Relevant bibliographies by topics / Disaster Wastes

Academic literature on the topic 'Disaster Wastes'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 7 July 2024
Last updated: 7 July 2024

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Journal articles on the topic "Disaster Wastes":

1

Abbott, David. "Disaster Public Health Considerations." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 15, no. 4 (December 2000): 32–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00025267.

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AbstractThis paper provides an overview of disaster public health preparedness, response, and recovery activities with particular reference to examples that have occurred in California. It discusses the public health considerations from two aspects: 1) general public health effects; and 2) public and environmental health control measures. The latter discussion is divided into: 1) drinking water; 2) human wastes; 3) food; 4) personal hygiene; 5) mass care and shelter; 6) solid waste and debris; 7) hazardous materials; 8) injury prevention programs and public health information; 9) vector control; and 10) disease control and surveillance. Two tables summarize the disaster medical and health functions as they relate to public health.
2

Mieda, Masuyuki. "Crushing and Separating Technologies for Disaster Wastes." Material Cycles and Waste Management Research 23, no. 6 (December 29, 2012): 437–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3985/mcwmr.23.437.

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3

Ndubuisi Elizabeth Chinyerem and Eguzoro Chika.Chelsea. "Environmental and living organisms’ disaster caused by discharge of drilling fluid waste." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 22, no. 1 (April 30, 2024): 393–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2024.22.1.1082.

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The oil and gas industry plays a vast and vital role in our society. Despite the numerous benefits of the production of crude oil, its activities pose a lot of dangers to the environment and living organisms because it generates a huge volume of solid and liquid wastes, thus, these wastes require treatment before disposal. The major drilling wastes are drilling muds, drilling cuttings, and obnoxious gas emissions. Parameters that should be considered during the disposal of decontaminated drilling muds and drill cuttings are heavy metals. These wastes are introduced into the environment through accidental spills as well as intentional discharge. The discharge into the environment has effects on humans, plants, birds, soil, and also aquatic life. Generally, oil based drilling fluid usage and disposal are not preferable. However, water based drilling fluid and synthetic based drilling fluid can be a technically and economically disposed because they are biodegradable. Generally, drilling waste disposal options are offshore disposal, onshore disposal and drill cuttings re-injection. Zero discharge can achieved by drill cuttings re-injection. However extensive study must be carried before drill cuttings can be re-inject to the formation. Disposal options must be evaluated based on economics, environment and operational aspects. This study aimed at evaluating the heavy metals present in the drilling fluid waste and drilling cuttings. The experiment was achieved with the aid of a Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (FAAS). Upon the investigation, it was discovered that lead concentration in drilling cuttings was the highest with the concentration of 1,058.9 mg/l and drilling fluid was 190.3 mg/l whereas NUPRC limit is 5 mg/l; the total chromium concentration in drilling cuttings was 19.16 mg/l and drilling fluid was 8.38 mg/l whereas NUPRC limit is 8 mg/l; zinc was 58.10 mg/l in drilling cuttings while in drilling fluid it was 23.96 mg/l whereas NUPRC limit is 50 mg/l; silver concentration in drilling cuttings was 14.67 mg/l and drilling fluid 0.91 mg/l whereas NUPRC limit is 5 mg/l; Cadmium concentration in drilling cuttings was 2.17 mg/l and drilling fluid was 1.36 mg/l whereas NUPRC limit is 1 mg/l. In no doubt. The study has shown that disposal of this drilling fluid waste and drilling cutting directly into the environment without treatment will be detrimental to the living organisms and therefore should be discouraged.
4

NISHIKAWA, Takanori, Naohiko HIBINO, and Sigeru MORICHI. "ISSUES AND CORRESPONDENCE ON PROCESSING OF DISASTER WASTES." Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. D3 (Infrastructure Planning and Management) 72, no. 5 (2016): I_103—I_110. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/jscejipm.72.i_103.

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HARUKAZE, Toshivuki. "Disaster and Waste Management. The Management of Disaster Wastes Caused by the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake in Hyogo Prefecture." Waste Management Research 6, no. 5 (1995): 373–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3985/wmr.6.373.

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6

Selvaraj, Siddharthan, Somasundaram Prasadh, Shivkanya Fuloria, Vetriselvan Subramaniyan, Mahendran Sekar, Abdelmoty M. Ahmed, Belgacem Bouallegue, et al. "COVID-19 Biomedical Plastics Wastes—Challenges and Strategies for Curbing the Environmental Disaster." Sustainability 14, no. 11 (May 25, 2022): 6466. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14116466.

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The rise of the COVID-19 outbreak has made handling plastic waste much more difficult. Our superior, hyper-hygienic way of life has changed our behavioural patterns, such as the use of PPE (Personal Protective Equipment), the increased desire for plastic-packaged food and commodities, and the use of disposable utensils, as a result of the fear of transmission. The constraints and inefficiencies of our current waste management system, in dealing with our growing reliance on plastic, could worsen its mismanagement and leakage into the environment, causing a new environmental crisis. A sustainable, systemic, and hierarchical plastic management plan, which clearly outlines the respective responsibilities as well as the socioeconomic and environmental implications of these actions, is required to tackle the problem of plastic pollution. It will necessitate action strategies tailored to individual types of plastic waste and country demand, as well as increased support from policymakers and the general public. The situation of biomedical plastic wastes during the COVID-19 epidemic is alarming. In addition, treatment of plastic waste, sterilisation, incineration, and alternative technologies for transforming bio-plastic waste into value-added products were discussed, elaborately. Our review would help to promote sustainable technologies to manage plastic waste, which can only be achieved with a change in behaviour among individuals and society, which might help to safeguard against going from one disaster to another in the coming days.
7

N. Madu, Christian, and Chu-Hua Kuei. "Disaster relief supply chain quality management (DRSCQM)." International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management 31, no. 9 (September 30, 2014): 1052–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijqrm-08-2013-0136.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop a framework for disaster relief supply chain quality management (DRSCQM). Design/methodology/approach – This paper introduces a structured approach to making decisions in the following areas: system foundation, system constraints, initial sudden natural disaster encounter point(s), the intensity of disaster, the efficacy of the disaster relief supply chain systems, and post-disaster relief management. Findings – The context-intervention-mechanism-outcome logic provides guidelines for facilitating Lean Six Sigma to eliminate wastes and improve the overall performance of the DRSCQM. Research limitations/implications – The theoretical frameworks will enhance the current knowledge base in DRSCQM literature and will also be helpful to manage disaster relief operations and supply chains. However, there is a need to conduct empirical studies based on the proposed frameworks in the future. Practical implications – A transformation process based on Dr Deming's plan-do-check-act cycle has also been proposed to show how a relief organization can assess its current maturity level, react to it, develop more sustainable disaster relief practices, and move the entire system in the right direction. Social implications – The systemic and holistic procedure developed in this paper views the environment of disaster relief as dynamic, complex, chaotic, and ever-changing and takes into account the fact that relief organizations’ actions often involve a team of diverse specialists working on a project basis. Originality/value – The framework presented here helps to improve the efficiency and the effectiveness of disaster relief supply chain management. This is timely and important now as there continues to be an increase in climate-related natural disasters.
8

Abdullahi, Haruna Ishola, and Oluwafunmilayo Adedoyin Oyinlola. "Flood disaster and national security: A criminologist`s exploration of Lagos metropolis, Nigeria." African Social Science and Humanities Journal 1, no. 1 (November 28, 2020): 71–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.57040/asshj.v1i1.21.

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The global disaster trends are worrisome to all stakeholders. The ugly consequences of flood disasters include loss of lives and property, disruption of economic activities, creating insecurity like theft, robbery, and many more. The consequence also puts pressure on the government to spend limited resources on rehabilitation and compensation of flood victims. Hence, this paper addresses flood-disaster preparedness and flood control in Nigeria through the criminological exploration of Lagos metropolis. The study applied exploratory and descriptive methods and relied on data generated through content analysis of books, journals, and online materials. This paper adopted the social control theory by Hirsch and broken window theory by George Kelly. The finding showed that people lack preparedness for the disaster events; they break urban master plans and structures to obstruct to flood. The anti-social attitude like indiscriminate dumping of solid wastes into drainages and carnal and weak enforcement of environmental laws. Also, undue cutting down of trees, lack of environmental policy and lack of political will to implement the existing ones, poor attitude to social and environmental policies are among the factors that are responsible for poor preparedness for flood disaster in Lagos Metropolis. The paper recommends effective public enlightenment, public advocacy on environmental safety and health security, rigorous enforcement of environmental laws, and an urban renewal scheme. This paper will benefit the ministries of environment and physical planning, the state, and the federal emergency agencies, non-governmental agencies, and researchers in the security and emergency studies.
9

Zhao, Xiao, Qing Yuan Wang, and Yong Jie Liu. "A Review on the Properties of Bricks Prepared with Recycled Waste Materials - Postearthquake Waste Consideration." Advanced Materials Research 661 (February 2013): 108–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.661.108.

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A huge number of buildings collapsed during the earthquake in Wenchuan. Recently, solid waste management of these post-earthquake wastes has becomes a major management concerns in Sichuan. As yet, no specific plan has been formulated for managing those components of the disaster. In addition to this, immediate efforts are needed to rebuild the collapsed houses within the city. Therefore, this paper aims to overview of some of the research published regarding the use of recycled waste or by-products in concrete blocks or bricks production. The mechanical properties such as compressive strength, tensile strength, water absorption and shrinkage are presented. Studies show that bricks and blocks can be made with recycled waste or by-products.
10

SAWAGUCHI, Takuma, Seiji TAKEDA, Hideo KIMURA, and Tadao TANAKA. "Estimation of Doses from Radioactively Contaminated Disaster Wastes Reused for Pavements." Japanese Journal of Health Physics 50, no. 1 (2015): 36–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5453/jhps.50.36.

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You might also be interested in the extended bibliographies on the topic 'Disaster Wastes' for particular source types:
Journal articles Dissertations / Theses Books

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Disaster Wastes":

1

Brown, Charlotte Olivia. "Disaster Waste Management: a systems approach." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Civil and Natural Resources Engineering, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/7038.

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Depending on their nature and severity, disasters can create large volumes of debris and waste. Waste volumes from a single event can be the equivalent of many times the annual waste generation rate of the affected community. These volumes can overwhelm existing solid waste management facilities and personnel. Mismanagement of disaster waste can affect both the response and long term recovery of a disaster affected area. Previous research into disaster waste management has been either context specific or event specific, making it difficult to transfer lessons from one disaster event to another. The aim of this research is to develop a systems understanding of disaster waste management and in turn develop context- and disaster-transferrable decision-making guidance for emergency and waste managers. To research this complex and multi-disciplinary problem, a multi-hazard, multi-context, multi-case study approach was adopted. The research focussed on five major disaster events: 2011 Christchurch earthquake, 2009 Victorian Bushfires, 2009 Samoan tsunami, 2009 L’Aquila earthquake and 2005 Hurricane Katrina. The first stage of the analysis involved the development of a set of ‘disaster & disaster waste’ impact indicators. The indicators demonstrate a method by which disaster managers, planners and researchers can simplify the very large spectra of possible disaster impacts, into some key decision-drivers which will likely influence post-disaster management requirements. The second stage of the research was to develop a set of criteria to represent the desirable environmental, economic, social and recovery effects of a successful disaster waste management system. These criteria were used to assess the effectiveness of the disaster waste management approaches for the case studies. The third stage of the research was the cross-case analysis. Six main elements of disaster waste management systems were identified and analysed. These were: strategic management, funding mechanisms, operational management, environmental and human health risk management, and legislation and regulation. Within each of these system elements, key decision-making guidance (linked to the ‘disaster & disaster waste’ indicators) and management principles were developed. The ‘disaster & disaster waste’ impact indicators, the effects assessment criteria and management principles have all been developed so that they can be practically applied to disaster waste management planning and response in the future.
2

Souza, Andrew A. "Wasted resources volunteers and disasters." Thesis, Monterey, California : Naval Postgraduate School, 2009. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2009/Dec/09Dec%5FSouza.pdf.

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Thesis (M.A. in Security Studies (Homeland Security and Defense))--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2009.
Thesis Advisor(s): Dahl, Erik. Second Reader: Piombo, Jessica. "December 2009." Description based on title screen as viewed on January 26, 2010. Author(s) subject terms: Volunteer, Convergene, Real ID, National Identity Card, WHTI, Volunteer Mobilization Center, First Responder Credentialing Includes bibliographical references (p. 97-105). Also available in print.
3

Marchesini, Gaïa. "La gestion des déchets lors de catastrophes naturelles : organisation, désorganisation et réorganisation du système et des filières." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Gustave Eiffel, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UEFL2011.

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Le système de gestion des déchets se réorganise lors des événements exceptionnels pour répondre à l'évolution des contraintes en lien avec l'évolution des quantités et types de déchets, le mélange des déchets et les interdépendances avec les autres systèmes techniques urbains (coupure des routes, encombrement des réseaux, etc.). De nombreux acteurs, notamment de la gestion de crise, voient alors évoluer leurs implications dans la gestion des déchets post-catastrophe. Cette thèse s'intéresse à ces aspects de l'après événement et de la gestion des déchets autour de la question suivante : comment le système et les filières de gestion des déchets se transforment face à des contraintes extérieures fortes, comme celles produites par une catastrophe naturelle ? Pour cela, la recherche doctorale utilise et spécifie une méthode inspirée de l'analyse fonctionnelle. Elle enrichit les études classiques, qui structurent en deux temps - « analyse fonctionnelle » et « analyse dysfonctionnelle » - l'étude du système, en proposant de décliner six temporalités qui font écho à la gestion des risques naturels : le système fonctionnel, la pré-catastrophe, la survenue de l'aléa, la phase d'urgence, le relèvement et le recouvrement. L'analyse fonctionnelle est également couplée à une analyse filière : les filières de gestion des déchets sont paramétrées dans le système pour permettre de suivre leur évolution. La méthode conçue dans la thèse a été appliquée pour analyser la gestion des déchets dans la vallée de la Roya après la tempête Alex en octobre 2020. Malgré les difficultés relatives à la pandémie de Covid-19, cette phase d'application a donné lieu à deux déplacements terrains (respectivement d'un mois et d'une semaine) qui ont pu être réalisés en 2021 et complétés par des entretiens à distance. Les résultats obtenus montrent que l'hypothèse de considérer de nouvelles filières parait raisonnable : une filière générale « déchets post-catastrophe » ou encore des filières déchets verts post-catastrophe, etc. Toutefois, la thèse questionne la pertinence en termes de préparation et de planification de la mise en place de telles filières, notamment vis-à-vis de l'incertitude de leur activation et de la disponibilité de moyens humains, techniques et financiers pour les mettre en place. La possibilité de replacer la gestion des déchets comme une activité d'importance vitale est une alternative qui parait également intéressante. Elle pourrait induire d'autres aspects sur la responsabilisation des acteurs de la gestion des déchets, la conservation des filières existantes même après une catastrophe, et l'intégration du système de gestion des déchets dans la culture commune de la gestion de crise en lien avec les autres activités d'importance vitale, dont les autres systèmes sociotechniques urbains (énergie, transport, télécommunication, eau et assainissement)
The waste management system reorganises during exceptional events to address new constraints linked both to the sudden shift in the quantities, types and mixes of waste, and to the interdependencies with other urban technical systems (road cutting, network congestion, etc.). The involvement in waste management of many stakeholders, particularly from emergency management, evolves. This thesis focuses on these aspects of post-event and waste management around the following question: how do the waste management system and chains transform in the face of strong external constraints, such as those produced by a natural disaster ? Doctoral research uses and specifies a method inspired by functional analysis. It enriches classic studies, which structure the study of the system in two stages - “functional analysis” and “dysfunctional analysis”, by proposing to break down the analysis into six temporalities from natural risk management: the functional system, the pre-disaster, the occurrence of the hazard, the emergency phase, rehabilitation and recovery. The functional analysis is coupled with a chain analysis: the waste management chains are configured in the system to enable the monitoring of their evolution. The method is applied to analyse waste management in the Roya Valley (South France) after Storm Alex in October 2020. Despite the difficulties related to the Covid-19 pandemic, this application phase extended into two field trips (which respectively lasted for a month and a week) which were carried out in 2021 and supplemented by remote interviews. The results show that the hypothesis of considering new waste chains such as a general “disaster waste” chain or even a green disaster waste chain seems reasonable. However, the thesis questions the relevance in terms of preparation and planning of the establishment of such chains, particularly with the uncertainty of their activation and the availability of human, technical and financial means to implement them. Another alternative seems interesting: the possibility of considering waste management as a critical infrastructure (called "activity of vital importance" in France). This qualification could help bring clarity over the responsibilities of waste management stakeholders, and promote the conservation of existing chains even after a disaster. In addition, it might foster the integration of the waste management system into the common culture of crisis management shared between other critical activities, including other urban sociotechnical networks (energy, transport, telecommunications, water and sanitation)
4

Petäjävaara, Ida. "Sustainability and Health in Disaster Waste Management." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för naturvetenskap, miljö och teknik, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-20231.

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In order to see if, and how, future aid efforts can be improved and better contribute to a more sustainable and resilient society this essay is about how management of solid waste generated in emergency situations work and what effects the waste have on public health. This is investigated using information collected from secondary sources and interviews with three persons who have knowledge and experience in the subject. Health and sustainability are of importance in the guidelines that deal with management of waste in disaster situations. However, there are no documentations of real experiences of disaster waste impacts on human health. Even so the waste might contaminate drinking water and increase the amount of disease-carrying vectors in the area. Previous conditions in the country, low priority of waste and information to the public are some of the main features preventing optimal function of a sustainable and healthy waste management.
För att se om och hur framtida biståndsinsatser kan förbättras och i större utsträckning bidra till ett mer hållbart och motståndskraftigt samhälle handlar denna uppsats om hur hanteringen av katastrofavfall fungerar och vilka effekter detta avfall har på människors hälsa. Detta undersöks med hjälp av information som samlats in från sekundärkällor samt intervjuer med tre personer som har kunskap och erfarenhet i ämnet. Hälsa och hållbarhet är av betydelse i de riktlinjer som behandlar hantering av avfall i katastrofsituationer. Trots att inga verkliga erfarenheter av katastrofavfalls effekter på människors hälsa finns dokumenterade kan avfallet förorena dricksvatten och öka mängden smittspridande vektorer i området. Tidigare förhållanden i området, låg prioritet av avfall och dålig information till allmänheten är några av de viktigaste funktionerna som förhindrar optimal funktion av en hållbar och sund avfallshantering.
5

Karunasena, G. I. "Capacity building for post disaster waste management : construction and demolition waste." Thesis, University of Salford, 2012. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/38096/.

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Though increasing nature of impacts from disasters has made post disaster management a significant area of concern, management of disaster waste is identified as an area of least concern. It presents momentous challenges for those with inadequate capacities due to large volumes and hazardous constituents created, particularly in developing countries. This is equally applicable to Sri Lanka which was severely affected by the Indian Ocean Tsunami in 2004 and from three decades of civil war. In this context, it is vital to explore capacities which need to be enhanced for post disaster waste management. Accordingly, this study focuses on identification of existing capacities of post disaster waste management with special emphasise on Construction and Demolition (C&D) waste at national level entities in Sri Lanka. Disaster C&D waste comprises of waste such as debris generated from totally or partially damaged buildings and infrastructure as a direct impact of disasters or from demolished buildings and infrastructure at rehabilitation or early recovery stages. Literature revealed that after the Indian Ocean Tsunami in 2004, collected disaster waste containing a considerable proportion of C&D waste was not recycled or reused at its optimum capacity in Sri Lanka, instead disposing it at landfill sites. Initially, a literature review and document survey was conducted on capacity building with special emphasise on post disaster waste management to identify capacity building principles, strategies, evaluation measures and challenges, if there are any. Pilot interviews were conducted to identify current post disaster waste management practices in Sri Lanka. Multiple case studies and expert interviews were subsequently conducted to gather primary data on existing capacities of post disaster waste management in Sri Lanka. Three case studies which included fourteen individuals and seven experts representing government and non governmental organisations and other sector entities were selected for data collection. Semi-structured interviews were conducted as the main data collection method and code based analysis and cognitive mapping were used to analyse collected data. Results revealed existing capacities, capacity gaps and factors affecting capacity building for post disaster waste management including: skills and confidence building, links and collaborations, continuity and sustainability, research and development, communication and coordination, organisational implementations and investments in infrastructure. Approaches for enhancing capacities in post disaster waste management were identified. They include establishment of a regulatory body and enforceable rules and regulations, promotion of holistic approaches for training and development focussing on indigenous and sustainable methods, development of formal and transparent procedures to establish linkages and collaborations, create awareness on sustainable, environmentally friendly and culturally supportive techniques on disaster waste management. These approaches were identified with the aim to contribute towards achieving sustainable post disaster C&D waste management.
6

Mohammed, Nasir Uddin. "Engineering Properties of Soils Recovered from Disaster Waste." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/202821.

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Kyoto University (京都大学)
0048
新制・課程博士
博士(地球環境学)
甲第19387号
地環博第143号
新制||地環||29(附属図書館)
32401
新制||地環||29
京都大学大学院地球環境学舎環境マネジメント専攻
(主査)教授 勝見 武, 教授 高岡 昌輝, 准教授 乾 徹
学位規則第4条第1項該当
7

GABRIELLI, FRANCESCO. "Definition of Protocols for the Disaster Waste Management." Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11566/262904.

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Quando eventi naturali come terremoti, alluvioni e frane colpiscono aree urbane ad alta densità abitativa, si possono generare grandi quantità di rifiuti e detriti. Ad esempio, in Italia, la forte urbanizzazione degli anni ‘50 e l'aumento demografico hanno portato ad un uso improprio del territorio, a volte illegale, con la costruzione di strutture vulnerabili in territori ad alto rischio sismico e idrogeologico. La peculiarità di eventi come terremoti e alluvioni è la grande produzione di rifiuti (macerie e detriti), in un tempo molto breve. Questo genera un forte impatto e numerosi problemi durante la gestione dell’emergenza. Una errata gestione di questi rifiuti in caso di calamità può causare danni ambientali rilevanti, perdite economiche significative ed anche impatti psicologici sulle popolazioni colpite, già soggette ad alti livelli di stress. I rifiuti prodotti possono avere caratteristiche diverse; tali differenze sono principalmente dovute al tipo di disastro, macerie per i terremoti e detriti per le alluvioni, all’area geografica, zone rurali contro aree costiere, alla densità abitativa, aree fortemente antropizzate produrranno una risposta molto differente rispetto a zone industriali a bassa densità abitativa. Lo studio della letteratura scientifica dimostra che le informazioni relative alla gestione dei rifiuti di emergenza sono ancora molto scarse, mancano protocolli e piani di emergenza specifici per gestire questa particolare tipologia di rifiuti. Queste mancanze obbligano le autorità locali e la protezione civile ad utilizzare metodi empirici, maturati dall’esperienza sul campo. Lo stato dell’arte attuale impone la ricerca e la definizione di protocolli per la gestione dei rifiuti in emergenza, al fine di colmare queste lacune e fornire uno strumento di supporto da utilizzare durante le emergenze. Questa ricerca scientifica si concentra sulla definizione di migliori pratiche di gestione dei rifiuti in emergenza. Il lavoro parte dall’analisi di determinati casi studio italiani e prosegue con la definizione di diversi scenari possibili per la gestione di rifiuti dopo terremoti o alluvioni. per ricercare le. Attualmente in Italia manca una legislazione specifica ed anche un protocollo standardizzato, che potrebbe favorire una strategia di recupero più efficiente. In questo contesto, è importante considerare l’impatto ambientale generato dalle differenti strategie di gestione dei rifiuti (ad esempio, la creazione di un deposito temporaneo dove pretrattare il materiale). Con questi presupposti, una valutazione del ciclo di vita (LCA) del materiale trattato ed una analisi economica si sono rivelati gli strumenti vincenti per identificare l’impatto ambientale ed economico generato delle diverse strategie di gestione ipotizzate, identificandone anche i principali punti critici.
The intensification of extreme natural events, caused by climate change, together with strong urbanization, makes it essential for society to be prepared to cope with these emergency situations. The main priority after a natural event, that hit an anthropized area, is to save all human lives involved in the disaster. Subsequently, it will be necessary to restore a normal situation. Events such as floods, landslides and earthquakes generate a huge amount of debris and rubbles, creating numerous problems during emergency activities. To remedy this, it will be necessary to clean up the affected area as soon as possible, from this material. To ensure that the disaster waste management is efficient, it is necessary to have a protocol or at least a guideline to follow. In the world, a lot of protocols exist to manage the emergency situation after the natural event, but there is not enough information for the disaster waste management. This lack drives local authorities to use empirical management methods. The empirical method is based on experience in the field and does not take into account a scientific methodological approach, that analyses the environmental and economic impact generated by the disaster waste management. The guiding principles should be the reduction of the environmental footprint and of management costs; however, the emergency does not allow to carry out such analyses before choosing a strategy for the management of waste, due to the lack of time.
8

Johnston, Courteney. "Master or Engineering Management Report. Lessons Learned, Disaster Mitigation Guidelines." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Engineering, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/7553.

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The Master of Engineering Management Project was sponsored by the Canterbury Earthquake Recovery Authority (CERA) and consisted of two phases: The first was an analysis of existing information detailing the effects of hazardous natural events on Canterbury Lifeline Utilities in the past 15 years. The aim of this “Lessons Learned” project was to produce an analysis report that identified key themes from the research, gaps in the existing data and to provide recommendations from these “Lessons Learned.” The Second phase was the development of a practical “Disaster Mitigation Guideline” that outlined lessons in the field of Emergency Sanitation. This research would build upon the first stage and would draw from international reference to develop a guideline that has practical implementation possibilities throughout the world.
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Shaman, Cory. "Contemplating the great waste : representations of environmental disaster and recovery in the American southwest /." Full text available from ProQuest UM Digital Dissertations, 2007. http://0-proquest.umi.com.umiss.lib.olemiss.edu/pqdweb?index=0&did=1609146451&SrchMode=1&sid=1&Fmt=2&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1245261243&clientId=22256.

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Lopes, Tito Souza Filippo. "Análise da aplicabilidade de sistema mini-VANT comercial no diagnóstico da geração de resíduos de desastres no Brasil." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6139/tde-20082018-141639/.

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A necessidade de minimizar os impactos causados por desastres, e pelos resíduos sólidos neles gerados, motivaram o desenvolvimento da gestão de resíduos de desastres em todo o mundo. Plataformas de sensoriamento remoto orbital e aeronaves tripuladas vêm sendo empregadas no auxílio à gestão de desastres e de seus resíduo, ainda que de forma restrita a casos mais extremos. O desenvolvimento tecnológico dos veículos aéreos não tripulados (VANTs), em especial os modelos civis comerciais de baixo custo, e a formulação da legislação que trata do seu uso, tem viabilizado sua aplicação em distintas áreas, dentre elas o mapeamento de precisão. A fim de analisar a aplicabilidade dessas plataformas de auxilio ao diagnóstico da geração de resíduos de desastres, foram selecionados dois conjuntos fotografias previamente obtidos com um VANT comercial quadrirotor. Em seguida, foi realizado o processamento desses dados no PhotoScan, visando a geração de mapas informativos. Buscou-se analisar a capacidade de identificação, quantificação e caracterização dos resíduos sólidos dispostos nas áreas mapeadas. Aspectos legais, econômicos e técnicos associados ao uso da ferramenta foram contemplados, afim de melhor fundamentar a aplicabilidade em questão. Os resultados indicaram relevante potencial de identificação e quantificação dos resíduos encontrados, e algumas limitações na capacidade de caracterizá-los. A atual legislação, e os aspectos econômicos e técnicos levantados favorecem a utilização de mini-VANT comercial para o uso proposto, ainda que de forma limitada à desastres onde a extensão afetada não seja demasiadamente extensa. A observância às boas praticas na escolha do equipamento, no planejamento e execução de vôo são fundamentais para a geração de mapas informativos contendo o posicionamento, o volume estimado e a composição estimada dos montes de resíduos encontrados.
The need to minimize the impacts caused by disasters, and the solid waste generated, motivated the development of methods and practices for the management of disaster residues all over the world. Orbital remote sensing platforms and manned aircraft have been used in the management of disasters and their residues, even though it restricts them to the most extreme cases. The technological development of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), especially low-cost commercial civil models, and the formulation of legislation that deals with their use, has made their application viable in different areas, including precision mapping. In order to analyze the applicability of these platforms in aid of the diagnosis of disaster waste generation, two sets of photographs previously obtained with an \"off the shelf\" UAV were selected. Then, the processing of these data in PhotoScan was carried out, aiming at the generation of informative maps. It was sought to analyze the capacity of identification, quantification and characterization of the solid residues disposed in the mapped areas. Legal, economic and technical aspects associated to the use of the tool were contemplated, in order to better base the applicability on the question. The results indicated relevant potential of identification and quantification of the residues found, and some limitations in their capacity of characterization. The current legislation, and the economic and technical aspects raised favor the use of commercial mini-VANT for the proposed use, even though in a limited way to disasters where the affected extension is not too extensive. The observance of good practices in the choice of equipment, in the planning and execution of its execution are fundamental for the generation of informative maps containing the positioning, the estimated volume and the estimated composition of the amounts of residues found.
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Books on the topic "Disaster Wastes":

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Kikō, Genshiryoku Anzen Kiban. Saigai haikibutsu no hōshanō osen jōkyō no chōsa hōkokusho: Heisei 23-nendo = Report on the state of radiation contamination in disaster waste 2011. [Tokyo]: Genshiryoku Anzen Kiban Kikō, 2011.

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Piatt, Judy. Killing horses: A personal chronicle of an environmental disaster in Missouri. Bolivar, MO: Lightnin' Ridge Books, 2009.

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Affairs, United States Congress Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental. Debris Removal Act of 2005: Report of the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs, United States Senate, to accompany S. 939, to expedite payments of certain federal emergency assistance authorized pursuant to the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act, to authorize reimbursement under that Act of certain expenditures, and for other purposes. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2006.

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Gallant, Brian J. Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response Manual. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2006.

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Gallant, Brian J. Hazardous waste operations and emergency response manual. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley, 2006.

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Davidson, Joan. No time to waste: Poverty and the global environment. Oxford: Oxfam, 1992.

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K. Lauritzen, Erik. Construction, Demolition and Disaster Waste Management. Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, a CRC title, part of the Taylor &Francis imprint, a member of the Taylor & Francis Group, the academicdivision of T&F Informa, plc, [2019]: CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b20145.

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Adeola, Francis O. Hazardous Wastes, Industrial Disasters, and Environmental Health Risks. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230339538.

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Leaon, Sharron. Integrated waste management disaster plan: Guidance for local governments on disaster debris management. Sacramento, CA: Integrated Waste Management Board, 1997.

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United States. Government Accountability Office. Hurricane Katrina: EPA's current and future environmental protection efforts could be enhanced by addressing issues and challenges faced on the Gulf Coast : report to Congressional committees. [Washington, D.C.]: United States Government Accountability Office, 2007.

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Book chapters on the topic "Disaster Wastes":

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K. Lauritzen, Erik. "Disaster waste management." In Construction, Demolition and Disaster Waste Management, 203–73. Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, a CRC title, part of the Taylor &Francis imprint, a member of the Taylor & Francis Group, the academicdivision of T&F Informa, plc, [2019]: CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b20145-6.

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Ridwansyah, Muhammad, Christopher Bennett, Franky M. S. Telupere, Philiphi de Rozari, Fadwa R. Asfahani, Utari N. Qalbi, and Achmad F. Kanzil. "Strategy for Sustainable Urban Climate Mitigation: Kupang City Climate Risk Assessment." In Environment & Policy, 405–14. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15904-6_21.

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AbstractKupang City is one of the cities in Indonesia that is vulnerable to disasters caused by climate change, mainly prolonged dry season, strong winds, and increasing GHG emissions. These disasters will significantly affect all aspects of life, such as ecosystems, property, and infrastructure. This vulnerability is worsened by increasing urbanization, which creates additional risks for many people. This also can be explained by the growing number of motorized vehicles, which caused an increase in NO2 (Nitrogen Dioxide). Data shows that a higher concentration of NO2 was found on roadsides, amounting to 22,16 μg/m3. Therefore, in this study, the geographical, demographic, and socioeconomic characteristics of Kupang City were analyzed to find the shortcomings and the challenges faced by Kupang City in order to implement policies related to climate risk reduction. This study aims to investigate the status of the current phenomenon by using descriptive design. Based on the literature analysis, it was found seven priority sectors, which considered able to resolve the disasters and challenges caused by climate change. The seven sectors are climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction, water and sanitation, energy and transportation, solid waste management/municipal waste, sustainable use of resources, GHG emission inventory, and financing.
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Chandrappa, Ramesha, and Diganta Bhusan Das. "Issues in Disaster Affected Area." In Solid Waste Management, 329–72. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28681-0_13.

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Chandrappa, Ramesha, and Diganta Bhusan Das. "Issues in Disaster Affected Area." In Solid Waste Management, 539–81. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-50442-6_13.

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Brown, Charlotte. "Waste Management Following Earthquake Disaster." In Encyclopedia of Earthquake Engineering, 1–16. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36197-5_359-1.

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Brown, Charlotte. "Waste Management Following Earthquake Disaster." In Encyclopedia of Earthquake Engineering, 3921–34. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35344-4_359.

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Adeola, Francis O. "Taxonomy of Hazardous Wastes." In Hazardous Wastes, Industrial Disasters, and Environmental Health Risks, 25–53. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230339538_3.

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Manami, Sadano, and Asari Misuzu. "The Possibility of Cooperation with Disaster Volunteers and Residents in Disaster Waste Management." In Sustainable Waste Management: Policies and Case Studies, 485–90. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-7071-7_42.

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Adeola, Francis O. "Sociology of Hazardous Wastes, Disasters, and Risk." In Hazardous Wastes, Industrial Disasters, and Environmental Health Risks, 3–11. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230339538_1.

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Brunnengräber, Achim, and Miranda Schreurs. "Nuclear Energy and Nuclear Waste Governance Perspectives after the Fukushima Nuclear Disaster." In Nuclear Waste Governance, 47–78. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-08962-7_2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Disaster Wastes":

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Omine, Kiyoshi, and Satoshi Sugimoto. "A Utilization Technique of Tsunami Sediments and Disaster Wastes Containing Salt." In Geo-Chicago 2016. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784480120.033.

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Comly, Renee, and Alex Mathew. "A Small-Scale Solution for a Big Energy Problem: Renewable Distributed Energy." In ASME 2009 3rd International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the Heat Transfer and InterPACK09 Conferences. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2009-90355.

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A Small-Scale Solution for a Big Energy Problem: Renewable Distributed Energy. Locally generated biomass, industrial and municipal wastes, coal and plastics have a significant part to play in providing a source of reliable and economic energy in the US. The ability to use these materials reliably and cleanly can be addressed with small-scale gasification technology to provide distributed generation. A technology that has improved on the historical success of gasification to provide these elements is TURNW2E™ Gasification. This technology is specifically designed to convert locally available energy resources into a clean fuel gas which is then subsequently used for heat and or power generation. This technology has the ability to operate cleanly and interchangeably using waste materials and /or coal. With the ability to produce power economically from 100 kW to 5 MW it can provide distributed generation at institutions, DOD facilities, and industrial complexes. This creates a reliable and economical energy source for the user, while disposing of wastes in an environmentally sound manner. This replaces landfill use with the energy transformation process of gasification, which provides enormous environmental benefits, including the elimination of carcinogens and reduction of greenhouse gas emissions caused by incineration processes. The use of renewable biomass and wastes provides a sustainable source of electricity that is unrestricted by grid access, providing tremendous potential to reduce US fuel imports. Using this approach, the user can create jobs and power in a sustainable scenario; without sending precious energy dollars overseas, using this process in a distributed manner will help strengthen our nation’s economy, and provide improvements to the quality of life wherever it is installed. By having the ability to use many different feedstocks, the technology can enable the avoidance of landfilling MSW and industrial wastes, including tires; it can use waste wood such as railroad ties, beetle-infested pine, and forestry wastes, farm wastes and natural disaster debris to generate renewable energy for local use or sale to the grid. Materials for processing are varied, and thus, the technology flexibility enables small-scale use in a wide range of installations, a landfill site, transfer station, farm, hospital, manufacturing facility, resort, DOD base, island community, university, and local municipal site. TURNW2E™ Gasification is available at commercial scale and is currently installed at two facilities overseas, with three US facilities planned for ’09. A training and continuing education /R&D facility is underway in the US.
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Bhuiyan, R. H., S. Shirin, and K. Paul Shourov. "A SUSTAINABLE HOMESTEAD PROTOTYPE IN SUNDARBANS Disaster adaptability through alternative building materials." In Beyond sustainability reflections across spaces. Faculty of Architecture Research Unit, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31705/faru.2021.28.

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Sundarbans as the primary coastal defense of Bangladesh against various natural disaster encounters recurrent homelessness due to these calamities, resulting in cutting down forests for housing materials from the only nearby resource. The traditional vernacular practice and socio-cultural studies show a symbiotic relationship between the forest and inhabitants, but the ecological imbalance created by climate change made life difficult for them, whose livelihood solely depends on the forest as well. The inability to reuse the building materials any disaster causes an ever-increasing cycle of carbon footprint. Regarding these, the non-experimental research aims to build such a homestead prototype that creates an adaptable solution. The existing building practices consist of non-reusable materials, poor structural integrity, and lack of sustainable approaches, thus unfit to withstand the increasing disasters and calamities. The approach discussed here utilizes plastic waste, drums, bamboo for disaster adaptability, structural flexibility, rainwater harvesting, solar, and biogas energy for a sustainable lifestyle. So, the goal is to provide a sustainable solution for the economically challenged population. This prototype creates an adaptive strategy for mitigating the disastrous events in Sundarbans to promote resilience and sustainability.
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Hirayama, N., T. Shimaoka, T. Fujiwara, T. Okayama, and Y. Kawata. "Establishment of disaster debris management based on quantitative estimation using natural hazard maps." In WASTE MANAGEMENT 2010. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/wm100161.

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KAMEDA, IPPEI, and NAGAHISA HIRAYAMA. "DEVELOPMENT OF EFFICACY ASSESSMENT PROCEDURE FOR DISASTER DEBRIS MANAGEMENT IN MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENTS IN JAPAN." In WASTE MANAGEMENT 2020. Southampton UK: WIT Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/wm200181.

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"Solid Waste Management in Chittagong City." In International Conference on Disaster Management and Civil Engineering. Universal Researchers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.17758/ur.u1015338.

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Martin, Janet H. "Implementing Disaster Plans for Municipal Solid Waste Systems." In 10th Annual North American Waste-to-Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nawtec10-1015.

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Municipal solid waste managers face an urgent need to review disaster plans as well as the myriad of other management plans for health, safety and welfare of employees and the service area. Other planning areas include financial and capital improvements. The planning process is an important management tool. The evaluation of management is one of the factors included in the assignment of municipal credit ratings. This paper profiles how Fitch Ratings incorporates management in their credit analysis and provides key points for solid waste managers to consider as they prepare or refresh plans.
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McClelland, Paul, Frank Dennis, and Mark Liddiard. "Practical Implementation of National Clearance Levels at Dounreay." In ASME 2003 9th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2003-4629.

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Clearance is a very important part of any effective waste management strategy for both operating and decommissioning nuclear facilities. Radioactive waste disposal capacity is becoming an increasingly valuable resource and costs for disposal of radioactive wastes continue to dramatically rise. Considerable cost savings may be realised by efficient segregation of essentially non-radioactive material from radioactive wastes. The release of these materials from licensed nuclear sites for disposal, reuse or recycle without further regulatory controls is commonly referred to by the nuclear industry as “clearance”. Although much effort has been directed at establishing national clearance levels, below which, materials may be released without further regulatory controls, there is little practical guidance regarding implementation into local waste management programmes. Compliance with regulatory clearance limits is a relatively straightforward technical exercise involving appropriate management control and monitoring of the material. Whilst this is sufficient to avoid prosecution for breach of regulatory requirements, it is not sufficient to avoid a myriad of political and public relations land mines. When material is unconditionally released, unless additional attention is given to management of its future destination off-site, it may end up anywhere. The worst nightmare for a waste manager at a nuclear site is headlines in local and national newspapers such as, “RADIOACTIVE WASTE DISPOSED IN LOCAL MUNICIPAL LANDFILL,” or, “RADIOACTIVE WASTE USED AS CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL FOR CHILDRENS PLAYGROUND,” etc. Even if the material were released legally, the cost of recovering from such a situation is potentially very large, and such public relations disasters could threaten to end the clearance programme at the given site, if not nationally. This paper describes how national regulatory clearance levels have been implemented for the decommissioning of the Dounreay nuclear site in the far north of Scotland. It specifically focuses on the management of public relations aspects of clearance in order to limit the exposure to non-regulatory pressures and liabilities associated with clearance programmes from nuclear sites. The issues are put into context for uncontaminated wastes, trace contaminated wastes and management of contaminated land.
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Lortkipanidze, Roza, Giorgi Iakobashvili, Nunu Chachkhiani-Anasashvili, and Rusudan Tskipurishvili. "Carbon Emission and Urban Climate in Georgia." In 3rd International Congress on Engineering and Life Science. Prensip Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.61326/icelis.2023.21.

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The GHG indicator based on the data collected in Georgia in 2015 was 17.6 mt. CO2 eq. GHG emissions are generated in 7 sectors: energy generation, transportation, construction, industry, agriculture, waste management and Forestry. Increase of CO2 in Georgia is greatly affected by urban activities- namely exhaust fumes and poor quality of fuel. 10% of carbon dioxide in atmosphere is combustion product. All atmosphere protection operations in Georgia are regulated in the frameworks of official state program, which groups all the emissions connected with energetics, climate strategy and transport through sectors. In 2015 total GHG emission in the sector of transportation was up to 24% (Ministry of Environmental Protection and Agriculture of Georgia, 2019). In previous years (2015) transportation GHG emission was up to 68% in total. Various types of transportation data: car emission-88%, bus emission 5% and minibus emission-6%. 32% of emission falls on railway and agricultural technology. 29% falls on trucks. Characteristics of transportation GHG emissions data in Georgia up to 2023 remains the following: electricity is mostly consumed by the railway, which includes Tbilisi underground train service. Expense is only 1% of electricity. Considering basic data collected in the sector of agriculture, by 2030 increase in Agricultural emission will probably be about 40% more compared to the initial data. That is 4.63 mt. CO2 eq. Within livestock, ruminant livestock remains main source of emissions, that is in 2015 92% of Enteric fermentation emission and 82% of emission was due to dung waste emission. These forms still remain as main sources of emission till 2030. Agricultural development is of high priority in Georgia. Strategically, main focus will be made on forming and launching the climate-oriented agricultural practices. In the future sustainable business will be the chief foundation determining a reasonable growth and development of the field of agriculture. Considering the climate change, drastic measures should be taken in order to prevent or avoid natural disasters. Vivid example of the climate change is a tragic disaster that happened in one of the regions of Georgia, Ratcha, Shovi on the 3rd of August, 2023. As a result of landslide several tons of mass almost completely covered resort Shovi. 220 people were rescued, 30 died and rescuers are searching for more victims. As survivors claim, landslide covered the surrounding area of so-called “Cottage district” in just 3-4 seconds, ruining all the infrastructure, bridges and caused death of several people. The natural disaster was a result of melting glaciers both locally and in the oceans worldwide. Global warming is responsible for such devastating disasters.
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Lega, M., L. d’Antonio, and R. M. A. Napoli. "Cultural HeritageandWaste Heritage: advanced techniques to preserve cultural heritage, exploringjust in timethe ruins produced by disasters and natural calamities." In WASTE MANAGEMENT 2010. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/wm100121.

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Reports on the topic "Disaster Wastes":

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Eberle, Caitlyn, Jack O'Connor, Liliana Narvaez, Melisa Mena Benavides, and Zita Sebesvari. Interconnected Disaster Risks 2023: Risk Tipping Points. United Nations University - Institute for Environment and Human Security (UNU-EHS), October 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.53324/wtwn2495.

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The 2023 Interconnected Disaster Risks report examines six immediate and increasing risks across the world: the accelerating extinctions of species, the depletion of groundwater resources, the retreat of mountain glaciers, the growing number of places facing uninhabitable temperatures, the rise in uninsurability and the growing amount of space debris. Through literature review and expert consultation, we define “risk tipping points” for each of the six cases, representing the point at which a given socioecological system ceases to buffer risks and to provide its expected functions, after which the risk of catastrophic impacts to the system increases substantially. Our analysis also includes a highlight on the interconnectivity of root causes and drivers that are pushing these systems to their tipping point, as well as their influence on each other and compounding and cascading impacts into other systems, now and in the future. Our findings indicate that human actions are causing these increased risks, and we discuss the potential behavior and value changes that will be necessary to address them. This report also proposes a new framework to classify and discuss the effectiveness of solutions that help us address risk tipping points. Solutions fall into two main categories: Avoid solutions that target root causes and drivers of risk to avoid crossing risk tipping points altogether, and adapt solutions that help us to prepare or to better address the negative impacts of risk tipping point in case they cannot be avoided, and seek to adapt to the resulting changes in an attempt to live with them. Within each category, there are two options for actions: Delay actions work within the existing “business as usual” system and seek to slow down the progression towards risk tipping points or possible worst impacts. Transform actions involve a fundamental re-imagining of the system itself. Out of the different categories, it is transformative solutions that have the potential to move us away from a future of multiplying risk tipping points, but they also require the most societal and personal change. Therefore, the report highlights overall changes we can make to our behaviours and values that would transform the way we use our systems and reduce overall risk. These include a shift towards zero waste, a closer connection to nature, global cooperation and trust, consideration for future generations, and shifting to an economic model that is less focused on growth and more on human well-being within planetary boundaries. Addressing risk tipping points requires us to fundamentally change how we perceive and value the world around us in a way that gives us the responsibility to care for it. We must design our systems to work in a way that recognizes how much we need the world and all its systems working together for our survival; otherwise, we will find ourselves in a future where risks continue to multiply. The choice is ours. We have the power to act now to create the future we want.
2

Kwon, Heeseo Rain, HeeAh Cho, Jongbok Kim, Sang Keon Lee, and Donju Lee. International Case Studies of Smart Cities: Anyang, Republic of Korea. Inter-American Development Bank, June 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0007013.

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This case study is one of ten international studies developed by the Korea Research Institute for Human Settlements (KRIHS), in association with the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), for the cities of Anyang, Medellin, Namyangju, Orlando, Pangyo, Rio de Janeiro, Santander, Singapore, Songdo, and Tel Aviv. At the IDB, the Competitiveness and Innovation Division (CTI), the Fiscal and Municipal Management Division (FMM), and the Emerging and Sustainable Cities Initiative (ESCI) coordinated the study. This project was part of technical cooperation ME-T1254, financed by the Knowledge Partnership Korean Fund for Technology and Innovation of the Republic of Korea. At KRIHS, the National Infrastructure Research Division coordinated the project and the Global Development Partnership Center provided the funding. Anyang, a 600,000 population city near Seoul is developing international recognition on its smart city project that has been implemented incrementally since 2003. This initiative began with the Bus Information System to enhance citizen's convenience at first, and has been expanding its domain into wider Intelligent Transport System as well as crime and disaster prevention in an integrated manner. Anyang is evaluated as a benchmark for smart city with a 2012 Presidential Award in Korea and receives large number of international visits. Anyang's Integrated Operation and Control Center (IOCC) acts as the platform that gathers, analyzes and distributes information for mobility, disasters management and crime. Anyang is currently utilizing big data for policy development and is continuing its endeavor to expand its smart city services into areas such as waste and air quality management. Anyang's success factors are the government officials' continuous willingness towards service development and the establishment of cooperation system among the smart city-related organizations.
3

Rezaie, Shogofa, Fedra Vanhuyse, Karin André, and Maryna Henrysson. Governing the circular economy: how urban policymakers can accelerate the agenda. Stockholm Environment Institute, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51414/sei2022.027.

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We believe the climate crisis will be resolved in cities. Today, while cities occupy only 2% of the Earth's surface, 57% of the world's population lives in cities, and by 2050, it will jump to 68% (UN, 2018). Currently, cities consume over 75% of natural resources, accumulate 50% of the global waste and emit up to 80% of greenhouse gases (Ellen MacArthur Foundation, 2017). Cities generate 70% of the global gross domestic product and are significant drivers of economic growth (UN-Habitat III, 2016). At the same time, cities sit on the frontline of natural disasters such as floods, storms and droughts (De Sherbinin et al., 2007; Major et al., 2011; Rockström et al., 2021). One of the sustainability pathways to reduce the environmental consequences of the current extract-make-dispose model (or the "linear economy") is a circular economy (CE) model. A CE is defined as "an economic system that is based on business models which replace the 'end-of-life' concept with reducing, alternatively reusing, recycling and recovering materials in production/distribution and consumption processes" (Kirchherr et al., 2017, p. 224). By redesigning production processes and thereby extending the lifespan of goods and materials, researchers suggest that CE approaches reduce waste and increase employment and resource security while sustaining business competitiveness (Korhonen et al., 2018; Niskanen et al., 2020; Stahel, 2012; Winans et al., 2017). Organizations such as the Ellen MacArthur Foundation and Circle Economy help steer businesses toward CE strategies. The CE is also a political priority in countries and municipalities globally. For instance, the CE Action Plan, launched by the European Commission in 2015 and reconfirmed in 2020, is a central pillar of the European Green Deal (European Commission, 2015, 2020). Additionally, more governments are implementing national CE strategies in China (Ellen MacArthur Foundation, 2018), Colombia (Government of the Republic of Colombia, 2019), Finland (Sitra, 2016), Sweden (Government Offices of Sweden, 2020) and the US (Metabolic, 2018, 2019), to name a few. Meanwhile, more cities worldwide are adopting CE models to achieve more resource-efficient urban management systems, thereby advancing their environmental ambitions (Petit-Boix & Leipold, 2018; Turcu & Gillie, 2020; Vanhuyse, Haddaway, et al., 2021). Cities with CE ambitions include, Amsterdam, Barcelona, Paris, Toronto, Peterborough (England) and Umeå (Sweden) (OECD, 2020a). In Europe, over 60 cities signed the European Circular Cities Declaration (2020) to harmonize the transition towards a CE in the region. In this policy brief, we provide insights into common challenges local governments face in implementing their CE plans and suggest recommendations for overcoming these. It aims to answer the question: How can the CE agenda be governed in cities? It is based on the results of the Urban Circularity Assessment Framework (UCAF) project, building on findings from 25 interviews, focus group discussions and workshops held with different stakeholder groups in Umeå, as well as research on Stockholm's urban circularity potential, including findings from 11 expert interviews (Rezaie, 2021). Our findings were complemented by the Circular Economy Lab project (Rezaie et al., 2022) and experiences from working with municipal governments in Sweden, Belgium, France and the UK, on CE and environmental and social sustainability.

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