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Journal articles on the topic 'Disaster Wastes'

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Published: 7 July 2024
Last updated: 7 July 2024

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1

Abbott, David. "Disaster Public Health Considerations." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 15, no. 4 (December 2000): 32–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00025267.

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AbstractThis paper provides an overview of disaster public health preparedness, response, and recovery activities with particular reference to examples that have occurred in California. It discusses the public health considerations from two aspects: 1) general public health effects; and 2) public and environmental health control measures. The latter discussion is divided into: 1) drinking water; 2) human wastes; 3) food; 4) personal hygiene; 5) mass care and shelter; 6) solid waste and debris; 7) hazardous materials; 8) injury prevention programs and public health information; 9) vector control; and 10) disease control and surveillance. Two tables summarize the disaster medical and health functions as they relate to public health.
2

Mieda, Masuyuki. "Crushing and Separating Technologies for Disaster Wastes." Material Cycles and Waste Management Research 23, no. 6 (December 29, 2012): 437–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3985/mcwmr.23.437.

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3

Ndubuisi Elizabeth Chinyerem and Eguzoro Chika.Chelsea. "Environmental and living organisms’ disaster caused by discharge of drilling fluid waste." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 22, no. 1 (April 30, 2024): 393–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2024.22.1.1082.

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The oil and gas industry plays a vast and vital role in our society. Despite the numerous benefits of the production of crude oil, its activities pose a lot of dangers to the environment and living organisms because it generates a huge volume of solid and liquid wastes, thus, these wastes require treatment before disposal. The major drilling wastes are drilling muds, drilling cuttings, and obnoxious gas emissions. Parameters that should be considered during the disposal of decontaminated drilling muds and drill cuttings are heavy metals. These wastes are introduced into the environment through accidental spills as well as intentional discharge. The discharge into the environment has effects on humans, plants, birds, soil, and also aquatic life. Generally, oil based drilling fluid usage and disposal are not preferable. However, water based drilling fluid and synthetic based drilling fluid can be a technically and economically disposed because they are biodegradable. Generally, drilling waste disposal options are offshore disposal, onshore disposal and drill cuttings re-injection. Zero discharge can achieved by drill cuttings re-injection. However extensive study must be carried before drill cuttings can be re-inject to the formation. Disposal options must be evaluated based on economics, environment and operational aspects. This study aimed at evaluating the heavy metals present in the drilling fluid waste and drilling cuttings. The experiment was achieved with the aid of a Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (FAAS). Upon the investigation, it was discovered that lead concentration in drilling cuttings was the highest with the concentration of 1,058.9 mg/l and drilling fluid was 190.3 mg/l whereas NUPRC limit is 5 mg/l; the total chromium concentration in drilling cuttings was 19.16 mg/l and drilling fluid was 8.38 mg/l whereas NUPRC limit is 8 mg/l; zinc was 58.10 mg/l in drilling cuttings while in drilling fluid it was 23.96 mg/l whereas NUPRC limit is 50 mg/l; silver concentration in drilling cuttings was 14.67 mg/l and drilling fluid 0.91 mg/l whereas NUPRC limit is 5 mg/l; Cadmium concentration in drilling cuttings was 2.17 mg/l and drilling fluid was 1.36 mg/l whereas NUPRC limit is 1 mg/l. In no doubt. The study has shown that disposal of this drilling fluid waste and drilling cutting directly into the environment without treatment will be detrimental to the living organisms and therefore should be discouraged.
4

NISHIKAWA, Takanori, Naohiko HIBINO, and Sigeru MORICHI. "ISSUES AND CORRESPONDENCE ON PROCESSING OF DISASTER WASTES." Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. D3 (Infrastructure Planning and Management) 72, no. 5 (2016): I_103—I_110. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/jscejipm.72.i_103.

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5

HARUKAZE, Toshivuki. "Disaster and Waste Management. The Management of Disaster Wastes Caused by the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake in Hyogo Prefecture." Waste Management Research 6, no. 5 (1995): 373–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3985/wmr.6.373.

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6

Selvaraj, Siddharthan, Somasundaram Prasadh, Shivkanya Fuloria, Vetriselvan Subramaniyan, Mahendran Sekar, Abdelmoty M. Ahmed, Belgacem Bouallegue, et al. "COVID-19 Biomedical Plastics Wastes—Challenges and Strategies for Curbing the Environmental Disaster." Sustainability 14, no. 11 (May 25, 2022): 6466. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14116466.

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The rise of the COVID-19 outbreak has made handling plastic waste much more difficult. Our superior, hyper-hygienic way of life has changed our behavioural patterns, such as the use of PPE (Personal Protective Equipment), the increased desire for plastic-packaged food and commodities, and the use of disposable utensils, as a result of the fear of transmission. The constraints and inefficiencies of our current waste management system, in dealing with our growing reliance on plastic, could worsen its mismanagement and leakage into the environment, causing a new environmental crisis. A sustainable, systemic, and hierarchical plastic management plan, which clearly outlines the respective responsibilities as well as the socioeconomic and environmental implications of these actions, is required to tackle the problem of plastic pollution. It will necessitate action strategies tailored to individual types of plastic waste and country demand, as well as increased support from policymakers and the general public. The situation of biomedical plastic wastes during the COVID-19 epidemic is alarming. In addition, treatment of plastic waste, sterilisation, incineration, and alternative technologies for transforming bio-plastic waste into value-added products were discussed, elaborately. Our review would help to promote sustainable technologies to manage plastic waste, which can only be achieved with a change in behaviour among individuals and society, which might help to safeguard against going from one disaster to another in the coming days.
7

N. Madu, Christian, and Chu-Hua Kuei. "Disaster relief supply chain quality management (DRSCQM)." International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management 31, no. 9 (September 30, 2014): 1052–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijqrm-08-2013-0136.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop a framework for disaster relief supply chain quality management (DRSCQM). Design/methodology/approach – This paper introduces a structured approach to making decisions in the following areas: system foundation, system constraints, initial sudden natural disaster encounter point(s), the intensity of disaster, the efficacy of the disaster relief supply chain systems, and post-disaster relief management. Findings – The context-intervention-mechanism-outcome logic provides guidelines for facilitating Lean Six Sigma to eliminate wastes and improve the overall performance of the DRSCQM. Research limitations/implications – The theoretical frameworks will enhance the current knowledge base in DRSCQM literature and will also be helpful to manage disaster relief operations and supply chains. However, there is a need to conduct empirical studies based on the proposed frameworks in the future. Practical implications – A transformation process based on Dr Deming's plan-do-check-act cycle has also been proposed to show how a relief organization can assess its current maturity level, react to it, develop more sustainable disaster relief practices, and move the entire system in the right direction. Social implications – The systemic and holistic procedure developed in this paper views the environment of disaster relief as dynamic, complex, chaotic, and ever-changing and takes into account the fact that relief organizations’ actions often involve a team of diverse specialists working on a project basis. Originality/value – The framework presented here helps to improve the efficiency and the effectiveness of disaster relief supply chain management. This is timely and important now as there continues to be an increase in climate-related natural disasters.
8

Abdullahi, Haruna Ishola, and Oluwafunmilayo Adedoyin Oyinlola. "Flood disaster and national security: A criminologist`s exploration of Lagos metropolis, Nigeria." African Social Science and Humanities Journal 1, no. 1 (November 28, 2020): 71–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.57040/asshj.v1i1.21.

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The global disaster trends are worrisome to all stakeholders. The ugly consequences of flood disasters include loss of lives and property, disruption of economic activities, creating insecurity like theft, robbery, and many more. The consequence also puts pressure on the government to spend limited resources on rehabilitation and compensation of flood victims. Hence, this paper addresses flood-disaster preparedness and flood control in Nigeria through the criminological exploration of Lagos metropolis. The study applied exploratory and descriptive methods and relied on data generated through content analysis of books, journals, and online materials. This paper adopted the social control theory by Hirsch and broken window theory by George Kelly. The finding showed that people lack preparedness for the disaster events; they break urban master plans and structures to obstruct to flood. The anti-social attitude like indiscriminate dumping of solid wastes into drainages and carnal and weak enforcement of environmental laws. Also, undue cutting down of trees, lack of environmental policy and lack of political will to implement the existing ones, poor attitude to social and environmental policies are among the factors that are responsible for poor preparedness for flood disaster in Lagos Metropolis. The paper recommends effective public enlightenment, public advocacy on environmental safety and health security, rigorous enforcement of environmental laws, and an urban renewal scheme. This paper will benefit the ministries of environment and physical planning, the state, and the federal emergency agencies, non-governmental agencies, and researchers in the security and emergency studies.
9

Zhao, Xiao, Qing Yuan Wang, and Yong Jie Liu. "A Review on the Properties of Bricks Prepared with Recycled Waste Materials - Postearthquake Waste Consideration." Advanced Materials Research 661 (February 2013): 108–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.661.108.

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A huge number of buildings collapsed during the earthquake in Wenchuan. Recently, solid waste management of these post-earthquake wastes has becomes a major management concerns in Sichuan. As yet, no specific plan has been formulated for managing those components of the disaster. In addition to this, immediate efforts are needed to rebuild the collapsed houses within the city. Therefore, this paper aims to overview of some of the research published regarding the use of recycled waste or by-products in concrete blocks or bricks production. The mechanical properties such as compressive strength, tensile strength, water absorption and shrinkage are presented. Studies show that bricks and blocks can be made with recycled waste or by-products.
10

SAWAGUCHI, Takuma, Seiji TAKEDA, Hideo KIMURA, and Tadao TANAKA. "Estimation of Doses from Radioactively Contaminated Disaster Wastes Reused for Pavements." Japanese Journal of Health Physics 50, no. 1 (2015): 36–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5453/jhps.50.36.

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11

Takao, Kenji, and Saburo Ikeda. "Factor determining satisfaction with policies regarding disaster wastes: Flooded areas of cities." Japanese journal of psychology 77, no. 5 (2006): 458–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4992/jjpsy.77.458.

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12

SAKO, Noriaki, Shuichi SHIMOMURA, Yoshio IKEDA, and Tomoki FUJIKAWA. "A FEASIBILITY STUDY ON RECLAIMED GROUND FOR RESIDENCE AREA BY RECYCLING DISASTER WASTES." AIJ Journal of Technology and Design 20, no. 46 (2014): 925–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aijt.20.925.

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13

YAMANAKA, Minoru, Naoya TOYOTA, Atsuko NONOMURA, and Shuichi HASEGAWA. "Estimation of Amount of Tsunami Disaster Wastes for Shikoku Districts by Tounankai-Nankai Earthquake." Journal of the Society of Materials Science, Japan 63, no. 2 (2014): 131–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2472/jsms.63.131.

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14

Kawabe, T. "Recovery from Seismic Damage and Approach to Treatment of Disaster Wastes in Ofunato Plant." Concrete Journal 50, no. 1 (2012): 91–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3151/coj.50.91.

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15

Shehata, Salwa Mostafa. "Straw Wastes from an Environmental Disaster to ECO-Board towards a Sustainable Urban Environment." Procedia Environmental Sciences 34 (2016): 539–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proenv.2016.04.047.

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16

Ramadhan, Ethan Zahrul, Nurul Fathya Rahma Puspita Ramadhani, and Zakky Nooruddin Jamilulhaqq. "PEMBUATAN VIDEO ANIMASI “GREEN TOURISM” SEBAGAI MEDIA EDUKASI DALAM UPAYA MENGURANGI PERMASALAHAN SAMPAH PLASTIK." JOURNAL OF DIGITAL EDUCATION, COMMUNICATION, AND ARTS (DECA) 5, no. 02 (December 18, 2023): 100–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.30871/deca.v5i02.5791.

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Places like Bali, Tower of Pisa, The Eiffel Tower and such are called Tourist Attractions. The reason is that because of the functionality of the system is to serves as a recreational for tourists and best spots during vacations. However plastic waste and litterings have been a major ongoing issue across the world, not only it’s ruining the environment but it also reduces the lifespan of the surrounding ecosystem of the tourist attraction themselves. Indonesia has been the world’s number 3 worst plastic processing country in the world and the places that usually a go to spot for tourists have been contaminated by plastics, either by the locals or the tourists that currently visiting the place. According to Nat Geo’s report that in 2050, there will be at least 12 trillion plastic waste if the accumulation of plastic wastes is not prevented. Educating people to increase and spread awareness about how bad the plastic waste problem are now and how we as an individual reduces the upcoming plastic waste disaster is important, therefore an animation video that acts as an awareness media is created in hope to delivers the messages and prevent people from littering on a tourist attractions.
17

Tajima, Ryo, Masahiro Osako, and Tomohiro Tasaki. "Impact of Institutions on the Management of Disaster Wastes in the Great East Japan Earthquake." Journal of the Japan Society of Material Cycles and Waste Management 25 (2014): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3985/jjsmcwm.25.1.

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18

YAMADA, Takao, Akifumi NAKAO, and Noboru YOSHIDA. "Survey and Analysis on the Operating Status of Industrial Waste Incineration Facilities and the Support for General and Disaster Wastes Disposal." Studies in Regional Science 52, no. 1 (2022): 113–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2457/srs.52.113.

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19

OHNO, Hiroyuki, Tomoaki HACHIMURA, and Tetsuya MIYAHARA. "For the processing and disposal of disaster wastes in The Mid Niigata prefecture Earthquake in 2004." Proceedings of the Symposium on Global Environment 13 (2005): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/proge.13.31.

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20

Filer, Jamie, and Steven Schuldt. "Quantifying the Environmental and Economic Performance of Remote Communities." European Journal of Sustainable Development 8, no. 4 (October 1, 2019): 176. http://dx.doi.org/10.14207/ejsd.2019.v8n4p176.

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Remote communities such as oil production sites, post-disaster housing camps, and military forwardoperating bases (FOB) are often detached from established infrastructure grids, requiring a constantresupply of resources. In one instance, a 600-person FOB required 22 trucks per day to delivernecessary fuel and water and remove generated wastes. This logistical burden produces negativeenvironmental impacts and increases operational costs. To minimize these consequences,construction planners can implement sustainability measures such as renewable energy systems,improved waste management practices, and energy-efficient equipment. However, integration ofsuch upgrades can increase construction costs, presenting the need for a tool that identifies tradeoffsamong conflicting criteria. To assist planners in these efforts, this paper presents the development ofa novel remote site sustainability assessment model capable of quantifying the environmental andeconomic performance of a set of infrastructure alternatives. Through field data and literatureestimates, a hypothetical FOB is designed and evaluated to demonstrate the model’s distinctivecapability to accurately and efficiently assess construction alternatives. The proposed model willenable construction planners to maximize the sustainability of remote communities, creating sitesthat are more self-sufficient with reduced environmental impacts.Keywords: Sustainability, infrastructure, remote communities
21

Safdar, Muhammad, Tim Newson, Colin Schmidt, Kenichi Sato, Takuro Fujikawa, and Faheem Shah. "Effect of Fiber and Cement Additives on the Small-Strain Stiffness Behavior of Toyoura Sand." Sustainability 12, no. 24 (December 15, 2020): 10468. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su122410468.

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The disposal of 2011 Japan earthquake waste has become an important issue in Japan and it is not realistic or economical to send all of these wastes to landfill sites, due to limited space, high costs, and related environmental issues. In sustainable geotechnical applications, mixing of the separated soils from disaster wastes with additives (e.g., cement and fiber) is required to improve their strength and stiffness characteristics. In this study, monotonic triaxial drained compression tests are performed on medium dense specimens of Toyoura sand-cement-fiber mixtures with different percentages of fiber and cement (e.g., 0–3%) additives. The experimental results indicate that behavior of the mixtures is significantly affected by the concentration of fiber and cement additives. Based on a comprehensive set of test results, modifications to the series of equations were developed that can be used to evaluate the shear modulus and mobilized stress curves at small-strain levels. The experimental results and model comparison show that the elastic threshold strain (γe), reference strain (γr), increases with fiber and cement additives. In addition, the range of curvature parameter, from 0.88 to 1.0, provides a good comparison with the results of small-strain measurements. Overall, the comparison of the results and model shows that the small-strain measurements obtained using local strain transducers fall within the range of model upper and lower bound curves. The results of the unreinforced, fiber, and cemented sand shows a close agreement with the model mean curve, but fiber-reinforced cemented sand shows a good comparison with model upper bound.
22

Onishi, Akio, and Tomohiro Tabata. "Understanding of mitigation effect of tsunami disaster wastes from buildings generated to difference in function of seawall." Reports of the City Planning Institute of Japan 16, no. 1 (June 9, 2017): 78–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.11361/reportscpij.16.1_78.

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dos Santos, Alexsandro Jhones, Graziele da Costa Cunha, Daiane Requião Souza Cruz, Luciane Pimenta Cruz Romão, and Carlos Alberto Martínez-Huitle. "Iron mining wastes collected from Mariana disaster: Reuse and application as catalyst in a heterogeneous electro-Fenton process." Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry 848 (September 2019): 113330. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jelechem.2019.113330.

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24

Chandra Putra Parura, Tezario, and Benno Rahardyan. "Evaluation of Post-Earthquake, Tsunami, and Liquefaction Disaster Waste Management in Palu." E3S Web of Conferences 148 (2020): 06003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202014806003.

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The Central Sulawesi region is known as the meeting place for three of the world's main tectonics. As a result, the region is prone to natural disasters, especially those caused by the movement of these plates, which has prompted a shift in the Palu-Koro Fault. This also caused the 7.4 magnitude earthquake that devastated the coastal area of Palu Bay on September 28, 2018. Post-disaster waste management is one of the most important operational management systems ever developed to help affected communities and restore conditions to a stable situation after the disaster. In this study, the estimation of disaster waste generation was carried. In addition, an evaluation of disaster waste management was carried out as well as the formulation of disaster waste management mitigation, particularly earthquake, tsunami and liquefaction disasters. The estimated generation of construction disaster waste is 80,894,4 m3 and non-construction waste is 52,305.6 m3. Disaster waste management evaluation indicate that the lowest value in the evaluation aspect is in the aspect of community participation (30%) and the Financing aspect (37.5%). The establishment of a disaster waste management system will focus on the preparation of technical guidelines and Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) on disaster waste management.
25

Xu, Lei, Yanfei Deng, and Karen Mancl. "Environmental disaster risk reduction-oriented centralized treatment of hazardous wastes: A novel approach for production-distribution decision optimization in China." International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction 40 (November 2019): 101263. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2019.101263.

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26

Bhurtel, J., T. Higuchi, M. Ukita, and A. Kubota. "Emission of Polychlorinated Dibenzo--dioxins and Polychlorinated Dibenzofurans from the Combustion of Municipal Solid Wastes Produced by a Natural Disaster." Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 67, no. 6 (December 2001): 0848–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00128-001-0200-1.

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27

Sakai, Shinichi, Raju Poudel, Misuzu Asari, and Takuya Kirikawa. "Disaster waste management after the 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake: A mini-review of earthquake waste management and the Kumamoto experience." Waste Management & Research: The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy 37, no. 3 (December 17, 2018): 247–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x18815948.

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Millions of tons of debris can be generated by natural disasters, impacting the surrounding environment and posing health risks to the public. Proper handling and treatment of such waste is essential to overcome potential hazards as well as to reduce the burden on natural resources during the reconstruction phase. Disaster waste management can have social, economic, and environmental benefits if planned effectively. This mini-review focuses on the destruction caused and debris generated by the 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake in Japan. In addition, it elaborates upon the treatment of debris in Kumamoto at temporary and secondary storage sites by segregation and the adoption of a full-scale recycling system. It also shows that cooperative networks involving numerous organizations are important in managing a large amount of disaster waste. Finally, it presents comparative discussions of different aspects of disaster waste management in the Kumamoto Earthquake event and other disasters. The experience gained from the Kumamoto Earthquake is important for future disaster waste management planning.
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Bhurtel, J., T. Higuchi, M. Ukita, and A. Kubota. "Emission of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins and Polychlorinated Dibenzofurans from the Combustion of Municipal Solid Wastes Produced by a Natural Disaster." Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 67, no. 6 (December 2001): 848–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001280200.

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29

Anmulwad, Umesh. "Degradation of Disaster Waste By Using Insects." Science and Technology - An International Journal 01, no. 01 (June 13, 2024): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.69738/staij.2024.01.01.0009.

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Disaster is an explosion which originates due to some natural or man-made activities. It has short term or long term effects on human and environment. The disaster effects on human life, nature, environment, destroys roads and thousands of homes have been damaged. The explosion of disaster produces lots of garbage. The disasters contain contaminated waste, including plastics, food, newspapers, books and damaged electronic devices etc., various health and environmental hazards are produced due to adverse effects of disaster. Disaster are mainly classified into natural disaster and man-made disaster. Disaster makes environment polluted and unhygienic. To solve this problem we need a natural solution. For degradation of disaster waste we implement the various types of insects. The insects degrade the contaminated waste which pollute the environment. The black soldier fly and white grub are main species of insects used for degradation of disaster waste. Insects converts the degradable waste into compost. Which is used for agricultural field. This method of disaster waste degradation is a eco-friendly and locally available.
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Gubacheva, L. A., D. Yu Chizhevskaya, I. V. Makarova, and A. A. Andreev. "TECHNOLOGIES OF RATIONAL NATURE MANAGEMENT IN TRANSPORT." Ecology. Economy. Informatics.System analysis and mathematical modeling of ecological and economic systems 1, no. 5 (2020): 123–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.23885/2500-395x-2020-1-5-123-129.

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In modern conditions, the problem of waste pollution of the earth bowels, the atmosphere, natural and artificial water areas is especially acute. Domestic wastes are incinerated or taken to a landfill, as a result, there is an environmental damage – the area of alienated land resources increases and the atmosphere is polluted. The negative impact of municipal solid waste (MSW) on the environment, leading to climate change, an increase in the greenhouse effect and an increase in the number of natural hazards, makes it necessary to search for solutions to reduce harmful emissions into the atmosphere, increase the energy efficiency of processes, in particular, in transport systems, due to fuel efficiency using. The most negative impact on the state of the air environment is exerted by emissions in the exhaust gases of internal combustion engines, including those using natural gas, nitrogen monoxides and dioxides as fuel. Reducing harmful emissions is possible, for example, by improving the technology for producing generator gas as an alternative fuel, which makes it possible to reduce the concentration of nitrogen oxides in any devices for burning up solid, liquid and gaseous fuels in internal combustion engines. The article discusses the issues of waste generation and their impact on the environment, the technologies for rational use of natural resources in transport and methods for improving waste processing technologies are presented. A new horizontal design of a combined automobile gas generator has been developed. It makes it possible to transfer the power supply from liquid motor fuel to generator gas produced from woodworking industry waste, agricultural waste, solid household and polyethylene-containing waste. This will reduce pollution of the world’s oceans by slowly decomposing polyethylene, which are now acquiring the character of a disaster on a planetary scale. An increase in the environmental level of gasoline engines and a decrease of the amount of waste during the operation of road transport will be achieved with the modernization of the waste processing plant to obtain energy carriers for transport. In its turn, it will make it possible to form a natural and technical system to ensure environmental safety and protect the natural environment.
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Hartika, Martania, Pawito, and Prahastiwi Utari. "Brand activism on the digital public sphere: campaign content analysis of #BringBackOurBottle on Instagram." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1016, no. 1 (April 1, 2022): 012027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1016/1/012027.

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Abstract Brand activism is one of the organizational initiative practices voluntarily conducted to promote social, economic, environmental, and cultural issues which are considered as important matter and have wide impact for society aligned with the company’s vision and mission. Recently, this kind of activity mostly carried on social media as public sphere which becomes media communication, such as campaign to reduce plastic wastes conducted by The Body Shop Indonesia as effort to reduce environmental disaster and climate change impact. In this research, the researcher focused on the #BringBackOurBottle campaign carried by The Body Shop Indonesia by identifying messages through content visualization on Instagram account @thebodyshopindo.impact. Furthermore, the research used qualitative content for both photo and video post with hashtag #BringBackOurBottle. The research finding emphasized on two main messages within the content #BringBackOurBottle; the first, plastic threat for survival and the second is the drive for sustainable living. Besides, this research also showed that brands have power to create the consumer’s behaviour; it can encourage the consumers to participate in taking care of the environment through the program they continue to campaign.
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Zakianis, Fatma Lestari, Sifa Fauzia, Laila Fitria, Agustino Zulys, Budi Hartono, Adonis Muzanni, Saraswati A. Satyawardhani, Rajib Shaw, and Setyo Prabowo. "Identification of Hazardous Waste Risk Level in Central Java Province, Indonesia." Sustainability 15, no. 8 (April 7, 2023): 6390. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15086390.

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Hazardous waste may be an environmental and public health threat if not managed properly and may contribute to a regional multi-hazard when other natural disasters also exist. Hazardous and toxic waste may cause industrial disaster if its risks are not well identified and mitigated. This study aims to model the city/district-based risk assessment for each type of hazardous waste in Central Java Province for anticipating hazardous waste disasters and necessary responses. The concept of disaster is used as the method in this study, consisting of hazard, vulnerability, and capacity. The results showed that the generation of hazardous waste in Central Java Province was very large, amounting to 2,886,974.024 tons in 2021. The hazardous waste produced was sourced from 1233 types of businesses/activities in Central Java Province, with 4042 types of hazardous waste. The healthcare sector is identified as the sector that produces the most hazardous waste. Overall, the risk levels of the majority of hazardous waste types fall into the low category.
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Fadilah, Muhyiatul, Siska Alicia Farma, Delmira Syafrini, Khairul Fahmi, and Eka Asih Febriani. "Penguatan Ketangguhan Bencana Melalui Pendidikan Mitigasi Bencana Berbasis Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) dan Optimalisasi Peran Social Capital (SC) bagi Masyarakat Nagari KBKA Pesisir Selatan." Abdi: Jurnal Pengabdian dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat 4, no. 1 (March 23, 2022): 186–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/abdi.v4i1.277.

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Nagari Kampung Baru Korong nan Ampek (KBKA) Koto XI Tarusan District, Pesisir Selatan Regency has a high risk of natural disaster threats, namely earthquakes, tsunamis, landslides and floods. Meanwhile, Nagari KBKA is a potential village as one of the producers of Gambir in West Sumatra. The high threat of disaster risk and the impact of disasters on community activities, including economic activities, need serious attention. Many disaster mitigation education programs have been carried out, but have not touched on the empowerment of the KBKA natural local potential and the KBKA social system. This Community Service activity aims to strengthen community resilience to disasters by optimizing the existing natural resources and human resources in Nagari KBKA. This activity is carried out in 3 stages in the time span of July - November 2021 involving students, teachers, youth groups and housewives. The forms of activity consist of 1) Socialization on the potential, characteristics, symptoms and risks of disasters in coastal, hilly and mountainous areas and the importance of preparedness aspects, 2) Training to identify and utilize various social capital owned by the KBKA community, 3) Training to identify plants/vegetation potential in a disaster emergency period for preventing disasters, medicinal plants and alternative food), 4) Training to understand natural phenomena and changes in animal behavior before a disaster occurs, 5) Workshop on processing waste into ecoenzymes and 6) Planting Bungur Trees to reduce the risk of erosion in watersheds . The results of the activity show 1) an increase in the knowledge of students and teachers about natural phenomena, animal behavior, and potential disaster prevention plants, 2) an increase in the enthusiasm of the community for disaster preparedness, and 3) the acquisition of disaster prevention skills through waste processing into ecoenzymes.
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Suzuki, Shinya, Teppei Komiya, and Osamu Hirata. "Environmental risk assessment of landfill site that accepted disaster waste." Impact 2020, no. 2 (April 15, 2020): 36–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.21820/23987073.2020.2.36.

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Natural disasters can cause the destruction, spreading and mixing of a huge range of man-made materials. In the rush to clean up after a disaster a longer-term problem can often result at the landfill where the materials are disposed of. Simply gathering and dumping all this waste onto landfill as quickly as possible is inefficient, dangerous and costly. Dr Shinya Suzuki of the Graduate School of Recycling-and Eco-Technology, Fukuoka University, Japan has focused much of his career on this growing problem. He says the first step needed is to investigate past disasters and the approaches taken to cleaning them up. From this, it is then possible to set up better plans and approaches to disaster waste management. Disaster response involves not only the clarification of natural phenomena and the securing of human lives, but also the preservation of the natural environment and living environment and its early restoration and reconstruction. Disaster waste disposal is a very important issue not only from the viewpoint of early restoration of the living environment, but also to ensure that no legacy remains in the future.
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Arnold, Jeffrey L. "Disaster Medicine in the 21st Century: Future Hazards, Vulnerabilities, and Risk." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 17, no. 1 (March 2002): 3–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00000042.

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AbstractThe prediction of future disasters drives the priorities, urgencies, and perceived adequacies of disaster management, public policy, and government funding. Disasters always arise from some fundamental dysequilibrium between hazards in the environment and the vulnerabilities of human communities. Understanding the major factors that will tend to produce hazards and vulnerabilities in the future plays a key role in disaster risk assessment.The factors tending to produce hazards in the 21st Century include population growth, environmental degradation, infectious agents (including biological warfare agents), hazardous materials (industrial chemicals, chemical warfare agents, nuclear materials, and hazardous waste), economic imbalance (usually within countries), and cultural tribalism. The factors tending to generate vulnerabilities to hazardous events include population growth, aging populations, poverty, maldistribution of populations to disaster-prone areas, urbanization, marginalization of populations to informal settlements within urban areas, and structural vulnerability.An increasing global interconnectedness also will bring hazards and vulnerabilities together in unique ways to produce familiar disasters in unfamiliar forms and unfamiliar disasters in forms not yet imagined. Despite concerns about novel disasters, many of the disasters common today also will be common tomorrow.The risk of any given disaster is modifiable through its manageability. Effective disaster management has the potential to counter many of the factors tending to produce future hazards and vulnerabilities. Hazard mitigation and vulnerability reduction based on a clear understanding of the complex causal chains that comprise disasters will be critical in the complex world of the 21st Century.
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Karunasena, Gayani, Dilanthi Amaratunga, and Richard Haigh. "POST-DISASTER CONSTRUCTION & DEMOLITION DEBRIS MANAGEMENT: A SRI LANKA CASE STUDY." Journal of Civil Engineering and Management 18, no. 4 (September 11, 2012): 457–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13923730.2012.699913.

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The increasing nature of impacts from disasters has made post disaster management a key area of concern. The management of disaster waste is revealed as an area of least concern yet it presents momentous challenges for those with inadequate capacities due to the large volume and hazardous constituents created, specifically in developing countries. This paper aims to report the findings of post-disaster waste management strategies and challenges identified in Sri Lanka. Data was gathered through interviews with government and non-government organisations at national and local level. The lack of an established hierarchy and single point of responsibility, mandatory and enforceable rules and regulations; inadequate capacity and funds, and lack of communication and coordination were identified as gaps in post-disaster waste management. This enabled the identification of post-disaster waste management strategies, highlighting gaps that need to be addressed for effective C&D debris management for Sri Lanka's future resilience.
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Khakimova, N. U., and M. A. Zoitova. "Uranium tailings in the Istiqlol city: history, problems, solutions." Radiatsionnaya Gygiena = Radiation Hygiene 16, no. 2 (June 27, 2023): 102–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.21514/1998-426x-2023-16-2-102-113.

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The article provides an overview of the problems associated with the uranium tailings in Istiqlol city. Many uranium heritage sites in Central Asia, including the uranium tailings in Istiqlol, hadn’t been mothballed before the collapse of the USSR. The burial complex consists of a quarry, dumps of the “Poor Ores Factory”, an unpreserved open mine, destroyed industrial buildings and four tailings which contain 12 million tons of the uranium production waste. In the area of the tailings, the ambient dose rate of gamma radiation is 0.5–0.6 μSv/h, and at some points it reaches 3.0–4.0 μSv/h. The average annual radon emission from the surface is estimated at 3.9×1011 Bq/year. The contaminated areas also include the Sarym-Sakhly Sai stream, mine, industrial and quarry waters, which are characterized by an increased content of 234U, 238U and 226Ra. The facilities aren’t physically fenced, allowing free access for the public and livestock. Natural disasters such as mudflows, landslides, and earthquakes can lead to an ecological disaster. Attention is paid to the ways of solving problems such as monitoring radionuclides in water, soil, and air; working with the local population to inform and involve them in rehabilitation work; donors search. The Program for the Implementation of the National Concept for the Rehabilitation of Tailings of Uranium Ore Processing Wastes for 2016–2024 was developed and approved by the Government of the Republic of Tajikistan to minimize the radiation impact on the population and the environment. Implementation of the Program requires significant financial investments and trained personals in the field of radiation safety. Only through the joint efforts of the state, population and international organizations is it possible to fully carry out rehabilitation works. Only by joint the state, public, and international organizations efforts, it is possible to solve these problems. Also, one of the main reasons why the population had received unnecessary overexposure was its ignorance of the danger of using water, soil and building materials contaminated with radionuclides. Therefore, the culture of radiation safety should be studied starting from middle school, where students will be taught about ionizing radiation and possible ways of exposure. Then, both cases of intake of radionuclides into the body, which could have been avoided, and radiophobia among the population living near the extraction and processing of uranium ore, will be much lower. Some social and economic aspects are also touched upon.
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Adu-Gyamfi, Samuel, Kwasi Amakye-Boateng, Henry Tettey Yartey, Aminu Dramani, and Victor Nii Adoteye. "Nuclear Energy in Ghana? History, Science and Policy." Journal of Social and Development Sciences 8, no. 3 (December 13, 2017): 11–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jsds.v8i3.1972.

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This paper discusses the issue of nuclear energy in Ghana, although the country is not operating a nuclear plant, the study focuses on the energy crisis that persistently hit the country and government’s plans to opt for nuclear energy as part of Ghana’s energy’s mix to cater for the shortfalls in Ghana’s electricity generation. Ghana after independence decided to add nuclear energy into its energy mix to promote industrialization and make Ghana an industrial hub and investment destination as well as make it a net exporter of power in Africa. In spite of this plan for a nuclear plant resurfacing within contemporary discourse, there has been a strong opposition against the country going nuclear, citing some safety and security issues which are sometimes fueled by lack of an in depth knowledge of what nuclear energy really entails. Qualitative research approach was employed to investigate Ghana’s drive for attaining its initial plans for a nuclear plant. Data has been retrieved from both primary and secondary sources. The analysis of the data collected revealed that Ghana’s inability to operate a nuclear plant is as a result of fear of a nuclear disaster like it happened at Three Mile Island in Pennsylvania, USA, Chernobyl in Ukraine and Fukishima Daichi in Japan, as well as the safety of the nuclear plants and the radioactive wastes emitted into the environment. The study revealed that this fear of people regarding nuclear energy is over-emphasized and again the major nuclear disasters that have rocked the world were caused by human error; in most cases security warnings were ignored. The study established that the delay in executing the plans are due to monetary challenges since building a nuclear plant involves a lot of money. This notwithstanding, Ghana has enough skilled nuclear scientists to manage the country’s nuclear plants should any be built.
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Lee, Yoon-Ha, Young-Chan Kim, and Hyuncheol Seo. "Selecting Disaster Waste Transportation Routes to Reduce Overlapping of Transportation Routes after Floods." Sustainability 14, no. 5 (March 1, 2022): 2866. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14052866.

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Disasters have been a major subject of research considering damages caused in terms of losses of lives and properties and the functionality of critical services in cities. Floods generate large amounts of waste, causing several functional deteriorations, such as disrupted transportation, water supply, and wastewater management. Hence, it is necessary to establish an effective plan to secure urban resilience during the disaster response and recovery phases. This study proposes a method to reduce overlaps between disaster waste transportation routes and other emergency response activities after floods in the response and recovery phases. The network analysis of a geographic information system was used to analyze the supplying routes of evacuation, rescue/aid, hospital transportation, and police services for each disaster phase to reduce the overlapping of routes. The results showed that by using the proposed method, the average length of the disaster waste transportation routes increased by 25.29% and 9.80% in the response and recovery phases, respectively, whereas the length of the sections overlapping with the routes providing critical services decreased by 47.49% and 55.57% in the response and recovery phases, respectively. We believe that the proposed method identifies new corresponding key issues to establish disaster waste management plans to secure urban resilience after a disaster.
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Karunasena, Gayani, and Dilanthi Amaratunga. "Capacity gaps in post disaster construction & demolition waste management." Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management 22, no. 4 (July 20, 2015): 446–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ecam-08-2014-0107.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to focus on the identification of the existing capacities of post disaster C & D waste management in developing countries, with a special emphasis on Sri Lanka to determine the capacity gaps and related influencing factors. Design/methodology/approach – Multiple case studies and expert interviews were conducted to gather primary information on the existing capacities of disaster C & D waste management. Three case studies, including 15 individuals and six experts representing government, non-government institutions and others, were selected. Findings – The results revealed the existing capacities, capacity gaps and influencing factors for post disaster C & D waste management in the areas of skills and confidence building, links and collaborations, continuity and sustainability, research and development, communication and coordination, organisational implementation and investment in infrastructure. Research limitations/implications – This study limited disaster C & D waste to debris generated from totally or partially damaged buildings and infrastructure as a direct impact of natural disasters or from demolished buildings and infrastructure at rehabilitation or at early recovery stages. Originality/value – The research enabled an analysis of existing capacities and identified capacity gaps in post disaster C & D waste management with influencing factors developing countries.
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Deva, Ilir, and Renata van der Weijden. "A System Dynamics Modelling Approach for Electronic Waste Recycling after Floods in Jakarta and New Orleans." Advances in Environmental and Engineering Research 2, no. 4 (October 15, 2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.21926/aeer.2104037.

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Due to climate change, flood-related disasters are expected to increase. Floods generate enormous amounts of waste, including electronic waste (e-waste). E-waste should be recovered not only because it can have detrimental effects on human health and the environment but also because of the valuable metals contained in it. In this study, a system dynamics model based on current practices and waste management was established using Vensim to determine the revenue that can be generated by e-waste recycling after floods in two socio-geographic and economic contexts: Jakarta and New Orleans. At current recovery rates, the formal systems employed for recovering valuable materials would yield 8% (€58 million) and 14% (€80 million) of the potential yield for the Jakarta and New Orleans models, respectively. Moreover, the model estimated that informal e-waste recycling would yield €1.2 billion. The model also highlighted several problems encountered in post-disaster waste management in both scenarios, such as low capacities of temporary storage sites, increased landfilling rates, low yields of recovered e-waste components, and limitations on the transportation of waste. For optimizing the recovery of valuable metals, regulations addressing e-waste must be implemented more thoroughly, and post-disaster waste management guidelines must be revised to contextually address flood disasters. When more data are available, an improved model can be established and used as a basis for policymaking to improve the infrastructure of solid waste management to optimize e-waste recovery.
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Hirani, Shela Akbar Ali. "Barriers to Women’s Menstrual Hygiene Practices during Recurrent Disasters and Displacement: A Qualitative Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 21, no. 2 (January 30, 2024): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph21020153.

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Disasters that involve displacement are particularly challenging for managing personal and menstrual hygiene, which can increase the risk of toxic shock syndrome, infections and other health conditions that can endanger women’s lives. This study aimed to examine the menstrual hygiene challenges experienced by internally displaced women affected by recurrent natural disasters and subsequent displacement in the context of a low–middle-income country, i.e., Pakistan. A critical ethnographic study was undertaken in disaster-relief camps in the northern region of Pakistan. Data were collected using multiple methods, including field observations, review of media reports and in-depth interviews with 18 women. The findings suggested that the key barriers to the personal and menstrual hygiene of women during recurrent disasters and displacement in the mountainous rural region of Pakistan include inadequate housing, lack of infrastructure and humanitarian aid, no waste disposal system and lack of women-friendly spaces in disaster-relief camps. Community-based collaboration is necessary for the implementation of effective interventions. A comprehensive menstrual response to promote the health and well-being of women during disasters must include menstruation supplies, supportive facilities (mainly toilets and bathing facilities), supplementary supplies for storing, washing and drying, disposal/waste management facilities, education and culturally appropriate spaces and supplies.
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Khusna, Nur Isroatul, and Bayu Samudra. "IMPLEMENTASI PENDIDIKAN KEBENCANAAN DALAM MEMBENTUK DESA TANGGUH BENCANA BERBASIS PEMBERDAYAAN PELAJAR DAN MASYARAKAT DI DESA BESOLE KABUPATEN TULUNGAGUNG." Journal of Education and Learning Sciences 2, no. 2 (October 20, 2022): 28–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.56404/jels.v2i2.27.

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Besole village is one of the villages in Tulungagung Regency which is near the center of the world's active plate collision and is directly adjacent to the Ocean. The influence of this location makes this village rich in minerals, namely as the number one largest marble producer in Indonesia. But behind that, this village has a big threat from natural disasters. This is evident over the years that this area has been hit by floods and landslides and has a threat of a tsunami. Therefore, an effort to empower the community is needed to form a disaster-resilient village through the implementation of disaster mitigation management education. This program is intended for students and the community due to their vulnerability to being affected by disasters. The purpose of this activity is to 1) determine the planning of disaster mitigation management education implementation programs 2) carry out several activities in disaster-based community empowerment efforts, 3) increase knowledge, skills and attitudes of disaster preparedness, 4) find out the advantages, disadvantages, supporters and obstacles of empowerment programs disaster-based society. This study uses a research-based Participatory Action Research (PAR) method which is divided into stages of planning, action, observation and reflection. The results of this study are 1) the planning stage is held to formulate various actions based on the results of preliminary research, focus group discussion and disaster mitigation guidance, 2) the action stage contains various activities, namely waste management on the coast, implementation of earthquake and tsunami learning simulation models at the elementary and junior high school levels, installation of evacuation route signs in several vital objects, use of biopore infiltration hole technology, counseling on organic and inorganic waste management through waste banks. , making a map of the disaster evacuation route for the coastal area of ​​Besole Village, 3) this activity contributes to the Besole village community in increasing knowledge, skills and attitudes of disaster preparedness, 4) the advantages and supporters of this activity, the most important of which is the support from various parties, both from the government and non-government, while the first factor that becomes a shortage and obstacle is the location factor which is difficult to access.
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Pradhananga, Piyush, and Mohamed ElZomor. "Revamping Sustainability Efforts Post-Disaster by Adopting Circular Economy Resilience Practices." Sustainability 15, no. 22 (November 12, 2023): 15870. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su152215870.

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Post-disaster reconnaissance is vital for assessing the impact of a natural disaster on the built environment and informing improvements in design, construction, risk mitigation, and our understanding of extreme events. The data obtained from reconnaissance can also be utilized to improve disaster recovery planning by maximizing resource efficiency, minimizing waste, and promoting resilience in future disasters. This paper aims to investigate existing reconnaissance reports and datasets to identify the factors that impact the reusability of buildings post-disaster and to recommend strategies that align with circular economy goals. The study adopted a three-step research methodology to attain the proposed goals: (1) thematic analysis was used to evaluate types of damages reported in the reconnaissance reports; (2) a supervised machine-learning algorithm was employed to analyze reconnaissance datasets; and (3) a concept map was developed based on interviews of 109 stakeholders in disaster-prone communities to recommend strategies to adopt circular economy practices post-disaster. The study results highlight the recurring risks of damage to different parts of the building and how circular economy resilience practices like deconstruction can minimize waste and maximize resource efficiency during post-disaster recovery. The findings of the study promote a more regenerative economy to build resilience to the challenges of future extreme weather events.
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Noaman, Aws S., and Angham E. Alsaffar. "A Suggestion of a Procedural Method for the Management of Post-War Waste." Civil Engineering Journal 5, no. 10 (October 7, 2019): 2143–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/cej-2019-03091400.

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The increasing number of disasters (natural or man-made) worldwide has made post-disaster waste management an essential aspect of disaster recovery. This is obvious in Iraq where the Iraqi government faces an important challenge regarding the events of 2014 (ISIS gang conflict) and the accumulation of huge volumes of construction and demolition (C&D) waste resulting from military operations and terrorist destruction. Field surveys by the specialist teams estimated the amount of waste at about 10 million tons in the Nineveh governorate only, much of which comprises potentially useful materials that could be reused or recycled in the reconstruction process. This paper investigates the obstacles to the sustainable management of such waste in the Nineveh governorate. A pilot questionnaire survey of 76 experts working in the waste management sector was carried out to identify the obstacles to the sustainable management of accumulated waste in the Nineveh governorate. Data analysis was carried out using SPSS version 23.0. Based on the identified obstacles, a procedural method of managing post-war waste that accumulated in Iraq has been created. The paper illustrates several conclusions in the strategic, economic, social, and environmental sectors to address identified gaps in sustainable waste management in Iraq. It is hoped that this study’s results will support post-disaster sustainable development goals in Iraq.
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Prabhavat, Sumet, Worrawat Narongkhachavana, Thananop Thongthavorn, and Chanakan Phankaew. "Low Overhead Localized Routing in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2019 (September 22, 2019): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/9652481.

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Mobile Opportunistic Networks (OppNets) are infrastructure-less networks consisting of wireless mobile nodes and have been a focus of research for years. OppNets can be scaled up to support rapid growth of wireless devices and technologies, especially smartphones and tablets. Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs), one of OppNets technologies, have a high potential to be used for facilitating an extension for the Internet and a backup communication platform in disaster situation. However, a connection disruption due to node mobility and unreliable wireless links is possible to trigger a flooding operation of route repair process. This results in transmission delay and packet loss. The flooding of routing packets is an expensive operation cost in MANETs which affects network reliability and wastes limited resources such as network bandwidth and node energy. These are obstacles to practical implementation of MANETs in real-world environment. In this paper, we propose Low Overhead Localized Flooding (LOLF), an efficient overhead reduction routing extension based on Query Localization (QL) routing protocol. The purpose of this work is to control the propagation of routing packets in the route discovery and route repair mechanisms while incurring only a small increase in the size of control information in the packet. Simulation results from extensive experiments show that our proposed method can reduce overall routing overhead, energy consumption, and end-to-end delay without sacrificing the packet delivery ratio compared to existing protocols.
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Paulo de Mello, Deisy Pereira, Jacqueline Rogéria Bringhenti, Dejanyne Paiva Zamprogno Bianchi, Laís Selvatici Monte, and Wanda Maria Risso Günther. "Disaster waste: Characterization and quantification applied to an intense rain event." Revista Brasileira de Ciências Ambientais 56, no. 3 (September 1, 2021): 517–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/z217694781007.

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The amount and complexity of solid waste are intensified with the occurrence of natural disasters, compromising response and recovery actions, causing unplanned spending, environmental damage, and health impacts. The proper management of disaster waste requires knowledge of its characteristics such as quantity, composition, hazard, and management by the identified waste stream. This article aims at the characterization and quantification of disaster waste arisen from an event of intense rains, which occurred in 2013, in the municipalities of the State of Espírito Santo in Brazil. For characterization, an online survey instrument was developed and applied in institutions responsible for waste management. The survey was associated with a documentary analysis of photographic records and information obtained from the government database. Estimation of the amount of waste generated was carried out in a selected set using a method already applied in the south of the country. It was adapted to local characteristics and later compared with surveys carried out by the municipality. The characterization identified sediments, soil and mud, remains of vegetation, furniture, wood, and discarded scrap as the main generated waste. The estimated additional generation for durable consumer goods of around 1,700 tons of waste was lower than the municipal records (7,436.46 t) in the period. It was associated with the specific low weight of the considered affected goods and the inclusion of other residues in the data obtained in the city hall records. The methods used in the characterization and quantification presented application viability, through adjustments, and represented an important contribution to municipal disaster management to make cities able to face climate change, carrying out safe management of disaster waste.
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Cinar, Muhammet. "Utilization of Earthquake Demolition Wastes and Afşin–Elbistan Fly Ash for Soil Improvement after the Kahramanmaraş Earthquake (6 February 2023)." Sustainability 16, no. 2 (January 8, 2024): 538. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16020538.

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Türkiye is surrounded by active faults that have the potential to produce big earthquakes. Recently, one of these faults has become active. Two earthquakes of magnitude 7.7 and 7.6 occurred 9 h apart on 6 February 2023 in Kahramanmaraş. It is reported that 150 million tons of earthquake demolition waste (EDW) is estimated to be produced as a result of those natural hazards. This waste poses a serious risk to both the environment and human health. Its use in geotechnical applications will provide serious environmental benefits. In this study, Afşin–Elbistan fly ash (AEFA) and EDW were used to stabilize weak clayey soils in different proportions. Samples were prepared by separately adding 5, 10, 15, and 20% AEFA and EDW to high-plasticity clay. The AEFA used in this study was used because the production of AEFA is too high, and it is not used in concrete production because it does not comply with the standards and causes serious environmental problems for the region. The Atterberg limit, standard compaction, unconfined compression strength (UCS), triaxial, and California bearing ratio (CBR) tests were performed on soil samples, and samples were prepared from soil mixtures with various proportions of AEFA and EDW added. In addition, clay mixtures were prepared with EDW by keeping the AEFA ratio constant at 15% and their effects were also investigated. According to Atterberg test results, the natural soil class was determined as high-plasticity clay, the soil class of the mixtures created by adding EDW and AEFA was determined as low-plasticity clay, and all ternary mixtures were determined as low-plasticity silt. In addition, the maximum dry density increased for all mixtures, while the optimum water content decreased. A significant increase was observed in UCS test results, especially in ternary mixtures. While cohesion increased in AEFA mixtures, it decreased in ternary mixtures as the EDW ratio increased. It was observed that the internal friction angle increased in all mixtures. According to CBR test results, it was determined that the binary AEFA mixture ratio was 20%, the binary EDW mixture ratio was 10% and above, and all ratios of the ternary AEFA + EDW mixtures could be used as road sub-base material. After the major earthquake disaster, the use of EDW is of great importance for the environment. As a result, AEFA and EDW were found to enhance the geotechnical properties of clay.
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Bai, Gexue, Jian Qin, Yunlong Hou, and Baofeng Wan. "Summary of Information Monitoring Methods and Principles of Debris Flow Disasters." E3S Web of Conferences 352 (2022): 03037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202235203037.

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Debris flow is a sudden geological disaster, once it occurs, it will cause irreparable economic losses and casualties. In recent years, debris flow disaster control methods emerge in endlessly, among which monitoring and early warning method is the most effective and economic method. In this paper, through the analysis of the monitoring content of material source, water source, characteristics of debris flow mass and the comparison of the current monitoring technology and methods, which is conducive to the selection of monitoring methods for the prevention and control of actual geological disasters, which can avoid the waste of resources.
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SHIMAOKA, Takayuki. "Disaster and Waste Management. An Investigation on Solid Waste Generations by Natural Disasters and Disposal Measures." Waste Management Research 6, no. 5 (1995): 360–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3985/wmr.6.360.

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