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Journal articles on the topic 'Disaster risk management'
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Pan, Wang Sheng, Yu Dong Lu, and Jin Yan Guo. "Risk Assessment and Management of Geological Disaster Based on Risk Period Analysis and GIS in Loess Areas." Applied Mechanics and Materials 675-677 (October 2014): 1184–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.675-677.1184.
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Aging characteristics and triggering mechanisms of geological disasters were analyzed to clarify the characteristics of geological disasters in loess areas, develop a geological disaster risk assessment system, and improve risk management of geological disaster. Risk periods of geological disaster were classified on the basis of disaster type, and a time-space coupling mechanism was applied to manage geological disasters dynamically. The risk period analysis was applied to risk assessment of geological disaster in Yaozhou District, Tongchuan City, Shaanxi Province. The risk period analysis may add a new element and promote improvements to practical applications of risk assessment system of geological disaster. According to this research results, new requirements for long-term supervision of farming activities and recommendations for an approval system for construction projects are suggested. In addition, geological disaster insurance product development is proposed.
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Hussain, Sajjad, Saira Miraj, and Rani Saddique. "Social Work and Community Based Disaster Risk Management in Pakistan." Pakistan Journal of Applied Social Sciences 10, no. 1 (September 8, 2019): 117–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.46568/pjass.v10i1.105.
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Pakistan is exposed to various natural calamities due to its geophysical condition and climatic changes. In addition, man-made disasters also pose a threat to human lives and properties which includes industrial and transport disasters including oil spills, civil unrest, wars and conflicts. Although it is not possible to stop or prevent natural disasters, but the negative impacts of natural disasters can be minimized through human efforts. The government of Pakistan has adopted participatory approach as part of its policy for disaster management. This research paper is based on the analysis of secondary data for reviewing the existing policies with emphasis on disaster risk reduction in pre and post disaster period. The paper concludes that participation of target community is indispensable for disaster risk reduction on sustainable basis. The article suggests that community should be meaningfully involved in disaster risk reduction efforts at the local level. In this connection the role of social workers is indispensable for disaster risk reduction on sustainable basis.
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Hu, Zi Jiang. "Preventive Resettlement and Risk Reduction Strategy Analysis in Disaster Risk Management System." Advanced Materials Research 838-841 (November 2013): 2185–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.838-841.2185.
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Preventive resettlement is one of the effective measures to prevent geological disasters. However, there is a lack of definite theoretical system to guide how to deal with the potential disasters and risks and provide migration decision-making. The paper selects disaster risk management as the theoretical guidance and the risk assessment of the framework system as the focus to explore hazard identification and characterization, identification of exposed elements, vulnerability assessment and determination of risk levels, through which the paper gets risk cognition and obtains the basis for risk management. Besides, the paper combines with the different characteristics and factors of geological disasters to expound on the strategy of risk reduction and put forward the possible solutions to avoid and alleviate risks. Furthermore, under certain conditions, the disaster-avoiding migration strategy is adopted.
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McDermott, Ronan, and Patrick Gibbons. "Risk and Compliance with Normative Frameworks Relating to Disaster Management." Journal of International Humanitarian Legal Studies 6, no. 2 (August 27, 2015): 345–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18781527-00602005.
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This article adopts a comparative socio-legal approach in exploring the relationship between disaster risk and compliance with normative frameworks concerning disaster management. Risk colonisation is the term given to the phenomenon whereby societal risks such as those posed by disasters create further risks, institutional in nature, to disaster management systems themselves. Disaster management systems are exposed to institutional risks, including those that arise from non-compliance with the range of laws and guidelines relating to disaster management developed in recent years. Grounded in exploratory case studies drawn from Indonesia and Ireland, it is suggested that the consequences of this phenomenon is that, in circumstances in which disaster risk is perceived to be high, patterns of compliance with regulatory frameworks are likely to be characterised by recourse to scientific expertise. Blame avoidance and defensive compliance strategies are also likely to occur. Conversely, in circumstances in which disaster risk is perceived to be relatively low, compliance patterns are likely to be ad hoc in nature and allow for significant governmental discretion. The implications of such consequences for the normative underpinning of disaster management are addressed.
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Prasad, Uma Shankar. "The Economics of Disaster Risk Management in Nepal." International Journal of Disaster Response and Emergency Management 2, no. 1 (January 2019): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijdrem.2019010101.
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Nepal is highly vulnerable to many disasters and substantially increasing every year. It has been creating an adverse impact on human lives, livelihoods, and infrastructures. The primary objective of this study is to state the human causalities and economic loss from disasters in Nepal and suggest institutional and system reforms for effective disaster risk management in the country. This is an analytical study based on secondary data. Data published from various government and non-government organizations are used to analyse the situation. Although the findings of the study reveal that the Government of Nepal has been continuously carrying out many efforts for fighting against various levels of disasters in the country, it concludes that additional efforts are needed from the federal to the local level at all phases of disaster management including preparedness, response, and recovery. It is also important to integrate disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation policies, plans and programmes into national development.
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Sowmya, R., and H. Nagaraj. "The Role of Government in Disaster Management and Risk Reduction in South India." Geo Eye 8, no. 2 (December 15, 2019): 17–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.53989/bu.ge.v8i2.3.
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Disaster management is a systematic response to a disaster. The main approach of the management is assessing disaster risk and taking preventive measures has also become a part of disaster management. In present day’s disaster management has been an important to frequent natural disaster ranging from earthquake, floods, droughts and other disaster management worth wile to be considered. The major types of disaster such as geological, water and climate, biological, nuclear, and industrial disasters etc… The role of government plays an important role in disaster management. Recently India has experienced large number of natural disasters. In recent years natural disaster are also occurs in some southern part of India such as Andhra Pradesh, Telanagana, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu and Kerala. Natural disaster causes the most damage and consequently the socio-economic conditions of the regions and thus most affected areas will become the most vulnerable regions. It is the responsibility of their governments to maintain all cause nouns and to provide social and economic security to such disaster affected areas. Thus the role of the central Government, the state government and local governance plays a very important role in disaster management and risk reduction planning. Government should have proper plan and financial support for most vulnerable regions. Otherwise those affected areas from natural disasters will be facing many problems and it is difficult to planning and manages the vulnerable situations. Keywords: Disaster management; vulnerable; risk reduction; planning
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Zivkovic, Vesna, and Vicki-Anne Heikell. "Harnessing indigenous knowledge in disaster risk management in Aotearoa New Zealand." Libellarium: časopis za istraživanja u području informacijskih i srodnih znanosti 13, no. 1 (August 26, 2022): 31–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.15291/libellarium.3474.
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Purpose. This paper will provide an insight into understanding of risks and cultural heritage by local and indigenous communities, as well as their knowledge, values and practices informing the perception of disaster risk management. The aim is to contribute to the implementation of Community Based Disaster Risk Management (CBDRM), which leads to a locally appropriate and locally "owned" strategy for disaster risk management. Approach. The paper presents experiences in disaster response by local communities in New Zealand Aotearoa and consequent shift in the perspective towards disaster risk management which needs to be reflected in cultural heritage field. Disaster risk management plans can be understood as series of written policies and procedures that prevent or minimize damage resulting from disasters, tailored to a museum’s, library’s, archives or community’s specific circumstances and facilities. Having a disaster management plan is not an end result, in itself. The process of creating, implementing, and updating a plan can be far more important and beneficial to an institution or community. Value. At-risk communities are actively engaged in the identification, analysis, treatment, monitoring and evaluation of disaster risks in order to reduce their vulnerabilities and enhance their capabilities. This means people are at the heart of decision-making and implementation of disaster risk management activities. This aligns with a paradigm shift in disaster management from having management agencies as the primary actors, towards wider and deeper stakeholder involvement, especially in the private sector with local level actors.
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Mitchell, Robert Bradley. "The Case for a Theology of Disaster Risk Management." Christian Journal for Global Health 5, no. 3 (November 8, 2018): 47–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.15566/cjgh.v5i3.238.
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Pacific Island communities are among the most disaster prone on earth. The churches in these communities have a pervasive social role and a wide geographic footprint, and it therefore makes good sense to engage them in better preparing their communities for disasters. That said, there are a variety of pre-existing religious beliefs about disasters, some of which are antithetical to proactive disaster risk management. Important theological research is being undertaken to map existing beliefs. This research will then help inform an indigenous and systematic theology of disaster risk management. The goal is to reduce death and destruction from foreseeable events, giving the research a special relevancy.
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Cahyono, SA Tri, E. Kuntjorowati, I. Hermawati, Ikawati, C. Rusmiyati, and A. Purnama. "Disaster risk management based on local wisdom in handling natural disaster victims." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1109, no. 1 (November 1, 2022): 012023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1109/1/012023.
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Abstract Natural disasters that occur affect the welfare of the community. This study aims to examine disaster risk management based on local wisdom to minimize natural disasters’ victims. It was conducted in five districts and cities, involving 100 respondents and using mixed methods. The results of the study found a community-based disaster management forum called KSB (disaster preparedness village). KSB’s partnership with stakeholders in the form of pre-disaster technical guidance and emergency response is well established. In the pre-disaster stage, KSB provides an early warning system to condition community preparedness. In the emergency response stage, KSB handles disaster victims according to standard operating procedures. In the post-disaster stage, KSB helps manage aid, find sources of support, and maintain infrastructure in refugee camps. Disaster Alert Village (KSB) manages logistics, but has not provided socio-psychological assistance to victims, and does not have a granary and social substation, but has not found involvement of groups with special needs and vulnerable in handling disaster victims; It is recommended the need for active involvement, social protection for the special needs and the vulnerable.
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TANISHITA, Masayoshi. "Around Disaster Risk Management." Journal of Japan Society of Kansei Engineering 19, no. 4 (2021): 179–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5057/kansei.19.4_179.
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Goerigk, Marc, and Horst W. Hamacher. "SI: disaster risk management." EURO Journal on Computational Optimization 4, no. 3-4 (August 9, 2016): 215–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13675-016-0073-z.
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Mulam, B. R. "(A230) Emergency Medical Preparedness for Disaster Risk Reduction: The Role of Health Sector Personnel - An Overview." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 26, S1 (May 2011): s62—s63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x11002160.
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Efficient management of disasters has received increased attention globally. It has been realized by all countries in the world that no development is sustainable if human life is vulnerable to major Disaster risks. Disaster Preparedness and Response are the most important components of an effective Disaster Management strategy. The objective of Disaster Preparedness is to ensure that appropriate systems are in place and personnel are trained to provide immediate response to victims in the event of any Disaster. Medical response is one of the most critical, most important and of immediate requirement in any Disaster situation. The success or failure of any Disaster Management operations will depend to a great extent on the success achieved by the Medical and Health sector since most of the Deaths and illnesses caused by disasters are preventable health risks. Though Disaster Management is the responsibility of every organization and institution, the Health Sector has a key role to play, as it is the lead sector. Hence, health personnel play a very important role in reducing disaster risks. This paper briefly examines the role and responsibilities of Medical and Health personnel and provides an overview of Emergency medical preparedness for reducing disaster risks. The concept of Disaster Medicine in dealing with the public health management of Disasters and Emergency Medical Preparedness, including the Prevention, Response, Relief and Rescue operations of Health Management while addressing various issues like casualty area management and Hospital Management etc through various strategies and actions will also be discussed. The Impact of Disasters on Health and how they can be best managed to reduce the number of mortalities and morbidities resulting from Disasters will be examined. The need for ensuring Community Participation in Health Management and prevention of health risk through Immunization and vaccination, proper food & nutrition, maintenance of hygienic and sanitation, adequate system of garbage disposal, Vector control and Research and Epidemiological studies will also be discussed. Prof. Bhaskara Rao, Mulam, Specialist, Policy, Planning and Related Issues, SAARC Disaster Management Centre (SDMC), New Delhi
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Abbasabadi, Masoumeh, Hamid Reza Khankeh, Ali Mohammad Mosadeghrad, and Akbar Biglarian. "Comprehensive Disaster Risk Management Standards for Hospitals." Health in Emergencies & Disasters Quarterly 8, no. 2 (January 1, 2023): 95–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/hdq.8.2.208.1.
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Background: Hospitals play an important role in protecting the health and survival of people during disasters. Despite the development of risk management programs worldwide in recent years, hospital preparedness in disasters is low and one reason for that is the lack of hospital standards for disaster preparedness. This study aims to develop hospital accreditation standards for hospital disaster risk management based on national and international experiences. Materials and Methods: We used a mixed-method explanatory sequential approach. At first, a comparative study was conducted and the disaster risk management (DRM) hospital standards were extracted from 10 selected countries, namely the United States, Canada, Australia, Malaysia, India, Thailand, Egypt, Turkey, Saudi Arabia, and Denmark. Standards were analyzed according to the DRM life cycle and the most comprehensive framework was chosen. For national experiences, purposeful semi-structured interviews were conducted with 22 experts in disastrous events in the country and continued until the saturation stage. In addition, Graneheim and Landman’s contractual content analysis method was used for data analysis. After combining international standards and national experiences, the proposed standards were introduced and the content validity index and content validity ratio were done by 25 experts. Results: Differences were observed in the quality and quantity of the selected countries’ DRM standards. The national accreditation standards of the United States, Australia, and Canada had comprehensive standards and covered all aspects of the disaster risk management cycle. A total of 27 standards from the International Standards Review and 31 standards from interviews were added (a total of 58 standards). The content validity results of the standards were within acceptable limits. After editing and determining the measurement criteria, the final standards were introduced. Conclusion: This study introduces comprehensive DRM standards based on international and national documents and experiences that can be useful for policymakers and accreditation organizations in both developed and developing countries for hospital evaluation. This is also useful for hospitals as a roadmap for promoting preparedness in disasters.
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Lestari, Fatma, Dicky Pelupessy, Yasuhito Jibiki, Fiori Amelia Putri, Ahmad Yurianto, Gama Widyaputra, Sony Maulana, Cynthia Febrina Maharani, and Fumihiko Imamura. "Analysis of Complexities in Natech Disaster Risk Reduction and Management: A Case Study of Cilegon, Indonesia." Journal of Disaster Research 13, no. 7 (December 1, 2018): 1298–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2018.p1298.
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Complex disasters may occur as a result of a natural disaster combined with an industrial or a technological disaster. These are also called “natural-hazard triggered technological (natech) disasters.” Currently, there is increasing awareness of the hazards of these natech disasters. Natural disasters could trigger a technological disaster including oil spills and the release of hazardous and flammable materials and toxic chemicals, causing cascading events. The impact of the damage on public health and safety could be catastrophic, as it may result in massive loss of life, environmental destruction, and asset and property loss. Moreover, it could cause business disruptions and affect a country’s reputation. This paper describes a case study on the application of disaster risk reduction and management for natech disasters in Cilegon, Indonesia. We introduce the analysis of risk assessment conducted in Cilegon, the preparedness of the Cilegon City government, a contingency plan that has been developed, and the state of disaster preparedness in industrial zones. Natural and technological disaster risks as well as several emergency preparedness efforts are discussed and multiple stakeholders are identified. The paper serves as a foundation for future research to address natech disasters.
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KURWAKUMIRE, Edward, Shelter KUZHAZHA, and Paul MUCHECHETERE. "Informal cadastres as enabling tools for disaster risk management." European Journal of Geography 12, no. 2 (October 13, 2021): 52–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.48088/ejg.e.kur.12.2.052.073.
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Disaster Risk Management requires up-to-date land information availed through the cadastre. Informal settlements are often located in disaster prone areas. Having up-to-date land information about these informal settlements is one step towards disaster preparedness and building community resilience in the highway towards sustainable development. This study designs conceptual models using unified modelling language (UML) for an informal cadastre for recording land information pertinent to disaster risk management based on a South African case study. The results demonstrate that land tenure relationships in informal settlements can be mapped using the Social Tenure Domain Model (STDM). The importance of disaster information is that it provides communities with information to tackle disasters and improve in their capabilities to handle them. With such information, the disaster risk can be minimised. This study is aligned to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 1 and 3. The linkage between spatial data, disaster resilience and the SDGs is explored.
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Zhang, Jiawang, Jianguo Wang, Shengbo Chen, Siqi Tang, and Wutao Zhao. "Multi-Hazard Meteorological Disaster Risk Assessment for Agriculture Based on Historical Disaster Data in Jilin Province, China." Sustainability 14, no. 12 (June 19, 2022): 7482. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14127482.
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The impact of global climate change is gradually intensifying, and the frequent occurrence of meteorological disasters poses a serious challenge to crop production. Analyzing and evaluating agricultural multi-hazard meteorological disaster risks based on historical disaster data and a summary of disaster occurrences and development patterns are important bases for the effective reduction of natural disaster risks and the regulation of agricultural production. This paper explores the technical system of agricultural multi-hazard meteorological disaster risk assessment and establishes a disaster risk assessment model based on the historical disaster data at the regional level from 1978–2020 in the first national comprehensive natural disaster risk census, carrying out multi-hazard meteorological disaster risk assessments in 18 major grain-producing regions in Jilin province. The empirical evidence shows: (1) drought and flood disasters are the key disasters for agricultural meteorological disaster prevention in Jilin province. Hotspots of drought and flood disasters are widely distributed in the study area, while hail and typhoons are mainly concentrated in the eastern region with a certain regionality. (2) The risk values of the four major meteorological disasters all decreased with the increase of the disaster index. Under the same disaster index, the disaster risk of various disasters in the main grain-producing areas is as follows: drought > flood > typhoon > hail. Under different disaster indices, Jiutai, Nongan, Yitong, Tongyu, and other places all presented high and medium–high risk levels. (3) From the spatial evolution trend, along with the rising disaster index, the risk of multi-hazard meteorological hazards is spatially oriented in a southeastern direction, and the risk level of multi-hazard meteorological hazards in the central part of the study area decreases gradually along with the increasing damage index. In addition, regional agricultural multi-hazard meteorological disaster risk reduction recommendations are made in three aspects: institutional construction, management model, and reduction capacity.
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Nyagadza, Brighton, and Tatenda Nyauswa. "Parametric insurance applicability in Zimbabwe: a disaster risk management perspective from selected practicing companies." Insurance Markets and Companies 10, no. 1 (November 27, 2019): 36–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ins.10(1).2019.04.
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This study seeks to explore the possibility of adopting parametric insurance to manage disaster risk in Zimbabwe. The background of the research is caused by recurrent natural disasters and the failure of the government to offer disaster relief after such events. The main objective of the research is to come up with the success factors of adopting parametric insurance to manage disaster risk and its effectiveness in African countries. The study population consists of 32 employees from seven reinsurance companies and 5 from a regulatory body. Self-administered questionnaires and interviews were used to collect the data. The study assumes that Zimbabwe does not have sufficient infrastructure to establish parametric insurance, and the lack of financial capacity is another major problem. 61% of respondents confirmed that they were underwriting natural disasters and the remaining 39% were not. The natural disasters that are being covered in insurance market and under which insurance products are used were at 61%. About 39% of the reinsurance companies that are not underwriting natural disasters cited the major reasons why they do not. Most of respondents confirmed that there was no support from the government to underwrite catastrophic risks. 57% of the respondents indicated that it is not possible to adopt parametric insurance, whilst 43% of the respondents agreed that it was practical. Recommendations are made for the government and insurance providers, which include use of catastrophe bonds, government incentives and support, the creation of a clearing house and the involvement of international organizations and developing countries in adopting parametric insurance.
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Bakır, Pelin G., and Hasan M. Bodurog˘lu. "Earthquake Risk and Hazard Mitigation in Turkey." Earthquake Spectra 18, no. 3 (August 2002): 427–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.1503341.
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The last two earthquakes in Marmara have been catastrophic disasters beyond all limits of perception. On 17 August 1999, there were 1 million people trapped under debris, eighteen thousand people had lost their lives, and hundreds of thousands had been evacuated from their homes. Roads had buckled and bridges had fallen down. On 12 November 1999 another earthquake hit Düzce. This earthquake also caused high casualties. There were 894 deaths and 4,948 injuries. Both of the disasters had social, technical, administrative, legal, economical as well as environmental consequences. This paper presents a brief overview of these earthquakes in terms of the six aspects mentioned above. Disaster management practices are also investigated. The authors are of the opinion that it is not only the buildings but also poor disaster management before, during, and after the disaster that kill people in severe earthquakes. The present disaster management system of Turkey is compared against professional standards of the United States and Japan. The authors systematically document where performance failed and offer proposals for change within the Turkish disaster management system.
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Rohimat, Muhammad Febriansyah, Abdal Abdal, and Rahayu Kusumadewi. "Optimalisasi Dana Peningkatan Kesiapsiagaan Bahaya Kebakaran dan Bencana Dalam Perspektif Disaster Risk Management." Ministrate: Jurnal Birokrasi dan Pemerintahan Daerah 4, no. 2 (August 17, 2022): 38–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.15575/jbpd.v4i2.18365.
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The establishment of disaster preparedness in the community is a very important thing to be done by the government. This is because Indonesia is located in the ring of fire belt areas which causes a variety of potential disasters. In dealing with this, Bandung city government through the Bandung City Fire and Disaster Management Office established a program in order to improve preparedness. Therefore, the government needs to optimize the available budget in order to achieve this goal. The research objective to be achieved in this paper is to analyze how the optimization of funds for the Fire and Disaster Preparedness and Prevention Program from the perspective of disaster risk management in the Bandung City Fire and Disaster Management Office. This research is a descriptive research utilizing qualitive method. Data collection was conducted using structured interviews, literature reviews, and unstructured observations in research locations. The result of this research is the formation of disaster preparedness in the community has not been fully optimized. This is due to the non-fulfillment of existing parameters in disaster risk management such as knowledge about disasters, emergency planning, and warning systems. Keyword: Disaster Preparedness, Disaster Risk Management, Fund Optimazation
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Azarmi, PhD, Somayeh, Simintaj Sharififar, PhD, Amir Hosein Pishgooie, PhD, Hamid Reza Khankeh, PhD, and Seyyed Ziya Hejrypour. "Hospital disaster risk management improving strategies: A systematic review study." American Journal of Disaster Medicine 17, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 75–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/ajdm.2022.0421.
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Objective: Hospitals are the basic infrastructure for disaster response. While they themselves are exposed to disasters, they also play an important role during the disaster response period. Therefore, they are expected to be able to maintain their performance during and immediately after disasters. The aim of this study is to discover strategies to improve the hospital disaster risk management.Design: This study is a systematic qualitative study with thematic analysis. Data sources including Persian and international databases were searched using the “Hospital, Disaster, Risk management, Risk reduction, Improvement, and Strategy” keywords and their combinations of them. The search time period ranged from January 2010 to January 2020. Data were extracted by two independent arbitrators for qualitative thematic analysis.Results: In total, 889 articles and documents were retrieved. Of which, 166 articles were deleted due to duplication, 436 articles did not meet the objectives of the research, and 263 articles did not meet the eligibility criteria and were deleted. Finally, 24 articles were included in the study. After thematic analysis, 33 subthemes were obtained and classified into five themes of organizational-managerial strategies, preventive and risk reduction strategies, preparedness strategies, response strategies, and recovery strategies. Not all articles discuss all categories.Conclusion: Applying strategies to improve the hospital disaster risk management resulting from this study can be useful in improving the preparedness of hospitals in the face of disasters.
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Rostyawan, Aldy. "Management Risk: Mitigating The Loss of Natural Disaster." DIALEKTIKA : Jurnal Ekonomi dan Ilmu Sosial 2, no. 1 (February 21, 2017): 54–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.36636/dialektika.v2i1.233.
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AbstraksiBencana alam bukanlah hal yang baru, namun cara untuk mengurangi dampaknya masihberkembang. Hal ini karena bencana alam saat ini menjadi lebih ganas, dan juga karena tanahyang orang klaim dan kembangkan kini telah mengarah ke daerah yang memiliki resiko tinggiakan bencana alam yang membuat para ahli terus mengembangkan cara untuk meminimalkankerugiannya. Ketika bencana alam terjadi di sebuah negara, itu akan berdampak padaperekonomian negara tersebut. Tulisan ini akan menjelaskan apa dampak langsung dan tidaklangsung yang bencana alam lakukan kepada suatu negara sambil menyajikan beberapa metodetentang bagaimana cara untuk mengurangi dampak dari bencana alam yang disediakan olehIMF.Kata Kunci: Manajemen Resiko, Ekonomi, Pencegahan, Bencana Alam.AbstractNatural disasters are by no means new, yet the way to mitigate the impact of it still evolving. It isbecause nowadays natural disasters become more and more violent, and it is also because theland that people claim and develop now been pushed to area that has higher risk of occurrenceof natural disaster that the expert keep evolving the way to minimize loss. When natural disasteroccurred in a country, it will have impact on the country economy. This paper will explain whatis the direct and indirect impact that natural disaster done to the country while also includingsome method on how to mitigate the impact of natural disaster that provided by IMF.Key Word’s: Management Risk, Economy, Mitigation, Natural Disaster.
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Imperiale, Angelo Jonas, and Frank Vanclay. "Barriers to Enhancing Disaster Risk Reduction and Community Resilience: Evidence from the L’Aquila Disaster." Politics and Governance 8, no. 4 (December 10, 2020): 232–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/pag.v8i4.3179.
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Building sustainable and resilient societies is a multidimensional challenge that affects achievement of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. In crises and disasters, civil protection authorities typically use emergency powers and a command-and-control approach to manage resources and to design and implement disaster management interventions. They centralise knowledge, technologies and responsibilities for prevention, mitigation and monitoring, while stifling the capacities of local communities to reduce disaster risks and impacts. The mechanism they enact leads to a poor understanding of the capacities of local people to learn and transform, and of how community wellbeing, vulnerabilities, and resilience influence disaster risks. The mechanism does not strengthen the role of local communities in disaster risk reduction. Instead, it facilitates disaster capitalism at all levels of society. Drawing on the disaster risk reduction and resilience paradigm and on our analysis of the disaster management interventions conducted before and after the 6 April 2009 earthquake in L’Aquila, Italy, we discuss the main constraints to implementing the four Priority Areas in the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction: (1) Understanding risk in its multiple dimensions; (2) strengthening disaster risk governance; (3) investing in disaster risk reduction for resilience; and (4) enhancing preparedness and build back better in response, recovery and reconstruction. We discuss how top-down, emergency-centred civil protection approaches create second disasters, and fail in all four priorities. We suggest that shifts in paradigm and investment are required in disaster management and development practice from centralised civil protection systems to decentralised, socially sustainable community empowerment systems.
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Arnold, Jeffrey L. "Risk and Risk Assessment in Health Emergency Management." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 20, no. 3 (June 2005): 143–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00002363.
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AbstractThis article considers the critical roles of risk and risk assessment in the management of health emergencies and disasters. The Task Force on Quality Control of Disaster Management (TFQCDM) has defined risk as the “objective (mathematical) or subjective (inductive) probability that something negative will occur (happen)”. Risks with the greatest relevance to health emergency management include: (1) the probability that a health hazard exists or will occur; (2) the probability that the hazard will become an event; (3) the probability that the event will lead to health damage; and (4) the probability that the health damage will lead to a health disaster. The overall risk of a health disaster is the product of these four probabilities.Risk assessments are the tools that help systems at risk—healthcare organizations, communities, regions, states, and countries—transform their visceral reactions to threats into rational strategies for risk reduction. Type I errors in risk assessment occur when situations are predicted that do not occur (risk is overestimated). Type II errors in risk assessment occur when situations are not predicted that do occur (risk is underestimated). Both types of error may have serious, even lethal, consequences.Errors in risk assessment may be reduced through strategies that optimize risk assessment, including the:(1) adoption of the TFQCDM definition of risk and other terms; (2) specification of the system at risk and situations of interest (hazard, event, damage, and health disaster); (3) adoption of a best practice approach to risk assessment methodology; (4) assembly of the requisite range of expert participants and information; (5) adoption of an evidence-based approach to using information; (6) exclusion of biased, irrelevant, and obsolete information; and (7) complete characterizations of any underlying fault and event trees.
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Sayah Mofazali, Ardeshir, and Katayoun Jahangiri. "Towards a customized foresight model on “disaster risk management” in developing countries." foresight 20, no. 5 (September 10, 2018): 467–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/fs-01-2018-0002.
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PurposeThe human efforts to be prepared better for the future challenges of natural disasters go back ages. Natural disasters occur when a natural event, such as an earthquake, triggers the social vulnerability. These natural disasters kill thousands of people worldwide annually and cause economic losses in millions of dollars. Moreover, the global cost of natural disasters has increased substantially, and mega-disasters occur when the need for recovery truly becomes national or international. There are several trends in nature and society, which suggest that this pattern may continue, with mega-disasters occurring more frequently in the future. In the past 100 years, the number of disasters and the number of people affected by these disasters have exponentially up surged. Thus, there is no other way to improve preparedness in a meaningful or diverse future-oriented manner.Design/methodology/approachThis paper focuses on how to design and customize a conceptual foresight model in “disaster risk management” in Iran, and offers an executive model to help decision-makers in disaster management, through which an appropriate practical framework for the implementation of foresight has been developed.FindingThe model has presented a possible framework for implementing a foresight practice within the context of disaster management. This paper particularly addresses different elements of a customized model, developed through a substantial literature review and comparative study for defining the suitable model in the disaster management context. The final model is validated using two rounds of the Delphi method, with the participation of national disaster management experts, practitioners and scientists.Research limitations/implicationsAlthough the whole model could be used all around the world, the main source of data validating the proposed model is limited to the expert’s opinions in a developing country (I. R. Iran.) and the geographical conditions of Iran are considered as a core of attention in response to natural disasters. Based on the indicators for choosing Delphi participants and experts, only 43 qualified experts are selected to validate the model. The main focus of this research is on natural disasters issues.Practical implicationsThis study showed that while there has been a scattered global effort to recognize the increasing uncertainties in diverse disciplines, very little work in academic foresight has been undertaken to identify how it could be implemented. In particular, a series of factors in foresight processes is identified based on the comparative study and some additional elements are added to precisely identify the disaster management context and the most suitable model for national foresight implementation in disaster management.Originality/valueThe main value of this research paper is to clarify the exact relationship between the two interdisciplinary fields; the relationship between the key concepts of “futures studies” and “disaster management” has been thoroughly established. Also, a specific conceptual model for enriching the “pre-foresight” stage and selecting a proper “foresight approach” in “disaster management” is provided. This model has been validated through two rounds of the Delphi method. Finally, a cumulative framework of foresight patterns that includes the new model is presented to be applied in areas especially related to “natural disaster management”.
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Lin, Chao-Yuan, Yuan-Chung Lai, Shao-Wei Wu, Fan-Chung Mo, and Cheng-Yu Lin. "Assessment of potential sediment disasters and resilience management of mountain roads using environmental indicators." Natural Hazards 111, no. 2 (January 3, 2022): 1951–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11069-021-05126-5.
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AbstractIn recent years, extreme rainfall events occur frequently, causing serious watershed sediment disasters, destroying mountain roads, and endangering the safety of residents' lives and property. This study aims to deal with the spatial change of potential sediment movement on the road slope pre-disaster and to screen disaster hot spots for early warning and control system. The conceptual model is used to simulate the distribution of primary and/or derived disasters on a watershed scale to assess the impact of sediment disasters caused by heavy rain event. Correlation analysis shows that the models in assessment of primary disaster and derived disaster are significantly correlated with the collapse ratio and disaster ratio, respectively. Since the primary disaster has been considered when calculating the derived disaster risk, the terrain subdivision along Provincial Highway 21 (Tai-21) is extracted to understand the derived sediment disaster on the road slope. The model can effectively evaluate the road sections prone to disasters. According to the risk level, the hot spot of road slope disasters and the management of disaster resilience are determined and can be the reference for disaster prevention and control.
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Schryen, Guido, and Felix Wex. "Risk Reduction in Natural Disaster Management Through Information Systems." International Journal of Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management 6, no. 1 (January 2014): 38–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijiscram.2014010102.
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Natural disasters, including earthquakes, Tsunamis, floods, hurricanes, and volcanic eruptions, have caused tremendous harm and continue to threaten millions of humans and various infrastructure capabilities each year. In their efforts to take countermeasures against the threats posed by future natural disasters, the United Nations formulated the “Hyogo Framework for Action”, which aims at assessing and reducing risk. This framework and a global review of disaster reduction initiatives of the United Nations acknowledge the need for information systems research contributions in addressing major challenges of natural disaster management. In this paper, the authors provide a review of the literature with regard to how information systems research has addressed risk assessment and reduction in natural disaster management. Based on the review the authors identify research gaps that are centered around the need for acquiring general knowledge on how to design IS artifacts for risk assessment and reduction. In order to close these gaps in further research, the authors develop a research agenda that follows the IS design science paradigm.
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Nia, S. P. S., U. Kulatunga, C. Udeaja, and S. Valadi. "IMPLEMENTING GIS TO IMPROVE HOSPITAL EFFICIENCY IN NATURAL DISASTERS." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-3/W4 (March 6, 2018): 369–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-3-w4-369-2018.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Over the past decades, the number of natural disasters has been growing around the world. In addition to damaging communities and infrastructures, unexpected disasters also affect service providers such as hospitals and health centers. Markedly, hospital safety from disasters is a challenge in all countries. With disaster damage to health systems resulting in human tragedy, huge economic losses, devastating blows to developmental goals, and shaken social confidence. Ensuring that hospitals and health facilities are safe and secure from disasters depend on implementing an appropriate method to mitigate adverse impacts on hospitals during incidents. Thus, disaster management becomes even more significant, as the health sector has been particularly vulnerable to damages.<br> So, it is crucial to develop appropriate mitigation and adoption method for healthcare facilities, to withstand the natural disasters such as earthquakes and floods. A comprehensive disaster plan is required to ensure a prompt disaster response and coordinated management of a multi causality incident. The aim of this research is to systemically and critically review the importance of hospitals in disaster events and this research attempts to reach a basic understanding to mitigate the risk of disasters in hospitals and improve the continuity of health services during or after disaster events. For this study, secondary information was retrieved from the literature review and document review on sudden-onset natural disasters in different parts of the world was collected. This study found some challenges and deliverables for disaster managers that could mitigate the risk of a natural disaster’s impact on a hospital. Accordingly, this research will evaluate the importance of disaster management for hospitals and the challenges that need to be considered during the disaster response.</p>
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Koh Poh Lee, Che Siti Noor, Rabieahtul Abu Bakar, Sarah Aziz, and Mohd Raihan Taha. "Disaster Risk Management Of Landslides In Peninsular Malaysia." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Malaysia 73, no. 1 (May 23, 2022): 23–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.7186/bgsm73202203.
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Landslide is one of the major disasters that occur in Malaysia. Despite various initiatives undertaken by the government to reduce their occurrences, landslide incidents continue to occur, resulting in loss of life and property. The development process coupled with climate change increases the risk of landslides. This manuscript briefly looks at the causal factors of landslides and identifies requirements for landslide risk management to identify options to strengthen landslide risk management in Peninsular Malaysia. Risk management encompassing identification of hazards, vulnerabilities and exposure of elements can prevent landslides from becoming a disaster. The study conducted, noted that the present approach in landslide disaster management has not fully incorporated the landslide disaster risk management approach. Key aspects such as legislation, institutions, zoning of disaster risk areas, risk transfer mechanisms and financial allocations require serious consideration. The determination of the legal basis to incorporate risk management measures, which will set out the needed mandates, jurisdiction and responsibility is one of the important steps. It will help ensure that decision making processes are risk-based, and strengthen the processes in preparing disaster risk maps, comprehensive databases using landslide inventory and register. It would also help in the preparation of early warning and emergency response systems as well as bolster community involvement, awareness, and public education. These will require a holistic approach in landslide disaster risk management. It will support the effort undertaken by government and stakeholders to incorporate the four priority areas of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030 which can effectively help reduce the risk of landslides.
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Yu, Tianlong, Hao Yang, Xiaowei Luo, Yifeng Jiang, Xiang Wu, and Jingqi Gao. "Scientometric Analysis of Disaster Risk Perception: 2000–2020." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 24 (December 9, 2021): 13003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182413003.
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This paper used 1526 works from the literature on disaster risk perception from 2000 to 2020 in the Web of Science core collection database as the research subject. The CiteSpace knowledge graph analysis tool was used to visual analyze the country, author, institution, discipline distribution, keywords, and keyword clustering mapping. The paper drew the following conclusions. Firstly, disaster risk perception research has experienced three stages of steady development, undulating growth, and rapid growth. Secondly, the field of disaster risk perception was mainly concentrated in the disciplines of engineering, natural science, and management science. Thirdly, meteorological disasters, earthquakes, nuclear radiation, and epidemics were the main disasters in the field of disaster risk perception. Residents and adolescents were the main subjects of research in the field of disaster risk perception. Fourthly, research on human risk behavior and risk psychology and research on disaster risk control and emergency management were two major research hotspots in the field of disaster risk perception. Finally, the research field of disaster risk perception is constantly expanding. There is a trend from theory to application and multi-perspective combination, and future research on disaster risk perception will be presented more systematically. The conclusion can provide a reference for disaster risk perception research, as well as directions for future research.
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Sukmawati, Penta, I. Dewa Ketut Kerta Widana, RM Tjahja Nurrobi, Nrangwesthi Widyaningrum, and Ersha Mayori. "Lessons Learned from Japan for Disaster Risk Reduction to Build Disaster Resilience and Sustainable Communities During and Post-Covid-19 Pandemic." Technium Social Sciences Journal 34 (August 8, 2022): 441–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v34i1.7126.
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Geologically, Indonesia and Japan have something in common, namely that they are crossed by the Eurasian and Pacific tectonic plate paths. According to data from the United States Geological Survey (USGS), Japan and Indonesia are the country most frequently experiencing disasters. What distinguishes Indonesia and Japan is the disaster management, both disaster management technology and the mitigation actions taken. Disaster management is one of the issues raised in the sustainable development goals. In every disaster that occurs, it is also hoped that the community/country will quickly recover and rise again in repairing the damage caused by the disaster. In this case, community resilience is a fundamental thing that must be done by all countries to ensure that every citizen can cope, anticipate, and can also recover after a disaster occurs. The aim of this study is to analyze disaster risk reduction and community resilience to disasters to continue development during the pandemic and after the pandemic: Lesson learned from Japan. This research data analysis uses qualitative data analysis techniques Miles, Huberman and Saldana. This data analysis technique consists of three components, namely data condensation, data presentation, and conclusion/verification withdrawal. The research results from the lessons learned that can be taken for Indonesia are: disaster risk reduction in Japan is carried out by utilizing innovative disaster mitigation technology and advanced early warning systems, public awareness of high disaster risk reduction, and Government policies that can encourage research and investment in technology development to reduce disaster risk and increase community resilience in the face of disasters.
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Haeril, Haeril, Taufik Irfadat, and Mas’ud Mas’ud. "STRATEGI BADAN PENANGGULANGAN BENCANA DAERAH (BPBD) DALAM PENGURANGAN RISIKO BENCANA ALAM DI KABUPATEN BIMA." Jurnal Studi Ilmu Pemerintahan 3, no. 1 (February 18, 2022): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.35326/jsip.v3i1.1889.
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The urgency of this research is to explain the strategy of the Disaster Management Agency in reducing disaster risk, reducing vulnerability, and increasing the capacity of the Government and Society in dealing with disasters in Bima Regency. As a leading sector in disaster management efforts, BPBD acts as a coordinator, facilitator, motivator, as well as implementing programs. The strategies implemented to reduce disaster risk in Bima Regency are strengthening institutional rules and institutions, integrated disaster management planning, implementing disaster education and research, capacity building, collaboration, and community participation, implementing disaster reduction strategies, and seeking to increase the effectiveness of disaster management. disaster emergency. From the various disaster management strategies above, the estuary is to seek integrated and collaborative disaster management as a new paradigm in more effective disaster risk reduction in Bima Regency.
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Divi, Sriram, N. Dorasamy, and Vipul Nakum. "Disaster Management in India: Need for an Integrated Approach." Disaster Advances 15, no. 8 (July 25, 2022): 60–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.25303/1508da060068.
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It is now widely known that the hazards can be natural, but most disasters are ‘human-made’. The failure to properly implement developmental policies and practices with due consideration to disaster risk management is the leading cause of turning a hazard into a disaster.25 This, in return, negatively affects sustainable development which ultimately affects the weakest and the poorest sections of society. Disaster impacts have been felt on a wide range of sectors and sections of the population. They are curbing progress made toward achieving the Sendai Framework targets, and SDGs. Climate and human-induced disaster events have exposed several underlying facets of risks' systemic and cascading nature. There is an urgent need to identify, analyse and better understand the multi-hazard, systemic and cascading nature of the disaster and climate risks, their inter-linkages, and interplay. A holistic understanding of risk is crucial for furthering the priorities of action laid under the Sendai Framework and the envisioned SDGs and ensuring a better, greener, resilient and sustainable society. We have tried to study the disaster management frameworks, plans and policies of 10 countries including India to understand the institutional mechanisms and integration of critical aspects of dual/multi disaster scenarios. When the traditional disasters hit the community following the COVID-19 pandemic, the need arises to have an integrated model that can assisting in the preparation and response to the dual situation simultaneously. Efforts are made to put the experiences into a framework for an integrated approach preparing for dual/multi-disaster scenarios.
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Azad, M. Abul Kalam, M. Salim Uddin, Sabrina Zaman, and Mirza Ali Ashraf. "Community-based Disaster Management and Its Salient Features: A Policy Approach to People-centred Risk Reduction in Bangladesh." Asia-Pacific Journal of Rural Development 29, no. 2 (December 2019): 135–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1018529119898036.
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The discourse of disaster management has undergone significant change in recent years, shifting from relief and response to disaster risk reduction (DRR) and community-based management. Organisations and vulnerable countries engaged in DRR have moved from a reactive, top-down mode to proactive, community-focused disaster management. In this article, we focus on how national disaster management policy initiatives in Bangladesh are implementing community-based approaches at the local level and developing cross-scale partnerships to reduce disaster risk and vulnerability, thus enhancing community resilience to disasters. We relied chiefly on secondary data, employing content analysis for reviewing documents, which were supplemented by primary data from two coastal communities in Kalapara Upazila in Patuakhali District. Our findings revealed that to address the country’s vulnerabilities to natural disasters, the Government of Bangladesh has developed and implemented numerous national measures and policies over the years with the aim of strengthening community-focused risk reduction, decentralising disaster management, developing cross-scale partnerships and enhancing community resilience. Communities are working together to achieve an all-hazard management goal, accepting ownership to reduce vulnerability and actively participating in risk-reduction strategies at multiple levels. Community-based disaster preparedness activities are playing a critical role in developing their adaptive capacity and resilience to disasters. Further policy and research are required for a closer examination of the dynamics of community-based disaster management, the role of local-level institutions and community organisations in partnerships and resilience building for successful disaster management.
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Nagasaka, Toshinari, Hiroaki Tsubokawa, Yuichiro Usuda, Shingo Nagamatsu, Shinya Miura, and Saburo Ikeda. "Participatory Risk Communication Method for Risk Governance Using Disaster Risk Scenarios." Journal of Disaster Research 3, no. 6 (December 1, 2008): 442–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2008.p0442.
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The capability of resident-led responses to disasters has declined in recent years due to rapid changes in social and urban structures in Japan. In order to improve regional disaster prevention capabilities with regard to disaster risk, which includes a multitude of uncertainties induced by societal changes, it is necessary to reorganize conventional ways of disaster risk management from top-down to bottom-up principle of complementarity with residents as the base point. A multilayered disaster prevention system, corresponded to the diversity of local self-governing activities by residents in ordinary times, would improve regional capabilities for disaster prevention and also increase the likelihood that these capabilities could be expressed in the response at the time of a disaster. This is what we postulate in this paper as a new mode of 'disaster risk governance'. The effectiveness of this postulation will be verified based on a case study of the disaster response by residents in the Kitajo district of Kashiwazaki City, Niigata Prefecture at the time of the Chuetsu-Oki Earthquake, which occurred on July 16, 2007. On that basis, we have developed a new disaster risk communication method in which residents and other stakeholders can ; i) develop an awareness of the current situation of the disaster risk governance structure and related problems, ii) organize a variety of district self-government networks in ordinary times, iii) build a multilayered disaster prevention system that makes use of those networks and other local resources for disaster prevention, and iv) link these efforts to specific disaster prevention activities. To confirm its effectiveness, we have applied this method to the residents-led workshops with voluntary disaster prevention organizations in Fujisawa City, Kanagawa Prefecture.
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Baruah, Mintu, and K. V. S. Kumar. "Management of diabetes during natural emergencies." Journal of Social Health and Diabetes 02, no. 02 (December 2014): 067–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2321-0656.130788.
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AbstractDisaster preparedness is an important but often a neglected part in the management of chronic disorders. India is facing an epidemic of diabetes and the patients with diabetes are also exposed to the risk of natural disaster along with other members of the society. India faced many disasters in the past including the Bhopal gas leak, Gujarat earthquake and Andaman tsunami. These disasters exposed the lacunae in the disaster preparedness and lead to devastating health consequences. Previous research focused more on the immediate, traumatic aspects of the disasters and neglected the impact on chronic disorders. The experience of managing diabetes after Hurricane Katrina gave important insights into the short and long term consequences of a disaster. Our article provides information about the impact of disasters on diabetes, difficulties in the management and suggested measures at various levels to improve the disaster preparedness.
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Shafira, Salmaa. "Analysis of the correlation urban systems and risk management floods, study case: Kaliwungu, Kendal Regency." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1082, no. 1 (September 1, 2022): 012025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1082/1/012025.
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Abstract Flood disasters in urban areas have become a frequent occurrence, especially in cities with high activities. The climate change phenomenon marked by increased rainfall also triggers the risk of flooding in urban areas. The flood disaster also occurred in the Kaliwungu District, which is one of the urban areas in the Kendal Regency, Central Java Province. The causes of flooding in urban areas is the failure of the drainage system to accommodate flood overflows. System failure in urban areas can affect the functioning of all systems in urban areas. This is supported by the high complexity of the urban system that influences each other, there are physical, social, and economic components of the community. There are two main questions in this research, namely “What forms the relationship between urban systems and disaster risk management?” and “How are urban systems and disaster risk management related to reducing flood disasters? So the aim this research is achieved of this study is to examine the relationship between urban systems and disaster risk management in an effort to reduce flood disasters. This research uses a descriptive case study method, which is based on qualitative material from various sources, including scientific articles, observation of the study site, and in-depth interviews. This study seeks to reveal the relationship between urban systems and flood risk management. The thing that links between urban systems and flood risk management is the main role of urban system functions in efforts to reduce flood disasters through comprehensive and complex disaster risk management. Thus, the urban system and disaster risk management must be interrelated in the preparation of urban spatial plans.
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Kulatunga, Udayangani. "IMPACT OF CULTURE TOWARDS DISASTER RISK REDUCTION." International Journal of Strategic Property Management 14, no. 4 (December 31, 2010): 304–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/ijspm.2010.23.
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Number of natural disasters has risen sharply worldwide making the risk of disasters a global concern. These disasters have created significant losses and damages to humans, economy and society. Despite the losses and damages created by disasters, some individuals and communities do not attach much significance to natural disasters. Risk perception towards a disaster not only depends on the danger it could create but also the behaviour of the communities and individuals that is governed by their culture. Within this context, this study examines the relationship between culture and disaster risk reduction (DRR ). A comprehensive literature review is used for the study to evaluate culture, its components and to analyse a series of case studies related to disaster risk. It was evident from the study that in some situations, culture has become a factor for the survival of the communities from disasters where as in some situations culture has acted as a barrier for effective DRR activities. The study suggests community based DRR activities as a mechanism to integrate with culture to effectively manage disaster risk. Santruka Pasaulyje gerokai padaugejo stichiniu nelaimiu, taigi ju keliama rizika jaudina visa pasauli. Del tokiu nelaimiu daug nuostoliu ir žalos patiria žmones, ekonomika ir visuomene. Nepaisant nuostoliu ir žalos, kuria atneša nelaimes, kai kurie individai ir bendruomenes stichinems nelaimems neteike daug reikšmes. Iš nelaimes kylančios rizikos suvokimas priklauso ne tik nuo pavojaus, kuri tokia nelaime gali sukelti, bet ir nuo bendruomeniu bei individu elgsenos, kuria lemia ju kultūra. Atsižvelgiant i ši konteksta, darbe nagrinejamas ryšys tarp kultūros ir nelaimiu keliamos rizikos mažinimo. Siekiant ivertinti kultūra ir jos komponentus, išanalizuoti keli su nelaimiu rizika susije atvejai, tyrime plačiai apžvelgiama literatūra. Iš tyrimo paaiškejo, kad kai kuriais atvejais kultūra per nelaimes leme bendruomeniu išlikima, o kitais atvejais trukde efektyviam nelaimiu keliamos rizikos mažinimui. Tyrime bendruomeniu vykdoma nelaimiu keliamos rizikos mažinimo veikla siūloma kaip mechanizmas, leidžiantis integruojant kultūra efektyviai valdyti nelaimiu keliama rizika.
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Aznar-Crespo, Pablo, Antonio Aledo, Joaquín Melgarejo-Moreno, and Arturo Vallejos-Romero. "Adapting Social Impact Assessment to Flood Risk Management." Sustainability 13, no. 6 (March 19, 2021): 3410. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13063410.
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In the context of climate change, a significant increase in the flood risk is expected, which may lead to an intensification of the social impacts of disasters. Social impacts significantly affect the recovery processes of individuals, social groups, and institutions in the medium and long term. Hence, the management of such impacts throughout the disaster life cycle is essential. International institutions and frameworks for disaster risk reduction have claimed the need to generate tools for the systematic assessment and management of social impacts of floods. Recently, an innovative line of research has emerged aimed at adapting social impact assessment (SIA), usually directed at the evaluation of planned interventions (programs, plans and projects), to the field of environmental disasters. In order to contribute to academic efforts in this emerging field, this paper puts forward, through a systematic literature review based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) criteria, an SIA methodological proposal for the identification, assessment and systematic management of the social impacts of flood events. This methodological proposal covers the three phases of the disaster cycle: (1) pre-event (preparedness), allowing the anticipation of potential impacts and supporting the proposal of preventive measures; (2) event (response), facilitating a strategic mobilization of resources and technical support towards previously identified critical disaster areas; and (3) post-event (recovery), evaluating the evolutionary dynamics of impacts, proposing measures to avoid their socio-territorial embedding and accelerating recovery processes. This tool is designed for strategic use by policy makers and managers responsible for flood risk management and regional development.
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Pinelli, Jean-Paul, Maria Esteva, Ellen M. Rathje, David Roueche, Scott J. Brandenberg, Gilberto Mosqueda, Jamie Padgett, and Frederick Haan. "Disaster Risk Management Through the DesignSafe Cyberinfrastructure." International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 11, no. 6 (November 26, 2020): 719–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13753-020-00320-8.
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AbstractDesignSafe addresses the challenges of supporting integrative data-driven research in natural hazards engineering. It is an end-to-end data management, communications, and analysis platform where users collect, generate, analyze, curate, and publish large data sets from a variety of sources, including experiments, simulations, field research, and post-disaster reconnaissance. DesignSafe achieves key objectives through: (1) integration with high performance and cloud-computing resources to support the computational needs of the regional risk assessment community; (2) the possibility to curate and publish diverse data structures emphasizing relationships and understandability; and (3) facilitation of real time communications during natural hazards events and disasters for data and information sharing. The resultant services and tools shorten data cycles for resiliency evaluation, risk modeling validation, and forensic studies. This article illustrates salient features of the cyberinfrastructure. It summarizes its design principles, architecture, and functionalities. The focus is on case studies to show the impact of DesignSafe on the disaster risk community. The Next Generation Liquefaction project collects and standardizes case histories of earthquake-induced soil liquefaction into a relational database—DesignSafe—to permit users to interact with the data. Researchers can correlate in DesignSafe building dynamic characteristics based on data from building sensors, with observed damage based on ground motion measurements. Reconnaissance groups upload, curate, and publish wind, seismic, and coastal damage data they gather during field reconnaissance missions, so these datasets are available shortly after a disaster. As a part of the education and community outreach efforts of DesignSafe, training materials and collaboration space are also offered to the disaster risk management community.
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Haruming Tyas, Titisari, Sobar Sutisna, Makmur Supriyatno, I. Dewa Ketut Kerta Widana, and Ahmad Fatkul Fikri. "Lesson Learned from Japan for Flood Disaster Risk Reduction in Indonesia." Technium Social Sciences Journal 28 (February 9, 2022): 539–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v28i1.5743.
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Indonesia and Japan have experienced hydrometeorological disasters, primarily floods disasters every year. The two countries must experience few losses due to improper disaster management. However, along with the times, Japan, an expert in technology development, can reduce flood risk. Japan has established itself as a country that is an example for countries in disaster risk reduction. The Japanese government promotes a concept, namely "Build Back Better" to build a post-disaster area to restore the area to its original state and take opportunities to develop better than before. Meanwhile, Indonesia, a developing country incidentally, is still trying to reduce the risk of flood disasters that cause considerable losses to the nation. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the lessons learned from Japan for flood risk reduction in Indonesia. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method with data collection techniques through Focus Group Discussions (FGD) with professors and researchers from Japan and reviewing disaster risk reduction documents. The results of this study indicate that there are several keys to success that Japan has in reducing flood risk, such as a) a mindset to be able to make disasters a challenge for the better; b) policies and disaster management systems structure from the center to the regions; c) encourage the development of SETI (Science, Engineering, Technology, and Innovation) for disaster risk reduction to many sectors; and d) Japan's ambition in implementing Society 5.0 which is relevant to Disaster Risk Management (DRM).
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Hu, Shan Feng, Hong Bing Zhu, and Yu Wang. "Natural Disaster Risk Management and Sustainable Development Research of Huangshan Scenic Area." Advanced Materials Research 709 (June 2013): 735–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.709.735.
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The paper takes Huangshan scenic area as the research object and uses depth interviews and field investigation methods to analyze its natural disaster risk management situation. The research shows that the natural disasters in Huangshan scenic area can be divided into three main types: geological disasters, meteorological and hydrological disasters and forest disasters. Then, the paper summarizes the experience in dealing with natural disasters, including the establishment of Huangshan Scenic Area Disaster Management Center, Scenic lightning monitoring and warning system, and emergency rescue team. Finally, the paper brings up countermeasures for sustainable development of the scenic area from five aspects: enhancing the risk management awareness, using new technology, strengthening stakeholder management and improving the emergency rescue team mechanism.
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Okazaki, Yasuo, and Takahiro Shinome. "Risk Management of Earthquake Disaster." Hokengakuzasshi (JOURNAL of INSURANCE SCIENCE) 2013, no. 620 (2013): 620_83–620_95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5609/jsis.2013.620_83.
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Gheorghe, A. V., and D. V. Vamanu. "Disaster Risk Management Decision Tools." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 34, no. 8 (July 2001): 413–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)40852-4.
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Comfort, Louise K. "RISK, SECURITY, AND DISASTER MANAGEMENT." Annual Review of Political Science 8, no. 1 (June 15, 2005): 335–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.polisci.8.081404.075608.
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Kamble, RK, Abhinav Walia, and MG Thakare. "Ecosystem Approach To Flood Disaster Risk Reduction." International Journal of Environment 2, no. 1 (December 1, 2013): 70–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v2i1.9209.
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India is one of the ten worst disaster prone countries of the world. The country is prone to disasters due to number of factors; both natural and anthropogenic, including adverse geo-climatic conditions, topographical features, environmental degradation, population growth, urbanisation, industrlisation, non-scientific development practices etc. The factors either in original or by accelerating the intensity and frequency of disasters are responsible for heavy toll of human lives and disrupting the life support systems in the country. India has 40 million hectares of the flood-prone area, on an average, flood affect an area of around 7.5 million hectares per year. Knowledge of environmental systems and processes are key factors in the management of disasters, particularly the hydro-metrological ones. Management of flood risk and disaster is a multi-dimensional affair that calls for interdisciplinary approach. Ecosystem based disaster risk reduction builds on ecosystem management principles, strategies and tools in order to maximise ecosystem services for risk reduction. This perspective takes into account the integration of social and ecological systems, placing people at the centre of decision making. The present paper has been attempted to demonstrate how ecosystem-based approach can help in flood disaster risk reduction. International Journal of Environment, Volume-2, Issue-1, Sep-Nov 2013, Pages 70-82 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v2i1.9209
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Kembara, M. D., D. S. Logayah, and S. Hamidah. "Simulation of landslide disaster in reducing disaster risk." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1089, no. 1 (November 1, 2022): 012018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1089/1/012018.
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Abstract The Centre of Volcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigation (PVMBG) recorded 1,887 soil movement events throughout Indonesia 2015-2016 which resulted in 3224 people. A total of 154 soil movement occurred in West Java was categorized as much compared to other provinces. Disaster mitigation efforts continue to be carried out by the government, one of which is involved in the community to increase awareness of disaster management through the National Program Kampung Siaga Bencana (KSB). People who live in disaster-prone areas are empowered through capacity building and encouraged to establish disaster mitigation infrastructure such as evacuation routes. One of the villages entering the disaster-prone area, namely Alamendah Village in Rancabali District, Bandung Regency. The geographical location of villages in the highlands and massive development has the potential to give birth to a disaster. Therefore, increasing public awareness of disasters in the natural village must be carried out so that disaster mitigation can be applied properly. This research is expected to provide benefits to the public and encourage the formation of Kampung Siaga Bencana, namely the KSB management consisting of administrators and members and existing sections and building networks (work partners) both individually and institutions that have concentration in disaster mitigation activities.
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Park, Hye Jeong, and Ki Hun Nam. "Cascading Effects of Natural Hazards: Lessons from Recent Natech Accidents and Practices." Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis 12, no. 9 (September 30, 2022): 35–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.14251/jscm.2022.9.35.
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Recent trends of disaster present that disasters are more uncertain and complex with unpredictable cascading effects owing to global environmental and climate change. As one of the significant phenomena, natural hazards triggering technological accidents, so-called Natech, which cause acute and prolonged terrifying consequences, have also been increased. Considering low probability but high consequences, Natech accidents often exceed the capacity of disaster preparedness and response of local government and professional responders. As a result, the need to better manage Natech risks has become a challenge in disaster risk management among all stakeholders, including government, disaster and safety experts, industry, and citizens. Although there have been numerous efforts undertaken by international organizations and individual countries to reduce Natech risks, there are still not sufficient reflections to reduce the risks of natural hazard triggering technological disasters in South Korea. Thus, this study highlights lessons from Natech risk reduction practices undertaken by individual countries and recent minor Natech cases to fullfill gaps in effective risk management considering for cascading effects.
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Etinay, Nuha, Charles Egbu, and Virginia Murray. "Building Urban Resilience for Disaster Risk Management and Disaster Risk Reduction." Procedia Engineering 212 (2018): 575–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2018.01.074.
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Sowmya, R., and H. Nagaraj. "A REVIEW ON DIFFERENT LEVEL OF GOVERNMENT IN DISASTER MANAGEMENT: A CASE STUDY OF SOUTH INDIAN STATES." Geo Eye 9, no. 2 (December 15, 2020): 20–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.53989/bu.ge.v9i2.4.
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Disaster management is a systematic response to a disaster. The main approach of the management is assessing disaster risk and taking preventive measures has also become a part of disaster management. In present day’s disaster management has been an important to frequent natural disaster ranging from earthquake, floods, droughts and other disaster management worth wile to be considered. The major types of disaster such as geological, water and climate, biological, nuclear, and industrial disasters etc… Keywords: Vulnerable; Droughts; Disaster Management; Chemical; Biological; Radiological
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Mocuta, Dorina Nicoleta, Stelica Cristea, Adrian Turek Rahoveanu, and Ana Maria Hossu. "Applying Risk Management to Mitigate the Consequences of Climate Change." Revista de Chimie 69, no. 2 (March 15, 2018): 415–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.18.2.6119.
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Major climate changes have determined the increasing of disasters frequency, attracting the attention of international community to sometimes irreparable consequences, on the entire world. Institutions, governmental and non-governmental organizations worldwide have modified their approach regarding disasters, trying to identify methods to prevent and reduce their impact on the environment and humanity. This means identifying of new instruments for risk assessment, in order to lead to disaster prevention, by involving all stakeholders interested in disaster risk management activities (public authorities, non-governmental organizations, communities, business sector). It is noteworthy that the attitude of contemporary society to climate change has modified: thus, the allocation of material and human resources for preventing and mitigation the effects of disasters have been greatly increased.