no enredo de dois romances portugueses contemporâneos: Jerusalém, de Gonçalo M. Tavares e O vento assobiando nas gruas, de Lídia Jorge. Por meio da análise comparativa da trajetória das protagonistas Mylia Busbeck e Milene Leandro, procura se apontar a soberania do discurso médico-científico como parâmetro máximo de avaliação da saúde mental, e, desta forma, de incidência de um poder desolador sobre a vida dessas personagens, com vistas à desumanização. Como suporte teórico, este estudo utiliza as obras de Michel Foucault sobre a ordem do discurso e a loucura, na tentativa de compreender o percurso das formações discursivas dos considerados anormais no Ocidente. Opta-se, ainda, por pensar a linguagem a partir da filosofia nietzschiana, entendida como ato de força, quando a função da literatura é encontrar a expressão múltipla do devir. Para além desses pensadores, fez-se necessário uma pequena incursão na obra de Emmanuel Lévinas, a fim de discutir a questão dos afetos como possibilidade de exercício da ética.
This work discusses the voices of creativity imagination by perspectives of abnormality in two Portuguese contemporary novels: Jerusalém, by Gonçalo M. Tavares and O vento assobiando nas gruas, by Lídia Jorge. By making a comparison between the path of protagonists, Mylia Busbeck and Milene Leandro, the aim of this thesis is to indicate the power of scientific discourses as maximum parameter of mental health evaluation and, thus, checking incidence of a devastating power in the life of these two characters that intend to a dehumanization. As a theoretical support, Michel Foucault and his essays about discourse and insanity are necessary to understand the pattern of abnormalitys speeches. Also the philosophical work of Nietzsche is relevant to think about language as an act of force, with the proposal of reveal the task of literature to find expression of multiple become. Furthermore, Emmanuel Lévinas and his philosophy of affection as a possibility of ethic exercise is the bases to follow the minimum instants of sanity in the plot of both novels.

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Job, Casandra Helen. "How Teacher Questions Affect the Development of a Potential Hybrid Space in a Classroom with Latina/o Students." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2018. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/7032.

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Questions have been shown to aid in student understanding of mathematics, particularly "novel" questions (Mesa, Celis, & Lande, 2013) that do not have a predetermined answer. However, students do not always understand what is intended by questions posed by teachers, particularly those students who come from different cultural and lingual backgrounds than those dominant in the classroom discourse. This project investigated the relationship between how a mathematics teacher acknowledged students funds of knowledge in her questions and how Latina/o students responded. It shows some research based questioning techniques that allow Latina/o students greater opportunity to participate in the mathematical problem-solving process and how resulting classroom experience shows evidence of progression toward a hybrid space, as well as factors that limited progression toward a hybrid space. These results yield implications for English-speaking teachers instructing students who are bilingual in English and Spanish at varying degrees of proficiency.

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Mahlouly, Dounia. "Alienation of the revolution : how connectivity affects the sustainability of counter-discourse in post-revolutionary Tunisia and Egypt." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2015. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/7244/.

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Early research investigating digital activism in relation to the 2011 Arab uprisings intended to determine whether digital media played a significant role in consolidating the revolutionary opposition. As a result, this literature essentially focuses on the exact moment of the January 2011 protests and often fails at considering the evolution of digital activism and social media consumption over time. Alternatively, this work goes beyond the context of the January 2011 events and investigates how participative media have been used over the course of the political crisis that led the 2011 Egyptian and Tunisian revolutions to the 2013 military coup d’état. By doing so, it elaborates the debate on digital activism and assesses how social media has affected public deliberation over the long run and as political leaders attempted to regain legitimacy in the aftermath of the uprisings. In doing so, this research contributes to the evaluation of what extent these emerging forms of political action, which Bennett and Segerberg conceptualise as connective action (2012) are sustainable and likely to materialise into institutional politics. In order to map the post-revolutionary debate across a range of digital media, this study draws on a large data set extracted from different social platforms, including blogs, search engines and e-consultation project. Data visualisation tools and traditional discourse analysis are jointly applied to analyse this data set and identify how various political actors, such as party leaders, bloggers or random social media users debated online over the course of the 2011-2013 political crisis. In addition, this work includes a set of face-toface interviews conducted on the field with Egyptian journalists and political activists actively engaged in the post-revolutionary debate. By analysing the long-term effects of digital activism in Tunisia and Egypt, this research proposes to challenge the assumption, according to which digital media, as a manifestation of technological development acts as a factor of democratisation.

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Jannedy, Stefanie, and Norma Mendoza-Denton. "Structuring information through gesture and intonation." Universität Potsdam, 2005. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2006/877/.

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Face-to-face communication is multimodal. In unscripted spoken discourse we can observe the interaction of several "semiotic layers", modalities of information such as syntax, discourse structure, gesture, and intonation.
We explore the role of gesture and intonation in structuring and aligning information in spoken discourse through a study of the co-occurrence of pitch accents and gestural apices.
Metaphorical spatialization through gesture also plays a role in conveying the contextual relationships between the speaker, the government and other external forces in a naturally-occurring political speech setting.

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Sedgley, Martin T. "Learning journeys with international Masters students in UK higher education." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/7327.

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International Masters students face daunting challenges in adjusting to a startlingly different UK academic discourse within a short time. Little research has been conducted into these challenges and successful transition strategies. A review of learning development literature identified a set of three models, which has not been related theoretically to international Masters students. The latest, critical model, Academic Literacies, especially offers important insights into these students’ difficulties and potential for integration. This research design explored these learning journeys in depth through interviews in a longitudinal study of MBA and MSc students during the 2009-10 academic year. The rich data were investigated through the qualitative methodology of narrative analysis, with twin aims of recognising similarities but also important differences across the students’ learning experiences. A majority experienced strongly emotional learning journeys. These followed an affective pattern with a downturn early in the academic year influenced by the degree of unfamiliarity in the new culture and academic discourse, mirrored by a corresponding improvement in emotional state during Semester 2 or 3 as these external issues became more familiar and comfortable. Self-efficacy emerged as an especially important factor in achieving academic success, and students’ progression was mapped against this variable using an established, U-shaped transition curve model. The study identifies practical learning development interventions, but also highlights the importance of educational practitioners becoming pedagogically self-reflective to empathise more genuinely with international students’ struggles, and to learn from their diverse experiences in ways that can enrich the process of internationalising western education.

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Lillie, Alison Kate. "'The missing discourse' : how does the family history of cancer affect the care needs of palliative care patients?" Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2009. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/293/.

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There is increasing scientific understanding and growing public awareness of the influence of genetics on the development of cancer. It is known that up to ten percent of cancers are associated with a genetic predisposition. This study asks ‘How does the family history of cancer affect the care needs of palliative care patients?’ in this context. This question is addressed using the principles of phenomenology to explore the meaning of a family history of cancer for palliative care patients and nurses. Data was collected through recorded, semi-structured interviews with purposively sampled participants. The information obtained was analyzed using Miles and Huberman’s (1994) framework, where data is displayed, reduced, and conclusions drawn. Emergent themes were organized around Van Manen’s (1990) schema for existential reflection, which considers the relationship between phenomena and four universal themes: lived-body, lived-relationship, lived-time and lived-space. Findings describe how the physical, social, emotional and cultural dimensions of care are modified when viewed through the genetic lens. Patients’ poor understanding of cancer and novice nursing practice (Benner 1984) were barriers to appropriately meeting the needs of this patient group. A new approach to the care of palliative patients with a family history of cancer is proposed.

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Torres, Roman. "Axis of identities: how socially constructed perceptions affect the foreign policy of nations." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/924.

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Contrary to the assumptions of realist theory, this thesis suggests that reality is subjected to social constructions. The national discourse of one country constitutes the context from which societies will generate perceptions and ideas about another society. It is from these socially constructed ideas that states' interests are formed. States interests are what constitute the foreign policy of a country. Given that the United States is the world's hegemon, understanding the process by which countries' interests take shape and evolve will give the United States social awareness and strategic advantage to lead the world's current speedy integration with less volatile rivalries. In order to grasp the factors contributing to the relationship between specific states, some context is needed beforehand. By tracing and comparing historical events in the relations between the United States, Venezuela, and Iran, this thesis examines the constructivist claim that states behavior towards another is directly affected by the social interpretation of their interactions. It is social constructions, not power, what determines if states will view each other as "enemy" or "ally". National identity and worldview ultimately drive state behavior and how countries choose to utilize their capabilities.
B.A.
Bachelors
Sciences
Political Science

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30

Sedgley, Martin Timothy. "Learning journeys with international Masters students in UK higher education." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/7327.

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International Masters students face daunting challenges in adjusting to a startlingly different UK academic discourse within a short time. Little research has been conducted into these challenges and successful transition strategies. A review of learning development literature identified a set of three models, which has not been related theoretically to international Masters students. The latest, critical model, Academic Literacies, especially offers important insights into these students’ difficulties and potential for integration. This research design explored these learning journeys in depth through interviews in a longitudinal study of MBA and MSc students during the 2009-10 academic year. The rich data were investigated through the qualitative methodology of narrative analysis, with twin aims of recognising similarities but also important differences across the students’ learning experiences. A majority experienced strongly emotional learning journeys. These followed an affective pattern with a downturn early in the academic year influenced by the degree of unfamiliarity in the new culture and academic discourse, mirrored by a corresponding improvement in emotional state during Semester 2 or 3 as these external issues became more familiar and comfortable. Self-efficacy emerged as an especially important factor in achieving academic success, and students’ progression was mapped against this variable using an established, U-shaped transition curve model. The study identifies practical learning development interventions, but also highlights the importance of educational practitioners becoming pedagogically self-reflective to empathise more genuinely with international students’ struggles, and to learn from their diverse experiences in ways that can enrich the process of internationalising western education.

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NAKAYA, Motoyuki, Takeshi MACHI, 素之中谷, and 岳. 町. "協同学習における相互作用の規定因とその促進方略に関する研究の動向." 名古屋大学大学院教育発達科学研究科, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/19527.

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32

Naylor, Alexandra Mary Patricia. "Discourses of affect in the 1930s Hollywood horror film cycle and in its aftermath to 1943." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2007. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1446035/.

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My PhD is a study of discourses of affect in the 1930s Hollywood horror cycle, which ran from 1931 to 1936, and the aftermath and conclusion of disputes related to such discourses which played out in the period from 1936 to 1943. I engage in a historicist study which examines the cycle's the production, censorship and reception context in order to consider the role played by various discourses of affect in the cycle's development, and the controversy surrounding it. I examine in particular how the wider cinema censorship crisis of the 1930s played into the cycle, concentrating on case studies rather than broader overviews in order to draw out the disputes and competing discourses regarding horror's affects, pleasures and alleged negative effects which were at stake in the marketing, reception and censorship of horror films. Discussion of horror's affect was pursued from two different poles of interest, by those sites wishing to analyse it as a cinematic pleasure in order to reproduce it, and those wishing to isolate it as an undesirable quality in order to moderate or even excise it from cinema. My thesis intervenes in debates in several specific fields: genre studies, 1930s horror histories, and censorship scholarship. My work has been informed by the recent genre studies work of Rick Altman and others, and I aim to offer a contribution to this strand of scholarship by analysing the effect of censorship and media controversy upon genre-making in the case of 1930s horror. I also argue that existing histories of the 1930s cycle can be substantially modified by the application of recent work in both genre studies and censorship studies. My archival investigation has also led me to a number of historical observations which challenge existing scholarship, which I call attention to during the course of the thesis.

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Chung, Youngeun. "Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) in Sweden: A study of ESD within a transition affected by PISA reports." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-210157.

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Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) has been called for playing a crucial role in integrating principles,values, and practices accorded with sustainable development. Holistic approach, ethical values, norm transitionand behavior changes are required to achieve the aim of ESD. However, while both external and internal impactsof the Swedish education system have affected its fundamental values and aims, core elements of ESD inSwedish curriculum were also influenced. This paper analyzes, in particular, the changes that PISA reportsbrought in the Swedish curriculum at the discourse level, and its potential effects on ESD. Discourse analysiswas mainly used for comparing two curricula and two syllabi. With the help of situational contexts of PISA andthe curriculum of 2011, a transition observed from text analysis was interpreted and the final discussion wasanchored with social contexts from educational discourses. The result indicated that influences from PISA in thenew curriculum and syllabus were observed in corresponded aims and goals. Situational and social contexts alsopointed to the same direction of transition due to the previous goals-oriented curriculum that made a wide rangeof teaching. Thus, fundamental values, aims and goals were changed into providing clearer guidelines forteaching scope and gradings as well as into focusing literacy skills and knowledge of concepts. In the process ofthe transition, holistic approach, ethical and democratical values, as well as focus on cultural aspects and pupils’ attributes were removed or shrunken, which implied negative impacts on ESD. On the other hand, emphasis onliteracy skills of students in the new curriculum was expected to bring positive achievement for ESD.Furthermore, in order to achieve the norm transition toward sustainable development, those lost immeasurable values are suggested to be addressed in future Swedish education.

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34

Thompson, Gabriela. "For effect or affect? : UK defence change : management." Thesis, University of Roehampton, 2017. https://pure.roehampton.ac.uk/portal/en/studentthesis/for-effect-or-affect-uk-defence-change-management(a766fe2c-307b-41c6-97f6-ae2d4d469477).html.

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This thesis is a critical examination of the UK defence discourse. It is an exploration of the dominant explanation of defence in the UK in 2015, as evidenced by the artefacts of the discourse - most importantly, by the voices of those within the community. In doing so, this thesis seeks to challenge the notion that there is only one right way to manage and judge the notion of defence, highlighting the cultural and contextual dependence of such ideas, and the dangers which arise from it. In asking the simple question what is defence? I have aimed at identifying the references and experiences, through the deployment of an ethnographic approach, which are drawn on to construct the dominant understanding. In doing so, I have sought to distinguish that which is considered legitimate by the dominant managerial narrative and in what contexts. My findings are illustrated in the form of a power structure within which language and symbolism, and their influence on practice, together build the defence community's expression of identity. The predominance of managerialism in today's explanation of defence in the UK and the failings I have identified as a result, are perceivable throughout the UK public sector. Therefore, the restrictive nature of the narrative in excluding creativity and innovation in the defence sector, also has implications for wider public sector reform in the UK and abroad. The primary contribution this thesis makes rests in the application of the ethnographic approach and a post-structuralist three-pillared framework to a discipline which has traditionally been analysed from an organisational or political perspective. The hope is that, in applying this same approach in multiple contexts, a greater understanding of the mechanisms sustaining dominant explanations can be gained, as well as of the importance of legitimised spaces for innovation and creativity in reform processes.

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Mason, Corinne. "Manufacturing Urgency: Development Perspectives on Violence Against Women." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/30249.

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This dissertation investigates discourses of anti-violence strategies in the context of international development. While violence against women is, of course, an urgent problem, this dissertation explores how the urgency to end violence against women is socially, culturally, economically, and politically constructed. I consider the manufacturing of urgency in three case studies of contemporary anti-violence initiatives: i) American foreign policy including what has been branded as “The Hillary Doctrine” and proposed International Violence Against Women Act; ii) the World Bank’s report entitled The Cost of Violence; and iii) the United Nation’s UNiTE To End Violence Against Women and Say NO campaigns. In doing so, I argue that World Bank, the United Nations, and American foreign policies are too often technocratic, narrow, depoliticized, and are executed in an urgent manner in the interest of neoliberal economic growth, security concerns, and “feel good” aid at the expense of more holistic, effective and accountable responses to global violence against women.

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36

Dey, Pascal, Hanna Schneider, and Florentine Maier. "Intermediary Organisations and the Hegemonisation of Social Entrepreneurship: Fantasmatic Articulations, Constitutive Quiescences, and Moments of Indeterminacy." Sage, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0170840616634133.

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The rapid rise of alternative organisations such as social enterprises is largely due to the promotional activities of intermediary organisations. So far, little is known about the affective nature of such activities. The present article thus investigates how intermediary organisations make social entrepreneurship palatable for a broader audience by establishing it as an object of desire. Drawing on affect-oriented extensions of Laclau and Mouffe's poststructuralist theory, hegemonisation is suggested as a way of understanding how social entrepreneurship is articulated through a complementary process of signification and affective investment. Specifically, by examining Austrian intermediaries, we show how social entrepreneurship is endowed with a sense of affective thrust that is based on three interlocking dynamics: the articulation of fantasies such as 'inclusive exclusiveness', 'large-scale social change' and 'pragmatic solutions'; the repression of anxiety-provoking and contentious issues (constitutive quiescences); as well as the use of conceptually vague, floating signifiers (moments of indeterminacy). Demonstrating that the hegemonisation of social entrepreneurship involves articulating certain issues whilst, at the same time, omitting others, or rendering them elusive, the article invites a counter-hegemonic critique of social entrepreneurship, and, on a more general level, of alternative forms of organising, that embraces affect as a driving force of change, while simultaneously affirming the impossibility of harmony and wholeness.

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37

Schlünz, Georg Isaac. "Advanced natural language processing for improved prosody in text-to-speech synthesis / G. I. Schlünz." Thesis, North-West University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/10634.

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Text-to-speech synthesis enables the speech-impeded user of an augmentative and alternative communication system to partake in any conversation on any topic, because it can produce dynamic content. Current synthetic voices do not sound very natural, however, lacking in the areas of emphasis and emotion. These qualities are furthermore important to convey meaning and intent beyond that which can be achieved by the vocabulary of words only. Put differently, speech synthesis requires a more comprehensive analysis of its text input beyond the word level to infer the meaning and intent that elicit emphasis and emotion. The synthesised speech then needs to imitate the effects that these textual factors have on the acoustics of human speech. This research addresses these challenges by commencing with a literature study on the state of the art in the fields of natural language processing, text-to-speech synthesis and speech prosody. It is noted that the higher linguistic levels of discourse, information structure and affect are necessary for the text analysis to shape the prosody appropriately for more natural synthesised speech. Discourse and information structure account for meaning, intent and emphasis, and affect formalises the modelling of emotion. The OCC model is shown to be a suitable point of departure for a new model of affect that can leverage the higher linguistic levels. The audiobook is presented as a text and speech resource for the modelling of discourse, information structure and affect because its narrative structure is prosodically richer than the random constitution of a traditional text-to-speech corpus. A set of audiobooks are selected and phonetically aligned for subsequent investigation. The new model of discourse, information structure and affect, called e-motif, is developed to take advantage of the audiobook text. It is a subjective model that does not specify any particular belief system in order to appraise its emotions, but defines only anonymous affect states. Its cognitive and social features rely heavily on the coreference resolution of the text, but this process is found not to be accurate enough to produce usable features values. The research concludes with an experimental investigation of the influence of the e-motif features on human speech and synthesised speech. The aligned audiobook speech is inspected for prosodic correlates of the cognitive and social features, revealing that some activity occurs in the into national domain. However, when the aligned audiobook speech is used in the training of a synthetic voice, the e-motif effects are overshadowed by those of structural features that come standard in the voice building framework.
PhD (Information Technology), North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2014

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38

Atta, E. "Gendered academic subjectivities in Cyprus : a psychosocial approach to the affective performances of academic staff and their investments in neoliberal and postfeminist discourses." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2017. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1565386/.

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In the fusion of neoliberalism and postfeminism and the anxiety-provoking environment of Higher Education (HE), this thesis explores the masculinities and femininities as they are negotiated by men and women academics in HE in Cyprus. The study uncovers gendered issues that emerge as academics construct new gendered academic subjectivities based on neoliberal and postfeminist discourses. Through a psychosocial lens and a combination of gender theories of the defended psychosocial subject (Hollway and Jefferson, 2013), theory of performativity (Butler, 1999) and theory of affect (Wetherell, 2012), the study explores how academics negotiate neoliberal and postfeminist discourses relating to issues of stress, anxiety and competition and how they respond to these events in the social (academic) sphere as these are shown through their affective performances. A qualitative study has been carried out and fourteen interviews have been conducted with seven men and seven women academics at four institutions (two private and two public) in Cyprus. The findings highlight the implications of New Managerialism, financial stringencies and the diversifying HE context for the construction of gendered academic subjectivities, discussing the emergence of new subjectivities such as self-maximising academics, money generators, entrepreneur and industry academics, individualistic and competitive, fossilized and wanna-be academics, family and career carer academics, hybrid academics etc. These subjectivities emerge as a way for defended academics to deal with the anxiety, pressure and competition caused by the introduction of neoliberal tactics. The study contributes to the area of gender, HE and academic subjectivities as it offers an understanding of gendered academic subjectivities of both men and women exploring how gender, masculinities and femininities may be shifting. Additionally, the study contributes theoretically, as it adopts a psychosocial approach moving beyond an essentialising and binary approach to gender but rather exploring gender focusing on affect and performativity and how academics invest in neoliberal and postfeminist discourses through their performances to construct masculinities and femininities. The findings also yield some interesting implications for future research as well as for policy government makers.

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39

Wang, Airong. "Learning English in a Multi-User Virtual Environment : Exploring Factors Affecting Participation." Doctoral thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för humaniora, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-30795.

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Online language learning and teaching is a field that has received a significant amount of research attention. What factors could affect student participation in simpler online learning environments has been investigated by researchers, but there has been limited study of factors affecting participation in complex Multi-User Virtual Environments. By using the typical Multi-User Virtual Environment Second Life, three English courses offered by Swedish universities were examined in this thesis. The courses were video-recorded, and selected parts of the recordings were transcribed. The transcribed recordings were complemented by author(s)’ observation, participants’ reflection, an online questionnaire and an online interview. Participation from the courses was measured both quantitatively and qualitatively. Quantitative methods were used to measure, for example, floor space, number of utterances, turn length, number of turns; the qualitative analysis centered on, for instance, utterance functions, discourse analysis, and Conversational Analysis. The results were published in five papers that focused on different central factors affecting participation in Second Life. In this thesis, the findings from those articles are synthesized. Furthermore, on the basis of the findings, a general model of factors affecting participation is presented and discussed to highlight that different factors interrelate and that some factors are particularly important in terms of affecting participation in Multi-User Virtual Environments. These are students’ technical skills, task design, course design, technical support, and Second Life technology. The complex technology also places critical demands on teachers’ technical skills, teaching strategies, and roles that teachers should play. Finally, this thesis argues that it is important to choose a suitable technology for an English course.

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Engman, Charlotte. "Sundi Mongo - En by i Kongo : Att skapa och behålla en utställning på Etnografiska museet." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för historia och samtidsstudier, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-29760.

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In this thesis the making and experiencing of the exhibition “Sundi Mongo – A village in Congo” is examined through ethnographical interviews with former and present employees at the Museum of Ethnography in Stockholm. The interviews, together with archive material concerning the exhibition, are analyzed with discourse theory in order to examine how discourses of defining Africa construct application and interpretation of the exhibition pieces. A significant element is dislocation, where the exhibition has been standing since 1983 and the meaning of the exhibition is now expressed as changed. This change of meaning is connected to the change of exhibition ideals and changes in the perception of the exhibition model; a real village called Sundi Mongo, located in southwestern Congo. Change and continuity also concerns interpretations of the museum’s cooperation with the Swedish Missionary Association and affective practices surrounding the exhibition pieces and objects in the museum’s collections. The construction of interpretations of the exhibition pieces and objects are also analyzed with the concept of fantasy.

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41

Pugh, Judith. "Controlling and constraining the participation of the hepatitis C-affected community in Australia a critical discourse analysis of the first national hepatitis C strategy and selected news media texts /." Connect to thesis, 2006. http://portal.ecu.edu.au/adt-public/adt-ECU2007.0021.html.

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42

Pugh, Judith D. "Controlling and constraining the participation of the hepatitis C-affected community in Australia: A critical discourse analysis of the first national hepatitis C strategy and selected news media texts." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2006. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/94.

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The construction of texts that place hepatitis C-positive persons at social risk (Candlin, 1989, p. ix), informs this study of the ways in which public health policy makers and journalists in Australia communicate about hepatitis C. The institutions of public health and the news media form part of the cultural context within which persons construct their illness narratives. The privileged perspectives and framing of public health policy and news media discourses; the discursive practices associated with the institutions of public health and the media around hepatitis C and hepatitis C-positive persons, the “objects” of knowledge (Foucault, 1969/2002, p. 81); and the subject and social positions available to hepatitis C-positive people and spokespersons of non-government organisations (NGOs) representing the hepatitis C-affected community are examined. The place afforded the voices of individuals living with hepatitis C in these forums to discuss topics of public concern is considered.

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Tavares, Edgley Freire. "O masculino em revista: m?dia, discurso e modos de subjetiva??o afetivos-sexuais." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2010. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/15312.

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This dissertation has the thematic of the sexual affection of the masculine subjectivity within texts of Universo Masculino and Men‟s Health magazines as object of analysis. The central objective was to describe and interpret the theme on the masculine subjectivity in discourses about the affection of sexuality materialized in discourse practices in those magazines. The main point of the research matters how the discourse structures of texts in those magazines make it possible to comprehend the meanings produced about the masculinity nowadays. On the perspective of the thematic trajectory what consists the main aspect that concerns the leading of corpus in the research under the French discourse analysis, we have searched, in reports of those magazines, an arch-genealogy of masculinity, from a specific sexual-affection disposable of our mediate culture. The analytic trajectory enables us to conclude that the thematic trajectory about the sexual affection of the masculine subjectivity produces a semantic way that confirms hegemony and hetero-normative ideals, rather than what proposes new performances on the masculine subjectivity experiences. In its real effects, such mediate discourse practice pursues to link certain sexual affection knowledge to the male individual‟s lifestyle today, from the thematic choices, enunciation modalities and discourse strategies which are specific to the masculine media
Esta disserta??o tem como objeto de an?lise a tematiza??o da subjetividade masculina afetiva sexual em textos das revistas Universo Masculino e Men‟s Health. Nosso objetivo central ? descrever e interpretar o tema da subjetividade masculina nos discursos de afetividade e sexualidade materializados nas pr?ticas discursivas destas revistas. A principal quest?o norteadora da pesquisa ? a problematiza??o do modo como a discursividade destas duas revistas possibilita compreender os efeitos de sentido produzidos sobre o masculino na atualidade. Na perspectiva do trajeto tem?tico, aspecto central no tratamento de corpus na pesquisa em an?lise do discurso francesa, percorremos, nas mat?rias das revistas, uma arqueogenealogia do masculino, a partir de um dispositivo de afetividade-sexualidade espec?fico de nossa cultura midi?tica. Nosso percurso anal?tico permite concluir que o trajeto tem?tico da subjetividade masculina afetiva sexual produz um trajeto sem?ntico que reafirma ideais hegem?nicos e heteronormativos, mais do que prop?e novas performances nas viv?ncias subjetivas masculinas. Em seus efeitos de verdade, esta pr?tica discursiva midi?tica busca ligar certos saberes afetivo sexuais aos modos de vida do sujeito masculino na atualidade, a partir de escolhas tem?ticas, modalidades enunciativas e estrat?gias discursivas espec?ficas desta m?dia masculina.

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Björck, Ville. "Induction and Commitment : A discursive psychological analysis of Nynas’ Induction Program and its influence on employee’s commitment." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för pedagogik, didaktik och utbildningsstudier, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-161317.

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Abstract In accordance with several scholars in the field of human resource management, developing employee commitment towards the employing organization is valuable due to the assumption that it increases their satisfaction, productivity and adaptability. By taking a pedagogical perspective focusing on impact processes, the aim of this master thesis is primarily to identify the constructions and functions of interpretive repertoires, of a few employees, in their descriptions of how the experience of Nynas’ Corporate Group Induction has influenced their commitment to Nynas, but also to categorize the constructions and functions of interpretive repertoires in a booklet underlined during the Corporate Group Induction, which I refer to as “This is Nynas”. In addition, the aim is to identify if other employees at Nynas share similar experiences, regarding the influence of the Corporate Group Induction. Moreover, the primary methodological approach used and theoretical perspective taken in this study is discursive psychology, based upon the premises of social constructionism. The empirical material is mainly consisting of interviews with six employees at Nynas, as well as of an analysis of the booklet “This is Nynas”. Additionally, the empirical material consists of a web-survey, based upon a five-point Likert scale, containing a sample of 25 employees. The study has identified two main interpretive repertoires in the booklet “This is Nynas”, explicitly the identity and the internalize repertoires, as well as subversions of these repertoires. In relation to this, the study has found that the interviewees in their language use to a large extent emphasize the interpretive repertoires constructed in “This is Nynas”. Furthermore, this master thesis have identified that the interviewees constructed certain interpretive repertoires when describing the experience of the Corporate Group Induction, and its influence on their commitment to Nynas, namely: the enhancement, the involvement, the development, the reciprocity and the constancy repertoires. Moreover, the study illustrates that the interviewees generally highlighted the Corporate Group Induction as having a strengthening influence on their commitment to Nynas, especially in relation to feelings of being a part of the company, due to the fact that they experienced themselves as active participants during the program. Furthermore, the result shows that the interviewees perceived the Corporate Group Induction as a sign of reciprocal dedication between themselves and Nynas, particularly on the subject of their integration into the company. Finally, the study has found that the experience of those who participated in the survey corresponded to a high extent with the interviewee’s experience of the Corporate Group Induction, and its influence on their commitment. Keywords: induction program, Corporate Group Induction, social constructionism, discourse analysis, discursive psychology, discursively constructed, reflexivity, commitment, affective, continuance, normative, Likert scale, late modernity, strategic sampling.

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Zouaidi, Safa. "La combinatoire des verbes d'affect : analyse sémantique, syntaxique et discursive français-arabe." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAL028/document.

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Le principal enjeu de notre recherche est d’aboutir à un modèle intégratif fonctionnel pour l’analyse des verbes d’affect en français et en arabe. Nous avons choisi d’étudier quatre V_affect : deux verbes d’émotion (étonner et énerver en français et leurs équivalents [ʔadhaʃa], [ʕaɣḍaba] en arabe]) et deux verbes de sentiment (admirer et envier et leurs équivalents [ʔaʕʒaba] et [ħasada]) appartenant aux champs sémantiques de la surprise, la colère, l’admiration et la jalousie. Plus concrètement, l’analyse se situe :– au niveau sémantique et syntaxique : les dimensions sémantiques véhiculées par les collocatifs verbaux comme étonner tellement, énerver prodigieusement, en français, et [ʔaʕʒaba ʔiʕʒāban kabīran] (admirer admiration grand) , [ɣaḍaba ɣaḍabaan ʃadīdan] (énerver colère sévère), en arabe, sont systématiquement reliées à la syntaxe (les constructions grammaticales récurrentes) (Hoey, 2005).– au niveau syntaxique et discursif : les emplois actifs, passifs, et pronominaux des V_affect sont étudiés dans la perspective des dynamiques informationnelles au sein de la phrase (Van Valin et LaPolla, 1997).D’un point de vue méthodologique, l’étude s’appuie sur une démarche quantitative et qualitative de la combinatoire verbale et privilégie la démarche contrastive. Elle est fondée sur le corpus journalistique français de la base de données EmoBase (projet Emolex 100 M de mots) et du corpus journalistique ArabiCorpus (137 M de mots).La thèse contribue ainsi à l’étude des valeurs sémantiques, du comportement syntaxique et discursif de la combinatoire des V_affect, en arabe et en français, ce qui permet de mieux structurer le champ lexical des affects par rapport à ce que proposent les études existantes en lexicologie. Les principaux résultats de l’étude peuvent être appliqués en didactique des langues, en traductologie et en traitement automatisé du lexique des affects dans les deux langues comparées
The paramount stake of this research is to achieve an integrative functional model for the analysis of affective verbs in French and Arabic. I have chosen four affective verbs: two verbs of emotion (to astonish and to rage in French and their equivalent in Arabic) and two verbs of sentiment (to admire and to envy in French and their equivalent [ʔadhaʃa], [ʔaɣḍaba] in Arabic) they belong to semantic dictions of Surprise, Anger, Admiration, and Jealousy. More concretely, the analysis is shaped:- On the semantic and syntactic level: the semantic dimensions carried by verbal collocations such as to extremely astonish, to rage prodigiously in French, and [ʔaʕʒaba ʔiʕʒāban kabīran] (admire admiration big)*, [ɣaḍaba ɣaḍabaan ʃadīdan] (to rage rage extreme), and in Arabic are systematically linked to syntax (the recurrent grammatical constructions) (Hoey 2005).- On the syntactic and discursive level: the usage of passive, active and reflexive forms of affective verbs are dealt with from the perspective of informational dynamics in the sentence. (Van Valin et LaPolla 1997).From a methodological point of view, the study is based on the quantitative and qualitative approach of the verbal combination and favours the contrastive one. It is founded on the French journalistic corpus of Emobase Database (Emolex project 100 M of words) and the journalistic corpus Arabicorpus) (137 M of words).Furthermore, the thesis participates in the studies of semantic values, the syntactic and the discursive behavior of affective verbs’combinations, in Arabic and in French, which will enable to better structure the diction of emotions in relation to what is proposed by current studies in lexicography. The main results of the study can be applied in language teaching, translation, and automated processing of emotions' lexicon in the two compared languages

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Connor, Jutterstedt Emelie. "Özz Nûjens ståuppkomik som diskursiv praktik: Humor, PK och självmotsägelser." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Genusvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-152109.

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Humour has for a long time been regarded as something unproblematic that in general shouldn’t be taken seriously, and humour research has mainly focused its positive functions and effects. However, humour is indeed a social and discursive practise that, just like others, have social implications. The aim of this essay is, informed by an intersectional perspective, to problematize and critically examine stand-up comedy as discursive practise and to make visible how humour build upon dominating discourses in society. The aim is also to examine the self-contradictory dimension of the jokes. In a critical discourse analysis of Özz Nûjen’s show Dålig stämning (2013), using PC (political correctness) as an overall analytical framework, the analytical categories ‘women’ as well as ‘ethnicity and culture’ are focused. My conclusion is that in all cases of Nûjen’s prerogative of interpretation, ‘stupidity’, as the lowest common denominator, sticks to symbols, bodies and phenomenon that are associated with something deviant or negative. By what is not expressed, a white, normative Swedish PC-identity is constructed as the abstract, preferable subject. Nûjen’s stand-up comedy, i.a. in expressions of self-contradiction, proves to mainly reinforce social norms. Consequently, negative preconceptions and biased representations of reality are cemented. Though Nûjen does contribute to sociocultural change to some extent, the elaborations of the jokes in most cases prove to sustain the social order. A renegotiation of identities is therefore made strictly limited. However, in one case, Nûjen does challenge the notion of identities as fixed and essential, when renegotiating the master status and construction of “The ethnical Other woman”.

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Van, Niekerk Marinda. "The unheard stories of adolescents infected and affected by HIV/AIDS about care and/or the lack of care." Thesis, Pretoria : [s.n.], 2004. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-05242005-150439.

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Le, Thien-Hoa. "Neural Methods for Sentiment Analysis and Text Summarization." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LORR0037.

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Cette thèse aborde deux questions majeures du traitement automatique du langage naturel liées à l'analyse sémantique des textes : la détection des sentiments, et le résumé automatique. Dans ces deux applications, la nécessité d'analyser le sens du texte de manière précise est primordiale, d'une part pour identifier le sentiment exprimé au travers des mots, et d'autre part pour extraire les informations saillantes d’une phrase complexe et les réécrire de la manière la plus naturelle possible tout en respectant la sémantique du texte d'origine. Nous abordons ces deux questions par des approches d'apprentissage profond, qui permettent d'exploiter au mieux les données, en particulier lorsqu'elles sont disponibles en grande quantité. Analyse des sentiments neuronale. De nombreux réseaux de neurones convolutionnels profonds ont été adaptés du domaine de la vision aux tâches d’analyse des sentiments et de classification des textes. Cependant, ces études ne permettent pas de conclure de manière satisfaisante quant à l'importance de la profondeur du réseau pour obtenir les meilleures performances en classification de textes. Dans cette thèse, nous apportons de nouveaux éléments pour répondre à cette question. Nous proposons une adaptation du réseau convolutionnel profond DenseNet pour la classification de texte et étudions l’importance de la profondeur avec différents niveaux de granularité en entrée (mots ou caractères). Nous montrons que si les modèles profonds offrent de meilleures performances que les réseaux peu profonds lorsque le texte est représenté par une séquence de caractères, ce n'est pas le cas avec des mots. En outre, nous proposons de modéliser conjointement sentiments et actes de dialogue, qui constituent un facteur explicatif influent pour l’analyse du sentiment. Nous avons annoté manuellement les dialogues et les sentiments sur un corpus de micro-blogs, et entraîné un réseau multi-tâches sur ce corpus. Nous montrons que l'apprentissage par transfert peut être efficacement réalisé entre les deux tâches et analysons de plus certaines corrélations spécifiques entre ces deux aspects. Résumé de texte neuronal. L'analyse de sentiments n'apporte qu'une partie de l'information sémantique contenue dans les textes et est insuffisante pour bien comprendre le texte d'origine et prendre des décisions fondées. L'utilisateur d'un tel système a également besoin des raisons sous-jacentes pour vraiment comprendre les documents. Dans cette partie, notre objectif est d'étudier une autre forme d'information sémantique fournie par les modèles de résumé automatique. Nous proposons ainsi un modèle de résumé qui présente de meilleures propriétés d’explicabilité et qui est suffisamment souple pour prendre en charge divers modules d’analyse syntaxique. Plus spécifiquement, nous linéarisons l’arbre syntaxique sous la forme de segments de texte superposés, qui sont ensuite sélectionnés par un apprentissage par renforcement (RL) et re-générés sous une forme compressée. Par conséquent, le modèle proposé est capable de gérer à la fois le résumé par extraction et par abstraction. En outre, les modèles de résumé automatique faisant de plus en plus appel à des approches d'apprentissage par renforcement, nous proposons une étude basée sur l'analyse syntaxique des phrases pour tenter de mieux comprendre quels types d'information sont pris en compte dans ces approches. Nous comparons ainsi de manière détaillée les modèles avec apprentissage par renforcement et les modèles exploitant une connaissance syntaxique supplémentaire des phrases ainsi que leur combinaison, selon plusieurs dimensions liées à la qualité perçue des résumés générés. Nous montrons lorsqu'il existe une contrainte de ressources (calcul et mémoire) qu'il est préférable de n'utiliser que l'apprentissage par renforcement, qui donne des résultats presque aussi satisfaisants que des modèles syntaxiques, avec moins de paramètres et une convergence plus rapide
This thesis focuses on two Natural Language Processing tasks that require to extract semantic information from raw texts: Sentiment Analysis and Text Summarization. This dissertation discusses issues and seeks to improve neural models on both tasks, which have become the dominant paradigm in the past several years. Accordingly, this dissertation is composed of two parts: the first part (Neural Sentiment Analysis) deals with the computational study of people's opinions, sentiments, and the second part (Neural Text Summarization) tries to extract salient information from a complex sentence and rewrites it in a human-readable form. Neural Sentiment Analysis. Similar to computer vision, numerous deep convolutional neural networks have been adapted to sentiment analysis and text classification tasks. However, unlike the image domain, these studies are carried on different input data types and on different datasets, which makes it hard to know if a deep network is truly needed. In this thesis, we seek to find elements to address this question, i.e. whether neural networks must compute deep hierarchies of features for textual data in the same way as they do in vision. We thus propose a new adaptation of the deepest convolutional architecture (DenseNet) for text classification and study the importance of depth in convolutional models with different atom-levels (word or character) of input. We show that deep models indeed give better performances than shallow networks when the text input is represented as a sequence of characters. However, a simple shallow-and-wide network outperforms the deep DenseNet models with word inputs. Besides, to further improve sentiment classifiers and contextualize them, we propose to model them jointly with dialog acts, which are a factor of explanation and correlate with sentiments but are nevertheless often ignored. We have manually annotated both dialogues and sentiments on a Twitter-like social medium, and train a multi-task hierarchical recurrent network on joint sentiment and dialog act recognition. We show that transfer learning may be efficiently achieved between both tasks, and further analyze some specific correlations between sentiments and dialogues on social media. Neural Text Summarization. Detecting sentiments and opinions from large digital documents does not always enable users of such systems to take informed decisions, as other important semantic information is missing. People also need the main arguments and supporting reasons from the source documents to truly understand and interpret the document. To capture such information, we aim at making the neural text summarization models more explainable. We propose a model that has better explainability properties and is flexible enough to support various shallow syntactic parsing modules. More specifically, we linearize the syntactic tree into the form of overlapping text segments, which are then selected with reinforcement learning (RL) and regenerated into a compressed form. Hence, the proposed model is able to handle both extractive and abstractive summarization. Further, we observe that RL-based models are becoming increasingly ubiquitous for many text summarization tasks. We are interested in better understanding what types of information is taken into account by such models, and we propose to study this question from the syntactic perspective. We thus provide a detailed comparison of both RL-based and syntax-aware approaches and of their combination along several dimensions that relate to the perceived quality of the generated summaries such as number of repetitions, sentence length, distribution of part-of-speech tags, relevance and grammaticality. We show that when there is a resource constraint (computation and memory), it is wise to only train models with RL and without any syntactic information, as they provide nearly as good results as syntax-aware models with less parameters and faster training convergence

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49

Ipar, Maria Cecilia. "Populismo: uma leitura da psicanálise na teoria política de Ernesto Laclau." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8131/tde-19102015-131103/.

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A proposta geral deste trabalho é realizar uma leitura das articulações com a psicanálise que permeiam a conceitualização do populismo de Ernesto Laclau. Em particular, detém-se na análise das dimensões teóricas centrais da concepção da representação da teoria da hegemonia que nos permitem pensar a identidade política popular como uma configuração discursiva que supõe uma transformação subjetiva específica, na qual se passa da demanda social à construção de uma vontade coletiva. Neste sentido, iremos analisar as dimensões da nominação e do afeto da teoria da hegemonia à luz de certas conceptualizações freudianas e lacanianas, como o conceito de sobredeterminação, objeto de desejo, point de capiton ou significante amo e gozo.
This work aims to analyze how the conceptualization of populism of Ernesto Laclau is related to psychoanalysis. Particularly, we focus on the main theoretical dimensions of the conceptualization of representation in the theory of hegemony, which allows us to interpret the popular political identity as a discursive setting that assumes a particular subjective change, departing from social demand to the building of a new collective will. Thus we will tackle aspects of nomination and affect in the theory of hegemony in light of some Freudian and Lacanian conceptualizations, such as overdetermination, object of desire, anchoring point (point de capiton), master signifier and joy.

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Kraler, Esther. "The Norms in the Body: Power structures and their Transgression through Arts-based research." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, REMESO - Institutet för forskning om migration, etnicitet och samhälle, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-162250.

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The aim of this thesis is to explore the entanglement of various power axes with the body through 'body mapping' and to look into how the implementation of the method enriches research processes. 'Body mapping' is an arts-based method which places the body in the center of social inquiry. This allows the body to be explored as a central site where social identity is negotiated, while being engaged in this exploration. This orientation might allow insights into how embodied power relations affect people’s lives and how 'body mapping' can contribute to this exploration through raising consciousness and bringing forward personal embodied knowledges. 'Body mapping' will thus ideally allow participants to see themselves through a different angle and thereby engage with questions of how normative ideas in relation to identity are shaping their experiences and feelings of non/belonging in Swedish society. This might initiate newly informed understandings in participants’ lives regarding critical consciousness on their positionality and foster participants’ connection to their bodies as sources of knowledge.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Discours affectif'

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