Journal articles on the topic 'Disaster relief – Management – Planning'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Disaster relief – Management – Planning.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Disaster relief – Management – Planning.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Kovel, Jacob, and Roozbeh Kangari. "Planning for Disaster-Relief Construction." Journal of Professional Issues in Engineering Education and Practice 121, no. 4 (October 1995): 207–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)1052-3928(1995)121:4(207).
Full text
2
Md Akhir, Nur Hafizah, Azlinda Azman, and Noremy Md Akhir. "The Volunteer's Needs and Preparedness in Assisting Natural Disaster Victims." Asian Social Work Journal 3, no. 1 (March 14, 2018): 46–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.47405/aswj.v3i1.36.
Full textAbstract:
This paper is discusses about volunteers’ needs in order to increase the preparedness in assisting natural disasters victims. Disasters are phenomenon that causes damage in properties and lives that limit individuals or societies’ abilities and well-being. Natural disasters such as landslides, tsunami, flood and typhoon happen almost every year. These natural disasters affect certain countries such as Japan, Indonesia, Thailand and Malaysia. The volunteers are the one who manage the humanitarian aids to the victims. The needs of the volunteers that been identified need to be evaluated in order to help to expedite the disaster relief management process. This is because the important aspects that need to be evaluated are planning, operational management and disaster training. Meanwhile, disaster preparedness represent as systematic planning in response to the disaster situation that needs to be done to those involved in disaster relief i.e volunteers. The concern on this aspect will help volunteer to be more active, positive and confident, in both physically and mentally when providing helps. Therefore, this concept paper will discusses volunteers’ needs in various perspectives and opinions in order to help in increasing the preparedness in assisting natural disasters victims, as well as increase the effectiveness throughout the relief process.
3
Azad, M. Abul Kalam, M. Salim Uddin, Sabrina Zaman, and Mirza Ali Ashraf. "Community-based Disaster Management and Its Salient Features: A Policy Approach to People-centred Risk Reduction in Bangladesh." Asia-Pacific Journal of Rural Development 29, no. 2 (December 2019): 135–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1018529119898036.
Full textAbstract:
The discourse of disaster management has undergone significant change in recent years, shifting from relief and response to disaster risk reduction (DRR) and community-based management. Organisations and vulnerable countries engaged in DRR have moved from a reactive, top-down mode to proactive, community-focused disaster management. In this article, we focus on how national disaster management policy initiatives in Bangladesh are implementing community-based approaches at the local level and developing cross-scale partnerships to reduce disaster risk and vulnerability, thus enhancing community resilience to disasters. We relied chiefly on secondary data, employing content analysis for reviewing documents, which were supplemented by primary data from two coastal communities in Kalapara Upazila in Patuakhali District. Our findings revealed that to address the country’s vulnerabilities to natural disasters, the Government of Bangladesh has developed and implemented numerous national measures and policies over the years with the aim of strengthening community-focused risk reduction, decentralising disaster management, developing cross-scale partnerships and enhancing community resilience. Communities are working together to achieve an all-hazard management goal, accepting ownership to reduce vulnerability and actively participating in risk-reduction strategies at multiple levels. Community-based disaster preparedness activities are playing a critical role in developing their adaptive capacity and resilience to disasters. Further policy and research are required for a closer examination of the dynamics of community-based disaster management, the role of local-level institutions and community organisations in partnerships and resilience building for successful disaster management.
4
Salam, Mohammad Asif, and Sami A. Khan. "Lessons from the humanitarian disaster logistics management." Benchmarking: An International Journal 27, no. 4 (March 21, 2020): 1455–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bij-04-2019-0165.
Full textAbstract:
PurposeThe purpose of this study is to draw lessons for logistics management in humanitarian disasters, using the earthquake in Haiti as a case study. In Haiti, there were problems with the logistical response. This study investigates the humanitarian logistics challenges faced by various stakeholders in Haiti during the disaster-relief operations.Design/methodology/approachIn this exploratory case study, the central methodology used was data triangulation. Data triangulation involved interviews with respondents grouped into three categories, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), the military establishment and the governmental agencies. Prominence is given to the common themes expressed by each group. These common themes are then compared to the themes of other groups to identify opportunities and problems for future disaster relief operations.FindingsThe study indicates that there is a clear gap in terms of how the humanitarian efforts were coordinated between different actors. Lack of civil–military cooperation and coordination was one of the findings from the interviews, and many of the resources and initiatives were overlapping or redundant. Timeliness and efficiency need to be at the forefront of all planning and would result in more saved lives and reduced human suffering. The key goal of humanitarian logistics stipulates is to form connections and relationships, which was well illustrated through the informants' interviews. It was found that organizing different stakeholders/actors to work together by sharing processes and distribution channels demands a vision that goes beyond logistics management. Government agencies, the military establishment, NGOs, locals and victims need to collaborate to create a synergy in generating solutions that are tailored to the shock of the disaster in the first place.Research limitations/implicationsThe current study relies on a single case study approach as disaster scenarios are unique in terms of their impact, magnitude, timing and location. Despite these limitations, this study provides a detailed account of the logistical challenges in dealing with the disaster that took place in Haiti. The logistics-related lessons learned from this case study should be carefully applied in other settings, taken into consideration contextual differences.Practical implicationsOne important aspect of measuring efficiency for any commercial logistics system is key performance indicators (KPIs) that indicate how well the firm is doing in managing its inbound and outbound operations. From a practical standpoint, the Haiti case raised a challenging concern with regard to how to measure the performance of humanitarian disaster logistics. This is a starting point to understand the dynamics of disaster system efficiency and logistics interplay and offers a few lessons to improve the resource availability in the case of future emergencies.Originality/valueThis study lays the groundwork for future researchers to explore and debrief on the topic once disaster relief draws to a close and time has allowed logisticians and relief workers to analyze the response mechanisms used in disasters.
5
Cheema, Abdur Rehman, Abid Mehmood, and Muhammad Imran. "Learning from the past." Disaster Prevention and Management 25, no. 4 (August 1, 2016): 449–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/dpm-10-2015-0243.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide a historical analysis of the disaster management structure, policies and institutions in Pakistan between 1947 and 2005, and highlights the contemporary challenges in view of the learning from the past. Design/methodology/approach – The paper uses a historic-integrative case study approach to disaster management and risk reduction policy, planning and practice. Qualitative data were collected through purposive sampling and a case study design was adopted. A broad range of actors was recruited as research participants. In total, 22 semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted in relation to this study in six different districts of Pakistan to achieve insight into the role of different institutions and stakeholders. Findings – Overall, the post-colonial flood-centric policy framework and fragmented responsibilities of different disaster management institutions show the lack of an effective institutional structure for disaster management and mitigation in Pakistan, particularly at the local level. Until the event of the 2005 earthquake, policies heavily relied on attaining immediate and short-term goals of response and relief while ignoring the long-term objectives of strategic planning for prevention and preparedness as well as capacity building and empowerment of local institutions and communities. Practical implications – The analysis explains, in part, why disaster planning and management needs to be given due attention in the developing countries at different policy scales (from local to national) especially in the face of limited resources, and what measures should be taken to improve effectiveness at different phases of the disaster management cycle. Originality/value – The paper advances the importance of a historical case study approach to disaster management and mitigation. The empirical work provides original research evidence about the approaches to dealing with disasters in Pakistan and thus enriches existing knowledge of disaster management policy and planning about the country.
6
Njoku, Oguguo C., Bright C. Amajuoyi, Dilshad Sarwar, Joachim Kodjo Arthur, and Amin Hosseinian-Far. "Impact of an Integrated Approach in Disaster Management." International Journal of Organizational and Collective Intelligence 10, no. 2 (April 2020): 20–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijoci.2020040102.
Full textAbstract:
In recent times, there have been several natural disasters, negatively affecting communities ranging from loss of lives, businesses, homes and economic disruption. Such serious effects on a community can be traced to poor disaster management arrangements. Several project management concepts as well as technologies have been researched and proven to improve disaster management. This article reviews existing literatures to make evident the concepts of project management such as project planning, execution, team collaboration and governance as well as technologies with a focus on the Internet of Things (IoT) through provision of early warning signs for mitigation and preparedness, big data analytics (BDA) for information gathering and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for emergency relief scenarios in disaster management. Findings of this article reveals the great impact and benefit of an integrated approach for effective disaster management. Hence, this paper recommends an integrated approach to disaster management from a project management and Internet of Things perspective.
7
Altay, Nezih, Sameer Prasad, and Jayavel Sounderpandian. "Strategic planning for disaster relief logistics: lessons from supply chain management." International Journal of Services Sciences 2, no. 2 (2009): 142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijssci.2009.024937.
Full text
8
KELLY, CHARLES. "ASSESSING ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS DURING NATURAL DISASTER: THE DEVELOPMENT OF A RAPID ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY." Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management 04, no. 04 (December 2002): 475–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1464333202001157.
Full textAbstract:
The linkages between disaster and environmental damage are recognized as important to predicting, preventing and mitigating the impact of disasters. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) procedures are well developed for non-ndisaster situations. However, they are conceptually and operationally inappropriate for use in disaster conditions, particularly in the first 120 days after the disaster has begun. The paper provides a conceptual overview of the requirements for an environmental impact assessment procedure appropriate for disaster conditions. These requirements are captured in guidelines for a Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment (REA) for use in disasters. The REA guides the collection and assessment of a wide range of factors which can indicate: (1) the negative impacts of a disaster on the environment, (2) the impacts of environmental conditions on the magnitude of a disaster and, (3) the positive or negative impacts of relief efforts on environmental conditions. The REA also provides a foundation for recovery program EIAs, thus improving the overall post disaster recovery process. The REA is designed primarily for relief cadres, but is also expected to be usable as an assessment tool with disaster victims. The paper discusses the field testing of the REA under actual disaster conditions.
9
Nayeem, Moddassir Khan, and Gyu M. Lee. "Robust Design of Relief Distribution Networks Considering Uncertainty." Sustainability 13, no. 16 (August 18, 2021): 9281. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13169281.
Full textAbstract:
In the post-disaster response phase, an efficient relief distribution strategy plays a vital role in alleviating suffering in disaster-stricken areas, which sometimes becomes challenging in humanitarian logistics. Most governments pre-located the relief goods at the pre-determined warehouses against possible disasters. Those goods must be shipped to the relief distribution centers (RDCs) to be further distributed to the victims in impacted areas upon the disasters. Secondary disasters can occur due to the first disaster and can occur relatively close in time and location, resulting in more suffering and making the relief distribution activities more challenging. The needs of additional RDCs must be determined as well in response to the secondary disasters. A robust optimization model is proposed to hedge against uncertainties in RDCs’ capacity and relief demand. Its objective is to minimize the sum of transportation cost, additional RDC cost, and shortage of commodities. The computational results are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model. The sensitivity analysis gives an insight to the decision-makers.
10
Umar, Muhammad, and Mark Wilson. "Supply Chain Resilience: Unleashing the Power of Collaboration in Disaster Management." Sustainability 13, no. 19 (September 23, 2021): 10573. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su131910573.
Full textAbstract:
This study builds on the extant literature of supply chain collaboration, specifically, vertical and horizontal collaboration, and examines how these capabilities influence the resilience of supply chains that experience regular natural disasters in rural communities, as their economic wellbeing relies heavily on the continuation of these supply chains. A multiple case study approach has been adopted to investigate the role of collaboration within food supply chains of two different South Asian regions. This context was selected because these regions are prone to regular natural disruptions, and these food supply chains also play a crucial role in the disaster relief process. The data revealed that effective communication, mutual dependence, information sharing, informal financial support, and trust are some of the components of supply chain collaboration that enhance the overall resilience of supply chains in natural disasters.
11
Wu, Wei-Ning, and Ssu-Ming Chang. "Collaboration Mechanisms of Taiwan Nonprofit Organizations in Disaster Relief Efforts: Drawing Lessons from the Wenchuan Earthquake and Typhoon Morakot." Sustainability 10, no. 11 (November 21, 2018): 4328. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10114328.
Full textAbstract:
Participation of nonprofit organizations (NPOs) is important in emergency management because NPOs often work in conjunction with governments to offer assistance and resources in the emergency management process. NPO participation in disaster relief efforts is a valuable experience for public officials and practitioners, but research investigating NPOs’ experiences in disaster relief efforts is limited. This study examines Taiwan’s NPO collaboration mechanisms during disaster relief efforts and specifically examines the lessons drawn from two major catastrophes by focusing on the opinions of NPO managers in the 88 Flooding Service Alliance who joined the disaster relief operation for the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake in China and 2009 Typhoon Morakot in Taiwan. The vital strategies and factors that contributed to successful NPO collaborations in disaster relief operations were determined through a survey on NPOs’ strategies for resource sharing and service integration and semi-structured interviews with 19 NPO managers. The findings indicate that NPO engagement in disaster services was crucial for the relief efforts of the two disaster events, and that long-term disaster service alliances are effective mechanisms for emergency collaboration in relief work.
12
Chan, BS, SM PIH, MBBS, DDM, DFM, Emily Ying Yang. "Why are older peoples’ health needs forgotten post-natural disaster relief in developing countries? A healthcare provider survey of 2005 Kashmir, Pakistan earthquake." American Journal of Disaster Medicine 4, no. 2 (March 1, 2009): 107–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/ajdm.2009.0016.
Full textAbstract:
Although older people may be recognized as a vulnerable group post-natural disasters, their particular needs are rarely met by the providers of emergency services. Studies about older people’s health needs post disasters in the South East Asia Tsunami, Kashmir, Pakistan, China, and United States has revealed the lack of concern for older people’s health needs. Recent study of older people’s health needs post the Kashmir Pakistan earthquake (2005) found older peoples’ health needs were masked within the general population.This survey study examines the providers’ perceptions of older people’s vulnerabilities post-2005 Pakistan earthquake. It aims to understand the awareness of geriatric issues and issues related to current service provision/planning for older people’s health needs post disasters. Specifically, service delivery patterns will be compared among different relief agencies.Cross-sectional, structured stakeholder interviews were conducted within a 2 weeks period in February 2006, 4 months post-earthquake in Pakistan-administrated Kashmir. Health/medical relief agencies of three different types of organizational nature: international nongovernmental organization (INGO), national organization, and local/community group were solicited to participate in the study. Descriptive analysis was conducted.Important issues identified include the need to sensitize relief and health workers about older people’s health needs post disaster, the development of relevant clinical guidelines for chronic disease management postdisaster in developing countries and the advocacy of building in geriatric related components in natural disaster medical relief programs.To effectively address the vulnerability of older people, it is important for governments, relief agencies, and local partners to include and address these issues during their relief operations and policy planning.
13
Rivera, PhD, Jason David, and Zachary David Wood, MA. "Disaster relief volunteerism: Evaluating cities’ planning for the usage and management of spontaneous volunteers." Journal of Emergency Management 14, no. 2 (March 1, 2016): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/jem.2016.0279.
Full textAbstract:
This exploratory study sought to observe the perceptions, usage, and planned management of spontaneous volunteers in disaster planning and response within various urban environments. The authors discuss the perceptions of spontaneous volunteerism in America, specifically the challenges of using spontaneous volunteers in disaster response activities. A content analysis of the 50 largest cities in the US Office of Emergency Management Web sites and a survey instrument administered to emergency managers in these 50 cities were used to explore various questions raised throughout the discussion of the literature. The authors found significant discrepancies between what is stated in the disaster plans of cities and what emergency managers claim is covered in their plans. Of the managers surveyed, only a handful mention spontaneous volunteers in their plans at all, and even fewercities discuss them extensively. In addition, stated perceptions of the value of spontaneous volunteers may impact both how we plan for them and the value they provide.
14
Wang, Yung-Chieh, Shyang-Woei Lin, and Chun-Hung Lee. "Conducting an Evaluation Framework for Disaster Management under Adaptive Organization Change in a School System." Sustainability 12, no. 16 (August 15, 2020): 6615. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12166615.
Full textAbstract:
This long-term study established a sustainable and resilient framework for enhancing organizational capacity and adaptability, based on adaptive thinking, for a school disaster prevention system (SDPS) for academic institutions located in a potential natural disaster area. Due to the movement of continental plates and the effects of tropical depressions, disasters occur frequently in Taiwan. We established a conceptual framework under aspects of organizational resilience for a SDPS for school institutions located in a potential disaster area under a choice experiment (CE) framework. We then evaluated the heterogeneity of staff perspectives on an adaptive disaster-mitigation program, as revealed by their preferences and estimated the marginal effects associated with various potential scenarios for such a program. We found that integrating stakeholder concerns about environmental issues, cooperating with local government drills, providing training to be disaster relief volunteers and cooperating with local government to implement disaster-prevention and protection projects were all valid program characteristics. This study also confirmed the existence of heterogeneity in the preferences of participants for adaptive management in SDPS context, as evidenced by their willing attitudes toward participation in education and training courses, participation in implementing disaster prevention and protection projects and undergoing training to be disaster relief volunteers. Specifically, the potential disaster prevention transformation program embodying these features was associated with the highest marginal willingness to work (MWTW). These outcomes can assist in the development and implementation of evaluation frameworks for organization-based management strategies in the context of SDPS.
15
Barzinpour, Farnaz, Mohsen Saffarian, Ahmad Makoui, and Ebrahim Teimoury. "Metaheuristic Algorithm for Solving Biobjective Possibility Planning Model of Location-Allocation in Disaster Relief Logistics." Journal of Applied Mathematics 2014 (2014): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/239868.
Full textAbstract:
Thousands of victims and millions of affected people are hurt by natural disasters every year. Therefore, it is essential to prepare proper response programs that consider early activities of disaster management. In this paper, a multiobjective model for distribution centers which are located and allocated periodically to the damaged areas in order to distribute relief commodities is offered. The main objectives of this model are minimizing the total costs and maximizing the least rate of the satisfaction in the sense of being fair while distributing the items. The model simultaneously determines the location of relief distribution centers and the allocation of affected areas to relief distribution centers. Furthermore, an efficient solution approach based on genetic algorithm has been developed in order to solve the proposed mathematical model. The results of genetic algorithm are compared with the results provided by simulated annealing algorithm and LINGO software. The computational results show that the proposed genetic algorithm provides relatively good solutions in a reasonable time.
16
Flores, Inmaculada, M. Teresa Ortuño, Gregorio Tirado, and Begoña Vitoriano. "Supported Evacuation for Disaster Relief through Lexicographic Goal Programming." Mathematics 8, no. 4 (April 22, 2020): 648. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math8040648.
Full textAbstract:
Disasters have been striking human-beings from the beginning of history and their management is a global concern of the international community. Minimizing the impact and consequences of these disasters, both natural and human-made, involves many decision and logistic processes that should be optimized. A crucial logistic problem is the evacuation of the affected population, and the focus of this paper is the planning of supported evacuation of vulnerable people to safe places when necessary. A lexicographic goal programming model for supported evacuation is proposed, whose main novelties are the classification of potential evacuees according to their health condition, so that they can be treated accordingly; the introduction of dynamism regarding the arrival of potential evacuees to the pickup points, according to their own susceptibility about the disaster and the joint consideration of objectives such us number of evacuated people, operation time and cost, among which no trade-off is possible. The performance of the proposed model is evaluated through a realistic case study regarding the earthquake and tsunami that hit Palu (Indonesia) in September 2018.
17
Mulam, B. R. "(A230) Emergency Medical Preparedness for Disaster Risk Reduction: The Role of Health Sector Personnel - An Overview." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 26, S1 (May 2011): s62—s63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x11002160.
Full textAbstract:
Efficient management of disasters has received increased attention globally. It has been realized by all countries in the world that no development is sustainable if human life is vulnerable to major Disaster risks. Disaster Preparedness and Response are the most important components of an effective Disaster Management strategy. The objective of Disaster Preparedness is to ensure that appropriate systems are in place and personnel are trained to provide immediate response to victims in the event of any Disaster. Medical response is one of the most critical, most important and of immediate requirement in any Disaster situation. The success or failure of any Disaster Management operations will depend to a great extent on the success achieved by the Medical and Health sector since most of the Deaths and illnesses caused by disasters are preventable health risks. Though Disaster Management is the responsibility of every organization and institution, the Health Sector has a key role to play, as it is the lead sector. Hence, health personnel play a very important role in reducing disaster risks. This paper briefly examines the role and responsibilities of Medical and Health personnel and provides an overview of Emergency medical preparedness for reducing disaster risks. The concept of Disaster Medicine in dealing with the public health management of Disasters and Emergency Medical Preparedness, including the Prevention, Response, Relief and Rescue operations of Health Management while addressing various issues like casualty area management and Hospital Management etc through various strategies and actions will also be discussed. The Impact of Disasters on Health and how they can be best managed to reduce the number of mortalities and morbidities resulting from Disasters will be examined. The need for ensuring Community Participation in Health Management and prevention of health risk through Immunization and vaccination, proper food & nutrition, maintenance of hygienic and sanitation, adequate system of garbage disposal, Vector control and Research and Epidemiological studies will also be discussed. Prof. Bhaskara Rao, Mulam, Specialist, Policy, Planning and Related Issues, SAARC Disaster Management Centre (SDMC), New Delhi
18
Khankeh, Hamid Reza, Davoud Khorasani-Zavareh, Eva Johanson, Rakhshandeh Mohammadi, Fazlollah Ahmadi, and Reza Mohammadi. "Disaster Health-Related Challenges and Requirements: A Grounded Theory Study in Iran." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 26, no. 3 (June 2011): 151–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x11006200.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractBackground: Despite frequent disasters caused by natural hazards, concern has been raised regarding the effectiveness of disaster health services in disaster-prone countries such as Iran. The purpose of this study was to explore, in relation to health disaster management, the experiences and perceptions of individuals who responded or were affected by a recent Iranian earthquake disaster.Methods: This study was conducted using grounded theory. Study participants included members of a multidisciplinary disaster response team as well as residents of the community affected by the earthquake (n = 29). Data collection included semi-structured interviews, field notes, and reviews of narratives.Results: The findings of this study indicate that the lack of planning, inadequate organizational management of resources, insufficient coordination in the provision of health services during the disaster, and the manner of participation of international relief efforts were the most important barriers to adequate disaster healthcare services delivery during the 2003 Bam Iranian earthquake.Conclusions: This study supports the value of health service managers coordinating the appropriate use of international aid in advance. It is suggested that this can be done by better communication with local and foreign constituents. Further, this study indicates that public education and proper pre-event planning help to bring about an effective response to providing healthcare services during a disaster.
19
Cygańczuk, Krzysztof, Jacek Roguski, and Jarosław Tępiński. "Temporary Accommodation Facilities for People Affected by an Emergency or Humanitarian Disaster." Safety & Fire Technology 59, no. 1 (2022): 42–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.12845/sft.59.1.2022.2.
Full textAbstract:
Aim: This article attempts to provide an insight into the planning and construction of temporary accommodation for those affected by warfare and hu- manitarian disasters. The damage to housing infrastructure is often very extensive and its reconstruction takes up to several years, during which time it is necessary to provide refugees and disaster victims with minimum living conditions until they are able to move into permanent housing facilities. The article further describes the planning process that should be followed before disasters, as well as the types of temporary accommodation and the use of local resources in disaster recovery. Introduction: In recent years, we have seen a significant increase in the occurrence of natural disasters and local armed conflicts. In most cases in- frastructure in disaster areas is severely damaged or completely destroyed. Houses and residential buildings are very vulnerable to damage and are the most visible consequence after disasters. At the same time, for the people affected by these disasters, they are very traumatic experiences. The article describes the key role of temporary housing during the recovery from humanitarian disasters, identifies common problems and provides some suggestions on how to overcome them. Methodology: The paper mainly uses theoretical research methods, including literature analysis and the opinions of international experts who have conducted studies of many humanitarian disasters and warfare. The analysis which was carried out made it possible to establish and present directions for the construction methodology and optimal solutions in the refugee accommodation project. It discusses elements that can be classified as common patterns of temporary accommodation and reviews of both successful and unsuccessful solutions. Conclusions: The article discusses important factors related to humanitarian disaster preparedness and management. In order to assess the prepared- ness of planning and disaster management, the article answers the following questions: what is good planning and management and what is the role of temporary housing? The answer is based on the results of empirical and behavioural research conducted by international experts and UNDRO – the United Nations Disaster Relief Organization and the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR). Keywords: UNDRO, UNHCR, humanitarian disasters, temporary accommodation Type of article: review article
20
Kirkpatrick, Sarah Bundy. "Disaster relief trials: perceptions of a disaster-themed bicycling event." Disaster Prevention and Management: An International Journal 28, no. 3 (June 3, 2019): 386–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/dpm-10-2018-0334.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose Bicycling enthusiasts have been organizing community events in US cities to demonstrate how bicycles may be of use in the aftermath of a disaster event. The purpose of this paper is to examine the perceived value of these events and levels of engagement in the same amongst emergency managers, community organizers and bicycling advocates. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected through 21 in-depth, telephone interviews with emergency management officials and bicycling advocates in bicycle-friendly jurisdictions in the USA and analyzed using initial and focused coding, analytic memos and theoretical sorting. Findings The study found that event organizers and other bicycle advocates widely embraced the concept as a means to change societal perceptions of bicycles as viable modes of transportation, indicating at least some level of interest in taking an active role in its pursuit. Emergency managers were generally receptive to the idea, but they largely saw the value as restricted to raising public awareness about hazards and individual preparedness measures; and they mostly envisioned for themselves a minimal role in event planning and execution. Practical implications The findings suggest that when operating in a resource-poor environment with limited public and political support, there are innovative partnerships and ideas that can be successfully leveraged to advance multiple purposes. Originality/value Almost no empirical research has looked at the disaster relief trial concept, given the relative newness and novelty of the idea. An examination of perceived value of disaster-oriented community bicycling events seems warranted as such events continue to grow in existing locations and emerge in new locales each year.
21
Zhu, Jianming, Shuyue Liu, and Smita Ghosh. "Model and algorithm of routes planning for emergency relief distribution in disaster management with disaster information update." Journal of Combinatorial Optimization 38, no. 1 (January 8, 2019): 208–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10878-018-00377-8.
Full text
22
Reis, Kimberley, Cheryl Desha, Sioux Campbell, and Prudence Liddy. "Working through Disaster Risk Management to Support Regional Food Resilience: A Case Study in North-Eastern Australia." Sustainability 14, no. 4 (February 21, 2022): 2466. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14042466.
Full textAbstract:
As a consequence of disasters such as pandemics and severe weather events, Australian communities often face ‘food shortages’ resulting from the reduced availability of food and reduced access to available food. These food shortages can be acutely felt by vulnerable populations, comprising people in communities who are already dealing with social or economic disadvantages. Despite growing calls to ensure food access for everyone during and following disasters, efforts are still largely ad hoc, champion based and highly variable in their reliability and quality of supply. There is also a disconnect between disaster-related food relief and improving business continuity towards local economic resilience. This study sought to tackle these challenges by exploring how ‘local food access’ could be integrated within disaster management mechanisms, to support the most vulnerable and also contribute to local economic resilience. This paper discusses the findings of a study undertaken in Cairns, a north-eastern Australian regional authority, and involves a review of disaster management planning and policy artifacts, an online survey, and semi-structured interviews with stakeholders providing care and advocacy for vulnerable populations. Synthesizing the findings, we present a disaster-management-focused ‘Local Food Access Model’ that connects shorter food supply chains to improved disaster response, resilience and contingency-planning agendas. Applying this model to Cairns, we conclude the multiple benefits and immediate stakeholder readiness for a virtual (online) food resilience and contingency hub, to enable the connection of local food availability and access information within existing disaster management processes. The research method used, the model, and the case-specific findings provide government decision makers with a useful process, a local food-access schematic and a case study example to support immediate improvements in disaster resilience for vulnerable populations.
23
Svirchev, L., Y. Li, L. Yan, C. He, and B. L. Ma. "(A37) Characteristics and Evaluation of China's Earthquake Disaster Management Systems." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 26, S1 (May 2011): s11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x11000501.
Full textAbstract:
BackgroundThis presentation summarizes our ongoing hybrid sociological-geological research into China's earthquake disaster management systems. Our methodology is a grounded research approach, based firstly on field observations related to the Wenchuan earthquake, including interviews with survivors and professionals responsible for disaster management; secondly on an extensive review of the English-language disaster management literature. China's earth scientists, frequently in collaboration with international scientists, have created a substantial English-language literature, but the social literature on disasters in China is scant. China's geographic variation is complex, with significant fault lines criss-crossing the nation.DiscussionApproximately half of the population lives in areas with a high risk of earthquakes. The two most-devastating of these since 1949 were the 1976 point-source Tangshan earthquake with mortality of 242,419, and the 2008 huge-area Wenchuan earthquake with mortality of 69,226. Our research has found that China's earthquake disaster management systems at the local, provincial, and national levels respond rapidly to earthquakes. National mobilization for rescue-relief after the Tangshan earthquake began within six hours, and within two hours for the Wenchuan earthquake. These systems are also characterized by reconstruction planning that functions in parallel to, and melds into, the relief effort streams. China's major infrastructure projects, such as hydro-electric power dams, are designed to resist extreme earthquake; however, rural mountain populations and the historic built-environment have low earthquake resistance, conditions which will endure for a long time.ConclusionsAs a result of the Wenchuan earthquake, China has undertaken ambitious three-dimensional monitoring and response programs. We recommend studies and action to reconnoiter, investigate, and prevent population exposure to geo-hazards, particularly in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. In summary, China excels at disaster response but has not yet entered a development era of preventing the population's exposure to earthquake hazards.
24
Prakash, A. "(A342) Distribution Network Design in Relief Chain Management: Learnings from the 2008 Kosi Floods, Bihar, India." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 26, S1 (May 2011): s96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x11003268.
Full textAbstract:
Logistics has always been an important factor in humanitarian aid operations, to the extent that logistics efforts account for 80% of disaster relief. They often have to be carried out in an environment with destabilized infrastructures ranging from a lack of electricity supplies to limited transport infrastructure. Furthermore, since most natural disasters are unpredictable, the demand for goods in these disasters is also unpredictable. Thus it is evident that humanitarian logistics is challenging as it has to be more flexible, and has to function under severe constraints. In India, humanitarian logistics remains a neglected field ins disaster management, the cost of which is paid by loss of human lives and property. In recent Kosi Flood the total population of 33,45,545 people living in 993 villages of 412 panchayats of 35 blocks of 5 districts were affected. A total of 3, 40,742 houses were damaged and 7, 12,140 animals were affected. A total of 239 humans and 1232 animal's lives were lost (Department of Planning and Development, Government of Bihar). The Paper analyses, Madhepura district government's mechanisms of managing logistics while responding to Kosi floods 2008. It evaluates the efficiency of these mechanisms with respect to its outreach to flood affected people. It review and analyses the strengths and weaknesses of the adopted distribution network design for relief management with reference to strategic locations of the relief camps, during the first month of the kosi floods in 2008. It suggests ways to improve disaster logistics at district level in Bihar. The study looks into the possibilities of adopting newer approaches in the field of logistics that could be implemented with greater efficiency under similar conditions. The logistics in the devastating floods at the district level in a developing country has key learning lessons for similar resource poor environments.
25
Wilson, Mark M. J., Peter Tatham, John Payne, Cécile L’Hermitte, and Michael Shapland. "Best practice relief supply for emergency services in a developed economy." Journal of Humanitarian Logistics and Supply Chain Management 8, no. 1 (April 3, 2018): 107–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jhlscm-03-2017-0008.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to discuss the challenges inherent in planning and responding to disaster events in a multi-agency context where numerous governmental and non-governmental actors and agencies are involved in the planning and response phases. In particular, the authors examine a situation where a lead agency has recently been delegated the responsibility for emergency relief logistics and how it might determine and implement best practice. Design/methodology/approach Adopting an iterative inductive approach, the authors gather data and insights from academic literature, emergency management policies, frameworks and documents and exploratory in-depth interviews with 12 key informants who have considerable experience with the challenges of logistic preparation and response to disasters in a developed country context. The data and context are limited to developed counties, especially the state of Queensland, Australia. Findings The authors discuss the challenge of achieving coordinated supply chain management where mandated/lead response agencies are required to meet stakeholder and local community expectations and outcomes. From these findings, the authors offer 11 practical recommendations to assist the delivery of best practice in emergency logistics. Originality/value Humanitarian logistics is usually examined from a low/middle-income country perspective, yet an efficient and effective disaster response is no less important for developed economies. In this respect, the authors offer a fresh examination of the challenges of delivering best practice for emergency logistics in order to achieve expected community outcomes.
26
Ali, Asif, Shah Nawaz Khan, and Naeem Shahzad. "Approaches for Disaster Risk Reduction and Management in the Context of Islam." Fahm-i-Islam 2, no. 2 (November 30, 2019): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.37605/fahm-i-islam.2.2.1.
Full textAbstract:
Disaster management is a global responsibility to cope with the adverse situations. Developed countries have huge investment in integration of Disaster Risk Reduction measures in their daily life development programs and are well equipped in technology to avert a hazard into a normal event or minimize the sufferings caused by disasters. Developing nations are still focusing only on post disaster response and relief activities yet neglecting the aspect of Disaster Risk Reduction. For development to be sustainable, it is important to incorporate risk element in their routine life. Muslim world was progressively developed in science till 1600 but unfortunately they lack behind in science and technology after 17th century. The teachings of Quran and Hadith stressed on the planning and preparedness against any future haphazard. Islam is a complete religion with complete teachings for the wellbeing of the humanity. Our Prophet Muhammad (SAW) Sunnah is a complete guidance for us to live in harmony and peace. This paper will guide us to follow the teachings of Islam, Quran and Hadith in order to build our capacities and to better prepared against disasters. Benefit from the Islamic teaching, learning from the preparedness strategies against future hazards in light of the strategies being taken by the Messengers of Allah and relate the essentials of risk reduction to make a standard mechanism for Risk Communication and education at community level.
27
Noji, Eric K. "The Public Health Consequences of Disasters." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 15, no. 4 (December 2000): 21–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00025255.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractAlthough disasters have exacted a heavy toll of death and suffering, the future seems more frightening. Good disaster management must link data collection and analysis to the decision-making process. The overall objectives of disaster management from the viewpoint of public health are: 1) needs assessments; 2) matching available resources with defined needs; 3) prevention of further adverse health effects; 4) implementation of disease-control strategies; 5) evaluation of the effectiveness of the application of these strategies; and 6) improvement in contingency planning for future disasters.The effects of sudden-onset, natural disasters on humans are quantifiable. Knowledge of the epidemiology of deaths, injuries, and illnesses is essential to determine effective responses; provide public education; establish priorities, planning, and training. In addition, the temporal patterns for the medical care required must be established so that the needs in future disasters can be anticipated.This article discusses: 1) the nature of disasters due to sudden-onset, natural events; 2) the medical and health needs associated with such events and disasters; 3) practical issues of disaster responses; and 4) the advance organization and management of disasters. The discussion also includes: 1) discussions of past problems in disaster management including non-congruence between available supplies and the actual needs of the affected population; 2) information management; 3) needs assessments; 4) public health surveillance; and 5) linking information with decision-making. This discussion is followed by an analysis of what currently is known about the health-care needs during some specific types of sudden-onset, natural disasters: 1) floods; 2) tropical cyclones; 3) tornadoes; 4) volcanic eruptions; and 5) earthquakes. The article concludes with descriptions of some specific public-health problems associated with disasters including epidemics and disposition of corpses.All natural disasters are unique in that the regions affected have different social, economic, and health backgrounds. But, many similarities exist, and knowledge about these can ensure that the health and emergency medical relief and limited resources are well-managed.
28
Ahmad Riza, Tengku, Asep Mulyana, and Rendy Munadi. "Public Protection and Disaster Relief Planning Using Terrestrial Trunked Radio in West Java." JOIV : International Journal on Informatics Visualization 6, no. 2-2 (August 7, 2022): 561. http://dx.doi.org/10.30630/joiv.6.2-2.1146.
Full textAbstract:
This research aims to implement Public Protection and Disaster Relief (PPDR) planning using Terrestrial Trunked Radio (TETRA) in the West Java area. This plan will work at frequencies 806-821 MHz and 851-866 MHz (bandwidth of 15 MHz). PPDR planning study using TETRA in West Java with a total area of 37,315 Km2. This TETRA planning study uses the simulation method. Simulation using ATOLL software using parameters used by the West Java Regional Police (Polda) because it follows the conditions of the province of West Java. This plan does three things, firstly plans the coverage area to determine the number of base stations by looking for the link power budget and MAPL, followed by finding the cell radius value, secondly planning the network capacity to be used by following the assumptions and predictions of the TETRA mobile station (ms), and the third is planning the frequency spectrum. The three methods are tested and validated using Atoll software simulation. The planning results for the West Java region required 58 sites (base station). The required channels are 94 channels, while from 15 MHz, TETRA digital radio trunking bandwidth provides 600 channels so that TETRA digital trunking radio can be implemented in West Java. In the future, this TETRA radio trunking plan can be implemented in other provinces in Indonesia and even be expanded to all regions in Indonesia to handle disasters
29
Jensen, Guy, Elhanan Bar-On, Jane Thorley Wiedler, Stefanie C. Hautz, Harald Veen, Alan R. Kay, Ian Norton, Richard A. Gosselin, and Johan von Schreeb. "Improving Management of Limb Injuries in Disasters and Conflicts." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 34, no. 03 (April 26, 2019): 330–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x19004242.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractIt has become clear that disaster relief needs to transition from good intentions or a charity-based approach to a professional, outcome-oriented response. The practice of medicine in disaster and conflict is a profession practiced in environments where lack of resources, chaos, and unpredictability are the norm rather than the exception. With this consideration in mind, the World Health Organization (WHO; Geneva, Switzerland) and its partners set out to improve the disaster response systems. The resulting Emergency Medical Team (EMT) classification system requires that teams planning on engaging in disaster response follow common standards for the delivery of care in resource-constraint environments. In order to clarify these standards, the WHO EMT Secretariat collaborated with the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC; Geneva, Switzerland) and leading experts from other stakeholder non-governmental organizations (NGOs) to produce a guide to the management of limb injuries in disaster and conflict.The resulting text is a free and open-access resource to provide guidance for national and international EMTs caring for patients in disasters and conflicts. The content is a result of expert consensus, literature review, and an iterative process designed to encourage debate and resolution of existing open questions within the field of disaster and conflict medical response.The end result of this process is a text providing guidance to providers seeking to deliver safe, effective care within the EMT framework that is now part of the EMT training and verification system and is being distributed to ICRC teams deploying to the field.This work seeks to encourage professionalization of the field of disaster and conflict response, and to contribute to the existing EMT framework, in order to provide for better care for future victims of disaster and conflict.Jensen G, Bar-On E, Wiedler JT, Hautz SC, Veen H, Kay AR, Norton I, Gosselin RA, von Schreeb J. Improving management of limb injuries in disasters and conflicts. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2019;34(3):330–334.
30
Ayvaz, Berk, and Ali Osman Kuşakcı. "A Fuzzy Integer Programming Model to Locate Temporary Medical Facilities as Part of Pre-Disaster Management." International Journal of Operations Research and Information Systems 10, no. 1 (January 2019): 21–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijoris.2019010102.
Full textAbstract:
The number and the scale of natural disasters have drastically increased over the last decades. One of the most vital stages of disaster preparedness is disaster response planning, and it plays an important role in limiting material and immaterial consequences, such as those caused by large scale earthquakes. In order to minimize human suffering and death, the aim of establishing a well-designed humanitarian relief chain must be to provide medicine, water, shelter, emergency food and supplies to the affected areas. From a holistic perspective, providing timely first aid and rapid transfer of injured victims to a medical facility is one of the most essential component of such chain. Thus, the location of first aid hospitals must be determined following a careful thought and planning process. This study presents a fuzzy integer programming model to determine the best location of the temporary hospitals which are expected to support extant state hospitals after a major earthquake. This study applies the proposed fuzzy model to the Üsküdar province of Istanbul and identifies optimum number and locations of field hospitals for a severe earthquake scenario.
31
Peng, Lin, and Fengshi Wu. "Building Up Alliances and Breaking Down the State Monopoly: The Rise of Non-Governmental Disaster Relief in China." China Quarterly 234 (April 10, 2018): 463–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741017001333.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThis paper explores the emergence of a highly networked and capable non-governmental organization (NGO) community in disaster relief in China. It provides a review of the growth of non-governmental actors in the relief field since the 2000s and examines the most important platforms and networks in the field, focusing on their strategies of maintaining a broad-based partnership, developing their own capacity, and enhancing overall inter-organizational connectivity. With an in-depth look at a successful joint non-governmental relief operation in Lushan in 2013, the paper also explicates how NGOs can break the state monopoly over disaster information management, public donations and relief operations. This research finds that during crisis times, non-governmental actors carry out relief missions effectively in parallel with state agencies. The rise of non-governmental disaster relief sheds light on one of many trajectories of civil society development in China where social autonomy is earned by innovation, public support and improved capacity.
32
Lodree Jr, E. J., and S. Taskin. "An insurance risk management framework for disaster relief and supply chain disruption inventory planning." Journal of the Operational Research Society 59, no. 5 (May 2008): 674–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jors.2602377.
Full text
33
Zheng, Yu-Jun, and Hai-Feng Ling. "Emergency transportation planning in disaster relief supply chain management: a cooperative fuzzy optimization approach." Soft Computing 17, no. 7 (December 18, 2012): 1301–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00500-012-0968-4.
Full text
34
Valkanova, Elena, and Rostislav Kostadinov. "IMPACT OF DISASTERS ON DISASTER MEDICINE EDUCATION." Journal of IMAB - Annual Proceeding (Scientific Papers) 27, no. 4 (November 25, 2021): 4125–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5272/jimab.2021274.4125.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: Disaster medicine is a novel but rapidly evolving medical specialty. It aims for evidence based practices as they are essential for contemporary medicine. Every calamity provides input for development. Researchers in the field study these events for the purpose of amending theory and practice to reflect new challenges. The better the understanding of the shortfalls reported is, the greater will the worth for disaster medical response to the upcoming events be. Purpose: The objective of the study is to demonstrate the connection between disasters and commencement and evolution in disaster medicine education and to highlight the significance of lessons learned for practice improvement. Materials and methods: By means of the descriptive method, lessons learned from disaster medical support to some of the most significant catastrophic events in recent years are presented. Comparative and deductive analyses are performed in order to assess the influence of disasters on the evolution of disaster medical support education and training. Results: Analysis of the most consequential disasters proves that the affected countries have implemented disaster medical support planning, organization, and management changes. These changes in policy and practice lead to amendments and advances in disaster medical tuition. Conclusion: As a conclusion, disaster medicine education reliance on the best practices approved throughout the disaster relief operations is noted. Every gained experience and lesson learned have to be implemented into the lectures and seminars, thus transforming real life achievements into knowledge and wisdom.
35
Kaphle, Krishna P., L. N. Rimal, A. K. Duwadi, B. Piya, and D. Nepali. "Disasters and environmental degradation in Nepal: focus on urban areas." Journal of Nepal Geological Society 38 (September 25, 2008): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jngs.v38i0.31482.
Full textAbstract:
Nepal is prone to various disasters like earthquake, landslide, debris flow, flood, and glacier lake outburst flood (GLOF). In the last 23 years natural disasters have caused tremendous losses of lives and property. The disasters have brought about the average loss of about 6% of the annual development expenditure of the government. Their frequency is also increasing due to a high rate of population growth and multiple human activities. Disasters disturb the normal life and social system, degrade the environment, and aggravate the poverty and eco-system in the affected areas. Both natural and anthropogenic disasters are deteriorating the natural environment mostly in the urban areas of Nepal. Since there is no effective forecasting and early warning system for such disasters there will be no time for the vulnerable people to save from possible disaster by taking themselves in safe places. Previously the Nepal government put its efforts mainly on post-disaster activities like rescue, relief, and rehabilitation. Only after the 1985 Dig Tso GLOF, 1988 earthquake in eastern Nepal, and 1993 flood and landslide disaster in central Nepal, people realised the importance of pre-disaster preparedness. For the preparedness and mitigation of hazards, geological, geomorphological, hydrogeological information and hazard maps are extremely important. Consequently, the Department of Mines and Geology is publishing the engineering and environmental geological maps of urban areas, which are quite helpful for infrastructural planning, disaster management, and environmental protection.
36
Rezaei, Alireza, and Sadra Tahsili. "Urban Vulnerability Assessment Using AHP." Advances in Civil Engineering 2018 (2018): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2018601.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose. Physical expansion of urban areas and cities is of great importance nowadays. Irreparable damages will thus be caused by lack of proper planning against natural disasters. Crisis management will therefore guide through prevention, preparedness, disaster relief, and recovery by planning an appropriate program. Methodology. Principal processes of crisis management against earthquake in Iran were evaluated and discussed. Multicriteria earthquake crisis management was then proposed by means of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). Vulnerability of 19 urban areas in Qazvin city was studied and analyzed as a case study. Three main criteria were considered as “physical dimensions and physical vulnerability texture,” “the amount of urban texture responsibility to aid after crisis,” and “possibility of city reversibility after the crisis.” These criteria were divided into 20 subcriteria which were prioritized by a questionnaire survey. Findings. “High population density,” “urban texture of old and repairable buildings,” “lack of relief and medical services,” “a few organic texture areas,” “sidewalks with less than 6 meters width in the region,” and “lack of open spaces in the area” were concluded to be the most important reasons causing high vulnerability of urban texture in Qazvin city.
37
Chackungal, Smita, Jason W. Nickerson, Lisa M. Knowlton, Lynn Black, Frederick M. Burkle, Kathleen Casey, David Crandell, et al. "Best Practice Guidelines on Surgical Response in Disasters and Humanitarian Emergencies: Report of the 2011 Humanitarian Action Summit Working Group on Surgical Issues within the Humanitarian Space." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 26, no. 6 (December 2011): 429–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x12000064.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThe provision of surgery within humanitarian crises is complex, requiring coordination and cooperation among all stakeholders. During the 2011 Humanitarian Action Summit best practice guidelines were proposed to provide greater accountability and standardization in surgical humanitarian relief efforts. Surgical humanitarian relief planning should occur early and include team selection and preparation, appropriate disaster-specific anticipatory planning, needs assessment, and an awareness of local resources and limitations of cross-cultural project management. Accurate medical record keeping and timely follow-up is important for a transient surgical population. Integration with local health systems is essential and will help facilitate longer term surgical health system strengthening.
38
Ramachandra, MBBS, MD, MPH, Srikrishna Sulgodu. "Village-level tsunami disaster assessment: A volunteer’s perspective." Journal of Emergency Management 7, no. 5 (September 1, 2009): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/jem.2009.0023.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: The Tsunami hit Indian coastal line between 8.30 and 9.30 AM Indian Standard Time (IST) on the December 26, 2004. A lot of damage to life and property—both movable and immovable— occurred to approximately 3-4 km of land adjacent to the coastal line. It mainly took away lives, shelter, fishing boats, and fishing nets of the fishermen folk. Relief in terms of money, manpower, food, water, clothing, medicines, and all other resources poured in plenty. However, any amount of relief or compensation could not match the amount of damage that had occurred. A team of 11 volunteers (two Public Health Specialists, seven Medical Interns, and two Medico Social Workers) led by the author went through ActionAid International and Community Health Cell (CHC), Bangalore, for relief work in Nagapattinam District of Tamil Nadu, which is one of the worst affected districts in India.Objectives: To conduct a rapid assessment of the amount of damage at village level to lives, social and economic losses, and damage to community resources in 15 villages of Sirkali taluk of Nagapattinam district in Tamil Nadu with an ultimate goal to provide long-term services in that community. To assess the relief needed and relief that was actually provided in these 15 villages through Government and various Non Governmental Organizations (NGOs).Methods: A 1-day (December 27, 2004) training and orientation on rapid disaster assessment, the tool to be used for the village level disaster assessment and handling relief operations in a Tsunami affected situation was given by the Country Coordinator for Disaster Management, ActionAid India, at CHC, Bangalore. Then, a 1-day (December 28, 2004) Planning and Review meeting was conducted at ActionAid Office, Chennai, to draw up an action plan for the areas to be covered and the steps to be followed during the assessment. The Survey Team was then divided into two groups of five members and six members each and set out to the villages selected for the actual data collection. The 15 villages that were part of the survey were selected by the ActionAid Chennai Office, based on the severity of destruction caused in those areas, and also since, they were the villages that ActionAid had longterm plans of adoption. A standard pretested semistructured questionnaire was provided by ActionAid and the data was collected by using participatory methods: (i) observations, (ii) key informant interviews (KIIs), and (iii) focus group discussions (FGDs). (KIIs were conducted with the Village Panchayat leaders, informal leaders, and the local residents. FGDs were conducted with the local residents. The information obtained through these participatory methods was validated against the records that were available with the local government.)Results and Discussion: An analysis of the data from the rapid assessment done in these 15 villages of Sirkali taluk are presented and discussed in this article. A discussion about some of the best practices, major pitfalls in handling certain issues, challenges faced during data collection in these disaster situations, the preparedness for this kind of a situation in India, and developing systems for warning and reporting of this kind of a disaster are also discussed.Conclusions: A disaster of this magnitude in a developing country like India clearly shows the need and commitment for Disaster Preparedness and Management. There is an urgent need to develop systems at the local, state, regional, and national levels and also ensure implementation. By doing so, although we cannot totally avoid natural disasters, we could probably be more prepared to face it and also minimize loss to lives and property to the least possible extent. Agencies involved in disaster management need to realize the ground realities of the effected area for planning a mitigation operation since each situation would be unique.
39
Matsumoto, Hisashi, Tomokazu Motomura, Yoshiaki Hara, Yukiko Masuda, Kunihiro Mashiko, Hiroyuki Yokota, and Yuichi Koido. "Lessons Learned from the Aeromedical Disaster Relief Activities Following the Great East Japan Earthquake." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 28, no. 2 (January 22, 2013): 166–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x12001835.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractIntroductionSince 2001, a Japanese national project has developed a helicopter emergency medical service (HEMS) system (“doctor-helicopter”) and a central Disaster Medical Assistance Team (DMAT) composed of mobile and trained medical teams for rapid deployment during the response phase of a disaster.ProblemIn Japan, the DMAT Research Group has focused on command and control of doctor-helicopters in future disasters. The objective of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of such planning, as well as the problems encountered in deploying the doctor-helicopter fleet with DMAT members following the March 11, 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake.MethodsThis study was undertaken to examine the effectiveness of aeromedical disaster relief activities following the Great East Japan Earthquake and to evaluate the assembly and operations of 15 doctor-helicopter teams dispatched for patient evacuation with medical support.ResultsFifteen DMATs from across Japan were deployed from March 11th through March 13th to work out of two doctor-helicopter base hospitals. The dispatch center at each base hospital directed its own doctor-helicopter fleet under the command of DMAT headquarters to transport seriously injured or ill patients out of hospitals located in the disaster area. Disaster Medical Assistance Teams transported 149 patients using the doctor-helicopters during the first five days after the earthquake. The experiences and problems encountered point to the need for DMATs to maintain direct control over 1) communication between DMAT headquarters and dispatch centers; 2) information management concerning patient transportation; and 3) operation of the doctor-helicopter fleet during relief activities. As there is no rule of prioritization for doctor-helicopters to refuel ahead of other rotorcraft, many doctor-helicopters had to wait in line to refuel.ConclusionThe “doctor-helicopter fleet” concept was vital to Japan's disaster medical assistance and rescue activities. The smooth and immediate dispatch of the doctor-helicopter fleet must occur under the direct control of the DMAT, independent from local government authority. Such a command and control system for dispatching the doctor-helicopter fleet is strongly recommended, and collaboration with local government authorities concerning refueling priority should be addressed.MatsumotoH,MotomuraT,HaraY,MasudaY,MashikoK,YokotaH,KoidoY.Lessons learned from the aeromedical disaster relief activities during the Great East Japan Earthquake.Prehosp Disaster Med.2013;28(2):1-4.
40
Hasani, Aliakbar, and Hadi Mokhtari. "Redesign strategies of a comprehensive robust relief network for disaster management." Socio-Economic Planning Sciences 64 (December 2018): 92–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seps.2018.01.003.
Full text
41
Kako, Mayumi, Malinda Steenkamp, Benjamin Ryan, Paul Arbon, and Yosuke Takada. "Discovering Best Practice for Establishing Evacuation Centers for Vulnerable Populations: Findings from an Australian Pilot Study." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 34, s1 (May 2019): s93—s94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x19001936.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction:Potentially vulnerable population groups in disasters include the elderly and frail, people who are isolated, and those with chronic diseases, including mental health conditions or mobility issues. The 2011 Queensland flood disaster affected central and southeast Queensland, resulting in 2.5 million people being adversely affected. Seventy-two local government areas disaster were activated under the Natural Disaster Relief and Recovery Arrangements, which was more than 99 percent of Queensland. The issues regarding the role and responsibility across governments relating to planning, setup, and management of evacuation centers will be discussed.Aim:This paper will report the preliminary findings of a pilot study undertaken with local government officials and humanitarian agencies in Australia concerning their involvement in planning for, setting up, and managing evacuation centers for vulnerable populations in Australia during the Queensland floods in 2011. The objective is to illuminate the challenges officials faced, and the resolutions and lessons learned in the preparation of evacuation centers through this event.Methods:The study involved interviews with local government and relevant agencies’ officials who have been involved in establishing evacuation centers for vulnerable populations during the 2011 floods. Six officials were recruited from local government areas affected by the disaster in Queensland, Australia. Semi-structured phone interviews were audio-recorded and thematic analysis was conducted using NVivo software.Results:Three core themes emerged: 1) understanding of the importance of preparation, 2) challenging evacuation center environments, and 3) awareness of good governance principles.Discussion:This pilot study demonstrated that communication with stakeholders during the preparation period prior to a disaster is essential to best practice for evacuation center management. Understanding and being aware of good governance is also an important element to establish evacuation centers effectively.
42
Şahin, Ayşenur, Mustafa Alp Ertem, and Emel Emür. "Using containers as storage facilities in humanitarian logistics." Journal of Humanitarian Logistics and Supply Chain Management 4, no. 2 (October 7, 2014): 286–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jhlscm-08-2013-0029.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the use of freight containers to store relief items instead of operating a permanent warehouse building. Design/methodology/approach – A mathematical model is developed to determine the location and quantity of containers as well as the type and amount of relief supplies to store in order to investigate the practicality of using freight containers for storage. The model is tested using earthquake risk data, estimates of population under risk, and the distances between cities. An experimental study is performed using Turkish Prime Ministry Disaster and Emergency Management Presidency (abbreviated as AFAD in Turkish) data for total number of relief supplies. Findings – Considering the earthquake risk of possible locations, the results of the study indicate the target locations for containers. The idea of using containers as storage facilities helped beneficiaries to be reached within a short distance and in an efficient way. Research limitations/implications – The presented model is not implemented in real life disaster relief operations even if it is tested with real earthquake risk, demand and distance data. Practical implications – To apply this model in practice, the container locations within cities should be determined and managerial operations such as maintenance, environmental, and security planning have to be considered. Originality/value – This study presents the first analysis of three sub-topics’ intersection: warehousing, pre-positioning in disaster relief, and containerization. To the best of authors’ knowledge, containers have not been considered for storage of relief items in humanitarian logistics before.
43
Burrell, Darrell Norman, Orna T. Bradley-Swanson, Jorja B. Wright, Tiffiny Shockley, Kim L. Brown-Jackson, Eugene J. M. Lewis, Terrence Duncan, and Judith Mairs-Levy. "Exploring the Need for More Women in Leadership Roles in Public Health and Emergency Response Logistics." International Journal of Applied Research on Public Health Management 6, no. 2 (July 2021): 29–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijarphm.2021070103.
Full textAbstract:
Situations like Coronavirus (COVID-19), severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) coronaviruses, and the damaged caused by Hurricane Maria in September 2017 in Puerto Rico create complex health public health management logistics problems. Disasters and pandemics often demand logistics planning to involve large-scale transportation of medical aid in the form of personnel and supplies, specialized equipment, and personnel for search and rescue, food, shelter, and other commodities used in massive relief operations. The research suggests improvements in organizational culture, modernization of recruitment strategies, and enhancement of leadership and professional development as approaches to improve gender diversity in leadership roles in emergency public health supply chain and logistics management. This paper provides emergency and disaster public health supply chain and logistics management practitioners and scholars insight into the dynamics of gender disparity in leadership roles in public health supply chain management.
44
Miller, Andrew C., and Bonnie Arquilla. "Chronic Diseases and Natural Hazards: Impact of Disasters on Diabetic, Renal, and Cardiac Patients." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 23, no. 2 (April 2008): 185–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00005835.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractBackground:Inadequately controlled chronic diseases may present a threat to life and well-being during the emergency response phase of disasters. Chronic disease exacerbations (CDE) account for one of the largest patient populations during disasters, and patients are at increased risk for adverse outcomes.Objective:The objective of this study was to assess the burden of chronic renal failure, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease during disasters due to natural hazards, identify impediments to care, and propose solutions to improve the disaster preparation and management of CDE.Methods:A thorough search of the PubMed, Ovid, and Medline databases was performed. Dr. Miller's personal international experiences treating CDE after disasters due to natural hazards, such as the 2005 Kashmir earthquake, are included.Discussion:Chronic disease exacerbations comprise a sizable disease burden during disasters related to natural hazards. Surveys estimate that 25–40% of those living in the regions affected by hurricanes Katrina and Rita lived with at least one chronic disease. Chronic illness accounted for 33% of visits, peaking 10 days after hurricane landfall. The international nephrology community has responded to dialysis needs by forming a well-organized and effective organization called the Renal Disaster Relief Task Force (RDRTF). The response to the needs of diabetic and cardiac patients has been less vigorous.Patients must be familiar with emergency diet and renal fluid restriction plans, possible modification of dialysis schedules and methods, and rescue treatments such as the administration of kayexalate. Facilities may consider investing in water-independent extracorporeal dialysis techniques as a rescue treatment. In addition to patient databases and medical alert identification, diabetics should maintain an emergency medical kit. Diabetic patients must be taught and practice the carbohydrate counting technique. In addition to improved planning, responding agencies and organizations must bring adequate supplies and medications to care for diabetic, cardiac, and renal patients during relief efforts.Conclusions:By recognizing and addressing impediments to the care of chronic disease exacerbations after natural disasters, the quality, delivery, and effectiveness of the care provided to diabetic patients during relief efforts can be improved.
45
Godschall, Sarah, Virginia Smith, Jonathan Hubler, and Peleg Kremer. "A Decision Process for Optimizing Multi-Hazard Shelter Location Using Global Data." Sustainability 12, no. 15 (August 3, 2020): 6252. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12156252.
Full textAbstract:
Mitigating the effects of natural hazards through infrastructure planning requires integration of diverse types of information from a range of fields, including engineering, geography, social science, and geology. Challenges in data availability and previously siloed data have hindered the ability to obtain the information necessary to support decision making for disaster risk management. This is particularly challenging for areas susceptible to multiple types of natural hazards, especially in low-income communities that lack the resources for data collection. The data revolution is altering this landscape, due to the increased availability of remotely sensed data and global data repositories. This work seeks to leverage these advancements to develop a framework using open global datasets for identifying optimal locations for disaster relief shelters. The goal of this study is to empower low-income regions and make resilience more equitable by providing a multi-hazard shelter planning framework that is accessible to all decision-makers. The tool described integrates spatial multi-criteria decision analysis methods with a network analysis procedure to inform decisions regarding disaster shelter planning and siting.
46
Munawar, Hafiz Suliman, Fahim Ullah, Siddra Qayyum, Sara Imran Khan, and Mohammad Mojtahedi. "UAVs in Disaster Management: Application of Integrated Aerial Imagery and Convolutional Neural Network for Flood Detection." Sustainability 13, no. 14 (July 6, 2021): 7547. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13147547.
Full textAbstract:
Floods have been a major cause of destruction, instigating fatalities and massive damage to the infrastructure and overall economy of the affected country. Flood-related devastation results in the loss of homes, buildings, and critical infrastructure, leaving no means of communication or travel for the people stuck in such disasters. Thus, it is essential to develop systems that can detect floods in a region to provide timely aid and relief to stranded people, save their livelihoods, homes, and buildings, and protect key city infrastructure. Flood prediction and warning systems have been implemented in developed countries, but the manufacturing cost of such systems is too high for developing countries. Remote sensing, satellite imagery, global positioning system, and geographical information systems are currently used for flood detection to assess the flood-related damages. These techniques use neural networks, machine learning, or deep learning methods. However, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) coupled with convolution neural networks have not been explored in these contexts to instigate a swift disaster management response to minimize damage to infrastructure. Accordingly, this paper uses UAV-based aerial imagery as a flood detection method based on Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to extract flood-related features from the images of the disaster zone. This method is effective in assessing the damage to local infrastructures in the disaster zones. The study area is based on a flood-prone region of the Indus River in Pakistan, where both pre-and post-disaster images are collected through UAVs. For the training phase, 2150 image patches are created by resizing and cropping the source images. These patches in the training dataset train the CNN model to detect and extract the regions where a flood-related change has occurred. The model is tested against both pre-and post-disaster images to validate it, which has positive flood detection results with an accuracy of 91%. Disaster management organizations can use this model to assess the damages to critical city infrastructure and other assets worldwide to instigate proper disaster responses and minimize the damages. This can help with the smart governance of the cities where all emergent disasters are addressed promptly.
47
Sakiani, Reza, Abbas Seifi, and Reza Ramezani Khorshiddost. "A novel structure to model the distribution of relief items in a post-disaster situation." Journal of Modelling in Management 16, no. 2 (February 22, 2021): 441–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jm2-11-2019-0257.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose There is usually a considerable shortage of resources and a lack of accurate data about the demand amount in a post-disaster situation. This paper aims to model the distribution and redistribution of relief items. When the new data on demand and resources become available the redistribution of previously delivered items may be necessary due to severe shortages in some locations and surplus inventory in other areas. Design/methodology/approach The presented model includes a vehicle routing problem in the first period and some network flow structures for succeeding periods of each run. Thereby, it can produce itineraries and loading plans for each vehicle in all periods when it is run in a rolling horizon manner. The fairness in distribution is sought by minimizing the maximum shortage of commodities among the affected areas while considering operational costs. Besides, equity of welfare in different periods is taken into account. Findings The proposed model is evaluated by a realistic case study. The results show that redistribution and multi-period planning can improve efficiency and fairness in supply after the occurrence of a disaster. Originality/value This paper proposes an operational model for distribution and redistribution of relief items considering the differences of items characteristics. The model integrates two well-known structures, vehicle routing problem with pickup and delivery and network flow problem to take their advantages. To get more practical results, the model relaxes some simplifying assumptions commonly used in disaster relief studies. Furthermore, the model is used in a realistic case study.
48
Gavidia, Jorge, and Annalisa Crivellari. "Legislation as Vulnerability Factor." Open House International 31, no. 1 (March 1, 2006): 84–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-01-2006-b0010.
Full textAbstract:
A study conducted in Central America in 2003 shows that in the aftermath of Hurricane Mitch noticeable progress was made in introducing new legislation for disaster management, understood as covering the whole cycle from prevention, preparedness and relief, to reconstruction. The new legislation includes civil defence or disaster management laws and regulations to improve their effectiveness in responding to the threat of natural disasters. A similar situation can be observed in other countries like Cuba and the Dominican Republic. The study looks into existing urban and municipal laws, regulations and planning guidelines to assess the extent to which they respond to vulnerability reduction criteria. This paper focuses on aspects of prevention and risk reduction. An attempt was made to look into the complementarities and gaps between the two sets of regulations for disaster management and for municipal/urban management. It is found that despite the many elements of good practice included in them, the links between these instruments are weak or absent on issues ranging from planning to the actual supervision of interventions on the built environment. Thus, the main elements of the edifice were there, but they did not constitute a solid, interconnected, structure, therefore, bound to fail under the loads imposed by rapid urbanisation, speculation, emergencies and weak governance structures. Institutions are often left to fend themselves in discharging their tasks. Without a coherent normative framework, and the capacity to apply it, their work is primarily driven by institutional initiative, leading to problems of underperformance, overlaps, gaps, and non-constructive competition. Thus, the institutional setup and normative framework become important factors in increasing vulnerability, as real as a building with the wrong foundations. The article reviews the mentioned aspects drawing from the experience in Central America, Cuba and Dominican Republic.
49
Yang, Qing, Ying Sun, Xingxing Liu, and Jinmei Wang. "MAS-Based Evacuation Simulation of an Urban Community during an Urban Rainstorm Disaster in China." Sustainability 12, no. 2 (January 10, 2020): 546. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12020546.
Full textAbstract:
The frequent occurrence of urban waterlogging constantly affects cities’ stability, bringing about a lot of economic losses and casualties. Coupled with the deficient rescue activities, waterlogging often exacerbates the impact of urban rainstorm disasters. By setting up a diverse distribution of shelters and various types of pedestrians, the evacuation route choice of pedestrians in an urban rainstorm disaster is simulated and analyzed through multi-agent system simulation. Then, clustering analysis is applied to discover population characteristics in different survival scenarios. The simulations for sustainable rescue after pedestrians reach the shelters are also carried out. It was found that the pedestrians’ herd mentality and the distribution of shelters have a significant impact on the success rate of post-disaster evacuation. The results could help pedestrians to make decisions in the evacuation. The wide scope of the shelters’ allocation facilitates the effect of disaster relief.
50
Wang, Ting, Linsheng Yang, Shaohong Wu, Jiangbo Gao, and Binggan Wei. "Quantitative Assessment of Natural Disaster Coping Capacity: An Application for Typhoons." Sustainability 12, no. 15 (July 23, 2020): 5949. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12155949.
Full textAbstract:
At present, natural disaster coping capabilities are quantitively represented as high, moderate, or low. These classifications, which are described as the results of relative grades, have failed to reveal the specific grades of disaster coping capacity. Therefore, an assessment method of natural disaster coping capacity, which is attempted to quantify the natural disaster coping capacity as disaster grades, was proposed in this study. First, an indicator system consisting of disaster reduction ability index, disaster resilience ability index, and disaster relief ability index was established. The index values were defined as disaster grades according to the historical disaster-related data and information on the equipment and infrastructure for disaster prevention. Second, the weights assigned to these indicators were assessed by using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Then, the back propagation (BP) neural network was used to examine the indicator weights. Finally, the disaster coping capacity was estimated by using the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model. The assessment result was characterized as disaster grade. Cangnan county was chosen as a case study for the assessment of typhoon coping capacity by the proposed method. The results showed that the coping capacity of the county was prepared to deal with 12–13 intensity grades of typhoon. The assessment carried out using the proposed method accurately reflected the typhoon coping capacity of Cangnan. Moreover, the index values of disaster reduction ability, disaster resilience, and disaster relief ability revealed the advantages and limitations of typhoon coping capacity. This suggests that natural disaster coping capacity can be quantitatively assessed by the proposed method.